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Abstract: The ammonium glycyrrhizinate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate anions (TPP). The particle size and zeta potential of nanoparticles were determined, respectively, by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and a zeta potential analyzer. The effects, including chitosan molecular weight, chitosan concentration, ammonium glycyrrhizinate concentration and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles were studied. These nanoparticles have ammonium glycyrrhizinate loading efficiency. The encapsulation efficiency decreased with the increase of ammonium glycyrrhizinate concentration and chitosan concentration. The introduction of PEG can decrease significantly the positive charge of particle surface. These studies showed that chitosan can complex TPP to form stable cationic nanoparticles for subsequent ammonium glycyrrhizinate loading. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Monte Carlo simulation of chemically reacting systems based on the master equation was used to describe the stochastic time evolution of the microemulsion polymerization system. A model was developed to demonstrate its applicability for hexyl methacrylate and styrene microemulsion polymerization. The properties of final latex, such as the particle size and molecular weight distributions were obtained simultaneously. The polymerization behavior and properties of final latexes were well reproduced. The model is valuable in confirming or elucidating the various mechanisms in the polymerization. The entry and desorption mechanism was well established to account for the polymerization kinetics. The general polymerization behavior of hydrophobic monomer in microemulsions was properly simulated by the model proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper, novel thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) nanocapsules with temperature-tunable diameter and permeability are reported. Firstly, the core-shell composite microparticles were synthesized by precipitation polymerization with isothiocyanate fluorescein (FITC) entrapped SiO2 as core and cross-linked PNIPAM as shell. Then, the SiO2 core was etched by hydrofluoric acid at certain condition and the pre-trapped FITC molecules remained within the inner cavity. The FITC release profile and TEM studies clearly indicate that the release behavior of FITC could be controlled effectively by the external temperature. Above the LCST of PNIPAM (32°C), the dehydrated PNIPAM shell inhibited the release of FITC from the internal cavity while below its LCST, the fluorophore could permeate the swollen shell easily. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A modified method to prepare chitosan–poly(acrylic acid)(CS–PAA) polymer magnetic microspheres was reported in this paper. First, via self-assembly of positively charged CS and negatively charged Fe3O4 nanoparticles, magnetic CS cores with a large amount of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were successfully prepared. Subsequently, the AA monomers were polymerized on the magetic CS cores based on the reaction system of water-soluble polymer–monomer pairs. These polymer magnetic microspheres had a high Fe3O4 loading content, and showed unique pH-dependent behaviors on the size and zeta potential. From the magnetometer measurements data, the CS–PAA polymer magnetic microspheres also had superparamagnetic property as well as fast magnetic response. A continuous release of the entrapped ammonium glycyrrhizinate in such polymer magnetic microspheres occurred, which confirmed the potential applications of these microspheres for the targeted delivery of drugs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A suitable carrier chitosan (CS) was used to prepare CS-Glycyrrhetic acid (GLA) nanoparticles under very mild conditions by polyelectrolyte complexation. These nanoparticles were well dispersed and stable in aqueous solution, and the physicochemical properties of which were investigated by FT-IR, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscope, fluorescence spectra and zeta potential. It was found that only when the weight ratio of CS to GLA was lower than 16.7, could the nanoparticles be formed. The prepared nanoparticles carried a positive charge and had the dried TEM-assessed size in the range from 20 to 30 nm. The mean hydrated diameter, size distribution and zeta potential of the nanoparticles could be controlled by some factors including the weight ratio of CS to GLA, the average molecular weight of CS and the pH value of the medium. It was also found that GLA encapsulation efficiency into the nanoparticles increased with the increase of the weight ratio of CS to GLA. The experiment of GLA release in vitro showed that the effect of CS encapsulation on GLA release was obvious and the CS-GLA nanoparticles system might be used to provide a continuous release. