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This article analyzes the main ideas of Hannah Arendt's moral philosophy in the texts Some questions of moral philosophy, Thinking and Moral Considerations, Eichmann in Jerusalem, The Life of the Mind and Lectures on Kant's Political Philosophy. In the first place, the characterization of the moral collapse that occurred in the context of totalitarianism is exposed, then Arendt's appreciations about the moral discernment criteria of Socrates, Plato, Kant, etc., its links with the faculty of will, and its references to the loss of self as a widespread phenomenon in society are examined. Finally, the meaning of the faculty of judgment is evaluated and the value of exemplarity in contemporary ethics is based. This paper presents the conclusions of the first stage of the research project whose question is: How can Arendtian ideas about exemplary validity as a criterion of moral discernment contribute to the consolidation of ethical positions that respond to the existential situation of contemporary man? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the notion of moral sense in Hutcheson by proposing the thesis that its foundation rests on a plan designed by Providence, which has provided human beings with the capacity to approve moral good and evil. In this sense, we explain how moral approval consists in an internal perception of a sentimental character founded on the goodness of the divinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explains what suffering-focused ethics are, and presents some of the main reasons in their support. It then discusses their implications for the moral consideration of animals. The paper argues that under according to these views, the harmful use as resources of animals should be rejected. It then examines those positions that accept the use of animals as long as it takes place in ways that reduce the harm inflicted by them. The paper presents several reasons why such positions can be challenged and why they conflict with what suffering-focused ethics imply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New ventures are part of the global reality, they are an alternative that drives the economy from various angles, being favorable to face adverse realities, such as that experienced by the COVID-19 pandemic. By virtue of the above, this paper, focused on the documentary research method, aims to analyze the figure of entrepreneurship, offering an interpretive and critical position. To achieve this end, the following aspects are considered: 1) The conceptual definition of entrepreneurship, which contemplates its economic meaning, its relevance for the social sciences and as mechanisms to establish relationships between entrepreneurs and the social conglomerate. 2) The ethical dimension of entrepreneurship, its link with social responsibility and with the obligations to the community, which makes us lean towards a definition of entrepreneurship linked to the strengthening of the productive economy and human relations. 3). The role of enterprises in the COVID-19 scenario, a moment characterized by the exacerbation of social asymmetries, the closure of companies, the sanitary confinement, but which also meant the promotion of various enterprises that kept society operational, offering goods, services and inputs in a novel way, supported by digital commerce and other alternative tools. It is concluded that new ventures are part of the current reality, they are a source of innovation, economic growth and effective mechanisms to face the logic of globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper makes a conceptual approach to human relations, situated from the approaches of administrative/organizational thought. It contemplates how the private company has grown according to the guidelines imposed by globalization, leading to the excessive accumulation of profits, leaving aside the valuation of individuals as worthy beings, which represents a misrepresentation of what should be the sense of belonging to the company. For this reason, we reflect on the urgency of directing organizational activity towards the search for the common good, based on an ethic of coexistence, whose purpose is to integrate the social with the labor, promoting the development of a series of axiological qualities to define. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper invites an exercise of ontological reflection on Franz Hinkelammert's theoretical proposal. For this aim, it exposes some conceptual implications of his idea of subject and tries to show how, from it, ethics, epistemology and politics are organized in his work. Although Hinkelammert does not explicitly address an ontology in his writings, the review of his theoretical corpus based on a set of questions linked to the reflection of the ontological level allows us to suggest this dimension or aspect of his thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the fundamental axes that currently converge for the needs of nature and humanity. The philosophical statements contained in this reflection become valid when it comes to articulating ethical codes with the advancement of science and, at the same time, educating through an axiological system that leads to sustainable human development. In this order of ideas, it is pointed out how Western progress has led to catastrophic events for life on the planet, coupled with the excessive use of science, without any ethical criteria to regulate their actions. However, as a result of the moral reflection of recent times, of the voices of various social groups, scientific improvements have been questioned and directed towards the production of knowledge that allows human activity to be deployed positively on nature and on society, taking into account that, to make this possible, it is necessary to combine ethics, science and education, to walk towards progress in terms of sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the moral proposal from Ernst Tugendhat, taking as a base his book "Dialog in Leticia". His moral work is composed by the approach of some aspects of moralities mainly exposed by Aristotle, Kant and Hume. In this regard, we will show the ruptures and continuities with these authors. At the same time, an attempt will be made to test the hypothesis that Tugendhat's goal (implicit in his work) is to create bonds of dialog between some aspects at the level of foundation. This is where the author creates a moral theory integrating such traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims the Kantian theoretical position regarding the aims of human culture. To achieve this end, the following aspects are taken into consideration: first, unsociable sociability is presented as a necessary condition for the species to advance towards the culture of ability; however, the need to protect his life and