28 results on '"Khani Y"'
Search Results
2. Interevent times estimation of major and continuous earthquakes in Hormozgan region based on radial basis function neural network
- Author
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Mosavi, M.R., Kavei, M., Shabani, M., and Hatem Khani, Y.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Synthesis of a novel 3 %Ru/CeZr0.5GdO4 nanocatalyst and its application in the dry and steam reforming of methane
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Shariatinia, Z., Khani, Y., and Bahadoran, F.
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- 2016
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4. B.03 Safety and effectiveness of insular resections for drug-resistant epilepsy
- Author
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Vuddagiri, S, primary, Bello-Espinosa, L, additional, Singh, S, additional, Wiebe, S, additional, Agha-khani, Y, additional, Yves, S, additional, and Walter, H, additional
- Published
- 2017
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5. Synthesis of a novel 3 %Ru/CeZr0.5GdO4 nanocatalyst and its application in the dry and steam reforming of methane
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Shariatinia, Z., primary, Khani, Y., additional, and Bahadoran, F., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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6. Optimization of callus induction in pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium)
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Darvishi, E., Kazemi, E., Kahrizi, D., Sohbat Bahraminejad, Mansouri, M., Chaghakaboudi, S. R., and Khani, Y.
7. Labeling of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) Inhibitor [ 11 C]BIO-2008846 in Three Different Positions and Measurement in NHP Using PET.
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Nag S, Datta P, Morén AF, Khani Y, Martarello L, Kaliszczak M, and Halldin C
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- Animals, Tissue Distribution, Radiopharmaceuticals chemistry, Radiopharmaceuticals pharmacokinetics, Male, Macaca mulatta, Pyrimidines metabolism, Pyrimidines pharmacokinetics, Humans, Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase antagonists & inhibitors, Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase metabolism, Positron-Emission Tomography methods, Carbon Radioisotopes, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Brain metabolism, Brain diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is pivotal in B-cell signaling and a target for potential anti-cancer and immunological disorder therapies. Improved selective reversible BTK inhibitors are in demand due to the absence of direct BTK engagement measurement tools. Promisingly, PET imaging can non-invasively evaluate BTK expression. In this study, radiolabeled BIO-2008846 ([
11 C]BIO-2008846-A), a BTK inhibitor, was used for PET imaging in NHPs to track brain biodistribution. Radiolabeling BIO-2008846 with carbon-11, alongside four PET scans on two NHPs each, showed a homogeneous distribution of [11 C]BIO-2008846-A in NHP brains. Brain uptake ranged from 1.8% ID at baseline to a maximum of 3.2% post-pretreatment. The study found no significant decrease in regional VT values post-dose, implying minimal specific binding of [11 C]BIO-2008846-A compared to free and non-specific components in the brain. Radiometabolite analysis revealed polar metabolites with 10% unchanged radioligand after 30 min. The research highlighted strong brain uptake despite minor distribution variability, confirming passive diffusion kinetics dominated by free and non-specific binding.- Published
- 2024
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8. Production of biodiesel via esterification of coffee waste-derived bio-oil using sulfonated catalysts.
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Valizadeh S, Valizadeh B, Khani Y, Jae J, Hyun Ko C, and Park YK
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- Esterification, Catalysis, Sulfonic Acids chemistry, Waste Products, Esters chemistry, Plant Oils chemistry, Polyphenols, Biofuels, Coffee chemistry
- Abstract
Catalytic esterification of acid-rich coffee waste-derived bio-oil was performed using sulfonated metal oxide catalysts (Al
2 O3 , MgO, ZrO2 , and TiO2 ) and ethanol to produce fatty acid alkyl esters. The potential of the sulfonated catalysts for esterification decreased in the following order: Ti-SO4 > Zr-SO4 > Al-SO4 > Mg-SO4 . Particularly, Ti-SO4 and Zr-SO4 resulted in 91.2 % (peak area %) and 85.2 % esters, respectively. This is attributed to the contributions of well-dispersed Brønsted acid sites created by -SO3 H functional groups, additional Lewis acid sites formed by Ti and Zr oxides, and their appropriate pore size. Compared with HCl and H3 PO4 , the use of H2 SO4 for TiO2 treatment significantly enhanced ester formation. When using Ti-SO4 , increasing the catalyst-to-feedstock ratio (1/2 ∼ 1/10) significantly increased the esters' selectivity (38.7 %∼94.7 %). Ethanol utilization caused a superior selectivity for esters than methanol, while the increasing temperature favored ester production. This study proposes an eco-friendly and practical method for biodiesel generation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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9. Burden of esophageal cancer between 2010 and 2019 in Asian countries by geographical region and sociodemographic index: A comparison with global data.
