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In this study, the effect of nitrogen doses (52, 80, 110, 140 kg/ha N) and the application of biostimulant preparations containing Ascophyllum nodosum L. algae extract were assessed. During the years 2018–2019, the influence of the preparations on the electrical capacity of the roots (C R) and yield components of spring barley was determined. Root electrical capacitance was determined in growth stages 45–50, 55–65, and 70–75 according to the BBCH-scale. The best phases of vegetation growth for the application of biostimulators with Ascophyllum nodosum extract were the barley tillering and elongation phases. This application increased C R while reducing the amount of N required to achieve similar or higher production of barley yield components compared to high N treatments. The root electrical capacitance, the number of productive tillers, and the number of grains per plant were significantly influenced (p > 0.05) by the weather of the year. The number of productive tillers was closely correlated with C R (r = 0.912**) as well as the number of grains per plant (r = 0.859**) and their weight (r = 0.850**). These relationships were the highest at the beginning of the grain formation (BBCH 70–75). Foliar biostimulation was not very effective in the dry year of 2018. The problem may be the foliar application itself. The effect of foliar application is strongly dependent on weather conditions and may be ineffective in many cases. We recommend the foliar application of effective biostimulants in tillering and elongation phases. They can reduce production costs and environmental pollution by reducing the amount of fertilizer needed while maintaining yields.

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Copyright of Waste Forum is the property of Czech Environment Management Center (CEMC) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the research we focus on opinions of students from FTVŠ UK about tattoos. Tattoos are defined as kind of needling colorful elements into injured skin. Tattoos are very popular among young people, however in our society there are various opinions on them. Tattoos are a form of self-expression, a reference to some social group, a fashion accessory or simple a need to differ from others. There are some health risks according to tattoos such as AIDS, hepatitis C or tetanus but also allergies, cysts or bleeding. Prejudices toward tattoos are lower when a person has his own tattoo on body. Some researchers found out that people who wear tattoos are more liable to alcohol and drug usage and their sexual behavior is more risky compared to people who don't wear tattoos. Another research focused on relationship between wearing a tattoo and self-confidence or wearing a tattoo and personality characteristics. They found out that women who wear four or more tattoos seemed to be more self-confident compared to women who don't wear any tattoo or who wear three or less tattoos. Another finding was that people who wear tattoos are more conscientious, extroverted, sexually unattached and they were in more need of attention and uniqueness compared to people who don't wear any tattoo. Another topic is prejudice to tattoos and tattooed people entirely. Considering another research, it seemed to be common that people who don't have tattoo have more prejudices to tattooed people regarding to larger area tattooed. So, the larger area on body is tattooed the more prejudices from people without tattoos are coming. Tattooed people seemed to be more tolerant to other people tattoos. We used a non-standardized questionnaire made by us to find out the opinions of students. Research sample consisted of 142 students (n=142), average age was 20,26 years. Following our findings, we found out that in our research sample there were 17,6% of respondents who have tattoo and even 83,8% of respondents like tattoos. In future would like to have a tattoo 39,4% of respondents, 23,2% don't want any and 37,3% don't know yet. Majority of respondents (57%) think that tattoo is considered neutral in our society, 40,2% think that tattoos are acceptable and 2,8% think that tattoos are not acceptable in our society. Moreover 90,1% of respondents consider tattoos as a form of art. The most objections to tattoos in various professions had health workers when 18,4% of respondents present they have a problem with health workers wearing a tattoo. Next profession with the most objections to tattoos was government workers with 17,6% and teachers, trainers and workers on official positions (such as bank workers or driver in public transport) least objections to tattoos (9,2%). Our respondents were very satisfied with their tattoos (75%) or satisfied with their tattoos (25%). None of our respondents was unsatisfied with his or her tattoo. The strongest motive to get a tattoo was a personally important event or memory in 60% of respondents with tattoo. In our research sample there were 4,2% smokers, 19,7% occasional smokers, 4,2% past smokers and 71,8% nonsmokers. We found a significant negative relationship between having a tattoo and use of alcohol and significant relationship between having a tattoo and planning to get a tattoo in future. Another finding is that there is a significant negative relationship between liking tattoos and objections against tattoos among healthcare workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There were developed samples of fermented meat products of „Mettwurst“ with an addition of a starter culture pentosacceus AS-3/100 or probiotic culture Lactobacillus casei Lc-01 and its combinations for this thesis. A part of animal fat was replaced with vegetable oils-sunflower oil and rapeseed oil. For comparison, there was also used a sample without an addition of vegetable oil. There were determined the characteristics of fats in samples: saponification value, acidity value, esteric, iodine and peroxide value. The samples were determined on the day of production and always once a week in a period of three following weeks. Every single sample was hereby determined 3 times. According to the results, it is more advantageous to use the samples with sunflower oil with an addition of specific cultures Lactobacillus casei Lc-01 and Pediococcus pentosaceus AS-3/100. The saponification value when adding sunflower oil detects that the quality of fat remains stable till the 14th day of storage (p <0.05). The comparison of acid value detects that a sample with sunflower oil and culture Pediococcus pentosaceus AS-3/100 is more advantageous due to fast acidification in the first half of storage period. Good results of iodine and peroxide value had the variation of a sample with sunflower oil and a combination of both cultures. The variation of peroxide value maintained the lowest values. By using the samples with sunflower oil and unispecific cultures L. casei Lc-01 and P. pentosaceus AS-3/100, the culture P. pentosaceus AS-3/100, which remained stable till the 14th day of production, reached the best values of peroxide value. The sunflower oil is in spite of high content of PUFA more stable to which also contributes the increased content of vitamin E that works as an antioxidant here. The disadvantage of rapeseed oil is its higher susceptibility to oxidation. For reasons of faster decomposition of vegetable oils would be essential to cut down on the minimum durability. From the 14th day of storage, the content of free FA increases and the fat is still considerably quickly oxidized. The content of unsaturated FA, of which the vegetable fat is a source, quickly decreases. The sensory quality simultaneously decreases, too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]