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The article explores the significance of precipitation and drought in ecosystems, particularly focusing on the various types and impacts of drought on agricultural, forestry and socio-economic systems. It delves into the definitions and classifications of drought, highlighting its effects on water availability, agriculture, hydrology and society. Additionally, it discusses the assessment methods for drought, including standardized drought indices like the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI).

Background: Favorable quality of life (QOL) has been associated with diets with better nutritional quality. Objective: To identify dietary patterns and estimate their association with QOL among university faculty. Method: Cross-sectional study with faculty members (n=112) from a university in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Information on socioeconomic, work, health, lifestyle, QOL, and psychological distress characteristics were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Dietary intake was assessed by means of a food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis with principal component extraction and their association with QOL scores was estimated using multiple linear regression models. Results: 65% were women, 45% were ≥45 years old, and 43% were overweight. The mean general QOL score was 70.0. Four dietary patterns were identified: “snack”, “fast food”, “controlled”, and “basic”. The “controlled” pattern, including butter/margarine, bread, fruit juice, dairy, and caffeinated beverages, was directly associated with general QOL and “social relationships” and “psychological” domains, the latter was also directly associated with the “snack” pattern, composed by vegetables, meats, fruits, caffeinated beverages, and butter/margarine. Conclusions: The eating patterns that most explained faculty food consumption presented low nutritional quality, while the pattern with limited carbohydrate content was associated with better general QOL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the episode of a southern swell in the Canary Islands from August 9 to 16, 2023. It examines the socioeconomic effects, characterization, and behavior of the waves, analyzing their origins, impacts, and predictive models. It mentions that the study reveals the significant impact of such events on the southern coasts of the Canary Islands, detailing their origins, characteristics, and predictive patterns.

The implementation of quota policies in federal educational institutions increased the heterogeneity of socioeconomic status of students. The objective of this study is to analyze whether the academic performance of the most economically and socially vulnerable students is inferior to the others. The academic performance of students of integrated courses was analyzed using descriptive statistics and machine learning techniques. In the first one, the students were classified as qutota and non-quota students and the results showed that the performance of both is similar. The machine learning analysis found socioeconomics situations where students tend to have a lower performance compared to other students. The obtained rules in this analysis can justify closer pedagogical monitoring for students who fit into them, preventing evasion and improving the performance of these students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El texto analiza algunas de las propuestas que las agencias internacionales más directamente relacionadas con el sector educativo han ofrecido a fin de afrontar las situaciones creadas por la pandemia del Covid-19 y lograr la reactivación de la educación en condiciones similares, o al menos comparables, a las que se encontraba antes de pandemia. A partir de ese análisis, se trazan conexiones entre las agendas educativas, políticas y económicas que enmarcan las actuales respuestas en términos de mediciones, evaluaciones e inversión de recursos y tiempos. Al cierre, despejadas algunas dudas y aclaradas algunas decisiones, se toma distancia frente a las estrategias sugeridas por los organismos multilaterales, y se les ve desde una perspectiva que hace énfasis en las personas y las comunidades, antes que en los sistemas y en el comercio de datos, para sacar conclusiones que permitan repensar las direcciones en las que las acciones han de apuntar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study identifies the effects and impacts of the re-creation of the Northeast (Sudene) and Amazon (Sudam) Development Superintendencies, under the Growth Acceleration Program, on the socioeconomic development of the municipalities served. For this, we used dynamic panel data and differences-in-differences models, with information from Brazilian municipalities, from 2005 to 2014. The indicator of socioeconomic development was the Firjan Municipal Development Index, both for general perspective and dimensions (education, health, employment and income). Overall, results indicated that the superintendencies had a positive impact on general and educational developments, with observation of positive effects for health. However, although the beneficiary regions are most in need of regional development policies in Brazil, the restructuring of the superintendencies, with the proposed projects and objectives, was not able to fully meet these needs as no positive impacts on employment and income were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The socioeconomic and environmental problems resulting from disordered occupation on the outskirts of cities propitiate dire living conditions. In this scenario, it is important to develop studies that describe people's living conditions and the degree of environmental degradation to which they are subject. Thus, this study aims to diagnose the socioeconomic and environmental aspects of the residents living on the bank of the Santa Cruz stream that is located in the peripheral area of the municipality of Breves, Pará. The study is a quantitative and descriptive research in which a questionnaire was used to collect information on the socioeconomic and environmental profile of 257 families living in the Santa Cruz stream. The results showed that the majority of the inhabitants (57.30%) have incomplete Elementary School; 72.36% receive less than 1 minimum wage, the main occupation is informal work, 77.82% live in houses built of wood, 68.09% of households use the water from the stream for domestic use, 48.64% of households have a sanitary destination for dry cesspits and 13, 62% the sanitary destination is direct in the stream. In this context, residents live in a favorable conditions to social exclusion, unhealthiness and diseases, due to the poor socioeconomic, environmental and infrastructure conditions. Therefore, that the diagnosis of living conditions of the resident population of the stream, experience conditions of misery and abandonment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study compares Brazilian Agricultural Sciences scientific production and Brazilian agricultural production as highlighted by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, for each federative unit. In methodological terms, the scientific production is measured by bibliometric indicators of production and thematic association using BibExcel, Excel, and VOSviewer software. The study corpus is composed of 109.084 scientific papers indexed by Scopus between 2008 and 2017. The heterogeneous distribution of the Brazilian scientific production in Agricultural Sciences was demonstrated for all Brazilian states. The keywords analysis revealed that the most common research topic was Brazilian' Socioeconomics Policies, a research goal established by the National Graduate Plan (2010-2020). In conclusion, the correspondence between scientific production in Agricultural Sciences and agricultural production was found, once 19 out of 26 agricultural products identified by the Ministry as relevant to the Brazilian economy were present among the most frequent keywords. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted in order to characterize the goat production system and the phenotype of creole goat in the physiographic sub-province Volcanoes of Colima. Twenty-two questionnaires including qualitative and quantitative variables related to the producer, the unit and the production system were applied and also, 371 goats in reproductive age were observed to carry out a faneroptic characterization. Data was analysed with descriptive statistics and principal component and hierarchical cluster analysis. Production units were oriented to meat production and had an average area and flock of 10.90 ha and 36 heads respectively. There is no re-productive management, 95% of producers dewormed their animals while vaccination was only implemented by 55% of them. In 95% of the farms labor was provided by the family, 32% had a paved access road and 77% electricity. Producers had an average age of 55 years, low level of schooling and 14 years of experience in goat breeding. None of the producers had access to formal credit and only 5% had access to technical assistance. On average 15 goats per producer were traded per year with an average price of $33.50/kg. In the region prevailed goats with a combined white-brown coat, short and uniform hair, spiral-shaped horns, straight front-nasal profile, hanging ears, black mucous membrane, without the presence of wattles and beards. They also presented to a greater extent globular-shape udders, with a poorly marked median suspensory ligament and nipples with vertical implantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to evaluate the importance of productive backyards for family farming, identifying the socioeconomic conditions of this population that lives further away from large urban centers, showing that productive gardens can be a sustainable alternative, as these populations have a low job offer. and difficulty in the composition of the basic basket. The study was conducted between July and October 2018, in Fordlândia, district located in the Amazon, in the municipality of Aveiro (PA). A semi-structured questionnaire was applied, with questions addressing the importance of productive backyards in the field of family farming, applied to a sample of 15 farming families. The age of the farmers ranged from 41 to 79 years, where it was evident that man is the main manager of their production systems, having as main product worked vegetables, another important point is the use of medicinal plants, which still help the farmers. residents when needed to maintain health. Regarding the characteristic of learning and knowledge in productions, it is passed from generation to generation, which is still the most evident, even with the departure of many young people, who seek other opportunities in larger nearby centers. Productive yards exalt the great importance for livelihoods and income composition for families, weaving socio-economic and cultural profiles of this community, providing shade, recreational places and family gatherings, and softening the temperature around the homes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to analyze which are the symbols that the National Transplant System (STN) produces to build a favorable environment for organ and tissue donation. The study is based on the analysis of symbolism in advertising discourses of Brazilian organizations that promote organ and tissue donation. A theoretical plan is presented to discuss the principles at the base of the economy of symbolic exchanges within a social logic. The article argues that this process stimulates altruistic behavior and aims to avoid the mercantile behavior around organ and tissue donation. In the empirical plan, a semiotic analysis in organ donation advertise campaigns was conducted, observing that public and private actors use a set of symbols aiming to establish subjective truths that stimulate the donation in opposition to mercantile behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aims of the study were: To compare motor performance of boys and girls from different socioeconomic status and to verify the associations among motor performance, socioeconomic status, sex, and body mass index. Participated in the study children from high (N=45) and low (N=43) socioeconomic status aged between 7-10 years (M = 8.7, SD = 1.0). Children from high socioeconomic status demonstrated higher motor performance; while differences between sex were not observed. Girls from low socioeconomic status demonstrated better object control performance as compared to boys; while a similar performance was observed for locomotion. A linear regression analysis indicated that the prediction model with socioeconomic status and body mass index was significant [r² = 0.607 F(3,84) = 45.8 p <0.001]. Socioeconomic status was the motor performance' strongest predictor. Association studies are needed to better explain the motor performance in different contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe some aspects of nutritional care and food practices in relation to received nutritional guidelines. Methods: Cross-sectional study with elderly of both sexes in the city of Campinas-SP, Brazil, using a questionnaire and the variables: demographic and socioeconomic, nutritional care, assessment of the quality of the received nutritional guidance and food intake. Inclusion criteria were: 60 years and older, having high blood pressure (hypertension) and diabetes mellitus, living in Campinas and agreeing to participate. Results: A sample of 150 elderly was studied, 66.7% were female with mean age 69.9 years (SD ± 7.5). Men had been in regular nutritional counselling in the last 12 months more than women (68% and 32%). Although most elderly reported having received nutritional guidelines, daily recommended intake was not followed for whole foods (88%), vegetables (71%), fruit (27%); they did not restrict salt (67%) and animal fat (65%) and even 65% did not accomplish meal intervals. Educational material with nutritional guidance was received by 80% of men and 64% of women. However, 50% of women and 62% of men reported having doubts about the guidelines. Conclusion: Low compliance with nutritional recommendations indicates the need to improve health professionals training in counselling