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Near‐infrared (NIR) phosphors have gained a substantial amount of attention in the past few years simply due to their numerous applications. Recent publications have reported interesting findings regarding the fundamentals of phosphors. However, the unclear application of these phosphors limits their potential. This mini review aims to provide insights for researchers regarding the potential applications of NIR phosphors and their perspectives for further development of NIR phosphor technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors demonstrate a potential application of quantum dots for the detection of photons, showing that the Coulomb interaction resulting from the capture of photoexcited carriers by quantum dots produces a detectable change in the source-drain resistance of the transistor. This quantum effect is more pronounced with higher illumination, displaying staircase quantum steps with ΔV=4 mV on the I-V characteristics at room temperature, implying that the photocurrent is increased as the light intensity is increased. The responsitivity of device is R∼3.98×106 A/W for Vd=0.18 V, and external quantum efficiency is more than 8.6%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel blue phosphor based on phosphate host matrix, KSrPO4 doped with Eu2+, was prepared by solid state reaction. The phosphor invariably emits blue luminescence with a peak wavelength at 424 nm under ultraviolet excitation at 360 nm. Eu2+-doped KSrPO4 phosphors show higher thermally stable luminescence which was found to be better than commercially available Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ phosphor at temperature higher than 225 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this letter, we shall describe a method, utilizing the proximity effect in electron beam lithography, suitable for fabricating silicon dots and devices, and demonstrate the electronic characteristics of the Si single-electron transistor. The drain current (Id) of the device oscillates against gate voltage. The electrical characteristics of the single-electron transistor were observed to be consistent with the expected behavior of electron transport through gated quantum dots, at up to 150 K. The dependence of the electrical characteristics on the dot size reveals that the Id oscillation follows from the Coulomb blockade by poly-Si grains in the poly-Si dot. The method of fabrication of this device is completely compatible with complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor technology, raising the possibility of manufacturing large-scale integrated nanoelectronic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review article discusses the recent advances in rechargeable metal–CO2 batteries (MCBs), which include the Li, Na, K, Mg, and Al-based rechargeable CO2 batteries, mainly with nonaqueous electrolytes. MCBs capture CO2 during discharge by the CO2 reduction reaction and release it during charging by the CO2 evolution reaction. MCBs are recognized as one of the most sophisticated artificial modes for CO2 fixation by electrical energy generation. However, extensive research and substantial developments are required before MCBs appear as reliable, sustainable, and safe energy storage systems. The rechargeable MCBs suffer from the hindrances like huge charging–discharging overpotential and poor cyclability due to the incomplete decomposition and piling of the insulating and chemically stable compounds, mainly carbonates. Efficient cathode catalysts and a suitable architectural design of the cathode catalysts are essential to address this issue. Besides, electrolytes also play a vital role in safety, ionic transportation, stable solid-electrolyte interphase formation, gas dissolution, leakage, corrosion, operational voltage window, etc. The highly electrochemically active metals like Li, Na, and K anodes severely suffer from parasitic reactions and dendrite formation. Recent research works on the aforementioned secondary MCBs have been categorically reviewed here, portraying the latest findings on the key aspects governing secondary MCB performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Paraventricular hypothalamic CaMKIIα-positive neurons input to ventral of lateral septal CaMKIIα-positive neurons controls chronic visceral pain. Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic visceral pain with complex etiology and difficult treatment. Accumulated evidence has confirmed that the sensitization of the central nervous system plays an important role in the development of visceral pain, whereas the exact mechanisms of action of the neural pathways remain largely unknown. In this study, a distinct neural circuit was identified from the paraventricular hypothalamic (PVH) to the ventral of lateral septal (LSV) region. This circuit was responsible for regulating visceral pain. In particular, the data indicated that the PVH CaMKIIα-positive neurons inputs to the LSV CaMKIIα-positive neurons were only activated by colorectal distention rather than somatic stimulations. The PVH-LSV CaMKIIα+ projection pathway was