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This paper presents the influence of complex engineering geological and geotechnical ground conditions on the selection of combined measures for the rehabilitation of landslide on the main road M5. Field and laboratory investigations were conducted to determine the engineering geological and geotechnical conditions of the site. The road is situated on a relatively high embankment within the landslide area, under which a culvert channels a natural stream. The geological substrate is found quite deep, 7 to 8 meters below the surface. Beneath the road, there is a mixture of fill materials of different qualities, indicating that a railway used to run along this route in the past. The slope below the road is relatively steep, approximately 10 meters in height, with a poorly maintained stone wall at its base. The fundamental concept of the proposed solution involves the construction of a support structure comprising piles, a head beam, and a reinforced concrete wall. The designed rehabilitation measures ensure the stability and functionality of the roadway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is a presentation of a graduation dissertation "Hotel Lišanj arhitekta Ignjata Fischera, Novi Vinodolski" at the south of Primorsko Goranska županija near Crkivenica, built in 1923. The author of this hotel is a well-known architect from Zagreb, Ignjat Fisher, who developed the project before the collapse of the Austro Hungarian Empire in 1917. In the paper, the history oft he hotel and its interweaving with the development of the tourismin Novi Vinodolski is being analyzed. The analysis is focused on the historical building of the hotel. A review of the phases of reconstruction of the hotel from 1923 until today, and a functional analysis of today's buildingin comparison to the hotel Esplanade in Crikvenica with a similar history is given. The method of hotel reconstruction was "addition" of new volumes in contemporary style, which design should have adapted to the context. A lack of the attempt to adaptand a low quality of new hotel architecture is probably the reason why hotel chains advertise with images of historical buildings. Eventhough the Imperial architecture demanded a certain uniformity in the whole Austro Hungarian Empire, with a time detachment can be seen that these buildings add a value to an even more uniformed contemporaneity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper first presents a general overview of the problem of dam construction - the formation of reservoirs in karst terrains, followed by the overview of the karst terrains specificities, specificities of engineering geological problems, and the relevant influence factors of the karst process and its forms on dam construction in karst. The construction of dams in karst terrains is a special problem that requires additional conditions in relation to the conditions in other terrains, which is why special care is needed during engineering geological research, as well as construction and exploitation. There are numerous, complex, versatile and specific engineering geological problems in karst terrains, almost always somewhat different, at each new location, which must be taken into account when constructing dams. Typical examples of the engineering geological risk of constructing dams in karst terrains, from foreign and domestic practices, are presented in the end of this paper, including both, remediation works that have given positive solutions, and cases where extensive and long-term remediation works with high financial resources have not given satisfactory results. Special attention is given to the risk of water seepage from the accumulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonlinear methods for calculation of shallow foundation settlements in sand are addressed in the paper. One of them relies on the Hardening Soil Small constitutive relationship incorporated in the computer program Plaxis 2D. It has a significant drawback in the need to model the unknown strain history of the foundation soil prior to simulating the load test on a shallow foundation. This can be overcome by preloading the soil with a pressure which gives good matching between calculated and measured settlements. However, predictions of soil settlements cannot be made in such a way, because the soil strain history is not a priori known. It is shown in the paper how predictions of soil settlements can be made by Plaxis 2D by calibrating calculations against a simple direct method. A new direct method is developed along the lines of this simple method, on the basis of results of 16 load tests performed at 4 locations. The important advantage of the new method is that it properly takes into account the soil behavior at very small strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a hydraulic analysis of unsteady flow due to a possible dam break of the Tribistovo reservoir located in the Municipality of Posušje, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Flood wave propagation is calculated and flood maps are derived for different dam break scenarios. The methodology adopted for the development of the flood wave propagation model is based on the use of available tools for collection, processing and graphical display of geospatial data and tools for hydrodynamic modeling of transient flow. The selected approach is conservative and results are, as a rule, the worst case scenarios. Flood areas are obtained on the basis of hydraulic calculations with the most unfavorable assumptions: maximum water level in the reservoir, maximum inflow in the reservoir (with the return period of T = 10 000 years), instantaneous/gradual and total dam break, all of which result in extreme flooding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bridges as structures, but also as a symbol, draw the best out of a human, because by connecting two sides, they certainly always connect rather than separate, unite without dividing. The tasks of builders of primal bridges were limited to pedestrian crossings. Those were the first natural or