1. Comparative Proteomics of Human and Macaque Milk Reveals Species-Specific Nutrition during Postnatal Development.
- Author
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Beck KL, Weber D, Phinney BS, Smilowitz JT, Hinde K, Lönnerdal B, Korf I, and Lemay DG
- Subjects
- Animals, Brain growth & development, Brain metabolism, Child Development physiology, Chromatography, Liquid, Female, Gastrointestinal Tract growth & development, Gastrointestinal Tract metabolism, Humans, Immune System growth & development, Immune System metabolism, Infant, Lactoferrin isolation & purification, Lactoferrin metabolism, Macaca mulatta growth & development, Macaca mulatta metabolism, Milk, Human metabolism, Proteome metabolism, Receptors, Polymeric Immunoglobulin isolation & purification, Receptors, Polymeric Immunoglobulin metabolism, Species Specificity, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Transcobalamins isolation & purification, Transcobalamins metabolism, Vitamin D-Binding Protein isolation & purification, Vitamin D-Binding Protein metabolism, alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin isolation & purification, alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin metabolism, Lactation physiology, Milk, Human chemistry, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Proteome isolation & purification
- Abstract
Milk has been well established as the optimal nutrition source for infants, yet there is still much to be understood about its molecular composition. Therefore, our objective was to develop and compare comprehensive milk proteomes for human and rhesus macaques to highlight differences in neonatal nutrition. We developed a milk proteomics technique that overcomes previous technical barriers including pervasive post-translational modifications and limited sample volume. We identified 1606 and 518 proteins in human and macaque milk, respectively. During analysis of detected protein orthologs, we identified 88 differentially abundant proteins. Of these, 93% exhibited increased abundance in human milk relative to macaque and include lactoferrin, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, alpha-1 antichymotrypsin, vitamin D-binding protein, and haptocorrin. Furthermore, proteins more abundant in human milk compared with macaque are associated with development of the gastrointestinal tract, the immune system, and the brain. Overall, our novel proteomics method reveals the first comprehensive macaque milk proteome and 524 newly identified human milk proteins. The differentially abundant proteins observed are consistent with the perspective that human infants, compared with nonhuman primates, are born at a slightly earlier stage of somatic development and require additional support through higher quantities of specific proteins to nurture human infant maturation.
- Published
- 2015
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