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The current reliability evaluation method of the security and stability control system (SSCS) is primarily based on static modeling, which fails to capture the dynamic aging and maintenance processes of individual devices within the system, thereby impacting the accuracy of evaluation results to a certain extent. Therefore, a dynamic reliability evaluation method of the SSCS based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the four-state non-homogeneous Markov model is constructed to simulate the aging process of the device, and the evaluation methods of each state are given. Secondly, according to the repair process, the influence of different maintenance strategies on the state transition of the device is analyzed to reflect the difference of state maintenance. Finally, the reliability of the SSCS is modeled dynamically by considering the temporal or conditional correlation of the state transition process of the security and stability control device. Taking the actual SSCS as an example, the reliability under different maintenance strategies is compared by simulation, and the sensitivity of model parameters is analyzed. The evaluation results show that this method can solve the time-varying availability of the SSCS, and can be used to guide the reasonable maintenance of the security and stability control device on site.

Photonic-integrated circuits based on erbium-doped thin film lithium niobate on insulator has attracted broad interests with insofar various waveguide amplifiers and microlasers demonstrated. Wideband operation facilitated by the broadband absorption and emission of erbium ions necessitates the functional integration of wavelength filter and multiplexer on the same chip. Here, a low-loss wavelength division multiplexer at the resonant pumping and emission wavelengths (∼1480 nm and 1530–1560 nm) of erbium ions based on angled multimode interferometer is realized in the erbium-doped thin film lithium niobate on insulator fabricated by the photolithography assisted chemomechanical etching technique. The minimum on-chip insertion losses of the fabricated device are 20 nm is measured at the telecom C-band. Besides, direct visualization of the multimode interference pattern by the visible upconversion fluorescence of erbium ions compares well with the simulated light propagation in the multimode interferometer. Spectral tuning of the wavelength division multiplexer by structural design is also demonstrated and discussed.

BackgroundThere exist differences in the subjective and objective cognitive functions of patients with depressive disorder， ane there are limited research on influencing factors of such phenomenon currently.ObjectiveTo explore the differences in subjective and objective cognitive function in patients with depressive disorder as well as influencing factors， and to provide references for further understanding of cognitive impairment in patients with depressive disorder.MethodsA total of 77 patients with depressive disorder who received outpatient or inpatient treatment in the Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu from January 13， 2022 to December 11， 2023 were selected for the study. These patients also met the diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition（DSM-5）. Various tools were employed to assess patients in this study： Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale （MADRS） for the depressive symptoms， Perceived Deficits Questionnaire for Depression （PDQ-D） and Chinese Version of Brief Neurocognitive Test Battery （C-BCT） for the subjective and objective cognitive function， Sheehan Disability Scale （SDS） for the social function， and Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness（CGI-SI） for the severity of patient's condition. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation of subjective and objective cognitive function and their differences with age， years of education， MADRS total score， SDS total score， and CGI-SI score. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the influencing factors of the differences between subjective and objective cognitive function.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in the total PDQ-D scores and the difference of subjective and objective cognitive function （D value） between depressive patients with and without medication （t=-4.228， -2.392， P0.05）. Negative correlations can be observed between the PDQ-D total score and age or years of education （r=-0.333， -0.369， P

BackgroundBariatric surgery has emerged as an important tool in the management of obesity. Some patients undergoing bariatric surgery are prone to develop emotional abnormalities and have abnormally elevated concentrations of inflammatory factors level in peripheral blood， whereas current domestic research focusing on the impact of preoperative emotional states and peripheral blood inflammatory factors level on weight loss effect remains limited.ObjectiveTo explore the correlation of preoperative emotional abnormalities with the effectiveness of bariatric surgery in obese patients， and to provide theoretical basis for improving the clinical efficacy of bariatric surgery.MethodsEighty-one obese patients scheduled for bariatric surgery at gastrointestinal surgery Department of West China Hospital， Sichuan University from December 30， 2022 to June 30， 2023 were enrolled and assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17） and Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA）. Patients who scored 7 or above on HAMD-17 or HAMA or had a history of previous depression or anxiety diagnoses were classified into emotional abnormality group （n=34）， and samples who scored less than 7 on HAMD-17 and HAMA and were free of history of previous depression and anxiety diagnoses were set as non-emotional abnormality group （n=47）. The data were collected by the self made questionnaire. Patients were subjected to complete the assessment of Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation-Chinese Version （BSI-CV）， Eating Disorder Inventory （EDI） and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）. Laboratory tests including peripheral blood C-reactive protein （CRP） and interleukin-6 （IL-6）. Body weight and height assessed in the early morning after an overnight fasting period were recorded in all participants at 1- and 6-month after surgery through outpatient clinic visits or telephone follow-up. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine relationship among body mass index （BMI）， preoperative emotional states and peripheral blood inflammation mediators.ResultsAmong 81 obese patients， 62 completed the study， including 27 cases in emotional abnormality group and 35 cases in non-emotional abnormality group. Emotional abnormality group scored higher on BSI-CV （current）， BSI-CV （worst）， EDI and PSQI， and detected higher levels of CRP and IL-6 compared with non-emotional abnormality group （Z=2.677， 2.975， t=3.573， 4.035， 1.990， 2.799， P0.05）， but a significant time effect （F=227.740， P

Objective To explore the effect of self-made cooling Chinese medicine spray on relieving thirst in postoperative patients with esophageal cancer. Methods A total of 212 patients undergoing elective surgery for esophageal cancer were selected as the study subjects. According to the principle of comparability of basic characteristics between groups, they were divided into control group and observation group, with 106 patients in each group. In the control group, the cotton swabs moistened with water were used to moisturize the mouth and lips of patients. In the observation group, the 5 mL transparent spray bottle containing self-made cooling Chinese medicine solution was used for relieving thirst in the observation group. The degree of thirst, thirst-induced discomfort, oral mucosa moistness and the number of additional intervention were compared between the two groups 1h, 2h, 4h and 6h after tracheal intubation removal. Results At each time point, the degree of thirst, thirst-induced discomfort and oral mucosa moistness score in the two groups decreased gradually with time(P＜0. 01), and it was lower in the observation group than in the control group(P＜0. 01). There is an interaction between groups and time(P＜0. 01). The number of additional interventions per patient in the observation group was lower than that in the control group within 6h after extubation, and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0. 01). Conclusion Self-made cooling Chinese medicine spray can effectively relieve the thirst of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer, improve the comfort and save nursing time. (目的 探讨自制中药清凉喷雾剂缓解食管癌术后患者口渴症状的效果。方法 便利抽取2021年1月—2022年12月确诊并行择期手术治疗的食管癌患者212例为研究对象, 按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为对照组和观察组, 各106例。对照组采用棉签蘸水湿润口唇, 观察组采用盛有自制中药清凉喷雾剂的5 mL透明喷雾瓶喷洒解渴。比较两组患者拔除气管插管后1 h、2 h、4 h、6 h的口渴程度、口渴不适感、口腔黏膜湿润程度及6 h内额外干预次数。结果 两组在各时间点的口渴程度、口渴不适感、口腔黏膜评分均随时间呈逐渐降低的趋势(P时间＜0. 01), 且观察组均低于对照组(P组间＜0. 01), 组别与时间存在交互作用(P交互＜0. 01)。拔管后6 h内观察组每例患者额外干预次数低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 自制中药清凉喷雾剂可有效缓解食管癌术后患者的口渴程度, 提升患者舒适度, 节省护理时间。)

