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To investigate the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs)/neural progenitors (NPs) in the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic injury and its potential mechanisms.Fetal NSCs/NPs were treated with EPO after oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation of NSCs/NPs were detected by CellTiter-Glo, Edu assay, flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Immunofluorescence staining, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), and western blotting were used to test the existence of EPO receptor/β common receptor (EPOR/βCR) heterodimer on NSCs/NPs and the possible pathway.EPO treatment at different time points increased cell viability without affecting proliferation. EPO treatment immediately after OGD/R promoted oligodendrocyte and astrocyte differentiation, while decreasing neuronal differentiation of NSCs/NPs. EPOR/βCR heterodimer existed on the cell surface of the fetal cortical NSCs/NPs, EPO treatment significantly increased the mRNA expression of βCR and elevated the correlation between EPOR and βCR levels. In addition, mass spectrometry analysis identified Syne-1 as a downstream signaling molecule of the EPOR/βCR heterodimer. Immunofluorescence staining and western blotting indicated that the βCR/Syne-1/H3K9me3 pathway was possibly involved in the differentiation of fetal neural stem cells into the glial cell effect of EPO.EPO treatment immediately after OGD/R could not facilitate fetal NSCs/NPs neurogenesis but promoted the formation of the EPOR/βCR heterodimer on fetal NSCs/NPs, which mediates its function in glial differentiation.

During acute reperfusion, the expression profiles of long noncoding RNAs in adult rats with focal cerebral ischemia undergo broad changes. However, whether long noncoding RNAs are involved in neuroprotective effects following focal ischemic stroke in rats remains unclear. In this study, RNA isolation and library preparation was performed for long noncoding RNA sequencing, followed by determining the coding potential of identified long noncoding RNAs and target gene prediction. Differential expression analysis, long noncoding RNA functional enrichment analysis, and co-expression network analysis were performed comparing ischemic rats with and without ischemic postconditioning rats. Rats were subjected to ischemic postconditioning via the brief and repeated occlusion of the middle cerebral artery or femoral artery. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression levels of differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs after ischemic postconditioning in a rat model of ischemic stroke. The results showed that ischemic postconditioning greatly affected the expression profile of long noncoding RNAs and mRNAs in the brains of rats that underwent ischemic stroke. The predicted target genes of some of the identified long noncoding RNAs (cis targets) were related to the cellular response to ischemia and stress, cytokine signal transduction, inflammation, and apoptosis signal transduction pathways. In addition, 15 significantly differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs were identified in the brains of rats subjected to ischemic postconditioning. Nine candidate long noncoding RNAs that may be related to ischemic postconditioning were identified by a long noncoding RNA expression profile and long noncoding RNA-mRNA co-expression network analysis. Expression levels were verified by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. These results suggested that the identified long noncoding RNAs may be involved in the neuroprotective effects associated with ischemic postconditioning following ischemic stroke. The experimental animal procedures were approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Kunming Medical University (approval No. KMMU2018018) in January 2018.

The development of adhesive technology is gaining increasing attention in machinery, electronics, aviation, and other fields. However, traditional adhesives are difficult to be peeled and removed after cross-linking and curing due to the limited solubility in common solvents, which causes pollution and damage to the surface of the adherend. In this work, we synthesized random hyperbranched polyamide-amine hot melt adhesives through Michael addition of 1,8-octanediamine and N,N'-methylene diacrylamide (ODA-RHP HMA). Owing to the presence of various polar groups, ODA-RHP HMA exhibited robust lap shear strength to different substrates, including glass (6.6 MPa), ceramics (10.3 MPa), steel (11.5 MPa), and aluminum (11.8 MPa). Due to the hydrogen bonds in ODA-RHP, the HMA demonstrated intrinsic self-healing ability, which can be used repeatedly when being subjected to cyclic heating and cooling. Since ODA-RHP HMA can be swollen or dissolved in ethanol, the adhesives can be easily removed through erasing. In addition, ODA-RHP exhibited aggregation-induced luminescence due to the tertiary amine structure in the molecular structure of ODA-RHP, which can be used in the field of cultural relics restoration.

