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This study aimed to determine the Development of Spring roll using Wrapper with Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus japonicus) Flakes and if there were significant differences in the Development of Spring roll using Wrapper with Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus japonicus) Flakes using three different proportions of ingredients per treatment in terms of aroma, color, flavor, texture and general acceptability. The present investigation employed experimental design to establish the level of acceptability of the Development of Spring roll using Wrapper with Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus Japonicus) Flakes. There are three treatments subjected for evaluation using a Researcher made Survey questionnaire. These were Treatments A, B, and C. There were fifteen (15) trained panels composed of faculty of NIPSC Ajuy Campus that were purposely selected to evaluate the product. The data gathered were analyzed using the mean, standard deviation and the Friedman’s Test (Freidman’s ANOVA). The criterion for rejection and acceptance of hypothesis was set at 0.05 level of significance. The study was conducted at NIPSC-Ajuy Campus, during the 2nd Semester of School Year 2020-2021. The findings were based on the data and the results of the analysis obtained were as follows: Treatment B with 150 grams of threadfin bream flakes was found to be “extremely acceptable” and comparable with the commercial spring roll wrappers (Treatment A) in terms of aroma, color, taste, texture, and general acceptability. No significant differences was found out in the acceptability of the Development of Spring roll using Wrapper with Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus japonicus) Flakes in terms of aroma, color, taste, texture, and general acceptability. Spring roll using Wrapper with Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus japonicus) Flakes has suggested retail price of P2.65 which is more than 100 % higher compared to the commercial spring roll wrapper with selling price of P1.00 per piece. Finally, it was recommended that continuous research and development shall be pursued in case commercialization of Spring roll using Wrapper with Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus japonicus) Flakes is considered especially in the cost aspects. A feasibility study shall be conducted first before commercialization is pursued. Other pelagic fishes shall also be ventured and tested to fortify spring roll wrapper. Although results positive results in terms of acceptability, researcher shall look into possible ways to lower the cost of the product to ensure profitability. The Municipality of Ajuy along with the academic community and research authorities to take action on making researches that shall promote the utilization of pelagic fishes in the town. This actions shall enable the economic development of the town that can help resolve poverty and shortage of food in the Municipality of Ajuy. The said activities shall also promote entrepreneurial spirit especially the small and local businesses in the community

Quality control over the catch of fishermen in the Branta Fishery Port, Pamekasan is still not well-implemented. This study was aimed to evaluate the quality of kurisi fish meat based on the value of the Total Plate Count (TPC), diversity and total heterotrophic bacteria and pathogens on TSA, EMB, SSA, and TCBS media. The heterotrophic bacterial TPC (TSA) value was 8.59 Log CFU/g with 7 species diversity and the highest total of species abundance was between 2-336 colonies (BH3). The pathogenic bacterial TPC (EMB) value was 3.72 Log CFU/g with 6 species diversity and the highest total of species abundance was between 784-1009 colonies (BPE4). The BPE1 bacterial isolate which was metallic green was suspected to be Escherichia coli. The pathogenic bacterial TPC (SSA) value was 4.12 Log CFU/g with 5 species diversity and the highest total of species abundance was between 35-450 colonies (BPS1), and the BPS1 bacterial isolate which was black was suspected to be Salmonella sp. The pathogenic bacterial TPC (TCBS) value was 5.41 Log CFU/g with 2 species diversity and the highest total of species abundance was between 0-44 colonies (BPT1). The green and yellow BPT1 and BPT2 bacterial isolate were suspected to be Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus.