Background In recent years, medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) are widely concerned by domestic and foreign scholars. However, China started late in this field with relatively backward development. It is of significant importance for the promotion of MUPS field development in China to learn the researches on MUPS by international scholars. Objective To discusses the current status, research hotspots and development trends of MUPS internationally by using bibliometrics method. Methods The papers related to MUPS from inception to 2022-08-15 were searched based on Web of Science core collection databases from July to August in 2022. The bibliometric analysis was performed on the included papers in terms of publication volume trends and the distributions of authors, institutions and research areas after screening and data processing. CiteSpace 6.1R3 software was used to conduct visualization analysis on collaboration between countries or regions, document co-citation, keywords co-occurrence, keywords clustering, and keywords with bursts. Results A total of 1 615 papers were finally included, the number of annual publications in studies regarding MUPS showed an overall upward trend from 1985 to 2022, with the most rapid growth from 2014 to 2016. ROSMALEN J G M (43 papers), WITTHOFT M (41 papers) and RIEF W (31 papers) ranked the top three authors in terms of number of publications, and the total citations of the three scholars' papers also ranks in the top 10, with 954 times, 1 275 times and 1 339 times, respectively. The top three institutions in terms of number of publications were all from the UK, including University of London (143 papers), King's College London (95 papers) and University of Manchester (84 papers). The top three countries/regions in terms of number of publications were England (422 papers), the United States (341 papers), and Netherlands (268 papers), all of which cooperated closely with other countries. A total of 75 research areas were involved in all the literature, with most studies in psychiatry (605 papers). The literature co-citation network map includes 1 393 nodes and 6 108 connections, and the paper with the highest co-citation frequency was titled Somatoform Disorders and Medically Unexplained Symptoms in Primary Care. Except of "Medically unexplained symptoms", the top five keywords in terms of occurrence frequency were "primary care" (422 times), "somatoform disorder" (405 times), "somatization" (354 times), "prevalence" (217 times) and "depression" (211 times). A total of 12 clusters were obtained by keywords clustering analysis, reflecting in the subject category and epidemiological characteristics of MUPS, key subtypes of MUPS, main treatment methods and management of MUPS. Keyword with the highest intensity of burst was "somatic symptom disorder" "children" "bodily distress syndrome" "somatic symptom disorder" and "model" have burst in recent years and persisted till now. Conclusion At present, the publications of international studies regarding to MUPS show an upward stage, with research hotspots and trends mainly focus on the sutypes of MUPS with more researches, attention to juvenile groups and creation of effective communication models, correct evaluation and long-term management of MUPS, effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for MUPS.

Precise and fast acquisition of shale porosity is important for the prediction of the spatial distribution of shale oil and the exploration target. To address the problem of low accuracy of porosity prediction using logging response equation， a porosity prediction model based on random forest algorithm is established， and the prediction accuracy is compared with those of BP neural network， support vector machine， and XGBoost algorithm， and the importance and influence range of logging parameters are analyzed by SHAP method. The results show that the random forest algorithm can better predict shale porosity， and the prediction effect is better than BP neural network， support vector machine， and XGBoost algorithm； the application of shale porosity prediction based on random forest algorithm in a depression in Bohai Bay Basin finds that the top three most important logging parameters for model prediction of porosity are compensation neutron， natural gamma， and ordinary apparent resistivity； the shale porosity prediction model based on random forest algorithm can quickly identify the porosity of a single well， which can not only compensate for the difficulty of obtaining the complete porosity distribution characteristics due to the inability of continuous coring but also significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of porosity prediction.

Fine-grained visual categorization is an important but challenging task in computer vision due to high intraclass and low inter-class variance. Classical fine-grained image recognition methods use a single-input with single-output approach, which limits the ability of the model to learn inference from paired images. Inspired by the behavior of human beings when discriminating fine-grained images, a deep pairwise feature comparison interactive fine-grained classification algorithm (PCI) is proposed to find common or different features between image pairs and effectively improve the fine-grained recognition accuracy. Firstly, PCI establishes a positive-negative pair input strategy to extract pairwise depth features of fine-grained images. Secondly, a deep pairwise feature interaction mechanism is established to realize global information learning, depth comparison and depth adaptive interaction of paired depth features. Finally, a pairwise feature contrastive learning mechanism is established to constrain pairwise deep fine-grained features through contrastive learning, increasing the similarity between positive pairs and reducing the similarity between negative pairs. Extensive experiments are conducted on the popular fine-grained datasets CUB-200-2011, Stanford Dogs, Stanford Cars, and FGVC-Aircraft, and the experimental results show that PCI outperforms current state-of-the-art methods.

Maximizing self-consumption of the photovoltaic (PV) generation is an important factor to increase the penetration of PV in the residential grid. It can improve PV system profitability, save energy and reduce grid stress. This study proposes a double-layer home energy management strategy to increase PV self-consumption and reduce household electricity costs. The first layer involves rescheduling shiftable appliances to operate during surplus PV generation hours, while the second layer employs a multi-objective energy management strategy based on Jaya and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms to optimize power exchange between the energy storage system (ESS) and electric vehicle (EV), with smart home. Six different scenarios are simulated to investigate the role of household appliances, ESS, and EV technology in increasing PV self-consumption. Results scheduling showed that the proposed strategy can increase self-consumption and reduce grid consumption by 17–41% and 27–78%, respectively, depending on the proposed scenarios. The double-layer strategy is found to be more effective than the single-layer approach, with significant economic benefits. The proposed method provides an efficient solution for improving PV system profitability, saving energy, and reducing grid stress. Thus, this study contributes to the development of sustainable energy management systems, paving the way for future research in this area.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the maternal and infant outcomes of different cerclage techniques for the patients with short cervix or obvious cervical dilation in the second trimester of twin pregnancy. MethodsWomen with twin pregnancies and cervical shortening or dilating in the second trimester of pregnancy were retrospectively selected, who were treated in the Second Hospital of Jilin University from January 2016 to February 2022. McDonald transvaginal cervical cerclage was conducted in 12 cases （group A） and conservative treatment was given in 21 cases （group B）. The clinical features and pregnancy outcomes were observed in two groups. ResultsThe extend gestational age in group A was significantly longer than that in group B ［（9.5±4.0） weeksvs（4.6±4.3） weeks, t=3.287, P＜0.01］. The incidence of premature rupture of membranes significantly increased in group A compared with group B （50.0%vs14.3%, P＜0.05）. Compared with those in group B, the risk of neonatal asphyxia was significantly reduced （4.2%vs38.1%, P＜0.01）, the neonatal survival rate increased （91.7%vs52.4%, P＜0.05）, and the delivery rate at less than 28 weeks decreased （16.7%vs57.1%, P＜0.05） in group A . Compared with 13 patients in group B, 7 patients in group A who used atoxiban in combination showed an increase in gestational age ［（9.1±3.7） weeksvs（4.1±4.8） weeks, P＜0.05］. ConclusionFor the patients with cervical length＜15mm or cervical dilation＞10mm in the second trimester of twin pregnancy, cervical cerclage can reduce the risk of neonatal asphyxia and improve neonatal survival rate. The gestational age can be prolonged with the combination of atoxiban and cervical cerclage.

