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The general opinion about Chinese students of Spanish is openly negative, since, due to their characteristics, it is very difficult for teachers to involve them in the practices of current participatory methodologies. In this paper we present the result of our research on the reality of this student based on the review of a important bibliography, as well as the data obtained from a case study. As can be seen, without dismissing that general opinion about these students, we do show that these characteristics are neither immovable nor do they have to be seen as negative, but quite the opposite, since they give rise to a student with an enormous capacity for effort and eager to know new educational practices, something that we can take advantage of using an eclectic method that combines methodologies. In order to verify these appraisals, we carried out a case study with which we wanted to know the impression of a group of students about our proposal and that we present in this paper with the aim of showing the myths and truths around this student and that we hope will be to help teachers of Spanish as a foreign language who meet them in their classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyse a corpus of 137 texts published between 1888 and 1899. These texts are included in one of the most successful Spanish-language newspapers published in the United States during the second half of the nineteenth century: Las Novedades (New York, 1876-1918). In the analysis I will determine the linguistic ideologies and the discursive strategies used for the promotion of Hispanism and Spanish language in a sociopolitical context in which the Spanish hegemony was losing all its power at an international level. Thus, the ideologies found are divided in two different categories: the linguistic ideologies that give the language a cultural value and the linguistic ideologies that make reference to the economic and commercial value of the language. The results obtained from this analysis will contribute to understand the role of Spanish language in the United States. Furthermore, this paper presents an unpublished corpus of clear historiographic interest that contributes to clarify the panorama of Hispanism in a country like the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper, by means of a hermeneutic method supported by documentary review, states that, takin intent into consideration, it is no possible a discourse simultaneously political and ironic. It has five sections: first, an analysis of the posture assuming the use of irony in political discourse. Second, a profile of the ironist and his presence in politics as troublesome. Third, the negative and private function or use of irony stressing its political impropriety. Fourth, three types proper of political discourse, which exclude and replace irony: parrhesía, cynicism and post-truth. Finally, the paper closes explaining the political inadequateness of irony. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of the initial phase (O1) of the European Project LSP Teacher Training Summer School (TRAILs), made up of eight partners: teachers of Languages for Specific Purposes (LSP) from seven European Universities and a British consultancy firm specialized in the quality of education research (Arcola). The main objective of the project is the training of LSP teachers and the development of skills to promote an innovative and high-quality teaching, based on the identified gaps and the existing dysfunctions between the training required by these teachers and the actual offering of courses. This paper identifies and analyses the training courses for LSP teachers offered in countries from the European Higher Education Area, with special emphasis in Spain. A standardized questionnaire was designed to gather the information available in the training programs of more than 1000 higher education institutions and universities in 25 countries. The results show that the offer is quite scarce and very eclectic and heterogeneous regarding formats, teaching methodology, learning outcomes and evaluation methods. These results reinforce the need to create the standard European pilot program for teacher training in LSP that emerged from this project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes and analyses, from a sociolinguistic point of view, the frequency of the phenomenon of the depalatalization of the voiced palatal nasal phoneme in the Spanish spoken in Montevideo. For the purpose of this paper, a survey comprising 150 respondents has been conducted -taking into account age, sex and sociocultural level variables-. The results demonstrate the recent existence of the process of dephonologization in the Spanish spoken in this city. At the same time, the results are described according to the recorded variables and, furthermore, are based on the phonic context and the prosodic characteristics in which the process of elimination of the palatal character of the aforementioned phoneme is manifested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, which lies on the scope of translation of Children's and Adolescent Literature (CAL), I put forward a theoretical proposal derived from the reflection on the traditional dycothomy target-oriented versus source-oriented translation. Thus, I firstly present a brief introduction on the translation of CAL. Secondly, I review the major theoretical postulates of the two extremes so far discussed in Translation Studies between which the different methodological options for translation are activated. Thirdly, I analyse both theoretical approaches in the specific context of CAL. Fourthly and last, I describe and justify the conceptual and terminological proposal: invasive translation versus noninvasive translation. The paper ends with a summary of the reflections previously made on some of the preceding binary models, a synthesis of the arguments upon which the proposal is based and an invitation to participate in the debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phraseology represents a recognized and relevant field in the teaching of the Spanish language and culture. Religion is an essential part of culture and as such it is reflected in many phraseological units (PU) that should have a place in learning a foreign language. Language and culture are inseparable for a native speaker as opposed to a foreign student who needs an integrated teaching of language and culture. For this paper, we have selected a PU with a religious cultural component that may be interesting for students of Spanish as a foreign language (ELE): colgarle a alguien el sambenito 'stigmatise sy' (literally: 'hang the sanbenito on sy'). To justify our choice, we have studied the frequency of this phrase in different