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Objective To explore the effect of different concentrations of olanzapine on secretion of inflammatory cytokines in adipocytes. Methods 3T3-L1 cells were induced to mature adipocytes using 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin. And then, mature adipocytes were randomly divided into the experiment group 1, experiment group 2, experiment group 3 and control group, respectively. Cells in the experiment groups were intervened with 2. 5, 5. 0, and 10 µmol/L olanzapine, respectively. Cells in the control group were cultured normally without olanzapine. We collected the supernatants of the cell culture medium after intervention for 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The levels of inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA. Results IL-6 and IL-10 in culture supernatant of mature adipocytes in all experiment groups increased over the intervention time (all P<0. 05). The expression of IL-6 was higher in all experiment groups at 72 h after olanzapine treatment in comparison with that of the control group; that was higher in the experiment group 2 than in the experiment group 1 and experiment group 3 at 72 h after olanzapine treatment (all P<0. 05). The expression levels of IL-10 were lower in the experiment group 1 and experiment group 2 than in the control group after olanzapine intervention for 48 or 72 h, and the expression of IL-10 was lower in the experiment group 3 than in the control group after olanzapine intervention for 72 h (all P<0. 05); the expression of IL-10 was lower in the experiment group 1 and experiment group 2 than in the experiment group 3 after olanzapine intervention for 72 h (both P<0. 05) . However, the absorbance values of TNF-α in the supernatants of the cell culture medium at different time points of intervention in each group were all relatively low, and it was not possible to calculate and obtain the concentrations according to the standard curve method. Conclusions Olanzapine can promote the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and inhibit the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10. These effects may be related to the occurrence of obesity in patients with schizophrenia treated by olanzapine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the efficacy of olanzapine combined with Naoxintong capsules in the treatment of schizophrenia and its effects on serum α-synuclein and melatonin levels. METHODS: Totally 124 patients with schizophrenia admitted into the hospital from Mar. 2021 to May 2023 were extracted to be divided into the control group and observation group via the random number table method, with 62 cases in each group. The control group received olanzapine as their treatment, while the observation group was given Naoxintong capsules on the basis of the control group for a duration of 8 weeks. The clinical efficacy, state of mind, quality of life, function of cognition, metabolism of glucose, serum α-synuclein and melatonin levels of two groups were compared. RESULTS: The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group [85. 48% (53 / 62) vs. 69. 35% (43 / 62)], the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). After treatment, the positive symptoms, negative symptoms, psychopathological manifestations and the total scores of positive and negative symptom scales in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, the psychosocial scores, symptom and side effect scores, exercise and energy scores were lower than those in the control group, and the neuropsychological status scale scores were significantly higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 05). The levels of fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial blood glucose after treatment in the observation group were lower than those in control group, and the α-synuclein and melatonin levels were higher than those in control group, with statistically significant differences ( P < 0. 05 ). The incidence of adverse drug reactions in observation group and control group was respectively 4. 84% ( 3 / 62) and 6. 45% ( 4 / 62), with no statistically significant difference (P>0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Olanzapine combined with Naoxintong capsules can significantly increase the efficacy of patients with schizophrenia, restore state of mind, quality of life, function of cognition and metabolism of glucose, and improve serum α-synapse protein and melatonin levels, with few adverse drug reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Schizophrenia and the use of antipsychotic medications are identified to be the likely contributors to the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiovascular disease, and jeopardize the prognosis of schizophrenia. Therefore, effectively preventing or reducing the risk of developing MS in patients with schizophrenia is critical. Objective To explore the efficacy of aripiprazole combined with olanzapine for male schizophrenia patients and its effect on MS, so as to provide a certain reference for the selection of antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia patients. Methods Male patients (n=80) who were hospitalized in The Third People's Hospital of Meizhou from February to June 2023 and fulfilling the International Classification of Diseases, tenth edition (ICD-10) diagnostic criteria for the schizophrenia were enrolled, and grouped using random number table method, each with 40 cases. Study group was treated with aripiprazole combined with olanzapine, while control group was given aripiprazole monotherapy. The treatment lasted for 6 continuous weeks in both groups. At the baseline, Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) score, MS-related indices [fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), lipid profile], S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were recorded. Then the PANSS scores at the end of the 2nd, 4th and 6th week of treatment, the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scores at the end of the 2nd and 6th week of treatment, as well as the MS-related indices, S100B, hs-CRP, Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) score and Rating Scale for Extrapyramidal Side Effects (RSESE) score at the end of the 6th week of treatment were recorded in all participants. Results Analysis on PANSS score revealed a significant group effect, time effect and group×time interaction effect (F=18. 092, 634. 780, 2. 917, P<0. 05 or 0. 01). Analysis on CGI score revealed a significant group effect and time effect (F=20. 492, 99. 190, P<0. 01). At the end of the 6th week of treatment, study group detected lower serum concentrations of HbA1c and triglyceride (TG) compared with control group (t=-3. 495, -3. 293, P<0. 05). The post-treatment hs-CRP level was lower in study group than that in control group (t=-3. 916, P<0. 05). Study group scored lower on TESS compared with control group (t=-4. 684, P<0. 