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Halide Edip, 1939-1951 dates essays in the evening. Writes from the beginning until 1945 is 73 grains. Halide Edip's 2nd this article World War II and the issue of world politics, Istanbul culture and art life, vehicles, Turkish-book-author presentation of world literature, Great Britain is subject. Halide Edip, a literary style and rich culture of the rise of Hitler with the idea of association, 2 The course of World War II, after the war of nations toğluluğunun establishment, freedom, democracy, civilization, will evaluate the concept of fascism The author, a social-political landscape of England appears today tells us how. The author of the Turkish society on the state of urban communities experiencing pain indicates that the transition to modern humans. Writers, art event on the grounds with all kinds of evaluations are available. Halide Edip's cultural arts performing arts occupy an important place in the article. The author has read sometimes works and sometimes on the evaluations are watching. French poet and writer who met the actor Alexis Rostand Cyrano'suyla year student, works in both English and French are the readers and a comparison. Halide Edip, differences between nations with art, culture, behavior and mentality are indicated by: British author of works of the French Cyrano'sunun üslûbunu hard to find a "nose the size of material and spiritual" is considered. Turn to the work of Turkish writer who appreciates Siyavuşgil'i Sabri Sabri Esat Esat's been in the inside of his head Rostan'ın Cyrano's, such as heart felt and been in the translation of the imagination, an indigenous culture based on the root of creation indicates that Cyrano. Halide Edip, writes about his beloved Istanbul in Istanbul's everyday life, shedding light on that day's scenes will transfer. Istanbul's natural, architectural issues such as coming into contact in the earlier novel, the author discussed in the article, itself a thousand people in transport and social movements identified from the profile is available in. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflation persistence is a coefficient that shows how quickly the inflation rate will return to the long-term average value after any shocks. The lower this value, the faster the return to the long-term average value of inflation. This value affects the effectiveness of the monetary policy and at the same time can be affected by this policy. In this study, in order to evaluate the inflation persistence of the Turkish economy, monthly Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation data covering the period 1982:03-2017:12 is analysed with a univariate approach. The inflation rate is calculated as percentage growth rate of the CPI from a month earlier. In order to calculate the inflation persistence, AR(1) model for an inflation rate is estimated. A distinguishing feature of this paper from other papers is that effects of structural breaks on both unit root tests and inflation persistence analyses are taken into account. In this study firstly inflation series is separated into three different periods according to the results of the LM unit-root tests with structural breaks. Then, the inflation persistence and the mean inflation rate are calculated for each period separately. Estimation results show that the long run mean inflation rate % 4.9 and the inflation persistence is 0.40 in the first period covering 1982:03-1988:02, the long run mean inflation rate % 7.3 and the inflation persistence is 0.36 in the second period covering 1988:03-2001:04, the long run mean inflation rate % 2.34 and the inflation persistence is 0.59 in the third period covering 2001:05-2017:12. Moreover there is a structural break in the autoregressive model estimated for third period and the inflation persistence which is equal to 0.71 before the structural break is decreased to 0.18 after the structural break. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the effect of using traditional drawings and StoryboardThat tool, which is a web 2.0 tool for visual preparation, on the quality and quantity of the stories developed in the digital storytelling development process on media literacy was investigated. Embedded design of mixed methods designs were used in this study. The study group of the research consists of 56 associate degree (28 experimental, 28 control) students from a child development program. The content analysis method was used to analyze the qualitative data and rubric was used to analyze the quantitative data. The findings indicate that the experimental group students who used Web 2.0 tools in the visual preparation process used more characters, hero perspective in their stories and their average scores were higher in all elements in the development process compared to the control group students. In addition to, it was determined that students focused more on the message in the dijital storytelling prepared using Web 2.0 tools, and they focused on the visuals in the dijital storytelling prepared with the traditional method. It can be said that, dijital storytelling is effective on subjects where real life experiences can be conveyed, especially at the point of empathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Jaffa city which is situated on the east of Mediterrenean Sea, its history is very old. Generally Jaffa city was used as a port of Jerusalem, has showed developing an increasing rate by constructed the railway. The population of Jaffa has grown rapidly, the Jewish migration was speed up to Jaffa since the beginning of the 20th century and Tel-Aviv was born as a new city to the north of the historic city. Many historical buildings are belong to Ottoman Empire that most of them were built in the 19th century in the Jaffa city. Civil buildings were mostly built in local style but Ottoman buildings were built in the Ottoman Empire style and western style inspired by local tradition. The Jafa Clock Tower, which is one of the two buildings examined in this paper, forms a public space in the city center, and the other building, qishla (barracks) or military store, stands out by the state authority. These tugras on two buildings belonging to Sultan Abdulhamit II and Turkish inscription on the door of the qishla, carries symbolic meaning to the country's political capital, Istanbul, in a way. The inscribtion of qishla is three lines and six verses and is located in the wide round arch