By using the CIPP model, evaluation indexes are determined to construct an evaluation system for industry-education integrated financial accounting education. The expert authority coefficient is used to assess the degree of authority level of consulting experts, combined with Kendall’s harmonious coordination coefficient to coordinate data differences. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the teaching mode of industry-education integration in higher vocational institutions. Combining fuzzy mathematical affiliation, vector and matrix, the fuzzy relationship matrix set of the input of the integration of industry and education in a higher vocational institution is analyzed and the performance of the integration of industry and education is rated. The results show that the overall evaluation value of the integration performance is 76.9433, which is “good” and can be regarded as a good level of integration performance. In the analysis of the practicality of the teaching materials, 35.7% of the students thought that the course knowledge was not practical.

Purpose Previous studies have indicated that the prevalence rate of hypertension in adolescents is high, but it has not received much attention and the influencing factors are unclear, especially in Yunnan Province, China. Materials and methods A cluster sampling method was used to investigate 4781 freshmen in a college in Kunming, Yunnan Province from November to December. Demographic and lifestyle data were collected using questionnaires, and height, weight and blood pressure were measured. Decision tree model of hypertension in college students was established by Chi-square automatic interactive detection method. Results Prevalence of prehypertension of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were detected in 33.9% and 32.1%, respectively. Prevalence of hypertension of SBP and DBP was detected in 1.2% and 7.2%, respectively. The hypertension and prehypertension decision tree of SBP has gender (χ2 = 728.64, p

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely related to the occurrence and progress of Parkinson's disease (PD), in which neurotoxicity caused by hyperglycemia and cerebral insulin resistance may play important roles, and the specific mechanism is not certain. Chronic hyperglycemia may lead to the injury of substantia nigra dopaminergic neuron by promoting oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, the formation of advanced glycation end products and endogenous neurotoxin. Moreover, insulin resistance may be involved in several pathways. This article mainly reviews the mechanism of T2DM increasing the risk of PD and provides guidance for the prevention and treatment of PD in patients with T2DM.

Abstract Background Though bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir (BIC/FTC/TAF) have been regulatory approved and included in the National Reimbursement Drug List in China, due to the affordability concern, generic version of efavirenz + lamivudine + tenofovir (EFV + 3TC + TDF) is still recommended as the first-line therapy in the clinical guideline and widely used in clinical practice. The aim of the study is to assess the persistence with first-line BIC/TAF/TAF and EFV + 3TC + TDF in newly treated HIV-1 patients in the real-world setting in Hunan Province in China. Methods A retrospective analysis of the medical records of HIV patients initiating first-line antiretroviral therapy in the First Hospital of Changsha in January 1st, 2021-July 31st, 2022 was conducted. Persistence was assessed as the number of days on the therapy from the index until treatment discontinuation or end of data availability. Kaplan-Meier Curves and Cox Proportional Hazard models were used to evaluate the discontinuation rates. Subgroup analysis was performed excluding BIC/FTC/TAF patients with treatment discontinuation due to economic reason, and EFV + 3TC + TDF patients with a viral load > 500,000 copies/mL. Results A total of 310 eligible patients were included in the study, with 244 and 66 patients in the BIC/FTC/TAF group and EFV + 3TC + TDF group, respectively. Compared with EFV + 3TC + TDF patients, BIC/FTC/TAF patients were older, more living in the capital city currently, and had significantly higher total cholesterol and low-density level (all p 500,000 copies/mL, the analysis showed similar results (HR = 10.1, 95% CI = 1.2–84.1). 79.4% of the EFV + 3TC + TDF patients discontinued treatment due to clinical reasons, while 83.3% of the BIC/FTC/TAF patients discontinued treatment due to economic reasons. Conclusions Compared with BIC/FTC/TAF, EFV + TDF + 3TC patients were significantly more likely to discontinue the first-line treatment in Hunan Province in China.

Objective To evaluate the outcome of surgical treatment of tethered cord syndrome (TCS) in children with fatty filum or lipoma of filum at different ages and to explore the natural course and therapeutic strategy of this type of TCS. Methods and Results Total 77 TCS patients with fatty filum or lipoma of filum who underwent surgical division of the filum terminale between January 2017 and May 2022 in Children's Hospital of Fudan University were screened for eligibility. According to age, they were divided into young children group (< 3 years), preschool group (3-6 years) and school-age group (> 6 years). The reasons for admission (Fisher's exact probability: P = 0.001), sacrococcygeal skin abnormalities (χ2 = 7.841, P = 0.021), the proportion of children with clinical symptoms (χ2 = 13.618, P = 0.001), and the position of conus medullaris (Fisher's exact probability: P = 0.039) in the 3 groups were statistically significant. Compared with the young children group, the school -age group had a lower proportion of passive examination (Fisher's exact probability: P = 0.021), a higher proportion of patients seeking medical attention because of symptoms (adjusted χ2 = 12.738, P = 0.000), a lower proportion of sacrococcygeal skin abnormalities (χ2 = 6.481, P = 0.011), and a higher proportion of patients with clinical symptoms (χ2 = 13.558, P = 0.000), and the proportion of conus medullaris located at or above L2 was lower (Fisher's exact probability: P = 0.024). The proportion of patients with clinical symptoms in the school-age group was also higher than that in the preschool group (Fisher's exact probability: P = 0.034). The average diameter of the filum terminale after surgery was (2.17 ± 0.70) mm, which increased by (0.46 ± 0.28) mm compared with that before operation, and 26 cases (81.25%, 26/32) of the filum terminale continued to increase in diameter. Among the 9 cases with preoperative syringomyelia, 2 cases disappeared, 6 cases improved, and one case continued to worsen. Postoperative MRI showed 2 cases had spinal cord retethering. During 1.90 (1.11, 3.10) years of follow-up, no new clinical symptoms were found in asymptomatic patients and 35 symptomatic children had 13 cases in the young children group, 9 cases in the preschool group, and 13 cases in the school-age group. There was no significant difference in functional outcome among the 3 groups (Fisher's exact probability: P = 0.246). One patient was lost to follow-up. Conclusions The clinical features of TCSwith fatty filum or lipoma of filum are different. The older of the children, the higher of the proportion of clinical symptoms, more than half of the patients still have neurological abnormalities after surgical treatment. Division of the filum terminale is a low-risk procedure with few complications, and preventive surgery may reduce neurological damage.

