Search

Your search keyword '"Marie-Caroline Michalski"' showing total 181 results
Start Over Author "Marie-Caroline Michalski"
181 results on '"Marie-Caroline Michalski"'

1. Intestinal absorption of sphingosine: new insights on generated ceramide species using stable isotope tracing in vitro

Author

Catherine Calzada, David Cheillan, Nina Ritsch, Cécile Vors, Annie Durand, Sandra Pesenti, Magali Pettazzoni, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Marie-Caroline Michalski, and Armelle Penhoat

Subjects
chylomicrons, dietary fat, enterocytes, lipidomics, mass spectrometry, milk, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract

Abstract: Dietary sphingomyelin (SM) has been reported to favorably modulate postprandial lipemia. Mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk markers are not fully elucidated. Rodent studies showed that tritiated SM was hydrolyzed in the intestinal lumen into ceramides (Cer) and further to sphingosine (SPH) and fatty acids (FA) that were absorbed by the intestine. Our objective was to investigate the uptake and metabolism of SPH and/or tricosanoic acid (C23:0), the main FA of milk SM, as well as lipid secretion in Caco-2/TC7 cells cultured on semipermeable inserts. Mixed micelles (MM) consisting of different digested lipids and taurocholate were prepared without or with SPH, SPH and C23:0 (SPH+C23:0), or C23:0. Triglycerides (TG) were quantified in the basolateral medium, and sphingolipids were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry. TG secretion increased 11-fold in all MM-incubated cells compared with lipid-free medium. Apical supply of SPH-enriched MM led to increased concentrations of total Cer in cells, and coaddition of C23:0 in SPH-enriched MM led to a preferential increase of C23:0 Cer and C23:0 SM. Complementary experiments using deuterated SPH demonstrated that SPH-d9 was partly converted to sphingosine-1-phosphate-d9, Cer-d9, and SM-d9 within cells incubated with SPH-enriched MM. A few Cer-d9 (2% of added SPH-d9) was recovered in the basolateral medium of (MM+SPH)-incubated cells, especially C23:0 Cer-d9 in (MM+SPH+C23:0)-enriched cells. In conclusion, present results indicate that MM enriched with (SPH+C23:0), such as found in postprandial micelles formed after milk SM ingestion, directly impacts sphingolipid endogenous metabolism in enterocytes, resulting in the secretion of TG-rich particles enriched with C23:0 Cer.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Multifunctional dietary interventions, low-grade inflammation and cardiometabolic profile: a scoping review

Author

Hugo Hornero-Ramirez, Adrien Aubin, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Sophie Vinoy, Cyrielle Caussy, and Julie-Anne Nazare

Subjects
bioactive compound, food synergy, oxidative stress, Mediterranean, Nordic, portfolio, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

BackgroundGrowing evidence highlights the significant impact of diet to modify low-grade inflammation closely linked to cardiometabolic profile. Multifunctionnal diets, combining several compounds have been shown to beneficially impact metabolic parameters.ObjectiveThis study synthesizes the knowledge on the impact of RCTs combining dietary multifunctional compounds on low-grade inflammation in humans. We investigate whether the effects of dietary multifunctional interventions on inflammatory markers were parallel to alterations of cardiometabolic parameters.MethodologyWe considered both the integrated dietary interventions (ID, i.e. global diets such as Mediterranean, Nordic…) and the dietary interventions based on selected bioactive mix (BM) compounds, in healthy individuals and those at cardiometabolic risk. Out of 221 screened publications, we selected 27 studies: 11 for BM (polyphenols and/or omega-3 fatty acids and/or antioxidants and/or dietary fiber) and 16 for ID (Mediterranean, paleo, Nordic, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet…).ResultsID studies reflected significant improvements in inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1b), concomitantly with beneficial changes in metabolic parameters. In BM studies, pronounced effects on low-grade inflammatory markers were observed, while improvements in metabolic parameters were not consistent. Both types of studies suggested a favorable impact on oxidative stress, a factor closely linked to the inflammatory profile.ConclusionOur findings showed that multifunctional RCT diets have differential role in managing low-grade inflammation and cardiometabolic health, with a large heterogeneity in explored inflammatory markers. Further research is imperative to elucidate the link between low-grade inflammation and other cardiometabolic risk factors, such as intestinal inflammation or postprandial inflammatory dynamics, aiming to attain a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved in these processes. These future investigations not only have the potential to deepen our insights into the connections among these elements but also pave the way for significant advancements in the prevention and management of conditions related to the cardiovascular and metabolic systems.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Inhibition of intestinal FXR activity as a possible mechanism for the beneficial effects of a probiotic mix supplementation on lipid metabolism alterations and weight gain in mice fed a high fat diet

Author

Alice Beau, Bérengère Benoit, Mélanie Le Barz, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Armelle Penhoat, Catherine Calzada, Claudie Pinteur, Emmanuelle Loizon, Stéphanie Chanon, Aurélie Vieille-Marchiset, Valérie Sauvinet, Murielle Godet, Fabienne Laugerette, Sophie Holowacz, Elsa Jacouton, Marie-Caroline Michalski, and Hubert Vidal

Subjects
Metabolic syndrome, high-fat diet, bifidobacterium animalis, lactobacillus gasseri, gut microbiota, bile acids, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

ABSTRACTSupplementation with probiotics has emerged as a promising therapeutic tool to manage metabolic diseases. We investigated the effects of a mix of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LA804 and Lactobacillus gasseri LA806 on high-fat (HF) diet -induced metabolic disease in mice. Supplementation with the probiotic mix in HF diet-fed mice (HF-Pr2) reduced weight and fat mass gains, decreased hepatic lipid accumulation, and lowered plasma triglyceride peak during an oral lipid tolerance test. At the molecular level, the probiotic mix protected against HF-induced rise in mRNA levels of genes related to lipid uptake, metabolism, and storage in the liver and white adipose tissues, and strongly decreased mRNA levels of genes related to inflammation in the white adipose tissue and to oxidative stress in the liver. Regarding intestinal homeostasis, the probiotic mix did not prevent HF-induced gut permeability but slightly modified microbiota composition without correcting the dysbiosis induced by the HF diet. Probiotic supplementation also modified the cecal bile acid (BA) profile, leading to an increase in the Farnesoid-X-Receptor (FXR) antagonist/agonist ratio between BA species. In agreement, HF-Pr2 mice exhibited a strong inhibition of FXR signaling pathway in the ileum, which was associated with lipid metabolism protection. This is consistent with recent reports proposing that inhibition of intestinal FXR activity could be a potent mechanism to overcome metabolic disorders. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the probiotic mix evaluated, when administered preventively to HF diet-fed mice could limit obesity and associated lipid metabolism disorders, likely through the inhibition of FXR signaling in the intestinal tract.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Natural emulsifiers lecithins preserve gut microbiota diversity in relation with specific faecal lipids in high fat-fed mice

Author

Chloé Robert, Armelle Penhoat, Leslie Couëdelo, Magali Monnoye, Dominique Rainteau, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Sofia Bary, Hélène Abrous, Emmanuelle Loizon, Pranvera Krasniqi, Stéphanie Chanon, Aurélie Vieille-Marchiset, François Caillet, Sabine Danthine, Hubert Vidal, Nicolas Guillot, Philippe Gérard, Carole Vaysse, and Marie-Caroline Michalski

Subjects
Nutrition, Food additive, Phospholipid, Intestine, Absorption, Microbiota, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

Synthetic emulsifiers promote metabolic syndrome and considerably alter gut microbiota. Data is lacking regarding natural emulsifiers like plant lecithins, a polar lipid-rich source of 18:3n-3 PUFA (ALA). For 13 weeks, male Swiss mice were fed ALA-replete semi-synthetic high-fat diet (HFD) including lecithin from rapeseed (RL) or soy, vs 2 HFD-controls devoid of lecithin (ALA-replete; low-ALA), vs Chow. Lecithins did not enhance HFD-induced adiposity nor increased inflammation, did not alter gut barrier markers and caecal bile acids, and contributed to n-3 PUFA status. Lecithins improved gut microbiota diversity. RL (10% in fat) even restored α-diversity similar to Chow, increased Lachnospiraceae NK4A136, Lactobacillus and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 groups, and decreased Blautia genus bacteria. The abundance of most beneficial lecithin-enhanced bacteria was positively correlated to the amount of faecal polar lipid-bound ALA. These findings show that lecithins can beneficially affect the gut microbiota in association with changes in lipid residues in the distal gut.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Role of circulating sphingolipids in lipid metabolism: Why dietary lipids matter

Author

Catherine Calzada, Cécile Vors, Armelle Penhoat, David Cheillan, and Marie-Caroline Michalski

Subjects
sphingolipids, ceramide, sphingomyelin, dietary lipids, nutrition, postprandial metabolism, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

Sphingolipids are structural components of cell membranes and lipoproteins but also act as signaling molecules in many pathophysiological processes. Although sphingolipids comprise a small part of the plasma lipidome, some plasma sphingolipids are recognized as implicated in the development of metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Plasma sphingolipids are mostly carried out into lipoproteins and may modulate their functional properties. Lipids ingested from the diet contribute to the plasma lipid pool besides lipids produced by the liver and released from the adipose tissue. Depending on their source, quality and quantity, dietary lipids may modulate sphingolipids both in plasma and lipoproteins. A few human dietary intervention studies investigated the impact of dietary lipids on circulating sphingolipids and lipid-related cardiovascular risk markers. On the one hand, dietary saturated fatty acids, mainly palmitic acid, may increase ceramide concentrations in plasma, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and HDL. On the other hand, milk polar lipids may decrease some molecular species of sphingomyelins and ceramides in plasma and intestine-derived chylomicrons. Altogether, different dietary fatty acids and lipid species can modulate circulating sphingolipids vehicled by postprandial lipoproteins, which should be part of future nutritional strategies for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Validation of Knock-Out Caco-2 TC7 Cells as Models of Enterocytes of Patients with Familial Genetic Hypobetalipoproteinemias

Author

Claire Bordat, Donato Vairo, Charlotte Cuerq, Charlotte Halimi, Franck Peiretti, Armelle Penhoat, Aurélie Vieille-Marchiset, Teresa Gonzalez, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Marion Nowicki, Noël Peretti, and Emmanuelle Reboul

Subjects
abetalipoproteinemia, bioavailability, CRISPR/Cas9, chylomicrons, chylomicron retention disease, familial hypobetalipoproteinemia, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

Abetalipoproteinemia (FHBL-SD1) and chylomicron retention disease (FHBL-SD3) are rare recessive disorders of lipoprotein metabolism due to mutations in MTTP and SAR1B genes, respectively, which lead to defective chylomicron formation and secretion. This results in lipid and fat-soluble vitamin malabsorption, which induces severe neuro-ophthalmic complications. Currently, treatment combines a low-fat diet with high-dose vitamin A and E supplementation but still fails in normalizing serum vitamin E levels and providing complete ophthalmic protection. To explore these persistent complications, we developed two knock-out cell models of FHBL-SD1 and FHBL-SD3 using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique in Caco-2/TC7 cells. DNA sequencing, RNA quantification and Western blotting confirmed the introduction of mutations with protein knock-out in four clones associated with i) impaired lipid droplet formation and ii) defective triglyceride (−57.0 ± 2.6% to −83.9 ± 1.6%) and cholesterol (−35.3 ± 4.4% to −60.6 ± 3.5%) secretion. A significant decrease in α-tocopherol secretion was also observed in these clones (−41.5 ± 3.7% to −97.2 ± 2.8%), even with the pharmaceutical forms of vitamin E: tocopherol-acetate and tocofersolan (α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate 1000). MTTP silencing led to a more severe phenotype than SAR1B silencing, which is consistent with clinical observations. Our cellular models thus provide an efficient tool to experiment with therapeutic strategies and will allow progress in understanding the mechanisms involved in lipid metabolism.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. INFOGEST inter-laboratory recommendations for assaying gastric and pancreatic lipases activities prior to in vitro digestion studies

