34 results on '"Benjamin A. Torres"'
Search Results
2. Dichotomous development of the gut microbiome in preterm infants
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Thao T. B. Ho, Maureen W. Groer, Bradley Kane, Alyson L. Yee, Benjamin A. Torres, Jack A. Gilbert, and Akhil Maheshwari
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Very low birth weight infant ,Gammaproteobacteria ,Dysbiosis ,Abbreviations ,VLBWVery low birth weight ,NECNecrotizing enterocolitis ,Microbial ecology ,QR100-130 - Abstract
Abstract Background Preterm infants are at risk of developing intestinal dysbiosis with an increased proportion of Gammaproteobacteria. In this study, we sought the clinical determinants of the relative abundance of feces-associated Gammaproteobacteria in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Fecal microbiome was characterized at ≤ 2 weeks and during the 3rd and 4th weeks after birth, by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Maternal and infant clinical characteristics were extracted from electronic medical records. Data were analyzed by linear mixed modeling and linear regression. Results Clinical data and fecal microbiome profiles of 45 VLBW infants (gestational age 27.9 ± 2.2 weeks; birth weight 1126 ± 208 g) were studied. Three stool samples were analyzed for each infant at mean postnatal ages of 9.9 ± 3, 20.7 ± 4.1, and 29.4 ± 4.9 days. The average relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria was 42.5% (0–90%) at ≤ 2 weeks, 69.7% (29.9–86.9%) in the 3rd, and 75.5% (54.5–86%) in the 4th week (p
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- 2018
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3. Influencia de las hormonas sexuales en la enfermedad de Chagas
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Oscar A. Reboreda-Hernandez, Rocio Ortiz-Butron, Benjamin Nogueda-Torres, and Nayeli Gonzalez-Rodriguez
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Chagas’ disease. Estradiol. Gonadal steroid hormones. Testosterone. Trypanosoma cruzi. ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Objetivo: Analizar la influencia de las hormonas durante la enfermedad de Chagas. Métodos: Se separaron grupos de ratones macho y hembras BALB/c, todos infectados con T. cruzi (cepa NINOA), 4 grupos experimentales de machos (Sham, orquidectamizados, orquidectimezados y suplementados con estradiol, orquidectamizaos y suplementados con testosterona). 4 grupos experimentales de hembras (oforectomizadas, oforectomizadas y suplementadas con estradiol, oforectomizadas y suplementadas con testosterona y sham), and y dos grupos control para cada sexo (sin infección e infectados intraperitonealmente con T. cruzi (cepa NINOA). Los datos clínicos fueron registrados diariamente, la parasitemia fue evaluada durante toda la infección utilizando una cámara de Neubauer y el análisis histopatológico del corazón fue realizada con la técnica de inclusión en parafina. Para el análisis de las curvas de parasitemia y el área bajo la curva, se realizó una prueba de ANOVA de dos vías, p < 0.05 fueron considerados estadísticamente diferentes. Resultados: Las mayores tasas de mortalidad, cardiomegalia, hepatomegalia y mayor infiltrado inflamatorio, se encontró en los ratones con una mayor concentración de testosterona. En contraste los ratones con mayor concentración de estradiol presentaron paresia, postración edema y necrosis. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados ponen en manifiesto que la testosterona incrementa la severidad del curso de la enfermedad de Chagas, mientras que el estradiol tuvo el efecto opuesto. Este trabajo mejora el entendimiento del rol que juegan las hormonas sexuales en esta infección para contribuir en un mejor manejo de la enfermedad de Chagas.
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- 2024
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4. Concreting a sustainable future: A dataset of alkali-activated concrete and its properties
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Benjamin Moreno Torres, Christoph Völker, and Rafia Firdous
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Alkali activated concrete ,Compressive strength ,Carbon footprint ,Fly ash ,Ground granulated blast furnace slag ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
This data article introduces a dataset comprising 1630 alkali-activated concrete (AAC) mixes, compiled from 106 literature sources. The dataset underwent extensive curation to address feature redundancy, transcription errors, and duplicate data, yielding refined data ready for further data-driven science in the field of AAC, where this effort constitutes a novelty. The carbon footprint associated with each material used in the AAC mixes, as well as the corresponding CO2 footprint of every mix, were approximated using two published articles. Serving as a foundation for future expansions and rigorous data applications, this dataset enables the characterization of AAC properties through machine learning algorithms or as a benchmark for performance comparison among different formulations. In summary, the dataset provides a resource for researchers focusing on AAC and related materials and offers insights into the environmental benefits of substituting traditional Portland concrete with AAC.
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- 2023
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5. The Intersection Between Semantic Web and Materials Science
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Andre Valdestilhas, Bernd Bayerlein, Benjamin Moreno Torres, Ghezal Ahmad Jan Zia, and Thilo Muth
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linked open data ,materials science ,ontology ,semantic web ,Computer engineering. Computer hardware ,TK7885-7895 ,Control engineering systems. Automatic machinery (General) ,TJ212-225 - Abstract
The application and benefits of Semantic Web Technologies (SWT) for managing, sharing, and (re‐)using of research data are demonstrated in implementations in the field of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE). However, a compilation and classification are needed to fully recognize the scattered published works with its unique added values. Here, the primary use of SWT at the interface with MSE is identified using specifically created categories. This overview highlights promising opportunities for the application of SWT to MSE, such as enhancing the quality of experimental processes, enriching data with contextual information in knowledge graphs, or using ontologies to perform specific queries on semantically structured data. While interdisciplinary work between the two fields is still in its early stages, a great need is identified to facilitate access for nonexperts and develop and provide user‐friendly tools and workflows. The full potential of SWT can best be achieved in the long term by the broad acceptance and active participation of the MSE community. In perspective, these technological solutions will advance the field of MSE by making data FAIR. Data‐driven approaches will benefit from these data structures and their connections to catalyze knowledge generation in MSE.
