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The applications of ozonized oils in human medicine, veterinary, and dentistry have been experiencing a significant increase in the last years. An important chemical property of ozonized oils is their oxidizing capacity, which is directly related to the therapeutical effects. This work aimed to study the light emission caused by the oxidation of luminol by ozonized sesame oil. Sesame oil was ozonized at different time intervals and characterized by peroxide index, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. The light emission efficiency was correlated with the pH of the medium, the concentration of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), used as a catalyst, and solvents. A linear correlation was obtained between the concentration of ozonized oil and the integrated light emission. In a second approach, taurine chloramine (Tau-NHCl) was used instead of HRP. The light emission was dependent on both ozonized oil and Tau-NHCl, showing the involvement of intermediate oxidative species in the reaction. Considering the growing therapeutic applications of ozonized oils and Tau-NHCl, these findings instigate further biological investigations to characterize additive or synergic microbicidal properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the factors currently identified in the appearance of acne is the bacterial proliferation of Cutibacterium acnes due to seborrhea and hyperkeratosis. Topical acne treatments are strictly necessary and range from antibiotics to salicylic acid depending on the type of acne to be treated. The main mechanisms of action of topical products for this disease are aimed at eliminating excess bacteria from the skin and reducing the process of redness and inflammation. For the treatment of this disease, two creams were developed using two concentrations of topical OLEOZON® as active pharmaceutical ingredient, with polysorbate 80 as emulsifying agent and other excipients. A stability study was performed for six months, which showed its behavior at the two storage temperatures (2-8˚C and 30˚C) from the organoleptic, physicochemical and microbiological point of view, the latter showed a marked antimicrobial activity and absence of microorganisms in the samples during the six months of study. The organoleptic properties showed better results at low storage temperatures, since they remained uniform in terms of color, odor and texture; likewise, the physicochemical evaluation corroborated a better performance for the creams stored at low temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we aimed to investigate ozonized oil nanoemulsions (OZNEs) as a radiosensitizer within B-16 melanoma and OV-90 ovarian cells under X-ray irradiation in vitro. Radiation sensitivity of OZNE treated B-16 melanoma cells and OV-90 ovarian cells were evaluated by performing cell cycle analysis, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and ɣ-H2AX assays by flow cytometry. OZNEs induced G0-1 phase arrest of B-16 melanoma cells for all radiation doses and G2/M arrest for 8 Gy and 15 Gy doses. OZNE treated B-16 melanoma and OV-90 ovarian cells induced DNA damage via the increase in ROS production, as well as significant increase in the expression of ɣ-H2AX under even low doses of radiation (2 Gy). Thus, OZNEs are suggested to help to optimize cancer RT as a radiosensitizer and further studies will significantly outperform recent advances in this field. [Display omitted] • The radiosensitivity potential of OZNE against B-16 melanoma and OV-90 ovarian cells were evaluated. • The presence of OZNE during under ionizing radiation greatly increase ROS production and ɣ-H2AX positivity. • DNA damage via the increase in ROS production and ɣ-H2AX expression was determined even under low doses of radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of ozonized solutions on tissue wound repair in rats. Treatments consisted of ozonized water (GA), 0.9% sodium chloride (GCL), ozonized oil (GO), and 0.2% allantoin cream (GAL). The morphometric evaluation showed that wounds of the GA group presented a higher degree of retraction (p

Ozone therapy delivered by local injections, together with topically applied ozonated vegetable oil, to a woman with chronic, extremely painful, and swollen anal fissure provided rapid relief of symptoms. All symptoms were abated by 14 sessions. Full healing occurred, which to date has endured over 2 years. Ozone by injection may be a superior form of delivery of this healing gas than rectal insufflation for anal fissure. The treatment is inexpensive, relatively non-invasive, and can be performed without pain under local anesthesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of this study is the determination of antimicrobial activity at different concentrations of ozonized olive oil of Olea europea L. against eight bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 9372, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 15313, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 35659, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 4352, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 13311), two yeasts Candida albicans ATCC 25923 and Aureobasidium pullulans and five fungi Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium expansum, Aspergillus itaconicus, Fusarium solani. The antimicrobial activity of ozonized oil is measured by the agar diffusion method. The oil inhibits the growth of most strains, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 35659 as the most sensitive bacterium with the inhibitory zone of 18.33 mm±0.47. The results of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) test showed that the MIC varies from 0.198 mg/mL to 63.5 mg/mL. The ozonized oil inhibits the growth of all tested fungal strains, the most sensitive fungi is Fusarium solani