patients regarding food intake. This finding reinforces the importance of the performance of a multidisciplinary health team that motivates seniors to adhere to treatment, thus enabling better control of chronic diseases and the prevention of secondary complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutritional therapy in home environment contributes to the recovery of health status of patients and presents lower cost when compared to hospital enteral nutrition. However, in clinical practice, patients and their families have difficulties to perform procedures related to enteral nutrition. This study aimed to identify the epidemiological and nutritional profiles of enteral nutrition users. This is a cross-sectional study with questionnaires applied and anthropometric measurements for the understanding of socioeconomic profile, nutritional and variables associated with the use of this therapeutic modality. Only 31.6 % of users leave the hospital with counter-conference instruments. The diseases of prevalent base were neurological disorders (63%). The average usage time of therapy was 28 weeks with predominant use (53%) of industrialized formulations provided by the municipality (37%). Through the application of the Subjective Global Assessment, 66.7% of the subjects were classified as moderately malnourished. Results point to the need for effective integration between different levels of health care and the need of further studies on the profile of home enteral nutrition in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurship is a socioeconomic phenomenon that has been valued for its influence on the growth and development of regional and national economies. The main promoter of this phenomenon are entrepreneurs, subjects endowed with multiple features that make up their profiles. They are dynamic and results oriented, benefitting from the fruits of their own personal efforts. Entrepreneurial education is highlighted as one of the most efficient ways to promote an entrepreneurial culture and train new entrepreneurs. However, some difficulty has been observed in assessing the effectiveness of teaching and learning this subject. The objective of this study was to analyze, by means of multivariate techniques, an instrument whose function is to measure the learning of Entrepreneurship, verifying the change in entrepreneur profiles of 407 college students participating or not in an entrepreneurial training process. The results showed that students who participated in Entrepreneurship educational training activities showed significant changes in their entrepreneurial profiles. The main contributions showed growth in the Self-realization, Planner, Innovative and Risks Assumed dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The people have total dependence of natural resources existing on planet Earth. The big challenge is make the growing of population can live in harmony with the planet. In this context emerged the concept of sustainability, which is in essence the use of natural resources with the maintenance of economic, social and environmental sustainable. Like all change begins with the first step, this study shows how the city of Luís Alves, located within the State of Santa Catarina, goes hand in hand with the principle of sustainability in banana cultivation. After analyzing data on social, economic and environmental, it is seen that, contrary to what is often believed, agriculture can be a means of environmental preservation and not degradation. The objective of this study is to analyze whether the cultivation of banana in the municipality of Luis Alves achieves economic and social dimensions of the Principle of Sustainability. In preparing the article used the deductive method, operated by the techniques of cataloging and bibliographic review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review describes from a historiographical perspective, some planning backgrounds. It makes an overview of the major moments of the topic occurred in the former Soviet Union, Europe and Latin America. It is shown how the development of planning has been determined by aspects of political nature associated with the type of State (universalist/minimalist), the model of development (socialist/capitalist in its various strands), the political regime (democratic/ authoritarian), and the relationships among social actors with different degrees of power. Finally, the article takes into consideration some epistemological elements of planning and the main currents that coexist nowadays, showing the predominance of retraction of the State in the autonomous and sovereign planning of social affairs, the continuity of developmental conceptions focused on economic growth that expresses a lack of understanding of the social problems, and evidence the change in the role of the State toward options that legitimize the governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different approaches have been used to study border relations. Among them, the recent analysis based on territorial porosity suggests that border flows are the result of the current globalizing trend. The objective of this study was to understand the territorial dynamics of the subspace of the twin cities of Tabatinga (Brazil) and Leticia (Colombia), on the basis of an analysis of the norms and laws regulating the border flows and its impact on the economic and social development of the region. The study of the legal framework governing border flows made it possible to analyze the evolution of territorial porosity, its contribuition to regional development, and the increased closeness between neighboring societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents an analysis of the degree of institutional robustness of the Canavieiras Extractive Reserve (RESEX Canavieiras), located in the South of the state of Bahia, Brazil. The data were collected from traditional fisherman and from key actors of RESEX Canavieiras's management between 2010-2012, with the aim of describing the principal socio-political, socio-economic and socio-ecological relations associated with the seven main extraction segments of Canavieiras. It was possible to perceive the main conflicts that occur both between internal actors as well as between the actors of external institutions--nested enterprises. It was also possible to conclude that these conflicts directly affect the institutional robustness of RESEX Canavieiras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of medicinal plants is present in the culture of all nations, it's commonly trade at the open street markets. The bad conditions showed on the sell places, associated with the belief that "the natural cannot be bad", can result in problems to the health of the consumers. We aimed to characterize the socioeconomic profile of the sellers of herbal medicine from Lagoa Nova/RN, describing their methods of stock and exposure, also their beliefs into the use of these therapeutic resources. Interviews were held oriented by structured forms. From the total of the interviewees, sixty per cent were black, twenty per cent were mixed-race and forty per cent were white. The males predominated with sixty