constructed crossings made of fallen trees that were used for the needs of the then users. Today, pedestrian bridges are gaining importance by being constructed not only for communication but also as a modern way of healthy living. Construction of any structure, including a pedestrian bridge, requires its control. All bridges, regardless of their length, width and purpose, have in common that they must be tested. The Regulation on load testing of bridges (JUS U.M1.046) is one of the parts of legislation that must be adhered to. This Regulation defines the test procedures and evaluation of the results of tests on structures. In addition to a brief insight into modern pedestrian bridges, this paper presents practical examples of load testing of pedestrian bridges conducted by the staff of the Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Mostar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to develop structural design of a wind turbine foundation and tower. The structural modeling was performed in program Tower 7. All structural elements are calculated according to the applicable regulations of Eurocode and National Annexes. The structure consists of a steel tower calculated in segments and a reinforced concrete foundation made in a monolithic design. The wind turbine tower is a steel tubular tower, while the foundation is made of reinforced concrete in a circular shape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A numerical and an empirical method for calculating nonlinear load-settlement curves for shallow foundations on sand are examined and used in a new methodology. Both methods have merits and drawbacks. The drawbacks are overcome by the methodology proposed and verified in the paper. This methodology combines the merits of each method. For this purpose, a modification of the empirical method is proposed that accounts for the finite initial soil stiffness at very small strains. Computer programs with sophisticated nonlinear stress-strain relationships, such as Hardening Soil Small in Plaxis 2D, which are versatile in solving complex foundation problems, can cover strains from very small to large. When the foundation soil is layered, it is proposed to fit such a numerical load-settlement curve against the modified empirical relationship for each sand layer separately. This requires cone penetration tests, measurements of the shear wave velocity, and basic laboratory tests. The methodology is described and applied at two locations where load tests on footings were carried out. At one location there was a top layer of clay, which was also taken into account. The results of the application of the proposed methodology are very good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continuously raising awareness of the issue of climate change helps to better understand it, but there is very little or no implementation of activities to mitigate the effects in practice. Therefore, it is important to collect data, perform analyses and studies in order to improve the existing situation. The paper provides an overview of the current condition caused by climate change with a focus on water resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina, possible consequences in the future and measures recommended to be applied as a means to minimize the negative effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first part of the survey covers the history of the Austro-Hungarian "Air Base", "Aviation Park no. 4" and "Reserve Squadron 11", which were stationed in Mostar between 1913 and 1918. The airfield of Mostar-Rodoč, evaluated as early as in 1912, was one of the oldest in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. The Imperial and Royal Army Air Service used it for basic pilot training in World War I. The second part is an expertise for the salvage, conservation and restoration of the four still existing Austro-Hungarian hangars at the former Mostar-Rodoč airfield in view of protection of historical monuments. Erected in 1917/18, these hangars are the oldest witnesses of aviation in Bosnia and Hercegovina. Because of their genuine and very efficient construction, they should be preserved as unique examples of technical and engineering architecture. One hangar of exactly the same type, restored in 2013 in Krakow, is now part of Poland's cultural heritage. Structural calculations have shown that these Austro-Hungarian hangars comply with modern EU building regulations. All used documents and plans from the Austrian State Archives/War Archives (ÖStA/KA) in Vienna are still unpublished. The paper is therefore the first scientific analysis of Austro-Hungarian aviation and its architecture in Bosnia and Hercegovina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first part of the survey covers the history of the Austro-Hungarian "Air Base", "Aviation Park no. 4" and "Reserve Squadron 11", which were stationed in Mostar between 1913 and 1918. The airfield of Mostar-Rodoč, evaluated as early as in 1912, was one of the oldest in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. The Imperial and Royal Army Air Service used it for basic pilot training in World War I. The second part is an expertise for the salvage, conservation and restoration of the four still existing Austro-Hungarian hangars at the former Mostar-Rodoč airfield in view of protection of historical monuments. Erected in 1917/18, these hangars are the oldest witnesses of aviation in Bosnia and Hercegovina. Because of their genuine and very efficient construction, they should be preserved as unique examples of technical and engineering architecture. One hangar of exactly the same type, restored in 2013 in Krakow, is now part of Poland's cultural heritage. Structural calculations have shown that these Austro-Hungarian hangars comply with modern EU building regulations. All used documents and plans from the Austrian State Archives/War Archives (ÖStA/KA) in Vienna are still unpublished. The paper is therefore the first scientific analysis of Austro-Hungarian aviation and its architecture in Bosnia and Hercegovina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the