Author

Myriam M.L. Grundy, Evan Abrahamse, Annette Almgren, Marie Alminger, Ana Andres, Renata M.C. Ariëns, Shanna Bastiaan-Net, Claire Bourlieu-Lacanal, André Brodkorb, Maria R. Bronze, Irene Comi, Leslie Couëdelo, Didier Dupont, Annie Durand, Sedef N. El, Tara Grauwet, Christine Heerup, Ana Heredia, Marcos R. Infantes Garcia, Christian Jungnickel, Ilona E. Kłosowska-Chomiczewska, Marion Létisse, Adam Macierzanka, Alan R. Mackie, David J. McClements, Olivia Menard, Anne Meynier, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Ana-Isabel Mulet-Cabero, Anette Mullertz, Francina M. Payeras Perelló, Irene Peinado, Mélina Robert, Sébastien Secouard, Ana T. Serra, Sandra D. Silva, Gabriel Thomassen, Cecilia Tullberg, Ingrid Undeland, Carole Vaysse, Gerd E. Vegarud, Sarah H.E. Verkempinck, Michelle Viau, Mostafa Zahir, Ruojie Zhang, and Frédéric Carrière

Subjects
Lipases, Lipolysis, Enzyme activity, Titration method, Inhibitor, INFOGEST, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

In vitro digestion studies often use animal digestive enzyme extracts as substitutes of human gastric and pancreatic secretions. Pancreatin from porcine origin is thus commonly used to provide relevant pancreatic enzymes such as proteases, amylase and lipase. Rabbit gastric extracts (RGE) have been recently introduced to provide gastric lipase in addition to pepsin. Before preparing simulated gastric and pancreatic extracts with targeted enzyme activities as described in in vitro digestion protocols, it is important to determine the activities of enzyme preparations using validated methods. The purpose of this inter-laboratory study within the INFOGEST network was to test the repeatability and reproducibility of lipase assays using the pH-stat technique for measuring the activities of gastric and pancreatic lipases from various sources. Twenty-one laboratories having different pH-stat devices received the same protocol with identical batches of RGE and two pancreatin sources. Lipase assays were performed using tributyrin as a substrate and three different amounts (50, 100 and 200 µg) of each enzyme preparation. The repeatability results within individual laboratories were satisfactory with coefficients of variation (CVs) ranging from 4 to 8% regardless of the enzyme amount tested. However, the inter-laboratory variability was high (CV > 15%) compared to existing standards for bioanalytical assays. We identified and weighted the contributions to inter-laboratory variability of several parameters associated with the various pH-stat equipment used in this study (e.g. reaction vessel volume and shape, stirring mode and rate, burette volume for the automated delivery of sodium hydroxide). Based on this, we established recommendations for improving the reproducibility of lipase assays using the pH-stat technique. Defining accurate and complete recommendations on how to correctly quantify activity levels of enzyme preparations is a gateway to promising comparison of in vitro data obtained from different laboratories following the same in vitro digestion protocol.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Milk polar lipids favorably alter circulating and intestinal ceramide and sphingomyelin species in postmenopausal women

Author

Mélanie Le Barz, Cécile Vors, Emmanuel Combe, Laurie Joumard-Cubizolles, Manon Lecomte, Florent Joffre, Michèle Trauchessec, Sandra Pesenti, Emmanuelle Loizon, Anne-Esther Breyton, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Karène Bertrand, Jocelyne Drai, Chloé Robert, Annie Durand, Charlotte Cuerq, Patrice Gaborit, Nadine Leconte, Annick Bernalier-Donadille, Eddy Cotte, Martine Laville, Stéphanie Lambert-Porcheron, Lemlih Ouchchane, Hubert Vidal, Corinne Malpuech-Brugère, David Cheillan, and Marie-Caroline Michalski

Subjects
Clinical trials, Metabolism, Medicine
Abstract

BACKGROUND High circulating levels of ceramides (Cer) and sphingomyelins (SM) are associated with cardiometabolic diseases. The consumption of whole fat dairy products, naturally containing such polar lipids (PL), is associated with health benefits, but the impact on sphingolipidome remains unknown.METHODS In a 4-week randomized controlled trial, 58 postmenopausal women daily consumed milk PL-enriched cream cheese (0, 3, or 5 g of milk PL). Postprandial metabolic explorations were performed before and after supplementation. Analyses included SM and Cer species in serum, chylomicrons, and feces. The ileal contents of 4 ileostomy patients were also explored after acute milk PL intake.RESULTS Milk PL decreased serum atherogenic C24:1 Cer, C16:1 SM, and C18:1 SM species (Pgroup < 0.05). Changes in serum C16+18 SM species were positively correlated with the reduction of cholesterol (r = 0.706), LDL-C (r = 0.666), and ApoB (r = 0.705) (P < 0.001). Milk PL decreased chylomicron content in total SM and C24:1 Cer (Pgroup < 0.001), parallel to a marked increase in total Cer in feces (Pgroup < 0.001). Milk PL modulated some specific SM and Cer species in both ileal efflux and feces, suggesting differential absorption and metabolization processes in the gut.CONCLUSION Milk PL supplementation decreased atherogenic SM and Cer species associated with the improvement of cardiovascular risk markers. Our findings bring insights on sphingolipid metabolism in the gut, especially Cer, as signaling molecules potentially participating in the beneficial effects of milk PL.TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02099032, NCT02146339.FUNDING ANR-11-ALID-007-01; PHRCI-2014: VALOBAB, no. 14-007; CNIEL; GLN 2018-11-07; HCL (sponsor).

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Efficacy of two vitamin E formulations in patients with abetalipoproteinemia and chylomicron retention disease

Author

Charlotte Cuerq, Emilie Henin, Lioara Restier, Emilie Blond, Jocelyne Drai, Christophe Marçais, Mathilde Di Filippo, Christian Laveille, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Pierre Poinsot, Cyrielle Caussy, Agnès Sassolas, Philippe Moulin, Emmanuelle Reboul, Sybil Charriere, Emile Levy, Alain Lachaux, and Noël Peretti

Subjects
metabolic disease, lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, absorption, adipose tissue, hypocholesterolemia, Anderson disease, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract

Abetalipoproteinemia (ABL) and chylomicron retention disease (CMRD) are extremely rare recessive forms of hypobetalipoproteinemia characterized by intestinal lipid malabsorption and severe vitamin E deficiency. Vitamin E is often supplemented in the form of fat-soluble vitamin E acetate, but fat malabsorption considerably limits correction of the deficiency. In this crossover study, we administered two different forms of vitamin E, tocofersolan (a water-soluble derivative of RRR-α-tocopherol) and α-tocopherol acetate, to three patients with ABL and four patients with CMRD. The aims of this study were to evaluate the intestinal absorption characteristics of tocofersolan versus α-tocopherol acetate by measuring the plasma concentrations of α-tocopherol over time after a single oral load and to compare efficacy by evaluating the ability of each formulation to restore vitamin E storage after 4 months of treatment. In patients with ABL, tocofersolan and α-tocopherol acetate bioavailabilities were extremely low (2.8% and 3.1%, respectively). In contrast, bioavailabilities were higher in patients with CMRD (tocofersolan, 24.7%; α-tocopherol acetate, 11.4%). Plasma concentrations of α-tocopherol at 4 months were not significantly different by formulation type in ABL or CMRD. This study provides new insights about vitamin E status in ABL and CMRD and suggests the potential of different formulations as treatment options.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Rapeseed oil fortified with micronutrients can reduce glucose intolerance during a high fat challenge in rats

Author

Frederic Capel, Alain Geloen, Carole Vaysse, Gaelle Pineau, Luc Demaison, Jean-Michel Chardigny, Marie-Caroline Michalski, and Corinne Malpuech-Brugère

Subjects
Fatty acids, Rapeseed oil, Micronutrients, Metabolic syndrome, Obesity, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background Better choices of dietary lipid sources and substitution of refined by fortified oils could reduce the intake of saturated fatty acids (FA) and increase the intake of omega 3 FA concomitantly to healthy bioactive compounds. Methods The development of obesity and metabolic disturbances was explored in rats fed during 11 weeks with a high fat diet (HFD) in which the amount of saturated and polyunsaturated FA was respectively reduced and increased, using rapeseed oil as lipid source. This oil was used in a refined form (R) or fortified (10 fold increase in concentration) with endogenous micronutrients (coenzyme Q10 + tocopherol only (RF) only and also with canolol (RFC)). The effect of substituting palm by rapeseed oil was analysed using a student t test, oil fortification was analysed using ANOVA statistical test. Results Despite a similar weight gain, diets R, RF and RFC improved glucose tolerance (+ 10%) of the rats compared to a standard HFD with palm and sunflower oils as lipid source. Plasma glucose was lowered in RF and RFC groups (− 15 and 23% respectively), although triacylglycerol level was only reduced in group RFC (− 33%) compared to R. The fortification with canolol promoted the activation of Akt and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue respectively. Canolol supplementation also led to reduce p38 MAPK activation in skeletal muscle. Conclusions This study suggests that the presence of endogenous micronutrients in rapeseed oil promotes cellular adaptations to reverse glucose intolerance and improve the metabolism of insulin sensitive tissues.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Dietary canolol protects the heart against the deleterious effects induced by the association of rapeseed oil, vitamin E and coenzyme Q10 in the context of a high-fat diet

Author

Thibault Leger, Isabelle Hininger-Favier, Frédéric Capel, Alain Geloen, Jean-Paul Rigaudière, Chrystèle Jouve, Elodie Pitois, Gaelle Pineau, Carole Vaysse, Jean-Michel Chardigny, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Corinne Malpuech-Brugère, and Luc Demaison

Subjects
Heart, Rapeseed oil, ω3 PUFAs, Antioxidant, Canolol, Obesity, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background Obesity progressively leads to cardiac failure. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been shown to have cardio-protective effects in numerous pathological situations. It is not known whether rapeseed oil, which contains α-linolenic acid (ALA), has a similar protective effect. Omega-3 PUFAs are sensitive to attack by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid peroxidation products could damage cardiac cells. We thus tested whether dietary refined rapeseed oil (RSO) associated with or without different antioxidants (vitamin E, coenzyme Q10 and canolol) is cardio-protective in a situation of abdominal obesity. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were subdivided into 5 groups. Each group was fed a specific diet for 11 weeks: a low-fat diet (3% of lipids, C diet) with compositionally-balanced PUFAs; a high-fat diet rich in palm oil (30% of lipids, PS diet); the PS diet in which 40% of lipids were replaced by RSO (R diet); the R diet supplemented with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamin E (RTC diet); and the RTC diet supplemented with canolol (RTCC diet). At the end of the diet period, the rats were sacrificed and the heart was collected and immediately frozen. Fatty acid composition of cardiac phospholipids was then determined. Several features of cardiac function (fibrosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis) were also estimated. Results Abdominal obesity reduced cardiac oxidative stress and apoptosis rate by increasing the proportion of arachidonic acid (AA) in membrane phospholipids. Dietary RSO had the same effect, though it normalized the proportion of AA. Adding vitamin E and CoQ10 in the RSO-rich high fat diet had a deleterious effect, increasing fibrosis by increasing angiotensin-2 receptor-1b (Ag2R-1b) mRNA expression. Overexpression of these receptors triggers coronary vasoconstriction, which probably induced ischemia. Canolol supplementation counteracted this deleterious effect by reducing coronary vasoconstriction. Conclusion Canolol was found to counteract the fibrotic effects of vitamin E + CoQ10 on cardiac fibrosis in the context of a high-fat diet enriched with RSO. This effect occurred through a restoration of cardiac Ag2R-1b mRNA expression and decreased ischemia.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. A Mix of Dietary Fibres Changes Interorgan Nutrients Exchanges and Muscle-Adipose Energy Handling in Overfed Mini-Pigs

