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The purpose of this study is to ascertain the chemical composition of Horsfieldia macrothyrsa leaves and twigs by using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) to extract the hexane (non-polar) fraction, which has antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. As per the findings, the primary constituents of this fraction were fatty acids and sesquiterpenes, with the other constituents being sesamin (13.32% twigs), palmitic acid (20.58% leaves), squalene (2.7% twigs), and linolenic acid (25.56% leaves). According to the antidiabetic activity test, the hexane fraction of H. macrothyrsa twigs exhibited an IC50 of 23.230 ± 0.22 μg/mL. In contrast, the antioxidant values of the leaves and twigs ranged from 50 μg/mL. The breast cancer cell line MCF-7 exhibited cytotoxic capability in an in vitro anticancer assay.

The Macaranga species (Euphorbiaceae), also known locally as "mahang", has been used in traditional medicine due to its potential health benefits. Around 12 species of the Macaranga have been found to contain more than 50 flavonoid compounds, which are the primary secondary metabolites in this genus. Free radicals can lead to organ damage, resulting in various chronic and degenerative disorders. Active antioxidant compounds can help inhibit the oxidation process caused by free radicals, and phenolic compounds, mainly from the flavonoid group, are thought to be present in Macaranga hypoleuca as a source of natural antioxidants. This study aimed to identify the antioxidant potential of methanol extract and its fractions of M. hypoleuca using the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods using a UV-Vis spectrometer method, as well as to determine total phenol and total flavonoid levels. The highest antioxidant activity of the DPPH and ABTS methods was found in the ethyl acetate fraction with IC50 values of 14.31 and 2.10 mg/L respectively. Meanwhile, the highest antioxidant activity of the FRAP method was found in the butanol fraction with an IC50 value of 0.48 mg/L. The highest total phenol and flavonoid content was found in the butanol fraction at 27.51 mg GAE/g and 88.42 mg QE/g respectively.

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The purpose of this study is to determine whether capital structure, investment decisions, and firm size have an impact on firm value by examining profitability as a moderating factor. A quantitative methodology is used in this study. The population used in this study are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange through the website www.idx. co.id Jakarta Islamic Index 70 company in the 2019-2022 period. This study uses panel data regression model analysis. Within this research, STATA 17 version was used, also Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian is used to test the ordinary least square model versus random effect model regression. Meanwhile, Chow test is used to test ordinary least square model regression versus fixed effect model and Hausman test is used to find the most suitable panel data regression model between fixed effect model and random effect model. The results of this study indicate that capital structure affects firm value, investment decisions and firm size have no effect on firm value, profitability is able to moderate the effect of capital structure and investment decisions on firm value, while profitability is unable to moderate firm size on firm value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endophytic bacteria isolated from medicinal plants are recognized as a source of valuable secondary metabolites. The present study aimed to isolate and evaluate the potential antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties of endophytic bacteria associated with Myristica fatua Houtt, along with molecular identification and chemical composition analysis of the most potential isolate. A total of 25 isolates were obtained from the root, leaf, and stem bark of M. fatua. 16 isolates (64%) exhibited antibacterial activity against at least one target strain. Preliminary screening showed that the D2 isolate displayed remarkable antibacterial activity against four targeted strains. D2- derived metabolite extract possessed moderate antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1,875 μg/mL for E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus, and 3,750 μg/mL for B. subtilis, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of > 3,750 μg/mL. Furthermore, D2 extract exhibited weak antioxidant activity against DPPH (IC50: 242.61±3.2 μg/mL) and ABTS (IC50: 317.32±9.3 μg/mL). In the concentration of 100 μg/mL, the extract was able to decrease the viability of MCF-7 and HepG2 cells, with inhibition percentages of 52.6±9.7 and 41.5±9.36%, respectively. 16S rRNA-based identification confirmed D2 isolate was very similar (99.92%) to Stutzerimonas stutzeri strain SM12. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the D2 extract were 21.11±2.3 mg GAE/g extract and 8.12±1.2 mg QE/g extract, respectively. At least fifteen volatile compounds were found in the D2 extract, as identified using GC-MS analysis. Four out of 15 compounds are well known responsible for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties, such as 2,4-di-tert-butyl phenol, pyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. The present study suggests that endophytic S. stutzeri strain D2 isolated from M. fatua Houtt could be a good source of active compounds valuable for pharmaceutical purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frugal Eco-Innovation (FEI) has become crucial for supporting the hospitality industry in third-world countries facing sustainability challenges. FEI can potentially enhance the environmental performance of employees in the hospitality sector. However, there is a lack of empirical studies on this topic in the existing literature. Therefore, our research aims to investigate the impact of Green Transformational Leadership (GTL), Green Work Engagement (GWE), and Green Job Crafting (GJC) on frugal eco-innovation. We conducted our study using a self-administered questionnaire, collecting data from 298 employees working in tourist hotels in Bali. We employed covariance-based structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses. Our statistical analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between green transformational leadership and overall frugal eco-innovation (b=0.215, t=2.954, p<0.003). This result suggests that GTL significantly promotes frugal eco-innovation for sustainable practices among green hoteliers. Furthermore, our results indicated that GTL is equally important for both green job crafting and green work engagement. GTL practices were positively correlated with both variables (b=0.377, t=5.289, p<0.000; b=0.542, t=7.744, p<0.000). Lastly, we found that GTL has a significant indirect effect on FEI, mediated by GWE and GJC, with a partial mediation effect. This empirical investigation is the first that provides an organized way to examine the effects of green transformational leadership on frugal eco-innovation and recommends the most effective means for hoteliers to embrace the best policies for sustainable practice. This study has important policy implications for harnessing individual development into resource-constraint green management practice. Additionally, GTL provides a supportive environment for employees with green crafting and engagement to realize their green potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aglaia foveolata Pannell (A. foveolata) is a type of plant that has many benefits, including the skin, leaves, roots, and seeds as medicinal ingredients. The potential of this plant is inseparable from the content of various bioactive compounds. This study aims to isolate, characterize the active compound from the stem bark of A. foveolata and test its activity as an antioxidant with the ABTS method, cytotoxic (MCF-7 cancer cells) with the MTT method, and antibacterial (bacterial strains ATCC and MDR) with the MIC. There are four isolated compounds obtained, namely (1) 17,24-epoxy-25-hydroxybaccharan-3-one, (2) β-stigmasterol glucoside, (3) Eichlerianic acid, and (4) 17,24-epoxy-25 -hydroxy-3- oxobaccharan-21-oic acid, which is a class of triterpenoid and steroid compounds. The best activity as an antioxidant was compound 3 (25.68 µg/mL); cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells namely compound 4 (94.59 µg/mL); antibacterial activity against ATCC strains: (1) P. aeruginosa namely compound 3 (29.4 µg/mL), (2) E. coli, (3) S. aureus, (4) B. subtilis for compounds 1, 2, and 4 have the same activity (62.5 µg/mL) while compound 3 was not active; MDR bacterial strains: (1) P. aeruginosa namely compound 4 (62.5 µg/mL), (2) E. coli namely compound 3 (62.5 µg/mL), (3) S. aureus namely compound 4 (62 .5 µg/mL), (4) B. subtilis namely compound 4 (62.5 µg/mL) and (5) K. pneumoniae namely compound 1 (125 µg/mL). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The biological activities of extracts and isolated compounds of Macaranga mappa stem bark for antidiabetic herbal medicine, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities have been determined. The antidiabetic, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities of the sample were carried out by inhibition value of a-glucosidase, DPPH method, and brine shrimp larvae method, respectively. The initial methanol extract and its fractions have good activities against antidiabetics and antioxidants, except for the hexane fraction. The fractions with the highest activity for the antidiabetic and antioxidant tests were the water fraction IC50 6.654 ppm and the butanol fraction IC50 32.34 ppm, respectively. The toxicity test results with the BSLT method showed that all fractions were non-toxic LC50>1000 ppm. The isolated compound from the ethyl acetate fraction was a coumarin derivative, namely scopoletin, with antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]