initial part of this paper, a brief overview of the drywall construction and its spatial-historical coverage, especially in the eastern part of the Adriatic Sea, is given. In the central part of this paper, some significant dry stone constructions in Herzegovina region, from (pre) Illyrian times to modern applications, are given. In the final part of the work, poor educators of farmers and owners are emphasized as one of the main causes of their degradation, as well as the need for their thorough inventory, evaluation and revitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a subject of the research in this paper, the rock material from the quarry local name "Suljo Čilić" and one part of the quarry "Padešnica" of the local name "Padešnica crna" were chosen, which are the part of Jablanica gabbros massif. The rock material from these quarries was chosen because of the differences in the uniaxial compressive strength, and in order to give a reason why significant differences in the values of this parameter occur in the same rock material. The paper presents the results of the study of the uniaxial compression strength and mineralogical-petrographic composition of the large and fine grain gabbro from this deposit, from the quarries with local names "Suljo Čilić" and "Padešnica crna". After the experiment of uniaxial compressive strength and analysis of the results, a detailed mineralogical-petrographic analysis of the fracture surface of the characteristic samples was performed. Thanks to the higher number of tests, the correlation between the mineralogical petrographic characteristics (structural composition) and the value of uniaxial compressive strength was determined. Considering the two varieties of gabbro rock that have a significant difference in grain size, as a special influencing factor, the influence of the grain size on the obtained values of uniaxial compression strength was also considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays it is very useful to know what the author and copyright, who are the copyright holders of copyright, how it is protected and what are the consequences of his violation. Copyright protections enjoy many of the work we are experiencing in everyday life, such as literary works, computer programs, music, movies, databases, scientific and professional papers, etc. According to the applicable regulations, copyright protection also enjoys works of architecture, which include executed objects and individual parts of architectural project documentation. This paper gives an overview of legal regulations on copyright and related rights. By adopting the new Law on Copyright and Related Rights, the full harmonization of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the legal order of the European Union was carried out. This paper presents the methods and results of the quality testing of replacement stone for the renovation of the restoration of the Square of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The restoration of the square included only the interventions needed to restore the marvelous appearance of the square, as projected by Dušan Džamonja. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of the remedation design of the backfilled collector in the circuit of the TE "Kakanj", sampling and laboratory testing of cemented slag samples was performed. The aim of the investigation works is to determine the geotechnical parameters that will define the remediation measures of the damaged collector. This paper presents the details of the sampling and results of the experimental testing of the monoaxial strength of samples of cemented slag. Laboratory testing was performed on a total of 11 cilindrical samples with 5 cm diameter and 5 cm or 10 cm height. The measured values of monoaxial strength ranges from 1,76 MPa to 28,65 MPa. The results show the functional dependence of the depth of sampling and strength. Also, monoaxial strength increases with increasing slag volume weight. The paper also shows the procedure for adopting the geotechnical parameters of strength and deformability of the cemented slag. The strength and deformability parameters of the cemented slag were adopted according the Hoek-Brown's strength criteria using the RocLab software. Input data for the evaluation of Mohr-Coulomb's strength and deformability parameters were evaluated on the basis of investigative work, and the paper shows the principles for parameter selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the development of tourism in the coastal area, there are more and more demands for the construction of urban villas. Therefore, this paper presents the structural response for the design solution of an urban villa located in the Croatian coastal area. The original architectural design of the villa is the work of Mexican architect Elias Rizo and is recorded under the name of "VR Tapalpa House / Elias Rizo Arquitectos". Several variant solutions were modeled. A load bearing system consisting of a mixed wall part (left lamella) and a skeleton part (right lamella) suggested itself as the final optimal structural solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to wide-ranging and successful aplication of linear modal analysis (LMA), not only in the structural dynamics, but practically in all areas of natural and engineering sciences, its simple concept strives to extends to nonlinear dynamical systems. This has led to the formulation of nonlinear modal analysis (NMA), which has a potential to become powerful tool in the analysis of real dynamic systems. This paper presents a comparison of simple linear and nonlinear systems, and the concept of nonlinear normal modes (NNM). For realistic estimation of dynamical parameters experimental modal analysis is neccessary, which can then, in combination with nonlinear analysis, give real results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Old Bridge in Mostar was restored in mid-2004. The first cracks were observed in 2007. The cracking process has been ongoing since then. This paper presents the process of cracking and comments on the