01) . Conclusion Aripiprazole combined with olanzapine can effectively alleviate psychotic states in male schizophrenia patients, and the combination therapy yields less impact on MS-related indices than olanzapine monotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the reference range of olanzapine concentration in the treatment of schizophrenia. METHODS: According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, age, gender, daily dose, administration time, daily administration frequency, drug combination, scale score and adverse drug reactions of inpatients from Xi’ an Mental Health Center from Jun. 2016 to Mar. 2022 were collected. The correlation between olanzapine concentration and collection index was analyzed. The effective reference range of olanzapine concentration was determined, and the warning value was determined combined with the incidence of adverse drug reactions. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in olanzapine concentration among patients with different ages and daily doses (F= 1. 138, F= 1. 322; P<0. 05), the olanzapine concentration of male patients was significantly lower than that of female patients [(39. 29±24. 48)ng / mL vs. (49. 93±26. 92) ng / mL, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test = 0. 201 4, P<0. 01)]. Olanzapine concentration was positively correlated with daily dose ratio (r = 0. 225 4, t = 36. 36, P<0. 01), adverse drug reactions ( t = 2. 013, P<0. 05). According to the principle of maximum detection rate value, 30 ng / mL was the lower limit of the reference range (≥ threshold detection rate was 8. 561%), 90 ng / mL was the upper limit of the reference range ( < threshold detection rate was 2. 022%), 130 ng / mL was the alert value ( adverse drug reaction rate ≥70%). The detection rate of 15 ng / mL was better than 90 ng / mL ( threshold detection rate: 4. 187% vs. 2. 022%). CONCLUSIONS: There are individual differences in patients using olanzapine with different gender, age and daily dose, and the incidence of adverse drug reactions is high, so that olanzapine concentration should be routinely monitored clinically. It is recommended that 15 to 90 ng / mL be used as the reference range and 130 ng / mL as the alert value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The transcriptome sequencing results of brain tissues of olanzapine-treated mice were analyzed to screen out differentially-expressed genes and explore potential targets of atypical antipsychotics leading to body weight gain. Methods Twenty female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group (Ctrl) and Olanzapine administration group (Olz), which were given saline and Olanzapine solution by gavage, respectively. The whole brain tissues were collected 8 weeks later for Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq). The possible targets of olanzapine-induced body weight gain were identified by the Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation analysis, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Gnomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Differential expression levels of mRNAs were further verified by real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR (RT-qPCR). Results Compared with Ctrl group, 591 differentially expressed genes were screened in Olz group, including 251 upregulated genes and 340 down-regulated genes. GO analysis showed that differential genes were widely involved in transcriptional process, among which the expression of genes related to the regulation of digestive system and cold-induced thermogenesis were significantly enriched. KEGG analysis showed that differential genes were widely involved in the interaction between neuroactive ligands and receptors, and the differential genes were significantly enriched in oxytocin signaling, fat digestion and absorption, and cholesterol metabolism pathways. RT-qPCR were performed to verify the expression levels of genes enriched in feeding regulation, gastric kinesis, thermogenesis, fat metabolism and other processes (Oxt, Trpv1, Adipoq, Phox2b, Abcg5, Mogat2, Dbh, Plac8 and Neurog1) as well as hub genes in PPI network (Fos, Dusp1 and Egr2), and the results were consistent with the trend of RNA-Seq. Conclusion Olanzapine administration resulted in changes in central feeding regulation, gastrointestinal motility, thermogenesis and other physiological processes in mice, which might be involved in body weight gain induced by olanzapine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To provide reference for formulating the individual and precise treatment scheme in the patients with deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs caused by non-classic antipsychotic drug olanzapine. Methods One case of lower limb deep vein thrombosis caused by olanzapine was treated in this hospital on September 4,2022,conducted the whole process intra-hospital phamaceutical monitroing, including preoperative and postoperative drug use, rational use of anticoagulant and thrombolytic drugs, medication safe education and working with the clinicians on special patient medication, etc.,conducted the track follow up on the patient after discharge from hospital, and assisted the physician to adjust medication scheme.Results The individualized medication scheme jointly participated by the doctors, pharmacists and patients combined with the doctor′s surgical treatment plan achieved the satisfactory clinical results, moreover the medication was safe and effective.The whole pharmaceutical service process was simple and efficient. Conclusion The implementation of pharmaceutical care ensures the safety of the patient′s anticoagulant treatment before and after surgery, makes the clinical monitoring indicators to reach the standard and maintain the stable state, gives play to the positive benefits of pharmaceutical services, meanwhile improves the rational use rate of related clinical first-line drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether olanzapine combined with sertraline can affect the blood concentration of olanzapine in vivo. METHODS: Drug monitoring results of olanzapine in a hospital from 2020 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. According to whether sertraline was used or not, all patients were divided into the combined group(68 cases) and control group(117 cases), and the blood concentration of olanzapine was compared between two groups. RESULTS: The blood concentrations of olanzapine in the combined group and control group were respectively (31. 68 ± 18. 58) ng/mL and (49. 86 ± 25. 63) ng/mL, the dose-adjusted blood concentrations were respectively (2. 08 ± 0. 88) ng·d/(mL·mg) and (2. 69 ± 1. 21) ng·d/( mL·mg), the combined group was significantly lower than the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0. 05 ). The ratio of concentrations below the lower limit of the therapeutic range in the combined group and control group were respectively 32. 35% (22/68) and 7. 