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Comprehensive Summary: Recently, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted wide attention due to its less susceptibility to drug resistance, broad‐spectrum biocidal activity and biosafety in normal tissues. However, the traditional photosensitizers (PSs) face the disadvantage of poor therapeutic efficacy due to the requirement of an aerobic environment to generate 1O2 through Type ІI pathway. Herein, we designed and synthesized a novel cationic conjugated oligomer oligo(phenylene vinylene) (OPV) and studied its antibacterial photodynamic activity against both Gram‐negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram‐positive bacteria methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Importantly, the OPV can rapidly produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) through double pathways, Type I and II mechanism under white light irradiation, and efficiently kill E. coli and MRSA at a nanomolar level. The dual type photosensitizing capability makes OPV promising for enhanced PDT to treat pathogens and tumors in complex environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of biostimulants to enhance microbial activity has been extensively reported. However, their regulatory properties on the ecological security of in situ composting have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, the effects of two biostimulants (fermentation agent [FM] and fulvic acid [FA]) on in situ composting were investigated under field conditions. The abundances of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), as well as those of the microbial communities and the activities of enzymes, were comprehensively investigated. The addition of biostimulants significantly reduced the abundances of streptomycin and sulfonamide resistance genes by 79%–97% and decreased the abundance of Gammaproteobacteria. This was particularly true for species that are members of the Enterobacteriaceae and contain many ARGs. The addition of biostimulants promoted the succession of bacterial communities toward enhancing the solubility of phosphorus, promoting the degradation of aromatic compounds, and reducing the emissions of NO x gas. The application of FA and FM resulted in distinct bacterial network structures, and many negative correlations were associated with ARGs in the temperature subnetwork in the FM treatment. This study provides an effective strategy for the in situ treatment of agricultural waste and underscores the significance of biostimulants in improving the biological safety of medium-temperature in-situ composting. [Display omitted] • Biostimulants significantly optimizes in situ combined composting. • Biostimulations increased the available phosphorus content in the compost. • FM promoted the environmental safety of compost by reducing the abundance of ARGs. • FA resulted in bacterial network integration, and FM in network differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antibiotic resistance has posed a great threat to human health. The emergence of antibiotic resistance has always outpaced the development of new antibiotics, and the investment in the development of new antibiotics is diminishing. Supramolecular self-assembly of the conventional antibacterial agents has been proved to be a promising and versatile strategy to tackle the serious problem of antibiotic resistance. In this review, the recent development of antibacterial agents based on supramolecular self-assembly strategies will be introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is regarded as an effective project delivery method that can deal with the challenge of the rapid development of the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. In the IPD team, the alliance profit is not distributed fairly and effectively due to uncertainty, preventing the achievement of the IPD project goals. This study focuses on optimizing the profit distribution among stakeholders in IPD projects and uses quadratic programming models to solve fuzzy cooperative games in the IPD. A payoff function is used in the fuzzy alliance to determine the characteristics of the interval-valued fuzzy numbers, and different weights of the alliance and the efficiency of the player's participation in the IPD are considered in the profit distribution. A case study is conducted, and the results of the proposed method are compared with those of crisp cooperative games. The results show that the fuzzy cooperative game increases the profit of participants in IPD projects. It is more practical to use weight fuzzy cooperative games than crisp games to express imputation. Moreover, the quadratic programming models and methods result in a fair and efficient profit distribution scheme in IPD projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we report the first experimental results of a novel 4H-silicon carbide (SiC) p-i-n photodetector based on a vertical nanocone array (NCA). It is fabricated by electron beam lithography and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching technology. The performance of static and dynamic behavior was studied systematically. It shows the responsivity of ~41.9 mA/W under 360 nm at a bias voltage of −0.5 V and has a linear response to the ultraviolet (UV) light in a wide light intensity range of 0.1–104 mW/cm2. The response time decreased as the light intensity rose from 3 mW/cm2 to 5 W/cm2 and then leveled off at higher light intensity (>100 mW/cm2), which is about 0.25 ms. The photodetector −3-dB cutoff is ~3400 Hz at $\boldsymbol {\lambda } = 360$ nm and light intensity = 100 mW/cm2. Besides, the detector can respond to the UV light from 260 to 360 nm and the peak responsivity is ~78 mA/W at 320 nm. The analysis results have reference values for the development of an innovative 4H-SiC UV photodetector to some extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A two-terminal 4H-SiC n-p-n bipolar phototransistor detector (PTD) with high gain is demonstrated. It was fabricated using the 4H-SiC epitaxial wafer grown by high-temperature chemical vapor deposition. The PTD shows a large photocurrent and responsivity enhancement over the conventional 4H-SiC p-i-n photodetector (PD). These enhancement effects are owing to the internal gain of the bipolar transistor. The detector shows a high optical gain of ~ 1450 at 360 nm and has a linear response to the ultraviolet (UV) light in the wide light intensity range of 0.7– 700 μW/cm2 at a low operating voltage of 3 V. The PTD can respond to the UV light from 220 to 340 nm and the peak responsivity is ~ 125A/W at 275 nm. This work is significant for developing high-performance SiC-based bipolar phototransistors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the inherent resistance of bacterial biofilms to antibiotics and their serious threat to global public health, novel therapeutic agents and strategies to tackle biofilms are urgently needed. To this end, we designed and synthesized a novel guanidinium‐functionalized pillar[5]arene (GP5) that exhibited high antibacterial potency against Gram‐negative E. coli (BH101) and Gram‐positive S. aureus (ATCC25904) strains. More importantly, GP5 effectively disrupted preformed E. coli biofilms by efficient penetration through biofilm barriers and subsequent destruction of biofilm‐enclosed bacteria. Furthermore, host–guest complexation between GP5 and cefazolin sodium, a conventional antibiotic that otherwise shows negligible activity against biofilms, exhibited much enhanced, synergistic disruption activity against E. coli biofilms, thus providing a novel supramolecular platform to effectively disrupt biofilms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the inherent resistance of bacterial biofilms to antibiotics and their serious threat to global public health, novel therapeutic agents and strategies to tackle biofilms are urgently needed. To this end, we designed and synthesized a novel guanidinium‐functionalized pillar[5]arene (GP5) that exhibited high antibacterial potency against Gram‐negative E. coli (BH101) and Gram‐positive S. aureus (ATCC25904) strains. More importantly, GP5 effectively disrupted preformed E. coli biofilms by efficient penetration through biofilm barriers and subsequent destruction of biofilm‐enclosed bacteria. Furthermore, host–guest complexation between GP5 and cefazolin sodium, a conventional antibiotic that otherwise shows negligible activity against biofilms, exhibited much enhanced, synergistic disruption activity against E. coli biofilms, thus providing a novel supramolecular platform to effectively disrupt biofilms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Highly efficient light‐harvesting systems were successfully fabricated in aqueous solution based on the supramolecular self‐assembly of a water‐soluble pillar[6]arene (WP6), a salicylaldehyde azine derivative (G), and two different fluorescence dyes, Nile Red (NiR) or Eosin Y (ESY). The WP6‐G supramolecular assembly exhibits remarkably improved aggregation‐induced emission enhancement and acts as a donor for the artificial light‐harvesting system, and NiR or ESY, which are loaded within the WP6‐G assembly, act as acceptors. An efficient energy‐transfer process takes place from the WP6‐G assembly not only to NiR but also to ESY for these two different systems. Furthermore, both of the WP6‐G‐NiR and WP6‐G‐ESY systems show an ultrahigh antenna effect at a high donor/acceptor ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Highly efficient light‐harvesting systems were successfully fabricated in aqueous solution based on the supramolecular self‐assembly of a water‐soluble pillar[6]arene (WP6), a salicylaldehyde azine derivative (G), and two different fluorescence dyes, Nile Red (NiR) or Eosin Y (ESY). The WP6‐G supramolecular assembly exhibits remarkably improved aggregation‐induced emission enhancement and acts as a donor for the artificial light‐harvesting system, and NiR or ESY, which are loaded within the WP6‐G assembly, act as acceptors. An efficient energy‐transfer process takes place from the WP6‐G assembly not only to NiR but also