Author

Ahmed Ben Mohamed, Didier Rémond, Andreu Gual-Grau, Annick Bernalier-Donnadille, Frédéric Capel, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Fabienne Laugerette, Benoit Cohade, Noureddine Hafnaoui, Daniel Béchet, Cécile Coudy-Gandilhon, Marine Gueugneau, Jerome Salles, Carole Migné, Dominique Dardevet, Jérémie David, Sergio Polakof, and Isabelle Savary-Auzeloux

Subjects
overfeeding, dietary fibres, gene expression, SCFA, muscle metabolism, inter-organ metabolism, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

This study evaluates the capacity of a bread enriched with fermentable dietary fibres to modulate the metabolism and nutrients handling between tissues, gut and peripheral, in a context of overfeeding. Net fluxes of glucose, lactate, urea, short chain fatty acids (SCFA), and amino acids were recorded in control and overfed female mini-pigs supplemented or not with fibre-enriched bread. SCFA in fecal water and gene expressions, but not protein levels or metabolic fluxes, were measured in muscle, adipose tissue, and intestine. Fibre supplementation increased the potential for fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial activity in muscle (acox, ucp2, sdha and cpt1-m, p < 0.05) as well as main regulatory transcription factors of metabolic activity such as pparα, pgc-1α and nrf2. All these features were associated with a reduced muscle fibre cross sectional area, resembling to controls (i.e., lean phenotype). SCFA may be direct inducers of these cross-talk alterations, as their feces content (+52%, p = 0.05) was increased in fibre-supplemented mini-pigs. The SCFA effects could be mediated at the gut level by an increased production of incretins (increased gcg mRNA, p < 0.05) and an up-regulation of SCFA receptors (increased gpr41 mRNA, p < 0.01). Hence, consumption of supplemented bread with fermentable fibres can be an appropriate strategy to activate muscle energy catabolism and limit the establishment of an obese phenotype.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Emulsifying dietary fat modulates postprandial endotoxemia associated with chylomicronemia in obese men: a pilot randomized crossover study

Author

Cécile Vors, Jocelyne Drai, Gaëlle Pineau, Martine Laville, Hubert Vidal, Fabienne Laugerette, and Marie-Caroline Michalski

Subjects
Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background Postprandial hyperlipemia is recognized as a major cardio-metabolic risk factor, recently linked to the co-absorption of pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharides with dietary lipids. This causes endotoxemia that is involved in the pathophysiology of obesity and insulin resistance, but to date the impact of food formulation is unknown. We tested a novel concept that endotoxin absorption can be modulated by fat emulsified structure in the meal, and potentially differently in obese vs. lean men. Methods In a randomized controlled crossover study, eight normal-weight and eight obese age-matched healthy men ingested two isocaloric, isolipidic breakfasts of identical composition including 40 g of milk fat that was emulsified or unemulsified. Plasma- and chylomicron-endotoxemia and chylomicron-triglycerides were measured during 8 h after breakfast ingestion. Results After emulsion consumption, parallel to an enhanced chylomicronemia, obese subjects presented an early and sharp increase in chylomicron-endotoxemia at 60 min (P time = 0.02), which was higher than (i) after spread fat in obese subjects (P

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Postprandial Endotoxin Transporters LBP and sCD14 Differ in Obese vs. Overweight and Normal Weight Men during Fat-Rich Meal Digestion

Author

Fabienne Laugerette, Cécile Vors, Maud Alligier, Gaëlle Pineau, Jocelyne Drai, Carole Knibbe, Béatrice Morio, Stéphanie Lambert-Porcheron, Martine Laville, Hubert Vidal, and Marie-Caroline Michalski

Subjects
LBP, sCD14, postprandial kinetics, high-fat diet, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

Circulating levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14) are recognized as clinical markers of endotoxemia. In obese men, postprandial endotoxemia is modulated by the amount of fat ingested, being higher compared to normal-weight (NW) subjects. Relative variations of LBP/sCD14 ratio in response to overfeeding are also considered important in the inflammation set-up, as measured through IL-6 concentration. We tested the hypothesis that postprandial LBP and sCD14 circulating concentrations differed in obese vs. overweight and NW men after a fat-rich meal. We thus analyzed the postprandial kinetics of LBP and sCD14 in the context of two clinical trials involving postprandial tests in normal-, over-weight and obese men. In the first clinical trial eight NW and 8 obese men ingested breakfasts containing 10 vs. 40 g of fat. In the second clinical trial, 18 healthy men were overfed during 8 weeks. sCD14, LBP and Il-6 were measured in all subjects during 5 h after test meal. Obese men presented a higher fasting and postprandial LBP concentration in plasma than NW men regardless of fat load, while postprandial sCD14 was similar in both groups. Irrespective of the overfeeding treatment, we observed postprandial increase of sCD14 and decrease of LBP before and after OF. In obese individuals receiving a 10 g fat load, whereas IL-6 increased 5h after meal, LBP and sCD14 did not increase. No direct association between the postprandial kinetics of endotoxemia markers sCD14 and LBP and of inflammation in obese men was observed in this study.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Dietary oxidized n-3 PUFA induce oxidative stress and inflammation: role of intestinal absorption of 4-HHE and reactivity in intestinal cells

Author

Manar Awada, Christophe O. Soulage, Anne Meynier, Cyrille Debard, Pascale Plaisancié, Bérengère Benoit, Grégory Picard, Emmanuelle Loizon, Marie-Agnès Chauvin, Monique Estienne, Noël Peretti, Michel Guichardant, Michel Lagarde, Claude Genot, and Marie-Caroline Michalski

Subjects
nutrition, polyunsaturated fatty acids, lipid peroxidation, 4-hydroxy-2-alkenals, intestine, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract

Dietary intake of long-chain n-3 PUFA is now widely advised for public health and in medical practice. However, PUFA are highly prone to oxidation, producing potentially deleterious 4-hydroxy-2-alkenals. Even so, the impact of consuming oxidized n-3 PUFA on metabolic oxidative stress and inflammation is poorly described. We therefore studied such effects and hypothesized the involvement of the intestinal absorption of 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (4-HHE), an oxidized n-3 PUFA end-product. In vivo, four groups of mice were fed for 8 weeks high-fat diets containing moderately oxidized or unoxidized n-3 PUFA. Other mice were orally administered 4-HHE and euthanized postprandially versus baseline mice. In vitro, human intestinal Caco-2/TC7 cells were incubated with 4-hydroxy-2-alkenals. Oxidized diets increased 4-HHE plasma levels in mice (up to 5-fold, P < 0.01) compared with unoxidized diets. Oxidized diets enhanced plasma inflammatory markers and activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) in the small intestine along with decreasing Paneth cell number (up to −19% in the duodenum). Both in vivo and in vitro, intestinal absorption of 4-HHE was associated with formation of 4-HHE-protein adducts and increased expression of glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPx2) and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78). Consumption of oxidized n-3 PUFA results in 4-HHE accumulation in blood after its intestinal absorption and triggers oxidative stress and inflammation in the upper intestine.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Insulin resistance is associated with MCP1-mediated macrophage accumulation in skeletal muscle in mice and humans.

Author

David Patsouris, Jingwei-Ji Cao, Guillaume Vial, Amelie Bravard, Etienne Lefai, Annie Durand, Christine Durand, Marie-Agnés Chauvin, Fabienne Laugerette, Cyrille Debard, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Martine Laville, Hubert Vidal, and Jennifer Rieusset

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Inflammation is now recognized as a major factor contributing to type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, while the mechanisms and consequences associated with white adipose tissue inflammation are well described, very little is known concerning the situation in skeletal muscle. The aim of this study was to investigate, in vitro and in vivo, how skeletal muscle inflammation develops and how in turn it modulates local and systemic insulin sensitivity in different mice models of T2D and in humans, focusing on the role of the chemokine MCP1. Here, we found that skeletal muscle inflammation and macrophage markers are increased and associated with insulin resistance in mice models and humans. In addition, we demonstrated that intra-muscular TNFα expression is exclusively restricted to the population of intramuscular leukocytes and that the chemokine MCP1 was associated with skeletal muscle inflammatory markers in these models. Furthermore, we demonstrated that exposure of C2C12 myotubes to palmitate elevated the production of the chemokine MCP1 and that the muscle-specific overexpression of MCP1 in transgenic mice induced the local recruitment of macrophages and altered local insulin sensitivity. Overall our study demonstrates that skeletal muscle inflammation is clearly increased in the context of T2D in each one of the models we investigated, which is likely consecutive to the lipotoxic environment generated by peripheral insulin resistance, further increasing MCP1 expression in muscle. Consequently, our results suggest that MCP1-mediated skeletal muscle macrophages recruitment plays a role in the etiology of T2D.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. The digestion of diacylglycerol isomers by gastric and pancreatic lipases and its impact on the metabolic pathways for TAG re-synthesis in enterocytes

Author

Jean-Claude Bakala-N’Goma, Leslie Couëdelo, Carole Vaysse, Marion Letisse, Véronique Pierre, Alain Géloen, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Michel Lagarde, Jean-David Leao, Frédéric Carrière, Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines (BIP ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe Nutrition, Santé et Biochimie des Lipides (ITERG), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and ANR

Subjects
Absorption intestinale des graisses, Lipolyse, Enzyme, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Lipides, Digestion, General Medicine, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Biochemistry
Abstract

International audience; Les activités spécifiques des lipases gastriques et pancréatiques ont été mesurées à l'aide de triacylglycérols (TAG) issus d'huile de colza, de 1,3-sn-DAG et de 1,2(2,3)-sn-DAG purifiés produits à partir de cette huile, ainsi que d'une huile de colza huile enrichie à 40% w/w DAG (DAGOIL). La lipase gastrique était plus active sur le 1,3 --DAG et le TAG, tandis que la lipase pancréatique présentait une sélectivité inverse avec une activité plus élevée sur le TAG que sur le DAG pris comme substrats initiaux. Cependant, dans les deux cas, les activités les plus élevées étaient affichées sur DAGOIL. Ces résultats montrent que le DAG mélangé au TAG, comme au cours de la digestion, est un meilleur substrat pour les lipases que le TAG. Les mêmes acylglycérols d'huile de colza ont été utilisés pour étudier l' absorption des graisses intestinales - sn -DAG que sur 1,2(2,3) -snchez le rat avec canulation du canal lymphatique mésentérique. Les taux de TAG synthétisés dans l'intestin et la concentration en acides gras totaux dans la lymphe n'étaient pas différents lorsque les rats recevaient des quantités identiques d'huile de colza TAG, de 1,2(2,3)-- DAG ou de DAGOIL. Depuis la lipolyse du 1,3- sn -DAG, 1,3- sn sn-DAG par les lipases digestives conduit au glycérol et non au 2-sn-monoacylglycérol (2- sn - MAG) comme la lipolyse des TAG, ces résultats suggèrent que la re-synthèse des TAG dans les entérocytes peut se faire entièrement via le « glycérol-3-phosphate ». (G3P) », avec la même efficacité que la voie 2- sn -MAG majoritairement impliquée dans l'absorption des graisses intestinales. Ces découvertes apportent un nouvel éclairage sur le rôle joué par les DAG en tant que produits intermédiaires de lipolyse. Selon leur structure, 1,2(2,3) -sn - DAG versus 1,3 - sn -DAG, les DAG peuvent contrôler la voie (2- sn -MAG ou G3P) par laquelle les TAG sont resynthétisés dans les entérocytes .

