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A SeO2‐mediated regioselective synthesis of multi‐substituted furans has been achieved through intermolecular cyclization of terminal alkynes with aldehydes. The developed methodology used commercially available starting materials and afforded various 2,3,5‐triarylfurans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The strong regenerative ability of the liver safeguards the crucial hepatic functions. The balance between hepatocyte proliferation and death is critical for restoring liver size and physiology. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha‐induced protein 8‐like 1 (TIPE1) is highly expressed in liver and has been identified as a candidate regulator for cell proliferation and death, being involved in a variety of biological processes and diseases. However, the role of TIPE1 in liver regeneration remains unexplored. In the present study, we found that TIPE1 expression was elevated in the regenerating liver induced by either partial hepatectomy or 10% carbon tetrachloride administration. Mice with hepatocyte conditional Tipe1 knockout presented significantly impaired liver regeneration. Mechanistically, hepatic Tipe1 deficiency decreased the level of reactive oxygen species in hepatocytes, which in turn led to the inhibition of Forkhead box O1 acetylation and microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 I to microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 II conversion, and the accumulation of sequestosome 1. By contrast, forced expression of TIPE1 in hepatocyte significantly promoted liver regeneration following 70% partial hepatectomy and enhanced hepatocyte reactive oxygen species/acetylated‐Forkhead box O1 level and autophagy. These findings indicate that TIPE1 plays a crucial role in liver regeneration by finely regulating the oxidative stress and autophagy and is a potential target for medical intervention of liver regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work investigated the activated carbons (ACs) derived from three kinds of biomass waste carbon precursors, i.e.Phragmites australis(PA), mushroom root (MR), and chicken feather (CF) with H4P2O7activation. The effect of different precursors on porous texture, surface chemistry, and adsorption capacities of the derived ACs were comparatively studied. The pore structure and chemical properties of the ACs were characterized by N2desorption/adsorption isotherms, element analysis, FTIR, XPS and Boehm’s titration methods. It was found that the surface area and pore volume of AC-PA (SBET = 986.8 m2/g,Vtot = 1.07 cm3/g) and AC-MR (SBET = 950.1 m2/g,Vtot = 1.02 cm3/g) were about 1.7 times higher than those of AC-CF (SBET = 471.4 m2/g,Vtot = 0.28 cm3/g). AC-PA (2.488 mmol/g) possessed more acidic oxygen functionalities than AC-MR (1.736 mmol/g) and AC-CF (1.858 mmol/g), while AC-CF had most basic functional groups. Batch adsorption studies were performed to compare the adsorptive abilities of different ACs for trimethoprim (TMP). It was found that the adsorption affinities of TMP followed an order of AC-PA (244.9 mg/g) > AC-MR (165.6 mg/g) > AC-CF (124.2 mg/g). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

An efficient method was developed for the one-pot construction of pyrrolo[1,2- a ]quinoxalines via a Cu(II)-catalyzed domino reaction between 2-(1 H -pyrrol-1-yl)anilines and alkylsilyl peroxides. This reaction proceeds through C-C bond cleavage and new C-C and C-N bond formation. A mechanistic study suggests that alkyl radical species participate in the cascade reaction.

An array of pyrrolo[1,2- a ]quinoxaline derivatives were achieved with moderate to good yields via the electrochemical redox reaction, which includes the functionalization of C(sp 3 )-H bonds and the construction of C-C and C-N bonds. In this atom economic reaction, THF was used as both a reactant and a solvent, and H 2 was the sole by-product.

The metastatic potential of colorectal cancer (CRC) is intensively promoted by the tumor microenvironment (TME) in a paracrine manner. As a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is produced and involved in CRC, the same scenario where integrin α v β 6 also becomes upregulated. However, the relationship between IL-6 and integrin α v β 6 as well as their involvement in the crosstalk between CRC and TME remains largely unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated a positive correlation between the expression of IL-6 and integrin β 6 in CRC samples. The mutually promotive interaction between CRC and TME was further determined by an indirect coculture system. CRC cells could augment the secretion of IL-6 from fibroblasts, which in return induced invasion and integrin β 6 expression of CRC cells. Through the classic IL-6 receptor/STAT-3 signaling pathway, IL-6 mediated the upregulation of integrin β 6, which was involved in the invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of CRC cells induced by IL-6. Taken together, our results reveal a paracrine crosstalk between IL-6 signals originating from the TME and increased the integrin β 6 level of CRC. IL-6 induces CRC invasion via upregulation of integrin β 6 through the IL-6 receptor/STAT-3 signaling pathway. Combined inhibition of IL-6 along with integrin β 6-targeted strategy may indicate new directions for antitumor strategies for CRC., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Qi Sun et al.)

Objective: Integrin αvβ6 is associated with an extremely aggressive cancer phenotype. However, little is known about the clinicopathological significance and prognostic value of integrin αvβ6 in human hilar cholangiocarcinoma., Methods: In the present study, bioinformatics analysis demonstrated a significant increase of integrin β6 gene expression in cholangiocarcinoma tissues compared to non-tumorous tissues, which was further validated in clinical samples through RT-qPCR and western blotting analyses. Integrin αvβ6 was observed to be expressed in 48.6% of tumors, and its expression was related to a poor tumor differentiation (p = 0.002), lymph node metastasis (p<0.001) and advanced TNM stage (p=0.001). Furthermore, patients who were αvβ6-positive showed a significantly shorter overall survival period than those who were αvβ6-negative (p=0.004). Multivariate analysis confirmed that integrin αvβ6 was an independent prognostic factor (p=0.002). In addition, loss- and gain-of-function assays showed integrin αvβ6 not only played an important role in colony formation, but also protected cholangiocarcinoma cells from cisplatin-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis. ERK/MAPK signaling pathway was involved in integrin αvβ6-mediated resistance of cholangiocarcinoma cells to cisplatin., Conclusions: Taken together, the present findings revealed that integrin αvβ6 could serve as a potential prognostic predictor and contribute to cisplatin resistance, which might prove to be a promising target candidate for the clinical intervention of human hilar cholangiocarcinoma., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)

Interleukin-8 (IL-8), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and neovascularization have been implicated to be associated with biological processes, especially cancer progression. However, few studies have investigated the role of IL-8 in human hilar cholangiocarcinoma. In this study we detected the expression of IL-8 combined with MMP-9 and microvessel density (MVD) in hilar cholangiocarcinoma to evaluate their clinicopathological significance and prognostic value. A total of 62 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma who underwent curative surgery were enrolled in this study. The expression of IL-8, MMP-9 and MVD were examined immunohistochemically. The correlation of IL-8 with MMP-9 expression, MVD, clinicopathological features and survival time of patients were then analyzed. Expression of IL-8 was observed in 56.5% tumors, which was related to advanced TNM stage (P = 0.026) and tumor recurrence (P = 0.018). IL-8 had a positive correlation with MMP-9 expression and MVD. Furthermore, patients with high IL-8 expression had a significantly shorter overall survival than those with low IL-8 expression (P = 0.01). Multivariate analysis confirmed IL-8 as an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.005). In conclusion, IL-8 expression significantly correlated with MMP-9 expression and MVD, and IL-8 was a valuable prognostic factor for human hilar cholangiocarcinoma.