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3,227 results on '"Institut Clément Ader (ICA)"'

1. Short remarks about synthetic image generation in the context of sub-pixel accuracy of Digital Image Correlation

Author: Multi-échelle ; Laboratoire de mécanique des solides (LMS) ; CNRS - Polytechnique - X - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - CNRS - Polytechnique - X - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - Laboratoire Navier (NAVIER) ; CNRS - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - IFSTTAR - Université Paris Est (UPE) - CNRS - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - IFSTTAR - Université Paris Est (UPE), Institut P' ; Université de Poitiers, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252) ; CNRS - CEA - Université de Caen Basse-Normandie - Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen, Laboratoire d'acoustique de l'université du Maine (LAUM) ; CNRS - Université du Maine, Institut Clément Ader (ICA) ; Université Paul Sabatier (UPS) - Toulouse III - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées [INSA] - Institut supérieur de l'aéronautique et de l'espace [ISAE] - École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, Laboratoire de Mécanique et Ingénieries (LAMI) ; Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II - Institut Français de Mécanique Avancée, Thermomécanique des matériaux ; Laboratoire de mécanique et génie civil (LMGC) ; CNRS - Université Montpellier II - Sciences et techniques - CNRS - Université Montpellier II - Sciences et techniques - Laboratoire de micromécanique et intégrité des structures (MIST) ; CNRS - Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) - Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Bornert, Michel, Doumalin, Pascal, Dupré, Jean-Christophe, Poilâne, Christophe, ROBERT, Laurent, Toussaint, Évelyne, Wattrisse, Bertrand, Multi-échelle ; Laboratoire de mécanique des solides (LMS) ; CNRS - Polytechnique - X - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - CNRS - Polytechnique - X - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - Laboratoire Navier (NAVIER) ; CNRS - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - IFSTTAR - Université Paris Est (UPE) - CNRS - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - IFSTTAR - Université Paris Est (UPE), Institut P' ; Université de Poitiers, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252) ; CNRS - CEA - Université de Caen Basse-Normandie - Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen, Laboratoire d'acoustique de l'université du Maine (LAUM) ; CNRS - Université du Maine, Institut Clément Ader (ICA) ; Université Paul Sabatier (UPS) - Toulouse III - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées [INSA] - Institut supérieur de l'aéronautique et de l'espace [ISAE] - École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, Laboratoire de Mécanique et Ingénieries (LAMI) ; Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II - Institut Français de Mécanique Avancée, Thermomécanique des matériaux ; Laboratoire de mécanique et génie civil (LMGC) ; CNRS - Université Montpellier II - Sciences et techniques - CNRS - Université Montpellier II - Sciences et techniques - Laboratoire de micromécanique et intégrité des structures (MIST) ; CNRS - Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) - Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Bornert, Michel, Doumalin, Pascal, Dupré, Jean-Christophe, Poilâne, Christophe, ROBERT, Laurent, Toussaint, Évelyne, and Wattrisse, Bertrand
Abstract: International audience, In order to characterise the ultimate error regime of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) algorithms, sets of virtual transformed images are often generated from a reference image by in-plane sub-pixel translations. This leads to the determination of the well-known S-shaped systematic error curves and their corresponding random error curves. It is reported in this collaborative work that the a priori choices used to numerically shift images (grey level interpolation, direct or reverse transformation between images) modify DIC results and may lead to biased conclusions in terms of DIC errors.

2. Pressure sensitivity of plasticity in metallic glasses below glass transition: a literature review

Author: LAboratoire de Recherche en Mécanique Appliquée (LARMAUR) ; CNRS - Université de Rennes 1, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux de Bretagne (LIMATB) ; Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB), ECOMATH ; Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux de Bretagne (LIMATB) ; Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) - Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB), Institut Clément Ader (ICA) ; Université Paul Sabatier (UPS) - Toulouse III - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées [INSA] - Institut supérieur de l'aéronautique et de l'espace [ISAE] - École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, financial support (PhD grant) of the Brittany Region (ARED) and of the 'Délégation Générale de l'Armement' (DGA), T. Chandra, M. Ionescu and D. Mantovani, Keryvin, Vincent, Brest, Jean-Sébastien, Longère, Patrice, Anguet, Adrien, LAboratoire de Recherche en Mécanique Appliquée (LARMAUR) ; CNRS - Université de Rennes 1, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux de Bretagne (LIMATB) ; Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB), ECOMATH ; Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux de Bretagne (LIMATB) ; Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) - Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB), Institut Clément Ader (ICA) ; Université Paul Sabatier (UPS) - Toulouse III - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées [INSA] - Institut supérieur de l'aéronautique et de l'espace [ISAE] - École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, financial support (PhD grant) of the Brittany Region (ARED) and of the 'Délégation Générale de l'Armement' (DGA), T. Chandra, M. Ionescu and D. Mantovani, Keryvin, Vincent, Brest, Jean-Sébastien, Longère, Patrice, and Anguet, Adrien
Abstract: International audience, This paper deals with the pressure dependence of plasticity in metallic glasses below glass transition. Recent results indicate that some metallic glasses have such a dependence and that it increases with temperature (Keryvin et al., Phil. Mag., 88, 1773, 2008). We investigate the possibility that such a situation could be a common feature for all metallic glasses by performing a literature review. Results indicate that it is not straightforward to draw decisive conclusions.

3. Shapley Additive Explanations for Knowledge Discovery via Surrogate Models

Author: Palar, Pramudita Satria, Zuhal, Lavi Rizki, Dwianto, Yohanes Bimo, Shimoyama, Koji, Morlier, Joseph, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Institut Teknologi Bandung - ITB (INDONESIA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Tohoku University (JAPAN), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Tohoku University [Sendai], Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Autre, Re-entry trajectory, Wing design, Shapley Additive Explanations, Knowledge Discovery, Surrogate Models
Abstract: International audience; It is sometimes desirable to delve further into how the inputs affect the output in design optimization and uncertainty analysis. Surrogate models such as Gaussian Process Regression and support vector regression are useful for such tasks and can be further enhanced by introducing advanced post-processing methods. This paper investigates Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) as a tool to aid surrogate-assisted data-driven analysis. In particular, surrogate-enabled SHAP analysis allows visualization of the input-output relationship in a meaningful way using summary SHAP plots and SHAP dependence plots. Some importantinformation that can be extracted and visualized from SHAP includes the importance of input variables (i.e., global sensitivity analysis), nonlinearity level, and level of interactions. The benefits of Shapley values for engineering analysis using surrogate models are demonstrated in three engineering test problems.
Published: 2023

4. Physics-Informed Proper Orthogonal Decomposition for Data Reconstruction

Author: Zakaria, Kemas, Palar, Pramudita Satria, Zuhal, Lavi Rizki, Morlier, Joseph, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Institut Teknologi Bandung - ITB (INDONESIA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Mécanique des structures, Physics-Informed, Poisson Equatioon, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, Mécanique des matériaux
Abstract: International audience; Many engineering problems are governed by complex governing equations that are difficult and typically require high computational costs to solve. Machine learning and surrogate modelling aid such an endeavour by providing a cheap-to-evaluate prediction model that acts as a replacement of the original model. While most research focuses on predicting scalar values (e.g., lift and drag), predicting the solution field is also of interest in many practical engineering and scientific applications. This paper proposes a Physics-Informed Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) technique that improves the solution field prediction by enforcing governing equations as a loss penalty. The proposed idea utilizes a reduced-order modeling technique based on POD to decompose solution snapshots into singular vectors and values. A Gaussian Process Regression is then utilized to predict the singular values from variable parameters. The predicted singular values from the data of the problem are then adjusted via optimization to minimize the physics-informed loss and achieve better prediction. In this paper, we illustrate the efficacy of the proposed method on simple two-dimensional partial differential equations. The result clearly shows that the proposed physics-informed POD outperforms the conventional POD in terms of approximation error.
Published: 2023

5. CO2 Footprint minimization for AFP bio-composites thin structures

Author: Castro Almeida, Alexandre, Duriez, Edouard, Lachaud, Frédéric, Masania, Kunal, Morlier, Joseph, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Delft University of Technology - TU Delft (NETHERLANDS), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), and Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: 3D Printing, Mécanique des structures, Eco-design, Fibre Path, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Topology Optimisation, Bio-composites
Abstract: International audience; The development of the aeronautical industry has brought about certain demands like the reduction of fuel consumption and, consequently, the weight of used structures. Therefore, topology analysis of aircraft components has played an important role in meeting these demands. Another factor widely studied in this context is the type of materials used in the manufacture of such components, hence, by presenting lower densities, composites have gained ground in this industry sector.Besides, an increasingly sought-after characteristic is the sustainability associated with the entire life cycle of any system or part, from its design, through the production phase, to its end of life. The assessment of such sustainability is often carried out by analysing the life cycle’s CO2 footprint, which tends to decrease when the raw materials used are less processed. Materials of natural origin, also known as "bio-materials", have therefore been the target of study, being the basis of the concept of eco-design. The accelerated development of 3D printing technologies has allowed the evolution of structural design methods. Additive manufacturing emerged in the 1980s and has since been expanding in the aerospace field. One of its great advantages is that it can be combined with the use of bio-composites, such as flax or hemp.The topology optimisation of any given structure brings great benefits in terms of the mitigation of the CO2 impact of a given part, as it translates into a reduction of its mass and fuel consumption. However, the combination of this method with the optimisation of the fibre path, in the 3D printing process, and the CO2 footprint of the part’s life cycle simultaneously can bring even more evident benefits. In this paper modifications to existing methods are proposed. In MATLAB, strategies are developed to study the topology and fibre orientation of potentially 3D printed thin structures.
Published: 2022

6. Regularized Infill Criteria for Multi-objective Bayesian Optimization with Application to Aircraft Design

Author: Grapin, R., Diouane, Y., Morlier, J., Bartoli, N., Lefebvre, T., Saves, P., Bussemaker, J.H., Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, DLR, Institute of System Architectures in Aeronautics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal (CANADA), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt - DLR (GERMANY), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), and Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Kriging, Mécanique des structures, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Bayesian Optimization, Aircraft Design, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [MATH]Mathematics [math], Multi-Objective, OPTIMISATION MULTIOBJECTIF, OPTIMISATION BAYESIENNE, Bayesian optimization
Abstract: International audience; Bayesian optimization is an advanced tool to perform efficient global optimization. It consists on enriching iteratively surrogate Kriging models of the objective and the constraints (both supposed to be computationally expensive) of the targeted optimization problem. Nowadays, efficient extensions of Bayesian optimization to solve expensive multi-objective problems are of high interest. The proposed method, in this paper, extends the super efficient global optimization with mixture of experts (SEGOMOE) to solve constrained multi-objective problems. To cope with the ill-posedness of the multi-objective infill criteria, different enrichment procedures using regularization techniques are proposed. The merit of the proposed approaches are shown on known multi-objective benchmark problems with and without constraints. The proposed methods are then used to solve a bi-objective application related to conceptual aircraft design with five unknown design variables and three nonlinear inequality constraints. The preliminary results show a reduction of the total cost in terms of function evaluations by a factor of 20 compared to the evolutionary algorithm NSGA-II.
Published: 2022