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Mazidimoradi A, Amiri S, Khani Y, Allahqoli L, and Salehiniya H
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- Humans, Male, Female, Aged, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Asia epidemiology, Risk Factors, China, Incidence, Esophageal Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to describe the trends in incidence, mortality, and burden of esophageal cancer (EC) in Asia from 2010 through 2019 and compare with other global continental data., Methods: We collected EC data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study from 2010 to 2019 in 49 countries and territories in Asia based on the sociodemographic index (SDI). For all locations, annual case data and age-standardized rates (ASRs) were extracted to investigate the EC incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). The ASR relative difference (%) between years and the male/female (M/F) ratio were calculated. Data are reported in values and 95% uncertainty interval (UI)., Results: In 2019, more than 70% of EC new cases, deaths, prevalence, and DALYs occurred in Asian countries. From 2010 to 2019, incidences, deaths, prevalence cases, and DALY number of EC increased over 1.10-, 1.07-, 1.14-, and 1.03-fold, in Asia. During this period, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized death rate (ASDR), age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and age-standardized DALYs rate (DALYs ASR) of EC decreased by 18, 21, 14, and 22%, respectively. The rate of decline in Asia is higher than in the world and other continents. In 2019, age-specific incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY cases of EC cancer peaked at 65-74, 70-74, 65-69, and 65-69 years, respectively. In 2019, the highest ASIR, ASDR, ASPR, and DALYs ASR of EC were observed in East Asian countries, while having the highest decreasing trend. In 2019, among high SDI Asian countries, Taiwan had the highest ASIR, ASPR, and DALYs ASR, and the United Arab Emirates had the highest ASDR. Among high-middle SDIs, Kazakhstan had the highest ASIR, ASPR, ASDR, and DALYs ASR; among middle SDIs, China had the highest ASIR, ASDR, and ASPR, and Viet Nam had the highest DALYs ASR; among low-middle SDIs, Mongolia had the highest ASIR, ASDR, ASPR, and DALY ASR of EC cancer. Among low SDI Asian countries, Pakistan had the highest ASIR and ASPR, and DALY ASR for EC cancer. For four indicators, in most countries, the ratio of men was higher than women, and in some countries, this ratio reached more than 10 times., Conclusion: Although the rate of decline in incidence, death, prevalence and burden of EC in Asia was higher than in other areas in the last 10 years, more than 70% of these amounts occur in Asia. Therefore, it appears that adopting appropriate strategies in the field of identifying and controlling modifiable risk factors for EC, implementing screening programs, and timely diagnosis and treatment will help in reducing the burden of this disease in Asian countries., (© 2023 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
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10. Current status and temporal trend in incidence, death, and burden of esophageal cancer from 1990-2019.
- Author
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Mazidimoradi A, Banakar N, Khani Y, Allahqoli L, and Salehiniya H
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- Humans, Male, Female, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Incidence, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Risk Factors, Global Health, Esophageal Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the world's most unknown and deadly cancers. This study aimed to provide updated epidemiological indicators and the recent trend of EC by age group, gender, and geographical region in the world., Methods: Annual case data and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of epidemiological indicators of EC were collected from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study from 1990 to 2019 in 204 countries and territories based on the sociodemographic index (SDI). Relative difference (%), average annual percentage change (AAPC), and the male/female ratio were calculated. Data are reported in values and 95% confidence interval (CI)., Results: EC age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) decreased by 19%, age-standardized death rates (ASDR) decreased by 25%, and disability-adjusted life-years ASR (DALYs ASR) decreased by 30% from 1990 to 2019. The higher number of EC cases was in men aged 50 to 69 years and in women aged over 70. From 1990 to 2019, Middle SDI countries experienced a decline in the ASIR and ASDR of EC. The High SDI countries had an increasing ASDR trend. In World Bank High-Income countries, the ASIR of EC has remained unchanged and decreased in other regions. The Asia continent has the highest rate of incidence, mortality, and burden of EC and the highest rate of reduction. East Asia, Southern Sub-Saharan Africa, and Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa respectively have the highest ASIR of EC. Central Asia has experienced the greatest decrease in the ASIR and ASDR of EC, the countries of Central Europe had a steady ASIR and High-Income North America had an increasing trend in ASIR and ASDR. The burden of EC shows a decreasing trend worldwide. Central and East Asia regions have the highest rate and the highest increase in the burden of EC., Conclusion: Based on great variation in the geographical distribution of epidemiological indicators of EC, investigating the reasons for this diversity requires more studies to be conducted in the field of prevention, distribution of risk factors, and implementation of screening methods with high cost-effectiveness, and access to treatment methods. The provision of regional solutions may be more effective than global strategies., (© 2023 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
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11. Thermocatalytic conversion of wood-plastic composite over HZSM-5 catalysts.
