189 results on '"Shi, Xing"'
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2. Understanding 2D Semiconductor Edges by Combining Local and Nonlocal Effects: The Case of MoSi2N4.
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Zhang, Yuejiao, Gao, Yumeng, Ren, Yinti, Jin, Chendong, Zhang, Hu, Lian, Ruqian, Gong, Penglai, Wang, Rui-Ning, Wang, Jiang-Long, and Shi, Xing-Qiang
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- 2024
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3. Understanding 2D Semiconductor Edges by Combining Local and Nonlocal Effects: The Case of MoSi2N4
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Zhang, Yuejiao, Gao, Yumeng, Ren, Yinti, Jin, Chendong, Zhang, Hu, Lian, Ruqian, Gong, Penglai, Wang, Rui-Ning, Wang, Jiang-Long, and Shi, Xing-Qiang
- Abstract
Similar to surfaces of three-dimensional (3D) bulk materials, edges are inevitable in 2D materials and have been studied a lot (e.g., for MoS2). In the current work, taking the ambient-stable MoSi2N4as an example, nonpolar and polar edges as well as polar-edge reconstructions are studied based on first-principles calculations. We demonstrate that a combination of the “local” electron counting model (ECM) at edges and “nonlocal” charge polarity analysis (CPA) across the ribbon is essential for a unified understanding of the “local” edge properties and edge reconstructions in the following aspects. For pristine edges, the semiconducting (metallic) property of nonpolar armchair (polar zigzag) edges is related to CPA, and the spin-paired (spin-polarized) electronic structure of nonpolar (polar) edges is related to the ECM. For polar-edge reconstructions: (1) the polar edges become semiconducting when the reversed dipole from edge-reconstruction partially cancels the accumulated electric dipole within the ribbon; (2) the polar edges can further be spin-paired when edge-reconstruction fulfills the ECM for both the double cation (Mo, Si)-edge and the anion N-edge; and (3) ECM and CPA give the same conclusion for edge-reconstruction. Our analysis of combining ECM and CPA not only gives the general guidance for obtaining spin-paired and semiconducting polar edges but also potentially helps deepen the understanding of edges of other 2D layered materials.
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- 2024
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4. Active Rehabilitation Gloves Based on Brain-Computer Interfaces and Deep Learning
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Zhu, Jia Hua, Shi, Xing Zhao, Cheng, Xing Yue, Yang, Qi Rui, and Xiao, Ruo Xiu
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Cerebral stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of death and disability in the world, and more than half of these patients have hand dysfunction, making hand rehabilitation an urgent challenge. In this study, a system for hand rehabilitation therapy for stroke patients was designed using novel human-computer interaction technology. The system combines a brain-computer interface, a deep learning algorithm and a rehabilitation glove, and designs an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal acquisition card and a rehabilitation glove to realise the application of motor imagery therapy to the active rehabilitation of patients' hands. On the brain-computer interface-based motor imagery experiments, the Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network algorithm designed in this study achieves an average accuracy of 95.78% for the classification accuracy of mental tasks in seven motor imagery modes, which is important for the active rehabilitation of patients with hand function based on motor imagery-driven rehabilitation.
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- 2023
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5. Revisiting the boundary between the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and North China Craton in Alxa area, China: Insights from zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes of Phanerozoic granitoids.
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Zhang, Lei, Wang, Tao, Zhang, Jian-jun, Shi, Xing-jun, Ren, Hai-dong, Yang, Qi-di, Tong, Ying, and Guo, Lei
- Abstract
[Display omitted] • Phanerozoic granitoids are used to constrain the north boundary of the Alxa Block. • The granitoids show juvenile and ancient source provinces with contrasting isotopes. • Tectonic belts with juvenile crust (T DM
2 < 1.30 Ga) could be parts of CAOB. • Tectonic belts dominated by ancient crust (T DM2 > 1.30 Ga) belong to the Alxa Block. The Alxa Block, located in the southern Alxa area of Inner Mongolia, is generally accepted as the westernmost part of the North China Craton (NCC), but there is still a controversy over the boundary between the southern CAOB and the Alxa Block. Currently, either the Enger Us ophiolite belt or Quagan Qulu ophiolite belt in the mid-eastern Alxa area is a candidate for the NCC-CAOB boundary, and the extension of the two ophiolite belts in the western Alxa area is ambiguous. In this study, we present a compilation of newly obtained and published zircon U-Pb age and Hf isotopic data from the Ordovician-Triassic granitoids in the Alxa area and discuss the implications of two contrasting isotope provinces for the NCC-CAOB boundary. Specifically, the granitoids in the Zongnaishan-Shalazhashan belt between the two ophiolite belts and the North Beidashan belt in the western Alxa area share similar emplacement ages (Carboniferous to Triassic) and juvenile zircon Hf isotopic compositions (two-stage mode ages < 1.30 Ga), and both Carboniferous to Permian granitoids in the Yabulai-Honggueryulin belt to the south of Quagan Qulu ophiolite belt and Ordovician to Devonian granitoids in the South Beidashan belt of the western Alxa area are characterized by similar ancient zircon Hf isotopic features (two-stage mode ages > 1.30 Ga), but most Late Carboniferous to Permian granitoids in the South Beidashan belt are characterized by juvenile zircon Hf isotopes. The two contrasting isotope provinces (juvenile in the north and generally ancient in the south) for the Phanerozoic granitoids could not result from differential denudation, but drastic differences in compositions of deep crusts. The Yabulai-Honggueryulin and South Beidashan belts with ancient crust sources are parts of the Alxa Block, whereas the Zongnaishan-Shalazhashan and North Beidashan belts with juvenile crust sources could be parts of CAOB, and thus the boundary between the CAOB and the Alxa Block is inferred located in between. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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6. Structure-Based Design of 4‑Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Inhibitor as a Potential Herbicide for Cotton Fields.
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Nan, Jia-Xu, Dong, Jin, Cao, Jun-Qiao, Huang, Guang-Yi, Shi, Xing-Xing, Wei, Xue-Fang, Chen, Qiong, Lin, Hong-Yan, and Yang, Guang-Fu
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- 2023
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7. DPP4-Truncated CXCL12 Alters CXCR4/ACKR3 Signaling, Osteogenic Cell Differentiation, Migration, and Senescence.
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Elmansi, Ahmed M., Eisa, Nada H., Periyasamy-Thandavan, Sudharsan, Kondrikova, Galina, Kondrikov, Dmitry, Calkins, Maggie M., Aguilar-Pérez, Alexandra, Chen, Jie, Johnson, Maribeth, Shi, Xing-ming, Reitman, Charles, McGee-Lawrence, Meghan E., Crawford, Kyler S., Dwinell, Michael B., Volkman, Brian F., Blumer, Joe B., Luttrell, Louis M., McCorvy, John D., and Hill, William D.
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- 2023
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8. Sinudenoids A–E, C19-Norcembranoid Diterpenes with Unusual Scaffolds from the Soft Coral Sinularia densa.
