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Copyright of Polish Journal of Social Rehabilitation / Resocjalizacja Polska is the property of Pedagogium Foundation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Journal of Social Rehabilitation / Resocjalizacja Polska is the property of Pedagogium Foundation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Diametros: An Online Journal of Philosophy is the property of Diametros: An Online Journal of Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Alcoholism & Drug Addiction / Alkoholizm i Narkomania is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Celiakia (choroba trzewna, enteropatia glutenowa) to choroba genetyczna (związana z występowaniem u chorych specyficznego wariantu genów HLA-DQ2 oraz HLA-DQ8) o charakterze autoimmunologicznym. U chorych spożywanie glutenu prowadzi do zaniku kosmków znajdujących się w błonie śluzowej dwunastnicy i jelita cienkiego, co w konsekwencji prowadzi do zaburzeń wchłaniania i innych związanych z tym dolegliwości (utrata masy ciała, anemia, niedobory witamin, osteoporoza). Jest to choroba przewlekła, nieuleczalna i w większości wypadków jedynym lekarstwem jest restrykcyjna dieta polegająca na eliminacji z pożywienia frakcji białek zawartych w takich zbożach jak pszenica (gliadyna), żyto (sekalina), jęczmień (hordeina) i owies (awenina). Celiakia to choroba najczęściej kojarzona z okresem dzieciństwa, jednak coraz częściej rozpoznawana jest w życiu dorosłym. Dieta bezglutenowa, będąca jedynym lekarstwem, wymaga od chorego systematyczności oraz konsekwencji i często wiąże się ze zmianą stylu życia. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie złożoności medycznego podłoża choroby i wynikających z niego implikacji dotyczących reakcji na chorobę, życia i radzenia sobie z nią oraz społecznych i środowiskowych czynników wpływających na poprawę stanu zdrowia chorych na celiakię. Przyjęto bowiem założenie, iż jest to schorzenie wciąż mało rozpoznane w społeczeństwie, a także mało uświadomione w środowisku medycznym (o czym świadczy średni czas diagnozy celiakii). Główna teza artykułu głosi, iż celiakia jest chorobą złożoną, zaś brak klasycznego lekarstwa czyni ją schorzeniem, w którym sukces terapii zależy w ogromnym stopniu od pacjenta, jego wiedzy oraz determinacji w stosowaniu wymagającej diety eliminacyjnej. Z punktu widzenia społeczeństwa niezrozumienie chorego często negatywnie wpływa na jego zachowania w chorobie, co może prowadzić do pogorszenia stanu zdrowia. Pacjenci z celiakią borykają się dodatkowo z ograniczeniami w codziennym funkcjonowaniu – pracy, podróżach czy spotkaniach towarzyskich. Artykuł wpisuje się w ramy rozważań socjomedycznych. W pierwszej części prezentuje perspektywę medyczną dotyczącą istoty choroby, jej typów i odmian oraz diagnostyki. Prezentacja tych aspektów w pierwszej kolejności jest kluczowa dla zrozumienia istoty choroby i trudności w radzeniu sobie z nią oraz schorzeniami współwystępującymi. W drugiej części zaprezentowano – na podstawie wybranych koncepcji socjologii medycyny – chorobę z perspektywy pacjenta – jego reakcji i przyjmowania roli chorego, zachowań w chorobie, zarządzania piętnem z nią związanym, relacji z otoczeniem, a także codziennych problemów wynikających z konieczności stosowania diety eliminacyjnej. Prezentowane rozważania nie wyczerpują złożoności tematu i wieloaspektowości problematyki związanej z życiem oraz funkcjonowaniem pacjentów z celiakią. Wyodrębnione podrozdziały mają na celu ukazanie złożoności poruszanej w artykule problematyki i mogą stać się przyczynkiem do dalszych pogłębionych i szczegółowych analiz. Artykuł opiera się na przeglądzie przedmiotowej literatury polskiej i zagranicznej oraz badań w tym obszarze.