Cervical cancer continues to be a concern, and the prognosis of locally advanced cervical cancer remains poor. IMPA2 was previously identified as a potential oncogene and regulator of tumor apoptosis. In this study, we aim to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms of IMPA2 gene in the regulation of cervical cancer apoptosis. First, we identify AIFM2 as an upregulated gene in IMPA2-silenced cervical cancer cells, and inhibition of AIFM2 reverses IMPA2 knockdown-induced apoptosis. Further study reveals that AIFM2 regulates cell apoptosis in a mitochondrial-dependent manner with a redistribution of mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular Ca 2+ levels. However, the analysis of the STRING database and our experimental results show that AIFM2 has little effect on cervical cancer progression and survival. Further mechanistic study demonstrates that IMPA2 and AIFM2 silencing inhibits apoptosis by activating p53. Meanwhile, the knockdown of IMPA2 enhances the chemosensitivity of cervical cancer cells by strengthening paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. Based on the above results, the IMPA2/AIFM2/p53 pathway may be a new molecular mechanism for paclitaxel treatment of cervical cancer and an effective strategy to enhance the sensitivity of cervical cancer cells to paclitaxel. Our findings display a novel function of IMPA2 in regulating cell apoptosis and paclitaxel resistance mediated by a disturbance of AIFM2 and p53 expression, potentially making it a novel therapeutic target for cervical cancer treatment.

The rapid development of the shipping industry has made energy consumption and environmental problems of traditional ships increasingly prominent. Considering the carbon peaking and carbon neutralization goals and the Initial IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships, ammonia-hydrogen powered marine ships will become an important development direction for waterway transportation vehicles. This study explores the demand for and the international development status of ammonia-hydrogen powered marine ships and analyzes the key technologies, involving ship safety, fuel filling, hydrogen production from ammonia reforming, power production from ammonia and hydrogen, hydrogen production from renewable energy, ammonia synthesis based on renewable energy, and treatment of harmful pollutant discharge. Moreover, staged goals and upper/mid/lower-stream industrial elements are examined based on China’s national conditions. To promote the sustainable and innovative development of ammoniahydrogen powered marine ships in China, we propose the following suggestions: (1) implementing special plans for an ammonia and hydrogen fuel supply system and the infrastructure construction of ammonia-hydrogen powered marine ships, (2) strengthening the maintenance of supportive service facilities, and (3) accumulating engineering experience to provide support for the subsequent large-scale industrial chain and infrastructure construction.

Land subsidence is one of the main geological hazards in the urban area of Changzhou City, and it is also an important environmental geological issue that restricts the economic development of Changzhou City. To improve disaster prevention and mitigation, a three-dimensional monitoring network of land subsidence, which combines point-line-surface methods, has been established. This network utilizes various monitoring technologies such as In-SAR monitoring, GPS monitoring, primary level measurement, bedrock standard and layered standard, optical fiber monitoring hole, etc. The monitoring network has significantly enhanced the accuracy and reliability of land subsidence monitoring in Changzhou. Based on the results of the urban geological survey in Changzhou, the development process of land subsidence in recent decades has been systematically summarized. Using the subsidence deformation data obtained by the established multi-method monitoring network, the development trend of land subsidence in the urban area of Changzhou, the distribution of key subsidence areas, and the main subsidence layers and causation mechanism have been determined. Finally, suggestions for land subsidence prevention and control in Changzhou City have been proposed, providing a reference for future land subsidence monitoring and prevention and control work in urban geological surveying.

ObjectiveTo establish a rapid detection method for enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in milk products by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy.MethodsFive percent acetic acid was used for extraction and dichloromthane was used for liquid-liquid distribution and purification. The parameters including addition amount of colloidal silver， extraction solution and coagulant were determined by single factor experiment.ResultsRaman characteristic shifts of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were （736±5）cm-1， （785±5）cm-1， （1 345±5）cm-1 and （1 395±5）cm-1. According to the position and intensity of probability of detection model， the detection limit of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in milk was 50 μg/kg.ConclusionThe method is simple in pretreatment， the detection is fast and the result is accurate. It only takes 25 min from sample pretreatment to the result issuing. It can be used for the rapid on-site qualitative determination of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in milk.

With the continuous advancement of urban renewal, innovative and creative spaces in the urban village have attracted much attention as a new model of space restoration. In the process of material space transformation, the emotional identity and place identity of innovative and creative spaces in urban villages are reconstructed. However, communities and residents in the urban village remain often been neglected in previous studies, most of which focused on the material and economic perspectives. In other words, the emotional mechanisms and spatial influences of relevant subjects in innovative and creative spaces have not received sufficient attention. By focusing on the innovative and creative spaces of Huangpu village in Guangzhou as an example, this study employed in-depth interviews, network text analysis, and other methods to explore the impact of innovative and creative spaces on residents' sense of place and their role in creating a local emotional identity within the context of urban renewal from the perspective of emotional geography. The innovative and creative spaces of the urban villages exerted a different impact on the local emotion and space identity of multiple subjects through the reshaping of the material environment, culture, and social relations. The improvement of the material environment of the innovative and creative spaces in the urban villages enhanced the emotional identity and local attachment of residents. The cultural values of modern industrial forms were not able to shape the local and cultural identities of residents but increased the level of makers. The local identity of the tenant group was based on creativity and cultural atmosphere. The innovative and creative spaces of the urban villages formed a social network relationship with industry as the link by strengthening the interaction and connection between the subjects, establishing a common emotional attachment and local identity, and transforming the original traditional living space into a multi-dimensional space with consumption, production, and leisure attributes. The emotion and atmosphere of the innovative and creative spaces were displayed during the interaction between makers and residents and during the production of creative products and made different subjects participate in the process of space-remodeling. Not only did this process strengthen the perception and recognition of innovative and creative elements and rural areas, but it also established the recognition of a common local value. Given the current emphasis on the reuse of stock space resources, such as industrial heritage and historical buildings, it is particularly important to focus on the emotional connection between humans and the environment. From the perspective of emotional geography, it is of great significance that the emotional effect and meaning of constructing innovative and creative spaces on rural development are elucidated. This study provides not only a theoretical perspective for a deeper understanding of the relationship between the innovative and creative spaces and the locality of urban villages but also insights into promoting culturally oriented urban renewal.