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Wang, Ci-Li, Jin, Tian-Yun, Liu, Xue-Huan, Zhang, Jia-Rui, Shi, Xing, Wang, Meng-Fei, Huang, RunFeng, Zhang, Yun, Liu, Ke-Chun, and Li, Guo-Qiang
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- 2022
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9. Structure-Based Design of 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Inhibitor as a Potential Herbicide for Cotton Fields
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Nan, Jia-Xu, Dong, Jin, Cao, Jun-Qiao, Huang, Guang-Yi, Shi, Xing-Xing, Wei, Xue-Fang, Chen, Qiong, Lin, Hong-Yan, and Yang, Guang-Fu
- Abstract
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD, EC 1.13.11.27) is one of the most promising herbicide targets for the development of agricultural chemicals owing to its unique mechanism of action in plants. We previously reported on the co-crystal structure of Arabidopsis thaliana(At) HPPD complexed with methylbenquitrione (MBQ), an inhibitor of HPPD that we previously discovered. Based on this crystal structure, and in an attempt to discover even more effective HPPD-inhibiting herbicides, we designed a family of triketone-quinazoline-2,4-dione derivatives featuring a phenylalkyl group through increasing the interaction between the substituent at the R1position and the amino acid residues at the active site entrance of AtHPPD. Among the derivatives, 6-(2-hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl)-1,5-dimethyl-3-(1-phenylethyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (23) was identified as a promising compound. The co-crystal structure of compound 23with AtHPPD revealed that hydrophobic interactions with Phe392 and Met335, and effective blocking of the conformational deflection of Gln293, as compared with that of the lead compound MBQ, afforded a molecular basis for structural modification. 3-(1-(3-Fluorophenyl)ethyl)-6-(2-hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl)-1,5-dimethylquinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (31) was confirmed to be the best subnanomolar-range AtHPPD inhibitor (IC50= 39 nM), making it approximately seven times more potent than MBQ. In addition, the greenhouse experiment showed favorable herbicidal potency for compound 23with a broad spectrum and acceptable crop selectivity against cotton at the dosage of 30–120 g ai/ha. Thus, compound 23possessed a promising prospect as a novel HPPD-inhibiting herbicide candidate for cotton fields.
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- 2023
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10. N4-acetylcytidine modification of lncRNA CTC-490G23.2 promotes cancer metastasis through interacting with PTBP1 to increase CD44 alternative splicing
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Yu, Xiao-Mei, Li, Shu-Jun, Yao, Zi-Ting, Xu, Jiao-Jiao, Zheng, Can-Can, Liu, Zhi-Chao, Ding, Peng-Bo, Jiang, Zhi-Li, Wei, Xian, Zhao, Lin-Ping, Shi, Xing-Yuan, Li, Zhi-Gang, Xu, Wen Wen, and Li, Bin
- Abstract
Although N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification affects the stability and translation of mRNA, it is unknown whether it exists in noncoding RNAs, and its biological function is unclear. Here, nucleotide-resolution method for profiling CTC-490G23.2 ac4C sites and gain- and loss-of-function experiments revealed that N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) is responsible for ac4C modification of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). NAT10-mediated ac4C modification leads to the stabilization and overexpression of lncRNA CTC-490G23.2 in primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its further upregulation in metastatic tissues. CTC-490G23.2 significantly promotes cancer invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CTC-490G23.2 acts as a scaffold to increase the binding of CD44 pre-mRNA to polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1), resulting in a oncogenic splicing switch from the standard isoform CD44s to the variant isoform CD44v(8-10). CD44v(8-10), but not CD44s, binds to and increases the protein stability of vimentin. Expression levels of CTC-490G23.2 and CD44v(8-10) can predict poor prognosis in cancer patients. Furthermore, the antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)/SV40-LAH4-L1 peptide self-assembled nanocomplexes targeting CTC490G23.2 exerts a significantly suppressive effect on cancer metastasis. The outcome of this study will provide new mechanistic insight into the ac4C modification of lncRNAs and useful clues for the development of novel systemic therapies and prognostic biomarkers.
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- 2023
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11. Sinudenoids A–E, C19-Norcembranoid Diterpenes with Unusual Scaffolds from the Soft Coral Sinularia densa
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Wang, Ci-Li, Jin, Tian-Yun, Liu, Xue-Huan, Zhang, Jia-Rui, Shi, Xing, Wang, Meng-Fei, Huang, RunFeng, Zhang, Yun, Liu, Ke-Chun, and Li, Guo-Qiang
- Abstract
Five new furanobutenolide-derived C19-norcembranoid diterpenes, sinudenoids A–E (1–5, respectively), were isolated from the soft coral Sinularia densa. Sinudenoid A (1) possesses an uncommon 5/5/11-fused tricyclic ring system. Sinudenoids B–D (2–4, respectively) share the same tetracyclic 5/5/6/6 ring system but represent two kinds of new skeletons. Sinudenoid E (5) is the second compound with the rare 8/8 bicyclic carbon core. A plausible biosynthesis pathway for compounds 1–6is proposed. Compound 5exhibits strong anti-inflammatory activity in the zebrafish model.
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- 2022
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12. A systematic review of urban form generation and optimization for performance-driven urban design.
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Zhang, Xinkai, Wang, Xiaoyu, Du, Sihong, Tian, Shuai, Jia, Ariel, Ye, Yu, Gao, Naiping, Kuang, Xiaoming, and Shi, Xing
- Abstract
To address the increased energy demands and carbon emissions caused by global urbanization, it is imperative to seek high-performance urban design solutions. Urban form generation and optimization (UFGO) is a powerful way of supporting performance-driven urban design by strategically searching for a possible design space to approach optimal solutions. Relevant areas of urban form generative design, urban energy and environment simulation, and urban form optimization have been widely studied. However, UFGO, which integrates these parts into an effective workflow, is still an emerging and meaningful research field lacking a systematic review. We examined studies that utilized UFGO techniques for urban design at different scales and outlined the general workflow. An overview of the available methods and tools, as well as their basic principles for each step, namely, urban form generation, performance simulation, and optimization, is provided. The reader will be well versed in the key problems and technical paths of UFGO. According to the review, UFGO is technically feasible; nevertheless, existing limitations necessitate further exploration. Future studies should focus on developing user-friendly UFGO software packages for urban designers, systematic and flexible generative design methods, and efficient data-driven models for urban performance evaluation. In addition, an evaluation system for UFGO techniques is also required to facilitate comparative studies and the widespread application of UFGO techniques. • Studies that applied or discussed UFGO techniques integrally are reviewed. • A typical UFGO workflow, as well as methods and tools for each step are summarized. • The efficiency and accuracy of urban performance simulation methods are discussed. • Current technical paths and key issues for performance-driven UFGO are summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. Pylephlebitis combined with septic shock secondary to acute nonperforated appendicitis: a case report
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Wu, Shi-Xing, Su, Hong-De, and Xu, Xin-Jian
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Pylephlebitis, which is a type of septic thrombophlebitis of the portal vein, is a rare and life-threatening complication that commonly occurs following appendicitis. However, nonspecific abdominal complaints and fever can impede the diagnosis of pylephlebitis. Timely use of appropriate antibiotics and anticoagulants is paramount for treating this condition. We present a case of pylephlebitis and septic shock caused by acute nonperforated appendicitis. A 32-year-old man presented with migratory right lower abdominal pain. Blood cultures showed the presence of Escherichia coli. Blood test results showed increased bilirubin concentrations and coagulation factor abnormalities. A computed tomographic abdominal scan showed that the portal vein had a widened intrinsic diameter. After intensive care treatment with antibiotics, antishock therapy, anticoagulants, and other supportive treatments, the infection was monitored, the abdominal pain disappeared, and the jaundice subsided. Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed. Histopathology showed acute suppurative appendicitis, and no abnormalities were observed during the follow-up period after discharge. A multidisciplinary approach is mandatory for the decision-making process in the presence of pylephlebitis caused by appendicitis to obtain a correct diagnosis and prompt treatment. Similarly, the timing of appendectomy is important for minimizing intra- and postoperative complications.