- Author
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Seo J, Kim H, Jeon S, Valizadeh S, Khani Y, Jeon BH, Rhee GH, Chen WH, Lam S, Khan MA, and Park YK
- Subjects
- Wood, Temperature, Catalysis, Silicon Dioxide, Plastics
- Abstract
Air gasification of the Wood-Plastic Composite (WPC) was performed over Ni-loaded HZSM-5 catalysts to generate H
2 -rich gas. Increasing SiO2 /Al2 O3 ratio (SAR) of HZSM-5 adversely affected catalytic activity, where the highest gas yield (51.38 wt%) and H2 selectivity (27.01 vol%) were acquired using 20 %Ni/HZSM-5(30) than those produced over 20 %Ni/HZSM-5(80) and 20 %Ni/HZSM-5(280). Reducing SAR was also favorably conducive to increasing the acyclic at the expense of cyclic compounds in oil products. These phenomena are attributed to enhanced acid strength and Ni dispersion of 20 %Ni/HZSM-5(30) catalyst. Moreover, catalytic activity in the terms of gas yield and H2 selectivity enhanced with growing Ni loading to 20 %. Also, the addition of promoters (Cu and Ca) to 20 %Ni/HZSM-5(30) boosted the catalytic efficiency for H2 -rich gas generation. Raising temperature indicated a positive relevance with the gas yield and H2 selectivity. WPC valorization via gasification technology would be an outstanding outlook in the terms of a waste-to-energy platform., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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12. Microalgae gasification over Ni loaded perovskites for enhanced biohydrogen generation.
- Author
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Valizadeh S, Khani Y, Farooq A, Kumar G, Show PL, Chen WH, Lee SH, and Park YK
- Subjects
- Hydrogen chemistry, Oxides chemistry, Catalysis, Nickel chemistry, Microalgae
- Abstract
Steam gasification of microalgae upon perovskite oxide-supported nickel (Ni) catalysts was carried out for H
2 -rich gas production. Ni-perovskite oxide catalysts with partial substitution of B in perovskite structures (Ni/CaZrO3 , Ni/Ca(Zr0.8 Ti0.2 )O3 , and Ni/Ca(Zr0.6 Ti0.4 )O3 ) were synthesized and compared with those of the Ni/Al2 O3 catalyst. The perovskite oxide supports improved Ni dispersion by reducing the particle size and strengthening the Ni-support interaction. Higher gas yields and H2 selectivity were obtained using Ni-perovskite oxide catalysts rather than Ni/Al2 O3 . In particular, Ni/Ca(Zr0.8 Ti0.2 )O3 showed the highest activity and selectivity for H2 production because of the synergetic effect of metallic Ni and elements present in the perovskite structures caused by high catalytic activity coupled with enhanced oxygen mobility. Moreover, increasing the temperature promoted the yield of gas and H2 content. Overall, considering the outstanding advantages of perovskite oxides as supports for Ni catalysts is a promising prospect for H2 production via gasification technology., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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13. H 2 generation from steam gasification of swine manure over nickel-loaded perovskite oxides catalysts.
- Author
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Valizadeh S, Khani Y, Yim H, Chai S, Chang D, Farooq A, Show PL, Jeon BH, Khan MA, Jung SC, and Park YK
- Subjects
- Animals, Swine, Nickel, Manure, Oxides, Catalysis, Oxygen, Steam, Coke
- Abstract
In this study, nickel-loaded perovskite oxides catalysts were synthesized via the impregnation of 10%Ni on XTiO
3 (X = Ce, Sr, La, Ba, Ca, and Fe) supports and employed in the catalytic steam gasification of swine manure to produce H2 -rich syngas for the first time. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using BET, H2 -TPR, XRD, HR-TEM, and EDX analysis. Briefly, using perovskite supports resulted in the production of ultrafine catalyst nanoparticles with a uniform dispersion of Ni particles. According to the catalytic activity test, the gas yield showed the increment as 10% Ni/LaTiO3 < 10% Ni/FeTiO3 < 10% Ni/CeTiO3 < 10% Ni/BaTiO3 < 10% Ni/SrTiO3 < 10% Ni/CaTiO3 . Meanwhile, zero coke formation was achieved due to the oxygen mobility of prepared catalysts. Also, the increase in the H2 production for the applied catalysts was in the sequence as 10% Ni/CeTiO3 < 10% Ni/FeTiO3 < 10% Ni/LaTiO3 < 10% Ni/BaTiO3 < 10% Ni/SrTiO3 < 10% Ni/CaTiO3 . The maximum H2 selectivity (∼48 vol%) obtained by10% Ni/CaTiO3 was probably due to the synergistic effect of Ni and Ti on enhancing the water-gas shift reaction, and Ca on creating the maximum oxygen mobility compared to other alkaline earth metals doped at the A place of perovskite. Overall, this study provides a suitable solution for enhanced H2 production through steam gasification of swine manure along with suggesting the appropriate supports to prevent Ni deactivation by lowering coke formation at the same time., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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14. Synthesis, characterization, and methanol steam reforming performance of Cu/perovskite-structured catalysts.
