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5. Between but not within species variation in the distribution of fitness effects

Author

James, Jennifer, Kastally, Chedly, Budde, Katharina B., González-Martínez, Santiago C., Milesi, Pascal, Pyhäjärvi, Tanja, Alizoti, Paraskevi, Alía, Ricardo, Ambrosio, Olivier, Aravanopoulos, Filippos A., von Arx, Georg, Audrey, Albet, Auñón, Francisco, Avanzi, Camilla, Avramidou, Evangelia, Bagnoli, Francesca, Bajc, Marko, Ballesteros, Eduardo, Barbas, Evangelos, del Barrio, José M. García, Bastias, Cristina C., Bastien, Catherine, Beffa, Giorgia, Benavides, Raquel, Benoit, Vanina, Bernier, Frédéric, Bignalet, Henri, Bodineau, Guillaume, Bouic, Damien, Brodbeck, Sabine, Brunetto, William, Buchovska, Jurata, Buret, Corinne, Buy, Melanie, Cabanillas-Saldaña, Ana M., Carvalho, Bárbara, Cavers, Stephen, Del Caño, Fernando, Cervantes, Sandra, Cheval, Nicolas, Climent, José M., Correard, Marianne, Cremer, Eva, Danusevičius, Darius, Dauphin, Benjamin, Denou, Jean-Luc, Dokhelar, Bernard, Ducousso, Alexis, Fady, Bruno, Faivre-Rampant, Patricia, Farsakoglou, Anna-Maria, Fonti, Patrick, Ganopoulos, Ioannis, Gilg, Olivier, De Girardi, Nicolas, Graf, René, Gray, Alan, Grivet, Delphine, Gugerli, Felix, Hartleitner, Christoph, Heer, Katrin, Hollenbach, Enja, Hurel, Agathe, Issenhuth, Bernard, Jean, Florence, Jorge, Véronique, Jouineau, Arnaud, Kappner, Jan-Philipp, Kesälahti, Robert, Knutzen, Florian, Kujala, Sonja T., Kumpula, Timo A., Kärkkäinen, Katri, Labriola, Mariaceleste, Lalanne, Celine, Lambertz, Johannes, Le-Provost, Gregoire, Lejeune, Vincent, Lesur-Kupin, Isabelle, Levillain, Joseph, Liesebach, Mirko, López-Quiroga, David, Malliarou, Ermioni, Marchon, Jérémy, Mariotte, Nicolas, Mas, Antonio, Matesanz, Silvia, Meier, Benjamin, Meischner, Helge, Michotey, Célia, Morganti, Sandro, Myking, Tor, Nievergelt, Daniel, Eskild Nilsen, Anne, Notivol, Eduardo, Ojeda, Dario I., Olsson, Sanna, Opgenoorth, Lars, Ostreng, Geir, Pakull, Birte, Perry, Annika, Pinosio, Sara, Piotti, Andrea, Plomion, Christophe, Poinot, Nicolas, Pringarbe, Mehdi, Puzos, Luc, Raffin, Annie, Ramírez-Valiente, José A., Rellstab, Christian, Remi, Dourthe, Reutimann, Oliver, Richter, Sebastian, Robledo-Arnuncio, Juan J., Rogier, Odile, Sancho, Elisabet Martínez, Savolainen, Outi, Scalabrin, Simone, Schneck, Volker, Schueler, Silvio, Scotti, Ivan, Segundo, Sergio San, Semerikov, Vladimir, Slámová, Lenka, Spanu, Ilaria, Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik, Thevenet, Jean, Tollefsrud, Mari Mette, Turion, Norbert, Valladares, Fernando, Vendramin, Giovanni G., Villar, Marc, Westergren, Marjana, Westin, Johan, Lascoux, Martin, James, Jennifer, Kastally, Chedly, Budde, Katharina B., González-Martínez, Santiago C., Milesi, Pascal, Pyhäjärvi, Tanja, Alizoti, Paraskevi, Alía, Ricardo, Ambrosio, Olivier, Aravanopoulos, Filippos A., von Arx, Georg, Audrey, Albet, Auñón, Francisco, Avanzi, Camilla, Avramidou, Evangelia, Bagnoli, Francesca, Bajc, Marko, Ballesteros, Eduardo, Barbas, Evangelos, del Barrio, José M. García, Bastias, Cristina C., Bastien, Catherine, Beffa, Giorgia, Benavides, Raquel, Benoit, Vanina, Bernier, Frédéric, Bignalet, Henri, Bodineau, Guillaume, Bouic, Damien, Brodbeck, Sabine, Brunetto, William, Buchovska, Jurata, Buret, Corinne, Buy, Melanie, Cabanillas-Saldaña, Ana M., Carvalho, Bárbara, Cavers, Stephen, Del Caño, Fernando, Cervantes, Sandra, Cheval, Nicolas, Climent, José M., Correard, Marianne, Cremer, Eva, Danusevičius, Darius, Dauphin, Benjamin, Denou, Jean-Luc, Dokhelar, Bernard, Ducousso, Alexis, Fady, Bruno, Faivre-Rampant, Patricia, Farsakoglou, Anna-Maria, Fonti, Patrick, Ganopoulos, Ioannis, Gilg, Olivier, De Girardi, Nicolas, Graf, René, Gray, Alan, Grivet, Delphine, Gugerli, Felix, Hartleitner, Christoph, Heer, Katrin, Hollenbach, Enja, Hurel, Agathe, Issenhuth, Bernard, Jean, Florence, Jorge, Véronique, Jouineau, Arnaud, Kappner, Jan-Philipp, Kesälahti, Robert, Knutzen, Florian, Kujala, Sonja T., Kumpula, Timo A., Kärkkäinen, Katri, Labriola, Mariaceleste, Lalanne, Celine, Lambertz, Johannes, Le-Provost, Gregoire, Lejeune, Vincent, Lesur-Kupin, Isabelle, Levillain, Joseph, Liesebach, Mirko, López-Quiroga, David, Malliarou, Ermioni, Marchon, Jérémy, Mariotte, Nicolas, Mas, Antonio, Matesanz, Silvia, Meier, Benjamin, Meischner, Helge, Michotey, Célia, Morganti, Sandro, Myking, Tor, Nievergelt, Daniel, Eskild Nilsen, Anne, Notivol, Eduardo, Ojeda, Dario I., Olsson, Sanna, Opgenoorth, Lars, Ostreng, Geir, Pakull, Birte, Perry, Annika, Pinosio, Sara, Piotti, Andrea, Plomion, Christophe, Poinot, Nicolas, Pringarbe, Mehdi, Puzos, Luc, Raffin, Annie, Ramírez-Valiente, José A., Rellstab, Christian, Remi, Dourthe, Reutimann, Oliver, Richter, Sebastian, Robledo-Arnuncio, Juan J., Rogier, Odile, Sancho, Elisabet Martínez, Savolainen, Outi, Scalabrin, Simone, Schneck, Volker, Schueler, Silvio, Scotti, Ivan, Segundo, Sergio San, Semerikov, Vladimir, Slámová, Lenka, Spanu, Ilaria, Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik, Thevenet, Jean, Tollefsrud, Mari Mette, Turion, Norbert, Valladares, Fernando, Vendramin, Giovanni G., Villar, Marc, Westergren, Marjana, Westin, Johan, and Lascoux, Martin

