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Ovaj interdisciplinaran znanstveni rad bavi se temom stereotipa u udžbenicima njemačkog jezika i njihovoj primjeni u nastavi. Budući da većina nastavnika ne prepoznaje stereotipe u nastavi, ili ako ih već prepozna, ne zna im pravilno pristupiti, rad daje pregled stereotipa koji se najčešće pojavljuju u udžbenicima njemačkog jezika. Isto tako se u radu ističe vrijednost i uloga stereotipa u nastavi te se na temelju primjera iz udžbenika daju ideje i načini pomoću kojih nastavnici mogu iskoristiti stereotipe kako bi oni naposljetku postali vrijedan, a ne štetan skup informacija.

Ovaj rad istražuje kako trauma kao kulturni fenomen oblikuje kulturu sjećanja, a kroz iskustva branitelja u poslijeratnom društvu. Teorijski okvir rada inspiriran je radovima prominentnih autora iz područja studija sjećanja, te radovima iz područja kulturne traume. Istraživanje se temelji na analizi naracija četvorice sugovornika, uključujuči i mog oca. Problematiku traume približilo se analizom načina na koji sugovornici orijentiraju svoju naraciju naspram prošlosti, sadašnjosti i budućnosti. Obitelj i udruge u radu se postavljaju kao ključne društvene “jedinice” koje imaju mogućnost ublažiti braniteljsku traumu putem uključivanja u procese socijalizacije. This study explores how trauma, as a cultural phenomenon, shapes the culture of memory through the experiences of veterans in post-war society. The theoretical framework of the study is inspired by the works of prominent authors in the field of memory studies and the works on cultural trauma. The research is based on the analysis of narratives from four participants, including my father. The issue of trauma is approached by analyzing how the participants orient their narratives towards the past, present, and future. Family and associations are presented as key social "units" that have the potential to alleviate veteran trauma through inclusion in socialization processes.

Cilj ovoga rada jest prikazati razvoj fenomena „sportswashinga”, njegovu povijest i suvremene primjere. Autor pokazuje sličnosti i razlike sa sportskom diplomacijom, povezanost oba pojma sa konceptom meke moći te smješta fenomen u lokalni kontekst prikazujući i analizirajući slučaj NK Osijeka i gradnje novog nogometnog stadiona u Osijeku. Rad je teorijski i temelji se na prikazu relevantne znanstvene literature i medijskih izvještaja. U radu se pokazuje koliko su zapravo „sportswashing” i sportska diplomacija slični pojmovi na primjerima Katara, NK Osijeka i drugim suvremenim primjerima te se daje kritika pojma „sportswashing”. Pojam „sportswashing” je relativno novi pojam, pa je i njegovo akademsko proučavanje tek na početku, a na hrvatskom jeziku radova o „sportswashingu” uopće niti nema. The goal of this paper is to the present development of phenomenon known as ”sportswashing”, its history and contemporary examples. Author shows similarities and differences of ”sportswashing” with sports diplomacy, connections of ”sportswashing” and sports diplomacy with concept of soft power, and place ”sportswashing” in local context showing and analyzing case of FC Osijek and construction of a new football stadium in Osijek. This thesis is theoretical and based on review of relevant scientific literature and media reports. This paper demonstrates how ”sportswashing” and sports diplomacy are similar concepts, using examples form Qatar, FC Osijek and other contemporary cases. It also provides a critique of the concept of ”sportswashing”. The concept of ”sportswashing” is relatively new and its academic study is still in its early stages. There is also a significant lack of research on ”sportswashing” in the Croatian language.

Disertacija se bavi tvorbom nacionalnih heroja u suvremenom hrvatskom društvu na primjeru triju herojskih likova: prvog hrvatskog predsjednika Franje Tuđmana, generala Hrvatske vojske Ante Gotovine i popularnog glazbenika Marka Perkovića Thompsona. Tvorba heroja razmatra se iz kulturnoantropološke perspektive kao kompleksan proces društvene i političke konstrukcije lika heroja u kojem se značenje herojstva kontinuirano reinterpretira i pregovara. Likovima heroja pristupa se kao figurama sjećanja u kojima se konkretiziraju predodžbe o prošlosti nacionalne zajednice i suvremeni prijepori te se prikazuju različite faze njihove heroizacije od 1990-ih godina naovamo u kontekstu izgradnje političke zajednice. Etnografskim kvalitativnim metodama tvorba heroja zahvaća se u suvremenom političkom diskursu, medijskim i popularnokulturnim sadržajima i praksama sjećanja. Identificiraju se i analiziraju herojski tipovi i specifični heroizacijski mehanizmi. Istraživanje pokazuje da su tri herojska lika konstruirana kao tri herojska tipa: povijesni heroj – velikan (Tuđman), heroj ratnik (Gotovina) i celebrity-heroj (Thompson). Tuđmanov herojski lik velikana tvori se na razini politike pamćenja u procesu političke kanonizacije – transponiranjem iz komunikacijskog sjećanja u kulturno pamćenje. U tvorbi Gotovininog lika dva su ključna mehanizma: uspostavljanje herojske distance i popularizacija u svakodnevnom medijskom i političkom diskursu, pri čemu se lik heroja ratnika transformira u lik društvenog uzora u miru. Tvorba Thompsonovog lika celebrity-heroja temelji se na heroizaciji transgresije u popularnim diskursima i praksama protusjećanja, pri čemu se specifičnim mehanizmima ponarodnjivanja transformira u lik predvodnika narodnog otpora. U kontekstu izgradnje političke zajednice tri herojska lika odražavaju različite odnose prema društveno-političkom poretku – Tuđman kao lik povijesnog velikana utjelovljuje sam poredak, Gotovina kao lik ratnog pobjednika i društvenog uzora u svakodnevici ima funkciju potvrđivanja poretka, dok Thompson predstavlja herojski lik suprotstavljen poretku. The thesis explores hero-making in contemporary Croatian society by analyzing the heroization of three national hero figures: first Croatian president Franjo Tuđman, Croatian army commander Ante Gotovina and popular singer Marko Perković Thompson. Hero-making is analyzed in the context of contemporary cultures of memory within which heroes work as figures of memory – concretizations of different notions of the recent national past (war of independence and forming of the state in the 1990s) and present contestations related to it. Following the conception of the hero as a socio-cultural construct and political phenomenon, the thesis focuses on the interconnectedness of hero-making processes, the construction of social memory and the building of the political community. The thesis introduces a conceptual model of the hero that enables identifying hero figures in different contexts, even when they are not explicitly defined as such, based on the five key characteristics: 1) exceptionality, 2) agonality, 3) high degree of agency, 4) autonomy and transgressiveness and 5) ethical and affective charge (Schlechtriemen 2019). It emphasizes ambivalence and contradiction as the main characteristics of contemporary heroes, and the tensions between different, often conflicting meanings as an integral part of the processes of hero-making. Hero is defined as an ambiguous, contradictory, and processual social and political phenomenon, while hero-making is approached as a complex, contested and openended process of social and political construction of the hero, in which meanings of heroism are continuously reinterpreted and negotiated. The thesis focuses on the hero as a political phenomenon in the context of the building of political community, and it approaches heromaking as a result of negotiations between the heroized individual, political goals of the political community and the (political) memories of its members (Kitchen 2019). The three heroes are chosen as the most prominent figures in contemporary cultures of memory in Croatia. Their heroic status stems from their involvement in the war of independence, which in the official state narrative has the status of “the founding myth” – a historical event by which the political community was established. The basis for their heroic status was set in the wartime context, in which they gained prominence as public figures and prominent war actors: Tuđman as a political leader, war president and chief military commander, Gotovina as a celebrated warrior and commander who led numerous successful military campaigns, the most important being the final war victory, and Thompson as an army volunteer who became famous on the front, not for his warrior exploits, but for his most famous war song. Within the post-war social and political processes in Croatian society, they undoubtedly became figures of memory, embodying various notions and images of the recent past, as well as disputes, divisions and conflicts related to them. Because of their different positions and different actions, they symbolize the national past in different ways. Therefore, they are approached as three different heroic types: Tuđman as a historical hero, i.e. the „great man“, Gotovina as an exemplary warrior hero, and Thompson as a hybrid celebrity-hero figure. The thesis explores different phases of heroization of the three heroes since the 1990s, but emphasizes the contemporary processes, in the period from 2015 to 2022, when the research was conducted. The research was based on the analysis of political discourse and various media and popular cultural forms and the ethnographic study of public commemorative events. The discourse analysis focused on production of official heroic narratives, political usages of the heroes and and on the representations, negotiations and contestations of hero figures and hero narratives through different medial forms. The ethnographic study focused on heroization within specific practices of memory. It encompassed several public events that commemorate events from national history in which heroes had a prominent role or events related to heroes themselves (national holiday celebrations, commemorations, concert performances and film festivals), focusing on the narratives and practices of the individuals who participate in these events, and their various interpretations and appropriations of heroes. The thesis starts with a theoretical-historical overview of conceptual approaches to heroes and heroism and it outlines the key directions in the research since the 19th century. It focuses on conceptions of the hero as a historical actor and heroism in history, the hero as a narrative phenomenon and the construction of hero narratives, the conception of the hero as a popular cultural phenomenon in relation to contemporary celebrities, and conceptions of war heroism with an emphasis on the gendered construction of the war hero as an ideal of masculinity. It shows that in contemporary socio-cultural contexts hero-making draws on various historical heroic models and actualizes different narrative traditions, as well as that different conceptualizations of heroism in contemporary societies are interrelated and overlapping, therefore blurring clear boundaries between different types of prominent individuals. The next chapter deals with ethnographic methodological approaches to hero-making. It addresses difficulties of the “ethnographic capturing“ of the elusive, continuously transforming hero manifestations and it sets ground for an approach based on selecting the „fragments of heroization“ – specific manifestations of the hero in their concrete contexts – approaching them as ethnographies of the particular. The second part of the chapter deals with epistemological and ethical issues arising from the phenomenologically based fieldwork with the unlikable political Other, i.e. the community that has been through various stereotyping strategies constructed as an uncultured nationalist Other (Jansen 2005) within the Croatian society. Reflecting on different ways of suspending the researcher’s political emotions (Hage 2009), it addresses specific ethical dillemas and challenges, as well as ambivalences and complexities of the ethnographic engagement with the unlikable political Other. The following three chapters present the case studies and explore the specific mechanisms and practices of hero-making, following the conception of the three national heroes as three different heroic types: Franjo Tuđman as a historical hero (great man), Ante Gotovina as a warrior hero and Marko Perković Thompson as celebrity-hero. The chapter on Franjo Tuđman as a historical hero analyzes how the political figure of the first Croatian president is constructed as a „great man in history“. It describes the construction of Tuđman's heroic status in the 1990s, during his lifetime, focusing on the context of sociopolitical crisis as the framework for the construction of the charismatic heroic leader. The second part presents an analysis of the political discourse after Tuđman's death, exploring how political actors from different political and ideological positions evoke, (re)interpret and appropriate the heroic figure and his political legacy in an effort to make him part of their own political capital. Finally, the chapter presents two case studies – Tuđman's monuments Knin and Zagreb – which are analyzed as the manifestations of political canonization, the process of transposing the hero figure from communicative memory into cultural memory, that aims to establish the heroic name and figure as canonical political symbols. The analysis shows that the heroization of Franjo Tuđman in Croatian society, based on the actualization of the concept of the "hero of history", relies on discourses of the historical and legal continuity of Croatian statehood, in which Tuđman is portrayed as a contemporary great man who achieved a historical goal in the form of state independence. A hero as the great man is constructed primarily in the sphere of politics of memory. The polarization surrounding the first Croatian president, which marked the period of his rule as well as the first years after his death, in the political discourse was being gradually suspended and an official narrative is established in which Tuđman's role in Croatian history is interpreted through the prism of his merits for the war victory and the achievement of independence, while the problematic aspects of his politics and his rule are unspoken of or relativized. This official narrative is presented as the public consensus, which shows a tendency of imposing the official heroic narrative as the only valid one. The two case studies – monuments in Knin and Zagreb – show that the basic mechanism of Tuđman's heroization in contemporary society is political canonization, a process by which a figure belonging to communicative memory is transposed into cultural memory, in an effort to establish the heroic name and heroic figure as canonical political symbols, to be permanently inscribed in the national memory. Monuments in two symbolically prominent places canonize two faces of heroes and two narratives of the origin of the political community. The Knin monument canonizes the heroic figure of the victorious war leader and the narrative of the war victory as the foundation of the political community. Its localization at the Knin fortress is related to a specific historical episode that took place there, so the monument as the embodiment of the hero in that context re-enacts the past, and fixates the related victorious imagery, making it a permanent part of the present. The Zagreb monument does not actualize specific local meanings, but the goal of the symbolic placement of the monument in the Croatia's capital is to establish a nationally binding interpretation of the heroic role in history. The Zagreb monument canonizes the narrative of Tuđman as a great man and hero of history – the founder of the state. His monument in Zagreb does not embody a specific historical episode, but the socio-political order itself. The ethographic research showed that canonization generates various, often conflicting, narratives about Tuđman. The tensions and ruptures that arise between the official discourse on Tuđman and the narratives and practices "from below" that express resistance to canonization show that the canonical construction of heroism is unstable, and that the heroic figure still dominantly belongs to the communicative memory. The chapter on Ante Gotovina as the warrior hero presents a brief account of the construction of Gotovina's heroic status since the Hague indictment in 2001 until the acquittal in 2012, with an emphasis on the heroization of transgression and heroic ambivalence as a constitutive element of Gotovina's heroism during the trial. In the second part, various heroization mechanisms and practices after his acquittal are analyzed, showing how the acquittal, which was seen in Croatian society as an official confirmation of Gotovina's heroism, opened up space for transformations of heroism and new uses of the heroic figure. In the last part of the chapter a case study is presented – the movie General – a fictionalization of the heroic biography which is analyzed as a media of memory, focusing on how the hero and the hero narrative are constructed in the process of production and in the film itself, and how they are interpreted in the process of reception within the community of memory. The analysis of heroization mechanisms and practices in the example of Gotovina shows how a contemporary, living hero is constructed, with an emphasis on how the meanings of heroism, hero narratives, and the roles of the hero are shaped and negotiated in the interaction between the heroized individual, political actors and the wider political community. There are two key mechanisms of heroization in Gotovina's case: the establishment of heroic distance and the popularization of the war hero, i.e. wide diffusion of heroic images and hero narratives in commemorative contexts, in everyday political and media discourse and in popular cultural forms. Heroic distance is the mechanism by which Gotovina, as a heroized individual, establishes autonomy in relation to the heroic transgressiveness that was attributed to him in his absence, and by confirming his military ethos he reaffirms the institutional order of the political community. Within the official political discourse his heroism is "institutionalizatized" – it is ceremoniously confirmed by the state and a new official hero narrative is constructed around it, which is written into the historical narrative of the establishment of the political community. The hero is also appropriated in the practices of various individual political actors through the mechanisms of political familiarization as a potent and desirable political capital. Heroic distance, on the other hand, places the hero outside and above the everyday, therefore his every appearance is constructed as an extraordinary event that generates intense interest from the community in an effort to bridge the distance. In everyday media discourse, the hero is transformed into a role model for the political community through various popularization mechanisms. The already established heroism is confirmed by newly constructed hero narratives. His actions and different aspect of his life are discursively transformed into another heroic endeavor that contributes to the wellbeing of the political community. He becomes a role model for the desirable attitude towards the wartime past, but also a model for understanding the post-war present, as well as an ideal of action for the future of the community. The values that he emphasizes in his rare public appearances are promoted as values that the entire community should strive for. Efforts to bridge the heroic distance are also reflected in the increased public interest in his private life, in which the mechanisms of celebrification are noticeable. The main focus of the interest for the hero's private life is his romantic history, in which he is constructed as the embodiment of the ideal of masculinity in relation to the figure of the wife as the exemplary female Other of the warrior hero. The analysis of the movie General, a fictionalization of a heroic biography that was conceived as a medium of memory that intended to fixate and perpetuate the official hero narrative of the state, showed that the construction of a living hero still belongs to the sphere of communicative memory, biographical memories and lived experiences of the members of the political community. In the process of reception, the heroic biography was interpreted as an inauthentic representation of the common past, and instead of unification of the community around the hero, it generated controversies, disputes and conflicting interpretations of the past. The chapter on Marko Perković Thompson as the celebrity-hero focuses on the hibridity of this specific hero figure. It focuses on the key elements of Thompson's atypicality as a popular music "phenomenon", considering them through a heroic prism. The analysis focuses on two key aspects – transgression, which is analyzed as one of the constitutive features of heroism, closely related to heroic exceptionality, and the hero cult within the context of practises of memory, structured around questions of collective identity. The first part of the chapter shows how Thompson's celebrity image has been constructed around the perception of authenticity since the 1990s, that set basis for the later heroization. The second part focuses on the specific political transgression and polarized social response it generated as the turning point in transforming of the celebrity into the hero. The third part presents a case study – the celebration of the national holiday (Victory Day) organized by Thompson as an act of rebellion to the official politics, on the basis of which he was attributed the heroic role of a rebel and leader of the people's resistance. The analysis of the hibridity of the celebrity-hero showed that the most important difference between Thompson and the usual celebrities is that he represents a specific political community. Understanding the Thompson "phenomenon" and its social and political resonance is only possible by approaching him as a symbol or model of identification for a certain political community. The construction of such a figure is based on the percieved authenticity of his public persona, mainly deriving form his wartime heroism and veteran identity, which legitimizes his role of the „voice of the people“, i.e. speaking out on behalf of the community. However, his heroism is not exhausted only in his role in the war, but is equally contained in the understanding of his actions as a musician. The turning point that transformed Thompson from a celebrity into a hero was a specific political transgression that generated a polarized discourse around him active to this day. Actively participating in his own heroization, he interpreted the transgression in two ways: first by framing it in a heroic narrative about a necessary act of resistance for a higher purpose, and then by denying the transgression, portraying himself as a victim of the enemies of his political community. Thus, the narrative of his public activity transformed into a heroic agonal narrative in which Thompson is portrayed as being in constant conflict with the enemy, fighting for justice, truth and values of his community. The analysis of heroization in the context of a specific practice of memory – the Victory Day celebration in Čavoglave that Thompson organized as a parallel celebration to the official state one. In the discourse of the organizers the parallel celebration was defined as an apolitical folk celebration, where its apolitical and "folk" character was equated with the absence of official politics. However, the analysis showed that beneath it was actually a discourse about the opposition of the people and the political elite, and a political strategy of counter-memory. The celebration, conceived as a practice of popular resistance, opened up space for the actualization of the traditional epic (hajduk) heroic discourse, adding another heroic layer to Thompson's figure, transforming him into the heroic figure of the rebel and leader of the people's resistance. Along with the heroization of transgression, the main mechanism of Thompson's heroization is popularization, i.e. attributing popular folk characteristics to the hero. Within the context of the celebration conceived as a folk tradition, he is transformed into the folk's, i.e. people's hero. With the change in political circumstances, the celebration became a part of the official one, temporarily suspending the strategy of resistance, whereby Thompson's heroic role transformed from the leader of popular resistance into the leader of national unification. Parallel to the restoration of unity, the constitutive heroic transgression began to be officially sanctioned, but this legal process was realized as another heroization mechanism – contrary to the established judicial practice that was applied to "ordinary" people – Thompson's transgression was declared legal. The political community against which the hero stood officially established the heroic exception.