to ESY for these two different systems. Furthermore, both of the WP6‐G‐NiR and WP6‐G‐ESY systems show an ultrahigh antenna effect at a high donor/acceptor ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A bola-type supra-amphiphile assembled from a water-soluble pillar[5]arene host (WP5) and a rod-coil guest molecule (G) containing a photoactive 9,10-dialkoxyanthracene group was successfully constructed, which could further assemble into a monolayer supramolecular vesicle. Interestingly, the photodecomposition rate of G was remarkably promoted after its aggregation with WP5, accompanied by the disassembly of the formed supramolecular vesicle, especially with the coassembly of a photosensitizer eosin Y, which has potential applications in phototherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Piezoresistive pressure sensors based on SMART CUT® SOI wafer have been developed, which can be used in extreme high temperature environments. It has been demonstrated that the resistance value of a heavily doped thin film (∼0.34μm) resistor increases monotonically with temperature up to 600°C. This is much higher than the maximum temperature of 330°C normally shown in bulk silicon resistors. An analytical model is developed to explain how to extend the maximum operating temperature range based on doping effects and minority-carrier exclusion effects. Two types of packaging have been developed for different applications; one is for low pressure, high accuracy application, the other is for high pressure, high temperature application. The former is fully characterized across the range of 0.5–25psi and −55 to 300°C and the latter is calibrated across the range of 16–600psi and −55 to 500°C. A digitized curve fitting technique is used to calibrate the sensors by use of on-chip temperature signals. After curve fitting, the accuracy is <0.05% F.S. for the first type of the pressure sensor and <0.25% F.S. for the second type of the pressure sensor. A very low pressure hysteresis (<0.1% FS) at 500°C indicates that the single crystal silicon diaphragm is capable of operating at very high temperature without creep or plastic deformation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is an ideal therapeutic modality with endogenous H 2 O 2 as stimulus. Most intracellular H 2 O 2 supplement strategies for improving CDT efficiency are strongly rely on oxygen participation, and the hypoxia tumor microenvironment impairs their performance. Here we develop a self-assembled metal-organic coordinated nanoparticle Cu–OCNP/Lap with NIR-II reinforced intracellular cyclic reaction to enhance CDT efficiency. Cu–OCNP/Lap is synthesized using Cu2+ as nodes and 1,4,5,8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone (THQ) and banoxantrone dihydrochloride (AQ4N) as ligands, with β-lapachone (β-Lap) loading to conduct intracellular cyclic reaction. Cu–OCNP/Lap has good photothermal effect at NIR-II window, and the corresponding local temperature increase speeds blood flow and supplies sufficient oxygen at tumor site to reinforce β-Lap cyclic reaction with abundant H 2 O 2 generation. Cu+ is released from Cu–OCNP/Lap in response to glutathione (GSH) and triggers CDT. Sufficient intracellular H 2 O 2 supply enhances CDT effect and demonstrates good suppressions for tumor growth. This design offers a promising strategy to enhance CDT efficiency. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frontispiz: Synthesis and Bioactivity of Guanidinium-Functionalized Pillar[5]arene as a Biofilm Disruptor Keywords: antibiotics; biofilm disruptors; guanidinium; host-guest systems; pillar[5]arene EN antibiotics biofilm disruptors guanidinium host-guest systems pillar[5]arene 1 1 1 01/06/21 20210111 NES 210111 B Supramolekulare Chemie b . Antibiotics, biofilm disruptors, guanidinium, host-guest systems, pillar[5]arene. [Extracted from the article]

A luminescence supramolecular hyperbranched polymer is reversibly fabricated by successively adding acid and base to a solution of an AB2 platinum(ii) monomer in dichloromethane on the basis of acid–base controllable host–guest recognition of dibenzo[24]crown-8 moieties with dialkylammonium ion centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RNA interference (RNAi) therapy has become an appealing approach for cancer treatment, while the specificity and efficiency of controlled small interference RNA (siRNA) release remain challenging due to the heterogeneity of tumor environment. Herein, upconversion nano-onions (UCNOs) with stacked polymer coating layers are constructed to decompose sequentially in response to extracellular environment and NIR stimulation. The UCNOs (UCNPs-PEIRB-PEISeSe/siRNA-R8-HA) are composed of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) core functionalized with inner coating layer of photosensitizer rose bengal (RB) conjugated PEI 600, middle coating layer of singlet oxygen (1O 2) sensitive diselenide linked PEI 600 with therapeutic siRNA loading and cell-penetrating peptide R8 modification, and outer coating layer of negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA). HA prevents siRNA leakage during delivery process and specifically targets tumor cells with overexpressed CD44 membrane receptors, and digested by cell secreted hyaluronidase (HAase). Upon the subsequent irradiation at 808 nm, UCNPs core generates emissions around 540 nm, which activate RB to boost ROS generation for complete PEI-SeSe decompose. The NIR boosted decompose of UCNOs induces a fast and efficient siRNA release, which effectively improves the gene silencing efficiency in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in vivo. The proposed sequentially responsive UCNOs have promising potential application in precision medicine. Upconversion nano-onions sequentially peeled in response to tumor microenvironment and NIR to boost intracellular ROS concentration for efficient siRNA release and therapy. Image 1 • Sequentially responsive UCNOs are proposed with stacked polymer coating layers for gene therapy. • Inner layer PEI-RB boosts ROS generation intracellularly in response to external NIR stimuli. • Middle layer PEI-SeSe completely decomposes in response to ROS for high efficient siRNA release. • Outer layer HA decomposes in tumor microenvironment to provide siRNA delivery specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myocardial infarction can lead to ventricular remodeling and arrhythmia, which is closely related to nerve remodeling. Our previous study found that Yiqi Huoxue decoction (YQHX) can improve ventricular remodeling and reduce myocardial damage. Therefore, in this study, we observed the effect of YQHX on cardiac neural remodeling and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and its possible mechanism. This research is composed of two parts: animal and H9c2 cells experiments. The animal model of acute myocardial infarction was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. H9c2 cells were placed in 94% N2, 5% CO2, and 1% O2 hypoxic environment for 12 hours to replicate the hypoglycemic hypoxia model. The experimental results showed that, compared with the MI group, YQHX can significantly improve heart function after myocardial infarction and reduce nerve remodeling and myocardial hypertrophy. Pathological structure observation demonstrated reducing myocardial tissue damage and decreasing of cell cross-sectional area, diameter, and circumference. The positive rate of TH declined apparently, and the sympathetic nerve density was lower than that of the MI group. After YQHX was given for 28 days, the proneural remodeling factors TH, NGF, and GAP43 in the marginal zone of infarction and stellate ganglion decreased obviously while the inhibitory nerve remodeling factor Sema-3A increased. The myocardial hypertrophic protein ANP and β-MHC were also significantly inhibited with p-ERK1/2 protein expression level prominently reduced. There was no difference between the YQHX group and the Meto group. After myocardial infarction, nerve remodeling was seen in the marginal area of infarction and stellate ganglion, and the neuropeptides released by which promoted myocardial hypertrophy. The mechanism may be related to the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. YQHX could regulate the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, inhibit the release of nerve remodeling factors and myocardial hypertrophy protein to reduce nerve remodeling, and relieve myocardial hypertrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Silicon quantum dots show excellent selectivity to hydroquinone. • A highly selective and sensitive fluorescent probe for hydroquinone was developed. • The fluorescent probe can eliminate the interference from catechol and resorcinol. • The electron transfer and inner filter effect led to the fluorescence quenching. Abstract Hydroquinone (HQ) is a major phenol compound pollutant derived from industrial wastewater. Its content in environmental water is closely related to the water quality. Thus, it is in great need to develop facile, sensitive and selective detection methods for HQ. In this paper, an effective and selective HQ detection probe was fabricated based on novel silicon quantum dots (SiQDs), which were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method. Such SiQDs exhibited good water solubility and intensely green fluorescence. Interestingly, their fluorescence can be significantly quenched upon addition of HQ, which is attributed to the electron transfer from SiQDs to the generated 1,4-benzoquinone, and the inner filter effect of SiQDs-1,4-benzoquinone complex. This SiQD probe can detect HQ in a wide concentration range from 6 to 100 μM, with a detection limit of 2.63 μM. More importantly, compared with other reported methods, this probe can eliminate the interference from catechol (CC) and resorcinol (RS), and gives new insight on the discrimination HQ from its isomers. Furthermore, this fluorescent probe was also successfully applied for the determination of HQ in real water samples with satisfactory recoveries, indicating the reliability and potential application of this fluorescent