Abstract

New mutations provide the raw material for evolution and adaptation. The distribution of fitness effects (DFE) describes the spectrum of effects of new mutations that can occur along a genome, and is therefore of vital interest in evolutionary biology. Recent work has uncovered striking similarities in the DFE between closely related species, prompting us to ask whether there is variation in the DFE among populations of the same species, or among species with different degrees of divergence, i.e., whether there is variation in the DFE at different levels of evolution. Using exome capture data from six tree species sampled across Europe we characterised the DFE for multiple species, and for each species, multiple populations, and investigated the factors potentially influencing the DFE, such as demography, population divergence and genetic background. We find statistical support for there being variation in the DFE at the species level, even among relatively closely related species. However, we find very little difference at the population level, suggesting that differences in the DFE are primarily driven by deep features of species biology, and that evolutionarily recent events, such as demographic changes and local adaptation, have little impact.

Published
2023

13. The GenTree Platform: growth traits and tree-level environmental data in 12 European forest tree species

Author

Opgenoorth, Lars, Dauphin, Benjamin, Benavides, Raquel, Heer, Katrin, Alizoti, Paraskevi, Martínez-Sancho, Elisabet, Alía, Ricardo, Ambrosio, Olivier, Audrey, Albet, Auñón, Francisco, Avanzi, Camilla, Avramidou, Evangelia, Bagnoli, Francesca, Barbas, Evangelos, Bastias, Cristina C, Bastien, Catherine, Ballesteros, Eduardo, Beffa, Giorgia, Bernier, Frédéric, Bignalet, Henri, Bodineau, Guillaume, Bouic, Damien, Brodbeck, Sabine, Brunetto, William, Buchovska, Jurata, Buy, Melanie, Cabanillas-Saldaña, Ana M, Carvalho, Bárbara, Cheval, Nicolas, Climent, José M, Correard, Marianne, Cremer, Eva, Danusevičius, Darius, Del Caño, Fernando, Denou, Jean-Luc, Di Gerardi, Nicolas, Dokhelar, Bernard, Ducousso, Alexis, Nilsen, Anne Eskild, Farsakoglou, Anna-Maria, Fonti, Patrick, Ganopoulos, Ioannis, García Del Barrio, José M, Gilg, Olivier, González-Martínez, Santiago C, Graf, René, Gray, Alan, Grivet, Delphine, Gugerli, Felix, Hartleitner, Christoph, Hollenbach, Enja, Hurel, Agathe, Issehut, Bernard, Jean, Florence, Jorge, Veronique, Jouineau, Arnaud, Kappner, Jan-Philipp, Kärkkäinen, Katri, Kesälahti, Robert, Knutzen, Florian, Kujala, Sonja T, Kumpula, Timo A, Labriola, Mariaceleste, Lalanne, Celine, Lambertz, Johannes, Lascoux, Martin, Lejeune, Vincent, Le-Provost, Gregoire, Levillain, Joseph, Liesebach, Mirko, López-Quiroga, David, Meier, Benjamin, Malliarou, Ermioni, Marchon, Jérémy, Mariotte, Nicolas, Mas, Antonio, Matesanz, Silvia, Meischner, Helge, Michotey, Célia, Milesi, Pascal, Morganti, Sandro, Nievergelt, Daniel, Notivol, Eduardo, Østreng, Geir, Pakull, Birte, Perry, Annika, Piotti, Andrea, Plomion, Christophe, Poinot, Nicolas, Pringarbe, Mehdi, Puzos, Luc, Pyhäjärvi, Tanja, Raffin, Annie, Ramírez-Valiente, José A, Rellstab, Christian, Remi, Dourthe, Richter, Sebastian, Robledo-Arnuncio, Juan J, San Segundo, Sergio, Savolainen, Outi, Schueler, Silvio, Schneck, Volker, Scotti, Ivan, Semerikov, Vladimir, Slámová, Lenka, Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik, Spanu, Ilaria, Thevenet, Jean, Tollefsrud, Mari Mette, Turion, Norbert, Vendramin, Giovanni Giuseppe, Villar, Marc, von Arx, Georg, Westin, Johan, Fady, Bruno, Myking, Tor, Valladares, Fernando, Aravanopoulos, Filippos A, Cavers, Stephen, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, Department of Biogeography and Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales [Madrid] (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Forest Ecology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité expérimentale Forêt Pierroton (UEFP), Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse [Palermo] (IBBR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Biologie intégrée pour la valorisation de la diversité des Arbres et de la Forêt (BioForA), Office national des forêts (ONF)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génétique et Biomasse Forestières ORléans (GBFOR), Vytautas Magnus University - Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU), Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), Gobierno de Aragon, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Unité Expérimentale Entomologie et Forêt Méditerranéenne (UEFM), Bavarian Office for Forest Seeding and Planting, Partenaires INRAE, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi=Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), LIECO GmbH & Co KG, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), University of Oulu, Department of Ecology and Genetics [Uppsala] (EBC), Uppsala University, SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Thunen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Thünen Institute, Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (UB RAS), Skogforsk - Swedish Forestry Research Institute, Swiss Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) 6.0032, European Project: 676876,H2020,H2020-SFS-2015-2,GenTree(2016), Philipps Universität Marburg, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Office National des Forêts (ONF)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centro de Investigacion Y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de Aragon, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), and Centro de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de Aragon (CITA)