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- 2023
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6. Siderophore piracy enables the nasal commensalStaphylococcus lugdunensisto antagonize the pathogenStaphylococcus aureus
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Rosenstein, Ralf, primary, Salazar, Benjamin O. Torres, additional, Sauer, Claudia, additional, Heilbronner, Simon, additional, Krismer, Bernhard, additional, and Peschel, Andreas, additional
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- 2024
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7. Neonatal Leukocyte Physiology and Disorders
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JOHN T. BENJAMIN, BENJAMIN A. TORRES, and AKHIL MAHESHWARI
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- 2024
8. Contributors
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Steven H. Abman, Noorjahan Ali, Karel Allegaert, Jamie E. Anderson, Deidra A. Ansah, Bhawna Arya, David Askenazi, Susan W. Aucott, Stephen A. Back, Gerri R. Baer, H. Scott Baldwin, Jerasimos Ballas, Maneesh Batra, Cheryl Bayart, Gary A. Bellus, John T. Benjamin, Gerard T. Berry, Zeenia C. Billimoria, Gil Binenbaum, Matthew S. Blessing, Markus D. Boos, Brad Bosse, Maryse L. Bouchard, Heather A. Brandling-Bennett, Colleen Brown, Erin G. Brown, Katherine H. Campbell, Katie Carlberg, Brian S. Carter, Shilpi Chabra, Irene J. Chang, Edith Y. Cheng, Kai-wen Chiang, Robert D. Christensen, Terrence Chun, Ronald I. Clyman, Donna, Maria E. Cortezzo, C.M. Cotten, Sherry E. Courtney, Jonathan M. Davis, Alejandra G. de Alba Campomanes, Benjamin Dean, Ellen Dees, Sara B. De, Mauro, Scott C. Denne, Emöke Deschmann, Carolina Cecilia Di Blasi, Sara A. Di, Vall, Dan Doherty, David J. Durand, Nicolle Fernández Dyess, Eric C. Eichenwald, Kelsey B. Eitel, Rachel M. Engen, Kelly N. Evans, Diana L. Farmer, Emily Fay, Patricia Y. Fechner, Rachel Fleishman, Bobbi Fleiss, Joseph Flynn, Katherine T. Flynn-O’Brien, G. Kyle Fulton, Renata C. Gallagher, Estelle B. Gauda, W. Christopher Golden, Michelle M. Gontasz, Natasha González Estévez, Sidney M. Gospe, Pierre Gressens, Deepti Gupta, Sangeeta Hingorani, Ashley P. Hinson, Susan R. Hintz, W. Alan Hodson, Kara K. Hoppe, Alyssa Huang, Benjamin Huang, Kathy Huen, Katie A. Huff, Cristian Ionita, J. Craig Jackson, Jordan E. Jackson, Tom Jaksic, Patrick J. Javid, Julia Johnson, Cassandra D. Josephson, Emily S. Jungheim, Sandra E. Juul, Mohammad Nasser Kabbany, Heidi Karpen, Gregory Keefe, Jennifer C. Keene, Amaris M. Keiser, Roberta L. Keller, Thomas F. Kelly, Kate Khorsand, Grace Kim, John P. Kinsella, Allison S. Komorowski, Ildiko H. Koves, Joanne M. Lagatta, Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Christina Lam, John D. Lantos, Janessa B. Law, Su Yeon Lee, Ofer Levy, David B. Lewis, Philana Ling Lin, Scott A. Lorch, Tiffany L. Lucas, Akhil Maheshwari, Emin Maltepe, Erica Mandell, Winston M. Manimtim, Richard J. Martin, Dennis E. Mayock, Irene Mc, Aleer, Patrick McQuillen, Ann J. Melvin, Paul A. Merguerian, Lina Merjaneh, J. Lawrence Merritt, Valerie Mezger, Marian G. Michaels, Ulrike Mietzsch, Steven P. Miller, Thomas R. Moore, Karen F. Murray, Debika Nandi-Munshi, Niranjana Natarajan, Kathryn D. Ness, Josef Neu, Shahab Noori, Thomas Michael O’Shea, Julius T. Oatts, Nigel Paneth, Thomas A. Parker, Ravi Mangal Patel, Simran Patel, Anna A. Penn, Christian M. Pettker, Shabnam Peyvandi, Catherine Pihoker, Erin Plosa, Brenda Poindexter, Michael A. Posencheg, Mihai Puia-Dumitrescu, Vilmaris Quiñones Cardona, Samuel E. Rice-Townsend, Art Riddle, Elizabeth Robbins, Mark D. Rollins, Mark A. Rosen, Courtney K. Rowe, Inderneel Sahai, Sulagna C. Saitta, Parisa Salehi, Pablo J. Sanchez, Taylor Sawyer, Matthew A. Saxonhouse, Katherine M. Schroeder, David T. Selewski, T. Niroshi Senaratne, Istvan Seri, Emily E. Sharpe, Sarah E. Sheppard, Margarett Shnorhavorian, Robert Sidbury, La, Vone Simmons, Rebecca A. Simmons, Rachana Singh, Martha C. Sola-Visner, Lakshmi Srinivasan, Heidi J. Steflik, Robin H. Steinhorn, Caleb Stokes, Helen Stolp, Jennifer Sucre, Angela Sun, Dalal K. Taha, Jessica Tenney, Janet A. Thomas, George E. Tiller, Benjamin A. Torres, William E. Truog, Kirtikumar Upadhyay, Gregory C. Valentine, John N. van den Anker, Betty Vohr, Linda D. Wallen, Peter (Zhan Tao) Wang, Bradley A. Warady, Robert M. Ward, Jon F. Watchko, Elias Wehbi, Joern-Hendrik Weitkamp, David Werny, Klane K. White, K. Taylor Wild, Susan Wiley, Laurel Willig, George A. Woodward, Clyde J. Wright, Karyn Yonekawa, Elizabeth Yu, and Elaine H. Zackai
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- 2024
9. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis
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Keyur T, Donda, Benjamin A, Torres, Minesh, Khashu, and Akhil, Maheshwari
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Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Infant, Newborn ,Humans ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Infant, Newborn, Diseases ,digestive system diseases - Abstract
Abstract: The etiopathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains unclear, but increasing information suggests that the risk and severity of NEC may be influenced by single nucleotide polymorphisms in many genes. In this article, we have reviewed gene variations that have either been specifically identified in NEC or have been noted in other inflammatory bowel disorders with similar histopathological abnormalities. We present evidence from our own peer-reviewed laboratory studies and data from an extensive literature search in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus. To avoid bias in the identification of existing studies, search keywords were short-listed both from our own studies and from PubMed’s Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) thesaurus.
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- 2022
10. In Vitro Analyses Reveal the Effect of Synthetic Cytokinin Forchlorfenuron (FCF) on a Septin-Like Protein of Taeniid Cysticerci
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Diana G. Rios-Valencia, Edgar O. López-Villegas, Dylan Diaz Chiguer, Adrian Marquez Navarro, Ruben D. Díaz-Martín, Benjamin Nogueda-Torres, and Javier R. Ambrosio
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Cytokinin forchlorfenuron (FCF), a synthetic cytokinin, has been used specifically for the characterization of septins. In spite of genomic evidence of their existence, nothing is known about septin filaments in taeniid cestodes. The aim of this work was to determine the presence of a septin-like protein in cysticerci of Taenia crassiceps and Taenia solium using the deduced amino acid sequence of T. solium septin 4 (SEPT4_Tsm), to design and synthesize a derived immunogenic peptide (residues 88 to 103), to prepare a specific rabbit polyclonal antibody, and to examine the effects of FCF at different concentrations and exposure times on an in vitro culture of T. crassiceps cysticerci. In vitro, FCF altered the morphology and motility of T. crassiceps cysticerci, and its effects were reversible under specific concentrations. In addition, we observed by ultrastructural observation that FCF alters the cellular subunit of the protonephridial system of cestodes, where disruption of the axoneme pattern of flame cells was observed. The rabbit polyclonal antibody prepared against the synthetic peptide recognized a major band of 41 kDa in both parasites. Our results establish the importance of SEPT4_Tsm in the dynamics and survival of taeniid cysticerci, as well as their susceptibility to FCF. This is also the first report that a septin is present in the cytoskeleton of taeniids.