probe for monitoring HQ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a novel rate and rate-integrating mode-switchable axisymmetric gyroscope. A precession angle tracking algorithm is developed to enable the gyro to switch automatically between rate and rate-integrating modes at preset rate points through a digital control system within the gyro. We also propose a vibrating amplitude control method for the rate-integrating mode that directly extracts the angular rate output to ensure switching stability. In rate mode, the bias instability and angle random walk of the gyro reach 0.106°/h and 0.011°/√h, respectively. Additionally, an input range of over ±5000°/s is measured in rate-integrating mode. The scale factor nonlinearity reaches approximately 116 ppm over the full-scale range. The control system implements effective steering control of the gyroscope, with a switching delay of 10 ms from rate mode to rate-integrating mode and 100 ms from rate-integrating to rate mode. The proposed system actualizes a new type of gyroscope with high accuracy and a wide input range, which combines the benefits of rate and rate-integrating modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A π-conjugated AB2 monomer 1 with a dibenzo[24]crown-8 (DB24C8) ring and two secondary amine centres has been synthesised. Treatment of a solution of 1 in dichloromethane with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) leads to protonation of the amine groups, and then the DB24C8 rings are threaded by the dialkylammonium ion centres of other monomer molecules, leading to the formation of a supramolecular hyperbranched polymer, TFA- 1. Rather strong π-π stacking interactions between the conjugated cores are evident in this polymer. The supramolecular hyperbranched polymer (SHP) can be completely depolymerised by adding a slight excess of N- tert-butyl- N′, N′, N′′, N′′, N′′′, N′′′-hexamethylphosphorimidic triamide, tetrabutylammonium fluoride, or tetrabutylammonium acetate. The acid-base-controlled process induces a reversible change in the fluorescence intensities of the solutions due to the controllable presence of the π-π stacking interactions between the conjugated cores. This dynamic behaviour is significant with respect to 'smart' supramolecular polymer materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The force-to-rebalance (FTR) closed-loop detection method is commonly used to expand the bandwidth (BW) for micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) gyroscopes with low-frequency split and high-quality factors. However, the relationship between the BW and output noise is often incompatible; thus, reducing the detection accuracy of the gyroscope. This paper presents an analysis of the BW and noise spectra under modulation-demodulation FTR gyroscopes. The expressions for the BW and the noise-equivalent rate (NER) spectrum are derived to explore the effects of the loop gain on the BW and NER. It is demonstrated that the gain of the amplifier circuit is maximally transferred to the vibration displacement signal conversion part, which can reduce the output noise without affecting the BW. The simulation and experimental results on the Cobweb-like disk resonator gyroscope show that the derived expressions of BW and NER are correct, and the noise optimization method is effective, which provides an idea for the realization of a high-precision MEMS gyroscope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering potential applications related to superconductivity and aerospace (typically less than 100 K), in this article, the temperature dependence of silicon carbide (SiC) power diodes is systematically characterized and analyzed over a wide temperature range of 90–478 K, especially focusing on cryogenic temperature. First, the static performance degradation mechanism of SiC diodes is established in an ultrawide temperature range, including forward/reverse I-V characteristics and junction capacitance (Cj) characteristics. Second, the reverse recovery characteristics are achieved, including peak reverse recovery current (Irm), reverse recovery charge (Qrr), and switching energy (Esw), clarifying a clearer internal relationship between reverse recovery and junction temperature. Meanwhile, the aforementioned critical parameters are further analyzed on an electrical scale with normal atmosphere temperature, including switching speed range of 62.3–2054.8 A/μs, load current range of 6–30 A, and dc voltage range of 400–1000 V. Third, based on newly proposed power loss analysis method, the continuous operation performance of SiC diodes is quantified and analyzed in actual cryogenic converters. The excellent temperature dependence indicates that SiC diodes have great superiority for extreme applications. Importantly, SiC mosfet's body diode shows the great potential to operate as a freewheeling diode in the compact converter, especially at cryogenic temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the static, dynamic, and short-circuit properties of 1.2-kV commercial 4H-SiC planar and trench