22 results on '"Shape instability"'
Search Results
2. Morphological stability of three-dimensional cementite rods in polycrystalline system: A phase-field analysis.
- Author
-
Mittnacht, Tobias, Kubendran Amos, P.G., Schneider, Daniel, and Nestler, Britta
- Subjects
KIRKENDALL effect ,CEMENTITE ,PHYSICAL laws ,MASS transfer ,CHEMICAL equilibrium ,CRYSTAL grain boundaries - Abstract
Transformations accompanying shape-instability govern the morphological configuration and distribution of the phases in a microstructure. Owing to the influence of the microstructure on the properties of a material, in the present work, the stability of three-dimensional rods in a 'representative' polycrystalline system is extensively analysed. A multiphase-field model, which recovers the physical laws and sharp-interface relations, and includes grain boundary diffusion, is adopted to investigate the morphological evolution of the precipitate. Moreover, the efficiency of the numerical approach is ensured by establishing the volume-preserving chemical equilibrium through the incorporation TCFe8 (CALPHAD) data and solving phase-field evolution in the Allen-Cahn framework. The morphological evolution of the rod in the representative multiphase system exhibits a unique transformation mechanism which is significantly different from the evolution of an isolated finite-structure. It is realised that, in a polycrystalline arrangement, irrespective of the initial size of the rod, the shape-change begins with the energy-minimising events at the triple junctions. This early transformation renders a characteristic morphology at the longitudinal ends of the structure, which introduces sufficient driving-force through the curvature-difference for the subsequent morphological changes. The continued mass transfer to the terminations, ultimately, breaks-off the rod into separate entities that are entangled in the grain boundary. With increase in the aspect ratio of the rod, it is identified that the source of mass transfer, which turns into the ovulation site, shifts from the centre. This increases the number of fragmentation events and introduces satellite particle. The size of the satellite particle is dictated by a definite ovulation criterion, which is ascertained by examining the transformation of different-sized rods. A comprehensive understanding of the transformation kinetics and mechanism governing the morphological evolution of the rods in a polycrystalline system is rendered in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Shape instability of the moving wavy domain wall in uniaxial ferroelectric.
- Author
-
Udalov, A. R., Shur, V. Ya., and Alekseeva, U. A.
- Subjects
- *
FERROELECTRIC capacitors , *DOMAIN walls (Ferromagnetism) , *ELECTRIC fields , *MOLECULAR self-assembly , *FERROMAGNETIC materials , *MAGNETIC domain - Abstract
In this paper, we consider the shape instability of ferroelectric wavy domain wall that moves uniformly in the ferroelectric capacitor under the constant uniform electric field. The retardation of the bulk screening of residual depolarization field and existing of the surface dielectric layers were taken into account. It was shown that the spatial distribution of the electric field in the ferroelectric plate led to topological instability of the moving wavy domain wall. The obtained results are important for the formation of the self-assembled domain structures in ferroelectrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Topological instability of the ferroelectric domain wall caused by screening retardation.
- Author
-
Udalov, A. R., Korzhenevskii, A. L., and Shur, V. Ya.
- Subjects
- *
FERROELECTRICITY , *DOMAIN walls (Ferromagnetism) , *FERROELECTRIC materials , *POLARIZATION spectroscopy , *CAPACITORS - Abstract
In this paper, we established the origin of the experimentally observed topological instability representing the change of the plane domain wall shape by formation of so-called “fingers” during fast polarization reversal of the ferroelectric capacitor. By means of a simplified model we show that the topological instability of the domain wall can be attributed to retardation of the bulk screening of residual depolarization field. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The Hydrodynamical / Chemical Approach to Sonoluminescence : A detailed comparison to experiment
- Author
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Brenner, Michael P., Hilgenfeldt, Sascha, Lohse, Detlef, Crum, Lawrence A., editor, Mason, Timothy J., editor, Reisse, Jacques L., editor, and Suslick, Kenneth S., editor
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Crossover between Re-Nucleation and Dendritic Growth in Electrodeposition without Supporting Electrolyte
- Author
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Fabien Chauvet, Théo Tzedakis, Chams Kharbachi, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
- Subjects
Work (thermodynamics) ,Materials science ,Supporting electrolyte ,dendrites ,Nucleation ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Space Charge ,Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS) ,02 engineering and technology ,Growth ,01 natural sciences ,Instability ,Fractal ,Electrodeposition ,Physics - Chemical Physics ,Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Electrochemistry ,Génie chimique ,Ramified Branches ,010306 general physics ,Génie des procédés ,Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph) ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Isotropy ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstructure ,Space charge ,Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Shape Instability ,Chemical physics ,0210 nano-technology ,[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other - Abstract