Subjects
crown size, fruit number, Skogsvetenskap, bark thickness, AcademicSubjects/SCI02254, DBH, Forest Science, soil depth, forking index, Botany, Pinus sylvestris, Botanik, Forests, Data Note, stem straightness, Ecology and Environment, Trees, regeneration, branch angle, Fagus, AcademicSubjects/SCI00960, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Picea, height
Abstract

Background: Progress in the field of evolutionary forest ecology has been hampered by the huge challenge of phenotyping trees across their ranges in their natural environments, and the limitation in high-resolution environmental information. Findings: The GenTree Platform contains phenotypic and environmental data from 4,959 trees from 12 ecologically and economically important European forest tree species: Abies alba Mill. (silver fir), Betula pendula Roth. (silver birch), Fagus sylvatica L. (European beech), Picea abies (L.) H. Karst (Norway spruce), Pinus cembra L. (Swiss stone pine), Pinus halepensis Mill. (Aleppo pine), Pinus nigra Arnold (European black pine), Pinus pinaster Aiton (maritime pine), Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine), Populus nigra L. (European black poplar), Taxus baccata L. (English yew), and Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. (sessile oak). Phenotypic (height, diameter at breast height, crown size, bark thickness, biomass, straightness, forking, branch angle, fructification), regeneration, environmental in situ measurements (soil depth, vegetation cover, competition indices), and environmental modeling data extracted by using bilinear interpolation accounting for surrounding conditions of each tree (precipitation, temperature, insolation, drought indices) were obtained from trees in 194 sites covering the species’ geographic ranges and reflecting local environmental gradients. Conclusion: The GenTree Platform is a new resource for investigating ecological and evolutionary processes in forest trees. The coherent phenotyping and environmental characterization across 12 species in their European ranges allow for a wide range of analyses from forest ecologists, conservationists, and macro-ecologists. Also, the data here presented can be linked to the GenTree Dendroecological collection, the GenTree Leaf Trait collection, and the GenTree Genomic collection presented elsewhere, which together build the largest evolutionary forest ecology data collection available.

Published
2021
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14. The GenTree Leaf Collection: inter‐ and intraspecific leaf variation in seven forest tree species in Europe