69% (9/117), the combined group was significantly higher than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Olanzapine combined with sertraline can decrease the blood concentration of olanzapine. When the two drugs are combined, it is recommended to monitor the changes in the blood concentration of olanzapine, and it may be necessary to increase the dose appropriately according to the clinical situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the feasibility of combined olanzapine and electroconvulsive therapy in patients with schizophrenia, and to analyze the effects of dexmedetomidine and propofol on the stress response of patients before electroconvulsive therapy. 120 patients with schizophrenia who were treated in our hospital from April 2019 to April 2021 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into groups A, B and C according to the random number table method (40 for each group). Patients in group A were treated with olanzapine alone, patients in group B were treated with electroconvulsive therapy on the basis of group A (preoperative propofol anesthesia), and patients in group C were treated with electroconvulsive therapy on the basis of electroconvulsive therapy in group B. Medetomidine anesthesia, compare the PANSS scores and treatment effects of patients in group A and B before and after treatment, and compare the hemodynamic indexes, electroconvulsive treatment indexes and the incidence of adverse reactions in group B and C patients Compare. (1) There was no difference between the positive symptoms, negative symptoms, general psychopathology, and the general group in the PANSS scale of the two groups of patients before treatment (P>0.05). After 6 weeks of treatment, the positive symptoms and negative symptoms of group B were Symptoms, general psychopathology and total score were lower than group A (P<0.05); (2) Before anesthesia (T0), the differences in HR and MAP between the two groups were not different (P>0.05) ), while the HR and MAP of patients in group C were lower than those in group B (P<0.05) at 10 minutes (T1) and 5 minutes after electric shock (T2) after the administration of anesthesia; Treatment-related indicators such as wake-up time, spontaneous breathing recovery time, and energy suppression index were not different (P>0.05); (4) The total incidence of hiccup, agitation, headache and other adverse reactions in group B was 32.50 % (13/40), higher than 5.00 % (2/40) in group C (P<0.05). Electroconvulsive therapy combined with olanzapine has a good therapeutic effect on schizophrenia. Preoperative anesthesia combined with dexmedetomidine and propofol will significantly improve stress symptoms and reduce the incidence of various postoperative complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the effects of fluoxetine hydrochloride combined with olanzapine on serum S100β and brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF) in elderly patients with depressive episode and intractable hypochondriasis. METHODS: Totally 105 patients with depressive episode and intractable hypochondriasis admitted into Xianyang Hospital of Yan’an University from Dec. 2018 to Jun. 2020 were extracted to be divided into the observation group (55 cases) and the control group (50 cases) via random number table. The control group was treated with fluoxetine hydrochloride capsules, while the observation group received fluoxetine hydrochloride capsules combined with olanzapine tablets. The levels of S100β and BDNF were detected before treatment and after treatment of 8 weeks, depressive symptoms [ Hamilton depression scale ( HAMD)], sleep quality [ Pittsburgh sleep quality index, PSQI) and quality of life [ World Health Organization quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF)] were evaluated. The incidence of adverse drug reactions were recorded. RESULTS: After treatment, the level of S100β in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the level of BDNF was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0. 05). After treatment, Hamilton scale score and PSQI score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, WHOQOL-BREF score and total score were significantly higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). The incidence of adverse drug reactions in the observation group and the control group was respectively 10. 91% (6/55) and 14. 00% ( 7/50), the difference was not statistically significant (P>0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical efficacy of Fluoxetine hydrochloride combined with olanzapine in the treatment of elderly patients with depressive episode and intractable hypochondriasis is significant, which can effectively improve the level of BDNF and reduce the level of S100β. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: To investigate the effects of risperidone, aripiprazole and olanzapine on liver function, blood lipid and cognitive function in children and adolescents with schizophrenia. Methods: 84 cases of children and adolescents with schizophrenia who were admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 were selected. They were randomly divided into aripiprazole group (n=28, aripiprazole treatment), risperidone group (n=28, risperidone treatment), olanzapine group (n=28, olanzapine treatment) by randomly number table method. All patients were treated for 8 weeks. Symptom score, blood lipid, liver function, cognitive function and adverse reactions of the three groups were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in positive and negative symptoms scale (PANSS) scores among the three groups at 8 weeks after treatment (P>0.05), 8 weeks after treatment, the scores of PANSS in the three groups were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), but The levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in olanzapine group and risperidone group at 8 weeks after treatment were higher than those in aripiprazole group, and those in olanzapine group were higher than those in risperidone group (P<0.05). The high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in olanzapine group and risperidone group at 8 weeks after treatment was lower than that in aripiprazole group, and that in olanzapine group was lower than that in risperidone group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of adverse reactions among the three groups (P>0.05). 8 weeks after treatment, the scores of delayed recall, immediate recall, total recall and recognition number in aripiprazole group were higher than those in risperidone group and olanzapine group (P<0.05). 