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Mortazavi-Manesh A, Safari N, Bahadoran F, and Khani Y
- Abstract
In the present work, Cu/perovskite-type structures of the general formula Cu/Ca(Zr
x Ti1-x )O3 (x = 1, 0.8, 0.6) were synthesized via sol-gel process and afterwards using wetness impregnation method to prepare copper-based catalysts. The physicochemical properties of the prepared catalysts were studied using XRD, SEM, NH3 -TPD, H2 -TPR and TGA analyses. Structural properties of the catalysts were measured through Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET). These catalytic systems were also found to be highly active, selective and sustainable. In this regard, methanol conversion, H2 selectivity and CO selectivity were investigated and monitored by gas chromatography (GC). A high methanol conversion with a good selectivity of H2 , low CO selectivity and low coke formation were achieved in steam reforming of methanol. Importantly, the morphological features of the synthesized Cu/perovskite-type porous structures contribute in improvement of catalytic activity. An obvious outcome of this study is the remarkable activity of prepared Cu/Ca(Zr0.6 Ti0.4 )O3 catalyst in methanol steam reforming at 300° C due to 98.5% methanol conversion and 85.5% hydrogen selectivity., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2023 The Authors.)- Published
- 2023
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15. Design and Evaluation of [ 18 F]CHDI-650 as a Positron Emission Tomography Ligand to Image Mutant Huntingtin Aggregates.
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Liu L, Johnson PD, Prime ME, Khetarpal V, Brown CJ, Anzillotti L, Bertoglio D, Chen X, Coe S, Davis R, Dickie AP, Esposito S, Gadouleau E, Giles PR, Greenaway C, Haber J, Halldin C, Haller S, Hayes S, Herbst T, Herrmann F, Heßmann M, Hsai MM, Khani Y, Kotey A, Lembo A, Mangette JE, Marriner GA, Marston RW, Mills MR, Monteagudo E, Forsberg-Morén A, Nag S, Orsatti L, Sandiego C, Schaertl S, Sproston J, Staelens S, Tookey J, Turner PA, Vecchi A, Veneziano M, Muñoz-Sanjuan I, Bard J, and Dominguez C
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Huntingtin Protein genetics, Huntingtin Protein metabolism, Ligands, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain metabolism, Positron-Emission Tomography methods, Huntington Disease diagnostic imaging, Huntington Disease drug therapy
- Abstract
Therapeutic interventions are being developed for Huntington's disease (HD), a hallmark of which is mutant huntingtin protein (mHTT) aggregates. Following the advancement to human testing of two [
11 C]-PET ligands for aggregated mHTT, attributes for further optimization were identified. We replaced the pyridazinone ring of CHDI-180 with a pyrimidine ring and minimized off-target binding using brain homogenate derived from Alzheimer's disease patients. The major in vivo metabolic pathway via aldehyde oxidase was blocked with a 2-methyl group on the pyrimidine ring. A strategically placed ring-nitrogen on the benzoxazole core ensured high free fraction in the brain without introducing efflux. Replacing a methoxy pendant with a fluoro-ethoxy group and introducing deuterium atoms suppressed oxidative defluorination and accumulation of [18 F]-signal in bones. The resulting PET ligand, CHDI-650, shows a rapid brain uptake and washout profile in non-human primates and is now being advanced to human testing.- Published
- 2023
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16. Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of [ 11 C]AZ11895530 for PET Imaging of the Serotonin 1A Receptor.