Author

Benavides, Raquel, Carvalho, Bárbara, Bastias, Cristina C., López‐Quiroga, David, Mas, Antonio, Cavers, Stephen, Gray, Alan, Albet, Audrey, Alía, Ricardo, Ambrosio, Olivier, Aravanopoulos, Filippos, Auñón, Francisco, Avanzi, Camilla, Avramidou, Evangelia V., Bagnoli, Francesca, Ballesteros, Eduardo, Barbas, Evangelos, Bastien, Catherine, Bernier, Frédéric, Bignalet, Henry, Bouic, Damien, Brunetto, William, Buchovska, Jurata, Cabanillas‐Saldaña, Ana M., Cheval, Nicolas, Climent, José M., Correard, Marianne, Cremer, Eva, Danusevičius, Darius, Dauphin, Benjamin, Del Caño, Fernando, Denou, Jean‐Luc, Dokhelar, Bernard, Dourthe, Rémi, Farsakoglou, Anna‐Maria, Fera, Andreas, Fonti, Patrick, Ganopoulos, Ioannis, García del Barrio, José M., Gilg, Olivier, González‐Martínez, Santiago C., Graf, René, Grivet, Delphine, Gugerli, Felix, Hartleitner, Christoph, Heer, Katrin, Hollenbach, Enja, Hurel, Agathe, Issehuth, Bernard, Jean, Florence, Jorge, Veronique, Jouineau, Arnaud, Kappner, Jan‐Philipp, Kärkkäinen, Katri, Kesälahti, Robert, Knutzen, Florian, Kujala, Sonja T., Kumpula, Timo, Labriola, Mariaceleste, Lalanne, Celine, Lambertz, Johannes, Lascoux, Martin, Le Provost, Gregoire, Liesebach, Mirko, Malliarou, Ermioni, Marchon, Jérémy, Mariotte, Nicolas, Martínez‐Sancho, Elisabet, Matesanz, Silvia, Meischner, Helge, Michotey, Célia, Milesi, Pascal, Morganti, Sandro, Myking, Tor, Nilsen, Anne E., Notivol, Eduardo, Opgenoorth, Lars, Østreng, Geir, Pakull, Birte, Piotti, Andrea, Plomion, Christophe, Poinot, Nicolas, Pringarbe, Mehdi, Puzos, Luc, Pyhäjärvi, Tanja, Raffin, Annie, Ramírez‐Valiente, José A., Rellstab, Christian, Richter, Sebastian, Robledo‐Arnuncio, Juan J., San Segundo, Sergio, Savolainen, Outi, Schneck, Volker, Schueler, Silvio, Scotti, Ivan, Semerikov, Vladimir, Henrik Sønstebø, Jørn, Spanu, Ilaria, Thevenet, Jean, Tollefsrud, Mari Mette, Turion, Norbert, Vendramin, Giovanni Giuseppe, Villar, Marc, Westin, Johan, Fady, Bruno, Valladares, Fernando, Benavides, Raquel, Carvalho, Bárbara, Bastias, Cristina C., López‐Quiroga, David, Mas, Antonio, Cavers, Stephen, Gray, Alan, Albet, Audrey, Alía, Ricardo, Ambrosio, Olivier, Aravanopoulos, Filippos, Auñón, Francisco, Avanzi, Camilla, Avramidou, Evangelia V., Bagnoli, Francesca, Ballesteros, Eduardo, Barbas, Evangelos, Bastien, Catherine, Bernier, Frédéric, Bignalet, Henry, Bouic, Damien, Brunetto, William, Buchovska, Jurata, Cabanillas‐Saldaña, Ana M., Cheval, Nicolas, Climent, José M., Correard, Marianne, Cremer, Eva, Danusevičius, Darius, Dauphin, Benjamin, Del Caño, Fernando, Denou, Jean‐Luc, Dokhelar, Bernard, Dourthe, Rémi, Farsakoglou, Anna‐Maria, Fera, Andreas, Fonti, Patrick, Ganopoulos, Ioannis, García del Barrio, José M., Gilg, Olivier, González‐Martínez, Santiago C., Graf, René, Grivet, Delphine, Gugerli, Felix, Hartleitner, Christoph, Heer, Katrin, Hollenbach, Enja, Hurel, Agathe, Issehuth, Bernard, Jean, Florence, Jorge, Veronique, Jouineau, Arnaud, Kappner, Jan‐Philipp, Kärkkäinen, Katri, Kesälahti, Robert, Knutzen, Florian, Kujala, Sonja T., Kumpula, Timo, Labriola, Mariaceleste, Lalanne, Celine, Lambertz, Johannes, Lascoux, Martin, Le Provost, Gregoire, Liesebach, Mirko, Malliarou, Ermioni, Marchon, Jérémy, Mariotte, Nicolas, Martínez‐Sancho, Elisabet, Matesanz, Silvia, Meischner, Helge, Michotey, Célia, Milesi, Pascal, Morganti, Sandro, Myking, Tor, Nilsen, Anne E., Notivol, Eduardo, Opgenoorth, Lars, Østreng, Geir, Pakull, Birte, Piotti, Andrea, Plomion, Christophe, Poinot, Nicolas, Pringarbe, Mehdi, Puzos, Luc, Pyhäjärvi, Tanja, Raffin, Annie, Ramírez‐Valiente, José A., Rellstab, Christian, Richter, Sebastian, Robledo‐Arnuncio, Juan J., San Segundo, Sergio, Savolainen, Outi, Schneck, Volker, Schueler, Silvio, Scotti, Ivan, Semerikov, Vladimir, Henrik Sønstebø, Jørn, Spanu, Ilaria, Thevenet, Jean, Tollefsrud, Mari Mette, Turion, Norbert, Vendramin, Giovanni Giuseppe, Villar, Marc, Westin, Johan, Fady, Bruno, and Valladares, Fernando

Abstract

Motivation: Trait variation within species can reveal plastic and/or genetic responses to environmental gradients, and may indicate where local adaptation has occurred. Here, we present a dataset of rangewide variation in leaf traits from seven of the most ecologically and economically important tree species in Europe. Sample collection and trait assessment are embedded in the GenTree project (EU‐Horizon 2020), which aims at characterizing the genetic and phenotypic variability of forest tree species to optimize the management and sustainable use of forest genetic resources. Our dataset captures substantial intra‐ and interspecific leaf phenotypic variability, and provides valuable information for studying the relationship between ecosystem functioning and trait variability of individuals, and the response and resilience of species to environmental changes. Main types of variable contained: We chose morphological and chemical characters linked to trade‐offs between acquisition and conservation of resources and water use, namely specific leaf area, leaf size, carbon and nitrogen content and their ratio, and the isotopic signature of stable isotope 13C and 15N in leaves. Spatial location and grain: We surveyed between 18 and 22 populations per species, 141 in total, across Europe. Time period: Leaf sampling took place between 2016 and 2017. Major taxa and level of measurement: We sampled at least 25 individuals in each population, 3,569 trees in total, and measured traits in 35,755 leaves from seven European tree species, i.e. the conifers Picea abies, Pinus pinaster and Pinus sylvestris, and the broadleaves Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Populus nigra and Quercus petraea. Software format: The data files are in ASCII text, tab delimited, not compressed.