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 95:181–191, 2006 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Water soluble chitosan (CS) derivatives containing polylactide unit were synthesized by reacting dl-lactide (DLLA) with chitosan in dimethyl sulfoxide solution in the presence of triethylamine. The chemical structure and physical properties of chitosan derivatives were characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR, TGA and XRD. Formation and characteristics of polymeric micelles of graft copolymers were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS) method. The critical micelles concentration (cmc) of polymeric amphiphiles was determined by measuring the fluorescence intensity of pyrene as a fluorescent probe. The cmc value of DLLA/CS (11:1) (dl-lactide/aminoglucoside units molar ratio=11:1) in water was 6.49×10-2mg/ml. The size of micelles and their size distribution in water were measured by DLS. Mean diameter of the polymeric amphiphiles micelles of DLLA/CS (11:1) in water was 154nm with an unimodal size distribution (polydispersity=μ/Γ2=0.03). The spherical micelles were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Thin zeolite films with thicknesses from several hundred nanometers to a few micrometers have been fabricated through electrophoretic deposition (EPD) in acetylacetone (Acac) and/or isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Various types of nanosized zeolites with different Si/Al ratios ranging from 1.6 (zeolite LTA) to nearly infinity (silicalite-1) were applied to prepare the EPD suspensions and showed different behaviors in EPD. The EPD rate of zeolite particles in non-aqueous medium was much higher than that in aqueous system mainly due to the high voltage applied, and consequently the whole process was usually completed in a few seconds. It was found that the Al/(Si + Al) ratios of zeolites and the chemical/physical properties of the EPD medium were two crucial factors which affected the thickness and density of the zeolite films prepared by EPD. The zeolite films fabricated through EPD could be effectively densified by secondary growth to prepare compact zeolite membranes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) causes great suffering to patients because of its heterogeneity, poor prognosis, and chemotherapy resistance. Ferroptosis is characterized by iron-dependent oxidative damage by accumulating intracellular lipid peroxides to lethal levels, and plays a vital role in the treatment of TNBC based on its intrinsic characteristics. To identify the relationship between chemotherapy resistance and ferroptosis in TNBC, we analyzed the single cell RNA-sequencing public dataset of GSE205551. It was found that the expression of Gpx4 in DOX-resistant TNBC cells was significantly higher than that in DOX-sensitive TNBC cells. Based on this finding, we hypothesize that inducing ferroptosis by inhibiting the expression of Gpx4 can reduce the resistance of TNBC to DOX and enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy on TNBC. Herein, dihydroartemisinin (DHA)-loaded polyglutamic acid-stabilized Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 -PGA-DHA) was combined with DOX-loaded polyaspartic acid-stabilized Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 -PASP-DOX) for ferroptosis-enhanced chemotherapy of TNBC. Compared with Fe 3 O 4 -PASP-DOX, Fe 3 O 4 -PGA-DHA + Fe 3 O 4 -PASP-DOX demonstrated significantly stronger cytotoxicity against different TNBC cell lines and achieved significantly more intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxides. Furthermore, transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that Fe 3 O 4 -PASP-DOX-induced apoptosis could be enhanced by Fe 3 O 4 -PGA-DHA-induced ferroptosis and Fe 3 O 4 -PGA-DHA + Fe 3 O 4 -PASP-DOX might trigger ferroptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/GPX4 pathway. Fe 3 O 4 -PGA-DHA + Fe 3 O 4 -PASP-DOX showed superior anti-tumor efficacy on MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing mice, providing great potential for improving the therapeutic effect of TNBC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A multifunctional CO/thermo/chemotherapy nanoplatform is here reported, which is composed of mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (MCN) as near infrared (NIR)-responsive drug carrier, doxorubicin (DOX) as chemotherapeutic drug and triiron dodecacarbonyl (FeCO) as thermosensitive CO