Ples je dio ljudske svakodnevice te postoji u različitim formama. U ovom radu naglasak je na latinoameričkim plesovima, plesovima tradicionalnim za područje Srednje i Južne Amerike. Posljednjih dvadesetak godina ovi plesovi veoma su popularni i na našim prostorima, a osim profesionalnog bavljenja postoji i amatersko, odnosno rekreativno plesanje. Najviše plesnih sadržaja nalazi se u Zagrebu, dok je ponuda u drugim manjim gradovima slabija, ili je nema. Samobor je grad nedaleko od Zagreba te je relativno dobro povezan s metropolom. Prije desetak godina vrvio je od plesnih sadržaja, no unazad nekoliko godina u Samoboru ne postoji mogućnost treniranja latino plesova u plesnim klubovima. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je doznati koja je motivacija rekreativnih plesačica iz Samobora za bavljenjem ovim plesovima te objasniti što ples plesačicama znači, odnosno plešu li one unatoč nepostojanju plesnih sadržaja u njihovom gradu. Dance is a part of human everyday life and exists in various forms. In this work, the emphasis is on Latin American dances, traditional dances for Central and South America. Over the last twenty years these dances have been very popular in our country, despite professional practice, there is also social or recreational dancing. Most of the dance events and practices are located in Zagreb, while the possibilities for this hobby in other towns over the country are weaker or non-existent. Samobor is a town near Zagreb and is well connected to the metropolis. Ten years ago Samobor had numerous dance content, but for the last few years social dancing is not existing. The aim of this research was to find out what is the motivation of social women dancers from Samobor for engaging in these hobby, to research their belief of dance and to find out are they still active social dancers despite the lack of dance content in their town.

U radu se istražuju uzroci migracija Nijemaca u Hrvatsku. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na rad u podružnicama međunarodnih i transnacionalnih firmi u kojima se zaposlenici rotiraju (na mandate do nekoliko godina) i predstavljaju cirkularne i privremene migrante, odnosno izaslane radnike. Cilj rada je istražiti iskustva migranata iz Republike Njemačke u Republici Hrvatskoj. Detaljnije se analiziraju integracijski procesi: pravna i politička, ekonomska, društveno-kulturna i religijska dimenzija integracije. Istraživanje se temelji na kvalitativnim polustrukturiranim intervjuima s migrantima. The text examines the reasons of migration of Germans in Croatia. Especially emphasized is work in branches of international and transnational companies where employees rotate (for terms of up to several years) and represent circular and temporary migrants, i.e. posted workers. The aim of the work is to examine the experiences of migrants from Germany to Croatia. Integration processes are analyzed in more detail and viewed through the following dimensions: legal and political, economic, socio-cultural and religious dimensions of integration. The research is based on qualitative semi-structured interviews with migrants.

Tehnologija igra veliku ulogu u društvu 21. stoljeća gdje je napravila brojne promjene u svakom području, pa tako i u najosjetljivijem području međuljudskih odnosa, intimnim vezama. U ovom radu predstavljeni su rezultati kvalitativnog istraživanja provedenog polustrukturiranim dubinskim intervjuima u srpnju i kolovozu 2022. godine. Ovo interdisciplinarno istraživanje (sociologija etnologija i kulturna antropologija) bilo je dijelom teorijski usmjereno, a dijelom je provedeno terensko istraživanje gdje sam istraživala poznavanje i percepciju ‘’pametne‘’ tehnologije u sadašnjosti i budućnosti. Rezultati istraživanja predstavljeni su prema kategorijama koje smo dobili iz analize materijala nakon obavljenih intervjua. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kako tehnologija ima veliku ulogu u životu ljudi, no, da nisu svi spremni na promjene koje tehnologija potencijalno može napraviti u budućnosti. Technology plays a significant role in society in 21. century, where it has made numerous changes in every area, including intimate relationships, the most sensitive area of interpersonal relationships. This paper presents the results of qualitative research conducted with semi-structured in-depth interviews in July and August 2022. This interdisciplinary research was partly theoretically oriented, and partly qualitative research was carried out where I investigated the knowledge and perception of ‘’smart‘’ technology in the present and the future. The research results are presented according to the categories from the material analysis after the interviews. The research results showed that technology plays a significant role in human lives but that not everyone is ready for the changes that technology can potentially make in the future.

Cilj rada je ustvrditi na koje načine bolest utječe na pojedinca, njegove vrijednosti, djelovanja te značenja pripisivana tijelu, a zatim i ima li potencijal promjene društvenih. Pritom se na bolest gleda kao na utjelovljeno iskustvo, a na tijelo kao na mjesto društvene koreografije. Ovaj pristup u fokus stavlja prostor intersubjektivnosti, odnosno propituje tenziju između individualnog subjekta i društveno konstruiranog objekta. Pritom u prvi plan dolaze pojmovi poput srama, epistemičke nepravde, aspektnog zatočeništva, ali i društveno-povijesni procesi koji utječu na poimanje i doživljavanje bolesti, poput kršćanstva, kartezijanskog naslijeđa te biomedicinskog diskursa. Metodologija kojom se koristim je etnografska, a obuhvaća kvalitativne intervjue, analizu autobiografskog narativa te stručne literature iz područja fenomenologije bolesti, medicinske antropologije i antropologije tijela. The purpose of this thesis is to determine the ways in which illness affects the individual, his values, actions and meanings attributed to the body, and subsequently whether it has the potential for social change. In doing so, illness is seen as an embodied experience, while the body is perceived as a place of social choreography. This approach focuses on the space of intersubjectivity, that is, questions the tension between the individual subject and the socially constructed object. Concepts such as shame, epistemic injustice, aspectival captivity come to the fore, but also socio-historical processes that influence our understanding and experiencing of illness, such as Christianity, the Cartesian legacy and the biomedical discourse. The methodology I use is ethnographic. It includes qualitative interviews, analysis of autobiographical narrative and of scientific literature from the fields of illness phenomenology, medical anthropology and anthropology of the body.

Igra je nezaobilazan dio djetinjstva i karakteristična za čovjeka od samog rođenja, prisutna je u svim kulturama i ima svoj jedinstveni slijed i razvoj. Igre su se nekada prenosile u obiteljima, među vršnjacima i u školama, a djeca su ih iznova prilagođavala karakteristikama svoga kraja i načinu života. Dječje tradicijske igre dijelom su zabilježene u etnografskim zbirkama i priručnicima za odgojitelje, učitelje i voditelje folklornih sekcija kulturno-umjetničkih društava pa je vrijedno, korisno i zanimljivo istražiti tradicijsko nasljeđe dječjeg folklora pojedinog kraja kako bi se ono sačuvalo za buduće generacije. Cilj je rada prikupiti dječje tradicijske igre s područja Valpovštine. U svrhu istraživanja provedeno je etnografsko istraživanje sa četiri kazivačice iz sela Valpovštine. Prema godini rođenja može se zaključiti da su se igre u opisanim oblicima igrale krajem 1950-tih i početkom 1960-tih godina. Rezultati istraživanja na temelju 27 prikupljenih tradicijskih igara govore kako su se djeca Valpovštine u prošlosti igrala različitih vrsta igara koje možemo podijeliti u šest osnovnih kategorija: igre vještine, igre lovice, igre s pjevanjem, brojalice, neformalne (simboličke) igre i igre vođe. Djeca su se igrala kombinirajući različite elemente igre, a njihove igre su uglavnom sadržavale jednog centralnog igrača koji je imao ulogu loviti, voditi igru ili pjesmu. Prikupljene igre odstupaju u određenim pravilima jer je svaka dječja zajednica u igri unosila svoja pravila prema dobi igrača i trenutnim prilikama. U prošlosti su se djeca najčešće igrala na otvorenim prostorima poput livada, pašnjaka, uz obalu rijeka, u vrtovima, dvorištima, na ulicama. Djeca su za svoju igru koristila sva dostupna mjesta, a najčešće su to bili otvoreni vanjski prostori koji su nudili mogućnost slobodnog trčanja, skakanja, sakrivanja i neometanog pjevanja. Tradicijske igre su vrijedne kao predmet istraživanja jer su one djeci prirodne i neizostavne u poticanju razvoja. Prenoseći djeci tradicijske igre, ostavljamo im u nasljeđe tradiciju, običaje i čuvamo od zaborava kulturnu baštinu svoga kraja. Game is an unavoidable part of childhood and characteristic of a person since birth. It is present in all cultures and has its unique cycle and development period. Games used to be passed on in families, among peers, and in schools. Children adapted them again and again to the characteristics of their region and lifestyle. Children's traditional games are partly recorded in ethnographic collections and manuals for educators, teachers, and leaders of folklore sections of cultural and artistic societies, so it is valuable, useful and exciting to research the traditional heritage of children's folklore of a particular region to preserve it for future generations. This paper aims to collect children's traditional games from the area of Valpovština. For the purpose of the research, an ethnographic study was conducted with four female narrators from the village of Valpovština. According to the year of birth, it can be concluded that the games in the described forms were played in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The results of research based on 27 collected traditional games show how the children of Valpovština played different types of games in the past, which can be divided into six basic categories: skill games, tag games, singing games, nursery rhymes, informal (symbolic) games and leader games. Children played by combining different game elements, and their games mostly contained one central player who had the role of tagging, leading a game or a song. The collected games deviate in certain rules because each child’s community in the game introduced its own rules according to the age of the players and current opportunities. In the past, children most often played in open spaces such as meadows, and pastures, along the banks of rivers, in gardens, yards, and on the streets. Children used all available places for their play, and most often these were open outdoor spaces that offered the possibility of free running, jumping, hiding and singing undisturbed. Traditional games are valuable research subject because they are natural to children and indispensable in stimulating development. By passing on traditional games to children, we leave them a legacy of traditions and customs and preserve the cultural heritage of our region from being forgotten.

Kolokvij "Otočnost u suvremenom društvenom kontekstu – pogled u budućnost" je zamišljen kao iskorak iz izoliranih znanstvenih pristupa istraživanju otoka, prostora i društvenog konteksta otvaranjem transdisciplinarnog dijaloga s pogledom u budućnost. Hrvatsku odlikuju brojni prostorni i društveni kontrasti čiji potencijali prečesto nisu prepoznati niti su adresirani u javnom prostoru na adekvatan način. Primarni cilj kolokvija jest uspostavljanje znanstvenog dijaloga između različitih struka o izazovima i temama otoka, baštine, turizma i održivog razvoja na temelju recentnih istraživanja te približavanje navedenih tema široj javnosti. Kolokvij zajednički organiziraju Sekcija za društvo Znanstvenog vijeća za turizam i prostor Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti i Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Odsjek za sociologiju.