The third stage larvae (L3) of Anisakis typica were detected in 2 species of threadfin bream, Nemipterus hexodon and N. japonicus, from the Gulf of Thailand, and were morphologically and molecularly characterized. Total 100 threadfin breams, 50 Nemipterus hexodon and 50 N. japonicus, were examined with naked eyes after the opening of abdominal cavity with scissors. Almost all infected larvae remained alive and active even the fish were transported for 1-2 days. Anisakid larvae were exclusively distributed in the body cavity and rarely in the liver. The prevalence of A. typica L3 were 68.0% and 60.0% in N. hexodon and N. japonicus and their infection intensities were 3.5 and 4.2 per fish infected each. Morphological and morphometric analysis were performed by viewing specimens under both a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Interestingly, the protruded mucron of Anisakis typica under SEM showed a distinct cylindrical shape that differed from the cone shape of A. simplex. The protruded mucron could be used to identify A. typica L3 larvae in the future. A comparison of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA nucleotide sequences of these species revealed high blast scores with A. typica. Conclusively, it was confirmed that A. typica L3 are prevalent in threadfin breams from the Gulf of Thailand, and their morphological and molecular characters are something different from those of other anisakid larvae, including A. simplex and A. pegreffii.

In this study, chitosan coatings incorporated with propolis extract (PE) were utilized to extend the shelf-life of refrigerated Nemipterus japonicus fillets. Microbiological (total mesophilic bacteria (TMB) and total psychrotrophic count (TPC)), physicochemical (pH, total volatile bases nitrogen (TVB-N), 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free fatty acid (FFA)) and sensory (color, odor and preference) characteristics of coated fillets were evaluated during 12days. The results showed that incorporating PE into chitosan solution could significantly (P0.05) improve the quality of fish fillets. The results showed that the chitosan+PE samples reduced the extent of lipid oxidation, as judged by TBARS and FFA, suggesting that there is a synergistic effect between chitosan coating and propolis. Moreover, the application of chitosan coatings with PE improved the TVB-N and pH values of the Nemipterus japonicus samples significantly compared to untreated sample, thus extending the shelf life of Nemipterus japonicus fillet approximately10days. All wrapped fillets in treatment samples incorporated with PE had lower bacterial counts compared to control (P0.05). However, the bacterial counts of chitosan coating combined with PE were lower than those treated by chitosan or PE alone during the storage. The fillets treated with chitosan and PE had the best sensory properties. The increase (10days) in the shelf-life was attributed to the antioxidant and antimicrobial characteristics of chitosan and PE. These results confirmed that chitosan coating enriched with PE can be an improving method to reducing deterioration of refrigerated Nemipterus japonicus fillets.

Food composition of Nemipterus japonicus was studied by analyzing about 600 specimens from Tha-baw-seik (Lat. 14° 05' and long. 98° 05' E), Myanmar during October 2016 to September 2017. Based on the stomach content analysis, the relative importance index (IRI value) was calculated, and the predator feeding strategies were conducted during the study period. This study showed that N. japonicus is a generally demersal carnivore, and its trophic spectrum was composed of 23 food items. Among them, algae had not been described as a food item for N. Japonicus in the other previous studies. Crustaceans were the most dominant diet in the guts in term of the IRI value. Also, fish items were commonly the most dominant food followed by prawn, crab, and Acetes spp in all length groups but sex variation had no significant food changes with their IRI value.

This study represents the concentrations of 16 PAHs in a commercial aquatic species Sauridaund squamis; Euthynnus affinis; Rhabdosargus haffara; Argyrops Spinifer; Nemipterus Japonicus, Oreochromis...

Background: Heteraxinoides atlanticus Gayevskaya et Kovaleva (1979) is described from the locality of Arabian Sea, India. This monogenean species is first time reported from India, infesting the gills of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch). The present study redescribes H. atlanticus and its phylogenetic status using morphometric and molecular tools. Methods: A total of 35 parasites were collected from the 234 specimens of Nemipterus japonicus at Mumbai, India. The temporary and permanent mounts were prepared for the morphometric analyses of H. atlanticus. For PCR, the genomic DNA was isolated from the parasites using primers for 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA and mtCOI gene. The obtained DNA sequences were subjected to different bioinformatics softwares (BLASTn, Clustal Omega and MEGA) for phlyogenetic analyses.Result: Phylogenetic analyses with the help of partial 18S and 28S rDNA sequences of H. atlanticus and other available sequences of heteraxinids provided the better understanding of relationship in the family Heteraxinidae. Another species, H. karachiensis Hadi and Bilqees (2014) showed similar morphological features such as number of clamps and structure of genital atrium to H. atlanticus except few minor differences, so it must be considered as synonym of H. atlanticus and placed into Heteraxinidae instead of Axinidae.