7. Upscaling optimal topology multimaterials structures using Deep Neural Networks

Author: Kanthamraju, Anirudh, Duriez, Edouard, James, Kai, Morlier, Joseph, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, ANR-21-MRS1-0009,ECODD,ECoconcevoir les aérostructures Optimales De Demain(2021), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign - UIUC (USA), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), and Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: Mécanique des structures, Deep Neural Networks, Multi-Material Topology Optimization, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Image Super Resolution, Physics Informed Neural Networks
Abstract: National audience; The problem of Topology Optimization aims to solve the question of the optimal material distribution subjected to known boundary and load conditions subject to a target volume fraction. In this study, we present a machine learning framework to tackle the problem of Multi Material Topology upscaling, i.e., the prediction of a higher resolution topology with just the low- resolution input. A Convolutional Deep Neural network was trained with a data set generated from an iterative code found in the existing literature. The network architecture implemented in this study is a modified version of SRGAN which has proven capabilities in upscaling complex real-world images. In this study, the perceptual loss function was used as the loss function in order to not penalize the network for its predictions that are off by a couple of pixels while simultaneously rewarding the network for its outputs that yield accurate compliance. The paper aims to present a novel approach to the problem of Topology Upscaling of 2x by mapping local features of the low-resolution topology to their higher resolution counterparts.
Published: 2022

8. Towards multi-model approaches to predictive maintenance: A systematic literature survey on diagnostics and prognostics

Author: Michel Salaün, Sébastien Schwartz, Rob A. Vingerhoeds, Juan José Montero Jimenez, Bernard Grabot, Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes (DISC), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Instituto Tecnologico de Costa Rica (TEC), Sogeti High Tech, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Capgemini [Toulouse], Capgemini, Laboratoire Génie de Production (LGP), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes (ENIT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Instituto Tecnologico de Costa Rica (COSTA RICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica - Cartago (COSTA RICA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Capgemini (FRANCE), Laboratoire Génie de Production - LGP (Tarbes, France), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), and Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Systematic survey, Computer science, Single-model approaches, 02 engineering and technology, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Predictive maintenance, Field (computer science), 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Autre, Multi-model approaches, Maintenance actions, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Diagnostics, Prognostics, Technological system, Predictive maintenance Systematic literature review, Risk analysis (engineering), Hardware and Architecture, Control and Systems Engineering, Research studies, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Literature survey, Software
Abstract: International audience; The use of a modern technological system requires a good engineering approach, optimized operations, and proper maintenance in order to keep the system in an optimal state. Predictive maintenance focuses on the organization of maintenance actions according to the actual health state of the system, aiming at giving a precise indication of when a maintenance intervention will be necessary. Predictive maintenance is normally implemented by means of specialized computational systems that incorporate one of several models to fulfil diagnostics and prognostics tasks. As complexity of technological systems increases over time, single-model approaches hardly fulfil all functions and objectives for predictive maintenance systems. It is increasingly commonto find research studies that combine different models in multi-model approaches to overcome complexity of predictive maintenance tasks, considering the advantages and disadvantages of each single model and trying to combine the best of them. These multi-model approaches have not been extensively addressed by previous review studies on predictive maintenance. Besides, many of the possible combinations for multi-model approaches remain unexplored in predictive maintenance applications; this offers a vast field of opportunities when architecting new predictive maintenance systems. This systematic survey aims at presenting the current trends in diagnostics and prognostics giving special attention to multi-model approaches and summarizing the current challenges and research opportunities.
Published: 2020

9. A Direct Method for the Assessment of Cohesive Zone Models for Thin Adhesive Layers Loaded in Mode I, Mode II, and Mixed-Mode I/II

Author: Frédéric Lachaud, Eric Paroissien, Joseph Morlier, Sébastien Schwartz, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Sogeti High Tech, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Sogeti (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)
Subjects: [ SPI.MECA.GEME ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], cohesive zone model, 010407 polymers, Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Adhesive bonding, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, mixed-mode I/II, Autre, inverse method, Materials Chemistry, Mode II, Adhesively bonded joint, business.industry, Direct method, mode II, Mode (statistics), direct method, Inverse method, Interaction energy, Structural engineering, Cohesive zone model, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Macro-element, Mode I, Mixed-mode I/II, macro-element, mode I, Ceramics and Composites, Adhesive, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; In the context of increasing the strength-to-mass ratio of lightweight structures, the adhesively bonded joining technology appears to be an attractive solution. Nevertheless, the adhesive bonding method is important when the structural integrity of joints has to be ensured. In the literature, the cohesive zone models (CZMs) are shown to be able to predict both the static and fatigue strengths of adhesively bonded joints. The strength prediction is dependent on material laws and associated material parameters, characterizing the bondline behaviour mainly under pure mode I, mode II and mixed-mode I/II. The characterization methods are thus crucial. This paper aims at assessing the capabilities to identify the parameters of a particular CZM for both the inverse method, based on the energy balance associated with the path independent J-integral, and of a direct method described in this present work. The particular CZM has a classical shape based on the definition of a bilinear law for each of both pure modes, associated with pure mode interaction energy laws for initiation and propagation under mixed-mode I/II. The methodology used in this paper is based on a numerical test campaign only, involving the macro-element (ME) technique. A new approach for the fast formulation and implementation of ME modelling of two bonded beams is described.
Published: 2020

10. A mixed-categorical data-driven approach for prediction and optimization of hybrid discontinuous composites performance

Author: Carreira Rufato, Raul, Diouane, Youssef, Henry, Joël, Ahlfeld, Richard, Morlier, Joseph, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal (CANADA), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Sorbonne Université (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Sorbonne Université (SU), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Monolith AI, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Mécanique des structures, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Gaussian Process, Data-driven optimisation, Hybrid discontinuous composites, Mixed-categorical variables
Abstract: International audience; Surrogate models are an essential engineering tool and their popularity has increased recently due to the high computational cost of evaluating real-world simulations. However, most of these functions are described by mixed variables (continuous and categorical), which makes it harder to create accurate interpolation functions. This work builds a surrogate model from a given mixed data set, in order to quickly and accurately calculate the mechanical performance of hybrid discontinuous composites. Then, in order to find the optimal hybridization, three different approaches are performed: mono-objective, targeted and multi-objective. Starting from a virtual database provided by the industrial partner, the mixed categorical optimization process is performed by coupling a multi-armed bandit strategy with a continuous Bayesian optimization solver. The efficiency of the proposed approach is tested and two main results are achieved. The obtained surrogate models are shown to be sufficiently accurate, having an R² score grater than 90% in average. Our proposed optimization process is also able to identify correctly the optimal fibres with respect to the desirable targets.
Published: 2022

11. Cohesive strength and fracture toughness of atmospheric ice

Author: Palanque, Valérian, Villeneuve, Eric, Budinger, Marc, Pommier-Budinger, Valérie, Momen, Gelareh, ONERA / DMPE, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université du Québec - UQ (CANADA), and Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], DENSITE, EXPERIMENTALE, ATMOSPHERIQUE, CHAMBRE FROIDE, MODELE NUMERIQUE, Density, TRACTION, Fracture toughness, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, FRACTURE, Tensile strength, Numerical model, GLACE, FORCE, Mécanique des structures, Atmospheric ice, Experimental, Cold room, Vibration test, [PHYS.MECA.SOLID]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph], General Earth and Planetary Sciences, TEST VIBRATION, Cohesive strength
Abstract: International audience; This paper aims at defining the key mechanical properties of atmospheric ice in order to improve the design ofmechanical de-icing systems. Based on ice fracture mechanisms, the parameters of interest are the cohesivestrength of the ice and its fracture toughness. A hybrid experimental/numerical vibrating method is used tomeasure those critical values. Parameters such as temperature and precipitation rate influence the ice densityand ice samples are thus defined with respect to this parameter. First, the cohesive strength of ice is measuredover the entire range of ice density and a polynomial expression of the cohesive strength of ice is given as afunction of this density. Then the fracture toughness is measured for a smaller range of density and an averagecritical value is given. Finally, the influence of the properties computed is discussed to assess the conditions ofatmospheric ice mechanical removal and the challenges for the design of mechanical ice protection systems. Thestudy tends to show that as its density decreases, ice is more difficult to remove mechanically.
Published: 2022

12. The control of hydroxyl density on glass particulates surface: Application to anionic polymerization of polyamide 6

Author: Belkhiri, Achraf, Virgilio, Nick, Chabert, France, De Almeida, Olivier, Welemane, Hélène, Nassiet, Valérie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal (CANADA), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Laboratoire Génie de Production (LGP), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes (ENIT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Silane grafting, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], technology, industry, and agriculture, Reactive PA6, Advanced functional materials, Mécanique des matériaux, Hydroxyl groups density, Modification of glass surface
Abstract: International audience; Monomer polymerization after the impregnation of reinforcements is a relevant option for the manufacturing of thermoplastic composites by liquid processes (infusion or RTM). In the case of polyamide 6 (PA6) synthesized by this process, the system is composed of the monomers, the catalyst, and the activator, which react within the fibrous environment. Therefore, controlling the chemistry of the fiber surface is crucial because it influences not only the polymerization and crystallization processes, but it also controls the fiber-matrix adhesion and the resulting mechanical properties. However, the hydroxyl groups typically present on the glass fiber surface inhibit the polymerization process. The objective of this project is to adapt and control the surface chemistry of glass particulate reinforcements in order to promote the polymerization and crystallization processes of PA6. This work was carried out with glass microbeads comparable in size to the diameter of glass fibers. First, the evolution of the hydroxyl groups surface density on the glass beads, as a function of calcination time, was monitored by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The hydroxyl groups surface density was then tuned in order to allow thesynthesis of anionic polyamide 6 (PA6), which was monitored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Next, in order to further promote the polymerization and crystallization of PA6, and to improve interfacial adhesion between the PA6 and glass particulates, the grafting process of an amino-silane coupling agent at the particulates surface was investigated by TGA and FTIR. The results demonstrate that the competition between re-hydroxylation and condensation of the silane on the surface during the grafting process needs to be carefully balanced in order to maintain fast polymerization kinetics, as revealed by DSC analysis. Overall, the systematic methodology presented in this work can be adapted for various combinations of reactive resins and solid fillers, allowing for the preparation of high performance (nano)composite materials.
Published: 2021

13. Apparent Interfacial Toughness of Undoped and Photoluminescent Eu3+-Doped Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Thermal Barrier Coatings