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- 2019
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11. Non-coding RNAs in Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis
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Keyur Donda, Benjamin A Torres, and Akhil Maheshwari
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The incomplete understanding of the etiopathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) contributes to the lack of timely diagnosis and limited therapeutic options. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of gene expression in various pathways that can modulate various physiological and pathological processes. Despite several studies revealing the role of ncRNAs in intestinal inflammatory diseases in adults, these remain largely unexplored in NEC. In this article, we review the information on ncRNAs that have been specifically identified in NEC or have been noted in other inflammatory bowel disorders that share some of the histopathological abnormalities seen frequently in NEC. We have assimilated the most current research findings on ncRNAs in intestinal diseases. This is an attempt to explore a novel field that has immense potential for future translational and clinical research in preventing, detecting, and treating NEC.
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- 2022
12. Secondary Metabolites Governing Microbiome Interaction of Staphylococcal Pathogens and Commensals
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Bernhard Krismer, Simon Heilbronner, Andreas Peschel, and Benjamin O. Torres Salazar
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Staphylococcus aureus ,Cell signaling ,Physiology ,Staphylococcus ,Context (language use) ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biochemistry ,Microbiology ,Bacteriocin ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Microbiome ,Bacteriocins ,Metallophores ,Microbiome active compounds ,Quorum sensing ,Skin ,Microbiota ,Cell Biology ,Staphylococcal Infections ,Drug development ,Function (biology) ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Various Staphylococcus species colonize skin and upper airways of warm-blooded animals. They compete successfully with many other microorganisms under the hostile and nutrient-poor conditions of these habitats using mechanisms that we are only beginning to appreciate. Small-molecule mediators, whose biosynthesis requires complex enzymatic cascades, so-called secondary metabolites, have emerged as crucial components of staphylococcal microbiome interactions. Such mediators belong to a large variety of compound classes and several of them have attractive properties for future drug development. They include, for instance, bacteriocins such as lanthipeptides, thiopeptides, and fibupeptides that inhibit bacterial competitor species; signaling molecules such as thiolactone peptides that induce or inhibit sensory cascades in other bacteria; or metallophores such as staphyloferrins and staphylopine that scavenge scant transition metal ions. For some secondary metabolites such as the aureusimines, the exact function remains to be elucidated. How secondary metabolites shape the fitness of Staphylococcus species in the complex context of other microbial and host defense factors remains a challenging field of future research. A detailed understanding will help to harness staphylococcal secondary metabolites for excluding the pathogenic species Staphylococcus aureus from the nasal microbiomes of at-risk patients, and it will be instrumental for the development of advanced anti-infective interventions.
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- 2021
13. Characterization of odor-contributing volatiles in two Habanero pepper varieties by gas chromatography–olfactometry
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Daniel Lopez-Sauri, Luis Cuevas-Glory, Benjamin Novelo-Torres, Jorge A. Pino, and Enrique Sauri-Duch
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biology ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,0104 chemical sciences ,Capsicum chinense ,Terpene ,Odor ,Olfactometry ,Pepper ,Materials Chemistry ,Food science ,Gas chromatography ,0210 nano-technology ,Aroma - Abstract
Volatile constituents and odor-active compounds of two varieties of Habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) were analyzed by GC–MS, GC–O and AEDA. A total of 118 volatile compounds were obtained from Habanero pepper varieties Mayapan and Jaguar by simultaneous distillation–extraction technique. Compounds such as esters, terpenes, aldehydes, alcohols and ketones comprised 78% of volatiles found in both varieties. By means of AEDA technique, 24 odor-contributing compounds (esters, terpenes, aldehydes and alcohols) were identified. Compounds such as δ-cadinene (FD = 729), 3-methylbutyl 2-methylpropanoate and 3,3-dimethylcyclohexanol (FD = 243) were the major odor-active compounds in Mayapan variety aroma, whereas 3-methylbutyl 2-methylpropanoate (FD = 729) and 2-methylpropyl 2-methylbutanoate, hexyl pentanoate and δ-cadinene (FD = 243) were characteristic in Jaguar variety. An intense pungent odor was notorious in Mayapan variety, due mainly to 3,3-dimethylcyclohexanol. On the basis of FD values, sweet and pungent were characteristic notes in Mayapan variety, whereas sweet and fruity notes were predominant in Jaguar variety. This suggests that aroma variability among Habanero pepper varieties might be related to their genotypic diversity.
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- 2020
14. An Ontology-based approach to enable data-driven research in the field of NDT in Civil Engineering
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Benjamin Moreno-Torres, Christoph Völker, and Sabine Kruschwitz
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Engineering ,business.industry ,Nondestructive testing ,Systems engineering ,Ontology (information science) ,business ,Field (computer science) ,Data-driven - Abstract
Non-destructive testing (NDT) data in civil engineering is regularly used for scientific analysis. However, there is no uniform representation of the data yet. An analysis of distributed data sets across different test objects is therefore too difficult in most cases. To overcome this, we present an approach for an integrated data management of distributed data sets based on Semantic Web technologies. The cornerstone of this approach is an ontology, a semantic knowledge representation of our domain. This NDT-CE ontology is later populated with the data sources. Using the properties and the relationships between concepts that the ontology contains, we make these data sets meaningful also for machines. Furthermore, the ontology can be used as a central interface for database access. Non-domain data sources can be integrated by linking them with the NDT ontology, making them directly available for generic use in terms of digitization. Based on an extensive literature research, we outline the possibilities that result for NDT in civil engineering, such as computer-aided sorting and analysis of measurement data, and the recognition and explanation of correlations. A common knowledge representation and data access allows the scientific exploitation of existing data sources with data-based methods (such as image recognition, measurement uncertainty calculations, factor analysis or material characterization) and simplifies bidirectional knowledge and data transfer between engineers and NDT specialists.