This work focuses on the microstructure of metallic deposits formed by galvanostatic electrodeposition inside a Hele-Shaw cell without both supporting electrolyte and flow. For a low applied current density j, the deposit grows under the form of ramified branches. As shown by Fleury (Nature, 390,, 1997), these branches are composed of small metallic crystals. This microstructure is built up by a re-nucleation process induced by the dynamics of a space charge region (non-electrically neutral solution) ahead of the growth front. When increasing j the crystal size decreases whereas the nucleation frequency increases. These latter tendencies are reversed for high j when, as experimentally observed, dendrites are formed instead of ramified branches. There must be a transition between the nucleation/growth regime (ramified branches) and the pure growth regime (dendrites). This transition is examined experimentally by carefully observing the branch microstructure by SEM. For copper and silver branches, when j is lower than a critical current density j_c (concentration-dependent), the branches are composed only of non-dendritic crystals. Whereas, when j>j_c, dendritic crystals are observed and they become the main kind of crystals constituting the branches for higher j. These observations show that the morphological transition on the pattern scale, between ramified branches and dendrites, originates from a morphological transition on the scale of the crystals constituting the branches. This latter is considered theoretically by analyzing the shape stability of the growing crystals. The Mullins & Sekerka model (shape stability of a spherical particle growing by diffusion) disagrees with these observations by predicting that the crystals are always unstable. It is proposed that the space charge layer, surrounding the growing crystals, induces a stabilizing effect.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Three-dimensional analysis of the rising dynamics of individual ellipsoidal bubbles in an inclined column.
- Author
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Heydari, Nasim, Larachi, Faïçal, Mohammad Taghavi, Seyed, and Bertrand, François
- Subjects
- *
BUBBLES , *COEFFICIENT of restitution , *KINETIC energy - Abstract
• Impact of inclined wall on rising bubbles with shape and path instabilities are investigated. • Wall-induced zigzag and helicoidal bubble path analyzed by 3D reconstruction. • Restitution coefficient of helicoidal bubble likens droplet impact on horizontal wall. • Breakdown of bubble kinetic and surface energies highlights path instability modes. In this study, the dynamics of a single ellipsoidal air bubble rising in an inclined cylindrical vessel is experimentally investigated. The three-dimensional bubble trajectory reconstruction shows that the spirally rising bubble maintains two out-of-phase modes of oscillations, while the zigzagging bubble maintains a two-dimensional motion , despite the irregular rebounds with small amplitude. Assessing the bubble-wall rebounds for the helicoidal rising bubble shows that the normal restitution coefficient correlates with a modified normal Stokes number in the same manner as the normal wall collisions of liquid droplets [Legendre et al., 2005, Physics of Fluids 17, 097105]. A similar contribution of normal-to-wall and tangent-to-wall components of the kinetic energy in helicoidal bubble rise is maintained up to the highest inclination angle, i.e. 15°. However, for the zigzag rising bubble, despite the bubble rebounds on the wall, the wall-normal contribution of the kinetic energy is much less than its tangent-to-wall component. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Crack Front Fingering During Planar Crack Propagation in Highly Heterogeneous Toughness Field.
- Author
-
Vasoya, Manish, Lazarus, Véronique, and Ponson, Laurent
- Abstract
Crack pinning by tougher heterogeneities is in principle an interesting way to toughen brittle materials. To study the impact of highly heterogeneous toughness field, we investigate numerically the propagation of a tensile penny-shape planar crack within an axisymmetric heterogeneous toughness field. In particular, we take into account the large crack front deformations induced by high toughness contrasts. To compute the variations of stress intensity factor along the crack front arising from its progressive deformation, a perturbation approach based on Bueckner-Rice weight function theory is used iteratively. For low enough toughness contrasts, the crack front deforms until reaching an equilibrium shape for which the local stress intensity factor equals the local toughness value at each point of the front. For larger contrasts, however, this equilibrium shape is never reached. Instead, some points of the crack front remained pinned by strong impurities, while some other part of the front advances continuously. The mechanism at the origin of this fingering instability is finally discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Critical island size for a shape transition in strained Cu/Ni(100) islands.
- Author
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Amar, Jacques G., Shim, Yunsic, and Deck, Robert T.