Author: Zhiping Wang, Florence Ansart, Sandrine Nathalie Duluard, Liu Yankuan, Philippe Lours, Etienne Copin, Thierry Sentenac, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Civil Aviation University of China (CHINA), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Civil Aviation University of China (CAUC), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)
Subjects: Toughness, Materials science, Matériaux, Air plasma spray, Oxide, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Thermal barrier coating, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Interfacial toughness, 0203 mechanical engineering, Coating, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Cubic zirconia, Ceramic, Composite material, Photoluminescence, Yttria-stabilized zirconia, 010302 applied physics, air plasma spray, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, interfacial toughness, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, chemistry, Plasmas, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, engineering, Thermally grown oxide, photoluminescence, thermally grown oxide, thermal barrier coating
Abstract: International audience; Most photoluminescence methods for the diagnostic of thermal barrier coatings (TBC) rely on the functionalization of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) with trivalent lanthanide ions. It consists in determining temperature and detecting preventively damages within the volume of the TBC prior to ceramic topcoat spallation. The latter depends on the interfacial toughness, which is an important factor to address thermal barrier coating’s performance and durability. In this paper, the influence of the addition of rare earth elements (Eu3+) on the interfacial toughness of TBC deposited by atmospheric plasma spray is investigated. Two types of coatings are deposited and investigated: (1) Type I: coating deposited using Eu3+-doped YSZ powder (2 mol.%), (2) Type II: coating deposited using undoped YSZ powder. Both types of coatings are heat-treated at 1100 °C under isothermal conditions using different oxidation exposure times: 100, 300 and 800 h. The morphology of the interface between the topcoat (TBC) and the bond coat is analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The apparent interfacial toughness is investigated using indentation. It is shown that the interfacial apparent toughness decreases as the oxidation exposure time increases. Concomitantly, the thickness of the thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer between the bond coat and the topcoat increases. Results show as well that the partial substitution of Y3+ ions by a low amount of Eu3+ ions (2 mol.%) does not have influence on the microstructure and the interfacial toughness of the YSZ coatings. In addition, energy dispersive spectrometry reveals that there is no diffusion of Eu3+ into the TGO layer. It is therefore concluded that the use of Eu3+ for damage diagnostic based on photoluminescence methods will not induce any kind of degradation of the properties of TBCs.
Published: 2020

14. A bi-level methodology for solving large-scale mixed categorical structural optimization

Author: Pierre-Jean Barjhoux, Youssef Diouane, Dimitri Bettebghor, Joseph Morlier, Stéphane Grihon, Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes - DISC (Toulouse, France), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes (DISC), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Mathematical optimization, Control and Optimization, Optimization problem, Scale (ratio), Computer science, Computation, Bi-level decomposition, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Structural optimization, 0203 mechanical engineering, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Dimension (data warehouse), Categorical variable, 021106 design practice & management, Categorical and continuous variables, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Computer Science Applications, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Test case, Control and Systems Engineering, Structural design, Mécanique des matériaux, Engineering design process, Software, Combinatorial explosion
Abstract: International audience; In this work, large-scale structural optimization problems involving non-ordinal categorical design variables and continuous variables are investigated. The aim is to minimize the weight of a structure with respect to cross-section areas, with materials and stiffening principles selection. First, the problem is formulated using a bi-level decomposition involving master and slave problems. The master problem is given by a first-order-like approximation that helps to drastically reduce the combinatorial explosion raised by the categorical variables. Continuous variables are handled in a slave problem solved using a gradient-based approach, where the categorical variables are driven by the master problem. The proposed algorithm is tested on three different structural optimization test cases. A comparison to state-of-the-art algorithms emphasize efficiency of the proposed algorithm in terms of the optimum quality, the computation cost, and the scaling with respect to the problem dimension.
Published: 2020

15. Study of translaminar fracture toughness of unidirectional flax/epoxy composite

Author: Yousef Saadati, Jean-François Chatelain, Christophe Bouvet, Yves Beauchamp, Gilbert Lebrun, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure [Montréal] (ETS), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Ecole de Technologie Supérieure - ETS (CANADA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières - UQTR (CANADA), Université McGill (CANADA), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), and Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: Materials science, Tensile and compressive translaminar fracture, 02 engineering and technology, Fracture toughness, 0203 mechanical engineering, Ultimate tensile strength, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Material failure theory, Composite material, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, Translaminar fracture energy, Flax fiber, Mechanical Engineering, Epoxy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Compression (physics), 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, visual_art, Thermography, TA401-492, Ceramics and Composites, Fracture (geology), visual_art.visual_art_medium, Infrared thermography, Flax-epoxy composites, Mécanique des matériaux, 0210 nano-technology, Failure mode and effects analysis
Abstract: International audience; Ever growing applications of flax fiber-reinforced composites (FFRCs) and their suitability for structural uses involve implementing the design and failure criteria for these composites. Translaminar fracture is one of the primary failure modes of unidirectional (UD) fiber-reinforced composites, and measuring it is essential for design purposes and in many material failure studies. However, the translaminar fracture parameters have not been evaluated for UD-FFRCs; thus, there is no data available in the literature. Moreover, conventional test methods for this failure mode are complex, and there is no standard method for measuring this value in compression. In this study, the translaminar fracture behavior of a UD flax/epoxy composite has been examined, and its fracture toughness in tension and compression in the fiber direction are determined following existing standard meth- ods as well as using a methodology developed using infrared thermography. Compact tension specimens were adapted and used for this purpose. A fractographic study is conducted to examine the fracture surfaces and better understand the failure mechanisms. For tensile tests, the results of infrared thermography are in good agreement with those of ASTM E1922 and lie in the range of values obtained for similar composites in the literature.
Published: 2020

16. A New Lighting on Analytical Discrete Sensitivities in the Context of IsoGeometric Shape Optimization

Author: Thibaut Hirschler, Joseph Morlier, Arnaud Duval, Robin Bouclier, Thomas Elguedj, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL (SWITZERLAND), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 (IMT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Optimization, Mathematical optimization, Computer science, reanalysis, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Isogeometric analysis, 01 natural sciences, shell structures, form, computational methods, Autre, [PHYS.MECA.SOLID]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Feature (machine learning), parameter-free shape, Shape optimization, structural optimization, Sensitivity (control systems), 0101 mathematics, topology optimization, Applied Mathematics, Analytical gradient, design optimization, Computer Science Applications, gradient, 010101 applied mathematics, Vibration, Displacement field, Benchmark (computing), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, regularization method
Abstract: International audience; Isogeometric shape optimization has been now studied for over a decade. This contribution aims at compiling the key ingredients within this promising framework, with a particular attention to sensitivity analysis. Based on all the researches related to isogeometric shape optimization, we present a global overview of the process which has emerged. The principal feature is the use of two refinement levels of the same geometry: a coarse level where the shape updates are imposed and a fine level where the analysis is performed. We explain how these two models interact during the optimization, and especially during the sensitivity analysis. We present new theoretical developments, algorithms, and quantitative results regarding the analytical calculation of discrete adjoint-based sensitivities. In order to highlight the versatility of this sensitivity analysis method, we perform eight benchmark optimization examples with different types of objective functions (compliance, displacement field, stress field, and natural frequencies), different types of isogeometric element (2D and 3D standard solids, and a Kirchhoff-Love shell), and different types of structural analysis (static and vibration). The numerical performances of the analytical sensitivities are compared with approximate sensitivities. The results in terms of accuracy and numerical cost make us believe that the presented method is a viable strategy to build a robust framework for shape optimization.
Published: 2020

17. General formulation of macro-elements for the simulation of multi-layered bonded structures

Author: Sébastien Schwartz, Eric Paroissien, Frédéric Lachaud, Sogeti (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Aeronautical, Materials science, Ordinary differential equation procedure, business.industry, 010102 general mathematics, Analytical models- Stress analysis, 02 engineering and technology, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, Structural engineering, Macro-element -Multi-layered, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Finite element method, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Mécanique des structures, Mechanics of Materials, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Materials Chemistry, 0101 mathematics, Macro, Fe model, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; Adhesively bonded joints are often addressed through Finite Element (FE). However, analyses based on FE models are computationally expensive, especially when the number of adherends increases. Simplified approaches are suitable for intensive parametric studies. Firstly, a resolution approach for a 1D-beam simplified model of bonded joint stress analysis under linear elastic material is presented. This approach, named the macro-element (ME) technique, is presented and solved through two different methodologies. Secondly, a new methodology for the formulation of ME stiffness matrices is presented. This methodology offers the ability to easily take into account for the modification of simplifying hypotheses while providing the shape of solutions, which reduced then the computational time. It is illustrated with the 1D-beam ME resolution and compared with the previous ones. Perfect agreement is shown. Thirdly, a 1D-beam multi-layered ME formulation involving various local equilibrium equations and constitutive equations is described. It is able to address the stress analysis of multi-layered structures. It is illustrated on a double lap joint (DLJ) with the presented method.
Published: 2020

18. Engine Pylon Topology Optimization Framework Based on Performance and Stress Criteria

Author: Simone Coniglio, Rémi Amargier, Christian Gogu, Joseph Morlier, Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Airbus [France], Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne (ENISE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Imagination, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Matériaux et structures en mécanique, Aerospace Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Automotive engineering, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Stress (mechanics), Search engine, 0203 mechanical engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Polygon mesh, Thrust specific fuel consumption, MATLAB, Stress Criteria, computer.programming_language, media_common, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Topology Optimization, Engine Pylon, Topology optimization, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Fuel efficiency, computer
Abstract: International audience; Reducing fuel consumption is a major driver for the design of future aircraft. The engine integration primary structure plays a significant role in the integrated engine thrust-specific fuel consumption. A topology optimization framework was developed to design the primary structure integrating the engine to the aircraft wing considering mass, stress, and engine performance criteria. The proposed approach had to address several challenges associated with the use of nonuniform meshes, the integration of the engine model as a super-element, and the presence of nonconforming mesh interfaces. Analytical adjoint evaluations for all the responses were also derived. The framework was tested on a simplified engine model providing a consistent solution.
Published: 2019