situations and socio-cultural contexts during a period of five years (2012-2016) in several Spanish digital newspapers, including El País, El Mundo, ABC, La Vanguardia, Ideal and Marca. For this purpose, it was our initial assumption that a look at the frequency of this phrase in the digital press will help us identify its use. This paper seeks to extrapolate the results to applied linguistics, specifically, applied phraseology in Spanish, since phraseological competence improves not only communicative competence but also knowledge about Spanish culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the ideological appropriation of ecological topics and concepts in hegemonic discourses, a process through which business and political discourses in Spain (and possibly in the international scene) are reinterpreting 'green' ideas and making them their own. Thus, the ecological ideology once antithetical to large transnational/multinational energetic companies and conservative governments' ideals is now used by them, reinforcing and legitimating these companies and governments' actions, even when they are clearly contrary to green claims. Bearing this complex context in mind, the goal of the paper is to analyse two case studies of advertising campaigns intended for children: Repsol's campaign 'Mission Future', and 'Hunter for a Day', campaign produced by the Castilla y León Hunting Federation (with funding from the Castilla y León Government). Within the theoretical and methodological frame of constructivist rhetoric, our analysis aims to explain, first, how both advertising campaigns reinterpret ecological contents on their behalf, and, second, how new concepts (metaphors, in particular) are created in the process, i.e. blending concepts which illustrate the fusion between green ideals and hegemonic ideology in power discourses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper consists of the translation analysis of a literary work based on the study of the transference of the neologisms used in it. The chosen author is George Orwell, one of the geniuses of narrative of the 20th century and composer of some of the most relevant novels in the history of literature. We have selected the work 1984 to develop this paper, the masterpiece of Orwell's bibliography. The study has been completed by comparing the original version of the novel (written in the English language and published by Penguin) and two Spanish target texts, translated by Rafael Vázquez Zamora and Miguel Temprano García, published by Austral and Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial respectively. These two texts have been selected due to the different options used by the translators to transfer the lexicogenic elements designed by the author. The diverse chosen examples will be exposed in their original as well as in their translated form, inserted in their contexts of origin, and they will be analyzed using a contrastive method. Conclusions will be shown later about the functionality of the innovative concepts and words conceived by this writer in the new language and the morphology that these new manifestations adopt in the new context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the main female characters of the newspaper comic strip Terry and the Pirates by Milton Caniff, from the point of view of their assimilation with the female archetypes of classic cinema, mainly from the 30s and 40s of the 20th century. Initially, the introduction comments the features of the series and the objectives of the article. Then, the paper is divided into four sections corresponding to the four feminine archetypes analysed by Nuria Bou in his book Diosas y tumbas. Mitos femeninos en el cine de Hollywood. Each of these archetypes correspond to an important female character of Caniff's work, at least during a significant period during the twelve years that he was the artist of series, between 1934 and 1946. This is an analysis of the relationship between the classic cinema and the classic comic strip, an aspect that has not been considered in the literature, from a gender perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper aims to analyse the production of the Andalusian rapper and poet Ana Isabel Llorente, better known by her pseudonym, Gata Cattana. Firstly, we present her biography and the context in which her artistic career is inserted (2012-2017), developed under circumstances highly conditioned by the economic and socio-political events caused by the Great recession of 2008. A political intention is recognized in her work that, conveyed under a hybrid poetic identity (poet, rapper, and political scientist), points towards a feminist and republican ideology, linked to Spanish historical memory. Secondly, we propose the theoretical framework for a convenient approach to her work. On the one hand, we use the notions established by the authors who have studied the semiotic trace in the text through interdiscursivity and, on the other, the ideas of those who have laid the foundations for the study of the language of hip-hop through stylistic and regional variations as conscious choices of the speaker in a search for authenticity proper to the genre. Finally, the development of interdiscursivity, the combination of styles (educated and colloquial) and the expression of Andalusian variety in Cattana's production are displayed with concrete examples, where the author expresses that triple identity that makes her voice unique in the field of Spanish hip-hop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present a comparative study between El valiente justiciero o El ricohombre de Alcalá by Agustín Moreto (1657) and the Dionisio Solís' recasting (1811), a 19th century playwright. This recasting has not been studied previously, except for a brief structural analysis of the play. In this way, we will offer a comparative study between the Baroque play and the homonymous recasting, in order to establish the similarities and differences between both plays and trying to justify the changes introduced by the recaster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper develops an analysis of orality as a narrative resource in Ricardo Zelarayán's poetics. After a brief introduction to the objectives of this work and to the bibliography that, up to now, has dealt with this author, still meager outside Argentina, two sections are displayed corresponding to two scenes from the first chapter of Lata peinada, an unfinished novel that Laura Estrin edited in 2008 with the author's help. The reasons why these scenes, as enigmatic as revealing, have been chosen are the reproduction they make of the traditional tension between popular culture and literate culture and the fact that they allow the elucidation of a Zelarayanian author's figure. The results that this textual