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The production of turbochargers is increasing in the Latin American market. However, it is performed in an empirical way. Resource optimization enables an improvement in performance that translates into time and cost reduction. The content of this paper proposes the analysis performed to a company that dedicates to the construction of these equipment, and the development of an improvement proposal based on the Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) method. On-site visits were made to gain direct insights and based on the observations the layout of the plant was developed using LucidChart software. Further, the assembly and operations diagram were created as well as the determination of the process stages. Finally, the process was optimized by applying a constructive algorithm using Computerized Relationship Layout Planning (CORELAP), which evaluated the activities for their proximity and importance. Based on this design, an optimized layout of the company operations and routes was elaborated considering the real conditions of the company. The travel distance was reduced by 71.07%, and the time spent by 84.58%. While analyzing the time spent assembling a turbocharger, a decrease of 49.4% in its values was obtained from the analysis. The results attained from this proposal validate the application of the algorithms. Thus, enabling the elaboration of inferences regarding future long-term economic savings.

Uno de los temas principales respecto a las identificaciones policiales, es el uso de la raza como criterio en la toma de decisiones durante las retenciones por parte de la policía. Sin embargo, estudios previos han constatado que estas prácticas se concentran en mayor proporción en ciertos colectivos minoritarios, aplicando por ello el perfil étnico. A pesar de ser una práctica extendida en España y Europa, existen pocos estudios sobre las disparidades raciales entre grupos con relación a las identificaciones policiales. Por ello, la presente investigación pretende analizar las diferencias entre la población general y los grupos minoritarios con base en las experiencias de identificación policial en España durante 2020-2021. Para ello, se ha seguido una metodología cuantitativa, donde se han reportado los datos de identificaciones policiales por medio de un cuestionario con una muestra de 134 participantes. El análisis de los datos se ha realizado mediante asociación y modelo de regresión binaria. Los resultados sugieren la existencia de diferencias significativas entre grupos, en relación con las experiencias de identificación policial, pues las minorías étnicas son colectivos que tienen más probabilidades de ser señalados en comparación con la población general.

Significance When an animal forms a memory, synapses in specific brain pathways change their strength. Pinpointing which synapses and pathways are modulated in any given learning paradigm, however, is technically challenging and needs to be performed one candidate connection at a time. Here we present SYNPLA, a tool to quickly detect strengthened synapses in genetically or anatomically defined pathways across the brain. To do so, we exploit the temporary translocation of AMPA receptor GluA1 into newly strengthened synapses. Using an assay that can identify proteins less than 40 nm away, we label only synapses that contain both GluA1 and a presynaptic protein exogenously expressed in a specific pathway. SYNPLA thus provides a pathway- and synapse-specific screening tool for memory formation.

The educational disorders that children present at an early age can cause them to not fully develop throughout their lives. In this research work a 3D virtual system that allows the child who has been diagnosed with dyslexia to complement the exercises performed in a conventional therapy is described. To achieve this an application was developed, the app consists of two games (each with three levels of difficulty), and that are part of the rehabilitation program. In each of these games virtual objects are combined with auditory messages to provide the user with an immersive experience, and to train more than one sense at a time. In the first game task, the activity asks the children to correctly locate the syllables that compose a word and for the second activity the children will listen to a word, after the games asks the children to select the correct word. This tool has been tested by a group of children (eight), with ages ranging from 8 to 12 years old, whose development can be supervised at home by their parents, since it is an intuitive and easy to use interface. The results obtained are stored in a database and in this way the medical specialist can monitor the progress of the child throughout his treatment. For the validation of this proposal the SUS usability test was used.

The mobility of people who have suffered a degenerative disease or an accident is partially or totally reduced, which limits their locomotive independence. Therefore, this paper presents a proposal that facilitates the mobility of people suffering from moderate levels of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). A control system has been adapted to an electric wheelchair to provide it with a certain degree of intelligence. The acquisition of multimedia data is done with a small camera adapted to a glasses frame that the person must use. For eye patterns tracking, a recognition system is performed using the LabVIEW software environment. The control system that regulates the movement of the wheelchair was designed on the Raspberry Pi embedded board as a low-cost proposal. Experimental tests and user surveys validate the correct operation of this device.

This paper describes a virtual system for the strengthening of linguistic abilities of children with dyslexia. To achieve this objective, an intuitive interface has been developed. The interface consists of three games (each with three levels of difficulty), all of them being part of a rehabilitation program. These applications combine visual and auditory messages that complement each other, in order to provide an immersive experience and to train more than one of the five senses at a time. The virtual environment has been developed in Unity 3D software, and the diffusion of sounds is performed through binaural hearing aids. To evaluate the performance of the presented proposal, a sample of eight infants (three girls and five boys) with ages between 8 and 12 years was chosen. As an inclusion criterion, it is determined that the user must have an age greater than 7 and less than 13 years, and as a criterion of exclusion the presence of some visual impairment and/or an auditory disorder or other disorder that affect the educational environment. It must be taken into account that this is a preliminary study and that the experimental results in the patients will be seen in the long term. Therefore, to evaluate the acceptance of the system, and to make future corrections a SUS usability test has been applied, with the following result (82.5 ± 0.52). At the end of the execution of the applications, a report is issued in which the specialist can control how the patient has progressed during sessions.

