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Researchers at Erciyes University conducted a study on patients infected with Achromobacter species over a ten-year period. The study included 154 patients with a median age of 54, where 68% were male. The majority of Achromobacter species were isolated from abscess and wound samples, with a 12% mortality rate within 28 days. The research highlighted the high resistance rates of quinolones and cephalosporins in treating Achromobacter infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Taichung Veterans General Hospital conducted a study on the antimicrobial susceptibility of Achromobacter species isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs). The study found that UTIs caused by Achromobacter species are uncommon and primarily affect elderly individuals with underlying conditions such as urological abnormalities and malignancies. The research highlighted the challenges in managing these infections due to high antibiotic resistance and recurrence rates, with piperacillin-tazobactam being a potential treatment option. The study concluded that UTIs caused by Achromobacter species require careful consideration and appropriate antibiotic therapy. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Istanbul University conducted a study on the effectiveness of cefiderocol, a new antibiotic, against Achromobacter spp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates in vitro, both alone and in combination with other antibiotics. The research found that cefiderocol displayed potent activity against S. maltophilia and Achromobacter spp., with the highest susceptibility rate and lowest MIC values. The study suggests that cefiderocol, along with levofloxacin and colistin, could be used as an alternative treatment for infections caused by these pathogens, highlighting the need for further investigations into cefiderocol's role in treating these infections. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by George Washington University examined the accuracy of PCR tests for diagnosing whooping cough caused by Bordetella pertussis. The study compared commercial laboratory assays using IS481 as a molecular target with a multiplex PCR assay from the CDC that can differentiate Bordetella species. The results showed an 85% agreement between the tests, indicating that PCR tests using IS481 are reliable for diagnosing pertussis, although they cannot differentiate non-pertussis Bordetella species. The research highlights the importance of understanding the limitations of PCR testing for pertussis. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Osaka University have identified lonidamine as a novel modulator for the BvgAS system of Bordetella species, which cause respiratory diseases in mammals. Lonidamine was found to inactivate the BvgAS system at low concentrations, potentially providing a therapeutic measure for Bordetella infections. This research sheds light on the structural requirements for BvgAS modulators and the role of Bvg phenotypes in infection establishment. The study was supported by various funding sources and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Shijiazhuang, China, focused on the molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of 62 Bordetella pertussis isolates from children. The research highlighted the increase in pertussis cases despite immunization efforts, emphasizing the need for a reevaluation of immunization strategies and the development of novel vaccines to combat the resurgence and medication resistance of pertussis. The study identified specific molecular types linked to antimicrobial resistance and suggested that selection pressure from antibiotics and immunization may be driving the evolution of Bordetella pertussis strains in China. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Basel Children's Hospital conducted a study on Bordetella pertussis, focusing on the increase in pertactin-deficient isolates in countries using acellular pertussis vaccines. The research highlighted the potential impact of pertactin deficiency on pertussis prevention and proposed actions to improve surveillance and public health strategies. The study emphasized the need for further assessment of the clinical significance of pertactin deficiency and its implications for vaccine effectiveness. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the discovery of a novel TRAP SBP from the TAXI subfamily in the human pathogen Bordetella pertussis. This protein, BP0403, is a predicted lipoprotein with unique structural features and forms a stable dimer. It binds L-glutamate with high affinity and is co-localized with gltS, encoding a Na+/glutamate symporter, suggesting a new class of SBP-dependent secondary active transporter. Structural comparisons indicate that GltS operates by an elevator-type mechanism, similar to TRAP transporters. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the National University La Plata in Argentina conducted a study on Bordetella pertussis, focusing on the efficacy of a vaccine prototype using outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) to reduce nasal bacterial colonization after infection. The study evaluated different mucosal administration strategies in a murine model, showing that heterologous schemes induced higher levels of specific antibodies and cytokines compared to homologous schemes. The use of OMVs significantly outperformed acellular pertussis vaccines in reducing bacterial colonization in the upper respiratory tract. The findings suggest that mucosal vaccination with OMVs derived from Bordetella pertussis could be a promising strategy for reducing nasal colonization and improving vaccine efficacy against whooping cough. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the role of a highly conserved sRNA, S17, in regulating gene expression in the virulence mode of Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. The sRNA, S17, is shown to downregulate multiple genes, including a sigma54 transcriptional activator, in the Bvg+ mode of the bacteria. This research sheds light on the post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanisms in B. pertussis and suggests a highly conserved process that fine-tunes gene expression in related bacteria. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the Universidad Autonoma de Chile have discovered a new exopolysaccharide produced by Pseudomonas alcaligenes Med1 from a Chilean hot spring. The EPS demonstrated high thermal stability and functional properties suitable for the food industry, including antioxidant and emulsification activities. This research highlights the potential of the EPS as a biotechnological additive for the food-processing industry. [Extracted from the article]