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- 2024
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14. Effects of dietary L-tryptophan supplementation on agonistic behavior, feeding behavior, growth performance, and nutritional composition of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)
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Pang, Yang-Yang, Zhang, Jun-Yan, Chen, Qing, Niu, Chao, Shi, Ao-Ya, Zhang, Dong-Xin, Ma, Xue-Li, Zhang, Ying, Song, Ya-Meng, Hou, Meng-Na, Shi, Xing-Liang, Yang, Xiao-Zhen, and Cheng, Yong-Xu
- Abstract
In the pond culture of Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis), high stocking densities usually increase the frequency of agonistic behavior, which can directly impact crab integrity, survival, and growth and result in economic losses. We hoped to reduce agonistic behavior by adding additives to feed. In this study, we first observed the agonistic behavior of E. sinensisin 5 molting periods (from first molting to puberty molting) during the adult grow-out stage. Then, we assessed the effects of L-TRP as a feed additive on the agonistic behavior of juvenile, precocious, subadult, and adult crabs. Finally, we performed 106 days of cage culture to assess the effects of L-TRP on feeding behavior, animal vitality, growth performance, and nutritional composition. The results showed that the intensity of agonistic behavior was significantly higher after puberty molting than in other molting periods during the adult grow-out stage. Moreover, L-TRP supplementation inhibited the agonistic behavior of juvenile, subadult, and adult crabs, but it did not affect the precocious crabs. During cage culture, L-TRP significantly improved crab vitality after 3 weeks but not after 6 and 9 weeks, but it reduced the ingestion rate after 9 weeks. Moreover, the L-TRP group showed a significant increase in the weight gain rate and specific growth rate after the fourth molting. After 106 days of culture, the content of proline and fatty acids in the muscle decreased significantly after L-TRP diet supplementation. Some long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids also decreased significantly in the hepatopancreas. However, we must focus on the adverse effects of L-TRP on Pro and fatty acid composition. Further research is required on the balance between inhibition of agonistic behavior and effects of L-TRP on the nutritional quality of E. sinensis.
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- 2024
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15. Analyzing the impact of various factors on leaf surface temperature based on a new tree-scale canopy energy balance model.
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Li, Ruibin, Zeng, Fanxing, Zhao, Yi, Wu, Yan, Niu, Jianlei, (Leon) Wang, Liangzhu, Gao, Naiping, Zhou, Haizhu, Shi, Xing, and Huang, Zishuo
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LEAF temperature ,SURFACE temperature ,LATENT heat ,TREE height ,VAPOR pressure ,SOLAR radiation - Abstract
• A new CEB model related to tree canopy height was developed and validated. • This study provides a simple method for calculating leaf surface temperature (LST). • Analyzed the regulatory mechanisms of different factors on LST and CEB. • Provided a theoretical basis for simulating the impact of trees on microclimates. Trees are one of the effective ways to regulate the microclimate, while the environmental parameters influence their transpiration rate. These complex processes manifest at the macro scale through leaf surface temperature (LST). Therefore, the key to studying the influence of trees on the microclimate is to calculate the LST. In this paper, we propose a new tree-scale canopy energy balance (CEB) model related to tree canopy height based on the big-leaf model to calculate the LST and analyze the influence of various factors on both LST and each sub-term of CEB. The results indicate that air temperature and solar radiation have a greater effect on LST than relative humidity on it. When the total solar radiation flux remains constant, air parameters primarily affect the latent heat flux of trees through the vapor pressure deficit between leaves and the air. The transpiration rate of trees is influenced not only by air parameters, but also by stomatal resistance. Solar radiation can directly determine the magnitude of the net radiation flux in the CEB, while its influence on latent heat flux is insignificant. Under high solar radiation flux conditions, an increase in wind speed can mitigate the rise of LST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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16. Impact of urban wind environment on urban building energy: A review of mechanisms and modeling.
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Jie, Pengyu, Su, Meifang, Gao, Naiping, Ye, Yu, Kuang, Xiaoming, Chen, Jun, Li, Peixian, Grunewald, John, Xie, Xiaoping, and Shi, Xing
- Abstract
In the context of global warming, improving energy-use efficiency is an important research topic in the fields of green buildings and eco-cities. There is an indivisible coupling relationship between the urban climate and urban building energy (UBE). Urban wind environments (UWE), including urban thermal and humid environment, is widely believed to have a significant impact on building energy consumption as a key microclimate element. However, despite decades of development of the UWE calculation module in numerical simulation tools, there is still a lack of reviews on the UWE impact mechanism on UBE. In this paper, the mechanisms of UWE influence on building energy consumption, building-scale simulation tools, and city-scale simulation tools, as well as the coupling and validation methods of these tools in the past decades are reviewed. Therefore, this study can provide the necessary foundation and general workflow for building physicists and urban climatologists to simulate and analyze the impact of UWE on UBE. The problem with the current building energy model and urban building energy modelling is that the UWE is not considered comprehensively, and CFD and other methods are used to obtain accurate results. The future challenge is to improve the accuracy of the energy consumption calculation from the perspective of UWE impact, optimize the calculation module, obtain a balance between calculation speed and accuracy, and propose validation and calibration guidelines focused on UWE impact on UBE. • This review summarizes the mechanisms and basic theoretical models of UWE impact on UBE. • A general workflow for quantifying the impact of UWE on UBE is given based on UWE characteristics. • An analysis of UWE in simulation methods and numerical simulation tools is given. • Proposes a general framework for validating and calibrating the impact of UWE on UBE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. Tailoring microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of a high-performance alloy steel through controlled thermal cycles of a direct laser depositing process
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Dong, Shi-yun, Zhao, Xuan, Yan, Shi-xing, Lü, Yao-hui, Liu, Xiao-ting, Liu, Yu-xin, He, Peng, and Xu, Bin-shi
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Direct laser deposition (DLD), as a popular metal additive manufacturing process, shows advantages of technical flexibility and high efficiency to gain a high-performance alloy steel component. However, during the processing of DLD, the deposited steel layer is affected by the subsequent layer depositing. The DLD block shows different microstructure and mechanical properties at the bottom, middle and top of the deposited parts. To date, there are few research works about the effects of inter-layer interval time and laser power on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the deposited layers. In this study, the idle time and laser power layer by layer during DLD of 12CrNi2 steel were controlled to cause the deposited layers to maintain a high cooling rate, while the bottom deposited layer was subjected to a weak tempering effect. Results show that a high proportion of martensite is produced, which improves the strength of the deposited layer. Under the laser scanning strategy of laser power 2,500 W, scanning velocity 5 mm·s−1, powder feeding rate 11 g·min−1, overlap rate 50%, and a laser power difference of 50 W and a 2 min interval, the tensile strength of the deposited layer of 12CrNi2 steel is in the range of 873–1,022 MPa, and the elongation is in the range of 16.2%–18.9%. This study provides a method to reduce the tempering effect of the subsequent deposition layers on the bottom layers, which can increase the proportion of martensite in the low-alloy high-strength steel, so as to improve the yield strength of the alloy steel.