Which neural circuits undergo synaptic changes when an animal learns? Although it is widely accepted that changes in synaptic strength underlie many forms of learning and memory, it remains challenging to connect changes in synaptic strength at specific neural pathways to specific behaviors and memories. Here we introduce SYNPLA (SYNaptic Proximity Ligation Assay), a synapse-specific, high-throughput and potentially brain-wide method capable of detecting circuit-specific learning-induced synaptic plasticity.

In this paper we propose the low-cost solutions granted to university students to contribute to their professional development. Two control systems were simulated applying embedded devices, such as the BeagleBone Black and Udoo Neo Full boards applied on a didactic flow station. With these prototypes, the aim is to develop critical thinking in the user as well as putting into practice, the learned concepts about advanced controllers. To visualize the events produced, an interface can be made in the software LabVIEW and the option of saving this data in an .xlsx file is added for the later analysis of this information. The validation of the project is carried out by evaluating the acceptance of these characteristics by the students and the experimental results of the controller to changes in the set-point value.

The work of this paper focuses on an Automatic System, which allows the control of an educational process control station, and its remote monitoring. Its application is of an academic nature; therefore, it was implemented in a Festo Station. Due to the limitations of this equipment, communication can be achieved through a Raspberry Pi 2, which can be accessed from a computer through a server. The connection was implemented using three different methods that connect the board and the PLC that is attached in the process, to evaluate which method performs better. To carry out the control actions of the process variables, an interface that can be accessed with a stable Internet connection has been developed. In addition to this, the option of monitoring time is offered through the use of a modular camera. The validation of the operation of this proposal is made with the use of simulators, as well as its experimental implementation.

Geographical profiling has been developed within the scientific community as a useful criminal investigation method. Its application in violent crimes has demanded a theoretical review and a valuation about the methodology used until now. This article offers a review of the basic concepts of geographical profiling and its evolution over time. To do that, there is an analysis of the main sustaining theories, such as environmental criminology or the circle theory and the main tools developed as computer software. Finally, it also covers a critical review about geographical profiling and its possible developments in the future.

Background and Objectives: According to Spanish legislation, the psychological harm suffered by the victim of a criminal act is determined by assessing its impact on the victim's mental state. Usually, the victim's pain and suffering is estimated by administering clinical scales. The aim of the present study was to explore the effectiveness of psychopathological assessment using commonly used scales in clinical practice and whose results are presented as legal evidence in a forensic context in order to detect malingered psychological sequelae (anxiety, depression and low self-esteem) in victims of intimate partner violence in forensic contexts. Methods: In the present study three scales based in a clinical setting and regularly used in a forensic context were administered (BDI, STAI and Rosenberg) to assess malingering of symptoms. The sample comprised 66 women: 36 students, and 30 real victims. The non-clinical sample was evaluated twice: the first time they gave sincere responses, and the second time they were instructed to answer as if they were victims. The real victims underwent testing in a forensic context. Results and Conclusions: The results of our research show that, even without previous knowledge of the scales, people can distort the test results by malingering symptoms that are normally accepted as sequelae of intimate partner violence, especially depression and low self-esteem; however, the results for anxiety, were less homogeneous. Although these tests are used extensively in clinical psychology, our study confirms that, just by themselves, they are not a reliable source of information in a forensic context.

The aim of the present study is to elaborate an instrument (CSM-P), valid for victims and aggressors, to assess satisfaction of individuals participating in a penal mediation program (VOM). The instrument was administered to a sample of 213 subjects, randomly chosen from the pool of participants in a VOM program of Catalonian Justice Department. Data analysis of the questionnaire shows an internal consistency of .88 (Cronbach's alpha). The dimensionality of the questionnaire is structured in a single factor that accounts for 61.45% of the variance. The instrument has proven its utility for assessing the satisfaction of the participants in a penal mediation program. Validation of the instrument in similar populations should be performed and it should be adapted to other contexts where assessing user satisfaction in a mediation program is necessary.

Incised-valley fill deposits can form important hydrocarbon reservoirs and provide pathways for hydrocarbon migration. Incised-valleys formed in marginal-marine environments are well described, however, marginal-lacustrine incised-valleys have been the focus of extremely few investigations and are poorly understood. This paper provides a new description of incised-fluvial systems that are presently constructing terminal deposits in embayments around the shoreline of Lake Eyre, central Australia. It is anticipated that better awareness of such deposits will assist in the recognition of these depositional environments in the rock record, which should be useful for exploration purposes and for the generation of improved models for continental dryland fluvial-lacustrine reservoir deposits. A classification of all significant river mouth deposits around Lake Eyre (width >300 m; n = 104), from topographic map and satellite image data, found that 54% are incised-valleys presently accreting a terminal deposit in a shoreline embayment (playa lake estuary). The depositional elements of three incised-valley systems have been mapped using satellite imagery in a GIS platform, from which element geometries are described. Controls on incised-valley formation are investigated by comparing these observations with evidence for past lake highstands and neotectonics and observations from satellite images, geological map data, and digital elevation model data. The terminal splay deposits of rivers around Lake Eyre are well-used analogues for dryland reservoirs; however, the focus has been on deposits accreting directly onto the playa. It is likely the incised-valleys and terminal deposits in the embayments described here will be of interest to companies exploring in, and producing from, ancient drylands and other lacustrine depositional environments.