The present study was aimed at investigating the effect of inclusion of green tea leaf (GTE) extract (at 3 and 6% levels) in the icing medium employed during the chilled storage (2±1°C) of Japanese threadfin bream Nemipterus japonicus .Fish stored in normal ice (NI)was treated as control. Changes in microbiological, biochemical and sensory quality characteristics were monitored during the period of storage. Multivariate comparison was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) for the mean sensory, microbiological and chemical attributes. Samples stored in normal ice (NI) had only 8 days shelf life whereas both 3% GTE and 6% GTE stored samples had a shelf life of 16 days. From an economic point of view 3% GTE can be adopted for preservation of fish and there was no significant difference in the parameters between 3 and 6% GTE levels. Visualisation by PC plots clearly separated the investigated samples according to storage conditions, thus indicating the importance of GTEI treatment. The present study indicated that the application of GTE in ice (GTEI) is a promising technique to increase the shelf life of N.japonicus in chilled condition and hence the technique can be commercially exploited. Keywords: Chilled storage, Green tea leaf extract, Nemipterus japonicus , Principal component analysis, Shelf life

Threadfin bream ( Nemipterus japonicus ) is an important marine fish species used in the preparation of surimi. The waste generated from surimi production contains large quantity of recoverable proteins, which could be utilised for byproduct development. In this study, Isoelectric precipitation (IEP) technique as a method to recover proteins from fish processing waste was attempted. The alkali aided IEP process extracted the fish protein isolate (FPI) efficiently with a yield of 84.13±0.11%. The highest protein yield was recorded at a homogenised sample to water ratio of 1:9. Maximum protein content was found at pH 13 with 19.63 ±0.52% yield. FPI extracted had higher protein content, less ash and low lipid contents compared to the fish processing waste. The mean yield and protein composition of FPI extracted atdifferent treatments of pH and sample to water ratiowere found to be significantly different (p

The Japanese threadfin bream N. japonicus (Bloch) (Perciformes: Nemipteridae) is an important marine food fish in Asia. However, our present knowledge of the occurrence of its nematode parasites is still limited. In the present study, the species composition and infection rate of ascaridoid nematodes in N. japonicus from the South China Sea, were studied for the first time. Five ascaridoid species, namely Anisakis typica (L3), Hysterothylacium amoyense (L3), Hysterothylacium sp. IV-A (L3), adult of H. thalassini and Raphidascaris lophii (L3), were identified using integrative taxonomy. Hysterothylacium amoyense was the most prevalent species (prevalence 47.2%, mean intensity 14.9 ± 17.1). Hysterothylacium thalassini and R. lophii were reported in the Japanese threadfin bream for the first time. Two different genotypes of A. typica (overall prevalence of 3.4%; mean intensity 1.7 ± 0.9) were found in the South China Sea for the first time. The unique restriction polymorphism patterns of three species of Hysterothylacium are provided for rapid diagnosis. Our present results indicate that RFLP analysis of ITS region, using the restriction enzymes HhaI and RsaI, represents a simple and practical method for large-scale surveys of Hysterothylacium for seafood industry.