with the inhibitory zone of 36.66 mm±0.40 with minimal fungistatic concentration (MFCs) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFCc) obtained between 0.38 mg/mL and 12.2 mg/mL. The CMF of the oil ozonized on C. albicans obtained is 0.38 mg/mL, 13 times less compared to that found in the study, this result indicates that antifungal activity on C. albicans of ozonized oil is very significant. We demonstrate that the ozonation of olive oil leads to the formation of the various toxic products (hyperoxides, ozonides, adehhydes, peroxides, diperoxides and polyperoxides) responsible for the antimicrobial effect, this effect may be due to toxicity rather than metabolic interruption. Ozone and its derivatives are proposed especially ozonide as powerful antimicrobial agents especially in this pandemic of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The healing of wounds that occur on the skin, after the occurrence of some traumatic action, constitutes a dynamic process characterized by the integration of four sequential phases based on hemostasis. There are different factors that affect wound healing; such is the case of bacterial infections and even metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Talking into account that there is little evidence of effective pharmacological therapies for the treatment of wounds and/or ulcers in the skin, the search for new pharmacotherapeutic strategies is a current topic. For this purpose, the use of ozonated oils has shown promising effectiveness as the treatment of choice to accelerate wound healing. So the objective of this work is aimed at identifying the ozonated oils used in the treatment of wound healing of the skin and their healing action mechanism. For this, all the published information that was available in the PubMed database was collected. In this sense, a brief description of the healing process, the fundamental factors that the control, the general factors of ozonized oils and the mechanisms of action described for their healing action in different experimental models were made. This document summarizes in an organized way all the results that ensure and sustain the effectiveness of ozonized oils, as stimulators of the healing process. It is concluded that ozonated oils facilitate the restoration of damaged skin through the activation of different molecular mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Derived from ozonetherapy, the ozonized oils represent an Ozonized oils represent an interesting pharmaceutical approach to the management of a variety of dermatological pathologies. Ozone reacts with carbon-carbon double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids according to the mechanism described by Criegee, forming ozonides or 1,2,4 trioxolane rings and peroxides as the most important products, responsible for the antimicrobial activity and stimulating tissue repair and regeneration properties. The ozonized vegetable oils can be liquids or semisolids at room temperature and have stability periods that may be adequate for commercial distribuition. Ozonized sunflower oil (Oleozon®), a drug registered nationally and developed in the Ozone Research Center in Cuba has been tested and it was found to have valuable antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi and virus. FT-IR and NMR technics are used to confirm the structural changes undergone by oil during the ozonation. For determining the quality of ozonized oils, analytical methods such as peroxide, acidity and iodine values are usually carried out. Products are available for an alternative use of available resources, natural and renewable sources, simple technology, low cost and with extensive biological activity with reduced collateral effects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v4i4.467

La úlcera varicosa es una complicación frecuente en la insuficiencia venosa de los miembros inferiores que condiciona múltiples trastornos locales y sistémicos, con una mala calidad de vida del paciente. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto cicatrizante del oleozón en ulceras varicosas de los miembros inferiores en la atención primaria. Se tomó una muestra de 60 pacientes con úlceras varicosas en miembros inferiores que fueron divididos en dos grupos: A) 30 tratados con oleozón®, B) 30 tratados convencionalmente, de forma ambulatoria desde enero de 2007 hasta mayo de 2008. Se consideró como buen resultado cuando a los 45 días de tratamiento o antes, el paciente presentó una remisión parcial o total y se consideró fracasado cuando no hubo remisión. Se utilizó la prueba de comparación de frecuencias de X² al 95 % de confianza y obtuvo un incremento significativo del doble de casos con remisión total bajo tratamiento con oleozón®, de manera que la eficacia quedó comprobada para el tratamiento ambulatorio en la Atención Primaria de Salud, de las úlceras varicosas de miembros inferiores, rebeldes a tratamiento convencional.Varicous ulcers are frequent complications of the venous insufficiency of the lower limbs, leading to multiple local and systemic impairments, producing patients having bad quality of life. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the scarring effect of oleozón®, on various ulcers of the lower limbs at the Primary Health Care level. A sample of60 patients were divided into two groups: A) 30 patients, receiving ozonized oil (oleozón®), B) 30 patients conventionally treated, in ambulatory way since January 2007 to May 2008. A good result was considered when after 45 days of treatment or before that time a partial or total remission was obtained, and failure when no remission was observed. X2 test was used to compare frequencies at 95 % of certainty. There was two fold number of cases under on remission in group A, showing the efficacy of the treatment, otherwise rebels to the conventional treatment.