per cent of the interviewees. The transmission of ethno botanical knowledge and the point of sale were mostly familiar, reaching eighty per cent. The structure conditions and the hygiene in the point of sale were precarious. The interviewees did not know about the potential risks to the health to the consumers in the inappropriate use of the herbal medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Amazon and Amazonas state in particular, can be considered one of the last frontiers of the transition process of alimentary habits. The replacement of the traditional diet for a * supermarket diet* is striking in all regions of the Amazon. In order to analyze the relationship between the transition alimentary habits, health, aging and urban network in the Amazon this article outlines a case study in the city of Tefe, Amazonas State, Brazil. Tefé is characterized as a hub city by IBGE and of territorial responsibility by NEBECAB, which means the city organizes a micro - urban network. It is hypothesized that the shape of the urban network and the relationship of rural production surrounding the cities are key elements to understand the geography of food in the Amazon. Another hypothesis is related to social development policies which resulted in a monetization of economic dynamics. With the universal retirement intensified the transition of the alimentary habits, hence the importance of analyzing how this transition occurs among the elderly , especially women who are traditionally responsible for cooking is important to understand the geography of food in the region. We used data from field research conducted in May 2012 and April 2013, derived from forms that aimed to understand the socio-economic conditions of the elderly and their housing. Data analysis identified that the meal which shows more clearly the transition to the *supermarket diet * is the breakfast and that access to retirement pension makes it possible to buy supermarket products . When comparing the results it can be highlighted that the population of lower income have less or no access to fruits and breakfast is less varied, showing the social and economic injustice implicity in the changes in eating habits, unfortunately common scenario for small cities in the state Amazonas, Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to problematize the history of knowledge production in the field of Social Psychology in Brazil. The data for analysis were the summaries of the Working Groups of Symposia of the Brazilian National Association of Research and Post-Graduation in Psychology since its beginning in 1988 until 2010, available on the official website of this association. In our analysis, we selected the statements that compose the discursive field of Social Psychology in Brazil. These discursive formations are mainly the social movements, politics and economy. By discussing these three points, we can visualize some practices of knowledge fields concerning the object of study of Social Psychology that have been sustained and legitimized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Why do nearby towns tend to have similar electoral results? We test here three possible explanations: social interactions between inhabitants of nearby towns; the concentration of campaign strategies in some areas to the detriment of other areas; and the socioeconomic similarities of nearby towns. Using data from the 2010 elections and spatial econometrics, we rejected the first hypothesis; we found some preliminary support for the second hypothesis; and we found unequivocal support for the third hypothesis. The data also show that Dilma Rousseff "inherited" Lula's electoral basis of support and that this is quite different from that of the PT, which remains an urban-based party. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study had as subject of study the Program Integration Generations (INTEGERA) of the Institute Camillo Filho (ICF) in Teresina (PI), with cutout in thematic workshops and detached subjects. The general objective: the perception of the elderly about their old ages and contribution of the INTEGERA in the experience of active aging. Therefore, as a method of research was used the qualitative approach. Thus, the resources, such as literature, documentary analysis, oral testimony, direct observation inspired in ethnography were used as a research technique applied. As instruments of data collection, we used the socioeconomic questionnaire and the interview script. The research sample was composed of ten active elderly students of both sexes and egressed from the program INTEGERA. Among the results of this study were listed: it is necessary to conduct studies about active aging referring to subjectivity experienced by the elderly because of the existence of several old ages; that the subjects, despite experiencing behaviors that lead to active aging in academic spaces, they don't know the principles neither the determinants of active aging, these latter signify their experiences of active aging just like maintenance of functional capacity, body and mind's health. We believe that active aging can be desired individually, but must constitute to all people as Human Rights Policy, as preconized by the World Health Organization, through various spaces, especially in open universities for elderly people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The street fairs are dynamic spaces, essential for socio-economic integration between communities, especially in small towns. Among the products available are medicinal plants, important therapeutic resources for the poorest portion of the population. We aimed to determine the socioeconomic and cultural characteristics of the herbalist in Currais Novos/RN. The activity is predominantly practiced by men, low income and education. The trade of medicinal plants is the main source of income for 67.0% of the respondents and the data points tend to the extinction of the activity at the street fair of Currais Novos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work will focus on the cultural dynamics of the Paneleiras from Goiabeiras, Vitória - ES, Brazil, and their connections with the political and economic dimensions, reflecting on these social actors, as a professional category and as producers of an immaterial heritage recognized by agencies and their struggle for socioeconomic recognition - aligned with the capitalist logic and the material needs that they have. It was found that the interpretation of the dynamics of the Culture of Clay cannot be restricted to the analysis of isolated pans made by the Paneleiras or of the "place", but has to put both together as "pan-Paneleiras-place", as well as its relations with the State's Government, the Municipality, the IPHAN and the economic sphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Right to health litigation in Brazil raises a debate regarding its distributive effects in a resource constrained setting. Several studies have found that a significant proportion of litigation features individual claimants who live in the most affluent states, cities and districts of Brazil and are usually represented by private lawyers, whose