exegesis will illuminate are, on the one hand, that the voice occupies a preeminent place in the poetics of Zelarayán compared to the letter, as will be seen from the first scene, and the orphanhood that defines the writer's trade, whose poetics isolates him from the literate tradition. Collaterally, attention will be paid to the method of construction of the characters in the novel, the importance of the etymology of their names, traditional music as a narrative resource, or the presence of the «young orphan» motif, typical of the Latin American narrative of between centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The image of the heart regularly appears in our daily lives: it decorates multiple everyday objects, such as clothing, logos, shop windows, and it appears on graffiti. Additionally, it is ubiquitous in the digital world, as the "like" button is often in the shape of a heart. The aim of this paper is to identify the reasons why the image of the heart is so widespread, and the functions performed by its representation. In order to do so, we carried out a linguistic and semiotic landscape study, by analysing a large corpus of images of hearts, collected in the urban landscape and on the Internet. The results show that the hearts found in the two corpora perform all language functions identified by Jakobson (1984); the main contexts of use of the heart are the expression of love, appreciation, and gratitude. Finally, we comment on the "transfer" of functions of the heart from street to screen and vice versa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corpas Pastor (2008: 89) notes that corpus linguistics is considered a valid methodological approach to language studies, relevant to both translation and interpreting insofar that it can be used to analyse and describe a wide range of discourse types, reflect on translation units and re-examine the concept of equivalence. Taking as its starting point the fact that it is possible to work with corpora in such varied undertakings as researching language variations, performing professional translation/interpreting tasks and developing language teaching methods, this paper describes the stages involved in comparing and contrasting the original script for the film Bienvenue chez les Ch'tis and its dubbed and subtitled renderings in Spanish. We highlight the importance of properly preparing subject material to be able to make the most of its potential. In this particular case, we used the Final Draft, AntConc and WinAlign programmes to analyse the texts in depth, easily identify segments of interest and create translation units: a systematic method which enables research into Audiovisual Translation to be carried out in a rigorous manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of the typographical variations in the novel Historia de un bribón dichoso, by Ramón Piña, in its different editions. In addition to describing the transformations conditioned by the evolution of the language itself and the orthotypographic adaptations, this work assesses the implications that these may have for the transmission history of the text in question. The analysis is undertaken from a transdisciplinary point of view, using the methods of Textual Criticism, Textology, Orthotypography and Linguistics. From the location and dating of each edition and the elaboration of the Stemma codicum or genealogical tree of the work, we proceeded to a simultaneous comparison in order to identify the variations. Subsequently, the phenomena found were classified and tabulated, especially the variations of a typographical nature. The detailed study showed as a result the presence of multiple transformations resulting from the evolution of language and typography, and also from the editorial process. A considerable part of these changes affect the meaning of the text and its transmission history. The above allows concluding, in the first place, that a special attention is imposed to this work from the field of textual criticism, besides, it constitutes an alert call to Cuban philology about the need to pay attention to the principles of textology in the editorial praxis and philological analysis in general sense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Videogames are multimedia products including any number of types of texts that can be classified in different thematic genres. Specifically, cyberpunk is a science-fiction subgenre in which textual diversity goes hand in hand with the own atmosphere of the story. This paper analyzes a corpus including narrative texts of the menu of the cyberpunk videogame Deus Ex: Human Revolution™. This study is based on the hypothesis that the objective of the analyzed peritexts is to simulate situations that users live in real communication aiming that the videogame accomplishes the interactivity expectations. Besides, we believe that the studied-corpus texts can be classified attending to different perspectives, which allows relying on elements that make possible predicting translation problems of those texts. In order to do that, and based on a microstructural analysis (with mainly a functional perspective of text), we adopt four classification criteria (linguistic function, specialization degree, register and theme) that allow defending the hypothesis of textual typology diversity. This paper presents the most relevant results of the studied corpus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Russia and its foreign policy have led to tensions on the old continent. The current paper is part of a broader work in which policy and language are analyzed in parallel, thanks to Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) tools. This analysis will help us to better understand the social and dialectical strengthening of Russian nationalism and its impact on Russian internal and foreign policies. Therefore, we will be able to reconstruct meta-narratives and prejudices that are imposed nowadays in Putin's Russia. This way we will better understand in which way those narratives are used to maintain political support, even when the economic and social situations are not stable. We will especially focus on the idea of "Great Russia" -Velikaya Rossiia- and how Kremlin authorities have developed discursive instruments around this notion and forged on in its foreign policy and the use of the adjective "natsionalny" for domestic policies. Existing linguistic corpora in Russian and other sources gathered for this paper will show us the advantages of CDA over other more generalizing analyses. Our conclusions will bring us to the examples of Crimea and Ukraine, where nationalistic Russian discourse has materialized. We conclude by acknowledging the necessity of further research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a historical revision