Background Intensive evidence has highlighted the effect of aberrant alternative splicing (AS) events on cancer progression when triggered by dysregulation of the SR protein family. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanism in breast cancer (BRCA) remains elusive. Here we sought to explore the molecular function of SRSF1 and identify the key AS events regulated by SRSF1 in BRCA. Methods We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the expression and clinical correlation of SRSF1 in BRCA based on the TCGA dataset, Metabric database and clinical tissue samples. Functional analysis of SRSF1 in BRCA was conducted in vitro and in vivo. SRSF1-mediated AS events and their binding motifs were identified by RNA-seq, RNA immunoprecipitation-PCR (RIP-PCR) and in vivo crosslinking followed by immunoprecipitation (CLIP), which was further validated by the minigene reporter assay. PTPMT1 exon 3 (E3) AS was identified to partially mediate the oncogenic role of SRSF1 by the P-AKT/C-MYC axis. Finally, the expression and clinical significance of these AS events were validated in clinical samples and using the TCGA database. Results SRSF1 expression was consistently upregulated in BRCA samples, positively associated with tumor grade and the Ki-67 index, and correlated with poor prognosis in a hormone receptor-positive (HR+) cohort, which facilitated proliferation, cell migration and inhibited apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. We identified SRSF1-mediated AS events and discovered the SRSF1 binding motif in the regulation of splice switching of PTPMT1. Furthermore, PTPMT1 splice switching was regulated by SRSF1 by binding directly to its motif in E3 which partially mediated the oncogenic role of SRSF1 by the AKT/C-MYC axis. Additionally, PTPMT1 splice switching was validated in tissue samples of BRCA patients and using the TCGA database. The high-risk group, identified by AS of PTPMT1 and expression of SRSF1, possessed poorer prognosis in the stage I/II TCGA BRCA cohort. Conclusions SRSF1 exerts oncogenic roles in BRCA partially by regulating the AS of PTPMT1, which could be a therapeutic target candidate in BRCA and a prognostic factor in HR+ BRCA patient.

New antibiotics are urgently required in clinical treatment and agriculture with the development of antimicrobial resistance. However, products discovered by repeating previous strategies are either not antibiotics or already known antibiotics. There is a growing demand for efficient strategies to discover new antibiotics. With the continuous improvement of gene sequencing technology and genomic data, some mining strategies have emerged. These strategies are expected to alleviate the current dilemma of antibiotics. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in discovery of bacterial antibiotics from the following aspects: activation of silent gene clusters, genome mining and metagenome mining. In the future, we envision the discovery of natural antibiotic will be accelerated by the combination of these strategies.

To explore the difference of gene expression between undifferentiated hESCs and DRG induced by hESCs differentiation for 1 day by bioinformatics technology, and find out the key differential genes and their potential molecular regulation mechanism; The functions involved are analyzed and predicted. Download the gene chip data series GSE75582 related to stem cells and dorsal root ganglion from the geo expression database, import the gene chip online analysis tool GEO2R, screen out the differential genes, and construct the volcano map. Webgestalt database was used for GO function analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and string analysis and Cytoscape software were used to construct PPI network. Results 4102 differentially expressed genes were screened, of which 2674 were up-regulated and 1428 were down regulated. Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that the genes were mainly enriched in axon guidance, signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, pathways in cancer, ECM receiver interaction, focal adhesion, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), PI3K Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, TGF beta signaling pathway Ras signaling pathway, which extracts differential genes in stem cell related signaling pathways, including 34 up-regulated genes and 13 down regulated genes. Conclusion BMP4, Sox2, FGF2, Nanog, Smad3, KLF4, gsk3b and FGFR2 in undifferentiated hESCs are closely related to stem cell self-renewal; BMP4, Sox2, FGF2, Smad3, gsk3b and FGFR2 were mostly related to neuropathic pain and neurite growth. However, the functions of these key genes need to be further confirmed by future experimental studies.

BACKGROUND: The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an important mediator of neuroinflammatory responses that regulates inflammatory injury following cerebral ischemia and may be a potential target. Salidroside (Sal) has good anti-inflammatory effects; however, it remains unclear whether Sal can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway after cerebral ischemia to alleviate inflammatory injury. METHODS: We established an oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) model of BV2 cells and a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay were used to detect the viability and apoptosis of BV2 cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the level of inflammatory factors. 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) were used to detect cerebral infarction volume and neurological deficit in rats. Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the protein expression levels. RESULTS: Our results showed that Sal increased viability, inhibited lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and reduced apoptosis in OGD/R-induced BV2 cells. Sal reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8. Following induction by OGD/R, BV2 cells exhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and increased protein levels of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18. Protein levels of key TLR4 signaling pathway elements, such as TLR4, myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B p65 (p-NF-κB p65)/NF-κB p65 were upregulated. Interestingly, it was revealed that Sal could reverse these changes. In addition, TAK242, a specific inhibitor of TLR4, had the same effect as Sal treatment on BV2 cells following induction by OGD/R. In the MCAO/R rat model, Sal was also observed to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia, reduce cerebral infarction volume, and inhibit apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we found that Sal inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis in microglia induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, thus playing a protective role. Therefore, Sal may be a promising drug for the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke.