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- 2021
15. Secretion of and Self-Resistance to the Novel Fibupeptide Antimicrobial Lugdunin by Distinct ABC Transporters in Staphylococcus lugdunensis
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Sebastian N. Wirtz, Martin C. Konnerth, Julian S. Saur, Simon Heilbronner, Bernhard Krismer, Alexander Zipperer, Andreas Peschel, Sophia Krauss, Stephanie Grond, and Benjamin O. Torres Salazar
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Staphylococcus aureus ,medicine.drug_class ,Operon ,Staphylococcus ,Antibiotics ,ATP-binding cassette transporter ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Staphylococcus lugdunensis ,medicine.disease_cause ,Peptides, Cyclic ,natural antimicrobial products ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Mechanisms of Resistance ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Secretion ,Mode of action ,030304 developmental biology ,Pharmacology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,030306 microbiology ,Transporter ,Staphylococcal Infections ,biology.organism_classification ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Infectious Diseases ,ABC transporters ,drug resistance mechanisms ,Thiazolidines ,ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters - Abstract
Lugdunin is the first reported nonribosomally synthesized antibiotic from human microbiomes. Its production by the commensal Staphylococcus lugdunensis eliminates the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus from human nasal microbiomes. The cycloheptapeptide lugdunin is the founding member of the new class of fibupeptide antibiotics, which have a novel mode of action and represent promising new antimicrobial agents. How S. lugdunensis releases and achieves producer self-resistance to lugdunin has remained unknown., Lugdunin is the first reported nonribosomally synthesized antibiotic from human microbiomes. Its production by the commensal Staphylococcus lugdunensis eliminates the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus from human nasal microbiomes. The cycloheptapeptide lugdunin is the founding member of the new class of fibupeptide antibiotics, which have a novel mode of action and represent promising new antimicrobial agents. How S. lugdunensis releases and achieves producer self-resistance to lugdunin has remained unknown. We report that two ABC transporters encoded upstream of the lugdunin-biosynthetic operon have distinct yet overlapping roles in lugdunin secretion and self-resistance. While deletion of the lugEF transporter genes abrogated most of the lugdunin secretion, the lugGH transporter genes had a dominant role in resistance. Yet all four genes were required for full-level lugdunin resistance. The small accessory putative membrane protein LugI further contributed to lugdunin release and resistance levels conferred by the ABC transporters. Whereas LugIEFGH also conferred resistance to lugdunin congeners with inverse structures or with amino acid exchange at position 6, they neither affected the susceptibility to a lugdunin variant with an exchange at position 2 nor to other cyclic peptide antimicrobials such as daptomycin or gramicidin S. The obvious selectivity of the resistance mechanism raises hopes that it will not confer cross-resistance to other antimicrobials or to optimized lugdunin derivatives to be used for the prevention and treatment of S. aureus infections.
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- 2020
16. Cytokines and growth factors in the developing intestine and during necrotizing enterocolitis
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Krishnan MohanKumar, Thao Ho, Benjamin A. Torres, Kopperuncholan Namachivayam, Robin K. Ohls, and Akhil Maheshwari
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0301 basic medicine ,Amniotic fluid ,Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor ,Inflammation ,Infant, Premature, Diseases ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Intestinal mucosa ,Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ,030225 pediatrics ,medicine ,Humans ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,Enterocolitis ,Fetus ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,medicine.disease ,Immunity, Innate ,030104 developmental biology ,Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ,Infant, Extremely Premature ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Necrotizing enterocolitis ,Immunology ,Cytokines ,Colostrum ,Disease Susceptibility ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor - Abstract
Cytokines and growth factors play diverse roles in the uninflamed fetal/neonatal intestinal mucosa and in the development of inflammatory bowel injury during necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). During gestational development and the early neonatal period, the fetal/premature intestine is exposed to high levels of many "inflammatory" cytokines and growth factors, first via swallowed amniotic fluid in utero and then, after birth, in colostrum and mother's milk. This article reviews the dual, seemingly counter-intuitive roles of cytokines, where these agents play a "trophic" role and promote maturation of the uninflamed mucosa, but can also cause inflammation and promote intestinal injury during NEC.
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- 2017
17. Neonatal Mice with Necrotizing Enterocolitis-like Injury Develop Thrombocytopenia despite Increased Megakaryopoiesis
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Kopperuncholan Namachivayam, Benjamin A. Torres, Krishnan MohanKumar, Lalit Garg, and Akhil Maheshwari
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0301 basic medicine ,Blood Platelets ,Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb ,Time Factors ,Megakaryocyte differentiation ,Immature Platelet ,Article ,Thrombopoiesis ,Andrology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Megakaryocyte ,Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ,030225 pediatrics ,medicine ,Animals ,Platelet ,Mean platelet volume ,Ploidies ,business.industry ,Platelet Count ,Platelet Distribution Width ,Thrombocytopenia ,digestive system diseases ,3. Good health ,Intestines ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Animals, Newborn ,Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Immunology ,business ,Mean Platelet Volume ,Megakaryocytes ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Background Thrombocytopenia is frequently encountered in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). To develop a preclinical model of NEC-related thrombocytopenia, we measured serial platelet counts in 10-day-old (P10) mouse pups with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced NEC-like injury. We also measured platelet volume indices, immature platelet fraction (IPF), and megakaryocyte number/ploidy in these animals. Methods Platelet counts, platelet volume indices, and IPF were measured in control (N=65) and TNBS-treated pups (N=104) using an automated hematology analyzer. Bone marrow megakaryocyte number, ploidy and CD41 expression were measured by flow cytometry. These findings were confirmed in a small cohort of P3 mice with NEC-like injury. Results Murine pups with TNBS-mediated NEC-like injury developed thrombocytopenia at 15–24h after exposure to TNBS. Intestinal injury was associated with increased platelet volume indices (mean platelet volume, platelet-to-large cell ratio, and platelet distribution width), and IPF, indicating increased thrombopoiesis. These mice also showed increased megakaryocyte number, ploidy, and CD41 expression, indicating increased megakaryocyte differentiation. Conclusions Similar to human NEC, murine NEC-like injury was also associated with decreased platelet counts. There was evidence of increased megakaryocyte differentiation and thrombopoiesis, which favors peripheral consumption of platelets as the likely mechanism of thrombocytopenia in these animals, over decreased platelet production.
- Published
- 2017
18. Analysis of the effect of methyl 2-acetamide-3-methylquinoxaline-7-carboxylate 1,4-di-N-oxide on the relative expression of the trypanothione reductase gene in Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes
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Lenci K K, Vazquez-Jimenez, Maria I, Hernandez-Posada, Alma D, Paz-Gonzalez, Benjamin, Nogueda-Torres, Ana V, Martinez-Vazquez, Veronica, Herrera-Mayorga, Virgilio, Bocanegra-Garcia, and Gildardo Rivera, Rivera
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Oxidative Stress ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Quinoxalines ,Trypanosoma cruzi ,Protozoan Proteins ,NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Trypanocidal Agents - Abstract
In recent decades, some quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have been shown to have better trypanocidal activity than the reference drugs; however, their mechanism of action is not yet clear, although it is suggested that they mainly produce reactive oxygen species that cause oxidative stress and parasite death. Trypanosoma cruzi relies on the enzyme trypanothione reductase, among others, to defend itself against oxidative stress. With the aim of contributing to the elucidation of the mechanism of action of quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives on Trypanosoma cruzi, this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of methyl 2-amide-3-methylquinoxaline-7-carboxylate 1,4-di-N-oxide (compound M-8) on the expression of the trypanothione reductase gene in an in vitro model on Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes of the CL-Brener strain. The results show that compound M-8 does not cause a significant effect on the trypanothione reductase gene, suggesting a mechanism of action not related to oxidative stress.