of the main entrance door. 1885-86 dated inscription is placed just above the tugra. While the inscriptions on other Ottoman buildings in the region are in Arabic, the using of Turkish language is a conscious choice in this inscription on the qishla building. Here, it is necessary to consider a reflection of the principle that the official language of the state is Turkish in the Constitution. It should not be ignored, however, to give a strong message to the western states that pursue a number of accounts in the region without agreeing to a common official language without doing a Turkism policy. Today, the qishla building is used as a hotel by making some joints on the barracks building. The clock tower has been restored by the Israeli authorities and maintains an important symbolic meaning as an important monument of the city. Architectural constructions are the most important proofs for a nation that a part of the land that they live on a nation is made homeland. Today, these works carry traces and memories from us. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present study is to identify the articulation and pronunciational errors of sixth-grade students in terms of various variables and to contribute to the available literature and future studies in educational fields. Identification of pronunciation and articulation errors made by students is expected to reveal how much importance is attached to speaking skills in a curriculum and how effective the performed activities are. Theses and dissertations are available on speech disorders; however, to the best knowledge of the author, there is no in-depth research on articulation and pronunciation errors, which makes this paper unique and academically significant. This is a descriptive survey. The sample of the study consists of sixth-grade students who were studying in a middle school in Çaybaşı town of Ordu, Turkey, in the first semester of the 2018-2019 academic year. The students and their parents/guardians were informed of the purpose of the research and asked to participate in the study if they wished to. The sample consists of eight female and eleven male students, adding up to 19 students. Convenience sampling of non-probability sampling was employed for the purpose of the study. The obtained results showed that elision was the most frequently observed pronunciation and articulation error made by the six graders, they made more of such errors in their prepared speeches than in their impromptu ones, and the male students had recourse to errors of these kinds more often than the female students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The youth unemployment problem, with the increasing impact of globalization, maintains its importance as a serious problem faced by developed and developing countries in today's world economy. Policymakers' perception of the youth unemployment problem will also affect the level of utilization of young people through new employment channels. This paper is based on two main objectives. This youth unemployment in the primary objective of the EU and Turkey before the study was to investigate by comparing the development in the 2000-2018 year, macros factor in causing youth unemployment and to determine the micro-level and to provide a variety of alternative policies within the framework of the economic policies implemented in these reasons context. The secondary aim of the study is to examine the relationship between youth labour force participation rates, inflation, economic growth, education expenditures, foreign investment flows and youth unemployment rates for Turkish economy over 2000-2018. The results of the regression analysis performed with the least-squares method reveal that the increase in the labour force participation rate of the youth increased the youth unemployment, and there is an inverse proportional relationship between the inflation rate and the youth unemployment rate. It also shows that the increase in economic growth reduces youth unemployment, the increase in education expenditures decreases youth unemployment and the increase in foreign direct investment flows decreases youth unemployment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out in Adıyaman, Southeastern Anatolia Region, in order to determine what they perceive when preschool students say "music", through the art of painting. The pictures of the children were evaluated by using content and visual analysis techniques by constructing a phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods. The study group consisted of 44 five (5) year-old students studying at Latife Hanım Kindergarten in the Barbaros district of Adıyaman city center in the 2019-2020 academic year. A4 size paper and pastel crayons were used as a painting material. "What comes to your mind when you say music?" they were asked to make a picture about this subject. In addition, when the paintings were completed, the students were interviewed about their paintings and asked what they wanted to tell by two teachers who were experts in the field of painting and were transcribed. As a result of the analysis of the pictures, six categories were identified as listening to music concept, instruments and other equipment, dancing with music, playing instruments, venues where music was performed and other activities with music. A total of fifty codes for these categories have been determined. Furthermore, a ninety-one frequency value was determined indicating the number of times the codes were repeated. According to findings, more often electronic devices and drum and pestle duo are frequently used in Adıyaman. This may indicate that the living environment is effective in children's perception of music. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an attempt to achieve perfect English language proficiency, all learners face the same issue: the inevitable use of their L1 in an English classroom. Various studies have identified different attitudes and reasons for teachers' and students' L1 use in English classroom. The aim of this paper is to identify teachers' attitude towards L1 use and reveal the reason for their particular attitude through the use of the open-ended questionnaires. Teachers' attitude was distinguished in terms of teachers' and students' L1 use. Apart from that teachers' questionnaires attempted to identify activities that are best carried out through L1 and TL. As this study comprises teachers from universities of Turkey and Kyrgyzstan the difference between their attitudes has been also investigated. Qualitative data obtained from the questionnaires was collected, coded and analyzed with the help of the NVivo12 software program. The research findings revealed that overall attitude of teachers towards their own use of L1 is positive. However substantial difference has been observed between the attitudes of Turkish and Kyrgyz teachers. Results obtained from teachers' survey revealed that majority of teachers from Turkish context tend to have positive attitude with regard to teachers' L1 employment than their Kyrgyz colleagues. Moreover no considerable difference has been observed in terms of the teachers' attitude towards students' L1 use. Similarly no substantial difference has been observed between the attitudes of Turkish and Kyrgyz teachers towards students' use of L1. Finally, activities best carried out through L1 and TL based on the teachers' view have been listed and discussed. Research findings also revealed that teachers and students employed L1 mainly for pedagogical reasons. Results also suggest that limited and judicious use of L1 can be served as a facilitating tool to improve TL proficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The decision of supplier selection is critical for companies to be successful. With the selection of the most appropriate supplier, the goods or services needed can be provided at the lowest cost, highest quality, from the right source, and at the right time. The study aims to determine the most suitable supplier for the supply of steel pipe fittings, which is one of the investment materials for a company operating in the natural gas distribution sector. In this context, it is essential to select the appropriate supplier in the purchasing activities because the materials to be purchased will occupy an essential place in the budget, the necessity of quality products, and the delays in the delivery time affect the whole operation. This paper deals with the implementation of the analytical hierarchy process for the selection of the most suitable steel pipe fittings supplier in a natural gas company. The lack of academic and sectoral studies for the selection of suppliers in the natural gas sector increases the importance of the study. The analytical hierarchy process method was used to determine the weight of the criteria and to rank the suppliers. As a result of the study, a positive application has been revealed about the applicability of AHP method for the supplier selection process in natural gas distribution companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neoclassicalparadigm underlies orthodox idea that is based on traditions and accepted applications in the economics discipline. In this paper "economics" of neoclassical paradigm is characterized as the dismal science. The concept of "dismal science" that was first used by Scottish historian Thomas Carlyle in 1849 was used in this research as a critique of being Neoclassical paradigm complex, contradictory, incomprehensible and abstract than the realities. The series critiques that are directed to the Neoclassical paradigm which has maintained its dominance in the economy discipline over a century is the reason for this characterization. Some of these critiques are as follows; making mathematics an end rather than a means to explain economic events; neglecting the social, institutional and historical side of the economics; loyalty to the assumptions of utopian perfect competition market; ignoring the risk and uncertainties in the decision-making process. It is a stubborn fact within this framework that the Neoclassical paradigm cannot find a solution for modern economic problems and moves away from economic reality. The foundation of this research was to criticize the Neoclassical paradigm of Italian economist Piero Sraffa (one of the most important theoreticians of economic thought in the twentieth century) in terms of Alfred Marshall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is; to examine and compare the bases of "computerized individualized tests" (BOB tests) which began to be used more with the importance given to individuality by measurement and evaluation and "short answer questions" which begin to ask the examination of OSYM and Anadolu University in Turkey. Literature review model was used in the study and the data were obtained from related domestic and foreign literature. First of all, one of the most important elements of the program, "measurement and evaluation" was assessed and the disadvantages brought about by the use of paper pencil tests which are still in use today were investigated. With the development of technology, besides the increasing importance of individualism in the measurement and evaluation process, computer aided alternative tests used in this computer and technology, and the availability of short answer items in computerized individualized tests are discussed. At the end of the study, the purpose of using the advanced technology and accordingly the education of the computers in the measurement and evaluation phase is stated and the importance of short answer materials which can be preferred because of the advantages that are provided by the reliability and the practitioner, which are the result of new quests in measurement and evaluation in education was emphasized. It is aimed to fill the gap in the field created by the work done and to contribute to the writing of the field related to short answer test system in computerized individualized tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When we talk about the concept of love or beloved in our classical poetry, one of the first poets that comes to mind is Nedim. He expressed these feelings rather freely and boldly. He was attracted to beautiful ladies and had many affairs and spoke about his feelings of material love and care. Such feelings, obviously, existed long before Nedim. It is the philosophy of Hadari Poetry that forms the basis of Nedim's poetry. The foundation of this philosophy was laid by Ömer b. ebi Rebia. The existence of such feelings in poetry reached its peak during the period of Umayyad Caliphate which had its roots during the first and second Abbasid periods. This kind of poetry reached Nedim traveling through the time-tunnel. When the poetry of Nedim and others, belonging to this school, compared there appears a significant similarity which is the argument