The vibrational energy levels of many biomolecules correspond to the terahertz band; thus, terahertz technology can be used to identify these substances. Moreover, as the biological activity of most biomolecules can be observed only in aqueous solution, the characteristics of such biomolecules must be studied in aqueous solution. In this study, a simple microfluidic chip, a temperature control device and a strong electric field device were designed to study the terahertz absorption characteristics of guar gum for different temperatures, concentrations and electric field exposure durations, thus enabling the use of terahertz technology to analyse the characteristics of guar gum.

Additional file 11: Supplementary Materials

Additional file 6: Supplementary Table 2

Additional file 9: Supplementary Table 5

Additional file 7: Supplementary Table 3

Background and objective Stroke is a major contributor to the global burden of disease. Although numerous modifiable risk factors (RF) for stroke have been identified, some remain unexplained. Increasing studies have investigated stroke risk in arthritis, but their results are inconsistent. We aimed to synthesize, quantify, and compare the risk of stroke for the major types of arthritis in cohort studies by using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Methods We searched Chinese and English databases to identify relevant studies from inception to April 30, 2020. Only studies adjusting at least for age and sex were included. We calculated pooled effect estimates for relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) and identified potential sources of heterogeneity and publication bias. Results A total of 1,348 articles were retrieved, and after an preliminary screening of titles and abstracts, 69 were reviewed for full text, and finally, 32 met the criteria for meta-analysis. Stroke risk in arthritis was significantly increased in studies adjusting for age and sex (RR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.27–1.46) and for at least one traditional risk factor (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.28–1.54). The results of studies stratified by stroke subtype were consistent with the main finding (ischemic stroke: RR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.32–1.78; hemorrhagic stroke: RR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.15–1.84). In subgroup analysis by arthritis type, stroke risk was significantly increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.29–1.48), ankylosing spondylitis (RR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.25–1.77), psoriatic arthritis (RR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.22–1.45), and gout (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.13–1.73) but not osteoarthritis (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.91–1.16). Age and sex subgroup analyses indicated that stroke risk was similar by sex (women: RR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.31–1.66; men: RR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.28–1.61); risk was higher with younger age ( Conclusions Stroke risk was increased in multiple arthritis and similar between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Young patients with arthritis had the highest risk.

Magnetic fluid is a new functional material with both liquid fluidity and solid magnetism, which has important application value in medicine, biology, and so on. In this study, terahertz technology and microfluidic technology were combined to investigate the terahertz transmission characteristics of a magnetic fluid in different magnetic fields and different electric fields. In the external magnetic field, the intensity of the terahertz spectrum increased with an increase in the magnetic field intensity, and the response to the magnetic field in different directions was different. Under the applied electric field, the intensity of the terahertz spectrum decreased with an increase in the electric field intensity. This method is convenient for studying the terahertz characteristics of magnetic fluid and provides technical support for in-depth studies of magnetic fluid.

Additional file 4: Supplementary Figure 4. PTPMT1-L partially recapitulates the SRSF1-mediated tumor-promoting phenotypes inT47D cells. (A, B) Cell proliferation assay (A) and clonogenic survival assay (B) of T47D cells with depletion of SRSF1 or control, and re-expression of PTPMT1-L in SRSF1depleted cells are performed.

Additional file 3: Supplementary Figure 3. PTPMT1 splicing switch are required for cell growth and migration in vitro. (A) qRT-PCR for testing the inhibitory effects of siPTPMT1-1/2 specific targeting to PTPMT1-L in T47D cell lines. (B) Cell proliferation assay is performed using cells described in (A). (C) Clonogenic survival assay for control (pLKO.1) and treated (shPTPMT1-L) cells are conducted and then quantified in the bar graph. (D) The cell cycle of control (pLKO.1) and treated (shPTPMT1-L) cells are analyzed by flow cytometry and the relative cell population of each cell cycle phase is quantified in the bar graph. (E) qRT-PCR for testing overexpressing efficiency of PTPMT1-L/S plasmids in T47D cell line. (F, G) Cell proliferation assay and clonogenic survival assay for control (pCMV) and overexpression (PTPMT1-L/S) cells. (H) Measurement of cell migration by wound-healing assays using MCF7/MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with PTPMT1-L/S or control plasmids.