Published
2022

18. A meal rich in palm oil or butter modifies the sphingolipid profile of postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins from type 2 diabetic women

Author

Marie Michèle Boulet, Catherine Calzada, Magali Pettazzoni, Taïssia Lelekov-Boissard, Charline Buisson, Mathilde Di Filippo, Annie Durand, Stéphanie Lambert-Porcheron, Julie-Anne Nazare, Philippe Moulin, Marie-Caroline Michalski, David Cheillan, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Groupement Hospitalier Lyon-Est (GHE), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and CALZADA, Catherine

Subjects
GM3, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins ceramides, Sphingolipids, ceramides, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Lipoproteins, General Medicine, Palm Oil, Biochemistry, dietary lipids, sphingomyelins, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, tandem mass spectrometry, hazelnut-cocoa palm oil spread, Butter, Humans, chylomicrons, Female, type 2 diabetes, Triglycerides
Abstract

International audience; Elevated concentrations of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL) in the fasting and postprandial states are risk factors for cardiovascular events, especially in type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D modifies the lipid composition of plasma and lipoproteins and some sphingolipids (SP) have been validated as potent predictive biomarkers of cardiovascular disease occurrence. The main objectives of the present study were to characterize the plasma SP profile in fasting T2D patients and to determine whether SP are modified in postprandial TGRL from these patients compared to fasting TGRL. In a randomized parallel-group study, 30 T2D women ingested a breakfast including 20g lipids from either hazelnut cocoa palm oil-rich spread (Palm Nut) or Butter. Plasma was collected and TGRL were isolated by ultracentrifugation at fasting and 4h after the meal. Fasting samples of 6 control subjects from another cohort were analyzed for comparison. SP were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry. Plasma from fasting T2D patients had higher ceramide (Cer) and ganglioside GM3 concentrations, and lower concentrations of sphingosylphosphorylcholine vs healthy subjects. In postprandial TGRL from T2D patients compared to those in the fasting state, Cer concentrations and especially C16:0, C24:1 and C24:0 molecular species, increased after the Palm Nut or Butter breakfast. A positive correlation was observed in the Palm Nut group between changes (Δ4h-fasting) of summed C16:0+C22:0+C24:1+C24:0 Cer concentrations in TGRL, and changes in plasma TG, TGRL-TG and TGRL-C16:0 concentrations. Altogether in T2D, the altered profile of plasma SP and the increased Cer concentrations in postprandial TGRL could contribute to the increased atherogenicity of TGRL.

Published
2022

20. A Mix of Dietary Fibres Changes Interorgan Nutrients Exchanges and Muscle-Adipose Energy Handling in Overfed Mini-Pigs

Author

Savary-Auzeloux, Ahmed Ben Mohamed, Didier Rémond, Andreu Gual-Grau, Annick Bernalier-Donnadille, Frédéric Capel, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Fabienne Laugerette, Benoit Cohade, Noureddine Hafnaoui, Daniel Béchet, Cécile Coudy-Gandilhon, Marine Gueugneau, Jerome Salles, Carole Migné, Dominique Dardevet, Jérémie David, Sergio Polakof, and Isabelle

Subjects
digestive, oral, and skin physiology, overfeeding, dietary fibres, gene expression, SCFA, muscle metabolism, inter-organ metabolism, obesity, food and beverages
Abstract

This study evaluates the capacity of a bread enriched with fermentable dietary fibres to modulate the metabolism and nutrients handling between tissues, gut and peripheral, in a context of overfeeding. Net fluxes of glucose, lactate, urea, short chain fatty acids (SCFA), and amino acids were recorded in control and overfed female mini-pigs supplemented or not with fibre-enriched bread. SCFA in fecal water and gene expressions, but not protein levels or metabolic fluxes, were measured in muscle, adipose tissue, and intestine. Fibre supplementation increased the potential for fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial activity in muscle (acox, ucp2, sdha and cpt1-m, p < 0.05) as well as main regulatory transcription factors of metabolic activity such as pparα, pgc-1α and nrf2. All these features were associated with a reduced muscle fibre cross sectional area, resembling to controls (i.e., lean phenotype). SCFA may be direct inducers of these cross-talk alterations, as their feces content (+52%, p = 0.05) was increased in fibre-supplemented mini-pigs. The SCFA effects could be mediated at the gut level by an increased production of incretins (increased gcg mRNA, p < 0.05) and an up-regulation of SCFA receptors (increased gpr41 mRNA, p < 0.01). Hence, consumption of supplemented bread with fermentable fibres can be an appropriate strategy to activate muscle energy catabolism and limit the establishment of an obese phenotype.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Rapeseed and Soy Lecithin As Food Additives Vectors of α-Linolenic Acid: Impacts on High-Fat Induced Adiposity, Inflammation and Gut Microbiota in Mice

Author

Hubert Vidal, Armelle Penhoat, Chloé Robert, Magali Monnoye, Stéphanie Chanon, Carole Vaysse, François Caillet, Emmanuelle Loizon, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Nicolas Guillot, and Philippe Gérard

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics, food.ingredient, Rapeseed, biology, genetic structures, Chemistry, Food additive, Medicine (miscellaneous), Adipose tissue, Inflammation, Dietary Bioactive Components, Gut flora, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Lecithin, Obesity, food, medicine, Food science, medicine.symptom, Weight gain, Food Science
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Dietary synthetic emulsifiers have recently been shown to promote metabolic syndrome and alter gut microbiota. The effects of natural emulsifiers, such as vegetable lecithin, remain, however, poorly described. Our objective was to evaluate, in mice, the impact of soy and rapeseed lecithin, both rich in essential α-linolenic acid (ALA), when incorporated in high-fat (HF) Western diets on the bioavailability of ALA, as well as on HF-induced adiposity, inflammation and gut microbiota. METHODS: For 13 weeks, male Swiss mice (n = 72) were fed either a standard Chow diet, a control semi-synthetic HF-diet (25 wt% lipids) poor in ALA (HFC), or different ALA-enriched (4.7% of total fatty acids) HF-diets containing 0% lecithin (HFA-L0), a nutritional dose of soy or rapeseed lecithin (10 wt% of lipids; HFA-SL10, HFA-RL10), or a 20 wt% supplemental dose of RL (HFA-RL20). Histomorphology of the epididymal adipose tissue (EAT) was analysed; hepatic lipid composition was determined by GC-FID, gene expression by RT-PCR, and faecal microbiota composition by 16S sequencing. RESULTS: Within ALA-rich HF diets, the hepatic bioavailability of ALA was similar whether ALA was vectorised as lecithin (HFA-RL10, HFA-RL20, HFA-SL10) or as oil only (HFA-L0) (yet, all higher than HFC). Similarly to HFC, HFA-SL10 and HFA-RL20, but not HFA-RL10, increased body weight gain (P

Published
2021

22. Uptake of fatty acids by the enterocyte: New insights gained from mathematical modeling

Author

Marie-Caroline Michalski, Julie Etienne, Armelle Penhoat, Carole Knibbe, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Artificial Evolution and Computational Biology (BEAGLE), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), and Etienne, Julie

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION, Enterocyte, Chemistry, GeneralLiterature_INTRODUCTORYANDSURVEY, health care facilities, manpower, and services, education, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, stomatognathic diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, InformationSystems_MODELSANDPRINCIPLES, Biochemistry, medicine, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, health care economics and organizations, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [INFO.INFO-BI] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]
Abstract

Poster followed by an oral communication; International audience

Published
2021

23. Rapeseed and soy lecithin as vectors of α-linolenic acid: Impacts on adiposity, inflammation and gut microbiota in high-fat fed mice

Author

Chloé Robert, Stéphanie Chanon, Hubert Vidal, Magali Monnoye, François Caillet, Armelle Penhoat, Philippe Gérard, Emmanuelle Loizon, Carole Vaysse, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Aurelie Vielle-Marchiset, Emmanuelle Meugnier, and Nicolas Guillot

Subjects
SOY LECITHIN, Rapeseed, biology, Chemistry, medicine, Inflammation, Food science, Gut flora, medicine.symptom, biology.organism_classification, High fat fed, α-linolenic acid
Published
2021

25. Milk polar lipids favorably alter circulating and intestinal ceramide and sphingomyelin species in postmenopausal women

Author

Chloé Robert, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Nadine Leconte, Manon Lecomte, Laurie Joumard-Cubizolles, David Cheillan, Karène Bertrand, Anne-Esther Breyton, Emmanuel Combe, Annie Durand, Mélanie Le Barz, Florent Joffre, Martine Laville, Corinne Malpuech-Brugère, Cécile Vors, Michèle Trauchessec, Lemlih Ouchchane, Charlotte Cuerq, Sandra Pesenti, Patrice Gaborit, Hubert Vidal, Eddy Cotte, Jocelyne Drai, Stéphanie Lambert-Porcheron, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Emmanuelle Loizon, Annick Bernalier-Donadille, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut des Corps Gras, (ITERG), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Unité Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Service de Biochimie et Biologie, Centre, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Unité de Nutrition Endocrinologie Métabolisme, Service de Biochimie, ACTALIA, Dairy Products and Technologies, Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Microbiologie Environnement Digestif Santé (MEDIS), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre-Bénite, Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Biostatistiques [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], Direction de la recherche clinique et de l’innovation [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] (DRCI), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, FUNDINGS. Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR-11-ALID-007-01, Regional Hospital Clinical Research Program (PHRCI-2014: VALOBAB, n°14-007), French Dairy Interbranch Organization (CNIEL), Groupe Lipides et Nutrition (GLN 2018-11-07), Hospices Civils de Lyon as sponsor., Giboulot, Anne, Actalia - division produits laitiers, Actalia [Saint-Lô], Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, chemistry.chemical_compound, Feces, 0302 clinical medicine, Cheese, maladie cardiovasculaire, Gastrointestinal tract, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, food and beverages, General Medicine, Cardiovascular disease, 3. Good health, Sphingomyelins, Postmenopause, Postprandial, Cholesterol, Milk, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, lipide polaire, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Sphingomyelin, medicine.medical_specialty, Ceramide, sphingomyéline, Ceramides, 03 medical and health sciences, intestin, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Clinical Trials, Lipid rafts, Glycoproteins, business.industry, lipide du lait, ménopause, Metabolism, Lipid Droplets, Overweight, Lipid Metabolism, Diet, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, Clinical Medicine, Glycolipids, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Chylomicron
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND. High circulating levels of ceramides (Cer) and sphingomyelins (SM) have been associated with cardiometabolic diseases. The consumption of whole-fat dairy products, which naturally contain such polar lipids (PL), is associated with health benefits, but the impact on sphingolipidome remains unknown. We investigated how milk PL supplementation impacts circulating and intestinal SM and Cer composition in association with improvement of cardiovascular markers.METHODS. In a 4 week-randomized double-blind controlled study, 58 postmenopausal women consumed daily a cream cheese containing 0, 3 or 5 g of milk PL. Postprandial metabolic explorations were performed before and after the supplementation. SM and Cer species were analyzed in serum, intestine-derived chylomicrons and feces. The ileal content of 4 ileostomy patients was also explored after milk PL intake in a crossover double-blind study.RESULTS. Milk PL consumption decreased serum atherogenic C24:1 Cer (Pgroup = 0.033), C16:1 (Pgroup = 0.007) and C18:1 (Pgroup = 0.003) SM species. Changes in serum C16+18 SM species were positively correlated with the reduction of total cholesterol (r = 0.706, P < 0.001), LDL-C (r = 0.666, P < 0.001) and ApoB (r = 0.705, P < 0.001). Milk PL decreased the concentration in chylomicrons of total SM (Pgroup < 0.0001) and of C24:1 Cer (Pgroup = 0.001). Saturated SM and Cer species, which are also the major species found in milk PL-enriched cheeses, increased in ileal efflux and feces. There was a marked increase in total fecal Cer after milk PL supplementation (Pgroup = 0.0002). Milk PL also modulated the abundance of some specific SM and Cer species in ileal efflux and feces, suggesting differential absorption and metabolization processes in the gut.CONCLUSION. These data demonstrate that milk PL supplementation decreases atherogenic SM and Cer species associated with an improvement of cardiovascular risk markers. Our findings bring new insights on sphingolipid metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract, especially Cer as such signaling molecules potentially participating in the beneficial effect of milk PL. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02099032, NCT02146339.