The article explores the interplay of virulence factors and signaling molecules in Bordetella bronchiseptica, a respiratory pathogen that can cause chronic infections in various mammals, including humans. Biofilm formation by B. bronchiseptica is regulated by the BvgAS two-component system, with albumin and calcium inhibiting biofilm formation through different mechanisms. The study enhances understanding of the complex mechanisms governing biofilm formation in B. bronchiseptica and its modulation by host factors. The preprint has not been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into the pathogen's behavior. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the National University of La Plata in Argentina have conducted a study on Bordetella bronchiseptica, a pathogenic bacterium causing respiratory infections in mammals. The study focused on the BvgR gene, which regulates virulence-related phenotypes in the bacterium. Findings suggest that BvgR plays a role in inhibiting biofilm formation and flagellin expression, while also upregulating genes associated with the type three secretion system. The research indicates that a B. bronchiseptica strain deficient in BvgR exhibited reduced cytotoxicity, elicited a milder immune response, and had decreased ability to persist in the lower respiratory tract of mice. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the immune response to Bordetella pertussis (BP) vaccines, comparing whole-cell (wP) and acellular (aP) vaccines. It highlights the importance of Th1 polarization in vaccine-induced memory T cell responses and suggests that stimulating the interferon pathway during vaccination could enhance protection against infection. The study emphasizes the potential benefits of maintaining Th1 polarization in vaccine responses for better immunity. The research is available as a preprint and has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Tulane University School of Medicine focused on Bordetella pertussis, the bacterium responsible for whooping cough. Researchers developed an intranasal vaccine combining aP antigens with a novel adjuvant called T-vant, which showed promising results in eliminating the bacteria in the respiratory tract of mice. The study suggests that further investigation into mucosal adjuvants like T-vant could enhance the effectiveness of future pertussis vaccines. [Extracted from the article]