- Subjects
- *
TRANSITION state theory (Chemistry) , *COPPER , *NICKEL , *DISLOCATION structure , *DIPOLE interactions , *ELASTICITY , *APPROXIMATION theory , *STRAIN energy - Abstract
Abstract: We examine the shape instability of dislocation-free strained islands in heteroepitaxial growth, using continuum elasticity theory. Using the dipole interaction approximation for the strain-energy proposed by Pimpinelli and Villain, we have calculated the critical island size at which the shape instability may occur, and found that our expressions for the strain-energy and corresponding critical island size are very similar to those obtained by Li, Liu, and Lagally (Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000) 1922). In addition, for the case of Cu/Ni(100) submonolayer islands we have carried out a direct comparison between the continuum elasticity predictions for the force monopole density and dipole interaction energy and atomistic calculations. Our results indicate that while the continuum elasticity expressions significantly underestimate both the force monopole density and the dipole interaction energy, the use of atomistic calculations leads to reasonable agreement between the two approaches. Our results also confirm that the experimentally observed ramified islands in Cu/Ni(100) submonolayer growth cannot be explained by equilibrium energetics arguments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Bistability of bilayer islands under anisotropic misfit stress
- Author
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Colin, Jérôme
- Subjects
- *
ANISOTROPY , *STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) , *CHEMICAL stability , *THERMODYNAMICS , *FORCE & energy , *PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry - Abstract
Abstract: The equilibrium shapes of bilayer islands under anisotropic misfit stress have been theoretically characterized from a thermodynamics point of view. Based on an energy variation calculation, it is found that when the ratio σ between the components of the misfit stress is such that σ =−1, both square and rectangular shaped bilayer islands may coexist depending on the island volume and stress level. When σ ≠−1 and σ <0, the possibility of formation rectangular islands along both perpendicular directions is also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Shape Variability of Potentials Recorded by a Single-Fiber Electrode and its Effect on Jitter Estimation.
- Author
-
Rodríguez, Javier, Dimitrova, Nonna, Dimitrov, George, and Gila, Luis
- Abstract
Technical problems accompanying the recording of fiber pair potentials introduce certain instability in the peak-to-peak interval (rise-time, RT) of these potentials. This study aims (1) to measure the variability observed in RT of a large number of sets of consecutive potentials recorded by a single-fiber (SF) electrode and (2) to evaluate the effect of such variability on the jitter estimation. Using a SF electrode, 140 sets of consecutive potentials were recorded from the m. tibialis anterior of four healthy subjects. For each set, the rise-time variability (RTV) was calculated as the standard deviation of the RTs of the discharges within that set. The effect of RTV in the estimation of jitter from simulated fiber pairs with controlled values of neuromuscular jitter was analyzed. The RTVs of sets visually assessed as produced by a 'single-fiber' were always less than 20 μs, whereas those of 'composite' sets were normally higher than 20 μs. We found that the RTV always increased the estimated jitter of fiber pairs. Such increment depended on the amount of neuromuscular jitter. The RTV provides an estimate of the possible error introduced in jitter assessment. This could be important for the diagnosis of mild clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis, myopathies, and Duchenne dystrophies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Etude de la croissance électrochimique de dépôts ramifiés
- Author
-
Kharbachi, Chams, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, Théo Tzedakis, and Fabien Chauvet
- Subjects
Instabilité de forme ,Fractale ,Charge d'espace ,Growth ,Dendrites ,Convection ,Space charge ,Nanostructures ,Electrocrystallization ,Shape instability ,Nucleation ,[CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography ,Electrocristallisation ,Branches ramifiées ,Nucléation ,Fractal ,Croissance ,Ramified branches - Abstract
This study focuses on the growth of metallic ramified branches, obtained by galvanostatic electrolysis of a stagnant aqueous solution of a metallic salt introduced within a Hele-Shaw cell. In the absence of supporting electrolyte, the electroneutrality forces enables the deposition to occur by successive nucleation/growth events, leading to ramified branches made up of nanocrystals. The main objective consist to get a better understanding and to elucidate the mechanisms of the building of the ramified electrodeposits, from the macroscale (branches) to the microscale (nanocrystals assembly). Another purpose is to exploit the formation of branch microstructure as an alternative method to produce metallic nanostructures (Cu, Zn, Fe, ..). A new experimental protocol enables the recovery, without damages, of the entire electrodeposit. The recovered branches were characterized at both macro and micro scales, by both optical and SEM observations, and the obtained data are analyzed with the support of theoretical modeling. Fluid motions are evidenced by optical observations tracking polystyrene microparticles and the determination by interferometry of the concentration field. The obtained results suggest the important role of the electroconvection on the spatial arrangement of the initial branches and therefore on the branch pattern. A morphological transition is observed on the microscale, when the applied current density j reaches a critical value j_c (concentration-dependent). Branches composed only of non-dendritic crystals were obtained for