Published
2021

26. Polar Lipids

Author

Claire Bourlieu, Nathalie Barouh, Jeanne KERGOMARD, Olivia Ménard, Didier Dupont, Pierre Villeneuve, Vié, V., Marie-Caroline Michalski, Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Fidel Toldrá , Leo M.L. Nollet, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Nollet FTLML, Giboulot, Anne, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Rennes (UR), and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], emulsion, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Fractionation Procedures, Ceramides, Sphingolipid, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Phospholipid, Milk Polar Lipids, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Dairy Products, foam, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Analytical Cutting-Edges Technologies
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

27. Metabolic impact of dietary lipids: towards a role of unabsorbed lipid residues?☆

Author

Marie-Caroline Michalski, Cécile Vors, Mélanie Le Barz, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), AstraZenecaCarnot LISA InstituteFrancophone Diabetes SocietyFrancophone Nutrition SocietyCNIEL, and MICHALSKI, Marie-Caroline

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, endotoxin, polar lipids, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Inflammation, lcsh:TP670-699, oil, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, fat, medicine, emulsifier, intestine, Barrier function, chemistry.chemical_classification, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, gut barrier, Chemistry, Fatty acid, Lipid metabolism, Metabolism, Polar lipids, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030104 developmental biology, nutrition, inflammation, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), medicine.symptom, lcsh:Oils, fats, and waxes, Sphingomyelin, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Agronomy and Crop Science, Food Science, Chylomicron
Abstract

The metabolic impact of dietary lipids needs to be considered beyond the fatty acid profile and energetic value of such lipids. Fatty acids are the building blocks of the different lipid molecules, including triacylglycerols and phospholipids, which are organized within various supramolecular structures such as emulsion droplets. These structures can also be naturally present or incorporateda posterioriin different food matrices. Gut health including its barrier function and microbiota is now recognized as a major player in cardiometabolic health. Even if more than 95% of dietary lipids are absorbed by the intestine to reach the bloodstream within the chylomicrons, a small proportion that is not absorbed is however able to interact with the microbiota and the cells of the distal intestine. The present non-exhaustive review will summarize briefly recent work on the impact of dietary lipids on absorption and their metabolic fate in the intestine, in particular on endotoxemia and low-grade inflammation related to obesity. Functional lipids are important ingredients used in food formulation and recent work has revealed the potential impact of some food emulsifiers on metabolism and inflammation in rodents in line with intestinal effects. Of particular interest in this review will be also recent findings on the benefits of dairy polar lipids on human lipid metabolism and their beneficial effects on metabolic inflammation in preclinical models. The review will also address the underlying mechanisms related to the metabolic fate of specific lipids such as sphingomyelin in the distal intestine, the microbiota and some actors of the intestinal barrier. Finally, these recent findings will be considered in the concept of the “food matrix effect” opening perspectives in the nutritional management of metabolic disorders.

Published
2021

28. Nutritional significance of milk lipids: From Bioactive Fatty Acids to Supramolecular Structures Impacting Metabolism

Author

C. Bourlieu, Marie-Caroline Michalski, M. Milard, Etienne Guillocheau, Vincent Rioux, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), McSweeney, Paul L. H., Fox, P. F.., and O'Mahony, James A.

Subjects
030309 nutrition & dietetics, Milk Fat, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Phospholipid, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Milk Fat Globule Membrane, Food science, Metabolic disease, 030304 developmental biology, Nutrition, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition & Dietetics, Milk polar lipids, Lipides, Fatty acid, food and beverages, Lipid metabolism, Metabolism, Sphingolipid, 3. Good health, Milk, chemistry, Infant formula, Sphingomyelin, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Lait
Abstract

International audience; Milk presents a unique lipid variety, including several hundreds of different fatty acid species with various bioactivities. However, bovine milk fat still suffers from a bad image in the lay public because it is rich in saturated fatty acids, which are perceived as associated with deleterious health effects only. In contrast, recent meta-analyses report lack of correlation between milk fat consumption and cardiovascular diseases, and some analyses even report protective effects. This chapter will first focus on the major recent scientific advances on the impact of specific molecular fatty acid species (among which specific odd and trans species, including trans-palmitoleic acid) and supramolecular structures of milk fat (the milk fat globule and its membrane, rich in polar lipids) on several aspects of lipid metabolism and metabolic disease risk. We will highlight possible mechanisms, such as those related to the impact of milk lipids in the gut. This includes residues of sphingolipids, which can reach the colon and exert effects of physiological interest. Secondly, we present the recent advances in infant nutrition science related to knowledge gained on the importance of milk fat globule structure, breastmilk vs infant formula, on metabolic programming and the recent advances in this field.

Published
2021

29. Impact of Rapeseed and Soy Lecithin on Postprandial Lipid Metabolism, Bile Acid Profile, and Gut Bacteria in Mice

Author

Chloé Robert, Hélène Abrous, Carole Vaysse, Lydie Humbert, Charline Buisson, Maria C. Urdaci, Benjamin Van Dorsselaer, Dominique Rainteau, Fabienne Laugerette, François Caillet, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Emmanuelle Loizon, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Justine Vande Weghe, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Equipe Nutrition, Santé et Biochimie des Lipides (ITERG), Laboratoire des biomolécules (LBM UMR 7203), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre (FR 2769), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biochimie appliquée, Université de Bordeaux (UB), Bordeaux Sciences Agro [Gradignan], and Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, food.ingredient, medicine.drug_class, Phospholipid, Gut flora, Lecithin, Bile Acids and Salts, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, food, Lecithins, medicine, Animals, Food science, intestine, phospholipid, food additive, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, biology, Bile acid, Chemistry, Brassica napus, Clostridium leptum, alpha-Linolenic Acid, Lipid metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, Postprandial Period, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Lipids, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, nutrition, 030104 developmental biology, Postprandial, Soybeans, Metabolic syndrome, absorption, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

Scope Synthetic emulsifiers have recently been shown to promote metabolic syndrome and considerably alter gut microbiota. Yet, data is lacking regarding the effects of natural emulsifiers, such as plant lecithins rich in essential α-linolenic acid (ALA), on gut and metabolic health. Methods and results For 5 days, male Swiss mice were fed diets containing similar amounts of ALA and 0, 1, 3 or 10% rapeseed lecithin (RL) or 10% soy lecithin (SL). Following an overnight fast, they were force-fed the same oil mixture and euthanised after 90min. The consumption of lecithin significantly increased faecal levels of Clostridium leptum (p = 0.0004), regardless of origin or dose, without altering hepatic or intestinal expression of genes of lipid metabolism. 10%-RL increased ALA abundance in plasma triacylglycerols at 90min, reduced caecal bile acid hydrophobicity and increased their sulfatation, as demonstrated by the increased hepatic RNA expression of Sult2a1 (p = 0.037) and caecal CA-7S concentration (p = 0.05) versus 0%-lecithin. Conclusion After only 5 days, nutritional doses of RL and SL modified gut bacteria in mice, by specifically increasing Clostridium leptum group. RL also increased postprandial ALA abundance and induced beneficial modifications of the bile acid profile. ALA-rich lecithins, especially RL, may then appear as promising natural emulsifiers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Published
2021

30. Rapeseed Lecithin Increases Lymphatic Lipid Output and α-Linolenic Acid Bioavailability in Rats

Author

Chloé Robert, Charline Buisson, Laurence Fonseca, Elisabeth Errazuriz-Cerda, Carole Vaysse, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Leslie Couëdelo, Emmanuelle Loizon, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Carole Knibbe, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Equipe Nutrition, Santé et Biochimie des Lipides (ITERG), Artificial Evolution and Computational Biology (BEAGLE), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Université de Lyon, Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, food.ingredient, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Medicine (miscellaneous), Biological Availability, Lecithin, Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Internal medicine, Lecithins, lipid metabolism, medicine, Animals, emulsifier, Carnitine, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, Chemistry, Brassica napus, Lipid metabolism, Bioavailability, Rats, alpha-linolenic acid, Endocrinology, Postprandial, nutrition, lecithin, biology.protein, Lymph, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], medicine.drug, Chylomicron
Abstract

International audience; Background: Soybean lecithin, a plant-based emulsifier widely used in food, is capable of modulating postprandial lipid metabolism. With arising concerns of sustainability, alternative sources of vegetal lecithin are urgently needed, and their metabolic effects must be characterized.Objectives: We evaluated the impact of increasing doses of rapeseed lecithin (RL), rich in essential alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), on postprandial lipid metabolism and ALA bioavailability in lymph-cannulated rats.Methods: Male Wistar rats (8 weeks old) undergoing a mesenteric lymph duct cannulation were intragastrically administered 1 g of an oil mixture containing 4% ALA and 0, 1, 3, 10, or 30% RL (5 groups). Lymph fractions were collected for 6 h. Lymph lipids and chylomicrons (CMs) were characterized. The expression of genes implicated in intestinal lipid metabolism was determined in the duodenum at 6 h. Data was analyzed using either sigmoidal or linear mixed-effects models, or one-way ANOVA, where appropriate.Results: RL dose-dependently increased the lymphatic recovery (AUC) of total lipids (1100 mu g/mL.h per additional RL%; P = 0.010) and ALA (50 mu g/mL.h per additional RL%; P = 0.0076). RL induced a faster appearance of ALA in lymph, as evidenced by the exponential decrease of the rate of appearance of ALA with RL (R-2 = 0.26; P= 0.0064). Although the number of CMs was unaffected by RL, CM diameter was increased in the 30%-RL group, compared to the control group (0% RL), by 86% at 3-4 h (P = 0.065) and by 81% at 4-6 h (P = 0.0002) following administration. This increase was positively correlated with the duodenal mRNA expression of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (Mttp; rho= 0.63; P= 0.0052). The expression of Mttp and secretion-associated, ras-related GTPase 1 gene homolog B (Sarl b, CM secretion), carnitine palmitoyltransferase IA (Cpt1a) and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (Acoxl, beta-oxidation), and fatty acid desaturase 2 (Fads2, bioconversion of ALA into long-chain n-3 PUFAs) were, respectively, 49%, 29%, 74%, 48%, and 55% higher in the 30%-RL group vs. the control group (P < 0.05).Conclusions: In rats, RL enhanced lymphatic lipid output, as well as the rate of appearance of ALA, which may promote its subsequent bioavailability and metabolic fate.