possessions leads man to settlement within the political community, as a mechanism to restrain his antagonistic impulses. This results in the advance towards the culture of the discipline, which leads to the establishment of a legal order that exerts a civilizing pressure to prepare the ground for morality. The hermeneutic-documentary method is used. Concludes are that in the need to guide us through an ideal of peaceful coexistence, with effective political mechanisms that allow the advancement of human culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reality of today's society makes it necessary to introspect on the determining aspects for the generation of an education that not only complies with the expected training standards, but also that integrally develops the ethical components in students in order to forge professionals and workers who perform around the aspects of responsibility and fundamental values for the common good. Due to the above, this paper presents a reflective analysis of the importance of higher education in the current global context, and the contributions of ethics in the formative processes of the individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper aims to understand the close relationship between ethics and aesthetics in the work of Michel Foucault (1926-1984). It is about making the commitment to make your own life a work of art. In the first place, the notion of art of living as an influence of the thought of Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) will be examined; in the second place, its first positions around a hermeneutic of self will be analyzed; in third place, the transition from self-knowledge practices to self-care in the Greco-Roman tradition will be reviewed; and finally, it will be exposed how the ethical mandate of care for the self takes the form of parrhesia, based on Kant's critical philosophy and its consequences for contemporary ethical reflection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the first Roman iurisconsults, there are repeated references about ethics and such is so, there are currently such deep and creative works around ethics by authors such as Coutore, Calamendari, Ossorio, Smith, Habermas, Apel, Hart, Aramburo and Machado, Fernández Bulté and this just to mention some who have treated the issue from the philosophy of law. Much paper, ink and pen has been used from Plato until today, through ethics, to elucidate when human behavior is good, correct, that is mandatory or that is allowed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to discuss the ethical dimensión of mystical experience from a naturalized perspective, ie, using data provinding by various scientific perspectives on these kinds of experiences. The development of this approach focuses on thinking this ethical dimension from the concepts of exercise and practice, following the use of the term by authors like Michel Foucault and Pierre Hadot. This dialogue between approaches allow, finally, talk about the mystical practices as practices of deautomatization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of Corporate Social Responsibility has been inclined to a business viewpoint that has transformed it into an instrument. Consequently, Corporate Social Responsibility seems to be a management style that might be disposable. In response, this article proposes a wider notion about Organizational Social Responsibility and its main objective is the statement of the relationship between Organizational Social Responsibility and morality. That means, to recognize Social Responsibility as an unavoidable part of human behavior foundations. To get so, this paper is fourfold: Organizational Social Responsibility concept, its ethical foundations, its relationship with values and private earnings and the necessity of an Organizational Social Responsibility promoted by the government in instead of being strictly voluntary developed. The main conclusion sets that Organizational Social Responsibility is always presented both in human behavior and organizational facts, therefore, it is not an optional choice. At the end of the work, suggestions for new research are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes to investigate the ethical aspects of the thought of Hannah Arendt. Her ideas are approached from different visions called horizons, as lines of development for her thought. In it. the horizon of the Greek polis as an ideal model for the political experience gives way to understanding that experience as a condition of possibility for the emergence of freedom in the world of human affairs. Experiences such as totalitarianism show the role of thought and common sense as bearers of ethical elements that connect life in the public space; that is, what constitutes the world of human affairs has a fundamentally moral substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to delve into aspects of Arturo Roig's philosophical proposal in order to analyze one of the most novel collective action phenomena in recent times: highway barriers, a fighting tool used by the unemployed workers in Argentina between 1995 and 2005. These highway barriers can be linked to other historical ways of demanding recognition and dignity, repeated throughout the history of the Latin American continent. Within the context of Arturo Roig's social ideas, these practices can be interpreted as an exercise of continuous "beginnings and re-beginnings" for a practical, situated and critical philosophizing that would belong to Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the work of the recently deceased philosopher, Arturo Roig, from the perspective of Latin American humanism, a trend of critical thought strongly present in Latin America. The core of Roig's theoretical proposal is expressed as the problem of the subject or, as he preferred to call it, of subjectivity. After a brief section that separates the philosopher's works into periods, the article reviews Roig's contributions on this theme in the different fields he explored: his methodological proposals for reading Latin American texts, his concept of the history of ideas as a reconstruction for the American subject's itinerary, the anthropological a priori as a theoretical and heuristic tool of philosophy in Latin America and, finally, his developments in the ethical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the possibility of transition from revolution, a moment of extreme social violence, toward organized resistance on a permanent basis in dissident group environments against the "totality" that confines them to a status of passive dependence. Against the fetishization of the revolution in the speeches of Stalin or Mussolini, this paper counters with some arguments by Nietzsche, Arendt, Jean-Luc Nancy and Derrida in order to propose an imaginary resistance movement, such as disarmament and