fees are beyond the reach of most of the poor population. For some, this is an indication that the distributive effects of litigation are very likely negative because litigation tends to benefit a privileged socio-economic group and may force health authorities to divert to them resources from comprehensive health programs that benefit the majority of the population. Others, however, argue that courts can nonetheless provide an important institutional voice for the poor and promote health equity when they manage to access them. The main problem for this *prolitigation camp* is thus to enhance access to Justice. Our aim is to analyze lawsuits in which litigants are represented by public attorneys in right to health litigation in the city of São Paulo to inquire if at least this type of litigation is reaching out to the neediest citizens. This study analyzes three indicators: the income of litigants, the Human Development Index and the Health Need Index of the areas where they live. Our conclusion is that although public attorneys seem to represent mostly low income people, other indicators suggest that there are still important obstacles for public attorneys to reach the neediest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recognizing the importance of social security in the arena of Brazilian social policies, especially for small municipalities, the main objective of this paper was to evaluate the impact of social security benefits on efficiency in promoting socioeconomic development among small municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais. Thus, the study uses the technique of data envelopment analysis in two stages. The survey results showed that the benefits paid by social security had a positive effect in the promotion the efficiency of municipal socioeconomic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Brazil to undergo external interference in its configuration led to a social and economic framework of regional inequalities that accentuates every attempt to integrate the territories, mainly by adopting a model in which appropriates natural resources available at minimal cost to the capital, forming different territories from the imposition of capital itself. In this sense the text is in scope for reflection on the consequences of this dynamic for Amazon, after the integration of the Amazon to the national economic triggered the redefinition of social relations transforming the zone configuration to constitute a territory ruled by the coexistence and rationalities dispute as to ownership of land, the use of natural resources and the expectation of social reproduction. The period of economic history guided along the lines of Amazon dual cedes space to complex relationships in the value of trade in which the subjects live on the capital expansion in the territory. Instead of the Amazon border region becomes a territory boundaries, conditioned by the capital team that relies adversity to establish its different forms in the configuration necessary for their reproduction and growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: dental erosion is the irreversible loss of the hard dental tissues caused by acids and/or chemical chelation without bacterial involvement. Demineralization of the dental tissues in dental erosion originates from the action of extrinsic or intrinsic acids that mainly involves the consumption of acid beverages, medicines, and gastroesophageal problems. Presently, the combination of these factors has been attributed to the increase of dental erosion prevalence. Objective: the present paper aimed, through a literature review, at analyzing studies about the prevalence of dental erosion carried out in Brazil and identifying the factors associated with the erosive wearing. Method: the literature search was conducted based on Medline data, using as the subject descriptors the terms: tooth erosion, prevalence, Brazil. As national indexer, the Brazilian Bibliography of Dentistry (Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia - BBO) was investigated, using for the search the key words: dental erosion and prevalence. Scientific articles for prevalence studies in children and adolescents were included. These were analyzed and data were collected on: authorship, year of publication, sample size, age, city, local of the collection, gender, teeth examined, prevalence, severity, identification of etiological factors, and association with socioeconomic factors. Results: these data were presented and discussed. Conclusion: it was concluded that the prevalence of erosion was quite varied, being higher in deciduous teeth, mostly affecting just the enamel. The gender and socioeconomic status had little influence on the determination of the prevalence of this alteration. The erosive wearing was mainly associated with the consumption of food, beverages, candies, acidic drugs, and gastroesophageal reflux. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: to assess the adequacy of prenatal care and the satisfaction and gestational risks of pregnant women with a history of premature deliveries. Methods: a cross-sectional study with 1239 pregnant women, 259 with a history of premature deliveries when being attended by the Brazilian National Health Service (SUS) in RJ in 2007/2008. Demographic and socio-economic information, the obstetric history, adequacy of prenatal care and satisfaction with prenatal care were variables gathered using interviews and the prenatal records. The x2 test was used to compare the group with the history of premature deliveries with the groups with low risk or no history of premature delivery. Results: there were no differences in terms of the adequacy of prenatal health care among pregnant women with a history of premature deliveries compared with those with low gestational risk. Women were dissatisfied with the waiting times for consultations, the opening times of health units and the explanations given by health workers. Conclusions: a history of premature delivery did not improve the quality of prenatal care for these pregnant women. The health units experienced a number of problems, in the view of the women, regarding their functioning. The explanations given by health workers regarding the risk of premature delivery did not meet the expectations of the women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a short survey of the work of Ignacy Sachs - one of the pioneers of structuralist development economics and an outstanding economist dedicated to environmental economics. Sachs is PoHsh and a disciple of Michael Kalecki, but he is aiso a Brazilian and a French, given his strong ties with these rwo countries. He knows the importance of markets in the coordination of the economy, but, as a de-velopmental economist, he atttibutes a key role to economic planning, Only through the dehberate action of the state it will be possible to achieve economic growth, reduction of inequalities, and protection of the environmsnts - only through de-liberate action way men and women will be able to conduct the Spaceship Earth to economic, social and environmental development and assure a decent work to ali. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper performatively decentres the role of mainstream gay consumption in contemporary thought about the economic and social lives of lesbians and gay men in the Global North. It is simultaneously critical and reparative in outlook. This paper critically engages with writing on homonormativity from the last decade, suggesting that this work presents 'homonormativity' as an all-encompassing structure that becomes politically unassailable. In parallel with an analysis of contemporary lesbian and gay life as being complicit in the reproduction of various normativities, this paper takes the innovative and reparative stance of considering how such spaces and practices also produce interdependent relationships across social difference. Drawing on the work of Gibson-Graham (2006, 'A Postcapitalist Politics', University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN) this paper considers the prospects for outlining the diversity of lesbian and gay economic practices, with the performative ambition of making existing noncapitalist practices more visible and viable. To this end, the paper examines a number of gay spaces and practices to consider the different forms of enterprise, transactions, and labour that take place within them. On the basis of its preliminary inventory of diverse gay economic practices and spaces, this paper proposes that there are many aspects of contemporary urban gay life that already offer alternatives to the homonormative practices of neoliberalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The legislative and policy guidelines and, consequently, the forms of intervention on the phenomenon of illicit drug use have been presided over by two distinct ideologies: prohibitionism and anti-prohibitionism. Over time, and in practically the entire western world, prohibitionism has prevailed, arguing the need to criminalize and prosecute drug-related practices, in order to regulate them in the direction of the social norm. In this respect, most preventive actions have been searching for the abstinence ideal and the intervention mostly addresses users of illicit drugs with 'problematic' patterns of drug use. However, more and more authors argue the failure of the prohibitionist measures, especially because of the problems (e.g., economic, legal, social, sanitary) they raises, because they have not been successful in reducing the incidence and prevalence of drug use and because it has been difficult to reach subjects whose drug use experiences do not conform to these problematic patterns. According to this anti-prohibitionist logic there are arguments, inter alia, concerning the importance of promoting alternative forms of social control over the drugs rather than formal control (e.g., informal social control, self-control by drug users) and value has been placed on the benefits of risk reduction and harm minimization strategies. Based on this anti-prohibitionist orientation, the purpose of this article is to reflect upon what are currently considered to be best practices of intervention on the phenomenon of illicit drug use. Among others, we argue the importance of acting through peers, stimulating the involvement of drug users in the intervention efforts, and accomplishing a work that is horizontal, dynamic and held in natural context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This investigation was about an educational approach based on the History of Science and experimentation involving scientific concepts in the area of Astronomy, highlighting the reproduction of the original experiment performed by Eratosthenes in the third century B.C., designed to measure the Earth radius. It was found that the realized activities contributed significantly to the success of High School students from two public schools of Sergipe - the State College State Secretary Francisco Rosa Santos in Aracaju, Sergipe and the Federal Institute, campus of São Cristovão - since these activities had aroused the students' interest for the construction of new scientific knowledge, and they improved their comprehension of some aspects related to Science and Astronomy in particular, as its empirical character and its historical development, therefore immersed in a specific social, economic and cultural context. The approach allowed for a greater involvement of participating students and it improved studentteacher relationship. The evaluations identified that a significant learning of the discussed concepts involving Physics and Astronomy had occurred, such as latitude, longitude, equinox, solstice, midday sun, among other concepts treated in an interdisciplinary manner with other disciplines such as Geography, History and Mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: to identify the prevalence and factors associated with anemia in children of Karapotó ethnic backgrounds. Methods: a cross-sectional study of hemoglobin dosage levels using a portable Hemocue photometer to collect measurements of weight and height along with socioeconomic data for 99 children between 6 and 59 months of age, all of Karapotó ethnicity. The association between the prevalence of anemia and variables related to children, mothers and families were analyzed, using chi -square tests or Fisher Exact Tests. Results: the prevalence of anemia in the children was 57.6%, the prevalences of low height for age range, low weight-to-height ratios and low weight for age range in the children were 15.6%, 3.0% and 2.0% respectively. The occurrence of anemia was associated with younger children, those that spent less studying time with their mother, a large number of family members, those with fewer personal possessions and those that lived outside the group's home area or village ("desaldeados"). Conclusions: the results show that anemia is a serious health problem among Karapotó children, especially the "desaldeados ", coinciding with problems of childhood obesity and stunted growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Important socioeconomics, demographics and cultural changes, as well as the role performed by the unobstructed flows of information afforded by the consolidation of globalization's process of markets, have impacted the consumer's behavior and transformed the standards of consumption in general terms. Those transformations in the standards of consumption have affected the conduct of productive sector, which, in interpreting the signs emitted by the demand, has reinvented itself in terms of strategic position. Within this context, the present article seeks to interpret the phenomenon of specialty beers and their implications for the competitive dynamic in the brewing industry in the light of strategic positioning analysis and in the resource-based view, theories, that seek to explain the process of appropriation of sustainable competitive advantages. The study concluded that, despite of acting in a highly concentrated market, the upward trend and sustained phenomenon of specialty beers has created great opportunities for the microbreweries, moreover, it is possible to interpret that phenomenon as a feasible possibility of reversal the concentration's trend of income generated