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Dahl K, Johnström P, Forsberg-Morén A, Gustafsson B, Miranda-Azpiazu P, Khani Y, Halldin C, Farde L, Elmore CS, and Schou M
- Subjects
- Animals, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain metabolism, Macaca fascicularis metabolism, Positron-Emission Tomography methods, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A metabolism, Serotonin metabolism
- Abstract
The serotonin 1A (5-HT
1A ) receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor implicated in the pathophysiology of several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. We here report the preparation of two candidate 5-HT1A radioligands, [11 C]AZ11132132 ([11 C] 3 ) and [11 C]AZ11895530 ([11 C] 4 ), and their subsequent evaluation in vitro using autoradiography and in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET). Compounds 3 and 4 were radiolabeled at high radiochemical purity (>99%) and high molar activity (>38 GBq/μmol) by heteroatom methylation with [11 C]methyl iodide. Autoradiography on whole hemispheres from post-mortem human brain revealed substantial nonspecific binding of [11 C] 3 , while the binding of [11 C] 4 to brain tissue was consistent with the distribution of 5-HT1A receptors and sensitive to co-incubation with the reference 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100635 (10 μM). Following intravenous injection of [11 C] 4 into a cynomolgus monkey, brain radioactivity concentration ( Cmax ∼ 2.2 SUV) was high whereafter it decreased rapidly. The regional binding potential (BPND ) values were calculated using the simplified reference tissue model with cerebellum as reference region. The values varied between 0.2 and 1.0 for temporal cortex, raphe nuclei, frontal cortex, and hippocampus which is consistent with the known 5-HT1A expression pattern. After pretreatment with WAY100635 (0.5 mg/kg), a homogeneous distribution of radioactivity was observed in non-human primate (NHP) brain. Although [11 C] 4 fulfilled important criteria for successful in vivo neuroimaging, including good blood-brain-barrier permeability and high specific binding in vitro to human brain tissue, the regional BPND values for [11 C] 4 in NHP brain were low when compared to those obtained with existing radioligands and thus do not merit further investigation of [11 C] 4 . Evaluation of structurally related analogues is underway in our laboratory to identify improved candidates for clinical imaging.- Published
- 2022
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17. Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis Not Attributable to Status Epilepticus in First 24 Hours.
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Bajaj S, Griesdale D, Agha-Khani Y, and Moien-Afshari F
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- Cohort Studies, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Spinal Puncture, Leukocytosis cerebrospinal fluid, Status Epilepticus etiology
- Abstract
Background: Status epilepticus (SE) has traditionally been thought to cause cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis. However, attributing CSF pleocytosis solely to SE without addressing the underlying etiology may lead to poor outcomes. Leukocyte recruitment to CSF has been shown to peak around 24 hours after prolonged seizures in animal studies, suggesting that CSF pleocytosis within the first 24 hours of SE onset may be due to underlying causes. The goal of this study is to assess if SE is associated with CSF pleocytosis, independent of other causes within the first 24 hours of onset., Methods: We completed a historical cohort study of adult patients with SE admitted to the intensive care unit of Vancouver General Hospital between March 2010 and May 2019., Results: Of the 441 patients admitted with SE during the study period, 107 met our inclusion criteria leading to 111 lumbar punctures (LPs), with 4 patients receiving two LPs. CSF pleocytosis was seen in 12 of 72 patients who underwent an LP within the first 24 hours of SE onset. In all 12 patients, a secondary etiology for the pleocytosis was observed aside from SE. Of the six CSF samples collected after 24 hours of onset that demonstrated pleocytosis, four had no cause for pleocytosis other than SE., Conclusions: In all 12 patients with CSF pleocytosis in the first 24 hours of onset of SE, an underlying etiology was identified. Therefore, any pleocytosis noticed within the first 24 hours of onset of refractory SE should not be attributed solely to SE.
- Published
- 2022
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18. Survival rate in patients with ICU-acquired infections and its related factors in Iran's hospitals.
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Etemad M, Khani Y, Hashemi-Nazari SS, Izadi N, Eshrati B, and Mehrabi Y
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- Child, Hospitals, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Newborn, Iran epidemiology, Middle Aged, Survival Rate, Cross Infection epidemiology, Intensive Care Units
- Abstract
Background: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a well-known cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. This study aimed at investigating the survival rate in patients with ICU-acquired infections (ICU-AIs) and its related factors in Iran's hospitals., Methods: Data were obtained from the Iranian Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (INIS), which registers all necessary information on the main types of infection from different units of each included hospital. One thousand one hundred thirty-four duplicate cases were removed from the analysis using the variables of name, father's name, age, hospital code, infection code, and bedridden date. From 2016 to 2019, 32,998 patients diagnosed with ICU-AI from about 547 hospitals. All patients were followed up to February 29, 2020., Results: The median age of patients with ICU-AIs was 61 (IQR = 46) years. 45.5, 20.69, 17.63, 12.08, and 4.09% of infections were observed in general, surgical, internal, neonatal and pediatric ICUs, respectively. Acinetobacter (16.52%), E.coli (12.01%), and Klebsiella (9.93%) were the major types of microorganisms. From total, 40.76% of infected patients (13,449 patients) died. The 1, 3, 6-months and overall survival rate was 70, 25.72, 8.21 1.48% in ICU-AI patients, respectively. The overall survival rate was 5.12, 1.34, 0.0, 51.65, and 31.08% for surgical, general, internal, neonatal and pediatric ICU, respectively. Hazard ratio shows a significant relationship between age, hospitalization-infection length, infection type, and microorganism and risk of death in patients with ICU-AI., Conclusions: Based on the results, it seems that the nosocomial infections surveillance system should be more intelligent. This intelligence should act differently based on related factors such as the age of patients, hospitalization-infection length, infection type, microorganism and type of ward. In other words, this system should be able to dynamically provide the necessary and timely warnings based on the factors affecting the survival rate of infection due to the identification, intervention and measures to prevent the spread of HAIs based on a risk severity system.