further confirmed by experiments containing a viral tracer. Optogenetic inhibition of PVH CaMKIIα+ inputs to LSV CaMKIIα-positive neurons suppressed visceral pain, whereas selective activation of the PVH-LSV CaMKIIα+ projection evoked visceral pain. These findings suggest the critical role of the PVH-LSV CaMKIIα+ circuit in regulating visceral pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of air cathodes for Li–O2 batteries is extensively studied, but focus on recycling Li–O2 batteries is still limited. Usually, the final death of Li–O2 batteries is caused by the accumulation of discharge products (Li2O2) on air cathodes which cannot be decomposed. Herein, we report an H2O-wash method that could regenerate air cathodes and pretreat them for air-cathode characterization. We successfully regenerated two kinds of air cathodes for at least five rounds without capacity fading. The structural and chemical/electrochemical changes of air cathodes could be easily observed owing to the removal of discharge products. Volume expansion and functionalized carbon were observed after regeneration. Finally, the used air cathodes could be utilized for CO2 capture, thereby reducing the impact of CO2 emission. This study aims to show that Li–O2 batteries can not only serve as a device of high energy density but also as a solution to a greener future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring is crucial in managing AML to predict the risk of relapse. A better understanding of which MRD technique and molecular target will have an effective clinical impact on AML is still required. Locked nucleic acid quantitative Real-Time PCR assay (LNA-qPCR) is sensitive and specific for quantifying oncogenetic single-nucleotide variation. We assessed the role of LNA-qPCR in the monitoring of IDH1/2 mutations MRD in eighty-eight AML patients from multiple centers. We found that IDH1/2 LNA-qPCR MRD correlates well with NPM1 qPCR MRD, predicts relapse-free survival and cumulative incidence of relapse, and is a potential MRD technique for IDH1/2-mutated AML patients with reduced IDH1/2 mutant levels after complete remission. Locked nucleic acid quantitative Real-Time PCR (LNA-qPCR) for IDH1/2 mutations in AML measurable residual disease (MRD) detection is rarely reported. LNA-qPCR was applied to quantify IDH1/2 mutants MRD kinetics in bone marrow from 88 IDH1/2-mutated AML patients, and correlated with NPM1-MRD, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. The median normalized copy number (NCN) of IDH1/2 mutants decreased significantly from 53,228 (range 87–980,686)/ALB × 106 at diagnosis to 773 (range 1.5–103,600)/ALB × 106 at first complete remission (CR). IDH1/2 LNA-qPCR MRD was concordant with remission status or NPM1-MRD in 79.5% (70/88) of patients. Younger patients and patients with FLT3 mutations had higher concordance. The Spearman correlation coefficient (rs) and concordance rate between the log reduction of IDH1/2 LNA-qPCR and NPM1-MRD were 0.68 and 81% (K = 0.63, 95% CI 0.50–0.74), respectively. IDH1/2-MRD > 2 log reduction at first CR predicted significantly better relapse-free survival (3-year RFS rates 52.9% vs. 31.9%, p = 0.007) and cumulative incidence of relapse (3-year CIR rates 44.5% vs. 64.5%, p = 0.012) compared to IDH1/2-MRD ≤ 2 log reduction. IDH1/2-MRD > 2 log reduction during consolidation is also associated with a significantly lower CIR rate than IDH1/2-MRD ≤ 2 log reduction (3-year CIR rates 42.3% vs. 68.8%, p = 0.019). LNA-qPCR for IDH1/2 mutation is a potential MRD technique to predict relapse in IDH1/2-mutated AML patients, especially for those with IDH1/2 MRD > 2 log reduction at first CR or a concurrent FLT3 mutation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of high‐energy‐density batteries is the future goal of research on Li‐ion batteries. Halide‐type solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) exceed their counterparts in terms of their stability at high potential. In this minireview, we discuss the developments in the work on halide‐type SSEs for all‐solid‐state Li batteries. In particular, we focus on the Li3InCl6 structure. The effect of synthesis routes on this structure, as well as the convertible products resulting from its phase changes, is discussed. Conductivity can be increased and the electrochemical window can be improved through doping with different materials. Our review aims to provide readers with an overview of the stability and degradation of Li3InCl6 SSE and the structure of halide‐type SSEs (Li–M–X, where M is a metal and X is a halogen). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper investigates the effects of a smart body tie on the bottom-gate polycrystalline silicon thin film transistor (TFT). The smart body tie TFT has been fabricated and exhibits the superior electrical characteristics, though it involves only a minor modification to the conventional bottom-gate TFT. The results show that the OFF-state leakage of the proposed TFT is reduced by about 70% as compared to a conventional TFT. The drain induced barrier lowing (DIBL) and the subthreshold factor are also improved. The output characteristics are also improved, as the proposed structure does not exhibit a significant kink effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This study investigates structural modifications of the conventional TFT, which is suffers from the short-channel effect in advanced applications. An ideal body-block poly-Si thin-film transistor is successfully fabricated for the first time at a level that achieves high performance characteristics. The output characteristics of the body-block TFT, for instance, the low output conductance in the saturation area and high breakdown voltage, achieve an outstanding improvements compared to a conventional TFT. The poly-Si thin-film treatments of the body-block TFT with NH3 diffusion or body implantation, and their corresponding performance effects, have also been investigated and discussed in depth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Limiting the carbon emission to the atmosphere requires the efficient utilization of carbonaceous gases and their capture via well‐designed platforms. Metal–CO2 batteries are currently being demonstrated as the route to utilize CO2 and produce energy simultaneously. In particular, Na–CO2 batteries are considered an alternative to Li‐batteries because of their abundance and low cost. In the current review, the developments in the field of Na–CO2 batteries are discussed. Carbon dioxide reactions to the decomposition of discharge products have been discussed elaborately. The main discharge products of Na–CO2 batteries are Na2CO3 and C. In the current review, various strategies are discussed to decompose the discharge products and hence improve cycle stability. The fraction of CO2 has a substantial influence on cell cycles. A plausible route of battery reaction can be drawn with the help of an ex situ analysis of the electrodes. The final part of the review focuses on the use of solid‐state Na‐ion conductors in Na–CO2 batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arrays of ZnO nanorods (NRs) were successfully converted into nanotubes (NTs), used as photoelectrodes in photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells after their sensitization with CdSe quantum dots (QDs) and a strong correlation between the PEC performance and geometrical structure of ZnO NTs@CdSe(QDs) and ZnO NRs@CdSe(QDs) was established under the same conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The arcuate nucleus is a vital brain region for coursing of pain command. G protein-coupled kinase 6 (GRK6) accommodates signaling through G protein-coupled receptors. Studies have demonstrated that GRK6 is involved in inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain. The present study was designed to explore the role and the underlying mechanism of GRK6 in arcuate nucleus of chronic visceral pain. Methods: Chronic visceral pain of rats was induced by neonatal maternal deprivation and evaluated by monitoring the threshold of colorectal distension. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques, and Nissl staining were employed to determine the expression and mutual effect of GRK6 with nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Results: Expression of GRK6 in arcuate nucleus was significantly reduced in neonatal maternal deprivation rats when compared with control rats. GRK6 was mainly expressed in arcuate nucleus neurons, but not in astrocytes, and a little in microglial cells. Neonatal maternal deprivation reduced the percentage of GRK6-positive neurons of arcuate nucleus. Overexpression of GRK6 by Lentiviral injection into arcuate nucleus reversed chronic visceral pain in neonatal maternal deprivation rats. Furthermore, the expression of NF-κB in arcuate nucleus was markedly upregulated in neonatal maternal deprivation rats. NF-κB selective inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate suppressed chronic visceral pain in neonatal maternal deprivation rats. GRK6 and NF-κB were expressed in the arcuate nucleus neurons. Importantly, overexpression of GRK6 reversed NF-κB expression at the protein level. In contrast, injection of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate once daily for seven consecutive days did not alter GRK6 expression in arcuate nucleus of neonatal maternal deprivation rats. Conclusions: Present data suggest that GRK6 might be a pivotal molecule participated in the central mechanisms of chronic visceral pain, which might be mediated by inhibiting NF-κB signal pathway. Overexpression of GRK6 possibly represents a potential strategy for therapy of chronic visceral pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Photocatalyst Water splitting as clear energy for hydrogen evolution reaction. • Silicon earth-abound material as substrate photoabsorber absorbs wide range solar light. • Carbon material low cost, high chemical stability for water splitting. • Graphene synthesis by different methods, next though to transferred to silicon by polymer substrate as a catalyst layer. In the present report, graphene-based catalysts on silicon substrate have been examined as the photocathode for solar hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Mono-layered