gate metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) are compared and analyzed in a wide temperature range from 90 to 493 K. The temperature-dependent specific ON-resistance (${R}_{\text {sp}- \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON}}$) and threshold voltage (${V}_{\text {th}}$) are analyzed in relation to the density of the interface state. The turn-on rise and turn-off fall times (${T}_{r}$ and ${T}_{f}$) and the corresponding energy loss (${E}_{r}$ and ${E}_{f}$) are extracted from a double-pulse test from cryogenic to high temperature and analyzed. The short-circuit capability of the two structures is studied at low temperature for the first time. The comprehensive comparison and analysis of the planar and trench gate MOSFET versus temperature in this work show the importance to study applications with SiC MOSFETs in a wide temperature range, especially for the cryogenic temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an enhanced stability strategy for the sense mode of a force-rebalanced closed-loop polysilicon micro-hemispherical resonating gyroscope (μHRG) with a high-Q quality-factor value (15.2k). The sense mode closed-loop control including the Coriolis force and quadrature error force rebalanced loop, respectively. Specific demodulation theoretical deductions with mode-split are performed to identify a precise linear model of the sense mode open loop. The frequency responses obtained by experimental tests show good agreement with the theoretical model. The experimental results demonstrate that a bandwidth of 10 Hz and a 0.51 Hz frequency-splitting closed loop gyroscope can be extended to 86 Hz and 3.3 Hz, from 6 Hz and 0.13 Hz in the open loop. The mode-matching (0.51 Hz frequency-splitting) gyroscope with closed loop control can achieve a scale factor of 2.25 mV/°/s with a nonlinearity of 0.087%, and a bias instability of 21.8°/hr with an angle random walk of 3.1°/√hr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a dual quantization lateral-axis capacitive electromechanical sigma–delta modulator (EM- \Sigma \Delta \mathrm M ) vibratory wheel gyroscope under mode-matched condition. A symmetric wheel gyroscope structure was designed, fabricated, and wafer-level packaged under vacuum. The EM- \Sigma \Delta \mathrm M interface loop adopts a fourth-order multifeedback and local resonator \Sigma \Delta \mathrm M noise shaping structure, taking advantage of single-bit and multibit quantization in a single-loop modulator. To evaluate the influence of quantization noise, various numbers of bits of the multibit quantizator were compared and the optimal number of bits was calculated. The interface circuit system was implemented in hardware based on a low-noise front-end application-specified integrated circuit and a back-end discrete-time EM- \Sigma \Delta \mathrm M realized in a field-programmable gate array chip. The system clock was generated using a self-clocking scheme, which allows interfacing to gyroscope with a wide range of drive frequencies. Experimental evaluation indicated that the digital gyroscope system achieved a scale factor of 2073LSB(4.1 mV)/deg/s, with a nonlinearity of 0.046%, a noise floor of 3.1 m°/s/ $\surd $ Hz within a bandwidth of 100 Hz, and a bias instability of 1.3 deg/hr. [2017-0081] [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Two kinds of fluorescent BMP32C10-based cryptands 1 and 2 have been developed. Cryptand 1 contains a binaphthol group, while cryptand 2 bears a coumarin group in their third arms. Based on this design, novel self-assemblies constructed from cryptand 1 or 2 and basic N-heteroaromatic guests 3–6 were successfully obtained. Moreover, the threading/dethreading processes of the host–guest complexes could be well switched by the alternate addition of acid/base, and accompanied by concurrent changes in fluorescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Avalanche characteristics for p+-Si/n-ZnO heterojunction photodetector were studied. • The p+-Si/n-ZnO photodetector can well perform as a linear and fast response photodetector with good repeatability. • Neutron irradiation effects on sputtered ZnO film and p+-Si/n-ZnO photodetector were experimentally studied. The photo detection properties under large reverse bias voltage and neutron irradiation effects of the p+-Si/n-ZnO photodetector were investigated. Intrinsic defects, V O, V Zn , and O i, were observed in the non-irradiated ZnO film from the photoluminescence spectroscopy. The neutron induced defects in the neutron irradiated ZnO film reacted with the V Zn , O i and grain boundary defects resulting in the degradation of mid band emissions. The p+-Si/n-ZnO heterojunction shows a rectifying factor of >1000 at 300 K under ±1.5 V and an avalanche breakdown voltage of ∼13 V. The impact ionization process is taken place in the p+-Si region revealed from the numerical calculation of the breakdown voltage of the p+-Si/n-ZnO heterojunction. The device can well perform as a linear and fast response photodetector with good repeatability. When operating