- Published
- 2021
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19. Comment on "Prediction of the 1-Year Risk of Incident Lung Cancer: Prospective Study Using Electronic Health Records from the State of Maine".
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Rahmani J, Karimi R, Khani Y, and Sabour S
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- Humans, Machine Learning, Maine, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Electronic Health Records, Lung Neoplasms epidemiology
- Published
- 2020
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20. The Accuracy of Multidetector Computed Tomography and Laparoscopy in the Prediction of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Index Score in Primary Ovarian Cancer: Terminology Issues.
- Author
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Mohtasham F, Rahmani J, Khani Y, and Sabour S
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Multidetector Computed Tomography, Laparoscopy, Ovarian Neoplasms, Peritoneal Neoplasms
- Published
- 2020
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21. Prediction Tools for Psychiatric Adverse Effects After Levetiracetam Prescription.
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Josephson CB, Engbers JDT, Jette N, Patten SB, Singh S, Sajobi TT, Marshall D, Agha-Khani Y, Federico P, Mackie A, Macrodimitris S, McLane B, Pillay N, Sharma R, and Wiebe S
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Statistical, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Anticonvulsants adverse effects, Epilepsy drug therapy, Levetiracetam adverse effects, Mental Disorders chemically induced, Mental Disorders diagnosis, Prognosis, Risk Assessment standards
- Abstract
Importance: Levetiracetam is a commonly used antiepileptic drug, yet psychiatric adverse effects are common and may lead to treatment discontinuation., Objective: To derive prediction models to estimate the risk of psychiatric adverse effects from levetiracetam use., Design, Setting, and Participants: Retrospective open cohort study. All patients meeting the case definition for epilepsy after the Acceptable Mortality Reporting date in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database based in the United Kingdom (inclusive January 1, 2000, to May 31, 2012) who received a first-ever prescription for levetiracetam were included. Of 11 194 182 patients registered in THIN, this study identified 7400 presumed incident cases (66.1 cases per 100 000 persons) over a maximum of 12 years' follow-up. The index date was when patients received their first prescription code for levetiracetam, and follow-up lasted 2 years or until an event, loss to follow-up, or censoring. The analyses were performed on April 22, 2018., Exposure: A presumed first-ever prescription for levetiracetam., Main Outcomes and Measures: The outcome of interest was a Read code for any psychiatric sign, symptom, or disorder as reached through consensus by 2 authors. This study used regression techniques to derive 2 prediction models, one for the overall population and one for those without a history of a psychiatric sign, symptom, or disorder during the study period., Results: Among 1173 patients with epilepsy receiving levetiracetam, the overall median age was 39 (interquartile range, 25-56) years, and 590 (50.3%) were female. A total of 14.1% (165 of 1173) experienced a psychiatric symptom or disorder within 2 years of index prescription. The odds of reporting a psychiatric symptom were significantly elevated for women (odds ratio [OR], 1.41; 95% CI, 0.99-2.01; P = .05) and those with a preexposure history of higher social deprivation (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.01-1.31; P = .03), depression (OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.49-3.24; P < .001), anxiety (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.11-2.72; P = .02), or recreational drug use (OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.20-3.37; P = .008). The model performed well after stratified k = 5-fold cross-validation (area under the curve [AUC], 0.68; 95% CI, 0.58-0.79). There was a gradient in risk, with probabilities increasing from 8% for 0 risk factors to 11% to 17% for 1, 17% to 31% for 2, 30% to 42% for 3, and 49% when all risk factors were present. For those free of a preexposure psychiatric code, a second model performed comparably well after k = 5-fold cross-validation (AUC, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.54-0.90). Specificity was maximized using threshold cutoffs of 0.10 (full model) and 0.14 (second model); a score below these thresholds indicates safety of prescription., Conclusions and Relevance: This study derived 2 simple models that predict the risk of a psychiatric adverse effect from levetiracetam. These algorithms can be used to guide prescription in clinical practice.
- Published
- 2019
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22. Teaching NeuroImages: DWI and EEG findings in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
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Ganesh A, Hoyte LC, Agha-Khani Y, and Yeung MMC
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- Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Middle Aged, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome diagnostic imaging, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome physiopathology, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Electroencephalography
- Published
- 2018
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23. An investigation into the psychosocial effects of the postictal state.