Published
2020

31. Postprandial Triglyceride‐Rich Lipoproteins from Type 2 Diabetic Women Stimulate Platelet Activation Regardless of the Fat Source in the Meal

Author

David Cheillan, Taïssia Lelekov-Boissard, Marie Michèle Boulet, Mathilde Di Filippo, Philippe Moulin, Julie-Anne Nazare, Charline Buisson, Stéphanie Lambert-Porcheron, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Jessica Tressou, Catherine Calzada, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme et Dépistage Néonatal, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (MIA-Paris), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm) Nouvelle Societe Francophone d'Atherosclerose, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CALZADA, Catherine, Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (MIA Paris-Saclay)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Platelet Aggregation, Thromboxane, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], postprandial, Type 2 diabetes, Palmitic acid, chemistry.chemical_compound, PRP: platelet-rich plasma, TC: total cholesterol, Meals, TGRL: triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, Aged, 80 and over, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Meal, TG: triglycerides, LPL: lipoprotein lipase, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, food and beverages, Fasting, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Postprandial, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, platelets, Female, FA: fatty acids, type 2 diabetes, Biotechnology, PPP: platelet-poor plasma, medicine.medical_specialty, Lipoproteins, HCS: hazelnut cocoa spread, fatty acids, AA: arachidonic acid, 03 medical and health sciences, TxB 2 : thromboxane B 2 fatty acids, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, CM: chylomicrons, Platelet activation, Triglycerides, Aged, SFA: saturated fatty acid, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, PP: postprandial, Triglyceride, Fatty acid, Platelet Activation, medicine.disease, Dietary Fats, Thromboxane B2, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, chemistry, Dairy Products, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Scope: The aim of this study is to examine whether postprandial (PP) triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL) secreted after a moderate fat intake would activate platelets differently according to their fatty acid (FA) composition. Methods and results: In a parallel single-blind randomized trial, 30 women with type 2 diabetes are assigned a breakfast containing 20 g lipids from butter versus hazelnut-cocoa spread (HCS) rich in palm oil. Blood samples are collected at fasting and 4 h PP. FA composition of fasting and PP TGRL and their effects on the activation of platelets from healthy blood donors are assessed. Both breakfasts similarly increase plasma ApoB-48, plasma, and TGRL triglycerides (p < 0.05). TGRL mean diameter increases after both breakfasts and is greater after the butter breakfast. Both breakfasts are rich in palmitic acid, and the HCS breakfast contains 45% oleic acid. TGRL FA composition reflects the dietary FA composition. Pre-incubation of platelets with fasting and PP TGRL increases collagen-stimulated aggregation (p < 0.01 vs control). Fasting and PP TGRL similarly increase agonist-induced thromboxane B 2 concentrations, and this effect is concentration-dependent for PP TGRL. Conclusion: PP TGRL from type 2 diabetic women after a palm-oil spread versus butter-based mixed meal induce similar acute in vitro platelet activation.

Published
2020

32. Probiotic from human breast milk, Lactobacillus fermentum, promotes growth in animal model of chronic malnutrition

Author

François Leulier, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Martin Schwarzer, Corinne Louche-Pelissier, Valérie Sauvinet, Mélanie Mitchell, Pierre Poinsot, Laure Meiller, Noël Peretti, Armelle Penhoat, Mathias Ruiz, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Instituto Geofísico, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Leulier, François

Subjects
Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Time Factors, Lactobacillus fermentum, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], In Vitro Techniques, Biology, Breast milk, law.invention, Andrology, 03 medical and health sciences, Probiotic, 0302 clinical medicine, law, 030225 pediatrics, Animals, Humans, Micelles, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, Larva, Milk, Human, Inoculation, Microbiota, Probiotics, Malnutrition, fungi, Infant, Newborn, biology.organism_classification, Lipids, Coculture Techniques, Infant Formula, In vitro, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Drosophila melanogaster, Enterocytes, Chronic malnutrition, Infant formula, Chronic Disease, Models, Animal, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, Caco-2 Cells, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Lactobacillus plantarum
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Chronic undernutrition leads to growth hormone resistance and poor growth in children, which has been shown to be modulated by microbiota. We studied whether Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (Lf (CECT5716)), isolated from mother's breast milk, could promote juvenile growth through the modulation of lipid absorption in a model of starvation. METHODS: Germ-free (GF) Drosophila melanogaster larvae were inoculated with Lf (CECT5716) in conditions of undernutrition with and without infant formula. The impact of Lf (CECT5716) on larval growth was assessed 7 days after egg laying (AED) by measuring the larval size and on maturation by measuring the emergence of pupae during 21 days AED. For lipid absorption test, Caco2/TC7 intestinal cells were incubated with Lf (CECT5716) and challenged with mixed lipid micelles. RESULTS: The mono-associated larvae with Lf (CECT5716) were significantly longer than GF larvae (3.7 vs 2.5 mm; p \textless 0.0001). The effect was maintained when Lf (CECT5716) was added to the infant formula. The maturation time of larvae was accelerated by Lf (CECT5716) (12 vs 13.2 days; p = 0.01). Lf (CECT5716) did not have significant impact on lipid absorption in Caco2/TC7 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Lf (CECT5716) is a growth-promoting strain upon undernutrition in Drosophila, with a maintained effect when added to an infant formula but without effect on lipid absorption in vitro.

Published
2020

33. Homogeneous triacylglycerol tracers can impact fat crystallization and its lipolysis rate under simulated physiological conditions

Author

Frédéric Carrière, Cécile Vors, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Carole Knibbe, Sabine Danthine, Annie Durand, Marion Létisse, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech [Gembloux], Université de Liège, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines (BIP ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Artificial Evolution and Computational Biology (BEAGLE), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Homogeneous, law, Chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biophysics, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, Lipolysis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Crystallization, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, law.invention
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

34. Milk polar lipid supplementation improves cholesterol metabolism in postmenopausal women: gut-related mechanisms

Author

Manon Lecomte, Laurie Joumard-Cubizolles, Lemlih Ouchchane, David Cheillan, Hubert Vidal, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Florent Joffre, Stéphanie Lambert-Porcheron, Corinne Malpuech-Brugère, Cécile Vors, Mélanie Le Barz, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Service Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme et Dépistage Néonatal, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Groupement Hospitalier Est, Institut des Corps Gras (ITERG), Institut Pascal (IP), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Unité de gestion du département alimentation humaine, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ANR-11-ALID-0007,VALOBAB,VALOrisation durable du BABeurre : bénéfices nutritionnels, intérêt fonctionnel dans les aliments et perception par le consommateur(2011), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Postmenopausal women, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Risque cardiométabolique, 3. Good health, Clinical trial, Endocrinology, Lipid metabolism, Cholesterol, Milk, Internal medicine, medicine, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Cholesterol metabolism, business, Lipides - Métabolisme, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cardiovascular Risk
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

35. Role of the Matrix on the Digestibility of Dairy Fat and Health Consequences

Author

Sylvie L. Turgeon, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Laurie-Eve Rioux, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), STELA Dairy Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels [université Laval, Québec] (INAF)

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Health consequences, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Health impact, Lipid metabolism, Biology, Biotechnology, 03 medical and health sciences, education, business, Lipid digestion, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

Dairy products are basic products largely consumed in the population, from human milk which is the perfect meal for the newborn to a large variety of dairy products from cow and other mammalians. Dairy products consumption has been recommended for its richness in valuable nutrients, but some research some 30 years ago raised concern on dairy lipid possible health impacts. Since then, the scientific community has tried to decipher the intricate parameters of lipid metabolism in response to lipids varying in composition, structure, food source, in a meal, in a diet, etc. In this chapter, the knowledge coming from epidemiologic studies will be first reviewed to reveal the possible factors that should be studied to understand the lipid travel in the food and in the human body after consumption of different dairy matrices, in order to try to understand their physiological role and health impact. Recent knowledge on how the dairy matrix impacts lipid digestion and metabolism will be reviewed, with a particular emphasis on the knowledge gained from newly developed in vitro models of human digestion.

Published
2020

36. Differential Metabolic Impact of Natural Food-Grade Emulsifiers Rich in Alpha-Linolenic Acid

Author

Carole Vaysse, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Laurence Fonseca, Carole Knibbe, Emmanuelle Loizon, Charline Buisson, Chloé Robert, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Fabienne Laugerette, and Leslie Couëdelo

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics, food.ingredient, alpha-Linolenic acid, Medicine (miscellaneous), Dietary Bioactive Components, Fat absorption, Lecithin, chemistry.chemical_compound, food, chemistry, Natural food, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Food science, Spectrum analysis, Bodily secretions, Food Science, Biological availability
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Dietary synthetic emulsifiers have recently been shown to promote metabolic syndrome and considerably alter gut microbiota. Conversely, natural emulsifiers such as milk polar lipids (PL) are associated with beneficial metabolic effects. The effects of plant PL remain, however, poorly described. Our objective was to evaluate, using two complimentary rodent models, the impact of nutritional doses of lecithin (≤10%) of vegetal sources alternative to soy on gut microbiota, postprandial lipid metabolism, and the bioavailability of an essential plant lipid, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). METHODS: For 5 days, male Swiss mice (n = 60) were fed normolipidic diets (identical ALA content) containing 0, 1, 3 or 10% rapeseed lecithin (RL) or 10% soy lecithin. Following an overnight fast, the mice were force-fed the same oil mix and euthanised after 90 min. As a mechanistic study, male Wistar rats (n = 30) with mesenteric duct cannulation were fed 5 oil mixtures containing 0 to 20% RL. Lymph fractions were collected up to 6 h post-gavage. Plasma and lymph lipid composition was determined using GC-FID, chylomicron (CM) size using light-scattering spectroscopy, and intestinal gene expression and faecal microbiota composition by RT-qPCR. RESULTS: In mice, the consumption of lecithin significantly increased levels of faecal Clostridium leptum (P

Published
2020

37. Dietary lipids and cardiometabolic health: a new vision of structure-activity relationship

Author

Marie-Caroline Michalski, Mélanie Le Barz, Cécile Vors, Claire Bourlieu, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Medicine (miscellaneous), Biological Availability, Target population, Gut flora, 03 medical and health sciences, Structure-Activity Relationship, 0302 clinical medicine, Adverse health effect, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Structure–activity relationship, Animals, Humans, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Food science, 2. Zero hunger, Metabolic Syndrome, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, biology.organism_classification, Lipid Metabolism, Dietary Fats, Lipids, 3. Good health, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Gastrointestinal Absorption, Saturated fatty acid, Disease risk, Digestion, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Fatty acid composition, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

International audience; Purpose of review : The impact of dietary lipids on cardiometabolic health was mainly studied considering their fatty acid composition. This review aims to present the recent change in paradigm whereby the food matrix, the molecular and supramolecular structures of dietary lipids modulate their digestive fate and cardiometabolic impact.Recent findings : Epidemiological studies have reported that the metabolic impact of full-fat dairy products is better than predictable upon saturated fatty acid richness. Milk polar lipid supplementation reduced adiposity and inflammation in rodents by modulating gut microbiota and barrier, and decreased lipid markers of cardiovascular disease risk in humans by lowering cholesterol absorption. The metabolic importance of the structure of lipid molecules carrying omega-3 (molecular carrier) has also been documented. Plant lipids exhibit specific assemblies, membrane and molecular structures with potential health benefits. Lipid emulsifiers used to stabilize fats in processed foods are not mere bystanders of lipid effects and can induce both beneficial and adverse health effects.Summary : These findings open new clinical research questions aiming to further characterize the cardiometabolic fate of lipids, from digestion to bioactive metabolites, according to the food source or molecular carrier. This should be useful to elaborate food formulations for target populations and personalized dietary recommendations.