A study from the University of Maryland explores the role of interferon lambda in Bordetella pertussis infections. The research suggests that interferon lambda exacerbates inflammation in infected mice and inhibits antibacterial functions of neutrophils, leading to increased lung bacterial burden and inflammation. The study highlights the impact of pertussis toxin on neutrophil function and its role in enhancing type III interferon signaling, ultimately hindering the clearance of B. pertussis during infection. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Indonesia examined the seroprevalence of pertussis (whooping cough) in children aged 1-14 years. The study found that the seroprevalence of pertussis was high, especially in children aged 5-14 years. The most influential factor towards pertussis seropositivity was low maternal education. The researchers suggest that children with low-educated mothers should be targeted for strengthening complete vaccination coverage and disease control. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from researchers at the University of British Columbia discusses the findings on Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. The report highlights the differences between acellular and whole-cell pertussis vaccines, with the latter being more effective at preventing colonization and transmission but also more reactogenic. The researchers focused on modifying the lipid A moiety of B. pertussis lipooligosaccharide (LOS) to create an adjuvant strain that could potentially improve the effectiveness of current vaccines and reduce reactogenicity. The study's findings pave the way for the development of less reactogenic whole-cell vaccines and more effective immunization strategies against pertussis. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Hangzhou Children's Hospital in China investigated the relationship between the cycle threshold (Ct) value and clinical presentation in children with pertussis. The Ct value, which indicates the pathogen load, was found to be positively correlated with age and inversely correlated with the length of stay, indicating disease severity. Logistic regression analyses showed that both the Ct value and white blood cell count were independently associated with the severity of pertussis. The researchers concluded that real-time PCR Ct values at initial diagnosis may potentially predict severe disease outcomes in children. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Qingdao University in China provides new insights into the degradation of glyphosate, a widely used herbicide. The study isolated a strain of Pseudomonas alcaligenes, which was capable of completely degrading glyphosate within 7 days. The researchers identified key genes involved in glyphosate degradation and found that the breaking of the C-N bond was primarily catalyzed by glycine oxidase. This research offers valuable information on the mechanisms of glyphosate degradation and provides potential resources for future applications. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by investigators at Capital Medical University in Beijing, China, aimed to evaluate the role of different Bordetella species in the resurgence of pertussis in China. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children with pertussis-like illness from January 2018 to March 2024 and tested for the presence of B. pertussis, B. parapertussis, B. holmesii, and B. bronchiseptica. The results showed that B. pertussis was the predominant pathogen, with sporadic detection of B. parapertussis and no detection of B. holmesii or B. bronchiseptica. The study also found an increase in pertussis cases among preschool and school-age children, which may be associated with the recent escalation of pertussis outbreaks. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic discusses the immune-subversive activities of the pertussis and adenylate cyclase toxins produced by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, which causes whooping cough. The adenylate cyclase toxin disrupts host defense mechanisms by hijacking cellular signaling pathways and inhibiting the differentiation of inflammatory monocytes into bactericidal macrophages. This toxin also downregulates the expression of receptors involved in iron acquisition, allowing the bacterium to evade host immune responses and proliferate in the airway mucosa. The research suggests a new mechanism by which B. pertussis evades host phagocytes. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from West Virginia University have conducted a study on Bordetella pertussis, the bacterium responsible for whooping cough. The study focused on the use of the mature C-terminal domain of filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) as a novel vaccine antigen. The researchers found that the FHA antigen, when conjugated to virus-like particles, was more immunogenic and provided improved protection against B. pertussis infection in mice. These findings support the use of this vaccine platform for the development of vaccines against B. pertussis and other pathogens. The research has been peer-reviewed and published in Infection and Immunity. [Extracted from the article]

The article outlines recent research from the French Public Health Agency on Bordetella pertussis, revealing a resurgence of the disease in France in 2024. Topics include the increase in pertussis cases and the identification of a macrolide-resistant Bordetella pertussis isolate, the prevalence of specific bacterial proteins such as pertactin and FIM2, and the potential impact of this resurgence on vaccine and treatment strategies.

A recent report from the Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon in Monterrey, Mexico, explores the impact of different antibiotics on biofilm eradication in clinical isolates of Achromobacter, Burkholderia, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The study found that biofilm eradication required higher drug concentrations compared to planktonic cells. Levofloxacin showed biofilm eradication activity in S. maltophilia, while minocycline and meropenem were effective against Burkholderia, and meropenem was effective against Achromobacter. The research suggests that certain antibiotics could be used for the treatment of biofilm-associated infections in this population. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Nanyang Institute of Technology in China have published new data on Alcaligenes faecalis, a type of bacteria involved in the treatment of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater. The study isolated 25 strains of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) bacteria from a landfill leachate biochemical treatment system. Two strains, Bacillus subtilis F4 and Alcaligenes faecalis P4, showed good tolerance to ammonia nitrogen concentrations and demonstrated high removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand. The study also detected specific genes related to nitrogen metabolism in both strains. The findings provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the practical application of HN-AD bacteria in wastewater treatment. [Extracted from the article]

According to a report by Fact.MR, the global Pertussis Treatment Market is projected to reach a value of US$ 5.3 billion by 2034, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.4%. Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is an infectious respiratory disease caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacteria. The rising prevalence of whooping cough has led to a high demand for innovative and effective pertussis therapeutic solutions. Drug manufacturers are investing in research and development efforts to develop new antibiotics and treatment protocols. Combination therapies and personalized medication are also expected to offer enhanced treatment outcomes and growth opportunities in the market. [Extracted from the article]