Ovaj rad za cilj ima predstaviti, analizirati i protumačiti simboličke i stvarne prostore koje odrasli ili djeca smatraju zabranjenima, rizičnima i strašnima s ciljem reprodukcije ideje suvremenog djetinjstva. U radu se propituju načini na koji se takvi prostori konstruiraju te odnos djece i odraslih prema njima. Fokus je stavljen na načine kontrole i discipliniranja djece zastrašivanjem. Tematski okvir rada predstavljaju pitanja vezana uz sama metodološka polazišta, zatim pitanja o sociokulturnom shvaćanju emocija, te pitanja o kulturi straha i rizika. Emocije straha izdvojene su kao kulturno-antropološki fenomeni istraženi kroz prizmu etnologije, kulturne antropologije, sociologije i drugih relevantnih znanstvenih disciplina. The goal of this thesis is to present, analyze, and interpret the symbolic and real spaces adults or children consider forbidden, risky, and scary, aiming to reproduce the idea of a modern childhood. The thesis examines the methods by which such spaces are constructed as well as the relationships children and adults have with them. It focuses on the methods of control and discipline of children through intimidation.The thematic framework through which these will be examined are questions relating to the methodology starting points themselves, as well as questions about the sociocultural understanding of emotions and questions about the cultures of fear and risk. Emotions of fear are singled out as cultural-anthropological phenomena researched through the prism of ethnology, cultural anthropology, sociology, as well as other relevant scientific disciplines.

Pojam „fotografija“ ima različita značenja, a ono koje se prirodno nameće jest fotografija kao medija za prenošenje određenih poruka koje ne moraju imati identično značenje za sve one koji su u sam njen kontekst uključeni. Fotografija predstavlja i svojevrsnu mrežu značenja, dok reprezentacija i naracija pridonose razumijevanju konteksta koji se krije unutar fotografije, a koji nije očit iz prizora koji je na njoj zabilježen. Fotografije same po sebi sadrže i integrativni moment ujedinjenja obitelji, odnosno pridonose povezivanju obitelji, ali i stvaranju određenog zajedničkoga sjećanja spajajući prošlost i sadašnjost. U ovom će se diplomskom radu analizom odabranih fotografija utvrditi postoje li razlike u događajima, stvarima i mjestima koja se fotografiraju te odrediti na koji se način njihovo značenje oblikuje, s posebnim naglaskom na najzastupljenije teme i njihovoj povezanosti s obiteljskim životom. The term “photograph” has different meanings, but one that naturally imposes is photograph as a medium for conveying certain messages that do not necessarily have identical meanings for everyone involved in its context. The network of meanings that a photograph, in a way, represents can be understood better if its context, which might not be obvious from the scene recorded on the photograph itself, is represented or narrated. In their own right, photographs also contain an integrative moment of family unification, that is, they contribute to family bonding as well as to the creation of a certain collective memory by connecting the past and the present. In this master thesis, through the analysis of selected photos, it will be determined whether there are differences in the events, things and places that are photographed and how their meaning is formed, with special emphasis on the most represented topics and their connection with family life.

Cilj je rada ispisati etnografiju iskust(a)va medicinskih radnika u pandemiji COVID-19, odnosno njihovo viđenje i pogled izbliza na svakodnevicu bolnice u medicinskoj krizi i promjene koje su se događale, u načinu i doživljaju rada. Propituju se i odnosi s pacijentima i njihovim obiteljima koji opovrgavaju ozbiljnost ili uopće postojanje bolesti COVID-19, kao i suočavanje sa smrću i patnjom pacijenata te način na koji oblikuju svoje narative o tome. Metodologija u radu su polustrukturirani intervjui te kritičko čitanje relevantne literature i izvora o temama teorija zavjere i infodemije, koje su se također širile u pandemiji. The aim of this work is to write an ethnography of the experience(s) of medical workers in the COVID-19 pandemic, that is, their close-up view of the everyday life of a hospital in a medical crisis and the changes that took place in the ways of working and experience of work. Relationships with patients and their families who deny the seriousness or even the existence of the disease COVID-19 are also examined, as well as dealing with the death and suffering of patients and the way they shape their narratives about it. The methodology used in the work are semi-structured interviews and critical reading of relevant literature and sources on the topics of conspiracy theories and infodemics, which also spread during the pandemic.

This article discusses the culture-making and place-making initiatives created at the intersection of ethnology and cultural anthropology, art and cultural politics. The focus is on the ways in which joint ethnological and artistic involvement can change the dynamics within the local community. As a case study the authors use the project Art in the Community: Redefining Heritage of the Association of Artists ‘Zemlja’ (Croatia, 2018 – 2020). The project was based on one of the most important episodes of socially and politically engaged artistic practices in Central Europe and Western Balkans: the legacy of the Association of Artists Zemlja (1929 – 1935), and naïve art and educational work of renowned painter Krsto Hegedušić. In the locality where they had worked and found inspiration – Hlebine – contemporary artists rethought their heritage and brought it to life through this project. The project was based on participatory approaches, artistic and community-empowering process that included local naïve artists from Hlebine and students of Visual Arts and Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology from Zagreb. The text analyses the potentials and challenges in working with different stakeholders on the region’s cultural scene who take part in the project in order to affirm, negotiate or redefine their culture-building strategies.

Istraživanje se fokusira na jezične osobitosti u kulturnom kontekstu rijetko naseljenog mjesta Klake koje se nalazi u široj samoborskoj regiji. Bazira se na podatcima dobivenim putem intervjua s četiri kazivača, a odnosi se na usporedbu načina života 50-ih i 60-ih godina 20. stoljeća i današnju situaciju. Dosadašnja istraživanja izjednačuju govor i običaje tog mjesta s govorima i običajima ostalih sela u okolici i samim Samoborom, a pritom se mjesto Klake može naći samo usputno spomenuto. Osobito nedostaju informacije iz recentnijeg vremena. Cilj ovoga rada je istražiti i razjasniti specifičnosti ovoga kraja, analizirati osobitosti imenskih obrazaca u odnosu na ostala mjesta u regiji te smjestiti navedena obilježja unutar okvira antropologije i onomastike. The research focuses on linguistic peculiarities in the cultural context of the sparsely populated village of Klake, which is located in the wider Samobor region, Croatia. It’s based on data obtained through interviews with four informants and it refers to a comparison of the way of life in the 1950s and 1960s and the current situation. Previous research equates speech and customs with other villages in the surrounding area and Samobor itself, while the village of Klake is only mentioned in passing. There is a particular lack of information from more recent times. The goal of this thesis is to investigate and clarify the specifics of this place, to analyze the peculiarities of name patterns in relation to other places in the region, and to place the mentioned characteristics within the framework of anthropology and onomastics

U radu je prikazan i analiziran utjecaj tvornice za doradu kristala i stakla Kristal na ekonomski i društveni život žena u gradu Kutini za vrijeme Socijalističke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije. Rad analizira period tranzicije i privatizacije državnog vlasništva devedesetih godina 20. stoljeća koji je doveo do propadanja industrije i degradacije radnica u Kutini. U radu se obrađuje i pojam nostalgije za prošlim vremenima. Rad se temelji na etnološkom i kulturnoantropološkom istraživanju. The thesis analyzes the impact of the crystal and glass making factory Kristal on the economic and social of women in the town Kutina during the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The thesis analyzes period of transition and privatisation of state ownership in the nineties which led to destruction of industry and degradation of workers. The research also deals with the concept of nostalgia for past times. Paper is based on ethnographic research.

Tema diplomskog rada je odnos bivših kolonijalnih sila i njihovih bivših država-kolonija. U fokusu je pitanje povrata otuđenih umjetnina koje su sada u vlasništvu zapadnih muzeja. Za primjer su uzete Beninske bronce - predmeti od bronce, mjedi i bjelokosti oteti nakon završetka Beninske ekspedicije 1897. godine. Kroz prizmu postkolonijalnih studija sagledao se status zahtjeva za repatrijaciju, kao i razlozi zbog kojih su takvi zahtjevi uglavnom neuspješni. Nadalje, analizom i dekonstrukcijom Deklaracije važnosti i vrijednosti univerzalnih muzeja pokušali su se locirati glavni problemi pitanja povrata umjetnina.

Labin je danas poznat uglavnom po ljetnoj turističkoj ponudi, zahvaljujući atraktivnoj obali i povoljnoj klimi tijekom ljetne sezone. Ali taj gradić na istočnoj obali Istre krije jednu mnogo značajniju povijesnu priču. Na području Labina se odigrala najpoznatija rudarska (radnička) pobuna u ovom dijelu Europe, a i šire. Riječ je dakako o Labinskoj republici, štrajku rudara iz 1921. koji se ostvario u obliku kratkotrajne samouprave. Iako je među rudarima dugo vladalo nezadovoljstvo radnim uvjetima, glavni povod ustanku je bilo premlaćivanje sekretara sindikalne federacije, Giovannija Pippana. Otpor koji je uslijedio ušao je u legendu i od onda se redovito na godišnjicu obilježava na području Labina i okolice. Iako je riječ o veoma značajnom događaju za labinsko podneblje, dojam je da se u Labinu nije poduzelo dovoljno da ta priča premaši lokalne okvire, unatoč znanstvenim radovima, filmovima i višekratnim raskošnim manifestacijama koje su se odvijale uglavnom na okrugle obljetnice. Posljednja značajnija je bila stota o kojoj se detaljnije pisalo u ovome radu i koja je jedan od glavnih povoda pisanju ovog diplomskog rada. Today, Labin is known mainly for its summer tourist offer, thanks to the attractive coast and favourable climate during the summer season. But that small town on the east coast of Istria hides a much more significant historical story. The most famous miners' (workers') rebellion in this part of Europe and beyond took place in the area of Labin. It is, of course, about the Republic of Labin, a miners' strike from 1921 that took the form of short-term self-government. Although dissatisfaction with working conditions reigned among the miners for a long time, the main reason for the uprising was the beating of the secretary of the trade union federation, Giovanni Pippan. The resistance that followed became a legend and since then it is regularly commemorated on the anniversary in the area of Labin and its surroundings. Although it is a very significant event for the Labin area, the impression is that not enough has been done in Labin to make this story go beyond the local boundaries, despite published research, feature films, documentaries and multiple lavish events that took place mainly on anniversaries. The last significant one was its hundredth anniversary, which was studied in detail in this paper and which is one of the main reasons for writing this thesis.

Cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio istražiti posljedice dvaju potresa (prosinac 2020. godine) na stanovnike ruralnih naselja Strašnika i Majura. Niz potresa s epicentrom u okolici Petrinje započeo je u ponedjeljak 28. prosinca 2020. u 6:28 po lokalnom vremenu potresom magnitude ML = 5.1 (momentne magnitude MW = 4.9) koji se osjetio u većem dijelu središnje Hrvatske. Epicentar mu je bio jugozapadno od Petrinje, kod mjesta Strašnik. Sutradan, u istom epicentru, događa se najrazorniji potres ovog niza potresa, s lokalnom magnitudom 6.2 (MW = 6.4). Ovaj rad usmjeren je na otpornost od potresa koja se najčešće iskazuje u dvije dimenzije: fizička (npr. infrastruktura) i socijalna (npr. socijalni kapital) te je naglasak na socijalni (socioekonomski) aspekt otpornost. U istraživanju je primijenjena kvalitativna metodologija koja je uključivala provođenje (polustrukturiranih) intervjua s lokalnim stanovništvom te sudjelovanje s promatranjem. Pri izradi ove studije slučaja izrađen je teorijski okvir rada koji se temelji na konceptima iz antropologije i sociologije katastrofa, dok je fokus rada na analizi i interpretaciji otpornosti na katastrofične događaje. Sagledajući cjelovitu sliku vremenskog razdoblja koje ovo istraživanje opisuje, rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazuju da je proces kvalitetne razine otpornosti u ruralnih krajevima Hrvatske tek u svojim začecima. Rezultati ovog rada ukazuju da se tri dimenzije otpornosti analizirane u ovom radu- reakcija, oporavak i pripremljenost još uvijek moraju unaprijediti. Analizom kazivanja zaključuje se da je pozitivni odaziv situacijskih aktera nadomjestio nedostatke u postupcima državnih institucija u prvim danima nakon potresa. Međutim, u razdoblju nakon potresa, stanovnici Banovine su frustrirani i nezadovoljni procesom oporavka i obnove. Isto tako, govoreći o pripremljenosti na potres, utvrđuje se slaba pripremljenost, kao i brojne ranjivosti koje prethode potresu i utječu na razmjer katastrofe. This paper focuses on earthquake resilience which is most commonly expressed through two dimensions: physical (e.g. infrastructure) and social (e.g. social capital). This paper specifically focuses on the socio-economic aspect of resilience. For this paper qualitative methodology was used, which involved semi-structured interviews with the local population. Concepts from sociology and anthropology of disasters were used as a theoretical framework, while the focus of this paper was to analyze and interpret earthquake resilience. The results of this paper indicate that the process toward resilient communities in Croatia is still in its beginning. The results suggest that there is an urgent need to strengthen the dimensions of rural resilience analyzed in this paper- reaction, preparedness, and recovery. After analyzing the interviews, it is concluded that the extremely positive response of situational volunteers substituted the lack of support from the Croatian government in the days following the earthquakes. Furthermore, disappointment and frustration regarding the recovery process were evident among our informants. Analyzing the dimension of preparedness, it is determined that there is a low level of preparedness. This, combined with previous vulnerabilities of the rural population and the area of Sisak-Moslavina county, greatly affected the scope of the catastrophe.

Temeljna svrha završnog rada je analiza pojave prekomjernog turizma i fenomena turizmofobije u poznatim turističkim odredištima te prikazivanje različitih oblika turizmofobije u odredištima Europe i Hrvatske. Cilj rada prikazivanje je razvoja turizma i njegovog omasovljenja. Prema postavljenoj svrsi i cilju rada sastavljen je sadržaj koji se dijeli na pet poglavlja. Prvo poglavlje opisuje kronološki razvoj turizma u svijetu i Hrvatskoj. Drugo poglavlje bavi se fenomenom turizmofobije, definira se pojam te se navode neki primjeri u Europi i svijetu. Treće poglavlje služi za predstavljanje studije slučaja na primjerima iz Europe i Hrvatske. Četvrto poglavlje opisuje rezervacijske sustave te načine kojima podupiru masovni oblik turizma. Posljednje, peto poglavlje, predviđa budućnost turizma. U radu se istražuju čimbenici koji uzrokuju pojavu prekomjernog turizma te razlozi zbog kojih dolazi do turizmofobije u poznatim odredištima masovnog turizma. The main purpose of the final paper is to analyse the phenomenon of overtourism and the phenomenon of tourismophobia in known destinations, and to present its different forms of in destinations in Europe and Croatia. The aim of the paper is to show the development of tourism and how it has grown and what are the consequences of overtourism, how destinations respond to it and what are the possible improvements. According to the set purpose and goal, the BA thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter describes the chronological development of tourism in the world and Croatia. The second chapter deals with the phenomenon of tourismophobia, defines the term and gives examples in Europe and the world. The third chapter serves to present a case study on examples from Europe and Croatia. The fourth chapter describes reservation systems and how they support the mass form of tourism. Lastly, chapter five predicts the future of tourism. The paper explores what are all the factors that cause the occurrence of excessive tourism and why tourismophobia occurs in well-known mass tourism destinations.