of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explore the Qur'an in relation to scientific truths. After briefly touching on the development of this dichotomy throughout history, we discuss the Qur'an in terms of its main purposes, being a guide of belief, universality, and its connections with scientific truths. The paper points to the disciplines of scientific exegesis of the Qur'an (al-tafsir al-ilm: pertaining to any relevance between the scripture and any scientific finding) and Qur'an's miraculousness (i'jaz al-ilm: considering a confirmed scientific truth referred to in the Qur'an as an evidence for its miraculous divine nature) in addition to other general principles in dealing with the scripture's relevance to scientific truths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities are institutions which execute research and educational facilities. In order to implement these facilities, the role of libraries of which main aim is to provide information providing services is very important. There is close relationship between the quality of these services and the resources that university libraries have own. The studies revealed that the resources of university libraries in Turkey are not enough. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the present condition of Atatürk University Library (AUK) in terms of staff resource, physical situations, budget and collection. Keeping this aim in mind, in this paper firstly, the comparison of Atatürk University Library's resources with other 45 university libraries in Turkey is made. After that, again the possibilities of Ataturk University Library are compared with other university libraries in Turkey of which characteristic are same as Ataturk University's. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities are institutions which execute research and educational facilities. In order to implement these facilities, the role of libraries of which main aim is to provide information providing services is very important. There is close relationship between the quality of these services and the resources that university libraries have own. The studies revealed that the resources of university libraries in Turkey are not enough. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the present condition of Atatürk University Library (AUK) in terms of staff resource, physical situations, budget and collection. Keeping this aim in mind, in this paper firstly, the comparison of Atatürk University Library's resources with other 45 university libraries in Turkey is made. After that, again the possibilities of Ataturk University Library are compared with other university libraries in Turkey of which characteristic are same as Ataturk University's. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, public relations practices at local government and also, which public relations practices used in sample of Erzurum is being studied. To determine the situaiton of Erzurum which is a metropolitan municipality in Eastern Anatolian region by this paper is crucial, because of have not yet been studied from this point of. And this paper is given crucial clue about the others municipalities in Eastern Anatolian region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many new methods have currently been used in foreign language teaching. One of these methods is computer assisted language learning. Many schools have been trying to give new and permanent knowledge with their computer labs and they try to develop their students' listening, speaking, reading, test solving and communication skills and university teachers or lecturers try to develop their students' language skills with some web-sites in the schools which have no computer labs. This kind of usage has advantages for students in terms of pedagogy. This paper is about the web-sites which we can use while teaching English and their advantages and the feedback which will be received from the listeners will be considered. It is thought that colleagues who teach English will use this paper and it hoped that this paper will make contribution to language teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper first focuses on the basic reasons of intolerance; and then maintains that classical notion of toleration common since John Locke and Immanuel Kant is insufficient for overcoming obstacles of living together with a peace and harmony in the present conditions of a multicultural European Society based on liberal democratic tradition in politics. The paper second tries to show that some philosophical justifications for toleration as indulgence, forbearance or endurance made by Hobbes, Bayle and Locke are also inconvenience and weak foundations for building and protecting a multicultural society as well as for preventing conflicts of civilizations. From this point, the paper third suggests that we need a notion of toleration based on the idea of justice and respect to other; and explicates it in details. The Paper fourth pays attention to the role and place of Islam and Turk identity in the making of multicultural Europe and points out some logical fallacies and discourse mistakes by some Europeans. The paper finally ends with a proposal that we should enforce the mutual and reasonable tolerance as rational agents who can see the world from other's perspective for a well-based multicultural society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The making of civilization for a religion is very much dependent on the existence of Sages who developed a language of universality. By the same taken, it can be suggested that a given civilization owes its existence, as well as its dynamism and continuity, to such great personalities. Mevlânâ is a good example in that respect. Because Mevlânâ is one of the greatest men who have survived throughout the ages representing plurality and multiplicity of Islamic civilization he was born into and continue to be the one of the best known, if not the best known, sage in different cultural and religious territories. But despite the degree of his popularity, the concepts, definitions and descriptions he used or he developed within the Sûfi paradigm he belongs to have been widely misunderstood as in the case of reason. The popular maxim about the concept of reason in sûfi thought try to make us believe that the reason in Sûfism is categorically negated and Mevlânâ represents no exception in that regard. The purpose of this paper is to open to discussion this very