by this sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O principal objetivo deste trabalho é identificar se os consumidores em São Paulo possuem tendências etnocêntricas. Em seguida, a CETSCALE é analisada dentro do contexto brasileiro. O trabalho apresenta uma revisão da literatura sobre o conceito de etnocentrismo. Uma metodologia quantitativa e descritiva foi empregada e duas bases de dados foram obtidas, uma compreendendo 275 e outra somando 200 entrevistados da cidade de São Paulo. O instrumento usado para a coleta de dados foi um questionário estruturado com perguntas fechadas. Os principais resultados se referem a amostras moderadamente etnocêntricas -- quando comparadas com estudos realizados em outros países -- em todas as variáveis demográficas relacionadas. As análises indicaram que existem diferenças entre o nível de etnocentrismo dos consumidores quando eles são segregados em grupos por idade e diferentes classes econômicas. As classes socioeconômicas mais baixas são significativamente mais etnocêntricas do que a classe socioeconômica mais alta. Entre as classes mais baixas, as pessoas mais velhas receberam as pontuações mais altas de etnocentrismo. As observações finais são apresentadas, com algumas implicações e recomendações para pesquisas futuras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

National Policy, and analyses the effectiveness of Gorutuba Irrigation Public Project, in the north of Minas Gerais. The methodology is the ex post facto evaluation. Throught a quasi experimental model, by means of multivariate statistics, the Porteirinha municipality, beneficiated by irrigation project, compared with non beneficiary municipalities (control group). The Porteirinha municipality was jointed in the cluster 6, with other 13 municipals, all of the North of Minas Gerais state, what can be interpreted as an evidence of the model for control group construcion's good performance. This research showed that irrigation project partially reaches expected results. The results of this study reinforce the importance of irrigated agriculture for regional development through the impacts in the agricultural production, in employment generation and population growth. Although the indicators of municipalities reflected the occurrence of economic growth, there was no improving of social indicators of Porteirinha (municipality benefited). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A discussion around the complexity of Public Administration Theory favored the contextualization of the included tentative case study which is supplied with an instrument in search for better practices. The expectations of a public serving spirit, from the inclusion of costs on the retirement acts analysis -- delimited by the Brazilian reality of the RJ state Audit Court, preoccupied with the activity of public servers in charge of the related legal determinations compliance, inferring that the "task" besides of a technically trustful instruments, can also be a source de self esteem, due to its social merit. Its benefit toward the quality of public management, in terms of austerity and ethical zeal for the people, has oriented the theoretical debate and the instrumental construction toward a sense of sheltering theory and practice interaction. Away from managerialism, does not relegate legally instituted duties on costs. Final considerations recognize the labyrinth of Administration theories, transforming its entanglement into an instigating investigation on that challenging science-art of listening to people, respecting the res publica which belongs to him, as a permanent struggle for comprehension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among rights related to intellectual property, the geographical indication (GI) comes up as mean to stimulate the socioeconomic development of a society. Some countries, especially in Europe, for long have been using legal protection provided by GI certification as a way to make their products more competitive, contributing to the development of less favored regions. In Brazil, the subject is, still, recent and needs to be studied in order to be better understood. This justifies a comprehensive review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The struggle for land is one of the processes inherent to the contradictions existing in the Brazilian agrarian matter, front of the inequalities arising from the capitalist development. Thus, this study aims to reveal how this struggle it is configured as an agent that can perform spatial transformations through of the territorial disputes, especially through the leadership of social movements like the Movement of Landless Workers (MST). It has therefore established as space - time the formation process of the settlement Conquista do Caiboaté in the municipality of São Gabriel, located in Rio Grande do Sul, in the period of 2003 to 2009. Adopts as theoretic-methodological assumptions the scientific and philosophical vision of all is in motion, in unity and contradiction, in transformation process, and with the use of distinct and additional procedures attempts to learn some elements that make up the essence of the multiple dimensions that exist in the process of reconstruction of rural areas from the struggle for land. Whose expressions are present mainly through repossession of the social agents, a process that has provided the economic-social, politic-ideological and symbolic-cultural reconstruction of the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the consolidation of State of Paraná's agribusiness and its relation with MERCOSUR from 1999 to 2009, through the method of Geometric Growth Rate (GGR). As a corollary, it became evident that despite periods of crisis, all trading partners of Paraná, members of MERCOSUR, had expanded their import share. Exports from the state's agribusiness had a 4.68% GGR. Moreover, if member countries had a common vision towards strengthening the economic block, trade flow and complementarities would even greater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the process of forming a cooperative it is important to consider whether the individuals involved in the process are seeking values that cooperative work will allow them to reach. This study sought to identify and discuss personal work values and expectations from a group of recyclable materials collectors at the State of Mato Grosso do Sul countryside, associated in cooperative work. The participants were 13 people involved in the process of setting up a cooperative . Data collection was done through semi-directed interview with four open questions and socioeconomic data. Data were analyzed using the method of content analysis based on Schwartz Value Theory. Overall, the survey results indicate that personal work values and expectations were quite significant and coherent with the real possibilities that the cooperative work can offer them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environment is essential for life. However, the model of human exploration, mainly for economic reasons, is predatory. More and more, the ecological crisis and the social risks are growing. In this sense, the environmental