j < jc. Conversely, for j > jc , dendritic crystals appears and they predominate as j increases. A theoretical approach of the transition from nucleation/growth regime to a growth regime was elaborated. A particle size threshold was deduced by assimilating the onset of the dendritic growth to the initial morphological instability of a growing particle (crystal); the Fleury's nucleation/growth model was coupled with the Chazalviel's space charge model. The resulting threshold size is found to be the thickness of the space charge layer and its dependence on operating parameters (j,c_0) is in accordance with the experiments. Furthermore, considering an induction time before each nucleation event also promotes the (dendritic) growth instead of nucleation.; L'étude porte sur la croissance de branches métalliques ramifiées par électrolyse en mode galvanostatique, d'une solution aqueuse de sel métallique, stagnante, à l'intérieur d'une cellule de type Hele-Shaw. En l'absence d'électrolyte support, la contrainte d'électroneutralité pousse le dépôt à croitre, par des événements de nucléation/croissance successifs, sous forme de branches ramifiées constituées de nanocristaux. Le principal objectif consiste à comprendre et à élucider les mécanismes de formation des branches ramifiées électrocristallisées, ainsi que leur morphologie à l'échelle macroscopique (branches) et à l'échelle microscopique (nanocristaux), afin d'exploiter leur formation en tant que voie alternative de synthèse de nanostructures (Cu, Zn, Fe, ..). Un nouveau protocole expérimental a été mis en place afin de permettre la récupération de l'ensemble du dépôt sans détruire les branches. La caractérisation locale des branches a ainsi été possible à plusieurs échelles de longueur, au moyen de visualisations optiques et par MEB. Les données obtenues sont analysées en s'appuyant sur des modèles théoriques à l'échelle macroscopique et microscopique. Des mouvements des fluides ont été observés en suivant des microparticules de polystyrène par visualisation optique et le champ de concentration par interférométrie. Les résultats obtenus suggèrent le rôle important de l'électroconvection sur l'arrangement spatial des branches initiales et donc sur leur pattern. Une transition morphologique est observée à l'échelle microscopique lorsque la densité de courant j atteint une valeur seuil jc (dépendante de la concentration). Lorsque j < jc , les branches sont composées seulement de cristaux non-dendritiques, alors que pour j > jc les cristaux dendritiques prédominent. La transition, d'un régime de nucléation/croissance à un régime de croissance, a été étudiée théoriquement. En assimilant l'initiation de la croissance dendritique à l'instabilité morphologique d'une particule (cristal), une taille de particule seuil est obtenue ; le modèle de nucléation/croissance de Fleury est couplé au modèle de charge d'espace de Chazalviel. La taille critique des cristaux qui en résulte se révèle être l'épaisseur de la couche de charge d'espace et sa dépendance aux paramètres opératoires (j,c0) est en accord avec les expériences. De plus, considérer un temps d'induction avant chaque événement de nucléation conduit également à privilégier la croissance (dendritique) au lieu de la nucléation.
- Published
- 2019
13. Study of the electrochemical growth of branched deposits
- Author
-
Kharbachi, Chams, STAR, ABES, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, Théo Tzedakis, and Fabien Chauvet
- Subjects
Instabilité de forme ,Fractale ,Charge d'espace ,Growth ,Dendrites ,Convection ,Space charge ,Nanostructures ,Electrocrystallization ,Shape instability ,[CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography ,Nucleation ,Electrocristallisation ,Nucléation ,Branches ramifiées ,[CHIM.CRIS] Chemical Sciences/Cristallography ,Fractal ,Croissance ,Ramified branches - Abstract
This study focuses on the growth of metallic ramified branches, obtained by galvanostatic electrolysis of a stagnant aqueous solution of a metallic salt introduced within a Hele-Shaw cell. In the absence of supporting electrolyte, the electroneutrality forces enables the deposition to occur by successive nucleation/growth events, leading to ramified branches made up of nanocrystals. The main objective consist to get a better understanding and to elucidate the mechanisms of the building of the ramified electrodeposits, from the macroscale (branches) to the microscale (nanocrystals assembly). Another purpose is to exploit the formation of branch microstructure as an alternative method to produce metallic nanostructures (Cu, Zn, Fe, ..). A new experimental protocol enables the recovery, without damages, of the entire electrodeposit. The recovered branches were characterized at both macro and micro scales, by both optical and SEM observations, and the obtained data are analyzed with the support of theoretical modeling. Fluid motions are evidenced by optical observations tracking polystyrene microparticles and the determination by interferometry of the concentration field. The obtained results suggest the important role of the electroconvection on the spatial arrangement of the initial branches and therefore on the branch pattern. A morphological transition is observed on the microscale, when the applied current density j reaches a critical value j_c (concentration-dependent). Branches composed only of non-dendritic crystals were obtained for j < jc. Conversely, for j > jc , dendritic crystals appears and they predominate as j increases. A theoretical approach of the transition from nucleation/growth regime to a growth regime was elaborated. A particle size threshold was deduced by assimilating the onset of the dendritic growth to the initial morphological instability of a growing particle (crystal); the Fleury's nucleation/growth model was coupled with the Chazalviel's space charge model. The resulting threshold size is found to be the thickness of the space charge layer and its dependence on operating parameters (j,c_0) is in accordance with the experiments. Furthermore, considering an induction time before each nucleation event also promotes the (dendritic) growth instead of nucleation., L'étude porte sur la croissance de branches métalliques ramifiées par électrolyse en mode galvanostatique, d'une solution aqueuse de sel métallique, stagnante, à l'intérieur d'une cellule de type Hele-Shaw. En l'absence d'électrolyte support, la contrainte d'électroneutralité pousse le dépôt à croitre, par des événements de nucléation/croissance successifs, sous forme de branches ramifiées constituées de nanocristaux. Le principal objectif consiste à comprendre et à élucider les mécanismes de formation des branches ramifiées électrocristallisées, ainsi que leur morphologie à l'échelle macroscopique (branches) et à l'échelle microscopique (nanocristaux), afin d'exploiter leur formation en tant que voie alternative de synthèse de nanostructures (Cu, Zn, Fe, ..). Un nouveau protocole expérimental a été mis en place afin de permettre la récupération de l'ensemble du dépôt sans détruire les branches. La caractérisation locale des branches a ainsi été possible à plusieurs échelles de longueur, au moyen de visualisations optiques et par MEB. Les données obtenues sont analysées en s'appuyant sur des modèles théoriques à l'échelle macroscopique et microscopique. Des mouvements des fluides ont été observés en suivant des microparticules de polystyrène par visualisation optique et le champ de concentration par interférométrie. Les résultats obtenus suggèrent le rôle important de l'électroconvection sur l'arrangement spatial des branches initiales et donc sur leur pattern. Une transition morphologique est observée à l'échelle microscopique lorsque la densité de courant j atteint une valeur seuil jc (dépendante de la concentration). Lorsque j < jc , les branches sont composées seulement de cristaux non-dendritiques, alors que pour j > jc les cristaux dendritiques prédominent. La transition, d'un régime de nucléation/croissance à un régime de croissance, a été étudiée théoriquement. En assimilant l'initiation de la croissance dendritique à l'instabilité morphologique d'une particule (cristal), une taille de particule seuil est obtenue ; le modèle de nucléation/croissance de Fleury est couplé au modèle de charge d'espace de Chazalviel. La taille critique des cristaux qui en résulte se révèle être l'épaisseur de la couche de charge d'espace et sa dépendance aux paramètres opératoires (j,c0) est en accord avec les expériences. De plus, considérer un temps d'induction avant chaque événement de nucléation conduit également à privilégier la croissance (dendritique) au lieu de la nucléation.
- Published
- 2019
14. A Theoretical Analysis of the Plain-Knitted Structure.
- Author
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Shanahan, W.J. and Postle, R.
- Abstract
A theoretical analysis was made of the relaxed plain-knitted structure. The analysis differs from previous ones in that no arbitrary geometrical loop shape is assumed and no empirical methods are used. The loop configuration is de rived from consideration of the reaction forces and couples acting within the structure, their magnitude being determined by the yarn displacement necessary for loop interlocking. A minimum-energy structure is shown to exist; this structure is fairly independent of fabric tightness and yarn properties. The actual energy minimum is fairly shallow, so that in practice some difficulty could be expected in obtaining a perfectly relaxed fabric; this would lead to a corresponding spread in experimental values of plain-knitted fabric shape and dimensions. The numerical values of fabric dimensions obtained from the analysis show good agreement with the experimental data reported by other workers. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1970
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Assessment of VoF based numerical scheme for bubble rise in isothermal liquid layer, and some new insight in thermally stratified liquid layers.
- Author
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Agarwal, Shashwat Sharad, Kumar, Kunal, Chandra, Laltu, and Ghosh, Pradyumna
- Subjects
- *
HEAT exchangers , *LIQUIDS , *HEAT transfer , *BUBBLE dynamics , *KINEMATICS - Abstract
This paper aims at (a) comparative assessment of the different volume of fluid (VoF) based numerical schemes for a rising, single air bubble in isothermal liquid (water) layers and (b) investigation of bubble rise in thermally stratified liquid (therminol) layers. For numerical investigation of bubble rise in isothermal liquid layers, three available numerical schemes, Upwind, Quadratic Upstream Interpolation for Convective Kinematics (QUICK) and Monotonic Upwind Scheme for Conservation Laws (MUSCL) schemes, combined with the pressure-velocity coupling(p-v) approaches, such as, Pressure Implicit with Splitting of Operators (PISO) and Semi Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations (SIMPLE), are considered. The wake analysis revealed that the region of influence grows beyond 10 times the diameter of the bubble. Moreover, based on the comparative assessment, MUSCL scheme with PISO is selected, for investigating the bubble rise in thermally stratified therminol layers. Based on these investigations, a 3D diagram, describing bubble shape as f (Ra, Eo, Ga), is proposed, and a new insight to the micro-convection, inside the rising bubbles is provided. Furthermore, a time-scale analysis is performed to describe the heat transfer mechanisms, (a) inside air bubble, and (b) between air bubble and the external surrounding liquid. Thus, the findings will be useful for the design of heat exchangers or cooling devices, which rely on the heat transfer augmentation with rising air bubble. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Domain shape instabilities and dendrite domain growth in uniaxial ferroelectrics
- Author
-
Shur, V. Ya., Akhmatkhanov, A. R., Shur, V. Ya., and Akhmatkhanov, A. R.