maxim and suggest that the concept of reason in Mevlânâ as well as in Sûfi thought in general is not negated as popularly believed. Although it may seem to an ordinary mind a bit paradoxical, sûfi approach to reason, in fact, open up new horizons to reason by calling its limits into question. In other words, in Mevlânâ, and in Sûfism in general, reason is such an important concept that without its guidance Sûfi experience has no value on its own right. The paper will also bring into attention that the Sûfi teaching and that of Mevlânâ may offer to the problems in contemporary thoughts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to enquire into the function of `argument from beauty' for the existence of God. The paper begins with the idea of cosmos and its logical dimensions; next, It discusses the thoughts of some contemporary philosophers about the beauty; then, with a clearer knowledge, It attempts to compare their thoughts to the traditional Islamic ones in this subject; and, finally, It seeks a synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at exploring the harmony between theism and the basic paradigm of the so-called "big bang theory", which has been sustained for explaining the existence of the universe, by claiming that big bang theory supported theistic arguments in a new and powerful manner. In this context, the paper will discuss the relationship between the- ism and big bang theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While creating human being, Allah (God) has given people the ability of speaking to be able to express their feelings, thoughts, desires and needs. As the time passes, human beings started using body language besides verbal language. In the same period, there have been two different ways of expression: one is orally, and the other is bodily. In Arabic language, while talking about expression, first thing considered is verbalization which is related to colloquial language. There are many highly detailed books written about this subject. This paper tries to identify the expression as a body language. According to Cahiz, the expression has five functions including speaking, writing, gesture, the tongue of disposition, and account of hand. The paper mainly interested in gesture, the tongue of disposition and hand account which forms body language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Notablier forms of accumulation formed by rivers, which the most effective external force on the world, are the deltas. These landforms, which formed on accumulated sediment depositions by rivers at different times, have alluvial soil that show large variety in characteristics at short distances. The aim of this paper was determine and classify to the physical and chemical properties of different soils formed on alluvial soil in the Gönen River Delta. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software ArcGIS/ArcMap 10 packages software was used on mapping stage of the work which was performed based on scale 1:25.000 topographic map. Soil profiles were opened on three different segments of the delta and physical and chemical properties of soil samples, taken from here, have been analyzed. After all, alluvial soils in the delta was determined to limy and moderately water saturated. However, towards the coastal part of the delta of the soil structure was identified to gained an acidic character. In the delta-soil, in which the same value as the ratio of phosphorus, the proportion of potassium changes has been determined. It has been revealed the existence of classes of detail soil shaped like that Aquent and Fluvent are sub-ordo; Fluvaquent ve Xerofluvent are whole group; Typic Fulvaquent and Vertic Xerofluvent are sub-groups in the Gönen River Delta, where the soil is located ordo-Entisol according to soil taxonomy. All in all, it has been observed to the geomorphological features of delta have a dominant influence on soil properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After Darwin's theory of evolution, evolutionists met Stanley Miller's experiment eagerly in their periods and began to advocate the view of life can emerge spontaneously with vigor. Overview of this theory is based on the idea that all the living things of life on Earth was founded and developed by chance and descended from a common ancestor. It has been proposed that especially human came in possession of this present manner by evolving from a creature known as Primat Ape. This opinion seems to be adopted bysome Muslim researchers, today. In this paper, we will focus on evolutionists' misconceptions and the fact that human is not originated from a primitive creature, but came into exzistence as a unique entity and created from soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Syrian people began to take refuge in Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Egypt and Turkey upon the outbreak of the civil war in 2011. While the Arabic language is spoken in Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq and Egypt, Turkish language is spoken in Turkey. For this reason, Turkish becomes a different language for the refugees. They began to learn it via various institutions. One of these institutions is Yaşar Torun Youth Center. This paper aims to reveal the Syrian refugees' perceptions of the Turkish language through metaphors. To do so, those 52 refugees having learned Turkish on A2 level have been wanted to fill in such blanks as "Turkish is like..., because...". So the research data is acquired. Content analysis technique has been used to examine the data. It is ascertained as a result of the research that most of the participant refugees (96,2 %) has developed positive metaphors about Turkish, while the rest (3,8 %) has developed negative metaphors. The positive part developed such metaphors as mother and chess. These metaphors can be categorized as estimation, communication, harmony, enlightenment, language structure, vocabulary, interlingual interaction and individual difference. The negative part has developed baby and rule metaphors which are categorized as negative attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Almohad State was founded in 515 / 1121 as a movement of revolt against the Almoravid State in the Maghreb bafter Ibn Tumart was recognised as Mahdi. His successors Abdulmümin and his sons followed in his steps, trying to rule in accordance with the principles that Ibn Tumart had laid down. In this connection, they always