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- 2021
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18. Plasma miR‐409‐3p promotes acute cerebral infarction via suppressing CTRP3
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Song, Xian‐Dong, Li, Shi‐Xing, and Zhu, Min
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Abnormal expression of miR‐409‐3p has been found in several neurodevelopmental disorders, but whether it is dysregulated in the patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) has not been evaluated. The current study mainly focused on the clinical significance and the underlying mechanism of plasma miR‐409‐3p in the progression of ACI. The level of plasma miR‐409‐3p was determined in ACI patients (n = 80) and healthy controls (n = 30). Pearson correlation assay was performed to evaluate the association and cardiovascular risk factors. A receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of plasma miR‐409‐3p levels in patients with ACI. Dual luciferase reporter assay and western blot were performed to determine the possible target gene of miR‐409‐3p. Our data showed that the expression of plasma miR‐409‐3p in the ACI group was higher than that in the healthy controls. Furthermore, Pearson correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between plasma miR‐409‐3p and the NIHSS score. ROC analysis indicated that plasma miR‐409‐3p could differentiate plasma miR‐409‐3p in ACI patients from healthy controls. Then, we explored the possible target genes of miR‐409‐3p. Interestingly, C1q and TNF‐related 3 (CTRP3), a novel adipose tissue‐derived secreted factor, was found to be a target gene of miR‐409‐3p. We found that knockdown of CTRP3 significantly induced PC12 cell apoptosis, even in PC12 cells transfected with miR‐409‐3p inhibitor. These data suggested that miR‐409‐3p induced PC12 cell apoptosis by targeting CTRP3. Altogether, elevated plasma miR‐409‐3p is correlated with disease severity and may be efficient for the early diagnosis of ACI.
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- 2021
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19. Introducing a Toxicological Perspective to View Chemicals: A Web-Based Class for Educating Green Molecular Design
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Shi, Xing-Xing, Li, Jing-Yi, Wang, Fan, Chen, Qiong, Wang, Yu-Liang, Hao, Ge-Fei, and Yang, Guang-Fu
- Abstract
Designing safer chemicals is an integral part of green chemistry that supports good health and well-being. The teaching of molecule design through relevant courses has important implications for the education of sustainable chemists. In these courses, training in toxicology and hazard assessment is essential for students to study benign chemical design that promotes social and environmental justices. However, toxicology training has been rarely included in the course of molecular design, and education of green molecular design at the postgraduate level has been less involved. In this study, we developed an online classroom for toxicology training as a new component of our chemical molecular design course. This class was designed to provide students with a toxicity perspective for viewing chemicals by integrating our three web-based tools. The average score of students’ attitude evaluation toward the web-based class was 4.0/5.0, indicating that the toxicology class achieved the expected effects and provided a good experience for students to learn about designing safer chemicals. This work may facilitate the education of green molecular design and inspire students to seriously consider chemically toxic side effects.
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- 2024
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20. Four new diterpenoid alkaloids with antitumor effect from Aconitum nagarumvar. heterotrichum
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Zhao, Da-Ke, Shi, Xing-Qiao, Zhang, Li-Mei, Yang, Dong-Qiong, Guo, Hua-Chun, Chen, Yan-Ping, and Shen, Yong
- Abstract
Four new diterpenoid alkaloids, nagaconitines A-D (1–4), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum nagarumvar. heterotrichum, one tranditional Chinese medicinal plan.
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- 2024
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21. Polarity and Spin–Orbit Coupling Induced Strong Interfacial Exchange Coupling: An Asymmetric Charge Transfer in Iridate–Manganite Heterostructure.
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Yu, Tao, Deng, Bei, Zhou, Liang, Chen, Pingbo, Liu, Qiying, Wang, Cailin, Ning, Xingkun, Zhou, Jingtian, Bian, Zhiping, Luo, Zhenlin, Qiu, Chunyin, Shi, Xing-Qiang, and He, Hongtao
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- 2019
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22. A novel approach to examining the optimal use of the cooling effect of water bodies in urban planning.
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Kang, Zehongyu, Liu, Hua, Lu, Yuxin, Yang, Xinyu, Zhou, Xin, An, Jingjing, Yan, Da, Jin, Xing, and Shi, Xing
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WATERFRONTS ,URBAN planning ,MUNICIPAL water supply ,CONSTRUCTION planning ,URBAN heat islands ,MACHINE learning - Abstract
As the main source of cooling in a city, water bodies play an important role in regulating the natural environment. However, there is a lack of analysis regarding the most effective methods for enhancing the cooling effect of different types of water bodies, as well as classifying the cooling effects based on parameters that affect the cooling effect. This hinders targeted optimization in urban construction. To address this gap, this study used remote-sensing data to develop a novel approach for classifying water bodies according to their actual cooling effect, and establishing a cooling effect prediction model for water bodies based on parameters that affect the cooling effect using machine learning methods. First, the cooling effect of 35 water samples from downtown Nanjing were classified by utilizing the data-mining method. Then the traditional method of classifying water bodies directly from parameters that affect the cooling effect and the classification prediction model established in this study were used to classify water bodies, respectively. It was found that the proposed classification prediction model constructed by combining unsupervised and supervised learning accurately and effectively determined the cooling effect classification of water bodies. Compared with the traditional classification method, the accuracy of the cooling effect classification by the novel approach can be improved by 1.46 times. Additionally, the study examined the correlation factors affecting the cooling effect of each class of water body and identified the most effective measures for improving the cooling effect of each class. It is noteworthy that for different classes, the most effective measures to exert the cooling effect are different. Starting from the parameters that affect the cooling effect of water bodies, this study offers targeted measures for respective water bodies to optimize their cooling density, range, and efficiency. This research provides a basis for using the cooling effect of water bodies more effectively and guiding urban planning and the construction of waterfronts. • A novel approach to examining the optimal use of the cooling effect of water bodies. • Water classification prediction model from physical properties to cooling effect. • Optimal parameters affecting cooling effect of each type of water body. • Guide the urban planning and construction of waterfront. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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23. Corrigendum to "The impact of urban vegetation morphology on urban building energy consumption during summer and winter seasons in Nanjing, China" [Landscape and Urban Planning 228 (2022) 104576].
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Zhu, Sijie, Li, Yanxia, Wei, Shen, Wang, Chao, Zhang, Xinkai, Jin, Xing, Zhou, Xin, and Shi, Xing
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ENERGY consumption of buildings ,URBAN plants ,URBAN morphology ,SUMMER ,URBAN planning - Published
- 2023
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24. Optimization of microwave heating thickness for spent automobile catalyst
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HE, Guang-jun, LIU, Peng, QU, Wen-wen, WANG, Shi-xing, and ZHANG, Li-bo
- Abstract
A new method was developed to optimize the microwave heating thickness of the spent automobile catalyst in order to improve the uniform distribution of the temperature field. The average penetration depth and the microwave heating thickness of the spent automobile catalyst were calculated by Gauss model and numerical calculation based on dielectric loss tangent and reflection loss. The results showed that the spent automobile catalyst was a medium loss material. The average penetration depth was 1.11 m from room temperature to 800 °C. The optimum microwave heating thickness of the spent automobile catalyst was about 0.83 m or 0.75 times of the average penetration depth. Industrial application analysis indicated that the optimization of heating thickness could improve the uniform distribution of the temperature field and reduce energy consumption.
- Published
- 2020
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25. Development of a Web-Based Laboratory Class to Reduce the Challenges in Teaching Fragment-Based Drug Design
- Author
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Shi, Xing-Xing, Li, Jing-Yi, Chen, Qiong, Zhu, Xiao-Lei, Hao, Ge-Fei, and Yang, Guang-Fu
- Abstract
Fragment-based drug design (FBDD) is a promising methodology to find quality drug leads. It is important in the curriculum of a drug design course due to its impact on drug discovery. However, teaching FBDD and its use by students remain challenging in most cases. A web-based laboratory class to teach FBDD in the form of our copyrighted workshops is described. The students’ feedback and a quantitative evaluation of the results show that the web-based laboratory class is popular with students and facilitates students’ learning of FBDD for design of possible drug-like molecules.