Published
2021

19. The GenTree Leaf Collection: Inter‐ and intraspecific leaf variation in seven forest tree species in Europe

Author

Benavides, Raquel, primary, Carvalho, Bárbara, additional, Bastias, Cristina C., additional, López‐Quiroga, David, additional, Mas, Antonio, additional, Cavers, Stephen, additional, Gray, Alan, additional, Albet, Audrey, additional, Alía, Ricardo, additional, Ambrosio, Olivier, additional, Aravanopoulos, Filippos, additional, Auñón, Francisco, additional, Avanzi, Camilla, additional, Avramidou, Evangelia V., additional, Bagnoli, Francesca, additional, Ballesteros, Eduardo, additional, Barbas, Evangelos, additional, Bastien, Catherine, additional, Bernier, Frédéric, additional, Bignalet, Henry, additional, Bouic, Damien, additional, Brunetto, William, additional, Buchovska, Jurata, additional, Cabanillas‐Saldaña, Ana M., additional, Cheval, Nicolas, additional, Climent, José M., additional, Correard, Marianne, additional, Cremer, Eva, additional, Danusevičius, Darius, additional, Dauphin, Benjamin, additional, Del Caño, Fernando, additional, Denou, Jean‐Luc, additional, Dokhelar, Bernard, additional, Dourthe, Rémi, additional, Farsakoglou, Anna‐Maria, additional, Fera, Andreas, additional, Fonti, Patrick, additional, Ganopoulos, Ioannis, additional, García del Barrio, José M., additional, Gilg, Olivier, additional, González‐Martínez, Santiago C., additional, Graf, René, additional, Grivet, Delphine, additional, Gugerli, Felix, additional, Hartleitner, Christoph, additional, Heer, Katrin, additional, Hollenbach, Enja, additional, Hurel, Agathe, additional, Issehuth, Bernard, additional, Jean, Florence, additional, Jorge, Veronique, additional, Jouineau, Arnaud, additional, Kappner, Jan‐Philipp, additional, Kärkkäinen, Katri, additional, Kesälahti, Robert, additional, Knutzen, Florian, additional, Kujala, Sonja T., additional, Kumpula, Timo, additional, Labriola, Mariaceleste, additional, Lalanne, Celine, additional, Lambertz, Johannes, additional, Lascoux, Martin, additional, Le Provost, Gregoire, additional, Liesebach, Mirko, additional, Malliarou, Ermioni, additional, Marchon, Jérémy, additional, Mariotte, Nicolas, additional, Martínez‐Sancho, Elisabet, additional, Matesanz, Silvia, additional, Meischner, Helge, additional, Michotey, Célia, additional, Milesi, Pascal, additional, Morganti, Sandro, additional, Myking, Tor, additional, Nilsen, Anne E., additional, Notivol, Eduardo, additional, Opgenoorth, Lars, additional, Østreng, Geir, additional, Pakull, Birte, additional, Piotti, Andrea, additional, Plomion, Christophe, additional, Poinot, Nicolas, additional, Pringarbe, Mehdi, additional, Puzos, Luc, additional, Pyhäjärvi, Tanja, additional, Raffin, Annie, additional, Ramírez‐Valiente, José A., additional, Rellstab, Christian, additional, Richter, Sebastian, additional, Robledo‐Arnuncio, Juan J., additional, San Segundo, Sergio, additional, Savolainen, Outi, additional, Schneck, Volker, additional, Schueler, Silvio, additional, Scotti, Ivan, additional, Semerikov, Vladimir, additional, Henrik Sønstebø, Jørn, additional, Spanu, Ilaria, additional, Thevenet, Jean, additional, Tollefsrud, Mari Mette, additional, Turion, Norbert, additional, Vendramin, Giovanni Giuseppe, additional, Villar, Marc, additional, Westin, Johan, additional, Fady, Bruno, additional, and Valladares, Fernando, additional

Published
2021
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21. Adaptive and plastic responses of Quercus petraea populations to climate across Europe

Author

Saenz-romero, Cuauhtemoc, Lamy, Jean-baptiste, Ducousso, Alexis, Musch, Brigitte, Ehrenmann, Francois, Delzon, Sylvain, Cavers, Stephen, Chalupka, Wladyslaw, Dagdas, Said, Hansen, Jon Kehlet, Lee, Steve J., Liesebach, Mirko, Rau, Hans-martin, Psomas, Achilleas, Schneck, Volker, Steiner, Wilfried, Zimmermann, Niklaus E., Kremer, Antoine, Saenz-romero, Cuauhtemoc, Lamy, Jean-baptiste, Ducousso, Alexis, Musch, Brigitte, Ehrenmann, Francois, Delzon, Sylvain, Cavers, Stephen, Chalupka, Wladyslaw, Dagdas, Said, Hansen, Jon Kehlet, Lee, Steve J., Liesebach, Mirko, Rau, Hans-martin, Psomas, Achilleas, Schneck, Volker, Steiner, Wilfried, Zimmermann, Niklaus E., and Kremer, Antoine