19. Effect of tool geometry and welding speed on mechanical properties of dissimilar AA2198–AA2024 FSWed joint

Author: Damien Texier, Yasser Zedan, Mohammad Jahazi, Philippe Bocher, Mahdi Masoumi Khalilabad, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure [Montréal] (ETS), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Ecole de Technologie Supérieure [Montréal] ( ETS ), Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Traverse, Materials science, Friction stir welding, Tensile properties, Strategy and Management, [ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Geometry, 02 engineering and technology, Welding, Management Science and Operations Research, Edge (geometry), Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, FSW tool design, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, law.invention, [PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Al–Li alloys, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, law, 2024 aluminum alloy, Welding speed, Joint (geology), Spiral, DIC, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Flash (manufacturing), [ PHYS.MECA.MEMA ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Fracture (geology), 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; Different tool geometries were used to investigate the joining of aluminum alloys (AA2198 to AA2024) by friction stir welding (FSW). Three shoulder profiles (flat, raised spiral, and raised fan) and five different pin profiles (cone, half threaded cylindrical, straight cylindrical, tapered cylindrical and square) were selected. Preliminary investigations were conducted by moving the tool into a seamless sheet made of the AA2024-T3 in order to select the tools that produce defect-free joints. Preliminary investigations showed the raised fan shoulder profile helps the material flow from the edge of shoulder to the pin creating a smooth surface finish with no flash in comparison with flat and raised spiral shoulder profiles. Pins with a minimum diameter equal to half the plate thickness produced lack of penetration (LOP) defects, while increasing minimum pin diameter to the plate thickness eliminates the LOP defects. Half threaded cylindrical pin produced tunneling defect, whereas defect free joint made by straight cylindrical, tapered cylindrical and cubic pin profiles. So they were selected for joining AA2024 to AA2198. Fracture locations of different joint variants were observed the vicinity of the thermomechanical affected zone (TMAZ) of AA2198-T3 alloy, and in the nugget on the AA2198-T3 side which have the minimum hardness and highest strain localization as confirmed by hardness maps and digital image coronation (DIC). Higher measured temperature than dissolution temperature of AA2198 main strengthening precipitates could be the reason of low hardness and fracture in TMAZ and center of nugget. Furthermore a raised fan shoulder with a tapered cylindrical pin produced highest elongation and yield strength and it was selected as the best candidate for optimization of the welding parameters. It was found that higher rotational and traverse speeds enhance the formation of tunneling and kissing bond defects, suggesting that longer pins have to be used for higher traverse speeds. Welding speed 750 rpm with 450 mm min−1 could create joint with highest yield strength.
Published: 2018

20. Metal dusting corrosion of austenitic alloys at low and high pressure with the effects of Cr, Al, Nb and Cu

Author: Aurélie Rouaix-Vande Put, Didier Domergue, Aurélien Fabas, Mehdi Salem, Daniel Monceau, Sébastien Doublet, Air Liquide (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Air Liquide [Siège Social], Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)
Subjects: Materials science, High temperature corrosion, Matériaux, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Alloy, Oxide, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, Corrosion, Metal, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], chemistry.chemical_compound, Carburization, Oxidation, Metal dusting, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, General Materials Science, Superalloys, Precipitation (chemistry), High-temperature corrosion, Metallurgy, General Chemistry, Superalloy, chemistry, visual_art, engineering, visual_art.visual_art_medium
Abstract: International audience; Commercial and model alloys were exposed at 570 degrees C to metal dusting conditions at 1 and 21 bar in CO-H-2-H2O and CO-H-2-CO2-CH4-H2O atmospheres, respectively, with similar a(c) and P-O2 center dot gamma `' precipitation beneath the surface of 625 superalloy was due to Nb diffusion toward the Cr-depleted zone formed during oxidation. 693 superalloy was more carburised than 690 superalloy. alpha-Al2O3 formation was believed to induce cracks through the oxide scale, resulting in the alloy carburisation. Cu addition to a FeNiCr model alloy lead to the formation of an almost continuous Cu layer at the oxide/metal interface, greatly improving the metal dusting resistance.
Published: 2017

21. Aging response investigation of 2017 Al alloy processed by gravity and squeeze casting

Author: Souissi, Najib, Mabru, Catherine, Bradai, Chedly, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax | National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax - ENIS (TUNISIA), and Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: Aging temperature, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Mechanical properties, Mécanique des matériaux, 2017 Al alloy, Microstructure, Squeeze pressure
Abstract: International audience; Suitable pressure levels and heat treatment of casting wrought aluminum alloy are key process parameters in making components with better metallurgical properties. For this purpose, the effect of applied pressure and aging treatment on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of an industrial 2017 aluminum alloy manufactured by gravity and direct squeeze casting processes are investigated in this paper. After treating to various aging states, the correlation between these parameters and the characteristics of the cast alloy has been analyzed and discussed.
Published: 2019

22. Numerical simulations of adhesive squeeze flow: A review

Author: Aparecida Silva, Lorraine, Espinosa, Christine, da Silva, Lucas F.M., Paroissien, Eric, Lachaud, Frédéric, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Universidade do Porto - UP (PORTUGAL), and Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: Mécanique des structures, Adhesive joint, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Spreading, Squeeze flow
Abstract: International audience; Debonding on demand structural adhesives is becoming a relevant topic for, in particular, recycling strategy issues. A debonding methodology has been developed by the FEUP using Thermally Expandable Particles (TEP). In order to enhance the properties of the material, it is expected to control the distribution of the TEPs in the uncured adhesive. After dosage and mixing, the adhesive is applied manually or automatically on a substrate. At this point starts the fluid structure interaction (FSI), where the substrates are approached and fixed before the last step, when the adhesives becomes solid, by the process of curing. To optimize the on demand debonding, it is first necessary to control the distribution of the fillers in this uncured phase. We are interested here in evaluating the different numerical methods that are used or could be used to simulate the approach of substrates and the squeezing process of charged uncured adhesive.Grid-based numerical methods are widely used for fluid simulations, either using Lagrangian or Eulerian reference frame, including the finite difference method (FDM), finite volume method (FVM) or the finite element method (FEM). In this study, we also consider the Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method which is meshfree method associated with particulate discretization of the matter and the movement.The knowledge of these methods allows addressing the squeeze flow problem in order to obtain the final distribution of the adhesive and inclusions in the joint.
Published: 2019

23. Failure and strain gradient analyses in incremental forming using GTN model

Author: Muhammad Ilyas, Christine Espinosa, Ghulam Hussain, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (PAKISTAN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (GIKI), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (Pakistan), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Materials science, Hydrostatic pressure, Matériaux et structures en mécanique, 02 engineering and technology, [SPI.MECA.MSMECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph], Plasticity, Strain gradient, lcsh:Technology, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Formability, General Materials Science, Composite material, Single point incremental forming, Groove (music), Deformation (mechanics), lcsh:T, Finite element method, SPIF -GTN damage model, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Failure prediction, Incremental sheet forming
Abstract: Single point incremental forming (SPIF) process is gaining popularity for rapid manufacturing of complex 3D shapes. The present study is aimed at numerically predicting the failure using the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) model and further clarifying the deformation mechanics in SPIF. Deformation mechanics and failure in SPIF process are examined numerically by simulating a straight groove test. Solid finite element (FE) models have been employed to investigate deformation modes. The GTN damage model has successfully predicted forming limits in the straight groove test. It is shown that failure, regardless of the incremental sheet forming (ISF) conditions, occurs when the damage parameter (d) approaches one. Furthermore, effective plastic strain, hydrostatic pressure, vertical tool force and through thickness strain gradient increase with an increase in step size. Finally, it is shown that an increase in hydrostatic pressure and increase in through thickness strain gradient enhance formability. Keywords: Single point incremental forming, SPIF, GTN damage model, Failure prediction, Formability
Published: 2019

24. Adaptive modeling strategy for constrained global optimization with application to aerodynamic wing design

Author: Joaquim R. R. A. Martins, Nathalie Bartoli, Rémy Priem, Nicolas Bons, Thierry Lefebvre, Romain Olivanti, Joseph Morlier, Sylvain Dubreuil, ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Département Aérodynamique Energétique et Propulsion (DAEP), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Michigan State University - MSU (USA), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Département Aérodynamique Energétique et Propulsion - DAEP (Toulouse, France), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Mathematical optimization, Optimization problem, Computer science, Aerospace Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Multimodal optimization, Computational fluid dynamics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Mixture of experts, 0103 physical sciences, Surrogate modeling- Global optimization, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Point (geometry), Global optimization, business.industry, Aerodynamics, Function (mathematics), Wing design, Constraint (information theory), Nonlinear system, Aerodynamic shape optimization, Mécanique des matériaux, business
Abstract: International audience; Surrogate models are often used to reduce the cost of design optimization prob- lems that involve computationally costly models, such as computational fluid dynamics simulations. However, the number of evaluations required by sur- rogate models usually scales poorly with the number of design variables, and there is a need for both better constraint formulations and multimodal function handling. To address this issue, we developed a surrogate-based gradient-free optimization algorithm that can handle cases where the function evaluations are expensive, the computational budget is limited, the functions are multimodal, and the optimization problem includes nonlinear equality or inequality con- straints. The proposed algorithm—super efficient global optimization coupled with mixture of experts (SEGOMOE)—can tackle complex constrained design optimization problems through the use of an enrichment strategy based on a mixture of experts coupled with adaptive surrogate models. The performance of this approach was evaluated for analytic constrained and unconstrained prob- lems, as well as for a multimodal aerodynamic shape optimization problem with 17 design variables and an equality constraint. Our results showed that the method is efficient and that the optimum is much less dependent on the starting point than the conventional gradient-based optimization.
Published: 2019

25. A survey of icephobic coatings and their potential use in a hybrid coating/active ice protection system for aerospace applications

Author: Elmar Bonaccurso, Philippe Villedieu, Xiao Huang, Marc Budinger, Valérie Pommier-Budinger, Lokman Bennani, Nick Tepylo, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Département de Mathématiques, Informatique, Automatique ( DMIA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ), Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Airbus Groups Innovations, ONERA, Université de Toulouse ( ONERA, Université de Toulouse (F-31055 Toulouse - France) ), ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (MAE), Carleton University, Département Conception et conduite des véhicules Aéronautiques et Spatiaux (DCAS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Airbus Defence and Space Germany, ONERA / DMPE, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Carleton University (CANADA), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), and Département Modèles pour l'Aérodynamique et l'Énergétique - DMAE (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: Icephobic coating, Ice adhesion, Electro-mechanical de-icing, Aerospace Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 0203 mechanical engineering, Coating, [ SPI.NRJ ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 0103 physical sciences, Hybrid ice protection system, Aerospace engineering, Aerospace, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Expediting, Ice protection system, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, De-icing, 13. Climate action, Mechanics of Materials, Hybrid system, engineering, Ice nucleus, Environmental science, Anti-icing, Mécanique des matériaux, Biomimetics, business
Abstract: International audience; Icephobic coatings for aircraft and other surfaces subjected to ice accretion have generated great interest in the past two decades, due to the advancement of nanomaterials, coating fabrication methods, biomimetics, and a more in-depth understanding of ice nucleation and ice adhesion. Icephobic coatings have demonstrated the ability to repel water droplets, delay ice nucleation and significantly reduce ice adhesion. Despite these ongoing research activities and promising results, the findings reported hereafter suggest that coatings alone cannot be used for aircraft anti-icing and de-icing operations; rather, they should be considered as a complementary option to either thermal or mechanical ice protection methods, for reducing power consumption and the ecological footprint of these active systems and for expediting ground de-icing operations. This paper will first review the state-of-the-art of icephobic coatings for various applications, including their performance and existing deficiencies. The second part of this paper focuses on aerospace anti-icing and de-icing requirements and the need for hybrid systems to provide a complete ice protection solution. Lastly, several urgent issues facing further development in the field are discussed.
Published: 2019