held him in high esteem and inscribed his name on their flag and coins. They prayed for him during their Friday sermons and made use of his books in education. The caliphs of the Almohads traditionalised visitations to his grave and were buried beside him when they passed away. After (624-629/1127-1232), the ninth governor of the Almohads, became the ruler, he decided to abolish everything connected with Ibn Tumart and announced all the practices that he had introduced as innovations (against Islam) and cursed him. Thus Mamun revolutionised the political route and identity of the state with radical decisions 110 years after the establishment of the state. The present paper deals with Mamun's efforts to abolish Ibn Tumart's prenciples through a counterrevolution after he became the head of the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the phenomenology of religions. The issue is studied by utilizing Turkish translation of writings and books of religion phenomenologists' and studies of domestic researchers. This study aims to first form an original text by surveying, simplifying and clarifying existing texts on the phenomenology of religions and then aims to emphasize the importance of the phenomenology of religions toward understanding the religions. This study points that both the phenomenology of religions and mystics point the same direction and qibla. If humanity takes a step toward a common temple, a certain direction and a return to the same essence, one of the important connections will be the phenomenology of religions. From this point, it is concluded that hopes for "the kingdom of god", "universal church", "Salvation", "the peace of world", "absolute justice" can be fulfilled through the phenomenology of religions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of the communication tools, the spread of multinational companies and increase of international capital movements accelerated with the proliferation of the impact of globalization and has provoked the changes on the nation-state structure. What is the impact of the globalization that transforming the political actors and their roles on democratization and the emergence of new organizational models? This paper aims to analyze the globalization process and the changes that this process has produced in the political life and their relationships with each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Muslim Arab women touted for years as passive, submissive and fatalistic by the westerners. However, thanks to the Arab awakening against the oppressive regimes in the Middle East and Nord African countries this perception has quite changed. During the Arab Spring women were an integral partner in the struggle, demanding political changes and democracy to achieve democracy, justice, and political rights. They have become the most important actress of the political struggle but what impact did the Arab Spring has on women's rights? What are the policies of the new Islamic administrations on the women's rights? Is Islam a barrier for this? This paper aims to study Islam and women's rights, women's struggle for their political and civil rights and the change of their image with the Arab Spring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pursuit of integrating acting theories and techniques into teacher education has been going on for more than three decades, but these studies have never resulted in a hot debate in teacher education. The contemporary studies point out that taking teacher as a performing artist and investing in teacher competences in terms of the variables that relate to acting skills significantly contribute to nonverbal communication skills, nonverbal immediate behavior, teacher enthusiasm and development process of teacher identity. The purpose of this paper is to introduce these influential studies to Turkish educational community and to present the necessary further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to explain, with examples, the function, role, and contribution of modern metaphor theory in relation to foreign language teaching. In that sense, according to modern metaphor theory, a metaphor is not only an element of literature, rhetoric, lecturing, and poetry, but a complete and wholistic segment of human culture that dominates human's cultural experience. In this study, by building onto the work of Lakoff and Johnson, awareness raising towards cultural metaphors is aimed which can contribute to foreign language teaching classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Muhammed Kürd Alî is from Syria and he is a well known writer in Arabic literature world as science, literature, research and translation. He is the first chairperson of Arabic Language Academia. In our work, we studied his life and the first steps of his scientific and cultural life story. It is seen that he gave us a lot of cultural inherits like translating, Arabicising, literature papers and researches, books and manuscript verifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the ideas of medieval thinkers (scholastics) on economic matters. These thinkers rather dealt with ethical issues and considered economic questions in this context. Scholastics who were under the influence of old Greek philosophers, Christianity and teachings of Church fathers, analyzed important economic concepts like wealth, riches, property, and money. Scholastics that firstly severely criticized and even condemned topics such as trade, interest, and profit, later mitigated their attitudes by taking into consideration the changing economic, social, and political conditions of the time. Those who lived in the last centuries of the middle ages, went beyond the boundaries of the scholastic thought, made more realistic analyses, and thus gave way to the birth and development of capitalist system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the "make-up prayer" as it is referred to in the Qur'an and the Sunnah, the two cardinal sources of İslâm, laying down the varying perspectives of scholars of Qur'anic exegesis (tafsir), the Prophetic tradition (hadith), and jurists. It has been noted that there is a consensus among scholars that make-up is necessary for the prayers that have been omitted because of sleep or forgetfulness. With the exception of Dawud al-Zahiri, Ibn Hazm, and Ibn Taymiyya, there is also consensus on the necessity of make-up for intentionally omitted prayers. This paper emphasizes the fact