Primarni cilj ovoga rada bio je objasniti i kontekstualizirati što to znači biti mažoretkinja u sredini kao što je grad Gospić. Slijedeći stručnu i znanstvenu literaturu iz područja etnokoreologije i antropologije plesa, nastojala sam dobiti uvid u načine istraživanja plesa, ali i pozicioniranje istraživača u slučajevima da su i sami bili sudionicima istraživanoga. Prije rezultata moga istraživanja (dobivenih parcijalnom autoetnografskom metodom, naracijom sjećanja i antropološkom analizom), nastojala sam objasniti pojam i povijest mažoret plesa u svjetskom, nacionalnom i lokalnom kontekstu. Budući da o mažoret plesu u domaćoj literaturi nema mnogo napisa, ovaj je rad pokušaj nadopunjavanja toga segmenta. The primary goal of this paper was to explain and contextualize what it means to be a majorette in an environment such as the town of Gospić. Following the professional and scientific literature in the field of ethnochoreology and anthropology of dance, I tried to gain insight into the ways of researching dance, but also the positioning of researchers in cases where they themselves were participants in the research. Prior to the results of my research (obtained by parcial autoethnographic method, memory narration and anthropological analysis), I sought to explain the concept and history of majorette dance in a global, national, and local context. Since there are not many articles about majorette dance in the domestic literature, this paper is an attempt to supplement this segment.

Srednjobosanski (SBK) i Zeničko-Dobojski (ZDK) kantoni imaju bogatu rudarsku, zanatsku i industrijsku povijest. Gradovi poput Zenice, Zavidovića, Breze, Travnika, Vareša i drugih poznati su kao nekad industrijski „giganti“. Iako su nekad bili industrijski gradovi, nakon osamostaljenja Bosne i Hercegovine pojavljuju se određeni problemi zbog kojih gradovi navedenih kantona gube titulu industrijskih, a postaju post-industrijski. U svijetu, post-industrijski grad pojam koji asocira na razvijene gradove Velike Britanije ili Sjedinjenih Američkih država, takav slučaj nije u Bosni i Hercegovini. Industrija, odnosno industrijska baština SBK i ZDK sve češće predstavlja sramotu među stanovništvom zbog svoje zapuštenosti, ali i zbog događaja koji su se zbivali nakon osamostaljenja Bosne i Hercegovine. Gotovo sve tvornice su ili propale, ili su na rubu propadanja, a po pitanju napuštene infrastrukture ništa se ne poduzima. Dojam koji se može steći na osnovu intervjua s bivšim industrijskim radnicima iz SBK i ZDK je da je prije osamostaljenja život bio kvalitetniji i aktivniji, s više sadržaja zabavnog, društvenog i edukativnog karaktera. Propadanje industrije dovelo je do iseljavanja stanovništva, siromaštva i nestabilnosti u državi. Zbog toga na primjeru post-industrijskih gradova koji su prenamijenili industrijsku infrastrukturu, a sačuvali njen povijesni značaj kao primjer se može uzeti kreativna industrija koja se može implementirati u gradove SBK i ZDK. The Central Bosnia (SBK) and Zenica-Doboj (ZDK) cantons have a rich mining, craft and industrial history. Cities such as Zenica, Zavidovići, Breza, Travnik, Vareš and others are known as once industrial „giants“. Although they used to be industrial cities, after the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina, certain problems arose due to which the cities of these cantons lost the title of industrial, and gained post-industrial. In the world, the term post-industrial city is associated with the developed cities of Great Britain or the United States, such case does not apply to Bosnia and Herzegovina. Industry, or the industrial heritage of SBK and ZDK, is increasingly a disgrace among the population due to its neglect, but also due to the recent events that took place after the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Almost all factories have either collapsed or are on the verge of collapse, and nothing is being done about abandoned infrastructure. The impression that can be gained based on interviews with former industrialists of SBK and ZDK cantones is that before independence, life was better and more active, with more entertainment, social and educational events. The decline of the industry has led to the emigration of the population, poverty and instability in the country. Therefore, on the example of post-industrial cities that have repurposed industrial infrastructure, and preserved its historical significance, the creative industry that can be implemented in the cities of SBK and ZDK cantones can be taken as an example.

This paper explores the phenomenon of areas with a large number of abandoned and vacant properties that have a significant impact on the life of communities in economic, environmental and socio-cultural terms. Although the phenomenon has been present in some parts of Europe and the USA for a number of decades, it has become more prevalent in recent decades. The aim of this paper is to explore whether the phenomenon of abandonment is present in contemporary Croatia, as a complex network of negative demographic, social, economic and environmental causes and impacts. Furthermore, the aim is to create a theoretical framework for research into areas with a large number of abandoned or vacant properties in Croatia. Quantitative analyses of key indicators, content analysis of published media and official documents, and ethnographic field research show that abandoned areas are certainly present in Croatia, as are local initiatives to mitigate the negative situation. The recognition of this phenomenon at national, regional and local level needs to be accompanied by the development of an interdisciplinary research methodology, policies and regeneration strategies. Some guidelines on these matters are provided at the end of the paper., U radu se istražuje fenomen područja s velikim brojem napuštenih i praznih nekretnina koja značajno utječu na život zajednica u ekonomskom, okolišnom i socio-kulturnom smislu. Premda je taj fenomen prisutan u nekim dijelovima Europe i SAD-a već niz desetljeća, posljednjih desetljeća bilježi se njegovo jačanje. Cilj je ovog rada istražiti je li fenomen napuštenosti prisutan u suvremenoj Hrvatskoj kao složena mreža negativnih demografskih, socijalnih, ekonomskih i okolišnih uzroka i utjecaja. Nadalje, cilj je stvoriti teorijski okvir za istraživanje područja s velikim brojem napuštenih ili praznih nekretnina u Hrvatskoj. Kvantitativne analize ključnih pokazatelja, analiza medijskih sadržaja i službenih dokumenata te etnografska terenska istraživanja pokazuju da su napuštena područja zasigurno prisutna u Hrvatskoj, a isto tako i lokalne inicijative za ublažavanje negativne situacije. Prepoznavanje tog fenomena na nacionalnoj, regionalnoj i lokalnoj razini treba pratiti razvoj interdisciplinarnih istraživačkih metodologija, politika i strategija regeneracije. Neke smjernice o tim pitanjima iznose se na kraju rada.

Ovaj rad predstavlja autoetnografsko istraživanje fenomena emocije straha i post-potresnog stanje anksioznosti. U fokusu ovog rada su narativi o osobnom iskustvu potresa na Banovini 29. prosinca 2020. koji je utjecao na nastanak emocija straha i tjeskobe te formiranje nove svakodnevice kao i odnosa između pojedinca sa njegovom okolinom. Tematski okvir rada obrađuje pitanja vezana za autoetnografiju kao istraživačku metodu, zatim pitanje o načinu oblikovanja narativa traumatskog iskustva prirodne katastrofe i njezinih posljedica, te pitanja vezana uz nastanak, interpretaciju i definiranje emocija straha i anksioznosti u određenoj empirijskoj situaciji. Koristeći osobni zapis, autorica promatra vlastitu interakciju i razmišljanje o potresu i danima koji su uslijedili. Emocije straha i anksioznosti izdvojene su kao sociološki i kulturno-antropološki fenomeni istraženi kroz prizmu sociologije, etnologije, kulturne antropologije, folkloristike i drugih relevantnih znanstvenih disciplina. This paper presents an autoethnographic study of the phenomenon of the emotion of fear and the post-shocking state of anxiety. The focus of this paper is on narratives about the personal experience of the earthquake in Banovina on December 29, 2020 that had an impact on the emergence of emotions of fear and anxiety and the formation of a new everyday life as well as the relationship of the individual with his environment. The thematic framework of the paper deals with issues related to autoethnography as a research method, then the question of how to shape the narrative of the traumatic experience of natural disaster and its consequences, and questions related to the emergence, interpretation, and definition of emotions of fear and anxiety in a particular empirical situation. Using a personal record, the author observed his own interactions and reflections on the earthquake event and days that followed. Emotions of fear and anxiety were singled out as sociological and cultural anthropological phenomena explored through the prism of sociology, ethnology, cultural anthropology, folklore, and other relevant scientific disciplines.

Disertacija se temelji na etnografskom istraživanju rada u humanitarnim organizacijama i udrugama civilnog društva u Hrvatskoj koje se bave pružanjem pomoći izbjeglicama i migrantima. Započinje teorijsko-povijesnim pregledom razvoja humanitarnoga sektora i međunarodne industrije humanitarne pomoći. Pri tome, oslanja se na proturječja koja su pratila rad humanitarnih organizacija od 19. stoljeća naovamo. Propitivanjem normi i trendova liberalnog humanitarizma i njegova odnosa s konceptima civilnoga društva i nevladinih organizacija, disertacija otvara prostor za analizu specifičnosti humanitarnoga sektora u suvremenom hrvatskom kontekstu. Na temelju polustrukturiranih intervjua s humanitarnim djelatnicima i sudioničkog promatranja u humanitarnim inicijativama/organizacijama pokrenutima tijekom masovnoga tranzita izbjeglica 2015. i 2016., disertacija proučava aspekte u kojima se ogledaju proturječja koja u sektoru humanitarnog rada proizlaze iz sraza predodžbe o humanitarizmu kao, s jedne strane, altruističnom djelovanju i, s druge strane, industriji humanitarne pomoći. Uz to, propituje različita tumačenja humanitarizma u „profesionalnim“ i „vernakularnim“ humanitarnim organizacijama. Prateći birokratizaciju i institucionalizaciju neovisnih humanitarnih inicijativa, disertacija posvećuje značajnu pozornost transformacijama rada u uvjetima kasnoga kapitalizma, a posljedično i načinu na koji se te transformacije odražavaju u humanitarnom sektoru u Hrvatskoj. Naposljetku, adresira prekarizaciju i projektifikaciju humanitarnoga rada i fenomen profesionalnog sagorijevanja karakterističan za pomagačka zanimanja, a kojemu pristupa iz perspektive afektivnoga rada. Propituje procese psihologizacije i patologizacije humanitarnog i zagovaračkog angažmana, i praksi u kojima se očituje dinamika između repolitizacije i depolitizacije stradanja, a posljedično i humanitarnoga rada. Istraživanje pokazuje da se priroda humanitarnoga rada nalazi u ambivalentnom odnosu između emocionalnoga rada i nastojanja radnika da se u tom procesu zaštite od sagorijevanja, a da u tom procesu ne postanu indiferentni subjekti depolitizirajućega režima skrbi o izbjeglicama i ljudima u pokretu. This dissertation focuses on the notion of humanitarian work in contemporary Croatia. Specifically, it explores refugee aid workscape, with an emphasis placed on work experiences and processes of aid workers. Bearing in mind the critique of humanitarianism that sees humanitarian work as a form of biopolitical governance and an ambivalent system of care and control, this thesis explores in what ways these antagonisms influence the work of humanitarians and employees of the nonprofit sector in Croatia. Emphasis is placed on the transformation of humanitarian work following the concept of affective labor, and a post- Foucauldian understanding of governance and self-care. Accordingly, the dissertation offers an anthropological analysis of work in humanitarian organizations that provide aid to refugees/migrants/asylum seekers in the contemporary Croatian context, taking into account their precarious and projectified working conditions. It starts off by exploring humanitarianism through history, tracing the contradictions inherent to humanitarianism and its development from 19th-century philanthropy to international profession and industry. It analyzes different shapes of humanitarianism and traces how the dominant perception of liberal western humanitarianism has been created, and what are the norms, trends, and politics that define this perception. It shows the development and meaning of non-governmental organizations and civil society and their complex relationship to the concept of humanitarianism. For the international community, predominantly led by Western countries, the end of the Cold War signaled the long-awaited expansion of liberalism, which was no longer limited by Cold War relations. The last decade of the 20th century represents a turning point that is reflected in the nexus of humanitarianisma, liberalism and interventionism in war and postwar environments as well as in the global transformations in the area of work. These two aspects represent the two axes on which this dissertation relies when questioning the contemporary forms, discourses and antagonisms of aid work. The relationship between the seemingly opposed notions such as “help” and “work”, “emotions” and “rationality” or “amateurism” and “professionalism” that frequently accompanied conversations and appeared during fieldwork has been taken as the starting point for examining the relationship between transformation of humanitarianism and transformastion of work. These relationships, contradictions and transformations of humanitarianism, NGO sector and aid work are explored in the Croatian post-transitional context taking into account that the development of civil society in Croatia took place in post-war and transitional circumstances, which impacted the positioning of civil society and humanitarian organizations in the contemporary context. In addition, it explores the emergence of new humanitarian initiatives and the processes of bureaucratization and institutionalization of grassroots humanitarianism. The mass transit of refugees in Croatia in 2015. and 2016. prompted the humanitarian and advocacy engagement of various actors – individuals, international agencies, and civil society organizations – and even the establishment of new initiatives and NGOs. It also increased the possibilities for funds and grants related to European Union and other international donors. A new humanitarian and advocacy niche has been established in the labor market, with a significant increase in the number of individuals, collectives, initiatives, and organizations involved in working with refugees and migrants. The author conducted ethnographic research that consists of ethnography of work in the Winter Reception and Transit Center in Slavonski Brod during the mass refugee transit in 2015/2016, participant observation among employees and volunteers in civil society organizations and initiatives that provide aid to refugees, and semi-structured interviews with volunteers and aid workers. This applies in particular to (1) interlocutors who were engaged in the refugee camp in Slavonski Brod, some of whom have continued to work in similar jobs until today, and (2) interlocutors who joined one of the humanitarian and/or human rights organizations subsequently and who, during this research, actively work or volunteer on programs related to contemporary migration and refugee regimes. Interviews covered employment experiences, motivations, expectations, and possible deviations from expectations, as well as difficulties that aid workers deal with such as the growing phenomenon of burnout. Relying on interviews and participative ethnography the author captured tensions between different understandings of humanitarianism. Specific focus was placed on the relationship between humanitarianism perceived in relation to concepts such as solidarity and activism on one side, and humanitarianism perceived as a highly professionalized and bureaucratized aid industry on the other. The main focus of this research was to explore in which ways, practices, and discourses the tension between the two perspectives about humanitarianism reflects in the labor processes of aid workers and in what ways the Croatian regime of care that refugees/migrants/people on the move are subjected to encapsulates those tensions. The concept of affective labor enabled understanding of the taxing experience of aid work and highlighted the entanglement of ethics, politics, and affects in the humanitarian sector. After the historical and theoretical insights into the development of the humanitarian industry, together with the antagonisms that followed its creation and transformation, and by using the narrative analysis based on interviews and ethnographic accounts, this dissertation explores (1) the ways the aid system has been commodified in the Winter Transit and Reception Camp in Slavonski Brod, (2) the ways grassroots/independent humanitarianisms have been developed during the mass refugee transit and (3) how these independent and/or volunteer initiatives risk being co-opted by the neoliberal/late capitalistic management techniques. Using the dialectical relationship between the processes of depoliticization and repoliticization of suffering, this dissertation explores the labor processes of aid and advocacy work having in mind the different positionalities of humanitarian organizations. The main focus is placed on the labor invested in overcoming the gap between taxing emotional, moral, and affective forms of labor and the processes of professionalization and bureaucratization that reproduce the uneven power relationship characteristic of a humanitarian regime. The latter gap pointed out the importance of self-care not only as a desirable practice within the taxing refugee aid workscape, but as a tool for shifting the interpretation of the problem produced by policies of migration/refugee regimes from their external sources to the internal level of aid workers. This is normally done by encouraging workers to optimize their capacities and skills when it comes to processing unjust practices, political decisions, and policies. However, most interlocutors demonstrate how an overwhelming landscape of refugee aid and a lack of experience or a lack of institutional protection can easily compromise the mental health of humanitarian workers. This research shows that it is precisely in the process of finding the balance between “care for others” and “care for oneself” (the humanitarian impulse and imperative of self-care) that affective labor takes place. After considering these processes through the notions of psychologization and pathologization of aid and advocacy work, the thesis interrogates the relationship between humanitarianism and feminism. Specifically, it explores volunteer work through the lens of the theory of social reproduction and the work practices that encapsulate the tensions between the subversive and exploitative capacity of emotional labor. Finally, this dissertation explores intersections of different forms and understandings of humanitarianism in the contemporary aid workscape in Croatia. It showed that the focus of the notion of work in humanitarian studies helps to grasp the ambivalent nature of humanitarianism. It points out that it consists of a dialectical relationship between emotional and rational capacities. These two parts of work consider emotional work that refers to interaction, communication, empathy, and care, and the efforts invested by workers not to burn out due to exhaustive and stressful work conditions. While the first level involves investing emotions and affects that cannot be quantified, the second level is determined by the attempts of humanitarians to establish control over the intensity and scope of care they invest in aid work. Next to rethinking different forms and shapes of the antagonisms of humanitarian work, the thesis explores the potential of emotional/affective labor suggesting that the process of repoliticization of labor in humanitarian and NGO sector can lead the process of overcoming these antagonisms.