Published
2020

38. Differential effects of EPA and DHA on plasma and adipose tissue lipid mediators: the ComparED study

Author

Johanne Marin, Sofia Laforest, Fabiana Piscitelli, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Roberta Verde, Benoît Lamarche, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Cécile Vors, André Tchernof, Janie Allaire, Baptiste Fourmaux, Nathalie Bernoud-Hubac, Patrick Couture, and Dominique Fortin

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Nutrition and Dietetics, Medicine (miscellaneous), Adipose tissue, Inflammation, Lipid signaling, Systemic inflammation, Endocannabinoid system, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, chemistry, Adipocyte, Internal medicine, medicine, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), medicine.symptom, Corn oil, Abdominal obesity
Abstract

Oxylipins and endocannabinoids (eCBs) both belong to superclasses of lipid mediators with potent inflammation modulatory activities. The adipose tissue (AT) plays a key role in metabolic syndrome-related inflammation, via altered adipocyte physiology, infiltrated macrophages and altered profile of eCBs. We previously reported that DHA is more potent than EPA at modulating systemic inflammation, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The objective of this study was to compare the individual effect of high-dose DHA and of EPA on circulating lipid mediators, i.e. plasma oxylipins and eCBs, and AT-related inflammation. In a randomized double-blind crossover trial, 154 volunteers with abdominal obesity and low-grade inflammation were subjected to three 10-wk supplementation phases: 1- EPA (2.7 g/d); 2- DHA (2.7 g/d); 3- corn oil (control), each separated by a 9-wk washout. Supplements were provided as re-esterified triacylglycerols. Profiling of plasma oxylipins and eCBs was performed on 58 subjects after each phase. Abdominal subcutaneous AT biopsies were also obtained from 13 individuals after each phase. Plasma DHA-, EPA-, arachidonic acid-derived oxylipins were analyzed by LC-MS. eCBs and some of their bioactive congeners were analyzed in plasma and AT by LC-APCI-MS. Adipocyte diameter was determined by histological analysis and AT macrophage infiltration was quantified by double immunofluorescence. Compared with EPA, DHA increased plasma levels of hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acids (7-, 11-, 14-, 4-, 17-HDOHE; P < 0.0001) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA; P = 0.04). Compared with DHA, EPA led to higher plasma level of hydroxy-eicosapentaenoic acids (12-, 15-, 5-HEPE; P < 0.0001). In the AT, EPA increased the level of oleoylethanolamide (OEA; P = 0.01) compared with DHA, but no other difference was observed between treatments in adipose eCBs and eCB-related lipids. DHA and EPA did not differentially modify adipocyte size distributions (P > 0.50) and proportions of M1-type and M2-type macrophages (P > 0.30). In conclusion, increased plasma levels of anti-inflammatory DHA-derived oxylipins and plasma PEA may be responsible, at least to some extent, for the more potent anti-inflammatory effects of DHA compared with EPA observed in the ComparED study. Conversely, subcutaneous AT does not seem to be involved in explaining such differences between EPA and DHA.

Published
2020

39. Alterations of endogenous sphingolipid metabolism in cardiometabolic diseases: towards novel therapeutic approaches

Author

David Cheillan, Catherine Calzada, Mélanie Le Barz, Marie Michèle Boulet, Marie-Caroline Michalski, CALZADA, Catherine, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Estonian Research Council Societe Francophone du Diabete, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lipid droplets, Cell, Endogeny, Biology, Bioinformatics, Biochemistry, metabolic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Lipid droplet, medicine, Animals, Homeostasis, Humans, Obesity, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], [SDV.BBM.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Metabolic Syndrome, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, sphingolipids, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, Cell Membrane, Lipid metabolism, General Medicine, Metabolism, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, Sphingolipid, 3. Good health, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Gastrointestinal Tract, lipoproteins, Metabolic pathway, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cholesterol, Intestinal Absorption, Liver, Cardiovascular Diseases, Signal Transduction
Abstract

International audience; The increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases is a worldwide public health concern, and the advent of new analytical technologies has made it possible to highlight the involvement of some molecules, such as sphingolipids (SL), in their pathophysiology. SL are constituents of cell membranes, lipoproteins and lipid droplets (LD), and are now considered as bioactive molecules. Indeed, growing evidence suggests that SL, characterized by diverse families and species, could represent one of the main regulators of lipid metabolism. There is an increasing amount of data reporting that plasma SL profile is altered in metabolic diseases. However, less is known about SL metabolism dysfunction in cells and tissues and how it may impact the lipoprotein metabolism, its functionality and composition. In car-diometabolic pathologies, the link between serum SL concentrations and alterations of their metabolism in various organs and LD is still unclear. Pharmacological approaches have been developed in order to activate or inhibit specific key enzymes of the SL metabolism, and to positively modulate SL profile or related metabolic pathways. Nevertheless, little is known about the long-term impact of such approaches in humans and the current literature still focuses on the decomposition of the different parts of this complex system rather than performing an integrated analysis of the whole SL metabolism. In addition, since SL can be provided from exogenous sources, it is also of interest to evaluate their impact on the homeostasis of endogenous SL metabolism, which could be beneficial in prevention or treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders.

Published
2020

40. Contributors

Author

Marcel Amills, Olivier Bernard, Antoine Bily, Simona Birtić, Hubert Bonnefond, Ana P. Carvalho, Sook Chin Chew, Alex Clop, Leslie Couëdelo, Cristina Delerue-Matos, Ana C. Freitas, Ana M. Gomes, Clara Grosso, Jelena Helene Cvejic, Mickaël Laguerre, Antonio Luca Langellotti, Tonderayi M. Matsungo, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Manuela M. Moreira, Kar Lin Nyam, Semih Ötleş, Cristina Óvilo, Vasfiye Hazal Özyurt, Armelle Penhoat, Linda P. Siziba, Carole Vaysse, Vito Verardo, Cécile Vors, and Wissam Zam

Published
2020

41. Efficacy of two vitamin E formulations in patients with abetalipoproteinemia and chylomicron retention disease

Author

Philippe Moulin, Jocelyne Drai, Emmanuelle Reboul, Emile Levy, Charlotte Cuerq, Lioara Restier, Noël Peretti, Mathilde Di Filippo, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Alain Lachaux, Emilie Blond, Pierre Poinsot, Agnès Sassolas, Sybil Charrière, Cyrielle Caussy, Christian Laveille, Christophe Marçais, Emilie Henin, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Systèmes et des Procédés (LMSP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, apoprotein-b, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, tissu adipeux, métabolisme des lipides, Anderson disease, adipose-tissue, Biochemistry, Gastroenterology, Hypobetalipoproteinemias, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, liquid-chromatography, Vitamin E, chronic cholestasis, triglyceride transfer protein, Research Articles, Vitamin E Acetate, lipoprotéine, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, chylomicron, Middle Aged, tocopherol, metabolic disease, Abetalipoproteinemia, adipose tissue, 3. Good health, lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, absorption, hypocholesterolemia, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Vitamin E deficiency, Safety, Chylomicron retention disease, Adult, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, medicine.medical_specialty, Drug Compounding, Drug Storage, Médecine humaine et pathologie, Biological Availability, andersons disease, QD415-436, Tocofersolan, 03 medical and health sciences, Malabsorption Syndromes, alpha-tocopherol, Internal medicine, abetalipoproteinémie, medicine, Humans, hypocholestérolemie, adipose, business.industry, tissue, Cell Biology, fatty-acids, maladie métabolique, mutations, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Fat-Soluble Vitamin, Intestinal Absorption, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, Human health and pathology, business, alpha-Tocopherol, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, lipid-metabolism
Abstract

International audience; Abetalipoproteinemia (ABL) and chylomicron retention disease (CMRD) are extremely rare recessive forms of hypobetalipoproteinemia characterized by intestinal lipid malabsorption and severe vitamin E deficiency. Vitamin E is often supplemented in the form of fat-soluble vitamin E acetate, but fat malabsorption considerably limits correction of the deficiency. In this crossover study, we administered two different forms of vitamin E, tocofersolan (a water-soluble derivative of RRR-alpha-tocopherol) and alpha-tocopherol acetate, to three patients with ABL and four patients with CMRD. The aims of this study were to evaluate the intestinal absorption characteristics of tocofersolan versus alpha-tocopherol acetate by measuring the plasma concentrations of alpha-tocopherol over time after a single oral load and to compare efficacy by evaluating the ability of each formulation to restore vitamin E storage after 4 months of treatment. In patients with ABL, tocofersolan and alpha-tocopherol acetate bioavailabilities were extremely low (2.8% and 3.1%, respectively). In contrast, bioavailabilities were higher in patients with CMRD (tocofersolan, 24.7%; alpha-tocopherol acetate, 11.4%). Plasma concentrations of alpha-tocopherol at 4 months were not significantly different by formulation type in ABL or CMRD. This study provides new insights about vitamin E status in ABL and CMRD and suggests the potential of different formulations as treatment options.

Published
2018

42. Le profil en sphingolipides circulants est modifié par un apport en sphingolipides alimentaires via une supplémentation en lipides polaires laitiers chez des femmes ménopausées à risque cardiovasculaire

Author

Mélanie Le Barz, Cécile Vors, Laurie Joumard-Cubizolles, Emmanuel Combe, Joffre, F., Ouchchane, L., Chloe Robert, Annie Durand, Raynal, K., Nadine Leconte, Hubert Vidal, Laville, M., Lambert-Porcheron, S., Corinne Malpuech-Brugère, David Cheillan, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut des corps gras (ITERG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Actalia [Saint-Lô], Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne (CRNH d'Auvergne), Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA). UMR UMR INRA / AgroCampus Rennes : Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'?uf (1253)., Actalia, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Grenoble

Subjects
sphingolipide, risque cardiovasculaire, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, lipide polaire, ménopause, supplémentation, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, produit laitier
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

43. Increased jejunal permeability in human obesity is revealed by a lipid challenge and is linked to inflammation and type 2 diabetes

Author

Laurent Genser, Doriane Aguanno, Joe-Elie Salem, Liping Dong, Philippe Wind, Fabienne Laugerette, Laurence Trystram, Jean-Christophe Vaillant, Karen E. Assmann, Armelle Leturque, Jean-Michel Oppert, Sophie Thenet, Christine Poitou, Hédi Soula, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Karine Clément, Monique Rousset, and Edith Brot-Laroche

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Intestinal permeability, Ussing chamber, business.industry, Zonulin, Inflammation, Systemic inflammation, Occludin, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Barrier function, Ex vivo
Abstract

Obesity and its metabolic complications are characterized by subclinical systemic and tissue inflammation. In rodent models of obesity, inflammation and metabolic impairments are linked with intestinal barrier damage. However, whether intestinal permeability is altered in human obesity remains to be investigated. In a cohort of 122 severely obese and non-obese patients, we analyzed intestinal barrier function combining in vivo and ex vivo investigations. We found tight junction impairments in the jejunal epithelium of obese patients, evidenced by a reduction of occludin and tricellulin. Serum levels of zonulin and LPS binding protein, two markers usually associated with intestinal barrier alterations, were also increased in obese patients. Intestinal permeability per se was assessed in vivo by quantification of urinary lactitol/mannitol (L/M) and measured directly ex vivo on jejunal samples in Ussing chambers. In the fasting condition, L/M ratio and jejunal permeability were not significantly different between obese and non-obese patients, but high jejunal permeability to small molecules (0.4 kDa) was associated with systemic inflammation within the obese cohort. Altogether, these results suggest that intestinal barrier function is subtly compromised in obese patients. We thus tested whether this barrier impairment could be exacerbated by dietary lipids. To this end, we challenged jejunal samples with lipid micelles and showed that a single exposure increased permeability to macromolecules (4 kDa). Jejunal permeability after the lipid load was two-fold higher in obese patients compared to non-obese controls and correlated with systemic and intestinal inflammation. Moreover, lipid-induced permeability was an explicative variable of type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, intestinal barrier defects are present in human severe obesity and exacerbated by a lipid challenge. This paves the way to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to modulate intestinal barrier function or personalize nutrition therapy to decrease lipid-induced jejunal leakage in metabolic diseases. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2018

44. Impacts métaboliques et inflammatoires des matières grasses émulsionnées

Author

Team1 Carmen, Carmen Lab, Cecile Vors, and Marie-Caroline MICHALSKI

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nutrition and Dietetics, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Published
2017

45. Soybean polar lipids differently impact adipose tissue inflammation and the endotoxin transporters LBP and sCD14 in flaxseed vs. palm oil-rich diets