vertical deflection of measurement points on the bridge since construction of the new bridge. The analysis of these phenomena has been carried out and some possible causes of their emergence have been addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a brief overview of fractals and some possible applications of fractal geometry in architecture and civil engineering. The interest in this mathematical discipline has been steadily growing since the end of the 20th century, due to the fascinating beauty of fractals as well as the generally accepted perception that many shapes in nature, if not all, are irregular and rugged, or chaotic (nature is fractal). Fractal geometry, in contrast to Euclidean geometry, offers considerably better methods for describing natural objects, and thereby for achieving harmony with nature, or harmony between clear precision and chaotic imperfection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the "Mukoša" quarry near Mostar, the layers of Tenelija Stone (Tenelija) - oolitic limestone, are replaced by layers of Miljevina Stone (Miljevina) - fine grained limestone, where Tenelija is more durable and possesses better physical and mechanical characteristics. Since ancient times they have been used in construction and represent the tradition of the Mostar region. In last twenty years, Tenelija and Miljevina were re-available, both in modern use and in the reconstruction of war-torn buildings. Tests of Tenelija built in the Old Bridge began in the middle of last century. During the restoration and conservation of the foundation and arch of the Old Bridge in 1963. the stone specimens from the Old Bridge were studied, as well as samples taken from the "Mukoša" quarry because of replacement of the damaged blocks in bridge. Within the project of the reconstruction of the Old Bridge extensive studies of physical and mechanical properties of Tenelija from the Old Bridge's remnants were done, as well as of Tenelija extracted from the "Mukoša" quarry two years earlier (Faculty of Civil engineering in Sarajevo, 1998., Geotechnical institute "LGA", Nürnberg, 2000/01). Testings were carried out by "IGH-Mostar" (1998.-2002 and 2006) and bx Faculty of Mining, Geology and Civil Engineering in Tuzla (2003 and 2006). The most extensive research was done in "IGH" Mostar in 2016. This paper gives an analysis of the results of all these Tenelija testings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural stone is a traditional building material which in the past, and even today, is widely used, regardless of origin. For the proper and rational use of stone, it is necessary to know the entire complex of its general and specific properties. In general, the testing of stone can be: mineralogical-petrographic, physico-mechanical and special tests. This paper presents an overview of the physical and mechanical properties of the stone used as a coating in the retaining walls at the wider location of the engine room at HE Jablanica. The prepared samples were tested for: compressive strength in dry state, compressive strength in water saturated state, bulk density, water absorption, porosity, and stability of stone samples under the effect of frost using sodium sulphate solution (Na2SO4). The samples were taken from the coating of reinforced concrete or concrete retaining walls, for the purpose of assessing the condition of the coating and preparation of rehabilitation programme for damaged stone coating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Significant research aimed at determining engineering geological and geotechnical properties of the terrain for construction of different structures has been carried out in the Herzegovina region in the past period. Considering the geotechnical character, the conducted investigations were focused on exploratory boring and laboratory tests of physical and mechanical properties for the purpose of classifying the rock mass, usually according to the RMR or GSI classification, taking into account the following parameters: uniaxial compressive strength, core rock quality designation (RQD), spacing of discontinuities, condition of discontinuities, orientation of discontinuities and groundwater conditions. The paper presents the results of geotechnical investigations of limestones of Cretaceous and Eocene age, from several locations, which can be used to direct further investigations of limestone, primarily for the purpose of using it as dimension stone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultural and historical heritage contains movable heritage (inheritance) which consists of all realities of art and received art that are not organically bound to the building. The immaculate cultural and historical heritage (architectural heritage) represents immovable cultural goods created by human work from the prehistory to the present. It is well known that in the restoration of cultural and historical heritage of natural stone special problems are the choice of replacement stone. Buildings talk about how successful we have been in selecting a natural stone when original designs and design are unavailable, and we are doing a very good identification of the existing stone. An example of such a case is given in this paper on the project of restoration of a very complex object from the point of view of the type and manner of application of natural stone: historical buildings of the City Hall in Sarajevo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents types, classification and mechanical properties of natural stone masonry according to DIN EN 1996-1-1 i BAS EN 1996-1-1 (Eurocode 6) and points out that the National Annex to BAS EN 1996-1-1 has not been worked out yet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of the coal cutter has resulted in the use of similar machines for cutting horizontal and vertical cuts in the excavation of dimension stone. Today, chainsaw machines represent modern machines in a surface and underground exploitation, and they are used in low to medium abrasive and soft to medium hard rocks. An effective way of surface exploitation is achieved