26. Suivi de l'endommagement dans les composites par stéréo-corrélation d'images

Author: Jean-Noël PERIE, Jean-Charles Passieux, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi )
Subjects: [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], [ SPI.MECA.STRU ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: National audience; Les stratifiés Carbone/Epoxy, largement employées dans les structures primaires du fait de leurs remarquables performances spécifiques, exhibent des mécanismes d’endommagement fort complexes à modéliser. Les techniques de mesure de champs cinématiques constituent des outils exceptionnels qui permettent de porter un regard nouveau sur le comportement, de valider voire d’identifier des modèles constitutifs et de conduire des essais dans des situations plus représentatives de l’usage (essais sur structures, essais multiaxiaux, etc.). Du fait de sa simplicité de mise en œuvre, de sa large gamme d’applications (mesures de formes et de déplacement 3D, de grandes déformations, dynamiques, etc.) et de sa capacité unique à exploiter différentes modalités d’imagerie (tomographie, microscopie, etc.), la CIN est de loin la méthode la plus utilisée. Néanmoins, la résolution en déformation de la CIN est élevée par rapport aux déformations vues par les structures composites. En outre, la CIN « subset based » n’est pas commode à interfacer avec des simulations par éléments Finis (EF). Afin de surmonter ces obstacles, une approche éléments finis [1] originale de la stéréo CIN écrite dans le repère monde est développée à l’ICA [2]. Cette méthode de Stéréo CIN EF permet d’exploiter autant de caméras que souhaité, et donc de réaliser des mesures multi-échelles [3]. En outre, ce type d’approche permet également de régulariser les mesures à l’aide d’une partie du modèle. Il est alors possible d’identifier des conditions aux limites cohérentes [2], conditions qui peuvent alors être utilisées pour la simulation [4]. Au final, l’approche permet de mener des comparaisons objectives et quantitatives entre les déplacements calculés et mesurés. L'exemple d’un dialogue initié au cours du projet ANR VERTEX sera présenté [4].[1] G. Besnard, F. Hild, S. Roux, “Finite-element” displacement fields analysis from digital images: Application to Portevin-Le Châtelier bands. Experimental Mechanics. 46(6) (2006) 789-804[2] J.E. Pierré, J.C. Passieux, J.N. Périé. Finite Element Stereo Digital Image Correlation: Framework and Mechanical Regularization. Experimental Mechanics, 57 (2017) 443-456[3] J.C. Passieux, F. Bugarin, C. David, J.N. Périé, L. Robert. Multiscale displacement field measurement using digital image correlation: Application to the identification of elastic properties. Experimental Mechanics. 55(1) (2015) 121-137[4] J. Serra, J.E. Pierré, J.C. Passieux, J.N. Périé, C. Bouvet, B. Castanié, Validation and modeling of aeronautical composite structures subjected to combined loadings: The VERTEX project, Part 1: Experimental setup, FE-DIC instrumentation and procedures. Composite Structures 179 (2017) 224-244
Published: 2019

27. Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of a Reusable Lunar Vehicle

Author: Laurent, Beauregard, Urbano, Annafederica, Colbeck, Darien, Lizy-Destrez, Stéphanie, Morlier, Joseph, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology - RMIT (AUSTRALIA), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Département Conception et conduite des véhicules Aéronautiques et Spatiaux (DCAS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University (RMIT University), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Mécanique des structures, Architecture optimization, AEROSPACE VEHICLE DESIGN, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Multidiscplinary design optimization, MULTI-DISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, Reusable lunar lander
Abstract: International audience; The Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway will be the successor to the ISS and will be placed around the Moon.To bring crew onto the lunar surface, a lunar lander must be designed and used. This work will present asystem design tool for lunar landers which utilizes OpenMDAO, a multidisciplinary design optimizationlibrary. Moreover, different mission architectures will be compared independently. As a benchmark, adesign for a one-stage LH2/LOX will be produced and compared to an existing design.
Published: 2019

28. Experimental analysis of impact and post-impact behaviour of inserts in Carbon sandwich structures

Author: Bruno Castanié, Jean-Paul Giavarini, Laurent Mezeix, Natthawat Hongkarnjanakul, Simon Dols, Christophe Bouvet, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Burapha University (THAILAND), Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency - GISTDA (THAILAND), Sogeclair (FRANCE), Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France), Faculty of Informatics, Burapha University, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), SOGECLAIR (FRANCE), Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux ( CIRIMAT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Materials science, [ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 02 engineering and technology, Impact test, Insert, 0203 mechanical engineering, Autre, Honeycomb, Composite material, Landing gear, Insert (composites), business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Structural engineering, Carbon Laminates, [ SPI.MECA.MSMECA ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph], 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Compression (physics), Residual strength, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Impact, Mechanics of Materials, Pull-through, Ceramics and Composites, Sandwich, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; In aeronautics, honeycomb sandwich structures are widely used for secondary structures such as landing gear doors, flaps or floors, and for primary structures in helicopters or business jets. These structures are generally joined by using local reinforcements of the insert type. In the present study, 50 J low velocity impact tests were performed on inserts using a drop-weight device and the impact response and failure patterns were analysed. Impacted specimens were then pull-through tested to 2 failure. Some of the tests were stopped before final failure in order to obtain precise details on the failure scenario. It was shown that, in the cases studied, the residual strength after impact was very high (about 90%) in comparison to the large reductions habitually observed in Compression After Impact tests.
Published: 2019

29. Image‐based isogeometric twins of lattices with virtual image correlation for varying cross‐section beams

Author: Jean‐Charles Passieux, Robin Bouclier, Oliver Weeger, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 (IMT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Technische Universität Darmstadt - Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt)
Subjects: Numerical Analysis, isogeometric analysis, lattices, Applied Mathematics, digital twin, General Engineering, cellular materials, image-based models, [SPI.MECA.SOLID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Cellular materials, in particular metal or polymer foams and beam lattices, are characterized by a complex architecture where the material is concentrated in slender struts. This study is concerned with the construction of numerically efficient samplespecific digital twin for the analysis and characterization of the mechanical behavior of such meta-materials. A method to build an explicit, light, and analysis-suitable isogeometric beam model directly from digital images is proposed. More precisely, as a main contribution, the Virtual Image Correlation method is extended to the case of multiple interconnected beams with varying cross-sections. Special care is also given to the initialization for better efficiency and robustness. Synthetic and real examples of increasing complexity, i.e. curved beams, lattices, and foams, are presented to account for the performance of the developed workflow from digital images to an isogeometric twin for mechanical modelling and simulation.
Published: 2024
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30. Orthogonal cutting of TA6V alloys with chamfered tools: Analysis of tool–chip contact lengths

Author: Vincent Wagner, Michel Mousseigne, Olivier Cahuc, Floran Barelli, Raynald Laheurte, Philippe Darnis, Gilles Dessein, Laboratoire Génie de Production (LGP), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Bordeaux (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes (ENIT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Chamfer, Turning, Materials science, Machinability, [PHYS.MECA.GEME]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Mechanical engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Wear, 0203 mechanical engineering, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Tool wear, Orthogonal cutting, Aerospace, Temperatures, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Process (computing), Tool–chip contact length, Titanium alloy, Chip, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, chemistry, Mécanique des matériaux, Chamfered tools, business, Titanium
Abstract: International audience; In aerospace industry, the materials constituting aircraft evolved considerably in recent decades. The choice of composite materials (carbon fiber–reinforced plastic or multi-material) reduces the weight of structures, but for critical parts that support important forces or temperature, the indicated materials are alloys based on nickel or titanium. Consumption of titanium for the aerospace industry is growing rapidly, and the new generations of aircraft show an increase in the percentage of titanium. The TA6V is mostly used for structural parts, especially for engine pylon. Due to its low thermal properties, it shows a poor machinability, leading tools to undergo severe wears. The aim of this work is to understand the relation between cutting conditions and chamfered tool geometries on chip formation and tool wear. Based on a model dedicated to the understanding of cutting process with chamfered tool and on experimental tests, this work will show the influence of feed, cutting speed, chamfer length and rake angle on tool–chip contact lengths. It will also show the influence of these parameters on the variability of these contacts within a same geometry or cutting condition. This will lead to another interpretation of tool wears and pressures on the rake face.
Published: 2016

31. In situ delta ferrite estimation and their effects on FCPR at different orientations of multipass shielded metal arc welded SS304L

Author: Masood Shah, Chuansong Wu, Mudaser Ullah, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and University of Engineering and Technology [Taxila, Pakistan] (UET Taxila)
Subjects: Heat-affected zone, Mechanical characterization, Materials science, Delta ferrite, Austenitic stainless steel, Strategy and Management, Shielded metal arc welding, 02 engineering and technology, Welding, Management Science and Operations Research, engineering.material, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], law, Ferrite (iron), [ SPI ] Engineering Sciences [physics], Austenite, Filler metal, 020502 materials, Metallurgy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Grain growth, 0205 materials engineering, engineering, FCPR, 0210 nano-technology, Multipass SMAW
Abstract: International audience; Solidification and re-solidification with subsequent phase transformation in different welding zones of multipass weldment play a vital role to define mechanical properties of joint structures. To avoid from penetration defects and inclusion contamination in molten metal pool, multipass shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) of SS304L is performed in this research using E308L filler metal. The objective of this research is to investigate out the multiple welding passes effects on microstructural evolution, in situ delta ferrite percentage and different mechanical properties. A metallurgical microscope is used to examine the delta ferrite phase in austenite. Instead of depending on general ferrite number (FN) obtained through rigorous physical attempts, a MATLAB code for image processing is developed to estimate the local percentage of delta ferrite, within the austenitic phase. To reveal delta ferrite effects, its local percentage is discussed in relation to various properties. With the help of this technique, a good estimation is also made to detect the localized delta ferrite morphologies. The fusion zone (FZ) solidified in ferritic-austenitic mode (FA mode) comprises two basic delta ferrite morphologies; lacy and vermicular. Grain growth behavior and ferritic percentage of base metal (BM), heat affected zone (HAZ) and fusion zone (FZ) are discussed in single, double and triple pass weldments. Effects of delta ferrite percentage and morphology on fatigue crack initiation as well propagation are also investigated in different zones of each pass weldment. Fatigue crack propagation rate (FCPR) in different orientation with respect to welding zones is checked and it is noticed that propagation rate is much lower in perpendicular direction as compared to parallel one. Due to specific microstructural pattern, HAZ has greater fatigue crack propagation rate (FCPR) in comparison to BM and FZ. Fatigue crack propagation found highest resistant in triple pass weldment due to high concentration of lacy ferrites. However, in some cases it is found that crack mechanics is actually responsible instead of microstructural effects. (C) 2016 The Society of Manufacturing Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2016