Author

Manon Lecomte, Emmanuelle Loizon, Carole Vaysse, Pascale Plaisancié, Alain Géloën, Annie Durand, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Leslie Couëdelo, Florent Joffre, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Fabienne Laugerette, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut des Corps Gras (ITERG), ITERG, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie (UP1 UFR02), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), ITERG (ITERG), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut Multidisciplinaire de Biochimie des Lipides (IMBL), Covalab-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Oméga 21, and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, endotoxin, Panniculitis, huile de palme, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Clinical Biochemistry, Lipopolysaccharide Receptors, tissu adipeux, Adipose tissue, White adipose tissue, endotoxine, Biochemistry, Lecithin, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Food science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, palm oil, Membrane Glycoproteins, Nutrition and Dietetics, alpha-Linolenic acid, Fatty Acids, adipose tissue, Liver, lipide polaire, medicine.symptom, Lipopolysaccharide binding protein, food.ingredient, Dietary lipid, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Inflammation, Biology, Diet, High-Fat, 03 medical and health sciences, food, medicine, Animals, soja, Molecular Biology, soya bean, huile de lin, Fatty acid, linseed oil, Mice, Inbred C57BL, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Dietary Supplements, biology.protein, Soybeans, Carrier Proteins, Acute-Phase Proteins
Abstract

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are nutritional pathologies, characterized by a subclinical inflammatory state. Endotoiins are now well recognized as an important factor implicated in the onset and maintain of this inflammatory state during fat digestion in high-fat diet. As a preventive strategy, lipid formulation could be optimized to limit these phenomena, notably regarding fatty acid profile and PL emulsifier content. Little is known about soybean polar lipid (SPL) consumption associated to oils rich in saturated FA vs. anti-inflammatory omega-3 FA such as alpha-linolenic acid on inflammation and metabolic endotoxemia. We then investigated in mice the effect of different synthetic diets enriched with two different oils, palm oil or flaxseed oil and containing or devoid of SPL on adipose tissue inflammation and endotoxin receptors. In both groups containing SPL, adipose tissue (WAT) increased compared with groups devoid of SPL and an induction of MCP-1 and LBP was observed in WAT. However, only the high-fat diet in which flaxseed oil was associated with SPL resulted in both higher WAT inflammation and higher circulating sCD14 in plasma. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that LPS transporters LBP and sCD14 and adipose tissue inflammation can be modulated by SPL in high fat diets differing in oil composition. Notably high-flaxseed oil diet exerts a beneficial metabolic impact, however blunted by PL addition. Our study suggests that nutritional strategies can be envisaged by optimizing dietary lipid sources in manufactured products, including fats/oils and polar lipid emulsifiers, in order to limit the inflammatory impact of palatable foods.

Published
2017

46. Circulating sphingolipid profile is modified by exogenous intake of sphingolipids through supplementation with milk polar lipids in postmenopausal women

Author

Mélanie Le Barz, Cécile Vors, Laurie Joumard-Cubizolles, Emmanuel Combe, Florent Joffre, Lemlih Ouchchane, Chloé Robert, Hubert Vidal, Stéphanie Lambert Porcheron, Corinne Malpuech-Brugère, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut des Corps Gras (ITERG), Institut Pascal (IP), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Unité de gestion du département alimentation humaine, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ANR-11-ALID-0007,VALOBAB,VALOrisation durable du BABeurre : bénéfices nutritionnels, intérêt fonctionnel dans les aliments et perception par le consommateur(2011), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MICHALSKI, Marie-Caroline, and Systèmes Alimentaires Durables - VALOrisation durable du BABeurre : bénéfices nutritionnels, intérêt fonctionnel dans les aliments et perception par le consommateur - - VALOBAB2011 - ANR-11-ALID-0007 - ALID - VALID

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Sphingolipids, Milk, Metabolism, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

47. Differential associations between plasma oxylipins and cardiometabolic risk factors after DHA and EPA supplementation: the ComparED study

Author

Cecile Vors, Patrick Couture, Janie Allaire, Marin, J., Baptiste Fourmaux, Nathalie Bernoud-Hubac, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Benoit Lamarche, Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels [université Laval, Québec] (INAF), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), European Project: 705913,PIMS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), MICHALSKI, Marie-Caroline, and Mechanistic studies of long chain omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and inflammation in metabolic syndrome - PIMS - 705913 - INCOMING

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Inflammation Mediators/metabolism, Omega 3 PUFA, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fatty acids FA
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

48. Les lipides polaires laitiers diminuent les facteurs lipidiques du risque cardiovasculaire chez des femmes ménopausées : rôle potentiel de l’interaction intestinale sphingomyéline/cholestérol

Author

Cecile Vors, Laurie Joumard-Cubizolles, Manon Lecomte, Emmanuel Combe, Lemlih Ouchchane, Jocelyne Drai, Ketsia Raynal-Ljutovac, Florent Joffre, Laure Meiller, Mélanie Le Barz, Geneviève Gésan-Guiziou, Jean-Pierre Bodin, David Cheillan, Hubert Vidal, Eddy Cotte, Martine Laville, Annick Bernalier-Donadille, Stéphanie Lambert Porcheron, Corinne Malpuech-Brugère, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Centre Européen pour la Nutrition et la Santé (CENS), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pascal (IP), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Technique des Produits Laitiers Caprins (ITPLC), Institut des Corps Gras (ITERG), Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, ENILIA-ENSMIC, Service Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme et Dépistage Néonatal, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Groupement Hospitalier Est, Service de chirurgie oncologique, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Microbiologie Environnement Digestif Santé (MEDIS), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Unité de gestion du département alimentation humaine, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire CarMeN, ANR-11-ALID-0007,VALOBAB,VALOrisation durable du BABeurre : bénéfices nutritionnels, intérêt fonctionnel dans les aliments et perception par le consommateur(2011), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Grenoble, and INRA Clermont-Ferrand-Theix-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])

Subjects
Etude clinique randomisée, Phospholipides structurés, Risque cardio-vasculaire, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Lipides alimentaires, Risque cardiométabolique, Lipides - Métabolisme, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Lait bovin
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

49. Milk Polar Lipids Reduce Cholesterolemia by Decreasing Cholesterol Absorption in Humans (P06-041-19)

Author

Corinne Malpuech-Brugère, Cécile Vors, Laurie Joumard-Cubizolles, Lemlih Ouchchane, Stéphanie Lambert-Porcheron, K. Raynal, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Martine Laville, Geneviève Gésan-Guiziou, Florent Joffre, Laure Meiller, Manon Lecomte, Eddy Cotte, Emmanuel Combe, Emilie Blond, Mélanie Le Barz, Jocelyne Drai, Patrice Gaborit, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Institut des corps gras (ITERG), ENILIA-ENSMIC, Actalia, Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Université de Lyon (COMUE), American Society for Nutrition., ProdInra, Migration, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Actalia [Saint-Lô]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Diet therapy, [SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medicine (miscellaneous), Blood lipids, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, diet therapy, ldl cholesterol lipoproteins, high density lipoprotein, cholesterol cardiovascular disease risk, Internal medicine, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, medicine, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 2. Zero hunger, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, Cholesterol, Dietary Bioactive Components, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Crossover study, 3. Good health, Coprostanol, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Postprandial, Endocrinology, chemistry, Intestinal cholesterol absorption, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Food Science, Chylomicron
Abstract

Objectives: Nutritional strategies can play a major role in the management of cholesterolemia, notably in postmenopausal women at risk of CVD. Interest has recently grown on the potential health benefits of milk polar lipids (MPL).We showed that isolipidic enrichment of the diet with MPL improved several lipid CV risk factors but underlying mechanisms remained unclear. We hypothesized that MPL reduce intestinal cholesterol absorption in humans. Methods:We performed a double-blind randomized controlled trial in 58 postmenopausal women with fasting HDL-cholesterol < 1.6 mM.They were subjected to a 4-week dietary intervention with daily consumption of a cream-cheese containing 12 g of milk fat including either 0 g (control, n = 19), 3 g (n = 19) or 5 g (n = 20) of MPL. Before and after each intervention, blood lipids were measured in the whole cohortwhereas fecal lipids and coprostanol were analyzed in a subgroup (n = 7–9 per group). A proof-of-concept mechanistic crossover study was also carried out in 4 ileostomized subjects who performed 8hpostprandial tests after consuming 0g-, 3g- or 5g-MPL enriched cheese labelled with 2H-cholesterol tracer. Plasma, chylomicrons and ileal efflux were analyzed. Results: Milk fat enriched with 3 to 5 g MPL induced doseresponse reductions in serum total cholesterol (up to −6.8% in 5 g group, p < 0.05), LDL-cholesterol (−8.7%, p < 0.05) and HDL/total-cholesterol ratio (p < 0.001), compared to the control that had no effect. Fecal excretion of coprostanol increased after MPL supplementation (p < 0.05, 3g- and 5g-MPL vs control), and the fecal coprostanol/cholesterol ratio was inversely correlated with serum total- and LDL-cholesterol after intervention (r = −0.5, p < 0.05). In ileostomized subjects, postprandial accumulation of 2Hcholesterol in plasma and chylomicrons was reduced after 3 to 5 g MPL consumption (p < 0.05, vs control). Both cholesterol and milk sphingomyelin increased in ileal efflux after MPL enriched cheeses (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Present results suggest that milk polar lipids decrease cholesterol absorption in humans through interactions with sphingomyelin and by increasing conversion of cholesterol to coprostanol. Funding Sources: ANR (French National Research Agency, VALOBAB project, ANR-11-ALID-007–01), PHRC-I (French Clinical Research Program, 14–007), CNIEL (French Dairy Interbranch Organization).

Published
2019

50. Large triglyceride-rich lipoproteins from fasting patients with type 2 diabetes activate platelets

Author

Catherine Calzada, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Charline Buisson, M. Di Filippo, David Cheillan, Marie Michèle Boulet, Philippe Moulin, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire d'ingénierie circulation transports (LICIT), Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leur Sécurité (INRETS)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CALZADA, Catherine, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
endocrine system diseases, Platelet aggregation, Apolipoprotein B, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Platelet, Cells, Cultured, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Triglyceride rich lipoproteins, Arachidonic Acid, biology, Fasting, General Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Middle Aged, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, 3. Good health, Signal transduction, Signal Transduction, Adult, Blood Platelets, Platelets, medicine.medical_specialty, Lipoproteins, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Triglycerides, Triglyceride, business.industry, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Atherosclerosis, Platelet Activation, medicine.disease, Cardiovascular risk, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, chemistry, biology.protein, business
Abstract

AIMS: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients present with risk factors for atherothrombosis such as fasting hypertriglyceridaemia and platelet hyperactivity. Our study objective was to determine the effect of large triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL) from fasting T2D patients on platelet aggregation and, if any, to identify the signaling pathway involved. METHODS: Large TGRL were isolated from the plasma of 25 T2D patients by ultracentrifugation (density \textless 1.000 g/mL). Platelets were isolated from healthy blood donors (HBD) and suspended in buffer, then preincubated in the presence or absence of TGRL and stimulated with either collagen or thrombin. Platelet aggregation and the arachidonic acid (AA) signaling pathway were studied. RESULTS: Fasting T2D large TGRL were mostly of hepatic origin (apoB100/apoB48 ratio: 42 +/- 7) and rich in triglycerides (TG/total apoB ratio: 4.2 +/- 0.5), and able to potentiate agonist-stimulated platelet aggregation (collagen: +68%, P \textless 0.05; thrombin: +771%, P \textless 0.05). It should also be mentioned that TGRL from the plasma of HBD (n = 7) had no effect on platelet aggregation. In addition, T2D large TGRL increased thromboxane B2 (TxB2) concentration in platelets stimulated with either collagen (+34%, P \textless 0.05) or thrombin (+37%, P \textless 0.05) compared with platelets stimulated with either of these agonists without TGRL. Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) was enhanced after incubation of platelets with T2D TGRL and thrombin (+87% and +32%, respectively, P \textless 0.05) compared with platelets incubated with thrombin only. CONCLUSION: Large TGRL from fasting T2D patients may play a role in the development of atherothrombosis by increasing platelet aggregation and activating the platelet AA signaling pathway.

Published
2019

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results