that those who argue in favor of no make-up for intentionally omitted prayers actually recognizes the make-up prayer as viable when they instead advise a more difficult option with plenty of voluntary prayers and good work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exchange rates have a strong effect over macroeconomic variables of a country. For this reason, preference of the exchange rate policy is one of the priorities of economics policies. The size, the degree of openness, the degree of financial development, the share in international trade, the macroeconomic targets which are aimed to succeed of the economy, and the international organisations to which the country belongs, effect the choice of exchange rate. When exchange rate policy is determined, constitute of the cambium regime which includes legal and administrative regulations that consistent with these policies have important function. In this study, it is investigated how much cambium regime supports the exchange rate policy in Turkey from 1923 till now. In this paper, relationship between the cambium regime and the exchange rate policy is examined under three main title of Pre1980 Period in which the constant exchange rate system had been implemented, Post 1980 Period which is the transition period to free market economy, and Post 2001 Period which is the transition period is to floating exchange rate system. In consequence of study, except someperiods, cambium regime which is implemented in Turkey did not support the exchange rate policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is possible to evaluate such works as words of Qur'an (al kaleemat al Qur'an) as the first al tafseer books. Writing of this type of works, even in different ways and methods, has come up to the present time. In my opinion, these works not only have an important functionality for the past period, but also for this time also. In this paper, we try to examine these works in terms of methodology, purpose, possibility and limits as well as their sorty history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his novella named Returning to Haifa, Palestinian writer Ghassan Kanafânî tells the story of a Palestinian couple who were forced to flee from Haifa leaving their infant child behind because of the military action in the streets of the city at 1948. After 20 years when Israel opened the borders after 1967 war they went back to Haifa. Israeli writer Sami Michael deals with the same story after thirty five years. Michael narrates the tragedy of young Nabile who lives in Haifa at 1948. She leaves her baby to look the events in the streets and was not able to return her home then. In this paper, in the context of the characters we will focus on how the same story was held in two different novels. Then we will examine analytically the parallelism, similarities and differences between the two novels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a negrees, Seyyide Rasad's, struggle for power in the Fatimid state will be analized. Seyyide Rasad, after the accession of her son Mustansir to the throne as khalif in his very young age, assumed the position of regency. This position gave her the opportunity to strengthen her influence in the state. So that she recruited fifty thousands of negroes and used them on her behalf against to the Turkish regiments who were very powerfull at that time. But the struggle between the Turks and the Negroes led the country to destruction and worsened the economic conditions of the people. At the end, the Turks wiped out the Negroes and Seyyide Rasad give up the struggle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a study oriented toward determining cognitive levels and attitudes of the students of 6th classes (First Education) on Dede Korkut Epic and national values has been discussed. The study is about the scanning model and has a descriptive quality. Standard of knowledge of primary education students oriented toward national values in the Dede Korkut Epic has been determined. By revealing social life, social structure, beliefs and customs of Turkish culture in the core of the Dede Korkut Epic, it has been searched thoroughly how far those students know and need about their national and moral values which stem from the core of the epic. In other words, in order to put the social structure on a sound basis, the success of the individuals oriented toward national culture and values in the Dede Korkut Epic has been determined. In the study, a reliability has been tested on 315 students and also a success test and attitude scales have been implemented on 54 students formed by experimental and controlling groups which is chosen randomly. At the end of the application, the data collected have been loaded on the computer and the existing situation has been evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, it has been tried to show what kinds of meanings of the ... verb and its derivatives have in Arabic Language and Qur'an by referring to the Qur'an Exegesises (tafseer) and the sources of Arabic Literature and by giving some examples from them. In the last section, it has been thought over the the meaning of the expression ... of because that the verb ... has been used mostly with the word ... (prayer); and it has been tried to draw a conclusion from that. This study intends to be able to understand well about Quranic verses including the verb in question and its derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kutadgu Bilig which is accepted as a first siyasetname of Turk-Islam literature is not just an advice book and it is also not a didactic religion book. Yusuf Has Hacip, the writer of the book, aimed to create a life philosophy which makes human beings to be happy on earth and afterlife. When the background of the book is analyzed, decisiveness of the system of Islamic essences is noticed. Studying the book completely under this perspective goes beyond this work. Because of that, this paper is aimed to study death and the belief of afterlife which are the basic notions of life philosophy and the reference points that formalize these notions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of this paper is Hagios Anargyros Monastery Church in the Güzelyurt borough of Aksaray. Güzelyurt is located as a historical settlement which located in southwestern Cappadocia was knew as Karballa in Ancient times and also called Gelveri in Medieval Age. The aim of this study is examining