protections cannot be evidenced as exclusive task of the state. The citizen must effectively participate in environmental preservation, inclusively through judicial instruments. Therefore, the Popular Environmental Action is an important mechanism of defense of diffuses interests. Although the environmental, citizenship is insipient. With the objective of promoting environmental awareness and dialogue between generations, through solidarity values, this study discusses the theoretical model of the Environmental Rule of Law and the integrated environment. Thus, this research intent to analyze the Popular Environmental Action and the solidarity support of the Environmental Rule of Law, looking for the effects of the judicial participation of the population in the environmental management. The methodology is bibliographic, descriptive and exploratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to contribute to the debate on the role of parties on the electoral choice in Brazil and intends to verify how party preference - which is measured through a scale of levels of preference - relates to socio-economic variables and with the decision of vote. The results indicate that the income does not explain the preferences of voters regarding parties, which in turn, also does not explain the vote for federal deputy. This seems to suggest that the literature regarding the decline of partisan identification and the weakness of the social links among parties and voters is correct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Would the Social Economy enterprises present a set of actions more environmentally sustainable than their capitalist equivalents? Or, has the growing political and social importance of sustainability already left a positive landmark in the business? These questions guided the case study in which we compared the forms of use of natural resources, notably water and soil, contrasting Social Economy enterprises - cooperative producing ecological rice in Rio Grande do Sul State and agroecological consortia based on the production of cotton in Ceará State - with capitalist companies of the same branches of agricultural production. The research conducted through interviews, field observations, and secondary data shows that the environmentally virtuous actions differ by type of enterprise and not by type of product grown, and the social economy organizations, in those cases studied, were effectively more virtuous than the capitalist enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a capitalist society, organizational decisions, usually aimed at the economic dimension, triggered or exacerbated the socio-environmental problems in many countries. In the search for solutions to such problems arises in the 1980s the concept of sustainable development proposing to meet the needs of present generations without compromising the care of the needs of future generations (COMISSÃO MUNDIAL SOBRE MEIO AMBIENTE E DESENVOLVIMENTO, 1988). Considered a subjective concept and open to interpretation, sustainable development, includes support of three essential dimensions: the economic, the social and the environmental one. Thus, under the organizational perspective, to make decisions that contribute to sustainability, has become at least a big challenge, because beyond the economic dimension, decision makers must deal simultaneously with the social and environmental dimensions. This shows that there are levels of decisions defined as simple, average, and complex and that these levels tend to influence or compromise the achievement of sustainability differently, depending on the service satisfactory or not of the dimensions. Faced with this challenge this paper, while theoretical essay aims to present an understanding of sustainability through the level of complexity of organizational decisions. To achieve this goal, it is proposed the relevant criteria that compose each dimension of sustainability, identifying the relationships (systemic) that may occur between the criteria for organizational decision making. As a result of crossing between levels of complexity of decisions and the dimensions of sustainability, a structure of a complex matrix of decisions was obtained to address sustainability. The qualitative matrix shows how the decision-maker or researcher may classify the decisions considered relevant and how he can make complex decisions that integrate satisfactorily the three dimensions of sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technological and social revolution experienced in the late twentieth century was the prelude to the current phase of globalization. The existing contradictions in globalization strongly expressed in the formation of geographic space and in different socioeconomic, political and cultural dimensions this process involves. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the consumer society in North America was reinforced as the archetype social formation exported to several parts of the globe. A predatory consumerism perpetuates itself in several regions accentuating the social segregation inherent in the accumulation of wealth. Important consequences of these developments are apparent in the agri-food system, as food suffers from the inherent contradictions of the globalization process. An example is the proliferation of "fast food" eateries with their unhealthy, protein-weak foods made symbolically appealing by a terrible propaganda machine. This paper explores the theme of the transformation of dietary habits in contemporary society analyzing the films "Goodbye Lenin" and "Super-size me". We intend to contribute to the promotion of critical reflection on the issue of food in globalized societies impregnated by reckless consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graffiti: discurse of resistance based on Foucault. The goal of this article is to observe how graffiti has altered discourses at the present moment. The paper is theoretically based on Foucault's philosophical historical perspective focusing specifically on the phase of studies on power in its genealogical axis. The presupposition is that power, from the economic and political aspect, does not have only one visible face which imposes laws and norms through social control. We understand that power is best understood as a power struggle in which the subject does not always accept the regulations passively and thus unleashes actions of resistance. If institutionalized power controls publications and urban practices on the streets, creating graffiti becomes a form of counter-power and resistance. Society also reacts to this type of invasion, which is publicly visible, and tries to impede this \"defacement\" of buildings and walls. As a form of protection the creators of graffiti write in code and also insert a voice of protest against a society that is so controlled. If at first, the practice of creating graffiti was due to political resistance and then a form of demarcating territory and also as a demonstration of daring, now it is possible to detect a socio-economic concern. We base our study on Foucault (1995, 2003, 2010). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]