Aim. The aim of the study was to describe the experience of stigma as experienced by individuals accompanying their relatives with schizophrenia in Poland. Method. Four qualitative techniques were triangulated in the study: participant observation, content analysis, expert-interviews, and in-depth interviews. Collected data were analyzed in accordance with M.B. Miles and A.M. Huberman's model. Results. Development of schizophrenia in a family member poses a risk for his/hers family caregivers to enter 'the zone of stigma'. They encounter a discursive invisibility of the mental health problems as well as missing comprehension and empathy. The stereotype-based social grid of convictions about schizophrenia, psychiatry and the lack of social clues of how to proceed, lead to the development of caregivers' sense of constant uncertainty and feeling lost. The common misconceptions about mental disorders create a greater distance and reluctance between caregivers and their distant relatives, neighbours and friends. The prevalence of the disadvantageous discourse on mental illness stimulates the relatives' anticipation of exclusion, evokes shame. Relatives often experience reluctance in their contact with psychiatric staff, ignorance of their needs and as well as professionals' therapeutic pessimism. Such components of 'the zone of stigma' pose a threat to the realization of what is at stake for family caregivers, and give way to their powerlessness. Conclusions. This article presents the results of the first qualitative study on the phenomenon conducted in Poland and characterizes the impact of stigmatizing character of schizophrenia on lives of afflicted individual's family caregivers. In-depth comprehension of the social context of accompanying a relative is crucial for addressing family caregivers' needs in a better way and developing models of cooperation between psychiatric staff and patient's family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Praca jest analizą biografii oraz twórczości Józefa Szermentowskiego pod kątem piętna, jakie odcisnął na nich krajobraz kielecki. Autorka zastanawia się nad samym pojęciem piętna jako niezbywalnego śladu (na ciele, w pamięci, w twórczości artystycznej) oraz nad istotnymi w kontekście omawianej twórczości pojęciami aury i regionalizmu. W tekście przybliżone zostają najważniejsze z perspektywy badaczki aspekty biografii artysty i na ich podstawie przeprowadzona zostaje analiza wybranych, reprezentatywnych dla badanego problemu prac malarskich.

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie ukrytych/niewidocznych niepełnosprawności oraz kwestii tożsamości jednostek posiadających tego typu niepełnosprawność. Autorki wykorzystują koncepcję piętna Ervinga Goffmana (2005) i wskazują na jej użyteczność dla zrozumienia zjawiska zarządzania informacją o sobie oraz zarządzania stygmatyzacją przez osoby z niewidoczną/ukrytą niepełnosprawnością. Akcentują również użyteczność odkrywania piętna w kontekście polityki tożsamości. Wnioski końcowe dotyczą kwestii formułowania polityki tożsamości i jej wpływu na zinstytucjonalizowane działania publiczne.

Copyright of Adeptus is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Slavic Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Avant is the property of Centre for Philosophical Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Etnolingwistyka is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The assessment of subjectively experienced and perceived stigma by people suffering from schizophrenia. Methods: The study included 64 people diagnosed with schizophrenia from the Masovia Province. The study used Angermeyer's Questionnaire. Results: The respondents definitely expect negative social attitudes towards people who are mentally ill. The sense of anticipated stigma among respondents is high in every area (contacts with people, employment, relationships, social perceptions of mentally ill people, structural discrimination). The results show that some respondents experienced both rejection due to illness and also positive acceptance in their immediate environment. Respondents believed that it is better to keep the illness to themselves to avoid being exposed to rejection (72%) and that people respond negatively to people with mental illness (70%). They also believed that the majority of healthy people avoid contact with sick people (70%), and that employers are reluctant to hire them (72%). The majority of respondents believed that other people do not want to have mentally ill partners (77%), 59% of respondents had experienced rejection due to mental illness, 53% had the experience of all social contacts being broken with them for the same reason. In the area of employment, 39% of respondents declared that they had failed to be recruited because of the illness. Conclusions: Respondents definitely expect negative social attitudes in various areas of their lives. Most often they experience stigma in the area of contacts with other people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie stereotypowego wizerunku rodzin rozłącznych przestrzennie w świetle koncepcji piętna i stygmatyzacji. Analiza opiera się na założeniach interakcyjnych teorii, ze szczególnym nawiązaniem do koncepcji piętna Ervinga Goffmana. Wprowadzenie do problematyki społecznych konsekwencji funkcjonowania rodzin transnarodowych stanowi charakterystyka polskich migracji poakcesyjnych podkreślająca aktualność poruszanego zagadnienia. Zwrócono uwagę na problem prawny pojawiający się w związku z migracją zarobkową rodziców i niewywiązywaniem się z obowiązku władzy rodzicielskiej. Artykuł przedstawia również różne ujęcia definicyjne rodziny transnarodowej, która jest alternatywną konstrukcją społeczno-kulturową dla rodziny pełnej. Kluczowym wątek rozważań dotyczy roli ,,społecznej widowni” w wytwarzaniu stygmatu ,,eurosieroctwa”.

Copyright of Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej is the property of Redakcja Przegladu Socjologii Jakosciowej and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