Fish mince from Pink perch (Nemipterus japonicus) in the concentration of 15% along with 85% refined wheat flour was used for the production of noodles. Optimisation of thermal process parameters were carried out and it was found Fo value of 7 min, cook value of 74.78 min and total process time of 36.04 min to be optimum for processing fish noodles in HIPP trays. Storage studies of ready-to-eat noodles at ambient temperature indicated a decrease in lightness. Yellowness and redness increased during the storage period. The instrumental texture analysis showed an increasing trend for hardness. Sensory analysis revealed that during storage, appearance, color and texture were mostly affected. Odor, flavor and taste were well accepted even at the end of storage period. Biochemical parameters were well within the limit of acceptability. Thermally processed ready-to-eat fish noodles had a shelf life of 90 days at ambient temperature (28 ± 2 °C).

This study was carried out to detect the parasites affecting Japanese threadfin bream (Nemipterus japonicus). A total of 150 specimens collected from Gulf of Suez- Red Sea in Egypt from November 2016 to April 2017. Specimens were subjected to clinical, postmortem and parasitological examinations for detection of nematode parasites. The clinical examination showed no pathognomic clinical abnormalities on the external body surface except abdominal distension. Postmortem examination revealed excessive mucus secretion and swelling in intestine. Only the endoparasite Hysterothylacium gadi (Muller, 1776) (Nematoda: Anisakidae) was recorded in the intestine and stomach of examined fish. The prevalence rate was 54.7% and the intensity of the infection ranged 1-3 worms per fish. The morphological characteristics of this species were described in details using light and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that females are larger than males. It is also shown that the cephalic region provided with three hexagonal-shaped lips separated from each other by three prominent interlabium; ventrolateral lips somewhat smaller. Dorsal lip provided on its surface with two double papillae, whereas both ventrolateral lips with one papilla and one small papilla. Interlabila are conical and their base is wider than length (Figs. 1&4). The worm was characterized by a broad lateral alae starting immediately below lips gradually narrowing posterioly and extending as narrow alae along whole body. A groove like structure is seen in the ventral surface of the body (Fig. 9). The tail is conical and tail tips of both sexes provided with numerous conical spines and the male has equal spicules.

The population structure of three Nemipterid species (Nemipterus japonicus, Nemipterus bipunctatus and Nemipterus zysron) from the Gulf of Suez was investigated. A total of 3663 specimens (2597 N. japonicus, 576 N. bipunctatus and 490 N. zysron) were collected during the fishing season 2014/2015 in the Gulf of Suez. The maximum life span estimated from otolith reading was 5 years for N. japonicus and N. bipunctatus while, it was 4 years for N. zysron. The parameters of von Bertalanffy growth equation were L∞ = 31.66 cm, K = 0.24 year−1 and to = −1.2 year for N. japonicus; L∞ = 29.55 cm, K = 0.26 year−1 and to = −1.2 year for N. bipunctatus and were L∞ = 24.69 cm, K = 0.38 year−1 and to = −0.84 year for N. zysron. The estimated exploitation rate for the three species exceeded the optimum exploitation rate, indicating an overexploitation of the nemipterid species in the Gulf of Suez. The yield per recruit analysis revealed that the fishing pressure of the trawling fleet in the Gulf of Suez, has overridden the critical level. Findings suggest that decrease in the fishing effort of trawl fishery and increase the length of the mesh size is required for the protection of the nemipteridae resources in the Gulf. Keywords: Trawl, Age and growth, Nemipterid species, Exploitation rate, Yield per recruit

The effect of freezing and frozen storage of threadfin bream fish (Nemipterus japonicus) meat on the setting and gel-forming ability has been evaluated. The dynamic viscoelastic properties of fish ...