Prostor Podžablja i Graca, odnosno neumskog zaleđa, jest prostor doticanja državnih granica, ali i etnojezičnih kontakta. Specifična geografska izoliranost, burna povijesna zbivanja, te plejade multietničkih, multireligijskih, te napose višejezičnih dodira kroz stoljeća tvore jedinstven kulturni otisak stanovništva, koji je posebno uočljiv u jezičnoj baštini stanovništva. Imena mjesta, ljudi i životinja jesu neki od najčešćih jezičnih fenomena u kojima je heterogenost kulturnih utjecaja ovog podneblja itekako očita. Onomastičkom analizom podžapskog imenskog korpusa je moguće prepoznati etnojezične utjecaje na stanovništvo kroz povijest. U načinima i motivacijama imenovanja, kao i u korištenju samih imena, moguće je uvidjeti na koji način svi ti višestoljetni utjecaji kroje obrasce diskursa gradačkog stanovništva. Podžablje and Gradac area, which lays in the hinterland of Neum, is a country border area, as well as an area of ethnolinguistic contact. Specific geographical isolation, tumultous historic events, as well as mirriads of multiethnic, multireligious, and especially multilinguistic contacts throughout the centuries make up for a unique cultural footprint of the population, which is especially evident in their linguistic heritage. Names of places, people and animals are some of the most curious linguistic phenomena which showcase the heterogenity of cultural influences on the area. Through onomastic analysis of the onymic fund of Podžablje, it is possible to discern the ethnolinguistic influences on the populace throughout history. In the modes and motifs of naming, as well as in name using, the possibility of discerning ways on which these multicentennial influences help build up the patterns of discourse of the community of Gradac arises.

Svrha ovog rada je ukazati na suodnos globalizacijski posredovanih procesa masovnog turizma i kapitalističkog sustava upravljanja, čime se mijenja prostor stare splitske jezgre kroz perspektivu i sjećanje nekadašnjeg stanovnika četvrti u jezgri „Get“. Koristila sam metodu vođenog obilaska te terenski susret s mojim sugovornikom i vodičem Getom koji analiziram kao performans, pri čemu slijedim glavne postavke imaginativne etnografije (Culhane, 2016). Analizirajući vođenu šetnju starom jezgrom grada Splita, pozornost posvećujem sljedećim temama: (1) osjećaj pripadanja određenoj gradskoj četvrti i zajednici, (2) uloga sjećanja u konstruiranju osjećaja pripadanja, (3) depopulacija, komercalizacija i turistifikacija stare jezgre Splita. The purpose of this paper is to point out the correlation between globalization-mediated mass tourism processes and the capitalist management system, which influence spatial changes of Split's old center through the perspective and memory of the former inhabitant of one of old city neighborhood called "Get”. I used the method of guided tour, and I analyze the field meeting with my interlocutor which guided me through “Get” as a performance, inspired by the main settings of imaginative ethnography (Culhane, 2016). By analyzing the guided walk through the old center of Split, I focus on following topics: (1) the feeling of belonging to a particular city district and community (2) the role of memory in constructing the feeling of belonging (3) depopulation, commercialization and touristization of the old Split's center.

Florijan Andrašec u kontekstu poetike pučke književnosti i kulture sjećanja naslov je interdisciplinarnog diplomskog rada u čijem je fokusu međimurski pučki pjesnik, skladatelj, orguljaš, slikar i kipar Florijan Andrašec (1888–1962). U prvome se dijelu rada četrdesetak pjesama iz jedine Andrašecove za života objavljene pjesničke zbirke Međimurske fijolice (1953) analizira u kontekstu poetike pučke književnosti. Najviše se pažnje pridaje pitanju odredbe Andrašecova pjesničkog identiteta te pobijanju tvrdnje da oznaka pučkog degradira Andrašecov pjesnički talent. U drugome se dijelu rada prati konstrukcija lika Florijana Andrašeca kao figure sjećanja u naselju Dekanovcu, pjesnikovoj lokalnoj zajednici, u vremenskom okviru od 60-ih godina 20. stoljeća do suvremenih dana. Na osnovu prikupljene građe propituje se u kojoj se mjeri narativ o Andrašecu u zacrtanu vremenskom okviru mijenjao te na koje su načine književni i drugi znanstvenici i stručnjaci zahtjevom za stručnom valorizacijom Andrašecova stvaralaštva nakon pjesnikove smrti 60-ih godina 20. stoljeća anticipirali općinsku politiku pamćenja Florijana Andrašeca koja je uslijedila nakon 1997. godine. Nastoji se pokazati kako zahtjev za pamćenjem Florijana Andrašeca u Dekanovcu nije isključivo rezultat odluka koje se donose s pozicije moći, već zajedničkog djelovanja šire mreže aktera koji se s Andrašecom i njegovim stvaralaštvom poistovjećuju i u formalnim i u svakodnevnim prigodama. Najviše se analitičkog prostora pridaje manifestaciji Školski projekt „Florijan i ja” i načinima na koje se u okviru njezinih aktivnosti sjećanje na Andrašeca u Dekanovcu prenosi. Florijan Andrašec in the context of the poetics of folk literature and culture of memory is the title of an interdisciplinary graduate thesis focused on the Međimurje folk poet, composer, organist, painter and sculptor Florijan Andrašec (1888–1962). In the first part of the thesis, some forty poems from Andrašec’s only collection of poems published during his lifetime, Međimurske fijolice (1953), are analyzed in the context of the poetics of folk literature. Most attention is paid to the issue of the definition of Andrašec’s poetic identity and the refutation of the claim that the “folk poet” label degrades Andrašec’s poetic talent. The second part of the thesis follows the construction of the character of Florijan Andrašec as a figure of memory in the settlement of Dekanovec, the poet’s local community, in the timeframe from the 1960s to modern days. Based on the collected material, it is questioned to what extent the narrative about Andrašec changed in the set timeframe and in what ways literary and other scholars and experts in the 1960’s anticipated the Dekanovec Municipality’s politics of memory of Florijan Andrašec, which followed after 1997, by requesting a professional valorization of Andrašec’s work after the poet’s death. The thesis seeks to demonstrate that the demand for the memory of Florijan Andrašec in Dekanovec is not solely the result of decisions made from a position of power, but the joint action of a wider network of actors who identify with Andrašec and his work in both formal and everyday occasions. Most of the analytical space is given to the manifestation entitled “Florian and I” School Project and the ways in which the memory of Andrašec in Dekanovec is transmitted within its activities.

Diplomski rad pod naslovom „Kulturnoantropološki pogled na dječju igru u tradicijskom i suvremenom kontekstu” prikaz je starih igara za djecu koje su se igrale na području ogulinskog kraja s naglaskom na ruralno područje sela Zagorje Ogulinsko i Salopek Sela. U radu se može vidjeti komparacija igre, naĉin igre kako se djeca igraju danas s igrama koje su djeca igrala prije nekoliko generacija. Sam smještaj obilježio je i način života Ogulinaca i njihov osjećaj regionalnoj pripadnosti što je tipično da ne pripadaju niti u Gorski kotar niti Liku. Kako je to kraj u kojem prevladava poljoprivreda, a nekada je prevladavalo i stočarstvo te uzgoj goveda, naĉin na koji su ljudi živjeli se znatno razlikuje od života u gradovima. Potaknuta time, istražila sam igre koje su igrali „naši stari” dok su bili djeca, igre koje su igrali kod kuće, ali i igre koje su igrali dok su čuvali blago (ovce, krave, koze, itd.) jer je to većinom i bilo jedino vrijeme kad su se mogli igrati i družiti. Igre se kroz vrijeme i generacije znatno mijenjaju što dovodi do toga da su stare igre poput „kamenkanja” gotovo nestale. Te igre se danas više ne igraju, osim ponekad u izvedbama folklornih skupina ili na inicijativu organizacijskog odbora za proslavu Svetog Roka na Liščevki se zna „potezati uže”, bacati „prsten” kao vrsta natjecateljskih igara upravo za vrijeme proslave Svetog Roka. U radu se osim igara spominju i dječje igračke kojima su se djeca igrala te njihova promjena i modernizacija uslijed izmjena generacija, kao i promjena koja se dogodila s igrom od tradicijske igre do suvremene igre i razvoja tehnologije koja nudi neki sasvim drugačiji vid igre za razliku od načina igre prije nekih sedamdesetak i više godina. Za potrebe rada intervjuirano je više kazivača s šireg područja ogulinskog kraja (Zagorje Ogulinsko i Salopek Selo) te su opisana vlastita iskustva i promatranje sa sudjelovanjem u igri s mlađom djecom. This thesis under the title „Children's play in a traditional and contemporary context: a cultural anthropological perspective“ is a review of old games for children which were played in the landscape of Ogulin with emphasis on the rural areas of Zagorje Ogulinsko and Salopek Selo. In the thesis can be seen a comparison of the game, the way of children play today with the games that children played a few generations ago. The seating marked the way of life of the people of Ogulin and theire seanse of regional affiliation, witch is tipically neither Gorski Kotar or Lika. It's an area dominated by agriculture, and erstwhile dominated by livestock and cattle breeding, the way people lived is different from life in the city. Encorauged by this I researched games playes by our grandparents when they were children, the games played at home, but also games played while they have keeping cattle (sheeps, cows, ...) because it was mosty the only time when they could play and hang out. Games change across the time and generations and that bring to the fact that old games like „kamenkanje“ are almost disappear. Those games aren't played at all'anymore, except sometimes in folklore events or at the initiative of the organising commitee it is known to „pull the rope“, throw the „ring“ like a king of competitive games during same celebration. In this thesis except the games are mention children's toys that children played with, and their change and modernization across generations, as the change that happend with the game from traditional games to modern games and the development of tehnology that offers same completely different kind od game opposed the way how children played seventy or more years ago. For the purposes of this thesis I have interviewed same people from the area of Ogulin and Ogulin region (Zagorje Ogulinsko and Salopek Selo), and were described their own experiences and observations with participation in the games with younger children.

U radu se istražuju suvremene migracije visokoobrazovanih Međimuraca u Republiku Austriju nakon ulaska Republike Hrvatske u Europsku uniju 2013. godine. Na temelju kvalitativnog terenskog istraživanja (polustrukturiranim intervjuima s jedanaest kazivača oba spola i različitih obrazovanja), relevantne literature i analize statističkih podataka iz Hrvatske i Austrije istraženi su uzroci i motivi iseljavanja iz Međimurske županije te integracijski i transnacionalni procesi. Pri odluci o preseljenju, samom činu preseljenja i početku života u drugoj zemlji uočava se velika važnost socijalne migrantske mreže. Istraživanje pokazuje da su uzroci migracija ekonomski, često u kombinaciji s ljubavnim motivima, a prisutno je i nezadovoljstvo poslovnim prilikama u Hrvatskoj, nepoštivanjem radnika i neuređenosti državnog sustava na svim razinama. Značajnom se pokazala i tradicija iseljavanja iz Međimurja u Austriju te prostorna blizina Hrvatske i Austrije koja olakšava ne samo iseljavanje već i transnacionalne procese. Migranti su se u austrijsko društvo vrlo dobro integrirali te većina u skorijoj budućnosti ne planira povratak u Hrvatsku. This paper deals with the contemporary migrations of highly educated people of Međimurje to the Republic of Austria after the accession of the Republic of Croatia to the European Union in 2013. Causes and motivation for immigration from Međimurje County, as well as integration and transnational processes, were studied based on the qualitative field research (using semi-structured interviews with 11 participants of both genders and different professions), relevant literature and analysis of statistical data from Croatia and Austria. The data have shown great significance of migrant social networks in decision to move, the moving process, as well as starting a life abroad. Furthermore, the reasons for migration proved to be mostly economic, often combined with love motives, followed by dissatisfaction with employment opportunities, disrespectful behaviour in the workplace and poor organization in all levels of government. Of great influence are also both the tradition of migration from Međimurje to Austria, and spatial proximity of Croatia and Austria which simplifies not only the immigration, but also the transnational processes. Migrants claim to have successfully integrated into the Austrian society and most of them do not plan to return to Croatia in the near future.