- Published
- 2020
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26. The bacterial RNA ligase RtcB accelerates the repair process of fragmented rRNA upon releasing the antibiotic stress
- Author
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Manwar, Muhammad Ramzan, Shao, Changjun, Shi, Xing, Wang, Jian, Lin, Qiang, Tong, Yigang, Kang, Yu, and Yu, Jun
- Abstract
RtcB, a highly conserved RNA ligase, is found in all three domains of life, and demonstrated to be an essential tRNA splicing component in archaea and metazoans. However, the biological functions of RtcB in bacteria, where there is no splicing, remains to be clarified. We first performed bioinformatics analysis which revealed highly conserved structures and presumably conserved functions of RtcB in bacteria. However, its orthologs only occur in ∼ 0.5% of bacterial species across diverse phyla with significant signals of frequent horizontal transfer, highlighting its non-essential role in bacteria. Next, by constructing an rtcB-knockout strain, we find that the removal of antibiotic stress induces a significant impact on rtcBexpression in wild-type strain, and furthermore the depletion of RtcB (ARtcB strain) delays the recovery process. Our transcriptomic analysis, comprising the 3′-end labeling of RNAs, highlights a significant increase in unmapped reads and cleaved rRNAs in the Δ RtcB strain, particularly during recovery. Our observations suggest that the conserved RNA ligase RtcB, repairs damaged rRNAs following stress, which potentially saves energy and accelerates recovery of its host. We propose that acquisition of RtcB by diverse bacterial taxa provides a competitive advantage under stressful conditions.
- Published
- 2020
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27. Meta-analysis Reveals Potential Influence of Oxidative Stress on the Airway Microbiomes of Cystic Fibrosis Patients
- Author
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Shi, Xing, Gao, Zhancheng, Lin, Qiang, Zhao, Liping, Ma, Qin, Kang, Yu, and Yu, Jun
- Abstract
The lethal chronic airway infection of the cystic fibrosis(CF) patients is predisposed by colonization of specific CF-philic pathogens or the CF microbiomes, but key processes and reasons of the microbiome settlement in the patients are yet to be fully understood, especially their survival and metabolic dynamics from normal to diseased status under treatment. Here, we report our meta-analysisresults on CF airway microbiomesbased on metabolic networks reconstructed from genome information at species level. The microbiomes of CF patients appear to engage much more redox-related activities than those of controls, and by constructing a large dataset of anti-oxidative stress (anti-OS) genes, our quantitative evaluation of the anti-OS capacity of each bacterial species in the CF microbiomes confirms strong conservation of the anti-OS responses within genera and also shows that the CF pathogens have significantly higher anti-OS capacity than commensals and other typical respiratory pathogens. In addition, the anti-OS capacity of a relevant species correlates with its relative fitness for the airways of CF patients over that for the airways of controls. Moreover, the total anti-OS capacity of the respiratory microbiome of CF patients is collectively higher than that of controls, which increases with disease progression, especially after episodes of acute exacerbation and antibiotic treatment. According to these results, we propose that the increased OS in the airways of CF patients may play an important role in reshaping airway microbiomes to a more resistant status that favors the pre-infection colonization of the CF pathogens for a higher anti-OS capacity.
- Published
- 2019
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28. Polarity and Spin–Orbit Coupling Induced Strong Interfacial Exchange Coupling: An Asymmetric Charge Transfer in Iridate–Manganite Heterostructure
- Author
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Yu, Tao, Deng, Bei, Zhou, Liang, Chen, Pingbo, Liu, Qiying, Wang, Cailin, Ning, Xingkun, Zhou, Jingtian, Bian, Zhiping, Luo, Zhenlin, Qiu, Chunyin, Shi, Xing-Qiang, and He, Hongtao
- Abstract
Charge transfer is of particular importance in manipulating the interface physics in transition-metal oxide heterostructures. In this work, we have fabricated epitaxial bilayers composed of polar 3d LaMnO3and nonpolar 5d SrIrO3. Systematic magnetic measurements reveal an unexpectedly large exchange bias effect in the bilayer, together with a dramatic enhancement of the coercivity of LaMnO3. Based on first-principle calculations and X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements, such a strong interfacial magnetic coupling is found closely associated with the polar nature of LaMnO3and the strong spin–orbit interaction in SrIrO3, which collectively drive an asymmetric interfacial charge transfer and lead to the emergence of an interfacial reentrant spin/superspin glass state. Our study provides a new insight into the charge transfer in transition-metal oxide heterostructures and offers a novel means to tune the interfacial exchange coupling for a variety of device applications.
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- 2019
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29. Mixed Layered Growth of Fullerene C60 Self-Assembly on an Oxygen-Passivated Fe(001)‑p(1 × 1)O Surface.
- Author
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Hu, Liang, Pang, Rui, Gong, Peng-lai, and Shi, Xing-Qiang
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Carbonized MoS2: Super-Active Co-Catalyst for Highly Efficient Water Splitting on CdS.
- Author
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Shao, Mengmeng, Shao, Yangfan, Ding, Shengjie, Tong, Rui, Zhong, Xiongwei, Yao, Lingmin, Ip, Weng Fai, Xu, Baomin, Shi, Xing-Qiang, Sun, Yi-Yang, Wang, Xuesen, and Pan, Hui
- Published
- 2019
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31. Corrigendum to "Numerical simulation to assess the impact of urban green infrastructure on building energy use: A review" [228 (2023) 109832].
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Zhu, Sijie, Causone, Francesco, Gao, Naiping, Ye, Yu, Jin, Xing, Zhou, Xin, and Shi, Xing
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GREEN infrastructure ,ENERGY infrastructure ,ENERGY consumption ,COMPUTER simulation - Published
- 2023
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32. Corrigendum to "An innovative method to predict the thermal parameters of construction assemblies for urban building energy models" [Build. Environ. 224 (2022) 109541].
- Author
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Wang, Chao, Ferrando, Martina, Causone, Francesco, Jin, Xing, Zhou, Xin, and Shi, Xing
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FORECASTING - Published
- 2023
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33. Corrigendum to "Supervised learning-based assessment of office layout satisfaction in academic buildings" [Build. Environ. 216 (2022) 109032].
- Author
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Zhuang, Dian, Wang, Tao, Gan, Vincent J.L., Zhao, Xue, Yang, Yue, and Shi, Xing
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OFFICE layout ,SATISFACTION - Published
- 2023
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34. Ni0.85Co0.15WO4 nanosheet electrodes for supercapacitors with excellent electrical conductivity and capacitive performance.
- Author
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Huang, Yunxia, Yan, Chen, Shi, Xing, Zhi, Wen, Li, Zhimin, Yan, Yangxi, Zhang, Maolin, and Cao, Guozhong
- Abstract
Monoclinic wolframite Ni 1- x Co x WO 4 ( x = 0 and 0.15) nanosheets are synthesized successfully through chemical co-precipitation. The specific surface area increases appreciably with reduced pore radius when Co 2+ ions are incorporated into the NiWO 4 lattice. In comparison with NiWO 4 , the band gap of Ni 0 .85 Co 0.15 WO 4 reduces with the electrical conductivity increased threefold. The electrochemical properties and the device performance of supercapacitors with Ni 1- x Co x WO 4 as electrodes are characterized via the potentiostatic and galvanostatic cycle measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The Ni 0.85 Co 0.15 WO 4 electrode exhibits an obvious increase in specific capacitance, six-fold higher than that of NiWO 4 electrode at a current density of 0.5 A g −1 . Ni 0.85 Co 0.15 WO 4 electrode also shows excellent rate performance with ~78% capacitive retention while the current density is enhanced fivefold. The possible mechanism for the improved electrical conductivity and capacitive performance due to the incorporation of Co 2+ to NiWO 4 lattice has been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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- View/download PDF