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- 2019
19. Thrombocytopenia in Infants with Necrotizing Enterocolitis
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Akhil Maheshwari, Benjamin A. Torres, and Sachin C. Amin
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Necrotizing enterocolitis ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Gastroenterology - Published
- 2019
20. Contributors
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Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Sachin C. Amin, Mariana Baserga, Sterling T. Bennett, Vineet Bhandari, Patrick D. Carroll, Robert D. Christensen, John M. Dagle, Darrell L. Dinwiddie, Tara L. DuPont, Margaret Gilfillan, Anthony R. Gregg, Erick Henry, Tamas Jilling, Brianna C. MacQueen, Akhil Maheshwari, Lars Mense, Robin K. Ohls, Amarilis Sanchez-Valle, Caitlin J. Smith, Martha C. Sola-Visner, Beatrice Stefanescu, Baiba Steinbrekera, Bernard Thébaud, Benjamin A. Torres, Jolan E. Walter, and Hassan M. Yaish
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- 2019
21. Secondary Metabolites Governing Microbiome Interaction of Staphylococcal Pathogens and Commensals.
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Salazar, Benjamin O. Torres, Heilbronner, Simon, Peschel, Andreas, and Krismer, Bernhard
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METABOLITES ,MUPIROCIN ,TRANSITION metal ions ,STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus ,WARM-blooded animals ,PATHOGENIC microorganisms ,DRUG development - Abstract
Various Staphylococcus species colonize skin and upper airways of warm-blooded animals. They compete successfully with many other microorganisms under the hostile and nutrient-poor conditions of these habitats using mechanisms that we are only beginning to appreciate. Small-molecule mediators, whose biosynthesis requires complex enzymatic cascades, so-called secondary metabolites, have emerged as crucial components of staphylococcal microbiome interactions. Such mediators belong to a large variety of compound classes and several of them have attractive properties for future drug development. They include, for instance, bacteriocins such as lanthipeptides, thiopeptides, and fibupeptides that inhibit bacterial competitor species; signaling molecules such as thiolactone peptides that induce or inhibit sensory cascades in other bacteria; or metallophores such as staphyloferrins and staphylopine that scavenge scant transition metal ions. For some secondary metabolites such as the aureusimines, the exact function remains to be elucidated. How secondary metabolites shape the fitness of Staphylococcus species in the complex context of other microbial and host defense factors remains a challenging field of future research. A detailed understanding will help to harness staphylococcal secondary metabolites for excluding the pathogenic species Staphylococcus aureus from the nasal microbiomes of at-risk patients, and it will be instrumental for the development of advanced anti-infective interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced intestinal injury in neonatal mice activates transcriptional networks similar to those seen in human necrotizing enterocolitis
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Rays H. Y. Jiang, Krishnan MohanKumar, Benjamin A. Torres, Akhil Maheshwari, Kopperuncholan Namachivayam, Feng Cheng, and Jaime Flores-Torres
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Lipopolysaccharides ,0301 basic medicine ,Enteral administration ,Article ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Species Specificity ,Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ,030225 pediatrics ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Gene Regulatory Networks ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Gene ,Enterocolitis ,Microarray analysis techniques ,business.industry ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Transcriptional Networks ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,3. Good health ,Intestines ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Animals, Newborn ,Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Necrotizing enterocolitis ,Cancer research ,medicine.symptom ,Signal transduction ,business - Abstract
We have shown previously that enteral administration of 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in 10-d-old C57BL/6 pups produces an acute necrotizing enterocolitis with histopathological and inflammatory changes similar to human necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). To determine whether murine neonatal 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-mediated intestinal injury could be used as a NEC model, we compared gene expression profiles of TNBS-mediated intestinal injury and NEC.Whole-genome microarray analysis was performed on proximal colon from control and TNBS-treated pups (n = 8/group). For comparison, we downloaded human microarray data of NEC (n = 5) and surgical control (n = 4) from a public database. Data were analyzed using the software programs Partek Genomics Suite and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis.We detected extensive changes in gene expression in murine TNBS-mediated intestinal injury and human NEC. Using fold-change cut-offs of ±1.5, we identified 4,440 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) in murine TNBS-mediated injury and 1,377 in NEC. Murine TNBS-mediated injury and NEC produced similar changes in expression of orthologous genes (r = 0.611, P0.001), and also activated nearly-identical biological processes and pathways. Lipopolysaccharide was top predicted upstream regulator in both the murine and human datasets.Murine neonatal TNBS-mediated enterocolitis and human NEC activate nearly-identical biological processes, signaling pathways, and transcriptional networks.
- Published
- 2016
23. Enteric dysbiosis and fecal calprotectin expression in premature infants
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Maureen Groer, Alyson L. Yee, Benjamin A. Torres, Thao Ho, Bradley Kane, Akhil Maheshwari, and Jack A. Gilbert
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Male ,Klebsiella ,Diseases ,Infant, Premature, Diseases ,Pediatrics ,Feces ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neonatal ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Birth Weight ,Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ,Prospective Studies ,Enterocolitis ,biology ,Gestational age ,Intensive Care Units ,Infant, Extremely Premature ,Public Health and Health Services ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Gammaproteobacteria ,Infant, Premature ,16S ,Gestational Age ,Extremely Premature ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Article ,Microbiology ,Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ,030225 pediatrics ,Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ,medicine ,Humans ,Microbiome ,Premature ,Ribosomal ,Inflammation ,Very Low Birth Weight ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Newborn ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Klebsiella Infections ,ROC Curve ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,RNA ,Dysbiosis ,Calprotectin ,Necrotizing ,Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
BackgroundPremature infants often develop enteric dysbiosis with a preponderance of Gammaproteobacteria, which has been related to adverse clinical outcomes. We investigated the relationship between increasing fecal Gammaproteobacteria and mucosal inflammation, measured by fecal calprotectin (FC).MethodsStool samples were collected from very-low-birth weight (VLBW) infants at ≤2, 3, and 4 weeks' postnatal age. Fecal microbiome was surveyed using polymerase chain reaction amplification of the V4 region of 16S ribosomal RNA, and FC was measured by enzyme immunoassay.ResultsWe enrolled 45 VLBW infants (gestation 27.9 ± 2.2 weeks, birth weight 1126 ± 208 g) and obtained stool samples at 9.9 ± 3, 20.7 ± 4.1, and 29.4 ± 4.9 days. FC was positively correlated with the genus Klebsiella (r = 0.207, p = 0.034) and its dominant amplicon sequence variant (r = 0.290, p = 0.003), but not with the relative abundance of total Gammaproteobacteria. Klebsiella colonized the gut in two distinct patterns: some infants started with low Klebsiella abundance and gained these bacteria over time, whereas others began with very high Klebsiella abundance.ConclusionIn premature infants, FC correlated with relative abundance of a specific pathobiont, Klebsiella, and not with that of the class Gammaproteobacteria. These findings indicate a need to define dysbiosis at genera or higher levels of resolution.
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- 2018
24. Neonatal Leukocyte Physiology and Disorders
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John T. Benjamin, Benjamin A. Torres, and Akhil Maheshwari
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Fetus ,Immune system ,Antigen ,Immunology ,medicine ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Immunodeficiency - Abstract
The developing neonate is exposed to a plethora of antigens and must evolve innate and adaptive immune responses to combat pathogenic microorganisms and at the same time, develop tolerance to self-antigens and commensal microbes. While some components of the immune system are functionally at par with adults, immaturity in others may result in a state of immunodeficiency in the neonate. This chapter highlights the qualitative and quantitative differences in distribution and function of leukocyte populations that together shape the immune responses in the fetus, neonate and the adult. Knowledge of these differences may enable a better understanding of the inherent susceptibility of the neonate to various infections.