Ovaj diplomski rad bavi se kulturno antropološkom analizom tržnice u Novoj Gradiški. Polazeći iz vlastitog iskustva, a zatim i iz iskustava sugovornika i sugovornica, autorica sagledava tržnicu kao mjesto polisemičnih značenja. Sukladno tome, uz analizu narativa sudionika pijace i vlastitog sudjelovanja na pijaci te analize arhivske građe i relevantne znanstvene literature prikazuje se na koji način se novogradiška tržnica stvara i oblikuje te izlazi iz diskursa urbanističkog plana i okvira tržnog reda. Cilj rada je sagledavanje pijace kao mjesta polisemičnih značenja na kojem se isprepliću različite prakse i procesi koji se neprestano reproduciraju i transformiraju. Metode koje se koriste u radu su sudioničko promatranje, polustrukturirani intervjui te fotografija kao vizualno pomagalo. Rad se vodi konceptima društvene proizvodnje i oblikovanja te dimenzijom multivokalnosti u kontekstu antropologije mjesta i prostora . This thesis discusses the cultural anthropological analysis of the open market in Nova Gradiška. Starting from the personal experience and then the experience of interviewees, the author views the open market as a place of polysemic meanings. The analysis of the narratives of interviewees and personal experiences along with the analysis of archives and relevant scientific literature concerning the market shows how the open market in Nova Gradiška is constructed and shaped and how it goes beyond the discourse of urban plans and market order. The main goal of this thesis is examining the market as a place of polysemic meanings where different practices and processes are intertwined and are constantly reproduced and transformed. The methods used in this thesis are interactive observation, semi-structured interview, and photography as a visual aid. The paper is guided by the concepts of social production and construction and the dimension of multivocality in the context of anthropology of place and space.

Kulturna baština se prema UNESCO-u odnosi na spomenike, skupine građevina o lokalitete od povijesne, estetske, arheološke, znanstvene, etnološke ili antropološke vrijednosti. Dugi niz godina se na baštinu gledala kao na verziju prošlosti primljenu kroz predmete, lokacije, događaje i sjećanja. Kasnije se taj fokus mijenja i ono što postaje bino je način na koji se baština izražava kroz pojmove kulture, identiteta i politike. Razvoj kulture prati se i u razvoju tehnologije i pod utjecajem globalizacije te se može govoriti o takozvanim globalnim i virtualnim kulturama. Tako i nastaje pojam kreativnih i kulturnih industrija koje su zapravo djelatnosti koje potječu iz ljudske kreativnosti, vještina i talenta i imaju potencijal za ostvarivanje prihoda. Pojava kulturnih i kreativnih industrija podijelila je mišljenja te tako pojedini autori smatraju da se u želji za profitom gubi bit kulture dok drugi smatraju da su kulturne i kreativne industrije ključni izvor nacionalnog bogatstva i društvenih inovacija. Globalizacija i razvoj tehnologije također su u kulturi rezultirali stvaranjem kulturnih politika. Jedna od definicija kulturnih politika je ta da su one sredstvo sveukupne državne politike koje se tiče kulture, odnosno područje javne politike vezano uz aktivnosti koje uključuju umjetnost i kulturu te potiču razvoj kulturne raznolikosti. U Republici Hrvatskoj kulturne politike se sustavno provode od osnutka države. Prolazeći kroz procese tranzicije, rata i privatizacije kulturne politike u Hrvatskoj tek 2000. godine ostvaruju napredak kada Ministarstvo kulture kreće u izradu novih legislativnih mjera. Glavni cilj tih mjera bio je decentralizacija upravljanja kulturom. Hrvatska u tom periodu sve više pokazuje interes za usklađivanjem kulturnih politika sa standardima Europske Unije, a danas kao članica Europske Unije prati zadane parametre kulturnih politika same Unije. Odnos kulturnih politika grada Varaždina, baroknog grada na sjeveru Hrvatske, ovaj rad prati kroz strategiju kulture i proračunske dokumente grada. Strategija razvoja kulture odnosi se na period od 2016. do 2020. godine, a iz istog perioda analizirani su proračunski dokumenti. Varaždin gradi imidž grada kulture ulaganjima u obnove kulturnih objekata i uključivanjem svojih stanovnika u aspekte kulture i organizacijom raznih manifestacija i evenata. Razvijaju se strateški projekti koji se uglavnom odnose na obnovu i adaptaciju kulturnih građevina u kulturne svrhe te projekti za razvoj kulturnih industrija. Analizom proračunskih dokumenata grada Varaždina vidljivo je da je Grad nastavio trend povećanja rashoda za kulturu tijekom 2017. i 2018. godine, udvostručivši davanja u odnosu na 2016. Isto tako povećanjem financiranja festivala ti festivali postaju temelj prepoznavanja Varaždina kao kulturne sredine i u konačnici došlo je do boljih rezultata prihoda grada. According to UNESCO, cultural heritage refers to monuments, groups of buildings and sites of historical, aesthetic, archaeological, scientific, ethnological or anthropological values. For many years, heritage was seen as a version of the past received through objects, locations, events and memories. Later on, that focus changes and what becomes important is the way heritage is expressed through notions of culture, identity and politics. The development of culture is monitored in the development of technology and under the influence of globalization, and we can discuss the so-called global and virtual cultures. This is how the notion of creative and cultural industries emerges, which are in fact activities that originate from human creativity, skills and talents and have the potential to generate income. The appearance of cultural and creative industries has divided opinions, so some authors believe that the essence of culture is lost in the desire for profit, while others believe that cultural and creative industries are a key source of national wealth and social innovation. Globalization and the development of technology have also resulted in the creation of cultural politics in culture. One of the definitions of cultural politics is that they are a means of the overall state policy concerning culture, in the area of public policy related to activities that include art and culture and encourage the development of cultural diversity. In the Republic of Croatia, cultural politics have been systematically implemented since the founding of the state. Going through the processes of transition, war and privatization of cultural politics in Croatia, they only made progress in 2000 when the Ministry of Culture started drafting new legislative measures. The main goal of these measures was the decentralization of cultural management. In that period, Croatia increasingly showed interest in harmonizing cultural politics with the standards of the European Union, and today, as a member of the European Union, it monitors the set parameters of cultural politics of the Union itself. The relationship between the cultural politics of the city of Varaždin, a baroque city in the north of Croatia, this thesis follows through the culture strategy and budget documents of the city. The culture development strategy refers to the period from 2016 to 2020, and budget documents from the same period were analysed. Varaždin builds the image of the city of culture by investing in the renovation of cultural facilities and involving its residents in aspects of culture and organizing various events and manifestations. Strategic projects are being developed, mainly related to reconstruction and adaptation of cultural buildings for cultural purposes and projects for the development of cultural industries. The analysis of budget documents of the City of Varaždin shows that the City continued the trend of increasing expenditures for culture during 2017 and 2018, doubling the fees compared to 2016. Also, by increasing funding for festivals, these festivals become the basis for recognizing Varaždin as a cultural environment, ultimately showing better city revenue results.

Ovo se istraživanje bavi analizom javnih politika prema osobama s invaliditetom u Hrvatskoj. Krećući se od različitih modela invaliditeta te različitih dokumenata (poput UNove Konvencije o ljudskim pravima osoba s invaliditetom i Međunarodne klasifikacije funkcioniranja, onesposobljenosti i zdravlja itd.), analiziraju se pravni te medicinski mehanizmi stvaranja onog što se u radu naziva subjekt invaliditeta. Ovaj se subjekt invaliditeta ne oblikuje samo kao rezultat modela invaliditeta ili jednostrani učinak javnih politika, već mu se u istraživanju pristupa kao problemu (Foucault) koji se prati kroz odnos javnih politika i države te u područjima aktivizma, samopomoći i humanitarnim akcijama. Kroz navedena područja problematizira se subjekt viktimizacije koji u vlastitom stvaranje slobode postane vezan uz uvjete vlastitoga postojanja. Isprepletenost države i procesa subjektivizacije je fokus istraživanja rada. Teorijski je rad informiran mišlju Michela Foucaulta i Wendy Brown. Od Foucaultova koncepta političke racionalnosti koja istovremeno individualizira i totalizira tijela osoba s invaliditetom te doprinosa Brown, koja ističe posljedice usmjerenosti emancipatornih politika prema državi za artikulaciju političke subjektivnosti. Ovaj rad ne pokušava samo primijeniti, već i reinterpretirati navedene teorijske okvire, kako bismo omogućili promišljanje procesa političke subjektivizacije u području koje je rijetko analizirano, ne samo u Hrvatskoj veći i šire. Koristeći antropologiju javnih politika, dokumentima javnih politika prema osobama s invaliditetom pristupilo se, ne samo kao nositeljima normativne funkcije, već dokumentima koji odražavaju i utječu na odnose moći. Rad ukazuje na to kako, unatoč proklamiranim ciljevima, javne politike neraskidivo vežu osobe s invaliditetom kao subjekte u svojoj slobodi za državu. This research deals with the analysis of public policies towards persons with disabilities in Croatia. Starting from different models of disability and different documents (such as the UN Convention on the Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, etc.), the legal and medical mechanisms of creating what is called disability subject are analyzed. This subject of disability is formed not only as a result of a disability model or unilateral effect of public policies, but in research it is approached as a problem (Foucault) that is monitored through the relationship between public policies and the state, and in the areas of activism, self-help and humanitarian actions. Through these areas, the „subject of victimization“ is problematized, which in its own constitution of freedom becomes tied to the conditions of its own existence. The intertwining of the state and the process of subjectivization is the focus of this research. The theoretical work was informed by the research of Michel Foucault and Wendy Brown; from Foucault’s concept of political rationality that simultaneously individualizes and totalizes the bodies of people with disabilities, and Brown’s contribution, which highlights the consequences of emancipatory policy orientation toward the state for articulating political subjectivity. This paper not only tries to apply but reinterpret the stated theoretical frameworks in order to enable reflection on the process of political subjectivization in an area that is rarely analyzed not only in Croatia but beyond. Using the anthropology of public policies, public policy documents towards persons with disabilities were approached not only as holders of a normative function but also as documents that reflect and influence power relations. The paper does indicate how, despite the proclaimed goals, public policies inextricably link persons with disabilities as subjects in their freedom to the state.

Grad Vukovar zbog svoga je položaja bio središtem velikih migracijskih kretanja te je oduvijek glasio multikulturnim, multietničkim i multikonfesionalnim gradom. Suživot velikog broja različitih etničkih grupa bio je dominantnom vrednotom i uključivao je snažne socijalne odnose kao prijateljstva, kumstva, bračne veze. Međutim, Domovinski rat promijenio je međuetničke odnose i identitete njegovih stanovnika. Cilj ovoga rada je preispitati današnje međuetničke odnose i identifikacijske procese u Vukovaru na primjeru hrvatsko srpskih odnosa. Pokazalo se kako izravna i/ili neizravna iskustva rata i danas oblikuju međuetničke odnose te potiču i održavaju društvenu podjelu na osnovi etničke pripadnosti. Naglašena podjela na „mi“ i „oni“ ukazuje na to da etnički identiteti igraju bitnu ulogu u svakodnevnom životu Vukovaraca. U radu prikazane su najuočljivije podjele, a koje se odnose na podjelu kafića i obrazovnih institucija te će biti riječ i o jeziku kao glavnoj odrednici etničkog razlikovanja. Due to its position, the city of Vukovar has been the center of major migration movements and has always been a multicultural, multiethnic and multi-confessional city. The coexistence of a large number of different ethnic groups was the dominant value and included strong social relations such as friendships, godparents, and marital ties. However, the Homeland War changed the interethnic relations and identities of its inhabitants. The aim of this paper is to re-examine today's interethnic relations and identification processes in Vukovar on the example of Croatian-Serbian relations. It has been shown that direct and / or indirect experiences of war still shape interethnic relations and encourage and maintain social division on the basis of ethnicity. The emphasized division into "we" and "they" indicates that ethnic identities play an important role in the everyday life of the people of Vukovar. The paper presents the most noticeable divisions, which relate to the division of cafes and educational institutions, and will also present language as the main determinant of ethnic division.

Značaj i uloga baštine u razvoju turizma Gacke doline bazira se na našem povijesnom, prirodnom, kulturnom i tradicijskom nasljeđu i drugim turističkim ponudama. Potencijal grada Otočca i Gacke doline prezentira se u predstavljanju svojih znamenitosti, prirodne ljepote, sporta, rekreacije, manifestacija, folklora, vode, šume i čistog zraka. Takvu ljepotu i vrijednost, kulturnu i prirodnu, treba valorizirati, zaštititi, očuvati, imati cilj i viziju za budućnost i znanje o baštini, biti jedinstven, originalan i prepoznatljiv. Povijest je odredila identitet grada, Gacke doline, od prapovijesti do danas. Povijest prošlosti ostavila je iza sebe bogatu i trajnu baštinu u arheološkim nalazima, na kamenu, u vrelima, arhivima, knjižnicama, crkvama i drugim sakralnim objektima, utvrdama, kulama, tradicijskom graditeljstvu, spomenicima u materijalnoj pokretnoj i nepokretnoj kulturnoj baštini. U tradicijskoj nematerijalnoj kulturnoj baštini Gacke doline živi narodna predaja, izvorni jezik, narječje i dijalekti – Gacki čakavski govori, umjetnost, glazba, tradicijski obrti, prehrana, duhovni život i običaji. Sva baština nalazi se u prirodi, u zemlji, na zemlji, u dolini i krškim poljima okružena brdima, šumom, rijekom Gackom i njenim vrilima – izvorima, bioraznolikošću, florom i faunom, biljnim i životinjskim svijetom. Značaj i uloga baštine u razvoju turizma je zaštititi i baštiniti kulturu i tradiciju, zaštititi prirodu i okoliš i sve prirodne vrijednosti. U sudjelovanju važne su državne institucije za zaštitu baštine kao i jedinice lokalne i regionalne samouprave. Zajednički cilj razvoja turizma je dobra strategija za prosperitet naroda, grada i Gacke doline, smješteni u najljepšem kutku svijeta. The significance and role of Heritage in the Development of Tourism in the Gacka Valley are based on our historical, natural, cultural and traditional inheritance and other offers of tourism. Town and the Gacka Valley potentially presents numerous attractions such as natural beauty, sports, recreation, manifestations, folklore, waters, forests and clean air. These values, cultural and natural are in need of valorization and protection. The history provided identity for Gacka Valley from prehistory to today. The past history left behind rich heritage of archaeologicalfinds, archives, libraries, churches, sacred buildings, fortifications, art, music, traditional trade, cuisine, religious of life and customs and biological biodiversity, both flora and fauna. The significance and role of heritage in the development of tourism is recognized at every stakeholder level the development of tourism in the Gacka valley requires a well-developed strategy in order to promote the development of the region while preserving cultural and natural resources.