8 weeks after treatment, ALT, AST and TBIL in risperidone group were higher than those before treatment (P<0.05), while ALT, AST and TBIL in risperidone group at 8 weeks after treatment were higher than those in aripiprazole group and olanzapine groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Risperidone, aripiprazole and olanzapine are used in children and adolescents with schizophrenia, they can obtain considerable therapeutic effect. Among them, risperidone has a greater impact on liver function, olanzapine has a greater impact on blood lipid. Aripiprazole has less effect on blood lipid and liver function, and the effect of improving cognitive function is better than risperidone and olanzapine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective　To explore the protective effect and mechanisms of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves （EMO） on olanzapine （OLA） induced metabolic disorders in mice. Method　90 female mice were randomly divided into control group，OLA group （3 mg/kg），positive control drug group （OLA + metformin （MET）， 3 mg/kg + 75 mg/kg），EMO group （EMO-H/M/L. 400/200/100 mg/kg），OLA + EMO group （OLA + EMO-H/M/L， 3 mg/kg + 400/200/100）. Each group was given intragastric administration for 14 days，and weight gain，food and water intake， fasting blood glucose， blood lipid， serum leptin， ghrelin， malondialdehyde （ MDA）， serum peroxidase dismutase （SOD） activity，glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） activity，liver fatty acid synthase （FAS） and adipose differentiation related protein （ ADRP） gene mRNA expression， liver tissue pathology damage were detected. Result　Compared with control group，in OLA group food intake increased significantly （P < 0.01），the contents of FBG，THC，TG and LDL-C，the levels of serum leptin and ghrelin increased significantly （P < 0.05 or P < 0.01），and the expression of liver FAS and ADRP genes was significantly increased （P < 0.01）. Serum SOD and GSH-Px enzyme activities were significantly reduced （P < 0.05），MDA content was significantly increased （P < 0.05），and liver tissue damage was severe. Compared with the OLA group，in OLA + EMO-H / M group food and water intake significantly reduced （P < 0.05 or P < 0.01），body weight gain significantly reduced （P < 0.05 or P < 0.01），serum FBG and THC，TG，and LDL-C levels were significantly reduced （P < 0.05），leptin and ghrelin levels were significantly reduced （P < 0.05）. Liver FAS and ADRP gene mRNA expression was significantly downregulated， serum SOD and GSH-Px enzyme activities were significantly increased （P < 0.05），MDA concentration was significantly reduced （P < 0.05），and liver tissue damage was partially reversed. Compared the Control group， in the EMO group the above indicators were not significantly different. Conclusion　EMO may partially reverse the glucose and lipid metabolism disorder induced by olanzapine. The mechanism is that the antioxidant effect protects the normal functions of tissues and organs，reduces the secretion of leptin and ghrelin，and reduces the symptoms of overeating. In addition，it can protect the cellular function of liver tissue，down-regulate the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis and transport，and reduce the content of blood lipid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

报道1 例神经性厌食症患者使用奥氮平后发生青少年隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病 （LADY）。患者为12岁女孩, 因"体重下降1年余, 血糖升高2个多月"为主诉住院, 检测抗胰岛细胞抗 体、酪氨酸磷酸酶抗体、谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体等多种糖尿病自身抗体为高滴度阳性, 人类白细胞抗原分 型提示为青少年隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病。经胰岛素强化治疗并停用奥氮平后, 单纯二甲双胍治疗 平稳控制血糖已超过半年。进食障碍与自身免疫性糖尿病存在共同的遗传易感性, 使用奥氮平等非 典型抗精神病药物治疗期间, 应密切监测血糖变化, 尤其是对于一些糖尿病自身免疫性抗体阳性或自 身免疫性糖尿病的高危基因型患者, 需警惕糖尿病的发生。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To explore the effects of risperidone, olanzapine and paliperidone on waist circumference and related metabolic indexes in female patients with first-episode schizophrenia (SP). Methods A total of 126 female patients with first-episode SZ were divided into risperidone group (40 cases), olanzapine group (42 cases) and paliperidone group (44 cases), and they were given monotherapy of risperidone, olanzapine and paliperidone for 8w respectively. The positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) score, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and adverse reactions were compared before and after the treatment. Results The factor scores and total score of PANSS in the three groups were significantly decreased after the treatment (P<0.05), and the scores of positive symptoms in olanzapine group were significantly lower than those in risperidone group (P<0.05), and the scores of positive symptoms and negative symptoms and total score in paliperidone group were lower than those in risperidone group and olanzapine group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the general pathology score among the three groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant change in the BMI after the treatment in paliperidone group (P > 0.05), and BMI was significantly increased in olanzapine group and risperidone group after the treatment (P<0.05), and the BMI in olanzapine group was higher than that in risperidone group (P<0.05). The waist circumference in the three groups after the treatment was significantly larger than that before the treatment (P<0.05), and the waist circumference in olanzapine group and risperidone group was larger than that in paliperidone group (P<0.05), and the waist circumference in olanzapine group was larger than that in risperidone group (P<0.05). There was no significant change in FPG after the treatment in risperidone group and paliperidone group (P > 0.05), and the FPG was significantly increased after the treatment in olanzapine group (P<0.05), and there were no significant changes in TG, TC, LDL and HDL in paliperidone group after the treatment (P > 0.05), and the TG, TC and LDL were significantly increased in risperidone group and olanzapine group after the treatment (P<0.05) while the HDL was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The TG, TC and LDL after the treatment in risperidone group and olanzapine group were significantly higher than those in paliperidone group (P<0.05) while the HDL was significantly lower than that in paliperidone group (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in the TG, TC, LDL and HDL between risperidone group and olanzapine group (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of adverse reactions among the three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Risperidone, olanzapine and paliperidone have equal efficacy in the treatment of female patients with first-episode SP, but olanzapine has the greatest effects on waist circumference, BMI and glycolipid metabolism, followed by risperidone and paliperidone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective · To investigate association of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) gene polymorphisms and serum olanzapine concentration. Methods · Key words including "cytochrome P450 CYP1A2", "genetic polymorphism", "antipsychotic", "olanzapine", "schizophrenia", and "serum concentration" were used to search in databases, including SinoMed, Wanfang, Weipu, CNKI, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library. The search period was limited the establishment of the database to February 27th, 2018. STATA/SE 12.0 package was applied to conduct statistical analyses. Results · Four studies with a total of 330 schizophrenic patients were included. In