- Published
- 2018
25. Contributors
- Author
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Steven H. Abman, Karel Allegaert, Bhawna Arya, David Askenazi, Timur Azhibekov, Stephen A. Back, H. Scott Baldwin, Roberta A. Ballard, Eduardo Bancalari, Carlton M. Bates, Maneesh Batra, Cheryl B. Bayart, Gary A. Bellus, Thomas J. Benedetti, John T. Benjamin, James T. Bennett, Gerard T. Berry, Gil Binenbaum, Markus D. Boos, Maryse Bouchard, Heather A. Brandling-Bennett, Darcy E. Broughton, Zane Brown, Katherine H. Campbell, Suzan L. Carmichael, Brian S. Carter, Stephen Cederbaum, Shilpi Chabra, Justine Chang, Edith Y. Cheng, Karen M. Chisholm, Robert D. Christensen, Terrence Chun, Nelson Claure, Ronald I. Clyman, Tarah T. Colaizy, DonnaMaria E. Cortezzo, C. Michael Cotten, Michael L. Cunningham, Alejandra G. de Alba Campomanes, Ellen Dees, Sara B. DeMauro, Scott C. Denne, Emöke Deschmann, Carolina Cecilia, Robert M. DiBlasi, Reed A. Dimmitt, Sara A. DiVall, Orchid Djahangirian, Dan Doherty, Eric C. Eichenwald, Rachel Engen, Cyril Engmann, Jacquelyn R. Evans, Kelly N. Evans, Diana L. Farmer, Patricia Y. Fechner, Patricia Ferrieri, Neil N. Finer, Rachel A. Fleishman, Bobbi Fleiss, Joseph T. Flynn, Katherine T. Flynn-O'Brien, Mark R. Frey, Lydia Furman, Renata C. Gallagher, Estelle B. Gauda, Christine A. Gleason, Michael J. Goldberg, Adam B. Goldin, Sidney M. Gospe, Pierre Gressens, Deepti Gupta, Susan H. Guttentag, Chad R. Haldeman-Englert, Thomas N. Hansen, Anne V. Hing, Sangeeta Hingorani, Susan R. Hintz, Shinjiro Hirose, W. Alan Hodson, Kara K. Hoppe, Margaret K. Hostetter, Benjamin Huang, Sarah Bauer Huang, Terrie E. Inder, Cristian Inoita, J. Craig Jackson, Deepak Jain, Lucky Jain, Patrick J. Javid, Cassandra D. Josephson, Emily S. Jungheim, Sandra E. Juul, Anup Katheria, Benjamin A. Keller, Roberta L. Keller, Thomas F. Kelly, Kate Khorsand, Grace Kim, John P. Kinsella, Ildiko H. Koves, Christina Lam, Erin R. Lane, John D. Lantos, Daniel J. Ledbetter, Ben Lee, Harvey L. Levy, Ofer Levy, Mark B. Lewin, David B. Lewis, P. Ling Lin, Tiffany Fangtse Lin, Scott A. Lorch, Akhil Maheshwari, Emin Maltepe, Ketzela J. Marsh, Richard J. Martin, Dennis E. Mayock, Ryan Michael McAdams, Irene McAleer, Steven J. McElroy, Kera M. McNelis, Patrick McQuillen, William L. Meadow, Paul A. Merguerian, Lina Merjaneh, J. Lawrence Merritt, Valerie Mezger, Marian G. Michaels, Steven P. Miller, Sowmya S. Mohan, Thomas J. Mollen, Thomas R. Moore, Jeffrey C. Murray, Karen F. Murray, Debika Nandi-Munshi, Niranjana Natarajan, Jeffrey J. Neil, Kathryn D. Ness, Josef Neu, Angel Siu-Ying, Shahab Noori, Lila O'Mahony, Jonathan P. Palma, Nigel Paneth, Thomas A. Parker, Ravi Mangal Patel, Anna A. Penn, Christian M. Pettker, Shabnam Peyvandi, Cate Pihoker, Erin Plosa, Brenda B. Poindexter, Michael A. Posencheg, Benjamin E. Reinking, Samuel Rice-Townsend, Morgan K. Richards, C. Peter Richardson, Kelsey Richardson, Kevin M. Riggle, Elizabeth Robbins, Mark D. Rollins, Mark A. Rosen, Courtney K. Rowe, Inderneel Sahai, Sulagna C. Saitta, Parisa Salehi, Pablo Sanchez, Matthew A. Saxonhouse, Richard J. Schanler, Mark R. Schleiss, Thomas Scholz, Andrew L. Schwaderer, David Selewski, Zachary M. Sellers, Istvan Seri, Margarett Shnorhavorian, Eric Sibley, Robert Sidbury, Rebecca Simmons, Caitlin Smith, Martha C. Sola-Visner, Lakshmi Srinivasan, Robin H. Steinhorn, David K. Stevenson, Helen Stolp, Craig Taplin, Peter Tarczy-Hornoch, James A. Taylor, Janet A. Thomas, Tracy Thompson, George E. Tiller, Benjamin A. Torres, Christopher Michael Traudt, John N. van den Anker, Margaret M. Vernon, Betty Vohr, Valencia P. Walker, Linda D. Wallen, Matthew B. Wallenstein, Peter (Zhan Tao) Wang, Bradley A. Warady, Robert M. Ward, Jon F. Watchko, Elias Wehbi, Joern-Hendrik Weitkamp, David Werny, Klane K. White, Laurel Willig, David Woodrum, George A. Woodward, Clyde J. Wright, Jeffrey A. Wright, Karyn Yonekawa, and Elaine H. Zackai
- Published
- 2018
26. Innate and Mucosal Immunity in the Developing Gastrointestinal Tract
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Mark R. Frey, Akhil Maheshwari, Steven J. McElroy, and Benjamin A. Torres
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0301 basic medicine ,Gastrointestinal tract ,business.industry ,Gut-associated lymphoid tissue ,medicine.disease ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Intestinal epithelium ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Diabetes mellitus ,Immunology ,Necrotizing enterocolitis ,medicine ,business ,Mucosal immunity ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Published
- 2018
27. Balamuthia mandrillaris : In Vitro Interactions with Selected Protozoa and Algae
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Benjamin Nogueda Torres, José L. Tapia, and Govinda S. Visvesvara
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Naegleria fowleri ,Microscopy, Video ,biology ,Naegleria gruberi ,Toxoplasma gondii ,Balamuthia ,biology.organism_classification ,Microbiology ,Naegleria ,Amoebozoa ,Balamuthia mandrillaris ,Acanthamoeba ,Predatory Behavior ,parasitic diseases ,Animals ,Microbial Interactions ,Protozoa - Abstract
Although Balamuthia mandrillaris was identified more than two decades ago as an agent of fatal granulomatous encephalitis in humans and other animals, little is known about its ecological niche, biological behavior in the environment, food preferences and predators, if any. When infecting humans or other animals, Balamuthia feeds on tissues; and in vitro culture, it feeds on mammalian cells (monkey kidney cells, human lung fibroblasts, and human microvascular endothelial cells). According to recent reports, it is believed that Balamuthia feeds on small amebae, for example, Acanthamoeba that are present in its ecological niche. To test this hypothesis, we associated Balamuthia on a one-on-one basis with selected protozoa and algae. We videotaped the behavior of Balamuthia in the presence of a potential prey, its ability to hunt and attack its food, and the time required to eat and cause damage to the target cell by direct contact. We found that B. mandrillaris ingested trophozoites of Naegleria fowleri, Naegleria gruberi, Acanthamoeba spp., Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes, Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites, and Giardia. However, it did not feed on Acanthamoeba cysts or algae. Balamuthia caused cytolysis of T. cruzi epimastigotes and T. gondii tachyzoites by direct contact. Balamuthia trophozoites and cysts were, however, eaten by Paramecium sp.