Glavna tema ovoga rada je razumijevanje procesa institucionalizacije festivala Grgurevo i Aurea Fest Požega, pri čemu je Grgurevo također poznato kao Dan grada Požege, a Aurea Fest Požega se označava kao glazbeno-kulturni festival. U radu je obrađena tema organizacije festivala, utjecaja organizacije na prijenos tradicije i turističkog aspekta institucionalizacije. Od sudionika vezanih za Grgurevo, poseban naglasak je stavljen na iskustva vinogradara i njihovom prijenosu tradicije te odnosu prema organizaciji Grgureva od strane grada Požege. Radom se propituje u kojim aspektima institucionalizacija dovodi dijelom i do napuštanja tradicijskih elemenata u festivalima. Uz to, u radu se razmatra djelovanje virusa COVID-19, koji je utjecao vremensko ograničenje proslave Grgureva i Aurea Festa tijekom 2020. godine. Građa prikupljena tijekom terenskoga rada temelji se na polu-strukturiranim intervjuima sa sudionicima i organizatorima, dok su dio građe za potrebe pisanja diplomskog rada ustupile djelatnice Muzeja Požega. The main topic of this paper is understanding the process of institutionalization of the Grgurevo festival and Aurea Fest Požega. Grgurevo is also known as the Day of the City of Požega and Aurea Fest Požega is marked as a music and cultural festival. In this paper I will talk about the organization of the festival, the influence of the organization on the transfer of tradition and the tourist aspect of institutionalization. Among the participants related to Grgurevo, special emphasis was placed on the experiences of winegrowers and their transmission of tradition and the attitude towards the organization of Grgurevo by the city of Požega. The paper examines in which aspects institutionalization leads in part to the abandonment of traditional elements in festivals. In addition, the paper discusses the events of the COVID-19 virus, which influenced the celebration of Grgurev and Aurea Fest to be limited in time during 2020. The material collected during the fieldwork is based on semi-structured interviews with participants and organizers, while part of the material for the purpose of writing a thesis was provided by the staff of the Museum of Požega.

Ovaj rad istražuje postojanje religijskih elemenata u diskursu motivacijskih govornika na primjeru Ane Bučević. Kvalitativna analiza diskursa kojim se Ana služi u svojim YouTube videima iznjedrila je središnju kategoriju koja opisuje proces usklađivanja s nefizičkim, a koji se sastoji od tri glavne potkategorije: kreiranja, osvještavanja i vjere. Tako se kao osnovna nit učenja Ane Bučević otkriva težnja za ujedinjenjem s božanskim. U ostvarivanju se te težnje teorija i praksa, odnosno osvještavanje i kreiranje, usko kombiniraju, a vjera je krucijalni element koji ih veže u koherentnu cjelinu. Teorijska prizma šamanskog svetog jastva Jacoba Pandiana osvjetljava rezultirajući proces kao spajanje simboličkog jastva sa svetim jastvom te naglašava važnost osobne transformacije kroz koju sljedbenik Aninog učenja prolazi. S obzirom na to da Pandian upravo taj proces smatra osnovnim religijskim procesom, držim da je moje istraživanje doista u učenju Ane Bučević detektiralo postojanje religijskih elemenata. The paper is based on a case study of Ana Bučević, a Croatian motivational speaker. A qualitative analysis of the public discourse Ana uses in her YouTube videos has resulted in the emergence of one central category – aligning oneself with the nonphysical. The main category consists of three subcategories: creating, raising one’s consciousness, and faith. The processes of creating and raising one’s consciousness can roughly be seen as the practical and theoretical domain of Ana’s teaching. As such, they are tightly intertwined, held together by faith. Through these, the pursuit of uniting with the divine reveals itself as the very core of Ana’s teaching. Using Jacob Pandian’s theoretical lens of the shamanistic sacred self, this pursuit can be understood as a process of aligning the symbolic self with the sacred self. Since it is this very process that Pandian deems to be the most basic religious process, it can be concluded that Ana’s teaching contains religious elements.

Rad se bavi istraživanjem tradicije i običaja vezanih uz Donjokaštelanski krnjeval. Cilj je ovoga rada utvrditi što karneval čini značajnim za Kaštelu i njezine stanovnike, što se može iščitati kroz prakse prisutne u karnevalskim povorkama, na koji je način politika povezana s karnevalom te koliku važnost karneval ima za lokalnu zajednicu. Teorijski dio rada usredotočen je na podrijetlo i značenje karnevala, preteče karnevala, vrste karnevala te povijest karnevala. Metodologija rada sastoji se od istraživačkih metoda promatranja sa sudjelovanjem i polustukturiranih intervjua. Rad se temelji na karnevalskim događanjima 2020. godine. Analiziraju se razna pokladna događanja kao i njihova uloga prenošenja određenih značenja i poruka. The paper deals with the research of traditions and customs related to Donjokaštelanski krnjeval. The aim of this paper is to determine what makes the carnival important for Kaštela and the inhabitants of that town, what can be read through the practices present in the carnival processions, how politics is related to the carnival and how important the carnival is for the local community. The theoretical part of the paper focuses on the origin and meaning of carnival, the forerunner of carnival, types of carnival and the history of carnival. The methodology of the work consists of research methods of participatory observation and semi structured interviews. The work is based on the carnival events of 2020. Various carnival events are analyzed as well as their role in conveying certain meanings and messages.

Cilj ovoga rada bilo je istraživanje hrane u funkciji označitelja lokalnog podravskog identiteta. Prikazan je povijesni pregled istraživanja hrane u Koprivničkoj Podravini od 19. stoljeća do danas, a zatim i rezultati vlastitog etnološkog terenskog istraživanja. Za potrebe interpretacije korišteni su suvremeni teorijski okviri i pristupi uz pomoć kojih se ukazalo na različite čimbenike koji su djelovali na činjenicu da je hrana postala važan dio podravskog identiteta. The aim of this paper was to explore food as a tracer of local Podravina identity. The historical review of food research in Koprivnica’s Podravina from the 19th century to the present is presented, as well as the results of its own ethnological field research. Modern theoretical frameworks and approaches were used for interpretation, which showed different factors that influenced the fact that food became an important part of the Podravina identity.

Parlamentarni uspjesi i opći rast podrške stranačkoj obitelji populističke radikalne desnice u posljednjih pedesetak godina potaknuli su brojne diskusije o prijetnji revitalizacije fašizma kroz demokratske procese. U hrvatskom društveno-političkom kontekstu, nakon skretanja Hrvatske demokratske zajednice (HDZ) prema desnom centru te nakon raspada desnice na parlamentarnim izborima 2016. godine, svjedočimo povećanju broja političkih stranaka na radikalnoj desnici. U radu se kroz studiju slučaja Generacije obnove, osnovane 2017. godine, utvrđuje prisutnost specifičnih ideoloških obrazaca populističke radikalne desnice u Hrvatskoj. Istraživanje je utemeljeno na analizi diskursa, polustrukturiranim intervjuima s članovima stranke te na promatranju sa sudjelovanjem tijekom višestrukih posjeta Desničarima u pubu – neformalnim druženjima u organizaciji stranke. Promatrajući kako se populistički radikalno desni ideološki obrasci artikuliraju u javnom prostoru, pokušat će se odrediti politički ciljevi i preferirane strategije Generacije obnove te na temelju toga utvrditi opravdanost straha od povratka fašizma kroz okvir stranačke radikalne desnice u suvremenim demokracijama. The parliamentary success and the general growth of support for the party family of the populist radical right in the last fifty years has stimulated numerous discussions about the threat of revitalizing fascism through democratic processes. In the Croatian socio-political context, after the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) turned to the center-right, and after the failure of radical right parties at the 2016 parliamentary elections, we are witnessing an increase in the number of newly formed political parties on the radical right. The case study of the Generation of Renewal, founded in 2017, establishes the presence of specific ideological patterns of the populist radical right in Croatia. The research is based on discourse analysis, semi - structured interviews with party members, and observation with participation during multiple visits to the Rightists in pub - informal gatherings organized by the party. Observing how populist radical right-wing ideological patterns are articulated in public space, this paper will try to determine the political goals and preferred strategies of the Generation of Renewal and on that basis determine the justification of fear of the return of fascism through the radical right parties in modern democracies.

Središnji je cilj ovoga rada reprezentacija etnografije folk metala. Riječ je o "kulturnoj praksi" tradicijskog i modernog svijeta glazbe, a primjer takvog spoja je upravo metal glazba prožeta tradicijskim elementima. U radu se analiziraju pojmovi popularne glazbe, tradicije, kulture, identiteta, običaja, modernog društva i vrijednosti. Važnost ovoga spoja je u promjeni folk metal glazbe, kako kroz povijest (počevši od nastanka heavy metal glazbe), pa sve do tradicije koja je različita za svako geografsko područje. Na samome kraju u analizi diskursa, riječ je o preporodu glazbe s ciljem da se uoči kreativni kapacitet (folk metal) glazbe. The central goal of this paper is representation the ethnography of folk metal. It is a "cultural practice" of the traditional and modern world of music, and an example of such a combination is precisely metal music imbued with traditional elements. The paper analyzes the concepts of popular music, tradition, culture, identity, customs, modern society and values. The importance of this compound in changing folk metal music, both through history (starting from the emergence of heavy metal music), all the way to a tradition that is different for each geographical area. At the very end in the analysis of discourse, it is about the revival of music with the aim of perceiving the creative capacity (folk metal) of music.

Ovaj se rad bavi analizom i objašnjavanjem simboličkog označavanja teritorija navijačkih skupina na primjeru materijalnih površina gradova Splita i Zagreba. Pri istraživanju navijačkih simboličkih oznaka naslanjamo se na francusku znanstvenu tradiciju proučavanja prostora, kolektivne svijesti i identiteta. Prikupljanjem nekoliko stotina simboličkih oznaka navijačkih skupina i njihovom analizom, ovo se istraživanje bavi često zanemarenim estetskim izričajem navijačke subkulture dok pokušava pronaći specifičnosti, sličnosti i razlike u označavanju s obzirom na istraživane navijačke skupine, gradove i gradske četvrti., This paper tries to analyze and explain the symbolic marking of ultras group’s territory on the example of the material surfaces of cities Split and Zagreb. We observe ultras’ visual symbolic markings while leaning on French scientific tradition of studying space, collective consciousness and identity. With a few hundred ultras’ groups’ symbolic markings that were elicited and analyzed, this research is taking on an often neglected, esthetic expression of ultras’ subculture while trying to find specificities, similarities and diversities in marking regarding examined ultras’ groups, cities and city quarters

Rad o Koncertnoj dvorani Vatroslava Lisinskog predstavlja koncepcijski novum u istraživanju kulturnih ustanova u Hrvatskoj budući da se Dvorana ne shvaća isključivo kao glazbena lokacija već kao složena organizacija koju oblikuju prostorna rješenja, društvene prakse, kulturne politike, ljudska iskustva, upravljačke smjernice i specifični nepisani uzusi. Cilj rada bio je istražiti programsko-prostorne aspekte i društvenu ulogu Lisinskog od idejnih začetaka do danas pri čemu su korištene metode analiziranja arhivske i medijske građe te terensko istraživanje na „domaćem terenu“, odnosno radnoj lokaciji istraživačice u kojoj je autoričina autoantropološka pozicija sudionika-insajdera (istraživača) i sudionika-svjedoka (sugovornika) omogućila sveobuhvatnije zahvaćanje istraživačke teme. Uvodna poglavlja pojašnjavaju društvene prilike, odnosno postojeću infrastrukturu koncertnog života Zagreba koja je prethodila budućoj Dvorani, kronološki je popraćena izgradnja Lisinskog, odabir imena i svečano otvorenje, a gusto ispisanim etnografskim opisom prolazi se po njezinim prostorima, pojašnjava njihova funkcionalnost i prakse koje se ondje odvijaju, ali i odnos priredbi prema prostorima Dvorane. Rad daje uvid u uzuse poslovanja, produkcijske uvjete i proces realizacije priredbi. Izvedbe u Lisinskom razložene su ovisno o načinu korištenja prostora, pri čemu se posebna pozornost posvećuje priredbama koje koriste mnogostruke aspekte prostornosti. Društvena uloga Lisinskog propituje više aspekata: poticaj Dvorane umjetničkom stvaralaštvu hrvatskih autora, njezinu ekskluzivnost i istovremenu dostupnost svim društvenim slojevima te Lisinski kao brend. Polivalentnost prostora, odlična akustika i programska koncepcija, Lisinskom nije omogućila samo daljnji razvitak i širenje glazbene kulture, već je Dvorana postala trajna vrijednost za hrvatsku kulturu. Vatroslav Lisinski Concert Hall is one of the most significant national cultural institutions. It has been the centre of musical and cultural life in Zagreb and Croatia for more than 45 years. This PhD study represents conceptual novelty in the research of cultural institutions in Croatia since the Hall is not perceived exclusively as a musical location but as a complex organization formed by spatial solutions, social practices, cultural politicies, human experiences, management guidance and specific unwritten codes of conduct. Main goal of the thesis was to explain programme and spatial aspects, and social role of Lisinski from inception until today using data analysis methods in archival and media research, and fieldwork on a „home field“, i. e. within a working place of the researcher; auto-ethnographic position of participant-observer and participant-informant enabled a more comprehensive examination of the subject. Alongside the existing publications and relevant articles about the Lisinski Hall, this thesis provides historical overview of the concert venues in Zagreb in comparison to the development of musical life in former Yugoslavia and other countries (chapter 3). Building on the existing literature and especially archival sources, the thesis also chronologically traces the process of the building's construction, from the initial concept and the selection of the location, through the “Conceptual Design Competition” for the Croatian Heritage Foundation in 1957, to the choosing of the Hall’s name and the two-day gala opening on December 29 and 30, 1973 (chapter 4). Thick ethnographic description allows the reader to walk through the Hall spaces and to observe their interior decorated with many art works such as sculptures, busts, tapestries, wall inlaids made of wood and aluminium, etc. (chapter 5). It also allows to gain insights into the organizational structure, business practice, distribution and coordination of work, production conditions and realization of different events, and the relationship with the City of Zagreb as the owner of the Hall (chapter 6). Particular attention is paid to the Concert Management Zagreb, the leading concert organizer and promoter in the Lisinski during the 1970s and 1980s and to its business methods, emphasizing in particular a successful cooperation with the former Soviet Union, German Democratic Republic (DDR) and other countries of the former Eastern, as well as Western Europe and other parts of the world. As for performances taking place in the Hall, it has been used as a space for concerts, multifunctional space, scenery space, and space for screening of (animated) motion pictures and musical-theatrical works, along with the events that combine its different capacities, in particular the Saturday at Lisinski and the Kindergarten on Sunday series. An extensive chapter delineates in detail the various series and individual events belonging to these different categories of performances (chapter 7). The following chapter deals with the social role of the Hall (chapter 8). One aspect pertains to its technical and acoustic capacities which stimulated the creation of new musical and theatrical works; a large number of works had premiere there, and management of the Hall founded award for the best classical music composition of Croatian authors. Following a longlasting discussion about the Hall’s exclusivity versus its promotion of cultural diversity, this research has revealed a constant care for the redistribution of cultural goods to all social classes, the attention given to social and educational components of the programmes, and the endeavour towards democratization of culture, disclosing thus the perception of the Lisinski as a place for high-class people as incorrect. Further on, the Hall has initiated numerous programmes related to humanitarian aid, especially as a response to tragedies and war consequences. It has also continuously stimulated young musicians, providing them concert space and creating special programmes for the youngest audience. In that, it has collaborated with numerous art groups. At the same time, Lisinski is a representative place of power, connected to and dependent on the state and local governments. It is a ceremonial place which has hosted countless events associated with state holidays, politically important dates, commemorative performances and memorial concerts. On the other hand, the following subchapter deals with the Hall as a sort of market-driven place of power, revealing the most popular artists and best sold concerts held in the Hall, and referring to the ongoing public discussions on this issue. Eventually, Lisinski is recognized as a brand; it has become an expression of social power and an agency in forming social relations. In conclusion (chapter 9), the thesis recapitulates how the spatial versatility and excellent acoustics of the Hall have enabled growth and popularization of classical music in the country, high-quality performances, programme diversity, higher production and organizational standards, wider audience of classical music and cultural programmes in general. The Hall is of ultimate importance for the musical and cultural life in Zagreb, as well as for Croatia as a whole. As a result of quality programmes and eminent artists, it has outgrown the city and the state, and has itself become a powerful asset of Croatian culture.