35. Combustion Kinetics of No. A3 Coal in the Paner Coal Mine of the Huainan Coalfield, Anhui, China.
- Author
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Wen, Hu, Fan, Shi-xing, Xiao, Jun-feng, Lu, Ping, Guo, Jun, Liu, Wen-yong, Cheng, Xiao-jiao, and Yu, Tao
- Subjects
COMBUSTION kinetics ,COAL mining accidents ,DEBYE temperatures ,THERMOGRAVIMETRY ,ACTIVATION energy - Abstract
Due to the huge reserves and great commercial potential of No. A group coal seam, the study on its thermal properties and combustion kinetics have attracted much attention. Via thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, the combustion characteristics and kinetics of No. A 3 coal were studied with three types of coal samples, with the grain diameter less than 200 meshes, 200~100 meshes, 100~60meshes, seperately. Under three characteristic temperatures such as T t , T p and T b , the whole combustion process could be roughly divided into 4 stages. Combined with the T max and T i , these five characteristic temperatures increase with elevating heating rates. The Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) method and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method as reliable methods were used to verify the results of activation energy ( E a ) determined by of model-fitting methods. As complementary, the Coats-Redfern method was used to calculate the pre-exponential factor ( A ) and the correlation coefficient ( R 2 ). According to the evaluation criteria of E a and R 2 , D1 mechanism was the most probable model to depict the combustion kinetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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- View/download PDF
36. Hierarchical Assembly and Aggregation-Induced Enhanced Emission of a Pair of Isostructural Zn14 Clusters.
- Author
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Chen, Xue-Li, Xu, Hai-Bing, Shi, Xing-Xing, Zhang, Yuexing, Yang, Tao, Kurmoo, Mohamedally, and Zeng, Ming-Hua
- Published
- 2017
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37. Dynamic Evolution of Knowledge Modules Contexts Oriented to Business Process
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Shi, Xing, Zhan, Hongfei, Yu, Junhe, and Wang, Rui
- Abstract
The phenomenon of knowledge modularity exists in the executing process of enterprise business, and the performance of business execution depends on the ability of knowledge modules. Therefore, it is of great theoretical value to study the evolution of knowledge modules and their integrated contexts. In order to help enterprises to optimize their configuration of knowledge contexts, a method of dynamic knowledge context modeling was proposed in the article. The dynamic evolution process of the knowledge modules context from the perspective of context was discussed, and the dynamic evolution characteristics of the context based on business problems was studied. Also the contextual evolution model was established, which could effectively improve the cooperative efficiency of knowledge resources and enhance the performance of enterprise business process execution.
- Published
- 2019
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38. Mixed Layered Growth of Fullerene C60Self-Assembly on an Oxygen-Passivated Fe(001)-p(1 × 1)O Surface
- Author
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Hu, Liang, Pang, Rui, Gong, Peng-lai, and Shi, Xing-Qiang
- Abstract
The conventional layered-growth modes of atom/small molecule self-assembly on solid surfaces are usually obtained from the “mean field approximation” description of adsorbate–substrate interactions, which neglected the differences in kinetic parameters between different adsorption configurations. Here, through a multiscale computational method, we showed a novel mixed layered self-assembly growth of C60molecules on an oxygen-passivated Fe(001)-p(1 × 1)O substrate through considering differences in kinetic parameters between adsorption configurations in detail. The simulated mixed growth is consistent with the experimental observation (Picone, et al. Appl. Mater. Interfaces2016, 8, 26418) in which regions of large C60islands that have been nucleated coexist with areas of well-separated C60molecules. With a simple general model, the mixed layered-growth mode can be applied for other large molecules’ self-assembly, provided that the multidegrees of freedom in adsorption configurations give distinct growth parameters and the molecule is weakly chemisorbed on the substrate. Our study demonstrates the existence of a novel layered-growth mode, the mixed layered-growth mode, in addition to the conventional layered-growth modes.
- Published
- 2019
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39. Exosome-derived miR-339-5p mediates radiosensitivity by targeting Cdc25A in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- Author
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Luo, Aiping, Zhou, Xuantong, Shi, Xing, Zhao, Yahui, Men, Yu, Chang, Xiao, Chen, Hongyan, Ding, Fang, Li, Yi, Su, Dan, Xiao, Zefen, Hui, Zhouguang, and Liu, Zhihua
- Abstract
Cancer cells associated with radioresistance are likely to give rise to local recurrence and distant metastatic relapse. However, it remains unclear whether specific miRNAs have direct roles in radioresistance and/or prognosis. In this study, we find that miR-339-5p promotes radiosensitivity, and is downregulated in radioresistant subpopulations of esophageal cancer cells. Notably, miR-339-5p was selectively secreted into blood via exosomes, and that higher serum miR-339-5p levels were positively associated with radiotherapy sensitivity and good survival. Moreover, miR-339-5p expression was downregulated in the T3/T4 stage compared with T1/T2 stage in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients (P= 0.04), and low miR-339-5p expression in tissue was significantly associated with poor overall survival (P= 0.036) and disease-free survival (P= 0.037). Overexpression of miR-339-5p enhanced radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-339-5p enhances radiosensitivity by targeting Cdc25A, and is transcriptionally regulated by Runx3. Correlations were observed between miR-339-5p levels and Cdc25A/Runx3 levels in tissue samples. Intriguingly, combined analysis of miR-339-5p expression with Runx3 increased the separation of the survival curves obtained for either gene alone in the TCGA datasets (P= 0.009). Overall, exosome-derived miR-339-5p mediates radiosensitivity through downregulation of Cdc25A, and predicts pathological response to preoperative radiotherapy in locally advanced ESCC, suggesting it could be a promising non-invasive biomarker for facilitating personalized treatments.
- Published
- 2019
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40. ZAG alleviates HFD-induced insulin resistance accompanied with decreased lipid depot in skeletal muscle in mice
- Author
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Gao, Shi-Xing, Guo, Jun, Fan, Guo-Qiang, Qiao, Yu, Zhao, Ru-Qian, and Yang, Xiao-Jing
- Abstract
Over the past two decades, intramuscular lipids have been viewed as a cause of insulin resistance due to their ability to suppress insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) is an adipokine involved in lipolysis of white adipose tissue (WAT). To investigate the action of ZAG on insulin resistance induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), which affects the intramuscular fat, mice were divided into three groups, normal diet, HFD, and ZAG treatment under HFD (HFZ). The results showed that the insulin sensitivity of ZAG-treated mice was significantly improved. The body weight, WAT weight, and intramuscular fat were significantly decreased in the HFZ group compared with the HFD group. The lipolytic enzymes, including phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase and adipose triglyceride lipase, were significantly upregulated in the skeletal muscle of mice that received the ZAG treatment compared with the HFD group. Insulin signaling proteins, such as phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 and cell membrane glucose transporter type 4, were also significantly increased in the skeletal muscle of the ZAG-treated group. Furthermore, a metabolic rate study showed that ZAG overexpression increases the respiratory exchange ratio and heat production. In vitro, ZAG treatment promotes glucose uptake and decreases intracellular lipids in C2C12 myotubes. Taken together, these data showed that overexpression of ZAG alleviates HFD-induced insulin resistance in mice, along with decreasing the lipid content of skeletal muscle.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. CFD simulations of the tree effect on the outdoor microclimate by coupling the canopy energy balance model.