The use of ozonized vegetable oils as drugs or cosmetics requires having data on their stability over the time. In this study, ozonized sunflower oil was stored under different temperatures for up to 1 year. Peroxide index, acidity value, gas chromatography profile, infrared profile and antibacterial activity (againstStreptococcus uberis) of this ozonized oil were followed. The results highlight the fact that the better way to preserve the initial composition of ozonized oil is to keep it at low temperature. However, the antibacterial activity is not diminished by the changes occurring to the composition. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Ozonized oils represent an interesting pharmaceutical approach to the management of a variety of dermatological pathologies. Ozone reacts with carbon-carbon double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids according to the mechanism described by Criegee, forming ozonides or 1,2,4 trioxolane rings and peroxides as the most important products, responsible for the antimicrobial activity and stimulating tissue repair and regeneration properties. The ozonized vegetable oils can be liquids or semisolids at room temperature and have stability periods that may be adequate for commercial distribuition. Ozonized sunflower oil (Oleozon®), a drug registered nationally and developed in the Ozone Research Center in Cuba has been tested and it was found to have valuable antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi and virus. FT-IR and NMR technics are used to confirm the structural changes undergone by oil during the ozonation. For determining the quality of ozonized oils, analytical methods such as peroxide, acidity and iodine values are usually carried out. Products are available for an alternative use of available resources, natural and renewable sources, simple technology, low cost and with extensive biological activity with reduced collateral effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Cancer relapses after chemo-radiotherapies arise from cancer stem cells able to escape cell killing because of their high antioxidants level. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of ozonized oils to decrease the rate of cancer relapses. In vitro, oils at high ozonide content penetrate inside cancer cells releasing oxygen and reactive oxygen species damaging the thin outer membrane of inactive mitochondria. This event triggers intracellular calcium release and activates apoptosis. In vivo, ozonized oil has been administered by the oral route effectively decreasing blood antioxidants in cancer patients. This approach results in significant increase of survival rate and decrease of relapses in 115 cancer patients (brain, lung, pancreas, colon, skin) undergoing standard radio-chemotherapy regimens during a 4-years follow up. Obtained results indicate that the administration of ozonized oil represents an integrated approach to decrease the risk of radio-chemoresistance and cancer relapses in cancer patients. Background: Cancer tissue is characterized by low oxygen availability triggering neo angiogenesis and metastatisation. Accordingly, oxidation is a possible strategy for counteracting cancer progression and relapses. Previous studies used ozone gas, administered by invasive methods, both in experimental animals and clinical studies, transiently decreasing cancer growth. This study evaluated the effect of ozonized oils (administered either topically or orally) on cancer, exploring triggered molecular mechanisms. Methods: In vitro, in lung and glioblastoma cancer cells, ozonized oils having a high ozonide content suppressed cancer cell viability by triggering mitochondrial damage, intracellular calcium release, and apoptosis. In vivo, a total of 115 cancer patients (age 58 ± 14 years; 44 males, 71 females) were treated with ozonized oil as complementary therapy in addition to standard chemo/radio therapeutic regimens for up to 4 years. Results: Cancer diagnoses were brain glioblastoma, pancreas adenocarcinoma, skin epithelioma, lung cancer (small and non-small cell lung cancer), colon adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, prostate adenocarcinoma. Survival rate was significantly improved in cancer patients receiving HOO as integrative therapy as compared with those receiving standard treatment only. Conclusions: These results indicate that ozonized oils at high ozonide may represent an innovation in complementary cancer therapy worthy of further clinical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The action mechanism of ozonized vegetable oils on microorganisms is still unknown. According to the oxidant nature of its main components, damages are expected on unsaturated lipids and proteins containing sulfhydryl groups of microorganisms. There is no evidence of effects induced by ozonized vegetable oils on bacterial cell membrane, which is one of the primary attack sites of several antimicrobial agents with a high oxidant power. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of ozonized sunflower oil (OLEOZON®) on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 strain, considering viability, cell membrane permeability and possible ultrastructural changes. At 1, 3, 10, and 30 min of exposition to OLEOZON® a microorganism susceptibility study was done. The content of potassium ions released to media by bacterial cells was employed as a criterion of alteration of the cell membrane permeability. Analysis of transmission electron microscopy to samples exposed to OLEOZON® during 30 min and 24 h were applied to evaluate possible ultrastructural changes. OLEOZON® showed a strong bactericidal effect on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 strain, which was manifested in a reduction of the viability of more than 90 %, since the first minute of exposition. OLEOZON® modified the cell membrane permeability of Staphylococcus aureus strain since a reduction of intracellular potassium content took place after the lost of cell viability. This drug altered Staphylococcus aureus ultrastructure causing a reduction of cytoplasmic content; nevertheless it did not affect the bacterial cell envelope integrity. The intensity of changes in viability, cell permeability and ultrastructure on Staphylococcus aureus increased with the exposure time to OLEOZON®. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Streptococcus mutans is considered the main ethiological agent of buccal caries. The aim of this work was to measure the lethality action of ozonized sunflower oil (OLEOZON®) on this microorganism. The influence of different conditions, like pH, agent concentration and contact time was evaluated. The values of minimum inhibitory concentration (CMI) were determined. The CMI shows similar behaviour among species of the same genus and different results for bacterias from other gender. It was proved that OLEOZON® activity did not vary significantly with the studied variation of pH, although the microorganism number decreases to pH lightly acid the highest decreased of initial microorganism concentration was about 99.9 %. The study of the influence of the different agent concentrations showed a significant effect of OLEOZON® in the microorganism lethality, being 285 mg/mL the most effective studied concentration. A ten-minute exposition time, between the agent and the microorganism, produces a 99.9 % of microorganism lethality; however with only three minutes of exposition time a reduction of 95.5 % of initial microorganism concentration was obtained. An equation which relates the study of three main physico-chemical parameters was obtained. This equation shows the influence of pH, antimicrobiological agent and exposition time upon of the inactivation of the microorganism. These results proved that OLEOZON® is an effective drug to treat Streptococcus mutans infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dermatophytes are classified in three genera, Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton. They have the capacity to invade keratinized tissue to produce a cutaneous infection known as dermatophytoses. This investigation was performed to study the effect of gaseous ozone and ozonized oil on three specific properties of six different dermatophytes. These properties included sporulation, mycelia leakage of sugar and nutrients and the activity of their hydrolytic enzymes. Generally, ozonized oil was found to be more efficacious than gaseous ozone. Microsporum gypseum and Microsporum canis were the most susceptible, while Trichophyton interdigitale and T. mentagrophytes were relatively resistant. The study revealed a steady decline in spore production of M. gypseum and M. canis on application of ozonated oil. An increase in leakage of electrolytes and sugar was noticed after treatment with ozonized oil in the case of M. gypseum, M. canis, T. interdigitale, T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum. The results also revealed loss in urease, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, lipase and keratinase enzyme producing capacity of the investigated fungi., (Copyright © 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)