ObjectiveTo construct and verify the risk prediction model for intraoperative hypothermia in patients received radical surgery for gastrointestinal cancer. Methods A total of 276 patients receiving radical gastrointestinal cancer surgery in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from November 2020 to June 2021 were selected by a convenient sampling as the model group. From July to September 2021, 138 patients undergoing radical surgery were served as validation group. The influencing factors of hypothermia were analyzed based on the data in model group, and the model was constructed using logistic regression， which was respectively verified by Hosmer-Lemeshow and AUC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) for the goodness of fit and prediction of the model. R software was used to establish the line column diagram of validation set for external validation. ResultsThe incidence rate of intraoperative hypothermia in model group was 47.1%. Age, BMI, operation time, bleeding volume, volume of colloid, surgical site and insulation method were ultimately included in the prediction model, and sensitivity, specificity and actual accuracy of the model were 0.754, 0.760 and 75.72%, respectively. In validation group, AUC was 0.820, and the accuracy rate was 74.64%. Conclusion In the patients undergoing radical gastrointestinal cancer surgery, the constructed model can effectively predict the risk of intraoperative hypothermia and provide a reference for the clinical screening of patients with high risk of hypothermia during operation.

Objective To investigate the current quality of life of patients with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for lung cancer under the normalization of COVID-19 prevention, and to explore the influence factors of the quality of life in patients with radiotherapy or chemotherapy for lung cancer. Methods General information questionnaire, the Brief Fatigue Inventory(BFI), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), Self-rating depression scale(SDS)and European organization for the research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) were used to investigate 134 patients with radiotherapy or chemotherapy for lung cancer from Jiangsu Cancer Hospital by convenience sampling method. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of quality of life. Results The total quality of life in 134 patients with lung cancer was (72. 33±11. 13); Univariate analysis showed that treatment delay (t=5. 355, P

The role of mitochondrial activity in angiogenesis is not entirely understood. Here, the authors show that mitochondria as a signaling hub and their dysfunction causes augmented TGFβ signaling to induce retinal sprouting retardation and vascular malformations.

Thermal plasma is a promising technology widely used in materials processing and waste treatment due to its unique properties including high temperature, high energy density, high chemical activity, and high quench rate. Air-plasma is preferentially used because air is of low price as plasma gas. The content of NOx in off-gas from air-plasma was determined using a gas analyzer, and a treatment unit was designed for the green air-plasma process. Results show that the concentration of NOx in off-gas from air-plasma was 2,489 and 9,112 ppm when the plasma input power was 50 and 150 kW, respectively. O2 in the off-gas would act as an oxidant to promote NOx absorption; thus, alkali absorption method was directly used for the treatment of the present off-gas from air-plasma. The absorption efficiency could be increased to 62.2% when additional O2 was provided into the off-gas to change its O2 content from 20% to 50%. The absorption rate was estimated based on the experimental data and a multistage absorption unit design, which could be reduced below 100 ppm and meet the emission standard. This article presents the feasibility of thermal plasma off-gas purification, so as to truly realize the green plasma process.

With the promotion of China's rural revitalization strategy, rural industrial formation based on digital technology is increasingly emerging. How digital technology stimulates rural industrial development as a new infrastructure force and guides the transformation and reconstruction of rural space has become a topic of concern for the Chinese government. Using field research and semi-structured interviews, this research took the tea industry in Zijin County, Guangdong Province, as an example to explore the digital construction process of rural agricultural space. Furthermore, it focused on how digital technology promoted the social and spatial organization transformation of rural areas and analyzed the operation mechanism of digital agricultural space. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) The introduction of digital agricultural technology realizes real-time monitoring of the production space, which helps break the "black box" dilemma arising from the physical isolation of the production and sales sides, and promotes the construction of a logic for agricultural modernization operations. To support the routine operation of the technology platform, digital infrastructure and the introduction of skilled human resources stimulated the creation of new rural spatial functions. 2) Differences in the digital practices of different rural entities were observed. First, targeted digital agricultural space construction leads to differences in resource allocation among rural enterprises of different scales, which intensifies the differential development of rural space construction. Second, the top-down-led digital construction of rural areas has differences between the implementation strategies of governance subjects and the actual needs of local enterprises. This is mainly reflected in the lack of coupling between the integration of digital infrastructure resources and the granting of hierarchical technical knowledge. In addition, grassroots farmers form cognitive inertia to traditional production models and have insufficient knowledge of digital technologies, making it difficult for them to participate in the everyday construction of digital rural discourse systems. 3) Digital technology is leading the rurality turn, i.e., features digital intervention in the construction of agricultural space. Under the discourse of precise poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, the logic of digital rural operation in Zijin County centers on the three-subject framework of government, enterprise, and villagers. With the intervention of digital technology, a hybrid of multiple subjects, networks, and meanings guides the structural transformation of rurality. Overall, digital technology has triggered a reconfiguration of the spatiality of the Chinese countryside. On the one hand, it drives the spatial transformation of rural areas by guiding the transformation of rural social and spatial organization. On the other hand, the current top-down digital technology sink model of rural areas needs to be further improved due to the differences in multiple subjects in rural areas. To broaden the effectiveness of digital technology in promoting the development of rural areas, future construction of digital rural areas should deepen the bottom-up participatory transmission path and guide the participation of more diverse rural subjects.

Currently, the world is undergoing profound changes, and the rise of counter-globalization and trade protectionism is impacting global economic governance. The development of globalization faces major challenges. In this context, China proposed building the Hainan Free Trade Port in 2018, which was understood as both a necessity for China to deepen reform and open up and as an effort to actively reshape the geopolitical and economic environment in global governance. Taking the Hainan Free Trade Port and its geopolitical meaning as the research object, this study employed discourse analysis and netnography to explore geopolitical practices based on nation branding, examine how actors such as the government, media, and domestic and foreign audiences participate in the (re)production of the geo-meaning of the Hainan Free Trade Port, and discuss its geopolitical operational mechanisms in depth. The findings indicated the following: (1) The Chinese government utilized media tools for knowledge representation and production, disseminated grand narratives for domestic and foreign audiences, and worked to build national identity, emphasizing China’s role as a builder under regional and global systems. The audiences were not exclusively passive recipients of media messages, but participated in processing and reproducing them. (2) For domestic audiences, the national narrative inspired some audiences’ national awareness and legitimized Hainan's free trade port. Meanwhile, top-down meaning-making generated contradictory results in specific contexts and even triggered critical, bottom-up debates. For foreign audiences, owing to the political and cultural differences between China and the West, media messages were processed secondarily as a source of geographical imagination, which in turn shaped audiences’ subjective perceptions of the international geopolitical landscape. (3) Finally, the media played an important role in the brand construction process as an information “bridge.” On the one hand, the media served as a tool for the top-down and inside-out transmission of national narratives, creating a favorable public opinion environment for Hainan Free Trade Port’s construction. On the other hand, the media served as a medium for bottom-up and outside-in feedback of audience emotions. Nevertheless, it should be emphasized that the delivery and feedback paths still need to be negotiated for a positive nation branding operation. The contribution of this research is reflected in two aspects: Through the theoretical introduction and case analysis of the geopolitical meaning of nation branding, it provides an initial exploration of related research in China; and, in the context of China’s participation in global governance, it provides a realistic reference for the steady progress of the Hainan Free Trade Port.