The mid-water multiday trawl fishery along the north-west coast of India generally targets adult largehead hairtail, Trichiurus lepturus. Bycatch landed by the commercial mid-water multiday trawlers operated from Veraval harbor during August 2017–December 2019 was investigated by analyzing catch composition with respect to its spatial and temporal patterns. A total of 834 bycatch sample observations from mid-water trawl fishery were examined. Bycatch comprises of 123 species and account for 53.36% of the total catch. Highest composition in bycatch comprises of teleosts (62.09%), cephalopods (35.88%), crustaceans (1.47%) and elasmobranchs (0.56%) respectively. Uroteuthis duvaucelii, Sepia elliptica, Nemipterus japonicus, Otolithes cuvieri, S. pharaonis, Priacanthus hamrur, Sepiella inermis and Saurida tumbil were the dominant species with high annual average catches; and together contributed 50.30% of total bycatch. Discards formed 6.32% of total catch and consisted of 62 species belonging to 29 families. The most common discards were juveniles of S. tumbil, N. japonicus, Platycephalus indicus, O. cuvieri, Johnius glaucus and T. lepturus. CPUE of bycatch differed significantly between the seasons with the lowest being in summer and highest in post-monsoon period. Minimum bycatch rates were observed in the offshore waters than inshore waters. Endangered, Threatened and Protected (ETP) species listed in CITES as well as IUCN were also observed. The present study revealed that quantities of bycatch landed off northwest coast of India in the Arabian Sea were relatively higher than that landed by mid-water trawlers operating in other parts of the world. Hence the mid-water trawl fishery operating in north-west coast of India and targeting largehead hairtail needs to be closely monitored to mitigate and reduce the quantity of bycatch landed by them.

Spawning potential ratio (SPR) is an important parameter to ensure fish stock reproduction, recruitment, and sustainability. This approach more efficient and effective applied to poor and limited information and data to management. Therefore, we used the SPR approach in small scale fisheries, particularly on Nemipterus japonicus species in Labuan-Sunda Strait area. This research was conducted in the Labuan fish landing port from 2013 until 2019. The length data were collected each year and then analyzed using the basefoot ecologist toolbox application. The result has shown that SPR of N japonicus ranged from 1 to 6%, and it’s relatively low and potentially unsustainable. Fish length spawning at 50 percent (SL50) ranged from 139 mm to 196.29 mm. And then fish length spawning at 95% (SL95) from 160.39 to 243.54 mm). Furthermore, in 2013-2018 monitoring activity SPR relatively low and decrease every year, and first at breeding (50% and 95%) also decrease. It means the gonad maturity and SPR could be used as an indicator of fishing pressure and sustainability.

Summary Proper and sensible formulation of ingredients in noodles facilitates its calorie cut down thus making it healthier. Fish being a source of cheap and quality protein can serve in the fortification of noodles. Hence, a study was done to formulate and develop fish noodles from Nemipterus japonicus. D-optimal mixture experimental design with 15 runs was formulated to optimise the different levels of ingredients for noodles. Influence of different ingredients, viz. fish mince, wheat and refined wheat flour (maida) and potato starch, on the physical, cooking and sensory properties of fish noodles was evaluated. The protein content of noodles increased with increase in the fish mince incorporation. Water absorption capacity (WAC) was found to be directly related to the potato starch concentration. Positive correlation was observed between noodle protein content and cooking time. Desirability function scores revealed a noodle combination of 45% fish mince, 47% wheat: maida (1:1) mix and 8% potato starch as optimum.

The antioxidant activities and oxidative stability of palm olein frying oil added with threadfin bream (TFB) hydrolysate and Nanox 189 were studied. The DPPH radical scavenging activities and chelating effects of ferrous ion were evaluated and compared with α-tocopherol. Oxidative stability after 30 frying cycles were analysed for the induction period, free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide values (PV), total polar compounds (TPC), and viscosity. Palm olein without any antioxidant was used as control. Nanox 189 exhibited a higher percentage on the DPPH scavenging effect and ferrous ion chelating effect than TFB hydrolysate. Frying oil added with Nanox 189 recorded the longest induction period, which was up to 11 hr. while TFB hydrolysate added oil showed an induction period of nine hours. Nanox 189 addition in frying oil yielded the lowest FFA and PV, followed by those added with TFB hydrolysate. The highest readings of TPC were recorded for TFB hydrolysate added oil, which is 13%. Throughout the 30 frying cycles, the addition of TFB hydrolysate recorded a lower percentage increase for viscosity than Nanox 189 with 4.7% compared to the latter, which is 9.6%. Even though the antioxidant activities of TFB hydrolysate was lower than that of Nanox 189, the study suggested some antioxidant potential of TFB hydrolysate based on the DPPH radical scavenging activities and chelating effects of the ferrous ion as well as its ability to slightly improve the oxidative stability of palm olein during the 30 frying cycles.