32. Nonlinear supersonic post-flutter motion of panels with adjacent bays and thermal effects

Author: Thiago A.M. Guimarães, Flávio D. Marques, Leonardo Sanches, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Universidade de São Paulo - USP (BRAZIL), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU (BRAZIL), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France), Federal University of Uberlândia [Uberlândia] (UFU), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), and Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Subjects: Supersonic panel flutter, Thermo-buckling loading, 02 engineering and technology, ENGENHARIA MECÂNICA, symbols.namesake, 0203 mechanical engineering, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Supersonic speed, Aeroelasticity, Hopf bifurcation, Physics, Phase portrait, Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Equations of motion, Aerodynamics, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Nonlinear system, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Nonlinear dynamics, symbols, Flutter, Mécanique des matériaux, Rayleigh–Ritz method, 0210 nano-technology, Multi-bay panel flutter
Abstract: International audience; Aerospace vehicle structures in the supersonic regime flight have their outer skin subjected to unsteady aerodynamic and thermal loading, which may lead to aeroelastic instability. Typical aerospace structures are built as multiple adjacent panels, the so-called multi-bay configuration, but early efforts to predict the supersonic flutter were based on a single panel arrangement. This work evaluates the aeroelastic behavior of supersonic multi-bay fluttering panels under thermal effects, aiming to improve the understanding of adjacent panels interaction in the nonlinear regime. The aeroelastic model is established by using the first-order quasi-steady piston theory in conjunction with isotropic panel model using the von Kármán’s assumptions to account for geometrical nonlinearities. The Newmark time-integration method is used to evaluate the resulting equations of motion. The Hopf bifurcation behavior that determines the flutter onset, thermo-buckling loading, phase portrait plots, and bifurcation diagrams for two adjacent panels are presented. The numerical results show the detrimental aspect of thermal loading in the aeroelastic behavior of fluttering panels, and the new findings corroborate with some recent studies that highlight the difference in the nonlinear flutter behavior between a single panel and multi-bay panels. Moreover, the existence of limit cycle oscillations amplitude jumps from a certain level of flow dynamic pressure is also observed. The multi-bay panels configuration also shows the anticipation of the buckled to the limit cycle oscillation solutions, when compared with a single panel analysis. Results indicate that simplified single bay panel assumptions can underestimate the post-flutter oscillations amplitudes of the adjacent bay. Such dynamic behavior may lead to a negative impact on aircraft structural design and fatigue life estimation.
Published: 2020

33. Electro-mechanical Resonant Ice Protection Systems: Analysis of Fracture Propagation Mechanisms

Author: Pierrick Rouset, Elmar Bonaccurso, Valérie Pommier-Budinger, Marc Budinger, Fabien Dezitter, Lokman Bennani, Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département de Mathématiques, Informatique, Automatique (DMIA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), ONERA / DMPE, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Airbus central R&T, AI research, Airbus Helicopters, Aeroport International de Marseille-Provence, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (SUPAERO), Ecole Nationale de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Airbus [France], Airbus Groups Innovations, Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab ( Toulouse ), ONERA, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)
Subjects: Materials science, TENSILE STRESS, Modal analysis, SHEAR STRESS, Adhesive, Aerospace Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Ice protection systems, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Physics::Geophysics, Stress (mechanics), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0203 mechanical engineering, [ SPI.NRJ ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 0103 physical sciences, Shear stress, Deicing, ELECTROMECHANICAL DE-ICING SYSTEMS, Automatique / Robotique, Stress intensity factor, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Strain energy release rate, COHESIVE AND ADHESIVE FRACTURES, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Ice protection system, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS, Cohesive, Fracture mechanics, Mechanics, Fracture, Fracture (geology), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Energy release rate
Abstract: International audience; Recent research is showing growing interest in low-power electromechanical de-icing systems and, in particular, de-icing systems based on piezoelectric actuators. These systems use the vibrations generated by piezoelectric actuators at resonance frequencies to produce shear stress at the interface between the ice and the support or to produce tensile stress in the ice. This paper provides analytical and numerical models enabling a better understanding of the main de-icing mechanisms of resonant actuation systems. Different possible ice-shedding mechanisms involving cohesive and adhesive fractures are analyzed with an approach combining modal, stress, and crack propagation analyses. Simple analytical models are proposed to better understand the effects on ice shedding of the type of mode, ice thickness, or frequency with respect to cohesive and adhesive fractures.
Published: 2018

34. An EGO-like Optimization Framework for Sensor Placement Optimization in Modal Analysis

Author: Joseph Morlier, Aniello Basile, Miguel Charlotte, Ankit Chiplunkar, Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux ( DMSM ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ), Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ) -Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Optimization problem, Computer science, Modal analysis, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 0201 civil engineering, Reduction (complexity), 0203 mechanical engineering, Kriging, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Civil and Structural Engineering, EGO, Iterative and incremental development, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Metamodeling, Vibration, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Modal, Mechanics of Materials, [ SPI.MECA.MEMA ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Signal Processing, Sensor placement optimization, Mécanique des matériaux, Algorithm
Abstract: International audience; In aircraft design, Ground/Flight Vibration Tests (GVT/FVT) are conducted to extract aircraft's modal parameters (natural frequencies, damping ratios and mode shapes) also known as the modal basis. The main problem in aircraft modal identification is the large number of sensors needed, which increases operational time and costs. The goal of this paper is to minimize the number of sensors by optimizing their locations in order to reconstruct a truncated modal basis of N mode shapes with a high level of accuracy in the reconstruction. There are several methods to solve Sensors Placement Optimization (SPO) problems, but for this case an original approach has been established based on an iterative process for mode shapes reconstruction through an adaptive Kriging Metamodeling approach so-called EGO-SPO. The main idea in this publication is to solve an optimization problem where the sensors locations are variables and the objective function is defined by maximizing the trace of criteria so-called AutoMAC. The results on a 2D wing demonstrate a reduction of sensors by 30% using our EGO-SPO strategy.
Published: 2018

35. A Bilevel Methodology for solving a Structural Optimization Problem with both Continuous and Categorical Variables

Author: Dimitri Bettebghor, Pierre-Jean Barjhoux, Stéphane Grihon, Youssef Diouane, Joseph Morlier, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes (DISC), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes - DISC (Toulouse, France), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Mathematical optimization, Continuous and Categorical Design Variables, Optimization problem, Computer science, Computation, Truss, Bilevel Methodology, 02 engineering and technology, Continuous variable, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Structural Optimization, 0203 mechanical engineering, Industrial design, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Key (cryptography), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Sensitivity (control systems), Mécanique des matériaux, Categorical variable
Abstract: International audience; In industrial structural optimization problems, two kinds of variables are involved : continuous variables, like geometrical parameters, and categorical variables like choices of material and cross-sectional shapes. A key difficulty of this kind of problem is the sensitivity of the computation cost with respect to the number of categorical design variables. In this article, a new methodology is proposed to address this mixed continuous-categorical structural optimization problem. For this purpose, a 10-bar truss test case representative for industrial design is introduced. Promising results have been obtained in terms of computation cost, compared to approaches based on combinatorial algorithms.
Published: 2018

36. Experimental and numerical analysis of the shear nonlinear behaviour of Nomex honeycomb core: Application to insert sizing

Author: Bruno Castanié, Christophe Bouvet, Juan de Dios Rodriguez-Ramirez, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ) -Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux ( DMSM ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)
Subjects: Honeycomb, Shear testing, Materials science, Finite elements, 02 engineering and technology, 0203 mechanical engineering, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Boundary value problem, Civil and Structural Engineering, Nomex honeycomb, Inserts, business.industry, Buckling, Numerical analysis, Structural engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Sizing, Finite element method, Nonlinear system, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Shear (geology), [ SPI.MECA.MEMA ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Ceramics and Composites, Mécanique des matériaux, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; This work is a contribution to the understanding of the nonlinear shear behaviour caused by cell postbuckling inNomex honeycomb cores. First, an experimental benchmark study was made of different designs for the sheartesting of honeycomb cores. Then, several test specimens were fabricated and tested, a 3D DIC system being usedto measure and record the displacements. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was also used to identify the onsetof bucking and collapse of the cells. The influence of the overall boundary conditions of shear tests on thebuckling of the cells is presented both experimentally and numerically. The reversibility and test procedureresults suggest that it may be possible to allow the shear strength to be increased by up to 35% under certainconditions.
Published: 2018

37. A new numerical strategy for SPF pressure profile computing based on statistical strain rate controlling

Author: Luc Penazzi, Sylvie Gallet, Maxime Rollin, Vincent Velay, Alain Dupuy, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ), and AIRBUS
Subjects: Optimization, Computer science, Industrial strategy, Superplasticity, 02 engineering and technology, Superplastic forming, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Control theory, [ SPI ] Engineering Sciences [physics], General Materials Science, Civil and Structural Engineering, Strain Rate Distribution, Optimization algorithm, 020502 materials, Mechanical Engineering, Titanium alloy, Strain rate, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Finite element method, Distribution (mathematics), 0205 materials engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Gravitational singularity, 0210 nano-technology, Finite Element Modeling
Abstract: International audience; This paper investigates the designing of Superplastic Forming pressure cycles in order to propose rapid forming sequences that suit industrial strategy, and which enable the control of microstructure evolutions. An optimization algorithm using ABAQUS® coupled with MATLAB® has been developed in order to improve forming cycles while allowing superplasticity. The numerical strategy is based on an algorithm controlling a statistical maximum of the distribution of strain rate of non-formed elements of part mesh instead of the maximum strain rate on the whole mesh for classical optimization algorithms. The objective of this method is to exclude numerical singularities that are used for pressure controlling in traditional techniques. This paper details firstly the new algorithm and then presents numerical and experimental results for different forming conditions obtained from industrial, classical, and optimized pressure cycles. These tests were performed on Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys.
Published: 2018