- Author
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Josephson CB, Engbers JD, Sajobi TT, Jette N, Agha-Khani Y, Federico P, Murphy W, Pillay N, and Wiebe S
- Subjects
- Adult, Cohort Studies, Depression diagnosis, Epilepsy diagnosis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Psychology, Young Adult, Depression epidemiology, Depression psychology, Epilepsy epidemiology, Epilepsy psychology, Social Behavior, Social Support
- Abstract
Objective: To determine whether postictal cognitive and behavioral impairment (PCBI) is independently associated with specific aspects of a patient's psychosocial health in those with epilepsy and nonepileptic events., Methods: We used the University of Calgary's Comprehensive Epilepsy Clinic prospective cohort database to identify patients reporting PCBI. The cohort was stratified into those diagnosed with epilepsy or nonepileptic events at first clinic visit. Univariate comparisons and stepwise multiple logistic regression with backward elimination method were used to identify factors associated with PCBI for individuals with epilepsy and those with nonepileptic events. We then determined if PCBI was independently associated with depression and the use of social assistance when controlling for known risk factors., Results: We identified 1,776 patients, of whom 1,510 (85%) had epilepsy and 235 had nonepileptic events (13%). PCBI was independently associated with depression in those with epilepsy (odds ratio [OR] 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-2.83; p = 0.03) and with the need for social assistance in those with nonepileptic events (OR 4.81; 95% CI 2.02-11.42; p < 0.001)., Conclusions: PCBI appears to be significantly associated with differing psychosocial outcomes depending on the patient's initial diagnosis. Although additional research is necessary to examine causality, our results suggest that depression and employment concerns appear to be particularly important factors for patients with PCBI and epilepsy and nonepileptic attacks, respectively., (© 2016 American Academy of Neurology.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Towards a clinically informed, data-driven definition of elderly onset epilepsy.
- Author
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Josephson CB, Engbers JD, Sajobi TT, Jette N, Agha-Khani Y, Federico P, Murphy W, Pillay N, and Wiebe S
- Subjects
- Age of Onset, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Area Under Curve, Cerebrovascular Disorders epidemiology, Cohort Studies, Databases, Factual, Epilepsy epidemiology, Female, Humans, Late Onset Disorders epidemiology, Linear Models, Logistic Models, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Neurologic Examination, Prospective Studies, ROC Curve, Risk Factors, Seizures epidemiology, Stroke epidemiology, Support Vector Machine, Epilepsy classification, Late Onset Disorders classification, Seizures classification
- Abstract
Objective: Elderly onset epilepsy represents a distinct subpopulation that has received considerable attention due to the unique features of the disease in this age group. Research into this particular patient group has been limited by a lack of a standardized definition and understanding of the attributes associated with elderly onset epilepsy., Methods: We used a prospective cohort database to examine differences in patients stratified according to age of onset. Linear support vector machine learning incorporating all significant variables was used to predict age of onset according to prespecified thresholds. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated and plotted in receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) space. Feature coefficients achieving an absolute value of 0.25 or greater were graphed by age of onset to define how they vary with time., Results: We identified 2,449 patients, of whom 149 (6%) had an age of seizure onset of 65 or older. Fourteen clinical variables had an absolute predictive value of at least 0.25 at some point over the age of epilepsy-onset spectrum. Area under the curve in ROC space was maximized between ages of onset of 65 and 70. Features identified through machine learning were frequently threshold specific and were similar, but not identical, to those revealed through simple univariable and multivariable comparisons., Significance: This study provides an empirical, clinically informed definition of "elderly onset epilepsy." If validated, an age threshold of 65-70 years can be used for future studies of elderly onset epilepsy and permits targeted interventions according to the patient's age of onset., (Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2015 International League Against Epilepsy.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Spatial Analysis of Stomach Cancer Incidence in Iran.
- Author
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Pakzad R, Khani Y, Pakzad I, Momenimovahed Z, Mohammadian-Hashejani A, Salehiniya H, Towhidi F, and Makhsosi BR
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Incidence, Iran epidemiology, Male, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Registries, Spatial Analysis, Stomach Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Stomach cancer, the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death through the world, is very common in parts of Iran. Geographic variation in the incidence of stomach cancer is due to many different factors. The aim of this study was to assess the geographical and spatial distribution of stomach cancer in Iran using data from the cancer registry program in Iran for the year 2009. The reported incidences of stomach cancer for different provinces were standardized to the world population structure. ArcGIS software was used to analyse the data. Hot spots and high risk areas were determined using spatial analysis (Getis-Ord Gi). Hot and cold spots were determined as more than or less than 2 standard deviations from the national average, respectively. A significance level of 0.10 was used for statistical judgment. In 2009, a total of 6,886 cases of stomach cancers were reported of which 4,891 were in men and 1,995 in women (standardized incidence rates of 19.2 and 10.0, respectively, per 100,000 population). The results showed that stomach cancer was concentrated mainly in northwest of the country in both men and women. In women, northwest provinces such as Ardebil, East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Gilan, and Qazvin were identified as hot spots (p<0.1). In men, all northwest provinces, Ardabil, East Azerbaijan, Gilan, Qazvin, Zanjan and Kurdistan, the incidences were higher than the national average and these were identified as hot spots (P<0.01). As stomach cancer is clustered in the northwest of the country, further epidemiological studies are needed to identify factors contributing to this concentration.