Diplomski se rad bavi klapskim pjevanjem na otoku Lošinju, odnosno u radu se problematizira uloga klapa u razvoju kulturnog turizma grada Malog Lošinja. U gradu djeluju dvije klape, njihov se repertoar temelji na dalmatinskim klapskim pjesmama, ali se pjevaju i autohtone pjesme s podneblja sjevernog Hrvatskog primorja. Cilj je rada prikazati nastanak i djelovanje klapa na Lošinju, prikazati njihovu ulogu u razvoju turizma, znaĉenjima koje sudjelovanje u klapi ima za ĉlanove, te što za klape i lokalnu zajednicu znaĉi organizacija koncerta „Klape na pjacalu“. Teorijski okvir rada ĉine radovi iz podruĉja antropologije festivala i turizma. Osim prouĉavanja relevantne literature, za potrebe istraţivanja i prikupljanja etnografske graĊe, koristila se metoda promatranja i tehnika polustrukturiranog intervjua. The topic of this thesis is the klapa singing on the island of Lošinj and its role in the cultural tourism development of Mali Lošinj. There are two local klapa singing groups in town, which songs repertoire focuses on traditional songs from region of Dalmatia, but also from the region of northern Croatian coast. The main goal of the thesis is to present the origin and activity of the klapas on island Lošinj, their role in the tourism development, what does it means for the members to be a part of klapa, and what the organization of the concert “Klape na pjacalu” means for klapas and for the local community. Theoretical framework of the thesis includes works in the field of anthropology of festivals and tourism. For the purpose of research and collection of ethnographic materials, the observation method and the semi structured interview technique were used.

Rad je koncipiran u dva dijela. U prvom dijelu rada u središtu je koncept etnografskog crteža kao istraživačke metode, a problematiziranje samog koncepta etnografskog crteža pritom otvara i promišljanja o novim načinima i pristupima etnografiji i svakodnevici, refleksivnosti i osjetilnom aspektu etnografije. Drugi dio rada koncipiran je u formi interaktivne mape u digitalnom obliku te se nastavlja na prvi dio rada formirajući istovremeno njegov svojevrsni zaključak, ali i etnografiju u malom, a tematski se bavi konstruiranjem osjećaja pripadanja. The paper consists of two parts. The first part of the paper focuses on the concept of ethnographic drawing as a research method, which opens up reflections on the new ways and approaches to ethnography and everyday life, reflexivity and sensory aspect of ethnography. The second part of the paper is formed in the form of an interactive digital map. The map itself forms a conclusion of the first part, but can also be perceived as an ethnography on its own, that thematically focuses on the construction of a sense of belonging

Ovaj se rad bavi antropološkom analizom medikaliziranog načina vođenja poroda. Njegov teorijski okvir čine tri modela medicinske skrbi, tehnokratski, humanistički i holistički, koji u skladu s različitim pogledima na ljudsko tijelo nude i različite metode liječenja, odnosno vođenja poroda. Osim toga, teorija rituala daje objašnjenje pretjeranom korištenju standardnih opstetričkih procedura u tehnokratskom modelu, dok informacije o prirodnoj fiziologiji poroda upućuju na razloge za korištenje njemu alternativnih modela. Pokazuje se da, umjesto da služe potpomaganju prirodne fiziologije poroda, standardne opstetričke procedure predstavljaju ritualno korištenje tehnologije nad prirodnim procesom, čija je svrha potvrđivanje vrijednosnog sustava društva u kojem se nalazimo, okosnica kojeg je upravo čovjekova mogućnost manipulacije prirodom. Istraživački dio rada, koji uključuje razgovore s četirima kazivačicama, pokazao je zatvorenost hrvatskog porodništva za prodiranje novih paradigmi, dok se glavnim akterom kritiziranja njegove rigidnosti pokazala nevladina udruga Roditelji u akciji (RODA). This paper offers an anthropological analysis of medicalized managment of labor and birth. Its theoretical frame is based upon three models of medical care - technocratic, humanistic and holistic - which differ in their view of human body, and thus in the medical care they provide. Furthermore, the theory of ritual provides an explanation to the overuse of standard obstetrical procedures within the technocratic model, whilst the knowledge of birth's natural physiology points to the reasons for implementing one of its alternative models. As it shows, instead of supporting natural physiology of birth, standard obstetrical procedures are being used to ritually perform the technological interventions to alter the natural process, with purpose of confirming the fundamental values of our society, organized around man's manipulation with nature. The research conducted for this paper, which includes the conversation with four women, has shown the croatian obstetric system to be inherently closed for the possibility of penetration of new paradigms, while the main actor in criticizing its rigidity seems to be the non-governmental organization Parents in action.

Cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio je identificirati i dati pregled koncepta igrifikacije i svih njenih komponenata. U radu je iznesen povijesni pregled koncepta, suvremene definicije i razne podjele elemenata igrifikacije na temelju mnoštva relevantne literature. Također je definiran koncept informalnog obrazovanja i mjesta gdje se on primjenjuje. Završno poglavlje sadrži studiju slučaja igrifikacije kaštela Morosini-Grimani u Svetvinčentu u kojoj su navedene informacije o samoj lokaciji i entografskoj baštini. Poglavlje se završava analizom dane etnografske baštine i načina na koji je ona igrificirana te iznošenjem uvida u njene dobre i loše primijenjene elemente. The goal of this master's thesis was to identify and provide overview of the concept of gamification and all of its components. The thesis provides a historical overview of the concept, the state-of-the-art definition and various classifications of the gamification elements based on the variety of relevant literature. It also defines the concept of informal education and its application environments. The final chapter contains a case study conducted at Morosini-Grimani Castle in Svetvinčenat with the information about the site and ethnographic heritage. The chapter ends with the analysis of the given ethnographical heritage and the means of its gamificaiton, as well as providing insight in its properly and badly applied elements.

Strah od negativne društvene evaluacije dio je ljudske svakodnevice, a posebno je izražen unutar didaktičke sredine prilikom učenja i usvajanja novih sadržaja, no nerijetko se pojavljuje uz strah od komunikacije (García Gallindo, 2010). Cilj ovoga rada bio je ispitati učenike španjolskoga kao trećeg stranog jezika kojega uče u okviru srednjoškolskog obrazovanja koji su njihovi uzroci straha od komunikacije na stranom jeziku prilikom upotrebe jezičnih vještina, pojavljuje li se on kao zaseban fenomen ili pak slijedi strahu od negativne društvene evaluacije, te kako se takvi osjećaji manifestiraju u procesu učenja i usvajanja stranog jezika unutar didaktičke sredine. Rad iz folklorističke i kulturnoantropološke perspektive nudi ne samo interpretaciju istraživanog fenomena, nego i sugerira moguća rješenja koja se mogu koristiti u obrazovnom procesu. U provedenom kvalitativnom istraživanju etnografskog tipa sudjelovali su učenici dvaju razreda hrvatske srednje škole, odnosno učenici početne i učenici napredne razine učenja španjolskog jezika kojima je španjolski jezik treći strani jezik, a koji su u obliku polustrukturiranih intervjua odgovarali na ključna pitanja za ovo istraživanje. Na temelju rezultata provedenog istraživanja ponudit će se zaključci slijedom kojih će se oblikovati prikladne i primjenjive tehnike smanjenja straha od negativne društvene evaluacije za učenike i nastavnike. La ansiedad ante la evaluación social negativa forma parte de la vida cotidiana del ser humano, si bien es especialmente detectada en el ámbito didáctico a la hora de aprender y adoptar nuevos contenidos, e incluso al mismo tiempo suele interferir con el miedo a la comunicación (García Gallindo, 2010). El objetivo de este trabajo fue preguntar a los estudiantes de español como tercera lengua extranjera al obtener su educación secundaria qué les causa ansiedad ante la comunicación en lengua extranjera al usar las destrezas lingüísticas, si este aparece como un fenómeno individual o coincide con la ansiedad ante la evaluación social negativa y cómo se manifiestan los sentimientos peculiares relacionados con estos dos tipos de ansiedad en el proceso de aprendizaje y adquisición de una lengua extranjera dentro del entorno didáctico. El trabajo desde una perspectiva folclórica y antropológica cultural ofrece no solo una interpretación del fenómeno investigado, sino que también sugiere posibles soluciones que pueden ser utilizadas en el proceso educativo. En la investigación etnográfica cualitativa realizada, participaron estudiantes de dos grados de una escuela secundaria en Croacia, es decir los estudiantes de nivel inicial y los de nivel intermedio a los que el español es una tercera lengua extranjera que aprenden. Ellos respondieron a las preguntas clave para esta investigación en forma de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados de la investigación realizada, se ofrecerán conclusiones a partir de las cuales se desarrollarán técnicas apropiadas y aplicables para reducir la ansiedad ante la evaluación social negativa en estudiantes y profesores.

Tradicijska glazba Istre, kanat, tarankanje, bugarenje i diskantno dvoglasje, uz zajednički nazivnik - stil tijesnih intervala - dio su žive glazbene prakse, a mnogi stanovnici smatraju je vrijednim kulturnim izričajem i važnim dijelom identiteta. Izvedbe tijekom privatnih druženja i neformalnih okupljanja, svadbi, smotri i festivala te drugih javnih nastupa pokazatelj su kulturne različitosti. Na temelju dosadašnjih istraživanja i poznavanja stanja na terenu suvremenim antropološko-muzikološkim pristupima i metodama, obrazložena je glazbena praksa Istre kao specifičan način glazbene komunikacije na razini predložaka, načina izvođenja, izvođačkih skupina, načina učenja, konteksta glazbovanja te recepcije - vrednovanja. Isto tako, u radu je protumačena otpornost glazbenog sustava, uzimajući u obzir širi kulturni, društveni i povijesni kontekst u kojem se promjene mogu pouzdanije pratiti od druge polovice 20. st. otkad je gradivo dobro dokumentirano. Rad odgovara na pitanja: Što motivira ljude na izvedbu starih napjeva i što im znači dvoglasje tijesnih intervala? Kako drugi načini glazbovanja utječu na ovaj sustav? Postoji li bimuzikalnost, koji izvedbeni stilovi dijele, a koji povezuju? Zašto su se neki glazbeni fenomeni zadržali dok su drugi nestali ili se sveli na naznake negdašnjih praksi. Također, ukazuje na relevantnost nematerijalne kulture kao „žive tradicije“. Isto tako, pokazuje kako se oblik i smisao glazbenog fenomena prilagođavao te uspio prilagoditi novim društvenim realnostima, te na taj način doprinosi spoznavanju funkcije rekontektstualiziranih običajnih praksi u svakodnevnoj kulturi današnjice. Glazbovanje istarskog prostora specifičan je svijet stilova različitih od prevladavajuće prakse, usto je simbol regionalnog identiteta. Tradicijska glazba Istre proučena je u svim svojim oblicima, prilagodbama funkcija, poimanju estetike, vrednovanju nositelja, položaju i statusu glazbenika, te koliko su emska poimanja izražena, svjesna i sustavna, a koliko u području unutarnjeg osjećanja i djelomičnih slutnji. Traditional Istrian music, kanat, tarankanje, bugarenje and two-voice descant – all having in common narrow intervals, is a part of living music practice and many citizens consider it a valuable cultural expression and an important part of the identity. Performances during various private occasions and informal gatherings, weddings, ceremonies and different festivals are clear examples of cultural differences. The explanation of music practice in Istria as a specific way of musical communication that include ways of performance and studying, performing groups, context of music-making and reception – evaluation, it was explained based on past researches and understanding of this field as well as on the contemporary anthropological and musical methods. The resistance of this music system is explained considering broader cultural, social and historical context where changes could be observed since the mid-20th century because the material is well documented from that time. This work is focused on giving answers the following questions: What motivates people to perform old melodies and what they mean by the two-voice narrow intervals singing? How do other ways of music affect this system? Is there bi-musicality, which of the performance styles divides and which of them connects? Why are some musical phenomena retained while others disappeared or were reduced just to indicating the former practice? The research points to the relevance of intangible culture as a “living tradition”. It also shows how the form and meaning of the musical phenomenon has adapted and succeeded in adapting to new social realities, thus contributing to the realization of the function of recontextualized customary practices in the everyday culture of today. Music of the Istrian area is a specific world of styles different from the prevailing practice, also a symbol of regional identity. The traditional music of Istria has been studied in all its forms, adjustments of functions, understanding of aesthetics, evaluation of the bearer, position and status of musicians, and how emic understandings are expressed, conscious and systematic, and how much in the area of internal feeling and partial hunches.

The Mrtvalj spring is an integral part of a more complex sacred landscape, the center of which is the Shrine of St. John the Baptist located in Podmilačje near Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The shrine is a multi-confessional pilgrimage destination that is also very popular within the wider region. The Mrtvalj spring is one of the key stops in pilgrimage itineraries, but it is not only a sacred place within pilgrimage practices. In this paper the conceptualization of the Mrtvalj spring’s sacredness is examined as a reflection of the relationship between the religious and the political. The author analyzes the relationship between the shrine’s politics, which are based on the ideas of a “Bosnian Lourdes” and a shared shrine, and the spring as a focal point for the shared non-institutional practices of believers of various religious affiliations. She aims to show that a shared sacred site does not necessarily have to be controversial, and calls for a revalorization of non-institutional religiosity, which has proved to be a rich phenomenon for the study of interreligious relations., Izvor Mrtvalj je konstitutivni dio kompleksnijeg svetog krajolika u čijem je središtu svetište sv. Ivana Krstitelja u Podmilačju kraj Jajca (Bosna i Hercegovina), multikonfesionalna i u široj regiji izrazito popularna hodočasnička destinacija. Izvor Mrtvalj je jedna od ključnih točaka u hodočasničkim itinererima, no on također egzistira kao sveto mjesto izvan hodočasničkih praksi. Rad propituje konceptualizacije svetosti izvora Mrtvalj kao refleksiju odnosa između religijskog i političkog. Promatra se odnos politika svetišta, naslonjenih na ideje o “bosanskom Lourdesu” i dijeljenom svetištu, i izvora kao žarišta dijeljenih izvaninstitucionalnih praksi vjernika različitih religijskih pripadnosti. Osim što rad pokazuje kako dijeljeno sveto mjesto ne mora nužno biti kontroverzno, on poziva na revalorizaciju pojma izvaninstitucionalna pobožnost koja se pokazuje kao izrazito podatan fenomen za istraživanje interreligijskih odnosa.