Abstract Intravenous thrombolysis is the preferred treatment modality for acute ischemic stroke. In China, written informed consent from patients or proxies must be obtained before intravenous thrombolysis is performed, which always leads to in-hospital delay of thrombolysis. To explore the relationship between characteristics of thrombolysis decision-making and psychological states of proxies of AIS patients. This was a pilot study. 231 proxies of AIS patients were recruited, including 147 males and 84 females. STAI, WFPTS, CAOT, CPS, C-DCS and time-consuming of decision-making were collected by trained nurses during the period from signing informed consent to thrombolysis finished. The general information was collected within 24 h after admission. Pearson correlation analysis and the Ridge regression analysis were used to explore the correlation and causality between psychological indicators (STAI, WFPTS, CAOT, CPS) and decision-making characteristics (C-DCS, Time consuming). Structural equation modeling was used to explore the direct and indirect effect of psychological factors on decision-making characteristics. The mean of anxiety, trust in physicians, and decision conflict were 49.20 ± 9.50, 37.83 ± 6.63 and 30.60 ± 14.77, respectively. The CAOT was associated with C-DCS through the mediation of STAI and WFPTS (p

A method is proposed to predict the upper flammability limits for alkanes in air at increased pressures. The upper flammability limits for methane, ethane, propane and n-butane/air mixtures at ambient temperature and initial pressure of 0.3 MPa–2.0 MPa are identified through the adiabatic flame temperature calculation model. The association of calculated adiabatic flame temperature with pressure is presented to determine the upper flammability limit. Research shows the good agreement between the forecast upper flammability limits with pressure dependence and the experimental upper flammability limit values. The average relative error of the estimated upper flammability limits for alkanes in air at high pressures reaches 2.52%.

All-ceramic restorations are widely used in oral restoration because of their beauty and high strength. Glass ceramics and zirconia all-ceramic materials are the two most widely used all-ceramic materials in the clinic. However, when all-ceramic restorations need to be removed due to marginal microleakage and secondary caries, its high strength and high bonding strength greatly increase the difficulty of removal. In recent years, clinicians have tried to use Er: YAG lasers to remove all-ceramic restorations. The Er: YAG laser can be safely and efficiently applied to the removal of glass restorations, and it can also play a role in thinner zirconia restorations. Various factors, such as the material and thickness of the all-ceramic restoration, the type of cement, and the laser power, can affect the speed of removal of the Er: YAG laser. However, the current research is limited to case reports and in vitro studies, lacking systematic clinical research. The specific mechanism of Er: YAG laser removal of all-ceramic restorations and the influence of laser frequency, adhesive type, and abutment on the removal speed need to be further demonstrated by follow-up research.

AA2195-T8 Al–Li alloy plates were welded by friction stir welding (FSW) at tool rotational speed of 1,000 rpm and tool traverse speeds (TS) of 100–400 mm·min−1 under three types of butting surface conditions, i.e., (1) without butting surface treatment, (2) butting surface milled, and (3) bead-on-plate welding. The effect of welding heat input and butting surface condition on joint line remnant (JLR) and mechanical properties of friction stir welded 2195-T8 Al–Li alloy was investigated comprehensively. In the stir zone of 2195-T8 FSW joints, there exists JLR composed of alumina-particle arrays and microcracks generated from the initial butting surface, and the morphology of JLR would evolve from smooth to serrate as TS increases. Moreover, as TS increases (i.e., the welding heat input decreases), JLR deteriorates the tensile strength of the 2195-T8 FSW joints, with joints prematurely fracturing along JLR. The fracture mode of 2195-T8 FSW joints was considered to be determined by the lower one between strength of JLR (S JLR) and strength of the lowest hardness zone (S LHZ), and JLR tends to be the fracture path at lower welding heat input. Furthermore, butting surface treatment (milling off oxide layer prior to welding) was found to be able to make the JLR in the 2195-T8 FSW joints less distinct and thus improve S JLR, while fracture along JLR could not be avoided.

Objective To explore the effects of different initial drug treatment on motor symptoms, cognitive function and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods Data of 134 PD patients who hospitalized in Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from January 2016 to January 2022 were collected. The patients were divided into levodopa and non⁃levodopa initial treatment groups basing on their initial therapy. The levodopa equivalent dose (LED) was calculated according to the anti⁃parkinsonism medications they were taking. The motor symptoms, cognitive function and quality of life were evaluated with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Ⅲ (UPDRS Ⅲ), Mini⁃Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and 39⁃Item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ⁃39). Additionally, the maximum improvement rate of the levodopa challenge test was calculated. The association between motor symptoms, cognitive function, quality of life, maximum improvement rate of the levodopa challenge test and initial drug treatment was analyzed by multiple linear stepwise regression. Results Compared with non⁃levodopa group, patients in levodopa group had higher MMSE score (Z=⁃3.200, P=0.001), MoCA score (Z=⁃2.736, P=0.006) and the maximum improvement rate of levodopa challenge test (t=⁃2.411, P=0.018), and lower PDQ⁃39 score (t=2.631, P=0.010). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that there was a positive linear regression relationship between the maximum improvement rate of the levodopa challenge test (standardized partial regression coefficient=0.222, P=0.008), MMSE score (standardized partial regression coefficient=0.278, P=0.001), MoCA score (standardized partial regression coefficient=0.241, P=0.005) and the initial treatment of levodopa, and there was a negative linear regression relationship between PDQ⁃39 score and the initial treatment of levodopa (standardized partial regression coefficient=⁃0.235, P=0.006). There was no significant association between initial treatment and UPDRSⅢ score (P=0.697). Conclusions The initial treatment has no different influence on motor symptom progress in patients with PD, however, patients may have more benefits in cognitive function and quality of life from levodopa initial therapy.