- Abstract
The effects of domain wall shape instabilities and the formation of nanodomains in front of moving walls obtained in various uniaxial ferroelectrics are discussed. Special attention is paid to the formation of self-assembled nanoscale and dendrite domain structures under highly non-equilibrium switching conditions. All obtained results are considered in the framework of the unified kinetic approach to domain structure evolution based on the analogy with first-order phase transformation. This article is part of the theme issue ‘From atomistic interfaces to dendritic patterns’. © 2018 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2018
17. Domain shape instabilities and dendrite domain growth in uniaxial ferroelectrics
- Author
-
A. R. Akhmatkhanov and Vladimir Ya. Shur
- Subjects
Materials science ,General Mathematics ,SHAPE INSTABILITY ,Lithium niobate ,General Physics and Astronomy ,FERROELECTRICITY ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Domain (software engineering) ,Condensed Matter::Materials Science ,Domain wall (string theory) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Dendrite (crystal) ,DOMAIN KINETICS ,FERROELECTRIC DOMAIN STRUCTURE ,0103 physical sciences ,FERROELECTRIC MATERIALS ,DOMAIN WALLS ,DENDRITIC PATTERNS ,LITHIUM NIOBATE ,LITHIUM TANTALATE ,010302 applied physics ,FERROELECTRICS ,KINETIC APPROACH ,Condensed matter physics ,Section 1: Microscopic Analysis ,General Engineering ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,chemistry ,Lithium tantalate ,NIOBIUM COMPOUNDS ,SWITCHING CONDITIONS ,0210 nano-technology ,DOMAIN STRUCTURE - Abstract
The effects of domain wall shape instabilities and the formation of nanodomains in front of moving walls obtained in various uniaxial ferroelectrics are discussed. Special attention is paid to the formation of self-assembled nanoscale and dendrite domain structures under highly non-equilibrium switching conditions. All obtained results are considered in the framework of the unified kinetic approach to domain structure evolution based on the analogy with first-order phase transformation. This article is part of the theme issue ‘From atomistic interfaces to dendritic patterns’. © 2018 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved. 14-12-00826 Data accessibility. This article has no additional data. Authors’ contributions. V.Ya.S. and A.R.A. wrote this in a joint effort. Competing interests. We declare we have no competing interests. Funding. The authors acknowledge support by the Russian Scientific Foundation (grant no. 14-12-00826). Acknowledgements. It is a pleasure to acknowledge the helpful discussions with A.L. Korzhenevskii and E.L. Rumyantsev. The equipment of the Ural Center for Shared Use ‘Modern nanotechnology’ UrFU was used.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Propagation de fissures chargées en tension dans des matériaux fortement hétérogènes
- Author
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VASOYA, Manish, Fluides, automatique, systèmes thermiques (FAST), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UPMC, Paris Sorbonne, Lazarus V., Ponson L., and Leblond J.B.