A retrospective case series study conducted at Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital in Chiayi, Taiwan, examined the clinical characteristics, management strategies, and outcomes of patients with Alcaligenes faecalis pneumonia. A.faecalis is a gram-negative, nonfermenting bacterium that is resistant to many antibiotics. The study found that eight patients had A.faecalis pneumonia, with a mean age of 70 years. While most patients had a satisfactory clinical outcome with appropriate antibiotic therapy, fatal cases of pneumonia have been reported in the literature. The study highlights the need for effective treatment options for A.faecalis pneumonia, particularly in cases of extensive drug resistance. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center explores the role of eosinophils in bacterial immunomodulation and persistence. Traditionally, eosinophils have been associated with parasitic infections and pathological diseases, but recent research suggests a more complex role for these cells in maintaining mucosal homeostasis. The study focuses on Bordetella spp., particularly Bordetella bronchiseptica, and its interaction with eosinophils. The findings reveal that Bordetella manipulates eosinophils to enhance pathogen persistence and delay adaptive immune responses. This research offers potential avenues for developing novel therapeutics targeting respiratory and other mucosal pathogens. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Pasteur Institute in France has found a transient reemergence of Bordetella parapertussis, the bacteria responsible for whooping cough, in the country in 2022. This peak in detection was observed between March and October 2022 and was characterized by the presence of the vaccine antigen pertactin in the bacterial isolates collected. The researchers hypothesize that this reemergence may be due to the reintroduction of the bacteria from regions where whole-cell vaccines are still in use. Further research is needed to understand the implications of this finding. [Extracted from the article]

According to a preprint abstract, researchers have found that the Bordetella pertussis bacterium, which causes whooping cough in humans, and the Bordetella bronchiseptica bacterium, which infects various mammalian species, both use a type III secretion system (T3SS) to deliver the effector protein BteA into host cells. Once injected, BteA triggers a cascade of events that leads to cell death. The researchers discovered that BteA disrupts calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial function, resulting in host cell death. This research has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania has found that the bacterium Alcaligenes faecalis may have potential in promoting the healing of diabetic wounds. Chronic wounds are a common complication of diabetes, and this research focused on investigating the mechanisms by which A. faecalis promotes wound healing. The study found that A. faecalis treatment accelerated healing in diabetic wounds by promoting reepithelialization, a crucial process for proper healing. This discovery could pave the way for the development of microbiota-based interventions for diabetic wound healing. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the evolutionary parallelisms between Bordetella parapertussis (Bpp) and Bordetella pertussis (Bp), two pathogens that contribute to whooping cough. The study examines the temporal evolution of Bpp sublineages by sequencing 242 Bpp isolates collected between 1937 and 2019. The researchers found that pertactin deficiency in Bpp was driven by 18 disruptive mutations, including one observed in 73.8% of post-2007 isolates. The study suggests that Bpp has adapted to humans through modulation of the bvgAS regulon and rapid adaptation through the loss of pertactin expression, which coincides with acellular vaccination against whooping cough. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in Daejeon, South Korea, focused on the extraction of the outer membrane protein Pertactin (PRN) from Bordetella pertussis, a Gram-negative bacteria responsible for whooping cough. The study aimed to develop a large-scale urea-based process for PRN extraction, which is a crucial component of the acellular pertussis vaccine. The researchers found that freezing and thawing the cell pellet at specific temperatures significantly increased PRN yield, and a 5 M urea treatment for 2 hours was determined to be the optimal condition. The developed extraction process resulted in high-quality PRN with a purity of over 95% at a yield of 33.2%. The findings of this study may have implications for the production of other membrane proteins. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from researchers at the University of Brasilia provides insights into a whooping cough outbreak in the Brazilian Midwest region. The outbreak occurred despite high vaccination coverage, and the researchers found that the circulating strains of Bordetella pertussis, the bacteria that causes whooping cough, were different from the strain used in the vaccine. The most prevalent genotype associated with the outbreak was fim3-24/ptxP-3. These findings could help inform future vaccination programs to prevent similar outbreaks in Brazil. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted by researchers at West Virginia University has found that multivalent mRNA-DTP vaccines are immunogenic and provide protection against Bordetella pertussis infection in mice. The study utilized immunization and challenge models to evaluate the mRNA platform with multivalent vaccine formulations targeting B. pertussis antigens, as well as diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. The mRNA DTP vaccines induced antigen-specific antibodies and Th1 T cell responses, and provided protection equal to that of human doses of DTaP or whole cell pertussis vaccines. These findings suggest that the mRNA platform has potential for developing multivalent bacterial pathogen vaccines. [Extracted from the article]