the recessive model of CYP1A2 gene -163C>A SNP, patients with A/A genotype had significantly lower olanzapine concentration/dosage ratio (C/D) than patients with C/C or C/A genotype. Conclusion · A/A homozygote of CYP1A2 gene -163C>A SNP is significantly associated with the decreased olanzapine serum concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) is the property of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To observe the changes in metabolites and metabolic pathways in SD rats after olanzapine treatment. Methods: Twenty female SD rats were randomly assigned to two groups, control group and olanzapine treatment group, respectively. During the treatment period, body weight and food intake of two groups were monitored. At the end of treatment, the liver tissues were collected and LC/MS technique was applied to detect metabolites in liver tissue. Subsequently, the raw data were converted for further analysis on the MetaboAnalysis platform. Results: Short-term olanzapine administration resulted in significant increases in body mass, food intake, and impaired glucose tolerance. Metabonomics results indicated rats olanzapine treatment group had a significantly higher level of primary bile acid and 9-OxoODE (9-oxo-octadecadienoic acid) in liver tissue than those control group. Conclusion: Primary bile acid biosynthesis process is significantly enhanced after short-time olanzapine treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的分析阿立哌唑联合治疗对奥氮平治疗后体重增加的精神分裂症患者脂联素和瘦素水平的影响。方法选取2017年2月至2018年2月该院收治的经奥氮平治疗后体重增加的精神分裂症患者84例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组42例。对照组给予含淀粉模拟片治疗,观察组给予阿立哌唑治疗。比较2组患者治疗后血脂、血糖、胰岛素抵抗指数、体重指数(BMI)、脂联素和瘦素水平变化。结果观察组患者治疗8、12周三酰甘油、总胆固醇、空腹血糖、胰岛素抵抗指数、瘦素、BMI水平均明显低于对照组,脂联素均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对奥氮平治疗后体重增加的精神分裂症患者联合阿立哌唑治疗,有利于调节脂联素和瘦素水平,改善血脂、血糖代谢紊乱,降低BMI,提高疗效。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 分析精神分裂症患者采用奥氮平联合利培酮治疗的临床疗效及其对患者认知功能的影响。 方法 随机将该院2015年9月至2018年2月收治的90例精神分裂症患者分为2组，将单独采用奥氮平治疗的患者归为对照组（n=45），将采用奥氮平联合利培酮治疗的患者归为观察组（n=45），对比2组临床疗效、阴性和阳性症状量表（PANSS）、威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST）结果。 结果 观察组治疗后完成分类数、正确次数评分高于对照组，随机错误数、持续错误数评分低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组治疗总有效率为95.56%，高于对照组的77.78%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.126 2，P<0.05）；观察组治疗后的PANSS量表总评分、一般病理评分、阴性症状评分与阳性症状评分均低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 精神分裂症患者采用奥氮平联合利培酮治疗的临床疗效显著，有利于改善患者的认知功能。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the last decade, olanzapine became widely used in mental health service worldwide even after being criticized for its metabolic side effects. Patients with schizophrenia on olanzapine were usually found to stay on their medications longer than the other second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) except clozapine. The reason for this is unknown. Objective: This prospective study compared the influences of olanzapine and other SGAs except clozapine on improving insight and medication discontinuation rate in schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 148 patients with schizophrenia medically indicated for initiation of treatment with olanzapine or other SGAs were evaluated for symptoms, insight, attitudes toward medication, side effects, body weight and fasting lipid and glucose parameters at admission and before discharge, and follow-up calls one-year after discharge documented whether they were regularly taking prescribed psychotropic medication or not. Results: After an average of 72.8 days of inpatient treatment, the olanzapine and other SGAs group exhibited similar levels of symptom improvement with an average reduction of 28.7 in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score. The Olanzapine group exhibited better improvement in insight assessed using the G12 item of PANSS and Insight and Treatment Attitudes Questionnaire (ITAQ), more metabolic side effects indexed with total cholesterol, triglycerides levels and weight gain, and a lower medication discontinuation rate than the other SGAs group. Conclusion: Although general symptom improvement was similar, olanzapine significantly improved insight and presented less medication discontinuation compared to other SGAs, which might partially explain why patients on olanzapine stayed longer on their medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the off-label medication in prescriptions of Olanzapine tablets in treatment of sleep disorder, to conduct evaluation on the off-label medication with evidence-based medicine. METHODS: To collect 60 164 prescriptions of Olanzapine tablets in outpatient and inpatient in Xiamen Xianyue Hospital (hereinafter referred to as “our hospital”) , Cochrane database was inquired, the results were screened and analyzed according to preset criteria, so as to judge il the off-label medication of Olanzapine tablets in treatment of sleep disorder was under enough evidence-based. RESULTS: Among the 60 164 prescriptions with application of olanzapine, of which 1 101 ( 1.83% ) were off-label prescription in treatment of sleep disorder. Among the 1 101 prescriptions, the average age of patients was (46.9 ± 17.3); most people aged ≥18-70; 776 prescriptions with single application of olanzapine in treatment of sleep disorder, 325 were combined application of 5-hydroxytryplamine and inhibitor-like antidepressants. Alter summarizing and analyzing the 9 studies with olanzapine in the treatment of sleep disorder retrieved from CENTRAL database, all subjects were applied with polysomnography; subjects, researches and reviewers were influenced little in trials and evaluation, so that the bias was considered to be low in the bias and risk judging. CONCLUSIONS: The off-label medication of olanzapine in our hospital is common, to evaluate it with evidence-based method can train scientific thinking for pharmacists and promote clinical rational medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective · To investigate the effect of metformin on insulin resistance (IR)-related metabolic parameters in olanzapine-bearing rats. Methods · Thirty female SD rats were randomly divided into metformin intervention group, olanzapine group and control group. During the first 6 weeks, 5 mg /(kg·d) olanzapine was given to the two test groups . The control group was given the same amount of saline. From the 7th week, the intervention group began to combine with metformin 500 mg / (kg·d), while the olanzapine group combined with the same amount of saline, continuing for 4 weeks. At the end of 6th week and 10th week, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance and homeostasis model assessment IR index were assessed. Results · The area under the glucose tolerance curve (P=0.040) and the IR index (P=0.000) were significantly higher for the intervention group and the olanzapine group than the control group at the end of 6th week. At the 10th weekend, the glucose tolerance (p=O.015) and IR index in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the