of Quevedo's consolidation as a classic writer in the contemporary literature written in Spanish. Classicwriters should be updated in order to prevail as time goes by. Quevedo is one of them. Many authors of the last one hundred years have emphasised the importance of Quevedo for the contemporary culture. This allows us to address how his image has been shaped at present and how the presence of his poetry has been prolonged. On the one hand, Quevedo has played a fundamental role in the Spanish poetry and in the 20th and 21st centuries' thought. It is because of this reason that he has been acclaimed by a wide range of authors from Neruda or Dámaso Alonso to Jaime Siles or Luis Antonio de Villena. On the other hand, his poetry has been projected into contemporary literature. In this paper we will analyse the projection −among the numerous texts that have influenced other authors- of Quevedo's idea of sensuality and the projection of the poems «Represéntase la brevedad de lo que se vive y cuán nada parece lo que se vivió» and «Enseña cómo todas las cosas avisan de la muerte». [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Spanish language is constantly growing. As part of this growth the publishing industry provides countless textbooks. This paper presents a specialized textbooks data analysis sheet for teaching Spanish as a second language. The paper starts with a brief state of the art about teaching Spanish as a Foreign Language. Then it specifies the differences between materials evaluation and materials analysis based on B. Tomlinson's theories. The paper also explains the importance of analyzing materials through specialized data analysis sheets. The methodological framework illustrates the history of materials data analysis sheets in Colombia, where this research takes place. Next it's shown the theoretical foundations and the structure of the data analysis sheet proposed in this paper. This data analysis sheet has four detailed analysis sections that correspond to the external description; the internal description; the analysis of communicative, linguistic, cultural and evaluative contents; and ends with a section for observations that allows the analyst to point out ideas that are not contemplated in the original data analysis sheet. These analysis sections allow teachers to know the superficial and deep structures of textbooks. Through these structures teachers and analysts can study and understand the characteristics of textbooks, allowing them to effectively use the textbooks resources, both inside and outside of the classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exit of the United Kingdom from the European Union, popularly known as Brexit, has a great media coverage in Spain. Thus, this paper analyses the journalistic treatment and the ideological bias that this political event received. To do this, a study of the semantic prosody of the term 'Brexit' in the Spanish press was carried out. The study covers a broad period of time, from the exit referendum in June 2016 to the second extension in October 2019. To achieve the analysis, a corpus for specific purposes was compiled made up of the most widely read newspapers in Spain according to the Estudio General de Medios. Specifically, four generalist newspapers (El País, El Mundo, La Vanguardia and ABC) and three economic newspapers (Expansión, Cinco Días and El Economista). The data obtained showed that Brexit received mostly negative coverage in all newspapers, especially economic newspapers that presented a greater number of negative co-occurrences with the term Brexit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the data from our corpus and survey, this paper aims to analyse a series of Chinese grammatical errors frequently made by Spanish students, in the light of theories of contrastive analysis and error analysis. We focus our analysis on the errors of six categories (polysemic correspondence, omission, order, collocation, classifier and deixis), and try to identify their possible causes. Lastly, we also offer some strategies in the hope of facilitating the Chinese learning in Spanish-speaking countries, as well as shedding some lights on the Chinese teaching and investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a reflection on the inclusion of the gender perspective in the university classroom, specifically, within the compulsory subject of Strategies for communication in multilingual groups of the Degree in Social Education at the University of Almería (Spain). In this, a didactic training proposal for Social Education students is proposed from the parameters of Critical Discourse Analysis to determine what discursive strategies the Spanish press uses to refer to refugee-type migrants, especially women. For this, the corpus created by the R + D DIPURE Project (The Public Discourse on Refugees in Spain) was used, since we consider that the results of the analysis will collaborate in recognizing possible stereotypes and prejudices that can be transmitted in this public discourse of the media, in this case Spanish, to be able to be combated and overcome in the framework of a democratic society that pursues equity and equality between women and men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of Golden Age Erotic Poetry is a field of study that has been booming in recent years. However, a deep understanding of its methods together with the recovering of texts and their decryption it is yet needed. This is the case of Jerónimo de Barrionuevo, an understudied author concerning his poetic production. Thereby, this paper focuses on four of his (unpublished) erotic poems, which radiate from Petrarchan tradition to end "deviating" towards more lustful spheres. However, that subversion is not far away from the dominant poetic system, for it is actually one of the many possibilities of the model variation induced by the system itself. The purpose is to present some of Barrionuevo's unpublished verses and study how the erotic subversion is performed in them, in addition to clarifying and explaining the erotic images and metaphors used by the author in this process. Whatsoever, this work follows the line of the latest studies which try to expand the lexicon of erotic voices of the Spanish Baroque, as for example the recent Vocabulario del ingenio erótico en la poesía española de los Siglos de Oro (2020) by Javier Blasco and Cristina Ruiz Urbón. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we shall address the Murcian language that appears in several novels of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in the Region of Murcia in order to verify if it constitutes a real sample of the Spanish language spoken in Murcia. To achieve this aim, we shall carry out a historical review to understand the origin of Murcian regionalism and the intellectual movement that emerged at the end of the 19th century. The regionalism born in Murcia in the nineteenth century is a twofold phenomenon, namely, both a political and cultural regionalism. Political regionalism, on the one hand, will be related to the Canton of Cartagena, a federalist insurrection that took place on July 12, 1783 whose goal was to proclaim itself as an independent canton. Cultural regionalism, on the other hand, is intimately tied to the association of the Murcian dialect with the so-called panocho, satirical speech of the Huerta de Murcia among whose predecessors include: Pedro Díaz Cassou, José Martínez Tornel and Andrés Blanco y García. This cultural and intellectual movement aims at promoting a regional identity of Murcia, mainly focusing on a linguistic identity and Murcia's customs and traditions. In addition, it will be worth stressing the great the importance of social stratification in explaining the regional and linguistic identity, since most of Murcia's society came from rural environments with a low level of education. Finally, we also mean to provide a considerable amount of reliable linguistic data which contributes to the studies on the nineteenth-century Spanish language, one of the most little studied within the discipline of History of the Spanish Language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper it has been performed an investigation on the musical terminology in the academic Dictionary of the Spanish Language. This research will reveal how this dictionary employs the technical mark "Mús." to identify all those terms which are directly or tangentially linked to the musical disciplinary field. To address such study, the macrostructure and microstructure of this academic work have been analysed from a synchronic and diachronic perspective; it means, from the first edition ('Dictionary of Authorities') to the last one (the twenty-third publication of this dictionary). Therefore, these editions have been scrutinised as well as the presence or absence of the aforementioned technical mark "Mus." has been checked in each of the dictionary entries of the different editions of the normative repertoire. Likewise, an analysis has been carried out on the different considerations that must be articulated with respect to specialised terminologies in addition to the criteria considered, according to different authors, to interpret that a word belongs to a particular technical discipline or, on the contrary, this term has undergone a semantic extension that allows it to be part of the common lexicon. In this analysis we have reflected on the lexicographical treatment that the terms coined in our language have received to baptize the realities belonging to the field of music; that is, if these words have been duly included in the general dictionaries (both academic and those that pertain to unscientific lexicography), if they have been the focus of a specialised monographic work or, by contrast, if they have been condemned to continuous belittlement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper it to analyze the concept of "writing style" from the perspective of "creativity", and confronting it with the institutional concept of style, which affects corporations, groups, etc. It is about establishing a differential model and to consider the consequences on the reading comprehension of this institutional communication model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the subtitling and subtitling for the Deaf & Hard-of-Hearing (SDH) proposal of the North American serie The Big bang Theory. Due to the success that TV series have experimented in the last decade, we encounter the problem that the DVDs only include subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing in original version, in most cases in English, so the Spanish audience cannot have access to this material. In this paper we intend to go through all the phases, translation and adaptation stages until the final product. Firstly, we present the status of the issue and frame subtitling inside Audiovisual Translation (AVT), its characteristics and subtitling phases. Next, we will focus on the subtitling for the deaf and hard-of-hearing, its special characteristics and technical aspects such as the position of each element on the screen and its format. Finally, we will analyse the results obtained from the chosen corpus, divided into four sections: technical specifications of the subtitling and adaptation proposal, challenges of the translation, challenges of the script adaptation and technical challenges. The final aim is to present a proposal of adaptation for the deaf and hard-of-hearing of an audiovisual material, and in certain way we expect to remove the obstacles that may exist and do our part in the struggle for accessibility in all scopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Of the groups included in the Nativity scene of the Riquelme Collection at the Museo Salzillo, the one traditionally called The Reading of the Romance provides an exceptional example of a public reading at the twilight of the Ancien Regime. It depicts a young shepherd reading to an audience set against a natural background. The paper analyses the group and its relation to the Nativity scene where it belongs, and studies aspects of the commission by Jesualdo Riquelme - a rich and educated local nobleman- of Francisco Salzillo, the artist who devised and started the group in his old age. The paper considers the group as a testimony of his age. It illustrates the behaviour and reactions of the reader and his audience demonstrating public readings as a means of socialising and transmitting knowledge for the illiterate working classes, an unusual theme for a Nativity scene. It bears witness to the attempt by some Enlightened rural figures to educate the illiterate poor in a context of celebration of life in Nature and affirmation of the authenticity of rural people at a time of land reform and social criticism offarmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to provide an state of the art of the key issues and methods adopted in computer-mediated discourse research in Spanish. By means of a content analysis of research papers published in scientific journals in Spanish between 1998 and 2014, we aim at identifying, first, the main objectives underlying these papers and, second, the methods and techniques adopted for the analysis of interactions in the digital environment. The results of this exploratory study, which is constitutes a first step of a larger research project (CorpusRedEs), show how the studies on computer-mediated discourse in Spanish have undergone an evolution from the characterization of the so-called "Internet language" throughout the description of some features in chats, to the analysis of