Abstract Purpose Due to lumbar spinal surgery is frequently accompanied with moderate-to-severe postoperative pain, it is necessary to find an effective postoperative analgesia for patients with this surgery. This study aimed to observe the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine erector spinae plane block (ESPB) used in posterior lumbar spine surgery. Methods In this clinical trial, patients undergoing posterior lumbar spine surgery were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: intervention and control. The intervention group (Group E) received 0.375% ropivacaine with 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine in a total of 20 ml for ESPB; the control group (Group C) received 20 ml ropivacaine 0.375% for ESPB. US-guided ESPB was performed preoperatively in all patients. Demographics, anesthesia time, surgery time, and ASA grade from the participants were recorded at baseline. The primary clinical outcome measures were 2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 24-and 48-h visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores after surgery at rest and movement state. Other end points included opioid consumption, number of PCIA presses, flurbiprofen-axetil consumption, quality of recovery and pain management after surgery. Results One hundred twenty patients were enrolled in the study (mean [SD] ages: Group E, 54.77 [8.61] years old; Group C,56.40 [7.87] years old; P = 0.280). The mean anesthesia time was 152.55 (15.37) min in Group E and 152.60 (16.47) min in Group C (P = 0.986). Additionally, the surgery time was 141.70 (15.71) min in Group E compared to 141.48 (17.13) min in Group C (P = 0.943). In addition, we found that the VAS pain scores in the resting state during the postoperative period at 8–48 h were lower in Group E than in Group C. However, the VAS pain scores in the active state were lower in Group E at 12–48 h (P

Objective To study the correlation between the time from rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) to disease onset and the clinical characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods A total of 123 PD patients were recruited from Tianjin Huanhu Hospital between September 2019 and December 2021. All participants were divided into the group with RBD (41 cases) and the group without RBD (82 cases) according to the probable RBD criteria. Hoehn ⁃Yahr staging was used to evaluate PD grade. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Ⅲ (UPDRS Ⅲ) was used to evaluate the motor function of PD. Mini⁃Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS), and Non ⁃ Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS) were used to evaluate cognitive function, anxiety, depression, sleep and total non ⁃ motor symptoms. The life quality of patients was evaluated by 39 ⁃ Item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ ⁃ 39). Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between the time from RBD to disease onset and clinical characteristics in PD. Results UPDRS Ⅲ (t = ⁃ 2.703, P = 0.008) and NMSS (t = ⁃ 2.176, P = 0.032) scores of PD with RBD group were higher than those of the PD without RBD group. The time from the RBD to the onset of PD was posit correlated with NMSS score (rs = 0.547, P = 0.001). Conclusions The motor and non ⁃ motor symptoms in PD patients with RBD are more severe than those of patients without RBD. Early onset of RBD in prodromal period may indicates more severe non⁃motor symptoms in future.

The neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside-Mc1 (GMc1) in hyperlipidemic rats in the setting of cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury (I/RI), as well as the role of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoKATP) channels and oxidative/ endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, was investigated. Hyperlipidemia (8 weeks) was induced by a high-fat diet in Sprague Dawley rats. GMc1 (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was given to hyperlipidemic rats daily for one month before I/RI. Rat brains were subjected to 2 h of local ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion. The cerebral infarcted injury was measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and the levels of oxidative stress indicators were detected by ELISA and spectrophotometry. A fluorometric technique was employed to evaluate mitochondrial function. Western blotting was used to detect changes in the expression of ER stress proteins. GMc1 reduced cerebral infarct volume in hyperlipidemic rats in comparison to untreated ones (P

The study of human microglia function in health and disease is limited by the availability of sound models. Here, the authors develop a method to generate functional microglia in human cortical organoids and investigate the role of human microglia during amyloid beta1-42- induced inflammation.

Erbium doped integrated waveguide amplifier and laser prevail in power consumption, footprint, stability and scalability over the counterparts in bulk materials, underpinning the lightwave communication and large-scale sensing. Subject to the highly confined mode in the micro-to-nanoscale and moderate propagation loss, gain and power scaling in such integrated devices prove to be more challenging compared to their bulk counterparts. In this work, a thin cladding layer of tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) is employed in the erbium doped lithium niobate (LN) waveguide amplifier fabricated on the thin film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) wafer by the photolithography assisted chemo-mechanical etching (PLACE) technique. Above 20 dB small signal internal net gain is achieved at the signal wavelength around 1532 nm in the 10 cm long LNOI amplifier pumped by the diode laser at ∼980 nm. Experimental characterizations reveal the advantage of Ta2O5 cladding in higher optical gain compared with the air-clad amplifier, which is further explained by the theoretical modeling of the LNOI amplifier including the guided mode structures and the steady-state response of erbium ions.

Achieving high-efficiency sorting of microfluidics (such as cells, particles, droplets, etc.) has great significance in the fields of biology, chemistry, medical treatment, material synthesis, and drug development. This paper introduces the microfluidics sorting methods in recent years. The current research status and progress can be divided into the active sorting system and passive sorting system according to whether there is an external field. They can control the microfluidics by promoting more selective separation, so as to obtain higher resolution and selection rate. In this paper, the above methods are analyzed and discussed, and the future microfluidic sorting is prospected.

Requirements for the cockpit of military vehicles are constantly increasing as a result of escalating threats. The traditional transparent bulletproof armor based on glass have been unsatisfactory to relevant application requirements, and lighter and thinner transparent armor based on ceramics is becoming main option. Similar to other bulletproof armor, the main research fields of transparent bulletproof armor include:seek materials with higher performance for armor components; guide the structure design and ballistic test by experiment or computer simulation; understand the main performance of armor materials, the holistic performance of the armor system and the interaction between the components of the whole system more deeply. Based on this notion, the advantages and disadvantages, preparation technology, development, and application situation of the three kinds of ceramic materials commonly used in transparent armor were summarized. Among the three kinds of ceramics, sapphire has the best static parameters. As for the actual effect of bulletproof, the polycrystalline ceramics are better. The main reason for this phenomenon is that the different fragmentation modes of the two kinds of ceramics lead to the difference of projectile-target interaction effect. After that, the crack growth under high strain rate and bullet-proof property of single crystal, polycrystalline ceramics and glass were discussed. Under uniaxial, high strain rate compression, the crack propagation characteristics of materials are sensitive to impact energy/velocity. Polycrystalline ceramics has a composite failure mode of intergranular fracture and intragranular fracture. Under high energy impact, the damage zone of sapphire is similar to polycrystalline ceramics. Lower than critical energy, some sapphire plate orientations damage would be dominated. Finally, the material selection standards and structural design principles of each functional layer were summarized and prospected. Fine grain polycrystalline ceramic materials with high Young's modulus and high hardness are preferred for the strike-layer. Materials with good fracture toughness, high bending stiffness and the ability to localization of the damage within a narrow region should be selected for the intermediate layer. The materials of backing layer require ductility and low density. The bulletproof efficiency of the transparent-armor systems depends on the type and the degree of interaction/integration of different functional layers.