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- 2016
- Full Text
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26. Incidence Trend and Epidemiology of Common Cancers in the Center of Iran.
- Author
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Rafiemanesh H, Rajaei-Behbahani N, Khani Y, Hosseini S, Pournamdar Z, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Soltani S, Hosseini SA, Khazaei S, and Salehiniya H
- Subjects
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Incidence, Iran epidemiology, Male, Registries, Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Cancer is a major public health problem in Iran and many other parts of the world. The cancer incidence is different in various countries and in country provinces. Geographical differences in the cancer incidence lead to be important to conduct an epidemiological study of the disease. This study aimed to investigate cancer epidemiology and trend in the province of Qom, located in center of Iran., Method: This is an analytical cross-sectional study carried out based on re-analysis cancer registry report and the disease management center of health ministry from 2004 to 2008 in the province of Qom. To describe incidence time trends, we carried out join point regression analysis using the software Join point Regression Program, Version 4.1.1.1., Results: There were 3,029 registered cases of cancer during 5 years studied. Sex ratio was 1.32 (male to female). Considering the frequency and mean standardized incidence, the most common cancer in women were breast, skin, colorectal, stomach, and esophagus, respectively while in men the most common cancers included skin, stomach, colorectal, bladder, and prostate, respectively. There was an increasing and significant trend, according to the annual percentage change (APC) equal to 8.08% (CI: 5.1-11.1) for all site cancer in women., Conclusion: The incidence trend of all cancers was increasing in this area. Hence, planning for identifying risk factors and performing programs for dealing with the disease are essential.
- Published
- 2015
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27. The promise of futility trials in neurological diseases.
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Koch MW, Korngut L, Patry DG, Agha-Khani Y, White C, Sarna JR, Yeung M, Yong VW, Heng DY, Cutter G, and Metz L
- Subjects
- Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic, Cognition Disorders therapy, Humans, Medical Futility, Models, Biological, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Sample Size, Nervous System Diseases therapy
- Abstract
Double-blinded randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have contributed much important evidence to guide treatment decisions in neurology. RCTs are relatively straightforward to conduct, provided that they investigate common diseases, have clearly defined outcome measures, and are of short duration. In neurology, however, many diseases are uncommon, have no consensus outcome measures, and develop over decades. Basic research into neurological diseases continues to identify candidate therapies faster than they can be tested for their clinical utility, leading to a 'translational gap'. Futility trials were initially developed in oncology to efficiently test candidate therapies in phase II trials. As single-arm unblinded studies, futility trials are relatively easy to conduct, and they generally require smaller sample sizes than RCTs. In this article, we discuss futility models, highlighting their advantages as well as challenges to their application in several neurological diseases, including Parkinson disease, stroke and multiple sclerosis.
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- 2015
- Full Text
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28. Changing Trends of Types of Skin Cancer in Iran.
- Author
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Razi S, Rafiemanesh H, Ghoncheh M, Khani Y, and Salehiniya H
- Subjects
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell epidemiology, Carcinoma, Basal Cell pathology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell epidemiology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell pathology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Incidence, Iran epidemiology, Male, Melanoma epidemiology, Melanoma pathology, Registries, Risk Factors, Skin Neoplasms epidemiology, Skin Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Background: Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide. It has an increasing trend. This study investigated the epidemiological trend and morphological changes in skin cancer in Iran., Materials and Methods: This study was done using existing data, extracted from the National Cancer Registry System and the Disease Management Center of Iranian Ministry of Health between 2003 and 2008. Data on epidemiologic trend was analyzed using Joinpoint software package., Results: The incidence of skin cancer is increasing in Iran, and more in men than women. There was a declining trend for basal cell carcinoma. Basal squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma had an increasing trend. The increase of skin cancer was related to squamous cell carcinoma., Conclusions: Our findings indicated that the increase of skin cancer was attributed to squamous cell carcinoma. It is necessary to be planning for the control and prevention of this disease as a priority for health policy makers.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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