different linguistic and pragmatic phenomena, such as linguistic variation, genre or (im)politeness, in a wider range of digital media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the literary beginning of argentinan writer Libertad Demitrópulos, well-known as a novelist, but not so much as a poet. However, she was a poet in her youth, when she met Spanish Nobel Prize Juan Ramón Jiménez, who admired her poetry, and kept some letters and texts from Demitrópulos in his archive, in Puerto Rico. There we found a poetic prose text, unpublished up to this time, that we present in this paper and that shows some motifs and topics that will be typical in Demitrópulos later works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on two contract subgenres: software licenses and warranties of goods. Both illustrate the interdisciplinary nature of texts in commercial translation processes. Although professional translators are likely to become experts through practice in one particular sector or subject-field, the skills required to identify, understand and solve problems in areas outside their main fields of expertise are essential if quality translations are to be produced. Legal and contract clauses are particularly important given their complexity and ubiquity, and also for the fact that they may imply contract liability. This paper uses two case studies - software licenses and warranties- to examine contract language and the difficulties it may pose for translators. These two contract subgenres are naturally found in technical information environments and typically require an instrumental approach to translation (Nord. 1997). Every translator should have a basic grasp of the foundations of legal translation and its possible associated legal responsibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyse how ironic utterances are used in a corpus made by political talk shows broadcast on TV and Radio. To investigate the question, a taxonomy of ironic utterances found in the corpus is proposed. Those ironic utterances are analysed from a pragmatic perspective, with a particular focus on the impolite function, characteristic of this specific communicative situation. Finally, the results of a quantitative analysis are shown, taking into account the media of the programme, and the sex/role of the speaker. The paper will conclude the high presence of ironic utterances in the political talk show, where they might be used as impolite and argumentative mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present paper is to analyse the state of Medical Spanish in two monolingual dictionaries (Dictionary of the Spanish Language of RAE and Dictionary of Spanish Use by María Moliner). Moreover, the entries will be compared in two other medical dictionaries which are available on-line (Diccionario médico-biológico, histórico y etimológico and the dictionary of PortalesMedicos). The object of this study are thirty definitions related to semantic field of sports massage: the focus of research will be also on studying the occurrance of the terms of corpus and whether the entries have labels and what kinds of them (of medicine, biology, physiotherapy or others). The result of the carried-out research is that definitions from corpus not always meet one of the fundamental principle of the scientific language -- to be monosemous. Using the labels in the analysed field is inconsistent and diverse. Neither physiotherapy nor medicine are the most often occurring labels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study sets out to determine the extent to which socalled "artificial Edens" were present in the literary works of Joaquín Dicenta and how they manifested in the bohemian life attributed to this author. One of the key pieces when analysing this question will be El Crimen de Ayer (1908), in which the author recreates the bohemian lifestyle of French literato Henry Murger, adapting it to the modern vices of his contemporary age. A modernity in which ether was quaffed in elegant cosmopolitan cocktails, and opium was carried in little glass phials. All these scenes are portrayed in Dicenta's novel, who also refers, in other works, to the effects of consuming ether and opium in men and women. Furthermore, this paper seeks to ascertain the extent to which Joaquín Dicenta was in tune with that modernity when he talks about these drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the research on reception of Medea in Literature and Art, this paper studies the play Medea Redux, a recreation of Euripides' Medea by the controversial American playwright Neil Labute (1999). Through a comparative analysis between Labute's and Euripides' texts, the procedures followed by Labute to 'appropriate' the ancient mythos are studied, in order to conclude on the aspects that interest the modern author and on the areas in which he innovates. This is done both in terms of the mythical story itself and the characters, and in terms of the elimination or conservation of certain formal aspects of the ancient tragedy. A connection is also established between Labute's theatre (in Medea Redux but also in Helter Skelter, a 2008 play also inspired by the Greek Medea) and the moral background of the Euripidean Tragedy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Spanish-speaking community, there is currently an increasing awareness of the diversity of existing norms in Spanish. The new RAE and ASALE policy, which is pan-Hispanic in nature and defends the polycentricity of the language, points in this direction. The recurring question about which Spanish to teach and the proper integration of geolectal varieties in SFL curricula continue to be discussed by specialists. However, not yet all the actors participating in the teaching-learning process are equally aware of this plurinormative character of Spanish and may be unconscious transmitters of erroneous linguistic ideologies. The study of the students' linguistic attitudes and beliefs towards the geographical varieties of Spanish, especially in a heteroglossic context, such as Taiwanese, can guide us on how this teaching work is being carried out. In this paper, we present an approach to the linguistic beliefs and attitudes of Taiwanese university students of SFL based on the concept of linguistic prestige. To do this, we start from a mentalist conception of attitudes and develop a qualitative research based on interviews and discussion groups. This research registered a majority positive attitude towards the Castilian variety and generally negative attitudes towards the other varieties, both European and American. These attitudes are based on series of erroneous beliefs and prejudices that seem to be being transmitted by the academic community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an analysis of