With the development of artificial intelligence technology, explosive research on the recognition of retina diseases with artificial intelligence was published worldwide, among which, diabetic retinopathy attracted most attention. However, evaluation of different artificial intelligence software remains a problem. The Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital published the first standard well-annotated color photo database of diabetic retinopathy for artificial intelligence research in China. We herein present the procedures for the establishment of the database and aim to provide reference for the future development of similar databases.

BackgroundActive efficiency calibration of radiation detector requires the multiple standard radioactive sources with different energies, and the measurement condition of the standard sources need to be consistent with sample sources. Due to the limitation of these experimental conditions, it is difficult to achieve efficiency calibration of detectors effectively in ordinary laboratories.PurposeThis study aims to solve the above problems by simulation and experimental test.MethodsFirst of all, Monte Carlo software MCNP (Monte Carlo N Particle Transport Code) was used to explore the influences of detection efficiency for a lanthanum bromide scintillation detector corresponding to the simulated energy of 0.662 MeV of 137Cs source. Influencing factors such as Al shell thickness, MgO reflector thickness and crystal size of LaBr3:Ce (ø3.18 cm×10.16 cm) detector on full-energy peak efficiency were calculated. Then, passive full-energy peak efficiency calibration of the detector was carried out by the MCNP, and the simulation results were compared with the ones of theoretical calculation and measurement.ResultsThe full-energy peak efficiency decreases with the increase of thicknesses of the Al shell in end-face and the MgO reflector, and thickness of the cylindrical Al shell has little effect on that. The full energy peak efficiency raises with the increase of the crystal length and radius of the detector, and the effect of the radius on the full-energy peak efficiency is more obvious than that of the length. The errors between the simulation and the theoretical calculation as well as the measurement results are within 7% and 6%, respectively.ConclusionsThe accurate of simulation results proves the correctness of efficiency calibration in this study which provides reference for the laboratory to perform passive efficiency calibration.

Pre-albumin (PAB) can be used to evaluate the association between nutrition status and in-hospital mortality. However, there is no literature to compare if PAB is the best indicator to predict in-hospital mortality among the nutrition indexes in a study.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of a guided resin cementation technique on vertical food impaction symptoms and to provide a new method for the treatment of vertical food impaction. Methods Treatment of 76 patients with vertical food impaction with guided resin cementation was performed. A specially fabricated contact shaping wire was used to aid the shaping of the contact. Cementation was applied under a rubber dam with the total-etch technique with flowable composite resin. Patient subjective perception was recorded after treatment (i.e., “totally relieved”=3, “significantly improved”=2, “slightly improved”=1 and “no change”=0). Follow-up visits lasted for one year. Scores of 1 to 3 were recorded as effective. The efficiency rates at different times were calculated. Results Patient subjective perceptions scored 2.47, 2.21, 1.79, 1.30 and 0.97 on the day immediately after and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment, respectively. There were significant differences among scores at each time point (P

Abstract Aims Cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL) is a life‐threatening, inherited, nonhypertensive arteriole disease of the brain. Therapeutic strategy for CARASIL is limited because its pathogenesis is not clear. We previously reported the first family with CARASIL in China, which involves a high‐temperature requirement serine protease gene mutation (HtrA1L364P). Based on this previous study, we constructed a CARASIL mouse model (Mut‐hHtrA1L364P mouse, hereinafter referred to as Mut). This paper aimed to systematically study the behavior, pathology, and molecular biology of Mut mice and explore the pathogenesis and possible therapeutic strategies of CARASIL. Methods Food maze and water maze experiments were used in the behavioral studies. Pathological studies were carried out by arteriole labeling staining and electron microscopy. The mRNA and protein expression levels of the key factors of TGF‐β/Smad signaling pathway (TGF‐β, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4) in the brain of the model mice were detected by immunohistochemistry, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and Western blot assay. Results The food maze and water maze experiment data showed significant differences between the Mut and wild‐type (WT) mice in the first time to find food, the time to contact the escape table for the first time, and the number of times to travel in the escape table quadrant (p

BackgroundIn nuclear radiation measurement, nuclear pulse signal can only process the analog circuit system in sequence, generally, signal distortion appeared.PurposeThis paper proposed inverse C-R algorithm aims at obtaining narrow nuclear pulse signal, implementing baseline elimination, and realizing better precision and high-resolution energy spectrum measurement under high counting rate.MethodThis paper makes detail study in C-R circuit system with Laplace transform and Z-transform, and corresponding continuous and discrete solutions to step signal and minus exponential signal of C-R circuit are presented, besides, considering the difficulty in algorithm deployment in FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) with exponential parameter, Taylor expansion is applied to simplify the discrete response, which an modified discrete solution is also presented, besides, numerical solution of C-R system is also considered, the comparison of the three discrete solutions are simulated with MATLAB. And with suitable transform of C-R numerical solution, inverse C-R numerical solution is obtained, as appropriate choice of parameter, inverse C-R numerical solution can not only eliminate the undershoot in nuclear signal, but also realize the narrowing of the signal.Results & ConclusionsSimulation results presents that the three methods are in consistence in nuclear signal processing, and with suitable parameter setting, inverse C-R system can eliminate the undershoot and narrow the signal, and with accurate baseline estimation, baseline restoration can be realized with modified inverse C-R baseline eliminating algorithm.

The surface damage resistance of chemically strengthened aluminosilicate glass is very important. The surface hardness and modulus are closely related to the damage resistance of glass. The micromechanical behaviors such as surface hardness and modulus of chemically strengthened aluminosilicate glass were analyzed by finite element method, and compared with the results of nanoindentation experiment. The results show that the load displacement curve of nanoindentation calculated by finite element method is in good agreement with the experimental results. According to the load displacement curve obtained by finite element simulation, Oliver and Pharr method was used to calculate the hardness and Young’s modulus. The calculated results are very close to the experimental values. The relationship between the yield strength of aluminosilicate glass and the stress-strain in the plastic region calculated by Larsson’s plastic formula is used in the simulation process. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which indicates that the accuracy of the plastic parameters of aluminosilicate glass obtained by Larsson’s plastic formula is high. Finally, according to the stress distribution obtained by finite element simulation, the elastic-plastic deformation behavior of aluminosilicate glass before and after chemical strengthening was analyzed. The results show that the surface compressive stress layer produced by chemical strengthening has more influence on the elastic zone of aluminosilicate glass, but has less influence on the plastic zone.