olanzapine group (P=O.OOl). Conclusion · Metformin may rectify the impaired glucose tolerance and improve IR induced by olanzapine partly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of venlafaxine combined with cognitive behavior therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) combined with depression and cognitive dysfunction. Methods: Sixty Parkinson'spatients with depression and cognitive dysfunction in our hospital were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (treated with venlafaxine alone), venlafaxine combined with olanzapine, venlafaxine combined with cognitive behavior therapy group, 20 cases in each group. The degree of depression was assessed by Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD) before and at 4 and 8 weeks after the treatment, The degree of cognitive dysfunction was assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)and event-related potentials P300 before and at 4 and 8 weeks after the treatments Results: At 4 and 8 weeks after treatment, the HAMD scores of three groups were decreased to different degrees than those before treatment, P300 latency was shorter than those before treatment, P300 amplitude and MMSE scores were increased to different degrees (P<0.05). The HAMD scores of combined olanzapine group and combined cognitive behavior therapy group were significantly lower than that of the control group. The latency of P300 were significantly shorter than that of the control group, and the P300 amplitude and MMSE score were significantly increased (P<0.05). The HAMD score of combined cognitive behavior group was significantly lower than that of the olanzapine group, the P300 latency was shortened, the P300 amplitude and MMSE score were significantly increased (P<0.05). There was no special adverse reactions in the three groups. Conclusion: Venlafaxine combined with cognitive behavior therapy was effective in the treatment of PD relted depression and cognitive dysfunction, it could significantly improve the symptoms of depression, cognitive function and was superior to venlafaxine or venlafaxine combined with olanzapine treatment with high safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the clinical effect on memantine combined olanzapine to treat the behavioral and psy chological symptoms of patients with Alzheimer′s disease. Methods According to random number table,120 cases of the behavioral and psychological symptoms patients with Alzheimer′s disease from April 2013 to December 2014 in Department of Geriatrics,the Mental Health center of Chongqing were divided into three groups,memantine treatment group(group A),olanzapine treatment group(group B),olanzapine combined memantine treatment group(group C),40 cases in each group. Before the treatment and at2,4,8,12 weeks during therapy,the behavioral pathology in Alzheimer′s disease rating scale(BEHAVE-AD) and Montreal cognitive assessment(MOCA)were used to evaluate curative effect,treatment emergent symptom scale(TESS)to evaluate drug adverse reactions. Results The BEHAVE-AD score in among three groups at 2,4,8,12 weeks during therapy were lower than those before the treatment,the differences were statistically significant(P< 0.05);at 2,4,8,12 weeks during therapy,the reducing score rate of BEHAVE-AD score in group A compared with group B,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The MOCA score in group A,C at 12 weeks during therapy compared with that before the treatment,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),but group B was no statistically significant(P>0.05); The MOCA score in group A at 12 weeks during therapy compared with group C,the difference was no statistically significant(P>0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in group A,C were obviously lower than group B,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);but group A compared with group C,the difference was no statistically significant(P > 0. 05). Conclusion Treatments by memantine combined olanzapine can quickly and effectively control the behavioral and psychological symptoms of patients with Alzheimer ′s disease,improve cognitive function and have less adverse reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the effects of olanzapine combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or modified electric convulsive (MECT) therapy on schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 84 cases of patients with schizophrenia were collected and divided into the olanzapine plus MECT (n=42) and the olanzapine plus rTMS group (n=42). The positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate the efficacy at the end of 2nd, 4th and 8th week after treatment. The adverse reactions Scale (TESS) was introduced to evaluate the adverse reactions. The cognitive function was evaluated with Weschler Memory Scale (WMS) and Wisconsin Card Test (WCST). Results: There was no significant difference in the total effective rate, total score of PANSS, positive symptoms, negative symptoms and general pathological symptoms between MECT and rTMS group (P>0.05). But the total score of PANSS, positive symptoms, negative symptoms and general pathological symptoms were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01) after treatment. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between rTMS and MECT group (P>0.05). However, the cognition was obviously ameliorated following treatment with olanzapine plus rTMS or MECT (P<0.05, P<0.01). and higher improvement in memory and execution capacity was observed in olanzapine plus rTMS groups, when compared with olanzapine plus MECT group (P<0.05). Conclusions: The combined application of olanzapine with rTMS or MECT had the similar efficacy in the treatment of schizophrenia, but the former exhibited the higher therapeutic effect on the improvement of cognitive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of gender, age, dose and drug combination on steady-state plasma concentration in patients with olanzapine, so as to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS: Basic information such as gender, age, dose, drug combination and blood concentration in patients with olanzapine were collected from Brain Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University from Feb. to Jul. 2018. Statistical analysis was performed on the data by using SPSS 16.0. RESULTS: Multiple linear regression showed that gender, age, and dose only explained 26.6% of the changes in olanzapine concentration. The serum drug concentration/dosage ration (C/D) of females were higher than that of males. There was no significant difference among different age groups. Drug combination of sodium valproate could significantly reduce the plasma concentration of olanzapine in patients, and the effects of clozapine on plasma concentration of olanzapine still need to be further studied. CONCLUSIONS: Olanzapine has a large difference in pharmacokinetics among individuals, and the influencing factors of blood concentration are complex. Patients are recommended to perform routine drug monitoring. The clinicians should adjust the drug dosage according to the blood concentration and clinical efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the changes in osteocalcin (BGP) and β-Cross Laps (β-CROSSL) in schizophrenia patients treated with olanzapine or risperidone and to study potential factors that influences bone metabolism. Methods A total of 90 schizophrenic patients aged 18-40 years were included in the study. Among them 45 patients were treated with olanzapine and 45 patients were treated with risperidone for at least 6 months. Forty-five healthy volunteers acted as normal controls. Serum prolactin (PRL), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), high density lipoprotein( HDL),lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL), sex hormone, glucose (GLU), insulin (INS), BGP, β-CROSSL were measured in all subjects. Results (1) Compared with the normal controls, both BGP and β-CROSSL were increased in patients treated with olanzapine and risperidone (P < 0. 