This study aims to determine the occurrence of helminth endoparasites that infect threadfin bream from Fish Auction Place of Mayangan, Probolinggo, East Java, Indonesia. Helminth endoparasite found in the stomach, intestine (mucosa), and threadfin bream’s liver were third-stage larvae of Anisakis simplex type I. The prevalence of Anisakis simplex infected threadfin bream in sizes 10-16 cm was 5.71% and in sizes 17-25 cm was 17.1%. The differences in the prevalence of threadfin bream endoparasites in different sizes did not show a significant difference.

Nemipterus japonicus is one of the fish that caught in Blimbingsari Waters, Banyuwangi. This research aimed to determine the food composition of N. japonicus. Descriptive method was used in this study. Collecting data by survey and observation was taken out on Juli-August 2018. The samples were collected from fisherman at Blimbingsari. Data analysis used Index of Preponderance (IP). The results showed that the main food of the N. japonicus was shrimp (IP 62.55%), the complementary food was crab (IP 26.03%) and squid (IP 5.92%), the supplementary food was brittle star (IP 2.37%) and fish (IP 2.85%). Based on the composition of the food, N. japonicus was a type of carnivorous.

Prosopis cineraria (Ghaf) is not well known as a rich and sustainable source of protein for many people in the world. It emphasis on its broad food and non-food applications, nutritional values and health benefits. This research was carried out to meet the increasing demand of protein, alternative strategies and unconventional sources of protein for human and animal nutrition. This is probably the first research work which provides a comparative study between the protein content of ghaf leaves with different species of fish muscle protein. Fish muscle homogenate was prepared using ice cold distilled water. The muscle homogenate of Euthynnus affinis showed highest protein 137.5 mg/g. The other fishes muscle protein were Carangoides chrysophrys (43.33 mg/g), Lenthrinus lentjan (105 mg/g), Sardinella longiceps (104.17 mg/g), Pomacanthus maculosus (81.67 mg/g), Nemipterus japonicus (111.67 mg/g), Lutjanus ehrenbergi (99.17 mg/g), Gerres oyena (107.5 mg/g), Argyrops spinifer (100.83 mg/g), Terrapin jarboe (82.5 mg/g), Tilapia mossambica (54.72 mg/g). Ghaf tree is a keystone species having multiple beneficial uses from combating desertification and improving soil fertility in arid environments to being an essential food source, as well as a source of fuel, shelter and medicine for both humans and animal species. The Ghaf leaves extracts were tested for protein content analysis. The protein content in Ghaf leaves was found to be 88.61 mg/g. Thus, the research results revealed that Ghaf leaves has almost similar amount of protein as compared to fish muscle protein and can be used as protein supplement for growth and metabolism of body.

A total of 200 threadfin bream Nemipterus japonicus was collected from Chennai in the east coast and Kochi in the west coast during January to February 2013 and studied for their morphometric and meristic characters. In total, 21 characters were analyzed out of which 3 characters namely dorsal, ventral and anal fins were not considered since they were unaltered. The findings indicate that 91% of the total variation in the data can be accounted for by three clusters. Small values of 1-R**2 ratio for the three clusters obtained indicate good clustering. The small values of p (≤0.0001) indicate that there are significant differences in the variables of Chennai and Kochi data which are shown through MANOVA. This might depict that the fish of Chennai and Kochi might be of 2 different stocks. Moreover, the study has also aided in identifying the importance of regular monitoring of stock assessment and the biology of commercially important fishes.