graphene has been synthesized through low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), whereas multi-layered graphene has been synthesized by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD). Copper foil is used as the substrate. The graphene layer on Cu foil subsequently transferred on to silicon photoabsorber using poly(methyl-2-methylpropenoate) (PMMA). At the initial linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) scan, LPCVD-synthesized graphene-Si (LPCVD-Si) electrode showed an onset potential of −0.65 V and photocurrent of −4.31 mA cm−2 (at −0.385 V). On the contrary, the onset potential and photocurrent of APCVD-prepared graphene-Si (APCVD-Si) photocathode are −0.36 V and −28.28 mA cm−2 (at −0.385 V), respectively. After the 130th LSV scan, the onset potential and photocurrent of LPCVD-Si improved to −0.39 V and −13.28 mA cm−2 (at −0.385 V), respectively. In addition, the onset potential and photocurrent of APCVD-Si photocathode at the LSV 130th scan are enhanced to −0.36 V and −28.28 mA cm−2 (at −0.385 V), respectively. The graphene sample grown via LPCVD-Si show stable performance whereas, the graphene obtained via APCVD-Si have higher photocurrent poor stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In this review paper, we highlight the utilization of nanostructured quantum dots (QDs) in light-emitting diodes, biomedical, and energy-related applications. We discuss different preparation methods, cation-doping effects, and the optical applications of perovskite QDs. Cadmium selenide QDs are semiconductor materials with narrow bandgaps; therefore, their optical properties and electronic structures can be tuned. They can absorb photons (light energy) and convert multiple electron-hole pairs efficiently via multiple exciton generations. These effective light absorption properties are suitable for solar-driven water electrolysis processes and efficient photo-electrochemical lithium-air batteries. We focus on the utilization of upconverting nanoparticles in the field of biomedical applications. Suitable bandgap position, efficient charge separation, transportation, and photo-stability are the advantages of QD nanostructured materials. Hence, they are efficient and challenging candidates for the future. Graphical abstract In this review, we summarize the utilization of nanostructured quantum dots (QDs) in light-emitting diodes, biomedical, and energy-related applications. We discuss different preparation methods, cation-doping effects, and the optical applications of perovskite QDs which have excellent optical performance in the application of the light-emitting device. Besides, Cadmium selenide QDs can absorb photons (light energy) and convert multiple electron-hole pairs efficiently via multiple exciton generations. These effective light absorption properties are suitable for solar-driven water electrolysis processes and efficient photo-electrochemical lithium-air batteries. Moreover, upconverting nanoparticles have the unique performance in the field of biomedical applications. fx1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Li-ion batteries play a significant role in portable electronic devices in the running world. However, the limited energy density still needs to be improved for the growing future. Hence, we developed a photocathode nanocomposite material composed of Cadmium Selenide/Zinc Sulfide Quantum Dots with Carbon nanotube (CdSe/ZnS QD@CNT) for an efficient and tunable performance of the photoelectrochemical Li–O 2 battery system to overcome the key issue of overpotential. The QD and CNT networks can provide efficient transportation paths of the electron–hole pairs and the O 2 gas and lithium ions, respectively. The charging voltage of the photoelectrode is 2.65–4.0 V; therefore, decreased overpotential was due to efficient oxidation of Li 2 O 2 by photoexcited electron–hole pairs by using QDs, resulting in a long-term operational stability over 100 cycles. On the basis of the advantages, the QDs exhibit efficient potential in Li–O 2 batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Na–CO 2 battery is one of the most promising energy storage devices for the exploration of Mar. To fix the evaporation problem of liquid electrolytes in an open system, solid-state electrolyte Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 (NZSP) is used to fabricate a solid-state Na–CO 2 battery. In the battery, the interface between the Na-metal anode and NZSP plays a vital role in improving electrochemical performance. The interfacial parasitic reaction between NZSP and Na-metal results in a Na-rich kinetically stable interphase. (200) and (−111) planes are the preferentially etched crystal planes of NZSP, as SiO 4 and PO 4 tetrahedrons on the planes are easily broken by extra Na-ion injection. Aside from the interfacial reaction, the poor contact between Na-metal and NZSP is a more serious problem, which leads to large interfacial resistance and poor cycling stability. To fix this problem, carbon black is mixed with melted Na-metal to prepare a composite anode (Na@C). The Na@C composite anode easily wets