New media is a space in which neuroatipical individuals can exist. They can articulate their subjectivity and construct their identity. The analysis of the webblogs of people who define themselves as Asperger Syndrome diagnosed shows how either individual or collective identity is forming. Bloggers describing their everyday life show their perspective, which is not available to neurotipical (NT) people. Thanks to online memoirs, attempts can be made to reconstruct their identity projects and analysis of adaptation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thesis. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder manifested through two broad areas of positive (hallucinations and delusions) and negative symptoms, which include withdrawal and decreased motivation. The negative symptoms are not as readily perceptible, however, they are significantly detrimental in establishing and maintaining relationships with persons with schizophrenia. Impairments in speech and communication are connected with the positive as well as the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. On the one hand, the lack of motivation to talk, and on the other hand, the disintegration of speech, as well as difficulties in comprehending ambiguities, impede communication with the environment and may lead to stigmatization. Discussed conceptions. The aim of the present paper is to describe those anomalies in schizophrenia which may be misconstrued, and thus lead to social stigma and to define therapeutic goals. Schizophasia (a speech disorder typical for schizophrenics) is characterized by incoherent speech and disintegration on the pragmatic, semantic, and formal grammatical level. Results and conclusion. The aim of the therapist ought to be the planning and conducting of therapy which can help the patient deliver coherent speech, communicate in dialogue, reconstruct proper narration, and overcome the fear of speaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article concerns the question of stigma and the exclusion of individuals by a small community. Three films exemplify this process: Sam Peckinpah's Straw Dogs (1971); Giuseppe Tornatore’s Malena (2000); and Lars von Trier's Dogville (2003). Each of these is a study in atypical stigmatization and exclusion—the situations are atypical because the victims of social aggression are not stigmatized in the classic sense by having an unambiguously negative attribute (for instance, poverty, an addiction, a physical deformity, etc.) but are persons who differ from the group in a positive way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The heritage of Auschwitz from the local perspective of Oświęcim appears differently - personally. It is a stigma the town residents have to face every day when fulfilling their own needs and life aspirations, both in the semantic sense (a stigmatising name) and in the material sense (the remains of the camp in the city space). Comments, opinions and criticism concerning the city's development are received from all over the world. The former camp conservation requirements impose development restrictions for the protection of the place which was created without the participation and consent of the local community. The question asked many times in Oświęcim: "Where does the former camp end and normal life begin?" may be incomprehensible from outside, but is painfully valid here. Highly publicised conflicts, unsolved for years, in which the local heritage becomes meaningless, are caused by the coexistence of the memorial place and urban space. The population of Oświęcim living "in the shadow of Auschwitz" become a social minority for the world, marginalised in the face of the atrocities of the genocide committed here. On the other hand - the moral dimension of Auschwitz either paralyses local initiatives or supports extreme attitudes. The worldwide debate about Auschwitz lacks the local perspective, whereas the local community lacks the historiosophical view and the understanding that today you can reach Oświęcim only through Auschwitz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Socjologiczne is the property of Studia Socjologiczne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą analizy sposobu, w jaki rozmówczynie, kobiety świadczące usługi seksualne, zarządzały swoim piętnem oraz negocjowały swoją tożsamość w interakcjach z badaczem podczas wywiadów i obserwacji. Analizowane zagadnienie związane było z realizacją projektu badawczego dotyczącego sytuacji pracy kobiet w agencjach towarzyskich. W badaniach wykorzystano techniki jakościowe, zaś analiza danych została przeprowadzona zgodnie procedurami metodologii teorii ugruntowanej. Inspiracją teoretyczną dla prezentowanych w artykule rozważań był symboliczny interakcjonizm.

The paper offers an analysis of the cultural meanings of the bodily attributes and practices related to virginity and defloration; the most important are " bloodstains" (a sign of the loss of virginity) and "penetration" (regarded as the only "true" form of sexual intercourse). The obligation to present the defl oration and the shame that accompanies it are the vantage point to the analysis of the forms of stigmatising femininity. A deconstruction of the meanings acquired by penetration led me to a conclusion that the cause-effect relation between gender and culturally defined sexual practices (including sexual orientation) is not only inseparable, but also different than it has usually been thought. It is not the gender that determines an individual's sexuality, but the culturally imposed sexual practices build the gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides a multifaceted analysis of the Keret House as an artistic installation and a cultural event. The construction is placed in the analytical context of Jeremy Bentham's panopticon, Le Corbusier's machine for living, Krzysztof Wodiczko's Pojazd dla bezdomnych (Vehicle for the Homeless), Big Brother and XTube. Other interpretative contexts are: the history of the Warsaw ghetto, the Aktion Reinhardt as well as the ensemble of issues connected with the third phase of the Holocaust (i.e. "the margins of the Holocaust"): the history of Jewish hideouts, the hunt for the Jews (Judenjagd), the plunder of Jewish mobile and immobile property, the Polish part of the biography of Etgar Keret's parents. From such a perspective, the Keret House takes the form of a macabre historical re-enactment. The analytical framework comprises Erving Goffman's stigma theory as well as the history of the attitude of the Polish majority towards the Jewish minority. With increasing frequency, anti-Semitic symbolic violence assumes the form of philosemitic symbolic violence. The poetics of gift and the category of "a Jewish writer with a sense of humour" function as an instrument of blackmail that place the individual subjected to it in a situation with no way-out. In Polish majority culture, the image of Jews as guests, which corresponds to the representation of Poland as home and Poles as hospitable hosts, heirs of the myth of King Casimir the Great, plays the same role. The Keret House proves to be a machine for the reproduction of the Polish majority narrative about the majority attitude of Poles towards Jews, also during the Holocaust. What is at stake within this narrative is the image of Poland and the Poles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Physiotherapy / Fizjoterapia is the property of Physiotherapy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)