05), whereas there was no significant differences in the levels of BGP and β-CROSSL between the olanzapine and risperidone group (P > 0. 05). (2) Medication time, LDL and GLU were negatively associated with serum BGP levels,and INS and testosterone were positively associated with serum BGP levels; antipsychotics and medication time were positively associated with serum β-CROSSL levels, and LDL, GLU and E2 were negatively associated with serum β-CROSSL levels. Conclusion Our study showed that bone turnover rate significantly increased in patients treated with olanzapine and risperidone, and abnormalities of glucose and lipid metabolism in patients treated with atypical antipsychotics may be one of the risk factors of osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the effects of ranitidine on the glucose and lipid metabolism level and body mass of patients with olanzapine in treatment of schizophrenia. METHODS: 120 patients with schizophrenia admitted into Guangzhou Civil Affairs Bureau Psychiatric Hospital from Apr.2014 to Feb., 2015 were selected to be divided into observation group and control group via the random number table, with 60 cases in each. The observation group were treated with oral olanzapine and ranitidine while the control group received oral olanzapine and placebo. Followed up for 24 weeks, the changes of body mass, blood glucose and blood lipid before and after treatment were observed; the efficacy and adverse reactions in two groups were compared. RESULTS: After treatment of 12 weeks, in control group, the fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were respectively (8.11 ± 1.63) mmol / L, (4.96 ± 0.74) mmol / L, (1.81 ± 0.67) mmol / L and (2.71 ± 1.01) mmol / L, after treatment of 24 weeks, the data were respectively (9.34 ± 1.93) mmol / L, (5.49 ± 0.98) mmol / L, (2.59 ± 0.72) mmol / L and (3.34 ± 1.06) mmol / L, compared with before treatment (6.71 ± 1.42) mmol / L, (4.54 ± 0.39) mmol / L, (1.34 ± 0.54) mmol/L and (2.17 ± 0.42) mmol/L, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment of 12 weeks, in observation group, the FBG, TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were respectively (6.92 ± 1.41) mmol / L, (4.71 ± 0.52) mmol / L, (1.41 ± 0.43) mmol / L, (1.42 ± 0.53) mmol / L and (2.27 ± 0.52) mmol / L; and aftertreatment of 24 weeks, the data was (7.12 ± 1.63) mmol / L, (4.82 ± 0.55) mmol / L, (1.52 ± 0.46) mmol / L, (1.46 ± 0.54) mmol / L and (2.38 ± 0.64) mmol / L, significantly higher than that of before treatment (6.67 ± 1.38) mmol / L, (4.67 ± 0.41) mmol/L, (1.32 ± 0.37) mmol/L, (1.38 ± 0.40) mmol/L and (2.11 ± 0.35) mmol/L, the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). After treatment of 12 and 24 weeks, the waist, body mass and body mass indicators of control group increased significantly compared with before treatment, with statistical significance (P <0.05); while in observation group, the data were slightly higher than those before treatment, the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The total effective rate of control group was 80.00% (48 /50), and observation group was 83.33% (50 /60), the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The incidence of adverse drug reactions in control group was 21.67% (13 /60), and in observation group was 25.00% (15 /60), the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ranitidine can effectively control the glucose and lipid metabolism level of patients with schizophrenia, avoid the abnormal increase of body mass; meanwhile, the effects are remarkable with safe medication. It is worthy of clinical application and promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To probe into efficacy of risperidon combined with olanzapine in treatment of schizophrenia and its effects on cognitive function. METHODS: 130 patients with schizophrenia admitted into Shenzhen Longhua District Control and Prevention Center for Chronic Diseases from Aug. 2017 to Jun. 2018 were selected and divided into observation group via random number table, with 65 cases in each. The control group was treated with risperidon, while the observation group was given risperidon combined with olanzapine. The improvement of cognitive function, clinical efficacy and incidences adverse drug reactions of both groups were observed. RESULTS: After treatment, the average scores of clinical memory scale of observation group and control group were respectively (91.35 ± 7.86) points and (80.26 ±9.58) points, which were significantly higher than those of before treatment, and that of observation group was significantly higher than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P <0.05); the total effective rate of observation group was 93.85% (61/65), which was significantly higher than that of the control group (81.54%, 53/ 65), with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The incidences of adverse drug reactions of observation and control were respectively 12.31% (8/65) and 9.23% (6/65), the difference had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of risperidon combined with olanzapine in treatment of schizophrenia is remarkable, which can improve patients’ cognitive function, with few adverse drug reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的对比探讨阿立哌唑与奥氮平治疗Ⅱ型精神分裂症的临床疗效。方法选取该院2016 年8 月至2017 年8 月收 治的Ⅱ型精神分裂症患者80 例作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组，每组40 例。对照组使用奥氮平治疗，观 察组使用阿立哌唑治疗，比较两组患者阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）评分、治疗有效率和不良反应。结果两组患者PANSS 阳性症 状、阴性症状、一般病理评分及治疗有效率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；观察组患者不良反应发生率显著低于对照组，差异有 统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论阿立哌唑与奥氮平在治疗Ⅱ型精神分裂症的临床疗效相当，但阿立哌唑的不良反应更少，安全性更高， 值得临床推广。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective　To learn the effect of change in serum lipids caused by olanzapine on bone turnover markers in patients with schizophrenia．Methods 　Eight－four １８ －４０ －year－old schizophrenic patients were included．