by combining chainsaw machine and diamond wire saw. With the introduction of chainsaws, preconditions for the underground exploitation of dimension stone were created. The efficiency of a chain cutter depends on the correct choice of machine's constructional and operational parameters, cutting elements as well as the conditions and methods of exploitation in a certain type of rock. This paper analyzes the efficiency of chainsaw cutting machines and their application in surface and underground exploitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound composed out of three elements; calcium, carbon and oxygen, and we can describe it with the chemical formula CaCO3. In natural form, it is found mostly in rocks in every part of the world, in shells of marine animals, snails, eggshells etc. Humans have used calcium carbonate since prehistory, and it is used today in various branches of human activity, including medicine and pharmacy. Calcium carbonate is nowadays used as a drug from a group of drugs that affect the alimentary tract and metabolism. It is used in the treatment of hyperacidity, heartburn and flatulence symptoms, as well as in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in renal patients. It is also used in the form of a dietary supplement, most useful for calcium supplementation, in people with low levels of calcium or in people that are in the risk group. It is often found in food where it appears in the form of a food additive, where it serves as a dye, nutrient, acidity regulator. In addition, calcium carbonate is today widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as an adjuvant, enabling the formation of medicinal preparations. In this paper, the role of calcium carbonate in the preservation of human health and disease prevention will be elaborated through the presentation of its use in various preparations related to human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Just how much change did Herzegovina go through over the last century, could be seen through abandoned stone edifice for water collection near the debris swallow-hole. Wells, tanks and ponds are an important source of information for the history of the people and area, but also for the history of architecture. Unfortunately, collections of many public wells, tanks and ponds are neglected or overgrown with weeds, and tanks are damaged or partially lumbered. We ought to rebuild our tanks and ponds not only for the sake of culture, history and tourist attractions but also for the sake of water preservation, because nowadays water is more precious than gold. This paper describes the architectural heritage along the springs and water that are part of the inherited heritage and evidence of the life in Herzegovina during the century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the first part of this paper, the history of the construction of a new parish house and the history of the church construction, is given. Preparatory works began in 1935, the construction of the church began in 1938, interrupted during the Second World War and in the period behind it, and continued and ended in the period from 1958 to 1961. In the central part of the work, the structure of the church is described. The walls of the church, 75 cm thick, are two-ply stonewalls. The inner layer is made of crushed local limestone, while the exterior is made of a rectangular stone. Almost the entire wreath was built of stone, except for the part that in 1958 was upgraded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper are presented also approved authors of known deposits of dimension stone in Herzegovina, where research and exploitation are currently being conducted. The location of the deposits is shown on the topographic map using the Bentley Microstation program. The compilation geological map was developed by processing the basic geological map sheets (OGK, M1: 100 000), in order to examine the active sites of dimension stone and favorable geological structures for starting new research. From the author's opus and from the network data, there are several distinctive types of rock exploited as dimension stones, known to us and in the world. The presented deposits and the use of some types of stone in the construction of exclusive facilities both in Croatia and in the world, indicate that there is great potential in the Herzegovina area, which in economic terms can be a significant factor in development. The fact that in the past decade the number of active quarries has doubled and stone exploitation is so intensified that annual production has increased several times, especially in the last five years. Contemporary exploitation of dimension stone is performed with highly productive technologies for surface and underground shutters. Such exploitation represents a massive excavation of rocks, of which only one part of the rock that is most compact is used as an dimension stone. Because of the geological conditions in the deposit, the proportion of excavated rock of 70% and more is a rock residue that is deposited in the environment or at best used as a raw material for technicalbuilding stone. Today in classical exploitation of dimension stone, sophisticated cutting machines are used to produce geometrically correct blocks whose market value is higher than irregular rocks. However, due to the high cost of exploitation per product unit, economic justification of utilization and smaller, irregular rocks for local construction are required. Particularly this concerns the construction of building objects in Herzegovina where the excavation can be performed by a classical method of exploitation of dimension stone and the excavated stone can be processed and used for the construction of objects as indigenous material. Likewise, behind the exploitation remains a large amount of stone remnant that can be used as a carbonate raw material for industrial use, which may sometimes exceed the value of dimension stone. The principle of sustainable development must be respected, where integral approaches value the value of all found mineral raw materials with the utmost