NZSP, thus decreasing the interfacial resistance from 918 to 98 Ω cm2. Symmetrical cells stably cycled 1100 h at 0.1 mA cm−2, when using Na@C as the electrode. Furthermore, Na–CO 2 battery with Na@C composite anode also shows a prolonged cycling life. [Display omitted] ● (200) and (−111) planes are found as preferentially etched crystal planes of NZSP. ● Kinetically stable interphase between Na and NZSP has been found. ● Poor interfacial contact between Na and NZSP results in poor cycling stability. ● Na@C composite anode makes intimate contact with NZSP. ● The solid-state Na–CO 2 battery shows better performance by using Na@C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A graphene/silicon (Si) multilayer sandwich structures are fabricated using electron beam (EB) deposition without air exposure. The graphene and Si thin films are formed on Cu current correctors through a continuous process in high-vacuum EB chamber. Synthesized graphene should be suggested to the stacked multiple layer from Raman analysis. The fabricated multilayer films are used as anodes. In the beginning, the half-cell, which used a seven-layer of each thickness 50-nm graphene and Si film, exhibits good specific capacity retention over 1000 mA h g −1 after 30 charge/discharge cycles. The capacity value changed with the number of graphene and Si layers. In this study, the number of layers that exhibited optimal properties is seven. Morphological investigation showed a fine layer-by-layer structure. The relationship between different thicknesses of graphene and Si is investigated at 7 L. A 100-nm thickness exhibited optimal properties. Finally, the optimal 7 L and 100-nm thick graphene/Si exhibited high discharge capacitance >1600 mA h g −1 at a current density of 100 mA g −1 after 30 cycles. Initial coulombic and reversible efficiencies exceed 84%. The capacity retention (30th/1st discharge value) at 100 nm and 7 L exceeds 90%. Finally, the soft package battery is assembled by combining the fabricated graphene and Si electrode as anode, LiCoO 2 as cathode, separator and liquid electrolyte. It can be used for commercial light-emitting diode (LED) lighting even under bending status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of a solar water splitting device requires design of a low-cost, efficient, and non-noble metal compound as alternative to noble metals. For the first time, we showed that CoSe2 can function as co-catalyst in phototoelectrochemical hydrogen production. We designed a heterostructure of p-Si and marcasite-type CoSe2 for solar-driven hydrogen production. CoSe2 successively coupled with p-Si can act as a superior photocathode in the solar-driven water splitting reaction. Photocurrents up to 9 mA cm−2 were achieved at 0 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the high photocurrents can be attributed to low charge transfer resistance between the Si and CoSe2 interfaces and that between the CoSe2 and electrolyte interfaces. Our results suggest that this CoSe2 is a promising alternative co-catalyst for hydrogen evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of a solar water splitting device requires design of a low-cost, efficient, and non-noble metal compound as alternative to noble metals. For the first time, we showed that CoSe2 can function as co-catalyst in phototoelectrochemical hydrogen production. We designed a heterostructure of p-Si and marcasite-type CoSe2 for solar-driven hydrogen production. CoSe2 successively coupled with p-Si can act as a superior photocathode in the solar-driven water splitting reaction. Photocurrents up to 9 mA cm−2 were achieved at 0 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the high photocurrents can be attributed to low charge transfer resistance between the Si and CoSe2 interfaces and that between the CoSe2 and electrolyte interfaces. Our results suggest that this CoSe2 is a promising alternative co-catalyst for hydrogen evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blue, green, and yellow phosphors are obtained in the Sr1−xY0.98+xCe0.02Si4N7−xCx system (x=0→1). Decreases in thermal quenching barrier height with x result from a dominant neighboring‐cation effect, through which the replacement of Sr2+ by Y3+ reduces the covalency of CeN bonding. Green emission is observed from a cation‐segregated nanostructure of SrYSi4N7 and Y2Si4N6C domains in x=0.2–0.6 samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blaue, grüne und gelbe Leuchtmaterialien werden vom Sr1−xY0.98+xCe0.02Si4N7−xCx ‐ System (x=0→1) gebildet. Die Schwelle für die thermische Lumineszenzlöschung sinkt mit zunehmendem x. Ursache ist ein dominanter Nachbarkationeneffekt, der dazu führt, dass beim Ersatz von Sr2+ durch Y3+ die Kovalenz der Ce ‐ N ‐ Bindung gemindert wird. Die grüne Emission tritt bei einer kationensegregierten Nanostruktur von SrYSi4N7 ‐ und Y2Si4N6C ‐ Domänen in Proben mit x=0.2 – 0.6 auf. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) thin films were deposited by radio frequency (r.f.) magnetron sputtering of a lithium phosphate (Li3PO4) target with various powers. The crystal structure, morphology, chemical environment, ionic conductivity, electronic state and coordination type were sequentially characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, respectively. As the results, the optimal ionic conductivity was achieved by the r.f. power of 75 W. Furthermore, the P-N valence states of hybrid orbitals were increased with increasing the nitrogen amounts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A new proposed flash memory with divided p-substrate-line (PBL) in modified NOR-type array is described. The programming method of band-to-band tunneling induced substrate hot electron injection (BBISHE) provides high programming efficiency. Realized in NOR-type array and combining with the channel FN ejection erasure, the cell guarantees fast random access capability. The BBISHE programming flash memory features high programming efficiency, low voltage operation, high-speed and reliability up to 104 P/E cycles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The authors report here the enhanced luminescence properties of SrSi2O2N2 doped with Eu and M (M=Ce, Dy, and Mn). The Eu and Eu, Mn-codoped powders were prepared by a solid state reaction at temperatures between 1400 and 1600 °C under H2 (25%)–N2 (75%) atmosphere. The Eu, M-codoped Sr1-x-ySi2N2O2 phosphors have the monoclinic structure with lattice parameters a∼15.6 Å, b∼16.2 Å, c∼9.4 Å, and β∼91°. The phosphors can be efficiently excited in the UV to visible region, making them attractive as conversion phosphors for a light emitting diode application. A green-yellow emission was observed for Eu,M-codoped Sr1-x-ySi2N2O2. The addition of M in the Eu site in SrSi2O2N2 remarkably enhances the luminescent intensity by the factor of 144%, 148%, and 168% for Ce, Dy, and Mn, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A three-band white light-emitting diode (LED) was fabricated using an InGaN-based blue LED chip that emits 455 nm blue light, and green phosphor SrSi2O2N2:Eu and red phosphor CaSiN2:Ce that emit 538 nm green and 642 nm red emissions, respectively, when excited by the 455 nm blue light. The luminous efficacy of this white LED is about 30 lm/W at a dc of 20 mA. With increasing dc from 5.0 to 60 mA, both the coordinates x and y of the white LED tend to be the same, and consequently the Tc is the same and the Ra increases to 92.2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• P-doped MoS 2 was integrated on Si pyramids as photocathode for hydrogen evolution. • The Efficiency was enhanced by exposing edges and activating basal planes of MoS 2. • MoS 1.75 P 0.25 /Si pyramids showed the optimal current density of −23.8 mA cm−2. • MoS 1.75 P 0.25 /2 nm TiO 2 /Si electrode presented the current retention of 84.0%. Herein, molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) integrated on Si pyramids was used as a co-catalyst to improve charge separation efficiency. Various quantities of phosphorus (P) heteroatoms were doped into MoS 2 materials to boost catalytic performance. Raman and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra showed that the introduction of P dopants increased the number of exposed edges and sulfur vacancies that acted as hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) active sites on MoS 2 and enhanced photoelectrochemical activity. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the HER inert basal plane of MoS 2 became catalytically active after P atoms doping. MoS 1.75 P 0.25 /Si pyramids presented the optimal onset potential of +0.29 V (vs. RHE) and current density −23.8 mA cm−2. A titanium dioxide (TiO 2) layer was prepared through atomic layer deposition and served as a passivation layer that improved photocathode stability. The photocurrent retention of MoS 1.75 P 0.25 /10 nm TiO 2 /Si pyramids was 84.0% after 2 h of chronoamperometric measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Near-infrared (NIR) phosphors are enticing photoluminescent materials with applications in light-emitting diodes for spectroscopy. These phosphors have two types of emissions: Type I has a Gaussian curve, whereas Type II is similar to a plateau. Both emissions have industrial uses, but uncertain remains regarding which type is ideal. In this review, we compare two distinct NIR phosphors with Type I and Type II emissions in terms of their structure, crystal field, and emission profile and then provide our perspective on what the ideal emission must be. Image 1 • Near-infrared phosphors as main components for light-emitting diode devices. • Type-I near-infrared emission has a Gaussian curve with high luminescent intensity. • Type-II near-infrared emission has a plateau shape with superior broadband coverage. • Strategy in order to achieve the ideal emission for near-infrared light-emitting diodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Semiconductive marcasite-type CoSe2 nanorods are prepared by hydrothermal reaction of CoCl2 and Se in aq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The valence state of Eu in the new phosphor Ca12Al14O32F2:Eu3+ is tuned by replacing Al3+-F- by the dopant Si4+-O2-. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]