the morphological and semantic behaviour of the English formant-exit is presented. This apheresis, whose origin is located in the term Brexit, seems to have become a productive element for word creation. Therefore, the objective of this work is to find out it this element also has the same capacity in Spanish, in particular, in journalistic language. The conclusions are that-exit does have a presence in neologisms in the Spanish press mainly for expressive purposes. The semantic value acquired in Spanish is 'exit of x from an institution or organization', but especially with a negative nuance 'abrupt, drastic, unilateral exit'. Its morphological behaviour places this element, like others such as-gate or-landia, at the limit between formation processes and therefore it seems more accurate to call it a suffixoid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study focuses on false friends-words with a similar form but different meanings--in both English and Spanish. Eight pairs of false friends have been analysed, paying special attention to their etymologies and their semantic derivations produced from their common etyma up to their current definitions in each language. The selected terms are some lesser studied forms, due to their less frequent useor to their dealing with a taboo meaning. In addition, with help of etymological dictionaries, these forms are presented from a diachronic perspective, scarcely studied and barely resorted to in language teaching traditionally. Nevertheless, in this paper it is argued that the diachronic approach is the best way to understand these words synchronically and hence it is desirable to avoid their study by heart in form of lists. In the search for a link between both languages, an explanation for the meanings of these words has been found, and with it, a significant method by which to make an easier and more effective acquisition orlearning. Our purpose is that this outline can help those researchers that in the future intend to work in these new alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sex, porn and video games are cultural elements of great importance and consumption. Additionally, a critical and artistic movement called post-porn has emerged in recent years and seeks to create new forms of experimenting sexual pleasure as well as non-normative porn in order to visibilize and empower both women and sexual minorities. The present paper aims to explore the intersection between sex and porn with video games, spaces historically conceived for male use. To that end, we provide an overview of the representation of sex and we analyze if there are examples of works that could be considered post-pornographic in video games. We conclude that the presentation of sex in this medium is still cisheterocentric and catering to the male gaze but that the existence of some post-pornographic practices illustrates the potential that video games have to dismantle gender and sexual stereotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Historiography and memory of linguistics in autobiographies of linguists". The paper discusses the autobiographical historiography of linguistics contributions. The autobiography is a source of the narrative aspect of historiography. In the paper a list of autobiographies of linguists is made (Davis & O'Cain 1980, Koerner 1991 y 1998, López Alonso & Séré 1992, Swiggers 1997, Brown & Law 2002, Timotin & Colceriu 2012, Laborda, Romera & Fernández Planas 2014) to consider their cognitive, literary and textual aspects. The article applies the theory as an analytical model of the drama and of the constituents of the story by Jerome Bruner. The study confirms the suitability of the autobiography to tell the life story of the author and to describe the landscape of contemporary linguistics. The study reveals the multifaceted value of writing I like literature, scientific document and source of social information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the translation for subtitling into English of cultural references in the Spanish movie Ocho apellidos vascos (Spanish Affair, Martínez Lázaro, 2014). The internationalization of Spanish cinema over the past years has led to the need to bring it closer to foreign audiences by means of the different modes of Audiovisual Translation. The boom of co-productions has propelled Spanish movies to foreign cinema screens, especially those created by renowned directors and screenwriters. Consequently, English subtitles are now frequently present in the DVD or Blu-Ray editions of hit movies. Since this paper mainly focuses on the translation of cultural references, a brief theoretical section precedes the comparative analysis, which has been divided into three parts: linguistic elements (the presence of Euskera and of linguistic features of the Andalusian variety of Spanish), references to Andalusia and references to the Basque Country. The final aim is to identify the overall strategy that has been carried out in the subtitling and the translation techniques employed in each provided example. The way in which these elements have been transferred into English will influence how this film is perceived by its target audience, since those references are of paramount importance to the plot and define not only the movie but most importantly the culture that it intends to portray. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper is twofold: first, to provide an analysis of the potential of Information Visualization as a tool in discourse analysis research, and second, to express the need for greater integration within other approaches to language and knowledge comprehension. It is illustrated in this paper how the integration of content analysis techniques, Network Theory, Information Visualization and Corpus Linguistics contribute to detect certain patterns in the discursive configuration and interaction network of the characters in Fyodor Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment. The visualizations (e.g., graphs and word clouds) not only prove to be an excellent (and necessary) tool for testing previous theoretical hypotheses made by Dostoevsky scholars, but they also demonstrate the extensive possibilities to reveal patterns and singular textual phenomena that serve to be the base for future empirical approaches to the study of linguistic data and literary text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent theoretical and methodological postulates in the field of foreign language teaching point to language mediation as a "fifth skill". It is, therefore, an integrated skill that must be developed in students as well as reception and production skills, if we are to create not only linguistically competent speakers, but also social agents who know how to deal with in various intercultural