- Subjects
Crack pinning ,Instabilité de forme ,Shape instability ,Fissure plane en tension ,Approche perturbative ,Tensile planar crack ,Piégeage d'une fissure ,Brittle fracture ,Propriétés effectives de rupture ,Heterogeneous toughness field ,Effective failure properties ,Perturbation method ,Rupture fragile ,[SPI.MECA.SOLID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the solides [physics.class-ph] ,Champ de ténacité hétérogène - Abstract
The development of predictive tools that bridge microscopic to macroscopic scales in brittle fracture is the key challenge of this thesis.In the context of quasi-static planar crack propagation under mode I loading, it has been shown, using first-order weight-function perturbation approaches that, for weak heterogeneities, when the material is homogeneous in the propagation direction, the Griffith's threshold is always reached for all points of the crack front so that the effective toughness is simply equal to the average of the local toughness.Here, we address the same problem but with stronger toughness heterogeneities. In the first part, we consider a half-plane crack embedded in an infinite body or in a finite thickness plate and we extend analytically the first-order approaches to the second-order.We show that even if Griffith's criterion is reached all over the front, the deformations of the front may induce some second-order deviation of the effective toughness from its mean value.We also perform peeling experiments that define their range of applicability.In the second part, we consider a circular crack propagating in an invariant toughness map along the propagation direction and solved the problem numerically, for any toughness contrast and heterogeneity size, by iterating the first-order formulas.For large enough heterogeneity contrast, the Griffith's criterion can no more be reached everywhere: some points of the front are pinned by strong impurities, while some other parts advances continuously. Correspondingly, the effective toughness is shown to decrease with size and strength of heterogeneity from the average value of the local toughness down to its minimum one.; Le développement d'outils prédictifs qui relient l'échelle microscopique à l'échelle macroscopique dans le cadre de la rupture fragile est le défi majeur de cette thèse.Dans le cas d'une fissure plane se propageant de fa\c con quasistatique, en mode I, dans un matériau faiblement hétérogène et invariant dans la direction de propagation, on peut montrer à l'aide d'une approche perturbative utilisant les fonctions de poids, que le seuil de rupture de Griffith est toujours atteint en tout point du front et que par conséquent la ténacité effective est simplement égale à la moyenne des valeurs locales.Nous abordons ici le même problème mais avec des hétérogénéités de ténacité plus élevées.Dans la première partie, nous considérons une fissure semi-infinie dans un corps infini ou dans une plaque d'épaisseur finie et nous étendons analytiquement l'approche du premier au second ordre.Nous montrons que, même si le critère de Griffith est atteint partout, les déformations du front peuvent induire une déviation de la ténacité efficace de sa valeur moyenne.Nous effectuons de plus des expériences de peeling afin de préciser le domaine de validité des approches.Dans la deuxième partie, nous considérons une fissure circulaire se propageant dans un motif de ténacité invariant dans la direction de propagation, et résolvons le problème numériquement, quelquesoit le contraste de ténacité et la taille des hétérogénéités, en itérant sur les formules du premier ordre.Pour un contraste d'hétérogénéité suffisamment grand, le critère de la Griffith ne peut plus être atteint partout: certains points du front sont piégés par les zones plus tenaces, tandis que d'autres parties avancent indéfiniment.De ce fait, la ténacité diminue avec la taille et le contraste, à partir de sa valeur moyenne locale jusqu'à son minimum.
- Published
- 2014
19. Crack Front Fingering During Planar Crack Propagation in Highly Heterogeneous Toughness Field
- Author
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Laurent Ponson, Véronique Lazarus, Manish Vasoya, Fluides, automatique, systèmes thermiques (FAST), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert (DALEMBERT), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Toughness ,Crack pinning ,Materials science ,Linear elastic fracture mechanics ,Crack tip opening displacement ,Fracture mechanics ,02 engineering and technology ,General Medicine ,Mechanics ,[SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph] ,Crack growth resistance curve ,01 natural sciences ,Crack closure ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,Fracture toughness ,Brittleness ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Heterogeneous toughness field ,Shape instability ,0103 physical sciences ,Planar crack propagation ,Composite material ,010306 general physics ,Stress intensity factor - Abstract
International audience; Crack pinning by tougher heterogeneities is in principle an interesting way to toughen brittle materials. To study the impact of highly heterogeneous toughness field, we investigate numerically the propagation of a tensile penny-shape planar crack within an axisymmetric heterogeneous toughness field. In particular, we take into account the large crack front deformations induced by high toughness contrasts. To compute the variations of stress intensity factor along the crack front arising from its progressive deformation, a perturbation approach based on Bueckner-Rice weight function theory is used iteratively. For low enough toughness contrasts, the crack front deforms until reaching an equilibrium shape for which the local stress intensity factor equals the local toughness value at each point of the front. For larger contrasts, however, this equilibrium shape is never reached. Instead, some points of the crack front remained pinned by strong impurities, while some other part of the front advances continuously. The mechanism at the origin of this fingering instability is finally discussed.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Study on Tensile Failure of Highly Heterogeneous Brittle Materials
- Author
-
VASOYA, Manish, Lazarus, Véronique, Fluides, automatique, systèmes thermiques (FAST), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UPMC, Paris Sorbonne, Lazarus V., Ponson L., and Leblond J.B.