38. Low-frequency chatter genesis during inclined surface copy-milling with ball-end mill: Experimental study

Author: Yann Landon, Vincent Wagner, Oleksii Shtehin, Gilles Dessein, Michel Mousseigne, Sébastien Seguy, Zhytomyr State Technological University, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Laboratoire Génie de Production (LGP), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Institut Mines-Télécom (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Zhytomyr State Technological University (UKRAINE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes (ENIT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Materials science, Depth of cut, Mechanical Engineering, Low frequency vibration, Stability analysis, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, Low frequency, Low immersion milling, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Vibration, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Machined surface, 0203 mechanical engineering, Machining, Computer Science::Systems and Control, Ball-end milling, Ball (bearing), End mill, Chatter, General Materials Science, Mécanique des matériaux
Abstract: International audience; In this study low-frequency chatter during machining of inclined surfaces with ball-end mills is experimentally investigated. An explanation of genesis of low-frequency vibrations have been proposed for various conditions: cutting direction; lead angle values; spindle speed; depth of cut. As a result, it has been proven that low-frequency chatter has more significant effect on machined surface than usual chatter. Low-frequency chatter occurs during downward milling, rather than upward milling, especially when lead angle increases. Furthermore, low-frequency chatter takes place in a beginning of cutting process, thereafter develops into steady state of usual chatter, which has no such significant effect on machined surface, as it has been shown. The results are in line with the supposition that low frequency vibrations are caused by sudden and irregular nature of shearing process, when magnitude is small.
Published: 2018

39. Chaotic characteristic of a linear oscillator coupled with vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink

Author: Alain Berlioz, Claude-Henri Lamarque, Tao Li, Sébastien Seguy, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French Ministry of Science and the Chinese Scholarship Council underGrant No. 20130449 0063, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne (ENISE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ), Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes ( LTDS ), École Centrale de Lyon ( ECL ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Chaotic, Aerospace Engineering, Impact damper, Ocean Engineering, Lyapunov exponent, 01 natural sciences, Sink (geography), 010305 fluids & plasmas, symbols.namesake, Targeted energy transfer, 0103 physical sciences, [ SPI ] Engineering Sciences [physics], Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010301 acoustics, Physics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Mathematical analysis, Nonlinear energy sink, [SPI.MECA.VIBR]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], Nonlinear Sciences::Chaotic Dynamics, Vibro-impact, Nonlinear system, [ PHYS.MECA.VIBR ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], Control and Systems Engineering, symbols, Chaos
Abstract: International audience; The chaotic characteristic of a system with vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink is studied here. An analytical method is developed to calculate Lyapunovexponent. The mechanism by which impact results in chaos is further clarified rather than only by the calculation of Lyapunov exponent. In addition, an approach to identifying Lyapunov exponents from experimental data is proposed, and the estimated results are consistent with numerical results.
Published: 2018

40. Residual error based adaptive mesh refinement with the non-intrusive patch algorithm

Author: Michel Salaün, Alexei Lozinski, Jean-Charles Passieux, Mickaël Duval, Calcul en Midi-Pyrénées ( CALMIP ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -PRES Université de Toulouse-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Mathématiques de Besançon ( LMB ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Franche-Comté (FRANCE), Calcul en Midi-Pyrénées (CALMIP), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-PRES Université de Toulouse-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Mathématiques de Besançon (UMR 6623) (LMB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), ANR-12-MONU-0002,ICARE,Interfaces Généralisées et Couplage non intrusif : application de codes de recherche au sein de codes industriels pour l'analyse de structures fortement non linéaires(2012), Calcul en Midi-Pyrénée (CALMIP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-PRES Université de Toulouse-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: Multiscale, Mathematical optimization, Computer science, Finite elements, Computational Mechanics, General Physics and Astronomy, [ SPI.MECA.STRU ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph], 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, Finite Elements, Mesh refinement, Residual, 01 natural sciences, Mathématiques générales, Error estimation, Convergence (routing), Non-intrusive coupling, 0101 mathematics, Adaptive mesh refinement, Mechanical Engineering, Process (computing), Estimator, Finite element method, Computer Science Applications, 010101 applied mathematics, Mechanics of Materials, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Algorithm
Abstract: International audience; This paper deals with the introduction of mesh refinement techniques within the non-intrusive patch process. For this, an ad hoc residual based explicit error estimator is built, which is adapted to a multi-scale solution, associated with those non-intrusive mesh refinement technique. Moreover, to reduce the global cost of the process, one introduces an estimate of the convergence error of the non-intrusive algorithm, which allows to reduce the number of iterations. This method is discussed and illustrated on various numerical examples.
Published: 2018

41. Noncircular CFRP bicycle’s chainring. part I: static and low-velocity impact analysis

Author: Christophe Bouvet, Zhorachaid Thanawarothon, Laurent Mezeix, Paripat Pairat, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Faculty of Informatics, Burapha University, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Burapha University (THAILAND), Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency - GISTDA (THAILAND), and Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: Materials science, Matériaux et structures en mécanique, Failure, Epoxy, [SPI.MECA.MSMECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph], Noncircular chainring, Low-velocity impact, Mechanics of Materials, visual_art, Drop tests, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Impact energy, Composite material, CFRP, Experiments, Tensile testing
Abstract: International audience; The paper presents an experimental analysis to determine the teeth failure of noncircular composite chainring. A noncircular carbon/epoxy chainring with a specific stacking of 11 plies is studied. In a first step, a quasi-static tensile test is realized on the chain and on the chainring to determine their strength. As the damage of composites is a major concern, as a second step the low-velocity/low-energy impact drop tests are performed. Five levels of impact energy are investigated in order to study the energy effect on the teeth damage, and the damage localization is analyzed using C-Scan. Quasi-static results show that the metallic chain fails first. Experimental impact results reveal that teeth damage is presented only for an impact higher than 1.6 J. Finally, the total teeth failure appears for an energy close to 2.5 J.
Published: 2018

42. Bird strike shielding materials: development of a high velocity impact test platform

Author: Barriere, Ludovic, Bouquet, Michel, Ferrero, Jean-François, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), SAMPE Europe, Matériaux / Compinnov TD, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Matériaux, Substitute bird, Bird strike, 3D-DIC, Test platform
Abstract: International audience; Commercial aircraft structures are exposed to bird strike events causing serious damages. Certification is thus required by regulation organizations and tests are performed using gas guns and birds of mass 1,8kg (JAR 25.631) (or 3,6kg for tail parts), which are launched at approximately 175m/s. In the design phase, modelling and simulation are rather used to assess and optimize the response of materials and structures under bird strike. However, it is difficult to correlate simulations with tests because of the very limited availability of test platforms for characterization and qualification from the smallest coupons to shielded structural component. The purpose of our work is to set up a test platform in close partnership with Institut Clément Ader (ICA), equipped with advanced metrology and combined with a virtual testing approach for correlation of tests and simulations up to 1m scale shielding concepts. New bird strike shielding materials could then be further developed at a lower cost in reduced time frames. Nonetheless the platform and virtual testing approach could be derived to other high velocity impacts (hail, engine debris, tire debris).
Published: 2018

43. Exploration and Sizing of a Large Passenger Aircraft with Distributed Ducted Electric Fans

Author: Emmanuel Benard, Alessandro Sgueglia, Nathalie Bartoli, Joseph Morlier, Olivier Atinault, Peter Schmollgruber, ONERA, Université de Toulouse ( ONERA, Université de Toulouse (F-31055 Toulouse - France) ), ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay ( DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (F-92190 Meudon - France) ), ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ), Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Meudon], Département Conception et conduite des véhicules Aéronautiques et Spatiaux (DCAS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)
Subjects: 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, Aerodynamics, Hybrid aircraft, Propulsion, Sizing tool, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Automotive engineering, Sizing, 010305 fluids & plasmas, 0203 mechanical engineering, Work (electrical), Electrically powered spacecraft propulsion, visual_art, Electric aircraft, [ PHYS.MECA.MEMA ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Electronic component, Airframe, Fast, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], visual_art.visual_art_medium, Energy source
Abstract: International audience; In order to reduce the CO2 emissions, a disruptive concept in aircraft propulsion has to be considered. As studied in the past years hybrid distributed electric propulsion is a promising option. In this work the feasibility of a new concept aircraft, using this technol- ogy, has been studied. Two different energy sources have been used: fuel based engines and batteries. The latters have been chosen because of their flexibility during operations and their promising improvements over next years. The technological horizon considered in this study is the 2035: thus some critical hypotheses have been made for electrical compo- nents, airframe and propulsion. Due to the uncertainty associated to these data, sensivity analyses have been performed in order to assess the impact of technologies variations. To evaluate the advantages of the proposed concept, a comparison with a conventional aircraft (EIS 2035), based on evolutions of today’s technology (airframe, propulsion, aerodynamics) has been made.
Published: 2018

44. Noncircular CFRP bicycle’s chainring, part II: finite element analysis

Author: Zhorachaid Thanawarothon, Christophe Bouvet, Laurent Mezeix, Abdelrahman Elmikaty, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Faculty of Informatics, Burapha University, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Burapha University (THAILAND), and Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: Materials science, Computer simulation, business.industry, Composite number, Matériaux et structures en mécanique, Structural engineering, [SPI.MECA.MSMECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph], Noncircular chainring, Finite element method, Mechanics of Materials, Position (vector), Ceramics and Composites, Composite material, CFRP, business, Matrix cracking, FEA
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, numerical simulation is developed in order to analyze the failure of a noncircular composite chainring, and teeth damage is especially detailed. Simulation consists of the chainring and a part of the metallic chain. To reduce the size of the numerical model only the first 11 rollers are simulated. In order to validate the numerical simulation, the force–displacement curve is compared with the experimental results obtained on the same specimens used in the simulation. Then, the effect of the noncircular shape is studied through three different loading positions, anda damage scenario is proposed. Moreover, the effect of composite lay-up is investigated through different lay-ups. The results show that the loading position has no influence on the chainring behavior, while the damage scenario depends on it. The damage consists of matrix cracking located on the teeth surface. Finally, the thickness can be reduced to 9 plies lay-up and even if the damage is larger, it is always located on the teeth surface.
Published: 2018

45. Efficient Global Optimization for high-dimensional constrained problems by using the Kriging models combined with the Partial Least Squares method