The non-thermal high pressure (HP) processing was studied on fish sausage to enhance the quality during chilled storage. Pink perch (Nemipterus japonicus) sausages, packed in poly amide casing under vacuum were subjected to 400, 500 and 600 MPa pressures (dwell time: 10 min and ramp rate: 300 MPa/min) and compared with heat-set samples for physico-chemical and microbial quality parameters. Pressurized samples formed softer and glossier gels with a slight reduction in water-holding capacity. HP made the texture of sausage softer, cohesive and less chewy and gummier than heat-treated ones. Folding test seen higher acceptance values in samples treated at 500 and 600 MPa, during storage. Maximum log reduction in microbial count was observed in 600 MPa immediately, and significant difference in cooked and pressurized sausages was seen only up to 7th day. This revealed the potential application of HP in replacing conventional heat treatment for sausages preparation with enhanced shelf-life.

A total number 200 different marine fish species represented as 100 Elsarah (Nemipterus japonicus ) and 100 Mias (Pomatomus saltatrix L.) were collected seasonally from Suez and Ismailia provinces respectively . The infested marine fishes revealed no pathognomonic signs.They were investigated for detection of Isopoda parasites. It was revealed that 50% of the examined marine fishes was infested.The detected species were Irona nanodies from Nemipterus japonicus with a prevalence 60% , and Lironeca ovalis from Pomatomus saltatrix L with a prevalence 40%.The histopathological alterations were recorded and discussed.The secondary bacterial invasion was manifested by the isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa where it was experimentally infected into Tilapia zillii and reisolated again.

This research work was directed on the study of the proximate chemical composition to compare the effect of the brining constant concentration and different times on the nutritive value of fish. The proximate composition of treated Chirocentrus nudus (protein, fat, ash and energetic value) for 8% salt and 18 h brining was 61.2%, 15.2%, 23.2% and 381.60 kcal/100g respectively. Fat and ash contents in brined fillets of Nemipterus japonicus and Saurida tumbil were found lower and more than C. nudus respectively. As for the proximate composition of C. nudus, it is clearly observed that all the studied parameters are significantly different in fresh and treated samples. Variations appeared in nutrients was due to the interaction of the salting treatment. It is concluded that fish treated C. nudus was best option.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 5 (1): 36-39, June, 2015

Because of its importance as a food source, Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) (Nemipteridae) or Japanese threadfin bream is the best studied of these taxa, and numerous investigations have examined its fisheries, its biology and biochemistry. Despite such intensive work, the taxonomic status of N. japonicus has never been seriously questioned and it is regarded as a common species, widely distributed throughout the Indo-Western Pacific Ocean. In fact, Bloch’s description of the type specimen of N. japonicus has ambiguous collection data and lacks a designation for the type locality, though it is probably Java. In this paper, DNA barcode results based on COI gene support the existence of two geographically separated lineages of the Japanese threadfin bream, both being an Indian Ocean and western Pacific lineage, with 2.7% sequence divergence, and the results indicate a possible existing of some cryptic species. The two lineages also possess a diagnostic difference in their belly color, with specimens in the South China Sea having a silver belly, while those from the Indian Ocean isolate specimen have a yellow coloration. Based upon new collections from the South China Sea, this species from the western Pacific is morphologically redescribed and its details of DNA barcode diversity are shown for the future investigations.

The reproductive biology of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) along the north-east coast of India was studied during 2012-2015 based on samples from the trawl landings at Digha, Paradeep, Visakhapatnam and Kakinada. Adults dominated the landings. Significant contribution by females was observed in most months of the year. Size at first maturity for females was 15.1 cm. Peak spawning season was during August to February and September to March in the northern and southern regions. Maturity and gonado-somatic index (GSI) were found to correlate well with sea surface temperature (SST). Fecundity increased with length and weight and varied from 13,176 to 1,30,798. Ova diameter distribution indicated the species to be a multiple/batch spawner.