care of the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rock from these areas is of carbonate composition, sedimentary origin, limestone, rarely breccia and dolomite. It is mostly of the Cretaceous period age, is a useful mineral raw material and has a wide application in construction, architecture and art. The problems that arise in the designing phase and obtaining concession documentation as well as the financial nature of quarrying are major obstacles to concessions. It is necessary to point out the importance of investigative work, as some of the research methods are most often avoided or only partially used. This paper presents some of the problems related to the research of architectural-building stone and the opening of quarries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to its specificity, the reconstruction of the stone-built masonry facilities in Herzegovina was made by a smaller number of construction companies. The reason for this is primarily reflected in the small number of skilled labour and the availability of specific tools. One of the companies that has been particularly prominent in this field is the company DZG "Građevinar Fajić" d.o.o. headquartered in Mostar, and which is evidenced by numerous objects made by them. Due to the limited number of pages in this paper, only some examples of traditional tools used by this company for stone processing will be mentioned in order to encourage other authors to investigate this phenomena in the area of Herzegovina. Finally, an example of a recently constructed simplest walled stone building is cited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regulatory framework for water supply services in different Balkan countries does not provide the necessary level of sustainability of these services, and they are searching for the needed improvements. Management of water supply service providers usually point out the tariff rates as critical to their operations, together with the level of non-revenue water, staff number and expertise and eventually collection of receivables. Even more, high non-revenue water is often justified with existing low tariff, claiming that it cannot cover all costs and the first activity that is usually left without financial resources is regular renewal and reconstruction of the network, causing real network losses grow year after year. Since any needed costs recovery can be assured with sufficient rise of price and adequate collection rate, water supply managers often underline that the EU legislation requests for "cost recovery" as one of the key principles of tariff setting. Even more, wording is often extended to "full cost recovery", thus stressing that it is not only operational costs to be recovered. But at the same time limited observations are made to other key principles that would keep the tariff justified and affordable. The paper discusses several additional principles to be observed, as well as their visibility within the legal environment of the selected Western Balkan countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Road network state degrades over time because of the climatic and meteorological conditions, traffic loading and insufficient maintenance. On urban road network bus stations are, especially exposed to premature damage appearance due to specific loading conditions. In this paper an analyses done at the chosen bus stations in Rijeka city is presented. Different parameters were measured and analysed and suggestions for maintenance of analysed pavements defined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to justify the construction of alternative roundabouts in the city of Mostar for the purpose of urban sustainability and by satisfying criteria. Namely, in urban environments, due to the limited space available, it is often necessary to investigate the possibility of applying non-standard solutions that can satisfy all the necessary criteria. Alternative types of roundabouts in the reconstruction of Kralja Tvrtka Street in the Mostar city are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For purpose of constructing the "Vidikovac" rest area on the state road D115 Humac - Bol, not far from town of Bol on the island of Brač, a 9m retaining wall was necessary to form a plateau. Since the denivelation could not be formed as cascading, due to the request space for rest area, options for the construction of a 160 m long classically reinforced concrete wall and a gabion wall were investigated. The gabion wall with reinforced backfill was selected. Calculation sequence, as well as advantages and disadvantages of this type of construction are presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resource savings requirements in projects that result from the global resourcesaving need stimulate innovation in construction, both in the field of innovative materials and products, and in the improvement of all construction processes. Changes in the project are marked by risks and usually assume the need for additional resources - time and money. Change management differs for a project that is traditionally conducted in a consecutive way from project design to project submission and to a project developed by the BIM approach that seeks to put processes more and more simultaneously. This paper presents a review of the literature that defines the differences between these two approaches and establishes a framework for exploring the possibilities for improving the complex building project created and managed by traditional approach based on the theoretical background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research is to present the overall and significant impact of the urban water system on the environment, i.e. environmental protection in the context of increasing the use of renewable energy sources, and how such energy sources affect climate change in general. Renewable energy sources include: wind energy, water energy, solar energy, hydrogen energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy, tidal energy, wave energy, cold energy from space and others. The application of the principles