Author: Rommel G. Regis, Joseph Morlier, Mohamed Amine Bouhlel, Nathalie Bartoli, Abdelkader Otsmane, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Saint Joseph's University, SNECMA [Paris], SAFRAN Group, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Saint Joseph's University (USA), Société nationale d'étude et de constructions de moteurs d'avion - SNECMA (FRANCE), University of Michigan - U-M (USA), and Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: Optimization, KPLS, Mathematical optimization, Control and Optimization, Computer science, SURROGATE BASED OPTIMIZATION, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], 0211 other engineering and technologies, Evolutionary algorithm, 02 engineering and technology, KRIGEAGE, Management Science and Operations Research, DE REGRESSION DES MOINDRES CARRES PARTIELS, Partial Least Squares, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Engineering optimization, Surrogate model, Autre, Kriging, Partial least squares regression, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Global optimization, 021103 operations research, Applied Mathematics, EXPECTED IMPROVEMENT, PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES, Function (mathematics), KRIGING, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Computer Science Applications, OPTIMISATION PAR METAMODELE, Benchmark (computing), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Expected Improvement
Abstract: International audience; In many engineering optimization problems, the number of function evaluations is often very limited because of the computational cost to run one high-fidelity numerical simulation. Using a classic optimization algorithm, such as a derivative-based algorithm or an evolutionary algorithm, directly on a computational model is not suitable in this case. A common approach to addressing this challenge is to use black-box surrogate modelling techniques. The most popular surrogate-based optimization algorithm is the efficient global optimization (EGO) algorithm, which is an iterative sampling algorithm that adds one (or many) point(s) per iteration. This algorithm is often based on an infill sampling criterion, called expected improvement, which represents a trade-off between promising and uncertain areas. Many studies have shown the efficiency of EGO, particularly when the number of input variables is relatively low. However, its performance on high-dimensional problems is still poor since the Kriging models used are time-consuming to build. To deal with this issue, this article introduces a surrogate-based optimization method that is suited to high-dimensional problems. The method first uses the ‘locating the regional extreme’ criterion, which incorporates minimizing the surrogate model while also maximizing the expected improvement criterion. Then, it replaces the Kriging models by the KPLS(+K) models (Kriging combined with the partial least squares method), which are more suitable for high-dimensional problems. Finally, the proposed approach is validated by a comparison with alternative methods existing in the literature on some analytical functions and on 12-dimensional and 50-dimensional instances of the benchmark automotive problem ‘MOPTA08’.; Dans beaucoup de problèmes d'optimisation d'ingénierie, le nombre d'évaluations de fonction est souvent très limité en raison du coût informatique dès lors que des simulations numériques haute-fidélité sont envisagées. L’utilisation d’un algorithme d'optimisation classique, tel qu'un algorithme basé sur la connaissance des dérivées ou un algorithme évolutionnaire, directement sur le code de calcul, n'est pas approprié dans ce cas. Pour minimiser le nombre d’appels au code de calcul couteux, l’idée est d’utiliser des approches basées sur les métamodèles, comme la méthode EGO (Efficient Global Optimization) qui est un algorithme itératif d'échantillonnage qui ajoute un (ou beaucoup) point par itération. Cet algorithme est souvent basé sur un critère d'échantillonnage, appelé l'amélioration espérée, qui représente un compromis entre les zones prometteuses et incertaines. Cet algorithme a été développé la première fois pour des problèmes d'optimisation sans contrainte et ensuite étendu aux problèmes d'optimisation sous contraintes. Beaucoup d'études ont montré l'efficacité de la méthode EGO , en particulier quand le nombre de variables d'entrée est relativement bas. Cependant, sa représentation sur des problèmes de grande dimension est encore limité puisque les modèles de Krigeage utilisés sont couteux à construire. Pour traiter cette question, ce document présente une méthode d'optimisation basée sur les méta-modèles adaptée aux problèmes de grande dimension . À cet effet, nous employons un critère d’enrichissement qui combine à la fois la valeur du modèle réduit et le critère d’amélioration espérée. Nous remplaçons également les modèles de Krigeage par les modèles KPLS (+K) (modèles de Krigeage combinés avec la méthode des moindres carrés partiels) qui sont plus appropriés aux problèmes en grande dimension. Nous validons finalement notre approche par une comparaison avec des approches de la littérature sur quelques fonctions analytiques et sur le problème « MOTPA08» d’optimisation d’un véhicule en dimension 12 et 50.
Published: 2018

46. A microscopy study of nickel-based superalloys performance in type I hot corrosion conditions

Author: Manon Waeytens, Adnan. U. Syed, Tracey Roberts, Fabian Duarte Martinez, Simon Gray, John.R. Nicholls, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Cranfield University
Subjects: corrosion resistance, Mechanical Engineering, Metals and Alloys, scanning electron microscope, nickel alloy, Condensed Matter Physics, type I hot corrosion, energy dispersive X-ray, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Mechanics of Materials, Type I hot corrosion, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, chromium
Abstract: International audience; Alloy material selection for sustainable, efficient, and cost-effective use in components is a key requirement for both power generation and aerospace sectors. Superalloys are manufactured using a combination of different elements, selected carefully to balance mechanical performance and environmental resistance to be used in a variety of different service conditions. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of each element is critical to alloy design. In this paper, the interaction of alloy chemistry, particularly chromium as a corrosion-resistant element along with titanium and molybdenum, and their effect on alloys performance for the relevant gas turbine industries were discussed. Based on the findings, the single-crystal alloy is found to be a better corrosion resistant alloy exhibited higher corrosion resistance in comparison to polycrystal alloys and proved that microstructure has a significant impact on alloy performance. This study also established that molybdenum level in chromia former alloys can significantly enhance the corrosion damage.
Published: 2023

47. Integrated modeling of heat transfer, shear rate, and viscosity for simulation-based characterization of polymer coalescence during material extrusion

Author: Shahriar Bakrani Balani, Hossein Mokhtarian, Eric Coatanéa, France Chabert, Valérie Nassiet, Arthur Cantarel, Tampere University, Automation Technology and Mechanical Engineering, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: 214 Mechanical engineering, 213 Electronic, automation and communications engineering, electronics, Strategy and Management, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], Management Science and Operations Research, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract: The material extrusion process (MEX), also known as the fused filament fabrication process, has attracted attention in the manufacturing industry. A major obstacle to further application of the technology is the lack of mechanical strength due to the weak interlayer strength and poor coalescence between the adjacent beads. Understanding the effect of printing parameters on the coalescence of the adjacent beads is a step toward the improvement of the process. In this study, a novel two-phase flow numerical simulation approach coupled with heat transfer simulation has been applied to the high-viscosity polymers to determine the coalescence in the MEX process. The influence of printing temperature, substrate temperature, and the temperature of the printing chamber, as well as material deposition strategy (unidirectional and bidirectional) on the coalescence of the beads, has been investigated by numerical simulation and validated by experimental study. The modeling approach is applied to Glycerol, Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and Polylactic acid (PLA). The results show that increasing temperature points (substrate temperature, chamber temperature, and printing temperature), increase the coalescence between the beads in the MEX process. The heat transfer model reveals that the cooling rate of the deposited bead in the MEX process is relatively high, and hence, the time window for reaching the coalescence between beads/layers is short. The heat transfer model also indicates that deposition of the further layers and beads does not influence the coalescence. The coalescence in the bidirectional deposition is higher compared to the unidirectional all conditions remaining similar. Unidirectional deposition leads to a uniform coalescence between the beads. However, the coalescence is not uniform for bidirectional deposition. The main novelty of this research is to simultaneously model heat transfer, shear rate and coalescence for numerical simulation to study the effect of printing parameters on the coalescence in the MEX process. Since the modeling of coalescence is time-consuming, two empirical equations based on obtained results have been proposed to predict the coalescence for PLA and PEEK separately. publishedVersion
Published: 2023

48. A new chain-processing-based computer vision system for automatic checking of machining set-up application for machine tools safety

Author: Thierry Simon, Bilal Karabagli, Jean-José Orteu, Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering drawing, Engineering, Machine tool safety, business.product_category, Computer-vision-based inspection, CAD, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 02 engineering and technology, Automatic checking, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Machining set-up, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Machining, Robustness (computer science), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Computer vision, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Collision, Computer Science Applications, Machine tool, Single camera, Control and Systems Engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Software
Abstract: In high-speed machining, it is of key importance to avoid any collision between the machine tool and the machining set-up. If the machining set-up has not been assembled correctly by the operator and does not conform to the 3D CAD model used to compute the 3D trajectory sent to the machining unit, such collisions may occur. This paper presents a new chain-processing-based computer vision system to automatically avoid collision between tool and machining set-up components by checking that the actual machining set-up is in conformity with the desired 3D CAD model used to generate the tool trajectory. This computer vision system utilizes a single camera to automatically check conformity before the start of the machining operation. The proposed solution was tested in different kinds of machining set-ups, and each step of the proposed chain was evaluated. The results show the robustness of the solution for different kinds of machining set-ups.
Published: 2015

49. Experimental investigation of impacted multidirectional laminates under compressive static and cyclic loading

Author: Jia, Zijiao, Garnier, Christian, Pastor, Marie-Laetitia, Rousseau, Jérôme, Gong, Xiaojing, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire Génie de Production (LGP), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes (ENIT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Département de Recherche en Ingénierie des Véhicules pour l'Environnement [Nevers] (DRIVE), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], QIQH laminates, Impact damage, Post-impact compression fatigue, Infrared thermography
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, the static and fatigue behaviors under compression of Multi-Directional (MD) Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminates with impact damage were investigated. After low-velocity impact performed on three 24-ply Quasi-Isotropic Quasi-Homogeneous (QIQH) laminates having different stacking sequences, the influence of the distribution of interfaces between two plies on the compression after impact and post-impact compression fatigue properties was evaluated. The damages on the surfaces and internal delamination were accessed via visual and optical observation and ultrasonic C-scan inspection. The thermographic approach, which has been developed and validated on numerous non-impacted composite materials, was applied for the rapid determination of the fatigue limit together with the S-N curves of post-impact fatigue specimens.Experimental results showed that with 5 J impact energy, the three stacking sequences gave similar impact results. The residual strengths measured by compression after impact tests were also similar to each other, so did the global damage modes. The determined fatigue limits of impacted specimens of different stacking sequences were nearly identical and the predicted S-N curves were also close to each other despite the exact crack propagation and orientation were not the same, under both compressive static and cyclic loads.
Published: 2023

50. An Empirical Approach for Mechanical Behavior Characterization of a Small Diameter Cold-Drawn Steel Wire with a Three-Point Bending Test

Author: Julien Vaïssette, Manuel Paredes, Catherine Mabru, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: 3-point bending test, characterization approach, [PHYS.MECA.GEME]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Cold-drawn wire, Cold-drawn wire 3-point bending test characterization approach
Abstract: International audience; Industrial spring manufacturers have increasingly high production rates with ever finer dimensional requirements. Today, they use tensile tests to evaluate the mechanical behavior of the wires they use to produce their springs. However, this type of test is not easy to handle in an industrial context, because of all the requirements needed for tensile testing, especially when it is done on small diameter wires. Thus, spring manufacturers are interested in replacing the conventional tensile testing by a much simpler and quicker testing. This work proposes an empirical approach for mechanical behavior characterization of small diameter wires, which relies on a three-point bending test and a material isotropy assumption. This approach is designed to fit into an industrial process because it offers a sufficiently accurate characterization of the wires for industrial purpose, and it avoids the biases that can be introduced by the tensile testing method. In this article, this characterization approach was applied to a cold-drawn 0.8mm wire, made of AISI 302 austenitic steel, with very satisfying results.
Published: 2023

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