Additional file 5: Supplementary Table 1

More than 95% of all human genes are alternatively spliced after transcription, which enriches the diversity of proteins and regulates transcript and/or protein levels. The splicing isoforms produced from the same gene can manifest distinctly, even exerting opposite effects. Mounting evidence indicates that the alternative splicing (AS) mechanism is ubiquitous in various cancers and drives the generation and maintenance of various hallmarks of cancer, such as enhanced proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, and angiogenesis. Splicing factors (SFs) play pivotal roles in the recognition of splice sites and the assembly of spliceosomes during AS. In this review, we mainly discuss the similarities and differences of SF domains, the details of SF function in AS, the effect of SF-driven pathological AS on different hallmarks of cancer, and the main drivers of SF expression level and subcellular localization. In addition, we briefly introduce the application prospects of targeted therapeutic strategies, including small-molecule inhibitors, siRNAs and splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs), from three perspectives (drivers, SFs and pathological AS). Finally, we share our insights into the potential direction of research on SF-centric AS-related regulatory networks.

For the limitation of single-component superplasticizer, condensate-type and copolymer-type combined superplasticizers were prepared. The adsorption of compound superplasticizers on cement paste was tested by Total Organic Carbon (TOC) measurement. Influences of superplasticizers on early hydration process of cement and Organo-mineral phase formation were studied by X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope analysis (SEM) and so on. The results show that owing to the electrostatic repulsion and steric effect cooperative mechanism, condensate-type and copolymer-type combined superplasticizers reduce the superplasticizers adsorption in cement minerals and its hydration products surface, delay the process of hydration of C3A, form Organic-Layered double hydroxides (LDH), increase the early chemical shrinkage and promote the growth of cement early hydration and Ettringite

Background Alternative splicing (AS) is closely correlated with the initiation and progression of carcinoma. The systematic analysis of its biological and clinical significance in breast cancer (BRCA) is, however, lacking. Methods Clinical data and RNA-seq were obtained from the TCGA dataset and differentially expressed AS (DEAS) events between tumor and paired normal BRCA tissues were identified. Enrichment analysis was then used to reveal the potential biological functions of DEAS events. We performed protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of DEAS events by using STRING and the correlation network between splicing factors (SFs) and AS events was constructed. The LASSO Cox model, Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests were used to construct and evaluate DEAS-related risk signature, and the association between DEAS events and clinicopathological features were then analyzed. Results After strict filtering, 35,367 AS events and 973 DEAS events were detected. DEAS corresponding genes were significantly enriched in pivotal pathways including cell adhesion, cytoskeleton organization, and extracellular matrix organization. A total of 103 DEAS events were correlated with disease free survival. The DEAS-related risk signature stratified BRCA patients into two groups and the area under curve (AUC) was 0.754. Moreover, patients in the high-risk group had enriched basel-like subtype, advanced clinical stages, proliferation, and metastasis potency. Conclusions Collectively, the profile of DEAS landscape in BRCA revealed the potential biological function and prognostic value of DEAS events.

This study aimed to compare the influence between Cimicifuga foetida extract and different hormone therapies on breast pain in early postmenopausal women. A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted among 96 early postmenopausal women. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: group A received 1 mg/day estradiol valerate plus 4 mg/day medroxyprogesterone acetate on days 19-30; group B received 1 mg/day estradiol valerate plus 100 mg/day micronized progesterone on days 19-30; group C received C. foetida extract, 1talet (contains 33.3 mg extract), t.i.d. Breast pain diary and numerical rating scale was used to access the breast pain. For 6 months' treatment, the total incidence of breast pain in group A and B was significantly higher than that in group C (p .05). The duration (day) of breast pain in each month decreased over time in group A and B while it was continuously low and without significant change in group C (p .05). The intensity of breast pain was mild in most participants and did not differ among three groups (p .05). During treatment of early postmenopausal women with C. foetida extract for 6 months, the incidence and duration of breast pain were lower than upon treatment with E2 plus cyclic MPA or m-P and did not change over time.

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) has been widely used in engineering for improving the product quality and efficiency at the construction sites, enhancing the working conditions and the appearance of concrete. Workability is an important property of SCC. But none of a single method has been developed for evaluation workability of SCC efficiently. Aiming at the quality control of fresh SCC, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for evaluating workability of SCC was put forward and a case study was done by measuring slump, slump flow, L-box ratio, J-ring flow, bleeding and sieve segregation of fresh SCC in the present paper. Evaluation results indicated that fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method can give a quantitative evaluation of workability of SCC and it is convenient to establish an expert system for controlling the quality of fresh SCC by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.