prodrug. The nanoplatform could absorb near-infrared (NIR) light and convert it into ample heat to trigger CO release and could also release DOX in the acidic tumor microenvironment. More importantly, the generated CO molecules successfully increase cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutics by the ferroptosis pathway. Subsequently, under the guidance of photoacoustic imaging, the FeCO-DOX@MCN nanoplatform demonstrates high treatment efficacies in vitro and in vivo by combination of chemotherapy, photothermal therapy and gas therapy. This multifunctional platform with excellent antitumor efficacy has great potential in precision cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Carbon monoxide (CO) gas therapy combined with chemotherapy and photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising treatment mode for malignant tumor. Herein, we firstly reported doxorubicin (DOX) loaded Mn carbonyl modified Fe (Ⅲ)-based nanoMOFs (MIL-100) coated PEGylated magnetic carbon nanoparticles (denoted as MCM@PEG-CO-DOX NPs) as theranostics nanoplatforms for near-infrared (NIR)-responded CO-DOX combination therapy. MIL-100 as a good nanocarrier of DOX with high loading capacity can also chelate the Mn carbonyl after a smart modification. Meanwhile, magnetic carbon core possessed photothermal effect, which can convert the NIR light to heat by an 808 nm laser irradiation, resulting in the on-demand release of CO and DOX. As a result, combining with PTT, MCM@PEG-CO-DOX NPs killed tumor efficiently. Moreover, our synthesized MCM@PEG-CO-DOX NPs were capable of realizing tumor dual-mode imaging including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Cell membrane coating has emerged as an intriguing biomimetic strategy to endow nanomaterials with functions and properties inherent to source cells for various biomedical applications. Hybrid membrane of different types of cells could be coated onto nanoparticle surface to achieve additional functions. Herein, we fused red blood cell (RBC) membrane together with MCF-7 cell membrane and fabricated an erythrocyte-cancer (RBC-M) hybrid membrane-camouflaged melanin nanoparticle (Melanin@RBC-M) platform for enhancing therapeutic efficacy of photothermal therapy (PTT). The fused RBC-M hybrid membrane vesicles retained both RBC and MCF-7 cell membrane proteins and the resultant Melanin@RBC-M exhibited prolonged blood circulation and homotypic targeting to source MCF-7 cells simultaneously. Interestingly, increasing MCF-7 membrane components in RBC-M significantly enhanced the homotypic targeting function of Melanin@RBC-M while increasing RBC membrane components in RBC-M effectively reduced the cellular uptake of Melanin@RBC-M by macrophages and improved their circulation time in the blood. After intravenous injection into MCF-7 tumor-bearing athymic nude mice, Melanin@RBC-M with 1:1 membrane protein weight ratio of RBC to MCF-7 exhibited significantly higher tumor accumulation and better PTT efficacy compared with other Melanin@RBC-M with different membrane protein weight ratios as well as pristine melanin nanoparticles, due to the optimal balance between prolonged blood circulation and homotypic targeting. In addition, in vitro photoacoustic results revealed that Melanin@RBC-M had a photoacoustic signal enhancement with the increase of nanoparticle size (64 → 148 nm) and the photoacoustic amplitudes increased linearly with nanoparticle concentration at the excitation wavelength ranged from 680 nm to 800 nm, which could be used for quantification of Melanin@RBC-M in vivo. Looking forward, coating hybrid membrane onto nanoparticles could add flexibility and controllability in enhancing nanoparticles functionality and offer new opportunities for biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we reported a strategy to improve delivery efficiency of a long-circulation biomimetic photothermal nanoagent for enhanced photothermal therapy through selectively dilating tumor vasculature. By using a simply nanocoating technology, a biomimetic layer of natural red blood cell (RBC) membranes was camouflaged on the surface of photothermal polypyrrole nanoparticles (PPy@RBC NPs). The erythrocyte-mimicking PPy NPs inherited the immune evasion ability from natural RBC resulting in superior prolonged blood retention time. Additionally, excellent photothermal and photoacoustic imaging functionalities were all retained attributing to PPy NPs cores. To further improve the photothermal outcome, the endothelin A (ET A ) receptor antagonist BQ123 was jointly employed to regulate tumor microenvironment. The BQ123 could induce tumor vascular relaxation and increase blood flow perfusion through modulating an ET-1/ET