They were divided into ２ groups： ４４ schizophrenic patients who took olanzapine for at least ６ months （olanzapine group） and ４０ patients who had never take any antipsychotics （first－episode schizophrenia group）．The demographic factors and clinical symptoms were recorded．Serum triglyceride （TG）， cholesterol （CHOL）， high density lipoprotein （HDL）， Low density lipoprotein （LDL）， osteocalcin （BGP）， and β－CROSSL were measured．Results　（１） Compared to those in the first－episode schizophrenic group， BMI， CHOL， LDL， β－CROSSL， and BGP increased， but HDL decreased in olanzapine group （P ＜０．０５）．（２） CHOL and HDL were negatively correlated with β－CROSSL （r ＝－０．２４４， －０．２４６， respectively， P ＜０．０５）．CHOL was negatively correlated with BGP （r ＝－０．３１５， P ＜０．０１）．BGP was positively correlated with β－CROSSL （r ＝０．４６１， P ＜０．０１）．（３） Multiple stepwise regression showed that the change of β－CROSSL was determined by CHOL and HDL （R２ C ＝４．８％， ４．９％）， and the change of BGP was determined by CHOL （R２ C ＝８．８％）．Conclusion　The change in serum lipids caused by olanzapine closely correlates with bone turnover rate．The change in circulating lipid levels （mainly CHOL） may affect bone metabolism mainly by changing the bone turnover markers． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【目的】 了解小剂量奥氮平对盐酸度洛西汀疗效及恶心、呕吐副反应的发生率和严重程度的影响。【方法】 将2009年1月至2012年10月来我科就诊的诊断为抑郁症或躯体形式障碍患者共268例,随机分为单用盐酸度洛西汀组(165例,其中抑郁症112例,躯体形式障碍43例)与盐酸度洛西汀联合使用小剂量奥氮平组(103例,其中抑郁症72例,躯体形式障碍31例)组,在治疗2周末和4周末采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评估疗效,在治疗2周末采用治疗副反应量表(TESS)评估患者在消化道副反应发生率和严重程度上的差异。【结果】 在治疗2周末和4周末,联合用药组疗效要明显优于单用度洛西汀组,两组比较有统计学差异(P < 0.05)。在治疗2周末,小剂量奥氮平组在恶心及呕吐的副反应发生率上要低于单用盐酸度洛西汀组,差值有统计学意义(P < 0.05);不同剂量水平奥氮平之间在恶心呕吐副反应发生率上未见统计学差异(P > 0.05);奥氮平的止呕作用对所有患者均起作用。【结论】 小剂量奥氮平有助于提高盐酸度洛西汀疗效并降低盐酸度洛西汀的恶心呕吐副反应发生率且不增加药物整体副反应水平。

OBJECTIVE： To probe into effects of intervention of metformin on abnormal glucolipid metabolism and body mass gaining caused by olanzapine among schizophrenics. METHODS: 116 patients with schizophrenia from Feb. 2015 to Apr. 2016 were selected and divided into observation group and control group via random number table, with 58 patients each group. The control goup was treated with olanzapine alone, and the observation goup was treated with metformin intervention based on olanzapine. Both two groups of patients were treated for 16 weeks, and the benzodiazepines can be transiently given to the insomniacs during the treatment. The incidence of adverse reactions such as nausea, blood glucose rise and dizziness were compared between two groups. And the difference of fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, tracylglycerol, body mass index and the quality of life before and after treatment were compared between two groups. RESULTS： The incidence of nausea，blood glucose rise and dizziness of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group，with statistically significant difference (P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in fasting plasma glucoss，total cholesterol，triacylglycerol and body mass index between the two groups before treatment (P > 0. 05); After treatment，the fasting plasma glucose，total cholesterol，tracylglycerol and body mass index showed no significant changes in obseration group， while all increased in control group， with statistically significant difference (P <0. 05). There was no significant difference in quality of life between the two groups before treatment (P >0. 05). After treatment，the quality of life of obseration group was significantly better than that of control group，with statistically significant diference (P <0. 05). CONCLUSIONS： The metformin can effectively reduce the incidence of abnormal gluco lipid metabolism and body mass gaining caused by olanzapine among schizophrenics, stabilize the gluco lipid metabolism level and body mass, and refrain patients from the risks of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease caused by body mass gaining and glucolipid level rise, improve the quality of life of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【目的】比较阿立哌唑与奥氮平对首发年轻成人精神分裂症患者短期内的代谢风险【方法】 采用开放对照的临床观察方法,对符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)精神分裂症诊断标准的首发住院精神分裂症患者,分别使用阿立哌唑(21例)和奥氮平(42例)治疗,自然观察时间不低于2周,不大于4周,于治疗前后各检测一次体质量腰围空腹血脂血糖及胰岛素C肽【结果】 观察结束时:阿立哌唑组的体质量体质量指数(BMI)腰围腰臀比均有增高(P < 0.05),糖脂改变无统计学差异,男女患者间各项代谢指标的变化无统计学差异(P > 0.05);奥氮平组的体质量体质量指数(BMI)腰围腰臀比甘油三酯(TG)总胆固醇(TC)高密度脂蛋白(HDL)低密度脂蛋白(LDL)载脂蛋白AI和B100及脂蛋白LPa较治疗前增高(P < 0.01),且胰岛素(INS)水平和胰岛素抵抗指数(IR)增高(P < 0.05),多元逐步回归分析显示胰岛素抵抗与甘油三脂的增高有关(R2 = 0.107,P = 0.007);奥氮平组男性患者的空腹胰岛素和C肽胰岛素抵抗指数均增高(P < 0.05),女性患者则没有【结论】阿立哌唑和奥氮平对首发年轻成人精神分裂症患者短期内的代谢风险即有差异,性别差异可能影响着非典型抗精神病药物的代谢风险

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Copyright of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies is the property of Editorial Department of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

目的：评价丙戊酸钠联合奥氮平对阿尔茨海默病患者精神障碍的治疗作用。方法选取2010年5月至2016年1月该院收治的58例阿尔茨海默病患者作为研究对象，并将其分为对照组和观察组，各29例。观察组患者采用丙戊酸钠联合奥氮平进行治疗，对照组单用奥氮平进行治疗，采用双盲试验治疗2周后，观察两组的治疗效果。通过简明精神病评定量表（BPRS）对两组患者精神症状进行评分，并进行对比分析。结果第1周末，观察组的总有效率为75.86%（22/29），对照组的总有效率为44.83%（13/29），二者比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组患者治疗第1、2周末BPRS评分与治疗前比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；对照组在治疗第2周末与治疗前比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论丙戊酸钠联合奥氮平能更好、更快地控制阿尔茨海默病患者的精神症状，值得临床推广。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To contrastively observe the clinical effects of different methods in treating the psychological and behavioral symptoms in the patients with Alzheimer′s disease (AD) to provide the reference for the clinical treatment. Methods 138 patients with AD in our hospital from February 2014 to February 2015 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the group A, B and C, 46 cases in each group. The group A adopted the antipsychotic drug olanzapine treatment, the group B adopted the donepezil treatment and the group C was given the combined therapy of olanzapine and donepezil. The clinical effect, scores of dementia pathological behaviors and adverse reactions, and family members′ satisfaction on treatment were performed the contrastive analysis. Results There were no statistical differences between the group A and B in the aspects of clinical effect, scores of dementia pathological behaviors and adverse reactions, and family members′ satisfaction on treatment (P>0.05); but the clinical effect and the family members′total satisfaction on treatment in the group C were significantly higher than those in the group A and B group, while the scores of dementia pathological behaviors and the adverse reactions were lower than those in the group A and B, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Adopting the combined therapy of antipsychotic drug olanzapine and donepezi for treating the mental behavior symptoms of AD patients can significantly improve the clinical treatment effect and family members′satisfaction on treatment, has higher safety and deserves to be clinically promoted and applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]