of sustainable development leads to the need to use renewable energy sources, improve their technical characteristics and functioning, and find new methods and technologies to finally abandon the use of non-renewable energy sources. To this end, it is necessary to pursue a policy based on strategic planning and the use of an integrated approach in the operation and management of urban water systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the scope of this study, the assessment of effectiveness of various traffic management and engineering noise mitigation measures at Masarykova Street located in the narrower centre of the city of Zagreb was made. Noise analyses were carried out by means of noise modelling procedure using the specialized noise prediction software LimA. Six different noise mitigation scenarios were observed, and optimal one regarding the amount of noise reduction in Masarykova Street and the amount of noise increase in adjacent streets was defined. Noise modelling results were validated by short term noise measurements carried out in day, evening, and night periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A basic statistical data analysis and trend analysis were performed for the flows recorded at the Tisne Stine 1 gauging station on the Cetina River. The analysis was carried out using the linear and nonlinear regression, Mann-Kendall test, and the so-called RAPS method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prefabricated construction method is considered the most advanced form of industrial construction. In prefabricated construction, elements are usually produced in a stationary plant according to industrial principles and then transported to the construction site, where they are assembled and finalized into a finished structure. Lack of builders' interest and understanding, poor public perception, insufficient investment in research and development of prefabricated construction have been identified as the main reasons for the insufficient application of such type of construction. However, prefabricated construction is nevertheless increasingly applied throughout the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cuts and side cuts, along with embankments, are very common during construction of all types of roads, and consequently also in the realization of access roads and plateaus of wind farms. Side cuts are made when the grade level of a plateau or route is below the ground in a slope. Realization, categorization and stabilization of side cuts in karstified rock masses entail a number of challenges that are mainly related to karstification processes. The specificities of the classification and kinematic stability analysis of karstified rock masses in side cuts are presented on the example of two plateaus of WF Podveležje using geomechanical classification (RMR), geological strength index (GSI) and stereographic projection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For each quarry, either new or existing, it is necessary to obtain the environmental permit based on the provisions of the entity's environmental protection laws, as there is no law that would regulate this area at the level of Bosnia and Herzegovina. An integral part of the request for environmental permit are data from the physical planning documents. The exploitation of mineral raw materials belongs to the field of mining activity subject to entity mining laws. In addition to the Mining law, minerals exploitation in Bosnia and Herzegovina is nowadays regulated by the application of a number of laws and ordinances / for which different entities are in charge, as well as in the Federation of B&H and cantonal ministries, as well as inspections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the number of cultural-archaeological sites, Municipality of Posušje is one of the richest municipalities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, but also in the wider region. This municipality is known for its architectural heritage and the art of stone quarrying from prehistoric times to today. According to the last list of archaeological sites dating from 1988, 40 medieval necropolises of "stećci", medieval tombstones, were noted in the Municipality of Posušje. According to the written sources and official data we have 16 quarries (active and non active), and this article will for the first time analyse the spatial framework and the connectivity of the necropolis, as well as the way of transportation of "stećci". It will be attempted to give an overview of the possible routes to which "stećci" were transported to the destination, the site foreseen for the necropolises. Some of quarries even today preserve traces of native areas of the making of with examples that are carved, ornamented and ready for transport which unfortunately had never been accomplished, but serve us as a confirmation of human creation and art in the Late Middle Ages in an area rich in stone resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stone as a basic building element of two prominent examples of Croatian interwar sacral architecture is not only important for its form but also for its symbolic meaning. The 1930s were marked by dominant styles of international functionalism of modern architecture in the world, Europe and Croatia, but two selected examples of contemporary styled stone architecture confirm the existence of a strong and independent trend in Croatian construction, which resulted in a recognizable Croatian version of architectural modernism. The Church of Our Lady of Health in Split, created by the principle of architectural synthesis of reduced classicism and the characteristics of dominant modernism, and the Chapel of the Mother of God - the Queen of Croats on Sljeme in Zagreb, as an example of contemporary interpretation of traditional and historical sacral architecture of continental Croatia, have become expressions for themselves, and not examples of mere reinterpretations of historical architectural inventory. At that time, young architects Juraj Denzler and Lavoslav Horvat presented themselves to the public