under large reverse bias voltage, the p+-Si/n-ZnO can also act as an avalanching photodiode with the avalanche gain of ∼ 30. The p+-Si/n-ZnO detector continues to be operative as an avalanche photodiode as well after neutron irradiation with the fluence of 1015 n/cm2 unless the gain degenerating to ∼10, indicating the good neutron tolerance of the p+-Si/n-ZnO photodetector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shear wave (S-wave) velocity is crucial for AVO inversion and fluid identification. Estimating S-wave velocity based on the rock physical model is commonly necessary for practical reservoir prediction. However, it is difficult to obtain some crucial parameters such as the pore aspect ratio accurately in some conventional estimation methods. Additionally, estimating S-wave velocity usually needs to use some optimization algorithms that depend on the initial values, which may decrease the accuracy of the estimation results. To solve these difficulties, we propose a concise S-wave velocity estimation method based on the notion of the consolidation parameter. We introduce a novel parameter defined as the product of consolidation parameter and porosity for calculating S-wave velocity, and propose a simple equation about the novel parameter after derivation. We solve the simple equation and obtain the novel parameter without needing any optimization algorithm. Then, the S-wave velocity is estimated accurately by using the novel parameter. The calculation of the proposed method is concise, because the optimization algorithm is needless, and the conventional parameters, such as the consolidation parameter and the pore-aspect ratio, can be disregarded. We test the estimation method by using well-log data from an oil field, where the lithology is complex. In the data test, the estimation error of the proposed method decreases compared with the error of the conventional method. • We propose a simple method to predict S-wave velocity. • The flexible estimation method needs no optimization algorithms. • The method is accurate even the lithology is complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concentration of copper ion (Cu2+) in drinking water is closely related to the water quality and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel, efficient and selective method for the detection of Cu2+ in drinking water. In this work, natural food pigment—red beet pigment was selected as a colorimetric indicator for the detection of Cu2+, which possessed a bright color, excellent water solubility and safety. Under alkaline condition, red beet pigment reacted selectively with Cu2+ by redox reaction and chelation, resulting in a color change from purple to orange-red. After analyzing the blue (B) value of the red beet pigment solution, it could be found that there was a good linear relationship between B value and the concentration of Cu2+ in the range of 4–20 μM, with a detection limit of 0.84 μM. In addition, a smart phone application based on Android system was developed for visual detection of Cu2+ by identifying B value of the colorimetric probe solution. The feasibility of this method was successfully verified in the detection of Cu2+ in drinking water by the standard-addition method, reflecting its great potential of practical application in environment monitoring and food security controlling. The method provides a new insight for rapid detection of heavy metal ions using nature pigments. Unlabelled Image • A red beet pigment-based colorimetric probe for copper ions was developed. • The possible mechanism was oxidative dehydrogenation reaction and chelation effect. • A colorimetric analysis application was built on smartphone with Android system. • It provides a great potential for on-site detection of copper ions in drinking water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel, sensitive, and stable fluorescent sensor was developed for TET detection. • The synthesized MoS 2 NPs possessed superior solubility and strong blue fluorescence. • A low detection limit of 0.032 μM with good linear relationship was achieved. • This prominent technique could be applied in milk and bovine muscle samples. The wide use of tetracyclines (TCs) for prevention and therapy of animal diseases may result in excessive residues in animal products, which could pose serious risks to human health. A novel molybdenum disulfide nanoplates (MoS 2 NPs)-based fluorescent sensor for tetracycline (TET) is reported. The MoS 2 NPs, synthesized via a facile bottom-up hydrothermal route, showed blue fluorescence at 430 nm in aqueous solution. Interestingly, its fluorescence was quenched significantly upon addition of TET, which is mainly due to a combination of the inner filter effect and electron transfer. Thus, the MoS 2 NPs based fluorescence sensor was delineated for the detection of TET. The methodology here presented showed a low detection limit of 0.032 μM and satisfied recoveries from 88.46% to 108.62% in spiked milk, milk powder and bovine muscle samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]