- Published
- 2013
28. Effect of Antenatal Corticosteroids and Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormones on Outcome of Surfactant-Treated Neonates
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Fernando R. Moya, Catherine M. Groh, and Benjamin A. Torres
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Mechanical ventilation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Birth weight ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Gestational age ,Retinopathy of prematurity ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,Air leak ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Medicine ,Betamethasone ,business ,Hormone ,medicine.drug - Abstract
We conducted a retrospective study designed to assess the impact of antenatal combined treatment with betamethasone and TRH on preterm neonates receiving prophylactic Exosurf at birth. Of 71 neonates entered in the study, 35 received Exosurf alone and 36 were exposed prenatally to both hormones and also received Exosurf. Gestational age and birth weight were comparable in both groups (29.0 ± 2.9 weeks and 1.17 ± 0.35 kg versus 29.0 ± 3.2 weeks and 1.15 ± 0.34 kg, mean ± SD, respectively). Likewise, the proportion of neonates intubated at 72 h after birth and their ventilatory settings at that time were similar. Significant decreases of retinopathy of prematurity and death or need for mechanical ventilation at 28 days were noted in surfactant-treated neonates exposed to prenatal hormones. However, severe PIVH, PDA and need for supplemental O2 beyond 28 days after birth occurred in the same proportion of neonates from either group. Although overall mortality and air leaks occurred less frequently in neonate...
- Published
- 1994
29. A twin gestation complicated by gastroschisis in both twins
- Author
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Kirsten Duesenberg, Kathy B. Porter, William F. O'Brien, Sandra Saadeh, Armando Fuentes, and Benjamin A. Torres
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Abdominal wall ,Fetus ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,business.industry ,Gastroschisis ,Obstetrics ,Twin gestation ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,business ,medicine.disease ,Twin Pregnancy - Published
- 1996
30. A multicenter randomized, masked comparison trial of natural versus synthetic surfactant for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome
- Author
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Vivien Carrion, Janet E. Graeber, Kathleen M. Laskay, Robert D. Jansen, Michael J. Horgan, David J. Durand, Marc R. Belcastro, Elizabeth J. Matteson, Edmund A. Egan, Michael J. Balsan, Merchline M. Riddlesberger, Mark L Hudak, Alan S. Brody, August L. Jung, Randy R. Miller, Adam A. Rosenberg, Sharon Buckwald, Benjamin A. Torres, Elaine E. Farrell, Pamela K. Donohue, Richard L. Auten, Paul Montgomery, William W. Maniscalco, and David J. Martin
- Subjects
Time Factors ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Phosphorylcholine ,Mean airway pressure ,Polyethylene Glycols ,Alveolar gas equation ,Fraction of inspired oxygen ,Medicine ,Humans ,Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ,Mechanical ventilation ,Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ,Cross-Over Studies ,Respiratory distress ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Infant, Newborn ,Pneumothorax ,Pulmonary Surfactants ,Length of Stay ,medicine.disease ,Respiration, Artificial ,Confidence interval ,Survival Rate ,Drug Combinations ,Treatment Outcome ,Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ,Respiratory failure ,Pulmonary Emphysema ,Anesthesia ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Linear Models ,Fatty Alcohols ,business - Abstract
To compare the efficacy and safety of two surfactant preparations in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).We conducted a randomized, masked comparison trial at 21 centers. Infants with RDS who were undergoing mechanical ventilation were eligible for treatment with two doses of either a synthetic (Exosurf) or natural (Infasurf) surfactant if the ratio of arterial to alveolar partial pressure of oxygen was less than or equal to 0.22. Crossover treatment was allowed within 96 hours of age if severe respiratory failure (defined as two consecutive arterial/alveolar oxygen tension ratiosor = 0.10) persisted after two doses of the randomly assigned surfactant. Four primary outcome measures of efficacy (the incidence of pulmonary air leak (or = 7 days); the severity of RDS; the incidence of death from RDS; and the incidence of survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 28 days after birth) were compared by means of linear regression techniques.The primary analysis of efficacy was performed in 1033 eligible infants and an analysis of safety outcomes in the 1126 infants who received study surfactant. Preentry demographic characteristics and respiratory status were similar for the two treatment groups, except for a small but significant difference in mean gestational age (0.5 week) that favored the infasurf treatment group. Pulmonary air leak (or = 7 days) occurred in 21% of Exosurf- and 11% of infasurf-treated infants (adjusted relative risk, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.40 to 0.71; por = 0.0001). During the 72 hours after the initial surfactant treatment, the average fraction of inspired oxygen (+/-SEM) was 0.47 +/- 0.01 for Exosurf- and 0.39 +/- 0.01 for infasurf-treated infants (difference, 0.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.06 to 0.10; p0.0001); the average mean airway pressure (+/-SEM) was 8.6 +/- 0.1 cm H2O; for Exosurf- and 7.2 +/- 0.1 cm H2O for Infasurf-treated infants (difference, 1.4 cm H2O; 95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 1.8 cm H2O; p0.0001). The incidences of RDS-related death, total respiratory death, death to discharge, and survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 28 days after birth did not differ. The number of days of more than 30% inspired oxygen and of assisted ventilation, but not the duration of hospitalization, were significantly lower in Infasurf-treated infants.Compared with Exosurf, Infasurf provided more effective therapy for RDS as assessed by significant reductions in the severity of respiratory disease and in the incidence of air leak complications.