displacement of the repressive totality that speaks with revolutionary words. The argument takes on a Latin American bias by incorporating the thesis of Jose Vasconcelos in the discussion. In the end, based on the Hegelian recovery of Sittlichkeit by Charles Taylor, a "we" is proposed as an actor in an interstitial political resistance that is neither cyclical, proactive and imaginary nor passive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If it is so necessary today to speak about the human capacity to assure coexistence among ourselves, this occurs because we live a period of the permanent deterioration of this coexistence. We can complain about this or be indifferent to it; however, we must reflect on this fact. This paper reflects on the ethics of coexistence and their importance to our society, in an age where what is indispensable is useless due to the rationality imposed by the neoliberal globalization model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to show Levinas's basic criticism of the concept of representational (in general) or intentional (in particular) consciousness. It will not be completely linked to the establishment of ethics; therefore, the study will work with the books Totality and Infinity, Otherwise than Being or Beyond Essence, Of God Who Comes to Mind. It should be noted that, for Levinas, the purpose of criticizing intentional consciousness is to establish ethics as the first philosophy and he submitted himself to this purpose. However, the authors consider that such criticism does not have to be linked solely to Levinasian purposes; it could illuminate other contexts in which the proposal for non-intentional consciousness would contribute to renewing contents and practices. The human sciences first come to mind, specifically their research processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Michel Foucault left us with an implicit reflection about the meaning of the work of the "master of life," just as antique philosophy (Greco-Roman) practiced and made a problem of it. In Foucault's studies about ancient philosophy, which will soon be available as a whole in a written edition, this figure of the "master of life" could be emphasized if it were contrasted with the figure of the "master of truth" as Marcel Detienne studied it, especially referring to the archaic age. The introduction to this work presents the general framework within which Foucault performed his research on ancient philosophy. The first part summarizes what is considered Michel Foucault's fundamental contribution, emphasizing what "ethics of the word" mean and how a "master of life" possesses this. For this purpose, the study is supported especially by the rigorous analysis Foucault made of the notion of parrhesia. Based on this, the second part of the study postulates that the meaning of the ethical role fulfilled by the problematization made by ancient philosophy related to the figure of the "master of life," is fulfilled not only in its limited historical dimension, that is to say, in the age of antique philosophy. That meaning also allows us to ask ourselves critically about our own condition as university educators in the world we live in at the beginnings of the twenty first century. For this reason, this paper's intention is to demonstrate that authentic academic life demands the ethic of the word. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even though Patočka never acheived a critique of the political limits of Husserl's and Heidegger's philosophies, he did clearly set the limits of those philosophies, limits after which the phenomenological philosophy of Patocka adopts a new dimension. En this paper we argue that vis-a-vis Husserl's and Heidegger's limitations, it is indeed possible to find in Patoĉka solid elements upon which to achieve a political and social philosophy in the strongest sense of the word -- and therefore, also an ethic-, that can contribute significantly to Latin America thought in a phenomenological sense, as well as the ongoing development of the contemporary world. Patočka's idea of philosophy represents a meaningful advance in phenomenological philosophy, and allows us to distance ourselves from idealism --whether transcendental or ontological--. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the author presents a critical, philosophical, ethical and epistemological vision of architecture as a scientific and humanistic discipline. In this context, architecture is synonymous with i) a symbolic, conceptual and aesthetic representation of reality; and ii) an ethical commitment to the defense and protection of biotic and ecological interactions between nature and human progress. For whom and for what purpose are two questions to be answered in relation to the means and ends that convert architecture into an interpretive and constructive knowledge of the habitat of human life from the historical, social, environmental and political perspective in which human beings actively participate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we probe the ethical response of Emmanel Lévinas from the perspective of specific suffering that social relations impose on the majority of humanity. We analyze the elements of his ethic which allows us to "read" the injustices and dis-equalities that are caused by avoidable human suffering, by following Levinas and his ethical posture in relation to "socially constructed human suffering." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to center our thoughts in the metaphysics and ethics of Hegel's works, pointing out the relationship between the subject, the law and history. This theme arises from an interest in the text on Phenomenology found in the Prologue, number 11.1, entitled "The concept of the absolute as a concept of the subject". Our interpretation and analysis of this theme in the works of Hegel are clearly found in the context of crisis in modern thought and are declared to be the objective of metaphysics. Hegel has been identified as the major exponent of both concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The works of Argentine Arturo Andres Roig not only constitute one of the best developed examples of Latin American philosophy, but is also an important transformation to common philosophical themes. This paper explains three essential points. One is the transformation of the subject and its role in collective society, a transference in which Roig maintains a middle position between idealism and determinism. Two is the moral call to emergence, a concept to which Roig attributes the constructive force function to the subordinate classes of society. And three, the auto-positioning of philosophy which in Roig's transformation mode is not only a contemplative transfer mode, but must actively participate in the positive transformation of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]