circumstances of Hagios Anargyros Monastery Church and make her known with their details by searching architectural and ornamental characteristics on account of Byzantine art and architectural history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of this paper is Hagios Anargyros Monastery Church in the Güzelyurt borough of Aksaray. Güzelyurt is located as a historical settlement which located in southwestern Cappadocia was knew as Karballa in Ancient times and also called Gelveri in Medieval Age. The aim of this study is examining circumstances of Hagios Anargyros Monastery Church and make her known with their details by searching architectural and ornamental characteristics on account of Byzantine art and architectural history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Es'ad Efendi is a prominent Sufi who lived between 1847-1931, acted as the chairman of Majlis al Mashayih (Assembly of Sheikhs), lead the publishing of the journal named Jarida al-Sufiyya, acted as the master (sheikh) of Kelami Dergah (Sufi Lodge), and who has spiritual authority both from Naqshi and Qadiri Sufi paths. Divan is one of the greatest divans written in the last centuries. The Divan of Esad Efendi is full of symbols and poems which should be commentated on due to the clues it give from the realm of imagination. This paper first introduces the Divan of Esad Efendi, explains and comments on the metaphors mentioned in the Divan, and finally states the meanings of such metaphors in the terminology of Sufism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the time when the Turks opted for Islam a classical literature, which was a common product of the Arabs and Iranians, had already developed and thus some certain literature principles had already been established. There were some common and unalterable rules in language, meter, literary forms and types, understanding of life and universe, and aesthetical glance and it was impossible to go beyond these rules. Regardless of the degree of conservation of its cultural and civilizational elements, every nation which entered the Islamic culture and civilization would be obliged to express their feelings and thoughts with those patterns. Not only the Turks but also the other nations which have entered the Islamic circles have been compelled to obey these prototypes of the literature of the Islamic community. Iranian poetry, after acceptance of Islam, started with taking Arab poetry as example and has developed with some additions. Likewise, Turkish literature has started with modeling Iranian Islamic poetry and has developed with its peculiar utterance depth. This paper dwells upon our relations with Iranian literature through our literature history and it explores these relations with their general features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is about to examine how regulators can be benefited from conjectural variation method to prevent pollution while taxing firms in oligopoly markets. In this paper, it is assumed that regulators have perfect information about demand, cost and the technologies that firms use to reduce pollution. On the other hand, the level of the optimal rate of taxation is ignored. The basis for conjectural variation method is constituted by the reactions of firms towards each others' behaviors. By looking at these reactions, regulators can easily determine whether a firm behaves according to Bertrand, Cournot or Cartel models. And, this helps to reduce pollution significantly by increasing the impact of emission tax. Although the structure of markets is a significant factor in the measurement of the social cost of tax, some problems are confronted when calculating that cost. In addition, it has been observed ad valorem taxation is superior to specific taxation in terms of welfare in oligopolistic markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study it has been measured relatively performance in 2003-2004-2005-2006 at the Turkish Banking System. At this paper, it is considered as input personal numbers, department numbers, and total assets and as output total credits and net current profits. For this purpose, using Data Envelope Analysis, it has been aimed to measure the performance of our country banks among the 2003-2006. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the problem of poverty that has an important place among the socio-economic problems of present societies has occupied increasingly the agenda of Turkey. The increasing social sentiment over the poverty tries to minimize the problem through non-governmental organization and associations, and it seems that a number of associations have made a considerable use of religiosity in their attempts to increase the present sentimentality and to create concrete sources. In this paper, we have tried to evaluate the visible rise of the religiosity in recent years in some social fields which once was assumed to decrease gradually or even to disappear, with reference to the example of non-governmental organizations that have focused on the poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, meaning, definition and history of human factors engineering (ergonomics) is being studied. Besides, the general framework, aims of ergonomics is being constituted; the main application fields of this concept in Turkey and the world is being discussed and the relationships of ergonomics with different concepts are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the English language is taught in primary schools, secondary schools, high schools and in universities. Moreover, it is also taught in some nursery schools. But the level of the English language is different in every school. A person who teaches English in an international context must have some skills. These skills can be listed as follows: competence in communication and linguistic knowledge. The linguistic skill can be used in all areas of language teaching and it is also an indispensable factor in teaching a language as an international language. This paper deals with teaching English as an interternational language. The views of language specialists on teaching the English language as an international language, comments which were received after reading these views, the definition of global English, intercultural communication and the information on teaching English in the English-medium programmes in different countries have been told. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]