and to the profession, not only as mature designers but also as excellent masters of performance in big and small scale. Even today, their exceptional regionally characterized sacral architecture justifiably takes the highest place in reviewing Croatian architectural achievements in the twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of processed stone usage on the territory of Bosnia dates back even before the Ancient period. Throughout the Antiquity, Middle Age and Turkish rule, the most enduring cultural and historical monuments were built of stone. The Austro-Hungarian period represents beginning of modern way of exploiting and using stone in our country. At that time stone from Bosnia begins to export to many European countries. In the decades after World War II, intensive geological explorations have begun, with the goal of finding deposits of a good quality architectural and construction stone. As a result of these activities, new quarries were opened and production was increased. "Bihacit", "Hresha", "Romanit" become famous stone brands throughout the former Yugoslavia. At the beganning of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992-1995), the exploitation and the processing industry of architectural and construction stone cease to work on the territory of Bosnia. After the war, some quarries gradually renewed production. New quarries are opening. Some survive on the market, and some of them not. Nowadays, on the territory of Bosnia there are seven quarries of architectural and construction stone. Some others are in the process of opening. On these quarries exploited are following rocks: limestones, gabbro, carbonate breccias and freshwater limestones. In order to survive on the market, it is necessary to modernize the processes of exploitation and processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Special vertical geodetic network was established on the viadukt Koševo. Measurements in the network were performed by using precise geometric leveling in two epochs. Measurements in the first epoch were done in winter conditions, while the second epoch measurements were done in summer conditions. Processing and network adjustment was followed after the measurements. The heights of characteristic points on the bridge resulted from mentioned procedure. Taking into account the standard deviation of measurements, differences in heights of points on the bridge have shown change in the height of individual points on the bridge. These differences suggest possible movements of the prestressed concrete viadukt Koševo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to Water Act in Federation of B&H, Water Management Strategy in Federation of B&H and EU Water Framework Directive (WFD), it is necessary to prepare and adopt Water Management Plan for Adriatic River Basin District in Federation of B&H (river basins of Neretva with Trebišnjica, Cetina and Krka in Federation of B&H). The aim is achieving of the required good ecological status and/or good ecological potential for all water bodies and prevention of further deterioration as well as protection and improvement of the status of aquatic ecosystems. Main activities during the preparation and adoption of SEA for this Plan are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article briefly presents the most critical factors that affect the soil temperature. Most of these factors can be found in city of Mostar area. The simplest and the most widely used method of land surface temperature determination is processing of thermal bands of satellite scenes. Landsat is the longest and most widely used satellite mission with open data. For the purposes of this study Landsat 5, 7 and 8 satellite scenes and open meteorological data were used, from which the atmospheric correction, and then land surface temperature (LST), were calculated for Mostar area. Four winter scenes (taken in the colder part of the year) and four summer scenes (taken in the warmest part of the year) were used. From all processed data, it can be concluded that Mostar can be considered as one of the warmest cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina and wider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In numerical modeling of structures, it is necessary to model the soil on which the structures rest. This soil simulation is performed through the Winkler springs model. In the simplest case of shallow foundations, this is done through the coefficient of soil reaction. Since a large number of authors have dealt with this topic, for the needs of a more reliable modeling, the SE_Calc software solution has been developed. The subgrade reaction is calculated on the templates of several authors in order to graphically display their relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monitoring the progress of earthmoving operations while accurately estimating productivity of construction equipment provides a detailed insight into the performance, early detection of low productivity, as well as any other possible defects. It also provides feedback on the correctness of the decisions made and a more accurate report of the time and cost necessary for the activity. Early detection and warning of all the risky, unfavorable actions provides opportunities to timely take appropriate corrective measures and make improvements. Wireless technologies offer considerable potential for application in order to monitor work progress and evaluate productivity. However, the previous studies indicate shortcomings and limitations. Future research attention on their considerable potential is needed. The integration of various wireless technologies is a possible solution to the problem and complexity of monitoring work progress and productivity estimates. In this matter, visionbased technologies are an indispensable field of wireless technologies for the development of an appropriate, reliable, credible, fast and cost-effective methodology of monitoring the progress of earthmoving works with accurate estimation of the productivity of construction machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]