- Author
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Li, Ruibin, Zeng, Fanxing, Zhao, Yi, Wu, Yan, Niu, Jianlei, Wang, Liangzhu (Leon), Gao, Naiping, and Shi, Xing
- Subjects
LEAF temperature ,WIND speed ,SOLAR radiation ,LEAF area ,LATENT heat ,URBAN trees - Abstract
Trees can effectively regulate the urban microclimate, while the change of microclimate conditions in turn affect the physiological state of trees. In this paper, CFD simulations are performed by coupling canopy energy balance (CEB) model to study the effects of trees on outdoor microclimate. The results show that the tree has different effects on outdoor microclimate under different wind speeds, air conditions, solar radiation and stomatal resistance. Increasing the wind speed will weaken the cooling effect of the tree. This weakening effect can extend to a distance of about 3.2 times of the tree canopy width behind the tree when the inflow air temperature is 30 °C. However, the influence range at high wind speeds is greater than that at low wind speeds. Air temperature and relative humidity have opposite effects on the sensible and latent heat fluxes of the tree, while they both have negligible effects on the net radiation flux. The humidification effect of the tree will be weakened as the relative humidity increases. Solar radiation has a greater effect on leaf surface temperature (LST) than on air temperature. The net radiation flux is high at the top and bottom of the tree and comparatively low at the central section, which is related to the vertical distribution of leaf area density (LAD). Trees can mitigate the effects of environmental changes on the LST by regulating stomatal resistance, and the reduction of stomatal resistance leads to a greater cooling effect. • CFD study trees effect on urban microclimate under different influencing factors. • Trees have different effects on urban microclimate in different environments. • Increasing wind speed weakens cooling effect of trees under the same conditions. • Air parameters have little effect on the net radiation flux absorbed by trees. • The distribution of net radiation flux is highly correlated with leaf area density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. A novel and efficient method for calculating beam shadows on exterior surfaces of buildings in dense urban contexts.
- Author
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Wang, Xiaoyu, Zhang, Xinkai, Zhu, Sijie, Ren, Jiawen, Causone, Francesco, Ye, Yu, Jin, Xing, Zhou, Xin, and Shi, Xing
- Subjects
JUDGMENT (Psychology) ,NEIGHBORHOODS ,POLYGONS - Abstract
To address the challenges associated with the efficiency of calculating beam shadows on building exterior surfaces in dense urban contexts being low, a novel "neighbourhood shading building surfaces" determination criterion is proposed. The criterion was applied to the beam shadow calculation methods to evaluate its effectiveness in two case studies, one fictitious and simplified and the other real and complex. The results show that the novel criterion can efficiently and precisely determine the neighbourhood building surfaces that may shade the target buildings compared with the existing one. In addition, the efficiency of calculating beam shadows on building exterior surfaces in dense urban contexts is significantly enhanced after applying the novel determination criterion. Compared with the shadow calculation methods without neighbourhood judgement, the calculation accuracy is similar, while the total shadow calculation time is reduced by approximately 92% when the proposed criterion is integrated. Compared with the shadow calculation methods using the existing neighbourhood judgement criterion, both the calculation accuracy and efficiency are improved when the proposed criterion is integrated, showing a 68% reduction in the total shadow calculation time. It is also demonstrated that the analytical method (i.e., the polygon clipping method) integrated with the new criterion is more efficient and accurate for calculating beam shadows on exterior surfaces of buildings in dense urban contexts. • A novel "neighbourhood shading building surfaces" determination criterion is proposed. • Effectiveness of new criterion applied to common shadow calculation methods was evaluated. • The novel determination criterion is more accurate and efficient than the existing one. • Efficiency of shadow calculation is significantly enhanced by using the novel criterion. • Polygon clipping method integrated with the novel criterion is more efficient and accurate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Comparative research on different air conditioning systems for residential buildings.
- Author
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Zhou, Xin, Yan, Da, and Shi, Xing
- Abstract
Two types of air conditioning (AC) systems generally exist, namely, centralized and decentralized AC systems. This study focuses on three actual engineering projects of residential communities where centralized AC systems are adopted. The applicability of centralized AC systems in residential buildings is discussed and analyzed. In addition, the key elements that lead to different building energy consumptions and system efficiencies between centralized and decentralized AC systems in residential buildings are investigated. This study shows that in residential buildings, at the point where the centralized feature of the system meets the decentralized feature of users’ load, the problems of high energy consumption and low energy efficiency could easily occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Numerical simulation to assess the impact of urban green infrastructure on building energy use: A review.
- Author
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Zhu, Sijie, Causone, Francesco, Gao, Naiping, Ye, Yu, Jin, Xing, Zhou, Xin, and Shi, Xing
- Subjects
GREEN infrastructure ,SUSTAINABLE design ,SUSTAINABLE buildings ,ENERGY consumption of buildings ,ENERGY consumption ,COMPUTER simulation ,URBAN heat islands - Abstract
In order to address the increased urban heat island (UHI) effects and energy demand caused by global urbanization, it is imperative to seek sustainable urban design solutions. It is widely acknowledged that urban green infrastructure (UGI), which includes site-scale vegetation and building-integrated vegetation, influences the energy consumption of urban buildings. In the planning and design phases of UGI, numerical simulations are essential tools for evaluating and optimizing design strategies. However, the methodology for the simulation at various scales is still unclear, necessitating a comprehensive review of relevant studies. This review examined the research conducted on UGI modeling in numerical simulations of building energy consumption over the past 35 years and outlined the general workflow of these simulations. The numerical methods and tools for each step, as well as the coupling and validation methods for these tools, were described in detail. Thus, this study equips researchers with the knowledge necessary to analyze the impact of UGI on the energy consumption of buildings using numerical simulations. According to the review, existing building energy model (BEM) tools have not yet integrated modeling of site-scale vegetation for microclimate and shading. Future collaboration between urban climatologists and building physicists should be encouraged to improve the integration of climate and UGI shading simulations with BEM in order to simplify the use of numerical simulation tools. • A review shows that modeling UGI in building energy simulation necessitates the integration of multiple tools. • A general workflow for modeling UGI in building energy simulation is summarized. • An analysis of the numerical methods and tools used is given. • Recommendations for better integration of multiple simulation tools are formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Influence of asynchronous demand behavior on overcooling in multiple zone AC systems.
- Author
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zhou, Xin, Yan, Da, Jiang, Yi, and Shi, Xing
- Subjects
COOLING systems ,COOLING -- Environmental aspects ,AIR conditioning efficiency ,LORENZ curve ,AIR conditioning & climate - Abstract
The cooling demands of different zones in an air conditioning (AC) system are different (with large discrepancies) even at the same moment, and the degree of variance changes with time. This asynchronous behavior of demand greatly influences the overcooling degree in multiple zone AC systems. This paper describes the asynchronous demand quantitatively and reveals its relationship with the overcooling degree in a multiple zone AC system. The Lorenz curve and Gini index are introduced in this study and used to describe the demand characteristics. Two typical multiple zone AC systems, namely, constant air volume (CAV) and variable air volume (VAV) systems, are considered as examples, and their overcooling degree under different demand profiles are analyzed. Under different asynchronous demands, the overcooling degree in the CAV system changes from 1 to 3.5, while that in the VAV system changes from 1 to 1.5. In this paper, the influence of the regulation ability of the AC system on energy consumption is also discussed. This paper presents a new perspective to study the demand pattern and explores the method to reduce the overcooling phenomenon in multiple zone AC systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. UBEM's archetypes improvement via data-driven occupant-related schedules randomly distributed and their impact assessment.