- Subjects
Crack pinning ,Instabilité de forme ,Shape instability ,Fissure plane en tension ,Approche perturbative ,Tensile planar crack ,Piégeage d'une fissure ,Brittle fracture ,Propriétés effectives de rupture ,Heterogeneous toughness field ,Effective failure properties ,[SPI.MECA.SOLID] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph] ,Perturbation method ,Rupture fragile ,[SPI.MECA.SOLID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the solides [physics.class-ph] ,Champ de ténacité hétérogène - Abstract
The development of predictive tools that bridge microscopic to macroscopic scales in brittle fracture is the key challenge of this thesis.In the context of quasi-static planar crack propagation under mode I loading, it has been shown, using first-order weight-function perturbation approaches that, for weak heterogeneities, when the material is homogeneous in the propagation direction, the Griffith's threshold is always reached for all points of the crack front so that the effective toughness is simply equal to the average of the local toughness.Here, we address the same problem but with stronger toughness heterogeneities. In the first part, we consider a half-plane crack embedded in an infinite body or in a finite thickness plate and we extend analytically the first-order approaches to the second-order.We show that even if Griffith's criterion is reached all over the front, the deformations of the front may induce some second-order deviation of the effective toughness from its mean value.We also perform peeling experiments that define their range of applicability.In the second part, we consider a circular crack propagating in an invariant toughness map along the propagation direction and solved the problem numerically, for any toughness contrast and heterogeneity size, by iterating the first-order formulas.For large enough heterogeneity contrast, the Griffith's criterion can no more be reached everywhere: some points of the front are pinned by strong impurities, while some other parts advances continuously. Correspondingly, the effective toughness is shown to decrease with size and strength of heterogeneity from the average value of the local toughness down to its minimum one., Le développement d'outils prédictifs qui relient l'échelle microscopique à l'échelle macroscopique dans le cadre de la rupture fragile est le défi majeur de cette thèse.Dans le cas d'une fissure plane se propageant de fa\c con quasistatique, en mode I, dans un matériau faiblement hétérogène et invariant dans la direction de propagation, on peut montrer à l'aide d'une approche perturbative utilisant les fonctions de poids, que le seuil de rupture de Griffith est toujours atteint en tout point du front et que par conséquent la ténacité effective est simplement égale à la moyenne des valeurs locales.Nous abordons ici le même problème mais avec des hétérogénéités de ténacité plus élevées.Dans la première partie, nous considérons une fissure semi-infinie dans un corps infini ou dans une plaque d'épaisseur finie et nous étendons analytiquement l'approche du premier au second ordre.Nous montrons que, même si le critère de Griffith est atteint partout, les déformations du front peuvent induire une déviation de la ténacité efficace de sa valeur moyenne.Nous effectuons de plus des expériences de peeling afin de préciser le domaine de validité des approches.Dans la deuxième partie, nous considérons une fissure circulaire se propageant dans un motif de ténacité invariant dans la direction de propagation, et résolvons le problème numériquement, quelquesoit le contraste de ténacité et la taille des hétérogénéités, en itérant sur les formules du premier ordre.Pour un contraste d'hétérogénéité suffisamment grand, le critère de la Griffith ne peut plus être atteint partout: certains points du front sont piégés par les zones plus tenaces, tandis que d'autres parties avancent indéfiniment.De ce fait, la ténacité diminue avec la taille et le contraste, à partir de sa valeur moyenne locale jusqu'à son minimum.
- Published
- 2014
21. Spontaneous Reshaping and Splitting of AgCl Nanocrystals under Electron Beam Illumination.
- Author
-
Tian X, Anand U, Mirsaidov U, and Zheng H
- Abstract
AgCl is photosensitive and thus often used as micromotors. However, the dynamics of individual AgCl nanoparticle motion in liquids upon illumination remains elusive. Here, using liquid cell transmission electron microscope (TEM), AgCl nanocrystals reshaping and splitting spontaneously in an aqueous solution under electron beam illumination are observed. It is found that the AgCl nanocrystals are negatively charged in the liquid environment, where the charge induces a repulsive Coulomb force that reshapes and stretches those nanocrystals. Upon extensive stretching, the AgCl nanocrystal splits into small nanocrystals and each nanocrystal retracts back into cuboid shapes due to the cohesive surface. This analysis shows that each nanocrystal maintains a single crystal rocksalt structure during splitting. The splitting of AgCl nanocrystals is analogous to the electrified liquid droplets or other reported the Coulomb fission phenomenon, but with distinctive structural properties. Revealing of the dynamic behavior of AgCl nanocrystals opens the opportunity to explore their potential applications as actuators for nanodevices., (© 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Instability of Motion of Gas Bubbles in a Sound Field
- Author
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Nabergoj, Radoslav, Francescutto, Alberto, V. Kedrinskii, Nabergoj, Radoslav, and Francescutto, Alberto
- Subjects
Cavitation ,Bubble dynamic ,Shape instability ,Ultrasound ,Bubble dynamics - Abstract
The shape instability of a gas bubble in water, subject to an ultrasonic pressure field , occurs the pressure amplitude exceeds a threshold value which is increased by increasing the damping. The bubble is highly sensitive to this phenomenon in the frequency regions of radial resonance. In this paper, the threshold amplitudes are derived from theoretical calculations carried out in a first order approximation analysis. The predictions compare favourably with available experimental data.
- Published
- 1986
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