contexts. In this paper, we intend to address the pedagogical effectiveness of linguistic mediation in the teaching of Spanish as a foreign language (ELE), making a contribution to the evaluation process of a task of oral linguistic mediation between related languages (Spanish-Italian) in the field of secondary and university education. Thus, after providing a theoretical and methodological framework regarding the development of the mediation activity, we will elaborate a suitable pattern to evaluate the student's performance [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decades, it has been revealed that semantic categories are flexible and that they evolve constantly. The aim of this paper is to explore how the polisemy of the verb llevar is structured. For this purpose, our study is based on the parameters of the diachronic prototype semantics proposed by Geeraerts (1997), who place the keys to explain the configuration of lexical polisemy in the diachrony. Therefore, we have carried out a historical study of the verb llevar thanks to the analysis of a corpus taken from the CORDE. The results are analysed, on one hand, from a quantitative perspective, in order to show the age and the frequency of each meaning of the verb llevar. On the other hand, from a qualitative perspective, each semantic change that llevar has experienced throughout its history are described on the basis of the examples of our corpus. In order to describe the semantic changes, we will also use other tools from cognitive semantics, such us the image schema theory and the conceptual metaphor theory. All this leads to demonstrate that the current polisemy of llevar is the result of a historical process of semasiological expansion from one central or prototypical meaning [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the difficulties of the humour teaching-learning process within the educational context of teaching Spanish as a foreign language (SFL). This aspect is essential in the full progress of the pragmatic competence and it is a fundamental component of the communicative competence that the student of a foreign language (FL) or a second language (L2) must be able to develop. Therefore, we will analize what are the problems that underlie the didactic units which have been developed in order to determine the main keys to reach a satisfactory humoristic didactic unit. Moreover, a stand-up comedy didactic unit will be proposed and the results that this didactic unit has obtained in the SFL class will be commented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, on the basis of the Conventional Figurative Language Theory of Dobrovol'skij and Piirainen (2005), we focus on the symbolic background in the metaphorical use of the figure of the mandarin duck, and the traces of its symbolisms in the figurative expressions, from a linguo-cultural perspective. First, we collect a sample of idioms and verses from ancient poems related to the mandarin duck; then we organize and classify these data according to their symbolisms reflected in the idioms and figurative expressions which are subsequently analyzed semantically and culturally. This study demonstrates the productivity of the mandarin duck image, reflecting its particular cultural connotations in the Chinese language. In this way, this investigation provides reference materials which may facilitate learning, teaching and translation of Chinese, as well as intercultural communication. Besides, it also contributes to a better understanding of the interaction between language and culture in general, and between phraseology and culture in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a comparative study between two divorce decrees issued in Spain and Morocco with descriptive and translation purposes of approaching to the translational complexity of these type of texts. For this, on first place, a short textual-typological and functional comparison of these kind of normative constructs will be given. Then, the macrostructure of the selected decrees will be analyzed to identify and highlight the similarities and the differences between them. All this by applying the theoretical and methodological bases of contrastive textology [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to offer an analysis of the morphology of a very specific kind of idiomatic words: three loanwords from English that survive inserted in Spanish idioms. To do this, we will first define the concepts of "idiomatic word", "loanword" and "loanword from English", and then we clarify the methodological procedures to compile this kind of words in two dictionaries of Spanish -DLE and DEA. This will be helped by the special lexicographic treatment that due to its characteristics these words receive. We limit ourselves to the phraseological units that we know as idioms. We will carry out a morphological analysis of these words, focusing on the graphical, phonological, and morphological adaptations that these words have undergone in their acquisition process in Spanish -in this way, we will be able to observe the type of acclimatization in Spanish and the formal characteristics that they maintain as a signifier. Their idioms will be be also documented to check their use in Spanish. After our analysis, we can conclude that one of the main features of the loanwords from English in Spanish idioms is their maintenance in Spanish as non-adapted foreign words, as their graphical, phonetical, and morphological features demonstrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper consists of the translation analysis of the lexicogenic elements (or neologisms) used to build the fictional world described in a literary work included in the science fiction genre. The chosen book is 2001: A Space Odyssey by Arthur C. Clarke, one of the masterpieces of science fiction literature, written by one of the most influential authors in this literary sphere. Clarke is responsible for works such as Childhood's End or The Nine Billion Names of God, which created new standards for this kind of narratives, but 2001: A Space Odyssey has been chosen due to its conceptual depth and its writing virtuosity. This translation study has been carried out by comparing the original version of the novel (written in the English language and published by Hachette UK in 2010) and the sole target text available in Spanish, translated by Antonio Ribera and published by Debolsillo in 2014. The different examples included in this article will be shown in their original as well as their translated forms (inserted in their contexts of origin) and they will be analyzed using a contrastive method, after which conclusions about the functionality of the new terms that transfer the concepts described in the novel will be presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]