- Author
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Ferrando, Martina, Ferroni, Sibilla, Pelle, Martina, Tatti, Anita, Erba, Silvia, Shi, Xing, and Causone, Francesco
- Subjects
STANDARD deviations ,ARCHETYPES ,SMART meters - Abstract
• In UBEM buildings are usually modelled via archetypes with fixed occupants-schedules. • Data-driven occupants-related schedules randomly distributed are proposed. • The impact of these occupants-related schedules on UBEM results is assessed. • Data-driven schedules are significant if the analysis targets hourly or daily values. • Data-driven schedules are significant if the analysis targets 5 or fewer buildings. In Urban Building Energy Models (UBEMs), buildings are usually modelled via archetypes describing occupants' behaviour via fixed schedules. This research (i) creates data-driven schedules for electric use and occupancy from smart meter readings randomly distributed in the model to improve residential archetypes, (ii) assesses the impact of these schedules on UBEMs' energy results at different temporal resolutions and spatial scales. The novel assessment procedure exploits integrated heat maps based on coefficients of variation of the root means square error (CVRMSE). The outcomes show that differences in energy needs, with randomized schedules, range based on temporal and spatial aggregation. Yearly, for the entire neighbourhood, heating and cooling energy needs, and electric uses are estimated -2%, +1%, and +18% compared to the base case. The outputs show that, when simulations are focused on the entire district, fixed schedules can be enough to describe energy patterns. However, if the simulation is focused on small groups of buildings (e.g., 5 or fewer), randomising the schedules can create variability in the model in terms of electric use and occupancy among buildings characterized by the same archetype. The followed methodology can be exploited also with larger databases and eventually verified with also other types of data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. The impact of urban vegetation morphology on urban building energy consumption during summer and winter seasons in Nanjing, China.
- Author
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Zhu, Sijie, Li, Yanxia, Wei, Shen, Wang, Chao, Zhang, Xinkai, Jin, Xing, Zhou, Xin, and Shi, Xing
- Subjects
ENERGY consumption of buildings ,URBAN plants ,ENERGY conservation in buildings ,URBAN morphology ,SUMMER ,CENTROID - Abstract
• Typical urban building-vegetation morphological prototypes are extracted. • A co-simulation technique combining urban microclimate and urban energy is proposed. • A quantitative analysis of the correlation between urban energy use and urban vegetation morphology is presented. • Key morphological parameters of vegetation affecting urban energy are determined. Studies have shown that urban vegetation can be an effective strategy for reducing energy consumption in urban buildings by regulating the microclimate and shading solar radiation on building surfaces. However, an understanding of the potential energy savings of vegetation morphological planning at the urban scale is still lacking, particularly regarding the quantitative correlation between urban vegetation morphology and its impact on urban building energy use. The morphology of the metropolitan area in Nanjing, a typical hot summer/cold winter city in eastern China, was statistically analyzed, and 40 urban building-vegetation morphological prototypes were extracted. Using the proposed co-simulation technique for urban microclimate and urban building energy, the summer and winter building energy consumption of the prototypes were simulated. A quantitative analysis was conducted on the relationship between urban vegetation morphology indexes and building energy consumption. The results indicate that strategically planned urban vegetation morphology can significantly reduce urban building energy consumption. In the summer, vegetation close to the geometric center of the site, uniformly distributed and highly mixed with buildings, can significantly reduce the building energy consumption; in the winter, the opposite is true. The presented findings provide designers and planners with strategies for incorporating urban vegetation morphology design into the construction of energy efficient cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Nucleocapsid protein from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus isolates can antagonize interferon-λ production by blocking the nuclear factor-κB nuclear translocation
- Author
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Shan, Ying, Liu, Zi-qi, Li, Guo-wei, Chen, Cong, Luo, Hao, Liu, Ya-jie, Zhuo, Xun-hui, Shi, Xing-fen, Fang, Wei-huan, and Li, Xiao-liang
- Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly infectious pathogen that can cause severe diseases in pigs and result in enormous economic losses in the worldwide swine industry. Previous studies revealed that PEDV exhibits an obvious capacity for modulating interferon (IFN) signaling or expression. The newly discovered type III IFN, which plays a crucial role in antiviral immunity, has strong antiviral activity against PEDV proliferation in IPEC-J2 cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of PEDV nucleocapsid (N) protein on type III IFN-λ. We found that the N proteins of ten PEDV strains isolated between 2013 and 2017 from different local farms shared high nucleotide identities, while the N protein of the CV777 vaccine strain formed a monophyletic branch in the phylogenetic tree. The N protein of the epidemic strain could antagonize type III IFN, but not type I or type II IFN expression induced by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) in IPEC-J2 cells. Subsequently, we demonstrated that the inhibition of poly(I:C)- induced IFN-λ3 production by PEDV N protein was dependent on the blocking of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation. These findings might help increase understanding of the pathogenesis of PEDV and its mechanisms for evading the host immune response.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Ni0.85Co0.15WO4nanosheet electrodes for supercapacitors with excellent electrical conductivity and capacitive performance
- Author
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Huang, Yunxia, Yan, Chen, Shi, Xing, Zhi, Wen, Li, Zhimin, Yan, Yangxi, Zhang, Maolin, and Cao, Guozhong
- Abstract
Monoclinic wolframite Ni1-xCoxWO4(x = 0 and 0.15) nanosheets are synthesized successfully through chemical co-precipitation. The specific surface area increases appreciably with reduced pore radius when Co2+ions are incorporated into the NiWO4lattice. In comparison with NiWO4, the band gap of Ni0.85Co0.15WO4reduces with the electrical conductivity increased threefold. The electrochemical properties and the device performance of supercapacitors with Ni1-xCoxWO4as electrodes are characterized via the potentiostatic and galvanostatic cycle measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The Ni0.85Co0.15WO4electrode exhibits an obvious increase in specific capacitance, six-fold higher than that of NiWO4electrode at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. Ni0.85Co0.15WO4electrode also shows excellent rate performance with ~78% capacitive retention while the current density is enhanced fivefold. The possible mechanism for the improved electrical conductivity and capacitive performance due to the incorporation of Co2+to NiWO4lattice has been discussed.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Is Neural Processing of Negative Stimuli Altered in Addiction Independent of Drug Effects? Findings From Drug-Naïve Youth with Internet Gaming Disorder
- Author
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Yip, Sarah W, Gross, James J, Chawla, Megha, Ma, Shan-Shan, Shi, Xing-Hui, Liu, Lu, Yao, Yuan-Wei, Zhu, Lei, Worhunsky, Patrick D, and Zhang, Jintao
- Abstract
Difficulties in emotion regulation are commonly reported among individuals with alcohol and drug addictions and contribute to the acquisition and maintenance of addictive behaviors. Alterations in neural processing of negative affective stimuli have further been demonstrated among individuals with addictions. However, it is unclear whether these alterations are a general feature of addictions or are a result of prolonged exposure to drugs of abuse. To test the hypothesis of altered negative affect processing independent of drug effects, this study assessed neural function among drug-naïve youth with a behavioral addiction—Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Fifty-six young adults (28 with IGD, 28 matched controls) participated in fMRI scanning during performance of a well-validated emotion regulation task. Between-group differences in neural activity during task performance were assessed using a whole-brain, mixed-effects ANOVA with correction for multiple comparisons at currently recommended thresholds (voxel-level p<0.001, pFWE<0.05). Compared to controls, youth with IGD exhibited significantly blunted neural responses within distributed subcortical and cortical regions including the striatum, insula, lateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate in response to negative affective cues, as well as during emotion regulation. Independent component analysis (ICA) further identified between-group differences in engagement of a fronto-cingulo-parietal network, involving decreased engagement in IGD youth relative to controls. Study findings are largely consistent with those from prior neuroimaging studies in substance-use disorders, thus raising the possibility that neural processing of negative affect may be blunted across drug and behavioral addictions independent of acute or chronic drug effects.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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