Abstract

How temperate forests will respond to climate change is uncertain; projections range from severe decline to increased growth. We conducted field tests of sessile oak (Quercus petraea), a widespread keystone European forest tree species, including more than 150,000 trees sourced from 116 geographically diverse populations. The tests were planted on 23 field sites in six European countries, in order to expose them to a wide range of climates, including sites reflecting future warmer and drier climates. By assessing tree height and survival, our objectives were twofold: (1) to identify the source of differential population responses to climate (genetic differentiation due to past divergent climatic selection versus plastic responses to ongoing climate change), (2) to explore which climatic variables (temperature or precipitation) trigger the population responses. Tree growth and survival were modeled for contemporary climate and then projected using data from four regional climate models for years 2071-2100, using two greenhouse gas concentration trajectory scenarios each. Overall results indicated a moderate response of tree height and survival to climate variation, with changes in dryness (either annual or during the growing season) explaining the major part of the response. Whilst, on average, populations exhibited local adaptation, there was significant clinal population differentiation for height growth with winter temperature at the site of origin. The most moderate climate model (HIRHAM5-EC; rcp4.5) predicted minor decreases in height and survival, whilst the most extreme model (CCLM4-GEM2-ES; rcp8.5) predicted large decreases in survival and growth for southern and southeastern edge populations (Hungary and Turkey). Other non-marginal populations with continental climates were predicted to be severely and negatively affected (Bercé, France), while populations at the contemporary northern limit (colder and humid maritime regions; Denmark and Norway) will probabl

Published
2017
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22. Adaptive and plastic responses ofQuercus petraeapopulations to climate across Europe

Author

Sáenz-Romero, Cuauhtémoc, primary, Lamy, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Ducousso, Alexis, additional, Musch, Brigitte, additional, Ehrenmann, François, additional, Delzon, Sylvain, additional, Cavers, Stephen, additional, Chałupka, Władysław, additional, Dağdaş, Said, additional, Hansen, Jon Kehlet, additional, Lee, Steve J., additional, Liesebach, Mirko, additional, Rau, Hans-Martin, additional, Psomas, Achilleas, additional, Schneck, Volker, additional, Steiner, Wilfried, additional, Zimmermann, Niklaus E., additional, and Kremer, Antoine, additional

Published
2017
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23. Untersuchung der Holzdichte von Aspen und Hybridaspen mittels Pilodyn.

Author

Heimpold, Christian, Heimpold, Kathrin, Schneck, Volker, Tölle, Rainer, and Liesebach, Mirko

Abstract

Copyright of Landbauforschung is the property of Thuenen Institut and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2018
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24. Breeding of multipurpose willows on the basis of Salix daphnoides Vill., Salix purpurea L. and Salix viminalis L.

Author

Bubner, Ben, Köhler, Angela, Zaspel, Irmtraut, Zander, Matthias, Förster, Nadja, Gloger, Jan-Christoph, Ulrichs, Christian, and Schneck, Volker

Subjects
BIOMASS energy, BREEDING, SALICYLIC acid, SALIX viminalis, SOIL moisture
Abstract

Copyright of Landbauforschung is the property of Thuenen Institut and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2018
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25. Scots Pine ([i]Pinus sylvestris[/i] L.). Chapter 6

Author

Krakau, Ute-Katrin, Liesebach, Mirko, Aronen, Tuija, Lelu-Walter, Marie-Anne, Schneck, Volker, Institut für Forstgenetik (FG), Institute of Forest Genetics, Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries, Punkaharju Research, Finnish Forest Research Institute, Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UE Research Infrastructure Action 'TREEBREEDEX'. Contract Number 026076, and Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (UAGPF)

Subjects
scots pine, flowering, field trial network, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, breeding objective, breeding methodology, genetic diversity, plant transfer, breeding perspective, somatic embryogenesis, forest reproductive material, use of wood, european cooperation, forest tree species, needle, geographical distribution, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, forest tree breeding, reforestation, seed
Abstract

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is an economically very important and scientifically well investigated tree species of the northern hemisphere occupying large areas with different climate condition in Eurasia. It has been in the focus of tree improvement since many decades. Breeding programmes were initiated with selection of plus trees, establishment of seed orchards and progeny testing in nearly all countries where this species is of economic importance. Today these programmes are developed very differently. There are countries with advanced programmes for improvement of Scots pine and others were such programmes were stopped in the last years. In this chapter the situation of breeding of Scots pine is described for different European countries. Short overviews are given about the distribution of Scots pine, its genetic diversity, the wood production and the state of forest reproductive material of this species in Europe. This monograph contains the state of art of Scots pine breeding in different European countries. It summarizes the breeding goals, the delineation of breeding zones, different breeding methods and the achieved genetic gains. A special chapter deals with somatic embryogenesis of Scots pine. The monograph gives an outlook for further breeding activities at national and international level.

Published
2013
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26. Strategie zur mittel- und langfristigen Versorgung mit hochwertigem forstlichem Vermehrungsgut durch Züchtung in Deutschland

Author

Liesebach, Mirko, Degen, Bernd, Grotehusmann, Helmut, Janßen, Alwin, Konnert, Monika, Rau, Hans-Martin, Schirmer, Randolf, Schneck, Dagmar, Schneck, Volker, Steiner, Wilfried, and Wolf, Heino