A transduction pathway and blocking the ET A receptor, whereas the vessel perfusion of normal tissues was not altered. Through our well-designed tactic, the concentration of biomimetic PPy NPs in tumor site was significantly improved when administered systematically. The study documented that the antitumor efficiency of biomimetic PPy NPs combined with specific antagonist BQ123 was particularly prominent and was superior to biomimetic PPy NPs ( P < 0.05) and PEGylated PPy NPs with BQ123 ( P < 0.01), showing that the greatly enhanced photothermal treatment could be achieved with low-dose administration of photothermal agents. Our findings would provide a promising procedure for other similar enhanced photothermal treatment by blocking ET A receptor to dramatically increase the delivery of biomimetic photothermal nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has represented a promising noninvasive approach for cancer treatment in recent years. However, there still remain challenges in developing non-toxic and biodegradable biomaterials with high photothermal efficiency in vivo . Herein, we explored natural melanin nanoparticles extracted from living cuttlefish as effective photothermal agents and developed red blood cell (RBC) membrane-camouflaged melanin (Melanin@RBC) nanoparticles as a platform for in vivo antitumor PTT. The as-obtained natural melanin nanoparticles demonstrated strong absorption at NIR region, higher photothermal conversion efficiency (∼40%) than synthesized melanin-like polydopamine nanoparticles (∼29%), as well as favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability. It was shown that RBC membrane coating on melanin nanoparticles retained their excellent photothermal property, enhanced their blood retention and effectively improved their accumulation at tumor sites. With the guidance of their inherited photoacoustic imaging capability, optimal accumulation of Melanin@RBC at tumors was achieved around 4 h post intravenous injection. Upon irradiation by an 808-nm laser, the developed Melanin@RBC nanoparticles exhibited significantly higher PTT efficacy than that of bare melanin nanoparticles in A549 tumor-bearing mice. Given that both melanin nanoparticles and RBC membrane are native biomaterials, the developed Melanin@RBC platform could have great potential in clinics for anticancer PTT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with intrinsic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) advantages, iron oxide nanomaterials capable of photothermal conversion have been reported very recently and have again raised great interest in their designs among biomedical researchers. However, like other inorganic nanomaterials, high macrophage uptake, short blood retention time and unfavorable biodistributions have strongly hampered their applications in vivo . To solve these problems, a rational design of red blood cell (RBC) membrane camouflaged iron oxide magnetic clusters (MNC@RBCs) is presented in this paper. Our data show that by simply introducing an “ultra-stealth” biomimetic coating to iron oxide magnetic nanoclusters (MNCs), MNC@RBCs maintain the imaging and photothermal functionalities inherited from MNCs cores while achieving much lower nonspecific macrophage uptake and dramatically altered fate in vivo . MNC@RBCs with superior prolonged blood retention time, preferred high tumor accumulation and relatively lowered liver biodistribution are demonstrated when injected intravenously in mice, leading to greatly enhanced photothermal therapeutic efficacy by a single treatment without further magnetic force manipulation. Our study illustrates a well prepared integration of MNCs and RBCs, exploiting advantages of both functionalities within a single unit and suggests a promising future for iron-based nanomaterials application in vivo . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: pH-sensitive poly(l-glutamic acid) grafted mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-PLGA) were prepared by the surface-initiated N-carboxyanhydride polymerization method. The resultant MSN-PLGA was well dispersed in aqueous medium and showed high drug loading efficiency, superior stability, and significantly higher drug release rates. The cumulative release of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) from DOX-loaded MSN-PLGA (DOX@MSN-PLGA) was pH-dependent and the release rate was much higher at pH 5.5 than that at pH 7.4. The cytotoxicity results indicated that the blank MSN-PLGA was biocompatible and the DOX@MSN-PLGA had potent in vitro cytotoxicity effect similar to free DOX. Overall, these results demonstrate that MSN-PLGA is a promising platform to build pH controlled drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Mesoporous silica-encapsulated gold nanorods (GNRs@mSiO2) have great potential both in photothermal therapy and drug delivery. In this paper, we firstly developed GNRs@mSiO2 as a synergistic therapy tool for delivery heat and drug to the tumorigenic region. We studied the ablation of tumor both in vitro and in vivo by the combination of photothermal therapy and chemotherapy using doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded GNRs@mSiO2. Significantly greater cell killing was observed when A549 cells incubated with DOX-loaded GNRs@mSiO2 were irradiated with near-infrared (NIR) illumination, attributable to both GNRs@mSiO2-mediated photothermal ablation and cytotoxicity of light-triggered DOX release. We then performed in vivo therapy studies and observed a promising tumor treatment. Compared with chemotherapy or photothermal treatment alone, the combined treatment showed a synergistic effect, resulting in higher therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, the lower systematic toxicity of GNRs@mSiO2 has been validated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this study, hyperbranched polyamidoamine (hPAMAM) was developed as a novel non-viral gene vector for the first time. The hPAMAM was synthesized using a modified “one-pot” method. DNA was then bound to hPAMAM at different weight ratios (whPAMAM/wDNA). The higher weight ratio could bring larger particle size and higher zeta potential of hPAMAM–DNA complexes. The encapsulated DNA was protected by hPAMAM from degradation for over 3h. Under the optimal condition, high gene transfection efficiency could be achieved in COS7 (47.47±1.42%) and HEK293 (40.8±0.98%) cell lines. And hPAMAM showed rather minor cytotoxicity in vitro (cell viability=91.38±0.46% in COS7 and 92.38±0.61% in HEK293). The hPAMAM mediated human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (hVEGF165) gene transfected cells could express hVEGF165 stably for 14 days, with the peak expression at day 2. In conclusion, hPAMAM based gene delivery was economical, effective and biocompatible, and may serve as a promising non-viral vehicle for gene therapy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: pH-responsive polymer shell chitosan/poly (methacrylic acid) (CS-PMAA) was coated on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) through the facile in situ polymerization method. The resultant composite microspheres showed a flexible control over shell thickness, surface charges and hydrodynamic size by adjusting the feeding amount of MSN and the molar ratio of [–NH2]/MAA. The MSN/CS-PMAA composite microspheres were stable in the pH range of 5–8 as well as in the physiological saline (0.15M NaCl). Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was applied as a model drug to investigate the drug storage and release behavior. The results demonstrated that DOX could be effectively loaded into the composite microspheres. The cumulative release of DOX-loaded composite microspheres was pH dependent and the release rate was much faster at low pH (5.5) than that of pH 7.4. The cytotoxicity test by MTT assay showed that the blank carrier MSN/CS-PMAA microspheres were suitable as drug carriers. The cellular uptake of composite microspheres was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), which indicated that MSN/CS-PMAA could deliver the drugs into HeLa cell. The above results imply that the composite microspheres are a promising drug delivery system for cancer therapy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Hybrid nanospheres with controllable magnetite content and narrow size distribution, composed of Fe3O4 nanoparticles encapsulated in a crosslinked polystyrene matrix, were synthesized by magneto-template (Fe3O4 minidroplets) miniemulsion polymerization. In this process, a magnetic fluid (ferrofluid), consisting of Fe3O4 nanoparticles dispersed in octane, was directly emulsified in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate under ultrasonication. The formation of Fe3O4 minidroplets served as a template (magneto-template) for the subsequent miniemulsion polymerization. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed uniform hybrid nanospheres in which the Fe3O4 nanoparticles were evenly dispersed. The average size of these magnetic hybrid nanospheres can be rationally adjusted from 70nm to 130nm by varying the amount of surfactant. The magnetite content can be controlled over a wide range, from 40wt % to 70wt %, by modulating the dosage of the ferrofluid. Real-time monitoring of the size of the Fe3O4 minidroplets after addition of monomers indicated gradual incorporation of monomers into the magneto-template prior to polymerization. The use of divinyl benzene with styrene to crosslink the polymer matrix was used for enhancing the integrity of the hybrid nanospheres. These magnetic hybrid nanospheres are superparamagnetic, and thus are ideal candidates for biomedical applications after suitable surface modification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Two series of biodegradable amphiphilic copolymers, poly(succinimide-co-N-propyl aspartamide) (PSI-PA) and poly(N-dodecyl aspartamide-co-N-propyl aspartamide) (PDDA-PA) were synthesized by partial and total aminolysis of polysuccinimide (PSI), respectively. PSI-PA copolymers could self-aggregate in water directly under ultrasonication at room temperature. Differing from PSI-PA copolymers, the aggregates of PDDA-PA need to add PDDA-PA DMF solution into an excessive amount of water. The aggregative properties of PSI-PA and PDDA-PA copolymers have been investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and surface tension measurements. Hydrophilicity of these two copolymers was attributed to the N-propyl aspartamide segments. Due to the stiff structure, succinimide segments preferred to form irregular hydrophobic microdomains, and some aggregates of PSI-PA are bimodal size distribution in water medium, while the more flexible PDDA-PA copolymer chains preferred to form monodispersed spherical aggregates. Elevated temperature could reduce the aggregate size of both PSI-PA and PDDA-PA copolymers due to the breaking of the hydrogen bonding and the releasing of the bonded water molecules. PSI-PA copolymers were surface active, while the surface tension of PDDA-PA copolymers was independent on concentration. The drug-loaded aggregates of PSI-PA also have been prepared and the preliminary release properties have been studied in vitro. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Hollow zeolite microcapsules with spherical and various non-spherical shapes were fabricated through a novel strategy involving the crystallization of mesoporous silica (MS) particles. This conversion process was achieved by vapor phase transport treatment of MS particles which were pre-seeded by nanozeolite via the electrostatic assembly technique. The capsule shell was composed of closed packed zeolite crystals growing from the initial seeds by consuming the silica “nutrition” in the internal MS cores. The effects of seed size and seed type on the transformation of MS particles were investigated in detail. More importantly, guest species (e.g. Fe2O3 and Ag nanoparticles) which had been incorporated in the mesopores of the MS particles could be spontaneously encapsulated inside the generated capsules during the MS consumption process, thus, hollow zeolite capsules with functionalized interiors could be easily fabricated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Long blood circulation is the basic requirement of advanced drug delivery systems for tumor treatment, which leads to enhanced tumor therapeutic efficiency and reduced side effects. However, the pharmacokinetics of the current nanoparticles in vivo is still unsatisfactory, which leads to limited success to translate nanoparticles into clinical applications. Inspired by the natural cell membrane-coating strategy, a series of zwitterionic polymer membranes are firstly developed and coated onto different kinds of nanoparticles in this work. Intriguingly, the zwitterionic polymer membrane shows stronger protein adsorption resistance and reduced macrophage uptake compared with the corresponding zwitterionic polymer brush or the red blood cell (RBC) membrane, which results in longer blood circulation time and higher tumor accumulation of the coated nanoparticles. Combined with the photothermal effect of model nanoparticles, Fe 3 O 4 , zwitterionic polymer membrane-coated Fe 3 O 4 shows enhanced photothermal therapy (PTT) efficacy on A549 tumors compared with the corresponding zwitterionic polymer brush or RBC membrane-coated Fe 3 O 4. Notably, Fe 3 O 4 coated by carboxybetaine-based biomimic membranes exhibits the ultra-long blood circulation (t 1/2 = 96.0 h) and strongest PTT efficacy compared with those coated by phosphorylcholine-based or sulfobetaine-based biomimic membranes. In addition, the zwitterionic biomimic membrane exhibits rapid glutathione-triggered degradation with the products of low molecular weight (<2000 g mol−1). Therefore, the biodegradable zwitterionic biomimic membrane coating offers a universal platform for the design and application of long-circulating biomedical nanoparticles, which may pave the way for the clinical applications of biomedical nanoparticles in tumor therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]