- Published
- 1996
31. Fracturas expuestas: experiencia de 5,207 casos. Presentación de una nueva clasificación.
- Author
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Ruiz-Martinex, Fernando, Reyes-Gallardo, Anselmo, Jimenez, Alejandro Almanza, Avalos, Jose Angel Vargas, Torres, Elpidio Castillo, Rodriguez, Fryda Medina, Sanchez, Monica Sanchez, Fernandez, Benjamin Joel Torres, Ruiz, Octavio Gonzalez, Peredo, Hugo Manrique, and Aguilar, Ricardo Barranco
- Published
- 1999
32. Repositioning FDA Drugs as Potential Cruzain Inhibitors from Trypanosoma cruzi: Virtual Screening, In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
- Author
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Isidro Palos, Edgar E. Lara-Ramirez, Julio Cesar Lopez-Cedillo, Carlos Garcia-Perez, Muhammad Kashif, Virgilio Bocanegra-Garcia, Benjamin Nogueda-Torres, and Gildardo Rivera
- Subjects
drug repositioning ,Trypanosoma cruzi ,docking ,cruzain ,FDA drugs ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which affects underdeveloped countries. The current drugs of choice are nifurtimox and benznidazole, but both have severe adverse effects and less effectivity in chronic infections; therefore, the need to discover new drugs is essential. A computer-guided drug repositioning method was applied to identify potential FDA drugs (approved and withdrawn) as cruzain (Cz) inhibitors and trypanocidal effects were confirmed by in vitro and in vivo studies. 3180 FDA drugs were virtually screened using a structure-based approach. From a first molecular docking analysis, a set of 33 compounds with the best binding energies were selected. Subsequent consensus affinity binding, ligand amino acid contact clustering analysis, and ranked position were used to choose four known pharmacological compounds to be tested in vitro. Mouse blood samples infected with trypomastigotes from INC-5 and NINOA strains were used to test the trypanocidal effect of four selected compounds. Among these drugs, one fibrate antilipemic (etofyllin clofibrate) and three β-lactam antibiotics (piperacillin, cefoperazone, and flucloxacillin) showed better trypanocidal effects (LC50 range 15.8–26.1 μg/mL) in comparison with benznidazole and nifurtimox (LC50 range 33.1–46.7 μg/mL). A short-term in vivo evaluation of these compounds showed a reduction of parasitemia in infected mice (range 90–60%) at 6 h, but this was low compared to benznidazole (50%). This work suggests that four known FDA drugs could be used to design and obtain new trypanocidal agents.
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- 2017
- Full Text
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33. Trypanocidal Activity of Quinoxaline 1,4 Di-N-oxide Derivatives as Trypanothione Reductase Inhibitors
- Author
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Karla Fabiola Chacón-Vargas, Benjamin Nogueda-Torres, Luvia E. Sánchez-Torres, Erick Suarez-Contreras, Juan Carlos Villalobos-Rocha, Yuridia Torres-Martinez, Edgar E. Lara-Ramirez, Giulia Fiorani, R. Luise Krauth-Siegel, Maria Laura Bolognesi, Antonio Monge, and Gildardo Rivera
- Subjects
isopropyl quinoxaline-7-carboxylate 1,4-di-N-oxide ,Trypanosoma cruzi ,trypanothione reductase inhibitors ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis is a worldwide public health problem. In this work, we evaluated 26 new propyl and isopropyl quinoxaline-7-carboxylate 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives as potential trypanocidal agents. Additionally, molecular docking and enzymatic assays on trypanothione reductase (TR) were performed to provide a basis for their potential mechanism of action. Seven compounds showed better trypanocidal activity on epimastigotes than the reference drugs, and only four displayed activity on trypomastigotes; T-085 was the lead compound with an IC50 = 59.9 and 73.02 µM on NINOA and INC-5 strain, respectively. An in silico analysis proposed compound T-085 as a potential TR inhibitor with better affinity than the natural substrate. Enzymatic analysis revealed that T-085 inhibits parasite TR non-competitively. Compound T-085 carries a carbonyl, a CF3, and an isopropyl carboxylate group at 2-, 3- and 7-position, respectively. These results suggest the chemical structure of this compound as a good starting point for the design and synthesis of novel trypanocidal derivatives with higher TR inhibitory potency and lower toxicity.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Desarrollo de un biopolímero a base de colágeno para aplicaciones automotrices
- Author
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ROMAN DANIEL ROMERO MITRE, JOSE VICTOR GALAVIZ RODRIGUEZ, BENJAMIN HERNANDEZ TORRES, Raúl Pérez Bustamante, and ISAIAS EMMANUEL GARDUÑO OLVERA
- Subjects
Biopolímeros [Palabra clave del autor] ,Manufactura sustentable [Palabra clave del autor] ,Tecnología e ingenierías mecánicas [Palabra clave del autor] ,Biopolymers [Palabra clave del autor] ,Máquinas herramientas y accesorios [Palabra clave del autor] ,3317 [cti] ,Sustainable manufacture [Palabra clave del autor] ,Automotive [Palabra clave del autor] ,331707 [cti] ,Automotriz [Palabra clave del autor] ,7 [cti] ,33 [cti] - Abstract
El tema de investigación de esta tesis es el desarrollo de un material de origen polimérico sustentable proveniente de los huesos y cartílagos de las aves de corral de los cuales se obtiene el colágeno que es esencial para hacer la polimerización por condensación, que pueda ser aplicado en la manufactura de partes automotrices. El problema que se quiere resolver con este trabajo es reducir el impacto que representan las autopartes fabricadas con polímeros de origen fósil desde su obtención, procesamiento hasta su desecho, tal problemática involucra un alto consumo de recursos energéticos en sus primeras etapas del ciclo de vida y un consumo de energía adicional en su reciclaje además de la contaminación ambiental que producen las partes que no se reciclan. Los biopolímeros a base de colágeno no se han usado en autopartes debido a que no se ha considerado el uso de materiales que ayuden a mejorar sus propiedades mecánicas y térmicas. Para resolver este problema se uso el bórax, la grenetina y un retardante a la flama, en conjunto con los parámetros de tiempo y temperatura controlados para obtener las resistencias deseadas. La investigación se realizó en base a los fundamentos de la polimerización que en junto con la metodología diseño de experimentos se logró obtener la mejor combinación de los principales componentes del biopolímero. Los mayores hallazgos fueron la buena resistencia mecánica y térmica del biopolímero ligeramente superior a un polímero de uso automotriz como el polipropileno. La aportación de este trabajo es la obtención de un material amigable con el medio ambiente que cumple con normas automotrices en lo referente a la flamabilidad, envejecimiento y resistencia al calor, el cual se aplicó en el diseño y la manufactura de una cortina automotriz, como una opción al problema de la incandescencia que produce la luz del sol al conducir o de viajar en coche. The investigation theme of this thesis is the development of a material of sustainable polymeric origin coming from poultry bones and cartilage of which obtains the collagen that is essential to make the step condensation in order to apply it in automotive parts manufacturing. The problem that wants to solve with this work is reducing the impact that represents the automotive parts fabricated of fossil origin polymers from their obtaining, processing and disposal, such problem involves a high consumption of energetic resources in their first stages of lifecycle and an additional consumption of energy in their recycling besides of the environmental pollution that produce the automotive part that do not recycle. The biopolymers based on collagen have not used in automotive parts due to it has not considered the using of materials that help theirs mechanical and thermal properties. To solve this problem, it used borax, grenetin and a flame retarder altogether with controlled time and temperature parameters to obtain the desired strengths. The investigation made based on polymerization fundamentals that together with design of experiments methodology, it achieved to get the best combination of the main components of the biopolymer. The major findings were the good mechanical and thermal strength of the biopolymer slightly superior to an automotive polymer like polypropylene. The contribution of this work is the obtaining of an environmental friendly material that meets the automotive standards regarding to flammability, aging and thermal strength, which applied in the design and manufacture of an automotive blind, as an option to the incandescence that sunlight produces when driving or traveling by car.
- Published
- 2019
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