Abstract

Der Klimawandel zählt zu den zentralen Herausforderungen des 21. Jahrhunderts. Dem umweltfreundlichen, CO2-speichernden und ressourcenschonenden Rohstoff Holz kommt bei den Anstrengungen, den unerwünschten Folgen dieser Entwicklung entgegenzuwirken, eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Mit der Suche nach CO2-neutralen Energiequellen und steigenden Energiepreisen steigt die Nachfrage nach Holz stetig. Holz wird aber nicht nur vom Energiesektor (Wärmebereich, Stromerzeugung, Biokraftstoffe) verstärkt nachgefragt, auch im stofflich-mechanischen und im chemischen Bereich werden hohe Wachstumsraten prognostiziert. Aus diesem Grund ist es notwendig, eine Vorsorgestrategie zu entwickeln, um den künftigen Herausforderungen zu begegnen. Einen wichtigen Ansatzpunkt bildet dabei die Forstpflanzenzüchtung mit der Bereitstellung von hochwertigem, leistungsstarkem und widerstandsfähigem Saat- und Pflanzgut. Die 3. Tagung zur Waldstrategie 2020 des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz (BMELV) und der im November 2011 vom Thünen-Institut für Forstgenetik und der Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e.V. (FNR) organisierte BMELV-Workshop 'Forstpflanzenzüchtung' in Berlin gaben einen guten Überblick zum aktuellen Stand der Arbeiten, zu den enormen Potentialen, aber auch zu dem deutlichen Nachholbedarf Deutschlands in diesem Bereich im Vergleich zu anderen Ländern. Wichtiges Ziel der Züchtung ist die Bereitstellung von Vermehrungsgut, das anpassungsfähig und leistungsstark genug ist, um den erwarteten Umweltänderungen bei der Erfüllung aller Waldfunktionen gerecht zu werden. Der Workshop machte klar, dass Forstpflanzenzüchtung in Deutschland diese großen Anforderungen der Zukunft nur erreichen und sichtbare Erfolge liefern kann, wenn alle verbliebenen Bundes- und Landeseinrichtungen, die Züchtung betreiben, unter Teilung der Aufgaben noch enger zusammenarbeiten und die Finanzierung nicht nur kurzfristig, sondern auch mittelfristig für einen Zeitraum von mindestens 15 Jahren gesichert ist. [...]

Published
2013

27. Adaptive and plastic responses of Quercus petraea populations to climate across Europe.

Author

Sáenz‐Romero, Cuauhtémoc, Lamy, Jean‐Baptiste, Ducousso, Alexis, Musch, Brigitte, Ehrenmann, François, Delzon, Sylvain, Cavers, Stephen, Chałupka, Władysław, Dağdaş, Said, Hansen, Jon Kehlet, Lee, Steve J., Liesebach, Mirko, Rau, Hans‐Martin, Psomas, Achilleas, Schneck, Volker, Steiner, Wilfried, Zimmermann, Niklaus E., and Kremer, Antoine

Subjects
TEMPERATE forest ecology, DURMAST oak, TREE growth, CLIMATE change, ECOSYSTEMS, CLIMATOLOGY
Abstract

How temperate forests will respond to climate change is uncertain; projections range from severe decline to increased growth. We conducted field tests of sessile oak ( Quercus petraea), a widespread keystone European forest tree species, including more than 150 000 trees sourced from 116 geographically diverse populations. The tests were planted on 23 field sites in six European countries, in order to expose them to a wide range of climates, including sites reflecting future warmer and drier climates. By assessing tree height and survival, our objectives were twofold: (i) to identify the source of differential population responses to climate (genetic differentiation due to past divergent climatic selection vs. plastic responses to ongoing climate change) and (ii) to explore which climatic variables (temperature or precipitation) trigger the population responses. Tree growth and survival were modeled for contemporary climate and then projected using data from four regional climate models for years 2071-2100, using two greenhouse gas concentration trajectory scenarios each. Overall, results indicated a moderate response of tree height and survival to climate variation, with changes in dryness (either annual or during the growing season) explaining the major part of the response. While, on average, populations exhibited local adaptation, there was significant clinal population differentiation for height growth with winter temperature at the site of origin. The most moderate climate model ( HIRHAM5- EC; rcp4.5) predicted minor decreases in height and survival, while the most extreme model ( CCLM4- GEM2- ES; rcp8.5) predicted large decreases in survival and growth for southern and southeastern edge populations (Hungary and Turkey). Other nonmarginal populations with continental climates were predicted to be severely and negatively affected (Bercé, France), while populations at the contemporary northern limit (colder and humid maritime regions; Denmark and Norway) will probably not show large changes in growth and survival in response to climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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31. Genetic aspects linked to production and use of forest reproductive material (FRM) Collecting scientific evidence for developing guidelines and decision support tools for effective FRM management

Author

Gömöry, Dusan, Himanen, Katri, Tollefsrud, Mari Mette, Uggla, Claes, Kraigher, Hojka, Bordács, Sándor, Alizoti, Paraskevi, A’hara, Stuart, Frank, Aline Daria, Proschowsky, Gunnar Friis, Frýdl, Josef, Geburek, Thomas, Guibert, Monique, Ivankovic, Mladen, Jurse, Ana, Kennedy, Stuart, Kowalczyk, Jan, Heike Liesebach, Maaten, Tiit, and Schneck, Volker