The impact of long-term continuous cropping on the Fusarium population abundance and diversity, pathogenicity and phylogeny in soybean field were analyzed by using isolation, morphological identification, pathogenicity test, sequencing analysis and molecular marker with restricted fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP). The soybean field was located at the Hailun Experimental Station of Agricultural Ecology of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Northeast China and had been under a long-term rotation experiment designed to two treatments, i. e., long-term continuous cropping (LCC) of soybean for 20 years and short-term continuous cropping (SCC) for 3 years. In SCC field, the population density of Fusarium spp. was 6.0 x 10(4) CFU x g(-1), in which F. oxysporum, F. graminearum and F. verticillioides possessing high pathogenicity and F. solani possessing moderate pathogenicity were the dominant species. In LCC field, the population density of Fusarium population and the dominance index of dominant species were significantly lower than that in SCC. The population density of F. oxysporum, F. graminearum and F. solani were only 36% , 32% and 22% of that in SCC, and F. verticillioide with highest pathogenicity was absent. The diversity and evenness index of Fusarium population were significantly higher than that in SCC. F. tricinctum, F. lateritium and F. avenaceum, just isolated from LCC, possessing a distant genetic relationship with Fusarium isolates possessing high pathogenicity based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1alpha) gene, were non-pathogenicity for soybean. Thus, it seemed that LCC of soybean could cause the inhibition of soil Fusarium population size, alteration of Fusarium community composition and genetic diversity, and even the decline of pathogenicity for soybean root rot disease of Fusarium population.

To explore the changes of different brain metabolites during hepatolenticular degeneration using diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in patients with hepatolenticular degeneration and study the correlation of apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) values and MRS with the different pathological changes.Totally 53 patients with hepatolenticular degeneration were enrolled in this study and divided into DWI high-signal group (n=31) and DWI low-signal group (n=22). Magnetic resonance scan, DWI, and spectroscopy were performed before treatment and 4 months after treatment. The changes of ADC value, N-acetyl aspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) ratio, and choline (Cho)/Cr ratio were recorded.Before treatment, the NAA/Cr ratio was significantly higher in the DWI high-signal group than in DWI low-signal group (P=0.002), whereas ADC value and NAA/Cr ratio were significantly lower (P=0.004, P=0.014, respectively). After treatment, the NAA/Cr ratio was still significantly higher in the DWI high-signal group (P=0.036), while the differences of ADC value and Cho/Cr ratio showed no statistical deference (P0.05). In the DWI high-signal group, the ADC value and NAA/Cr ratio were significantly elevated after treatment (P=0.006, P=0.008), whereas the Cho/Cr ratio showed no significant change (P0.05). In the DWI low signal group, NAA/Cr ratio was significantly increased after treatment (P=0.015), while the ADC value and Cho/Cr ratio showed no significant change (P0.05).DWI combined MRS imaging can be used to evaluate the microscopic structure and metabolic changes during copper deposition and thus, compared with the conventional magnetic resonance imaging provide more information on metabolism. Therefore, they can be useful tools in the early diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of hepatolenticular degeneration.

Vertebral artery dominance (VAD) is defined when there is a significant difference between the diameters of the vertebral arteries (VAs). VAD may be a risk factor for vertigo of vascular origin. The objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate changes of brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in patients with vertigo caused by VAD through magnetic resonance; and (2) to understand the possible mechanism(s) by which VAD triggers vertigo of vascular origin.This prospective study involved 64 patients with vertigo, including 35 patients with VAD (VAD group) and 29 without VAD (non-VAD group) as detected by head magnetic resonance angiography. Age, sex, and other clinical histories were comparable in both groups. The degree of vertigo was graded and BAEP examination was performed in each patient. BAEP changes as well as their correlations of BAEP with the dominant VA and basilar artery (BA) were analyzed in both groups.The rate of abnormal BA shapes was 60% in the VAD group compared with 34.5% in the non-VAD group (Chi-square = 4.135, P0.05). The median BA curvature was higher in the VAD group than that in the non-VAD group, 3.67 and 1.73 mm, respectively (P0.01). Peak latencies (I, III, and V) in the VAD group were longer than those in the non-VAD group (P0.01), but the difference in the III did not reach statistical significance (t = 1.916, P0.05). Interpeak latencies (III-V and I-V) were longer in the VAD group than those in the non-VAD group (P0.05); there was no significant difference in the interpeak latencies of I-III (P0.05). The III-V/I-III ratios were higher in the VAD group than those in the non-VAD group. The vertigo severity level was significantly higher in the VAD group than that in the non-VAD group (3.2 ± 1.0 versus 2.2 ± 0.7). The vertigo severity level correlated with VAD and every major anomaly index of BAEP; its correlations with III-V/I-III were remarkably significant (r = 0.617, P = 0.013).The incidence of abnormal BA shapes and abnormal BAEP, and the vertigo severity level were higher in VAD patients. Moreover, VAD was found to correlate with abnormal BAEP, suggesting that VAD contributed to vertigo of vascular origin.