32. The GenTree Platform: growth traits and tree-level environmental data in 12 European forest tree species.

Author

Opgenoorth L, Dauphin B, Benavides R, Heer K, Alizoti P, Martínez-Sancho E, Alía R, Ambrosio O, Audrey A, Auñón F, Avanzi C, Avramidou E, Bagnoli F, Barbas E, Bastias CC, Bastien C, Ballesteros E, Beffa G, Bernier F, Bignalet H, Bodineau G, Bouic D, Brodbeck S, Brunetto W, Buchovska J, Buy M, Cabanillas-Saldaña AM, Carvalho B, Cheval N, Climent JM, Correard M, Cremer E, Danusevičius D, Del Caño F, Denou JL, di Gerardi N, Dokhelar B, Ducousso A, Eskild Nilsen A, Farsakoglou AM, Fonti P, Ganopoulos I, García Del Barrio JM, Gilg O, González-Martínez SC, Graf R, Gray A, Grivet D, Gugerli F, Hartleitner C, Hollenbach E, Hurel A, Issehut B, Jean F, Jorge V, Jouineau A, Kappner JP, Kärkkäinen K, Kesälahti R, Knutzen F, Kujala ST, Kumpula TA, Labriola M, Lalanne C, Lambertz J, Lascoux M, Lejeune V, Le-Provost G, Levillain J, Liesebach M, López-Quiroga D, Meier B, Malliarou E, Marchon J, Mariotte N, Mas A, Matesanz S, Meischner H, Michotey C, Milesi P, Morganti S, Nievergelt D, Notivol E, Ostreng G, Pakull B, Perry A, Piotti A, Plomion C, Poinot N, Pringarbe M, Puzos L, Pyhäjärvi T, Raffin A, Ramírez-Valiente JA, Rellstab C, Remi D, Richter S, Robledo-Arnuncio JJ, San Segundo S, Savolainen O, Schueler S, Schneck V, Scotti I, Semerikov V, Slámová L, Sønstebø JH, Spanu I, Thevenet J, Tollefsrud MM, Turion N, Vendramin GG, Villar M, von Arx G, Westin J, Fady B, Myking T, Valladares F, Aravanopoulos FA, and Cavers S

Subjects
Forests, Trees, Fagus, Picea, Pinus sylvestris
Abstract

Background: Progress in the field of evolutionary forest ecology has been hampered by the huge challenge of phenotyping trees across their ranges in their natural environments, and the limitation in high-resolution environmental information., Findings: The GenTree Platform contains phenotypic and environmental data from 4,959 trees from 12 ecologically and economically important European forest tree species: Abies alba Mill. (silver fir), Betula pendula Roth. (silver birch), Fagus sylvatica L. (European beech), Picea abies (L.) H. Karst (Norway spruce), Pinus cembra L. (Swiss stone pine), Pinus halepensis Mill. (Aleppo pine), Pinus nigra Arnold (European black pine), Pinus pinaster Aiton (maritime pine), Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine), Populus nigra L. (European black poplar), Taxus baccata L. (English yew), and Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. (sessile oak). Phenotypic (height, diameter at breast height, crown size, bark thickness, biomass, straightness, forking, branch angle, fructification), regeneration, environmental in situ measurements (soil depth, vegetation cover, competition indices), and environmental modeling data extracted by using bilinear interpolation accounting for surrounding conditions of each tree (precipitation, temperature, insolation, drought indices) were obtained from trees in 194 sites covering the species' geographic ranges and reflecting local environmental gradients., Conclusion: The GenTree Platform is a new resource for investigating ecological and evolutionary processes in forest trees. The coherent phenotyping and environmental characterization across 12 species in their European ranges allow for a wide range of analyses from forest ecologists, conservationists, and macro-ecologists. Also, the data here presented can be linked to the GenTree Dendroecological collection, the GenTree Leaf Trait collection, and the GenTree Genomic collection presented elsewhere, which together build the largest evolutionary forest ecology data collection available., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press GigaScience.)

Published
2021
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33. [Allozyme variability of provenance populations of Robinia pseudoacacia from Middle Europe].

Author

Yang MS, Hertel H, and Schneck V

Subjects
Genetic Variation, Robinia enzymology, Robinia genetics
Abstract

Using starch gel and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 11 enzyme systems of two-year-old seedlings from 18 provences of Robinia pseudoacacia distributing in the middle Europe and America were investigated. There were 14 polymorphic loci with a proportion of 70.0% in twenty loci. Twelve polymorphic loci in 7 enzyme systems were calculated. In the 12 polymorphic loci, the mean and effective numbers of alleles per locus were 2.733 and 1.794, as well as the mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.368 and 0.400, respectively. Fixation index in most of the loci was slightly higher than zero with a mean value of 0.080. The most population genetic parameters (A, Ae, Ho, He) at the Fe-b and Lap-a loci correlated closely with the mean number of the twelve loci, and such relation was not evident among other loci which may be more important. The genetic distance among the 8 provenances in Germany changed between 0.09 and 0.26, while in contrast, that of the 6 provenances in Hungary were very small and most of them were below 0.11. The genetic distance among the provenances in Germany, Hungary and Slovakia varied from 0.09 to 0.24. Among the 2 provenances in America and provenances in Europe, the genetic distance changed from 0.09 to 0.23, which was not higher than the differences among that of the Europe provenances. Genetic parameters and heredity diversities of the 8 provenances in Hungary and Slovakia were higher than those of the Germany provenances. The differentiation coefficient of the two countries changed from 2.92% to 9.97%, indicting that the genetic difference among the provenances in Hungary and Slovakia was smaller than in Germany provenances. Interpopulational differentiation coefficient in Germany provenances was higher compared with that in Hungary and Slovakia provenances. We took a country as one unit of provenance population, and then the differentiation coefficient of the genetic parameters of the four populations, changing between 3.870% and 5.139%, was rather small. This indicated that it was not evident for the interpopulational geographic differentiations of Robinia pseudoacacia. Therefore, it is suggested that Robinia pseudoacacia has higher genetic diversity and the breeding programs might have been concentrated on intrapopulational variation.

Published
2004

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