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A researcher from Semmelweis University in Budapest, Hungary has published findings on the performance and safety of the extravascular implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (EV ICD) system. The study, known as the EV ICD Pivotal study, aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of the EV ICD system over a long-term period. The study found that the EV ICD system maintained high success rates for antitachycardia pacing and effective defibrillation, while also demonstrating a consistent safety profile. The research concluded that the EV ICD system is a viable option for individuals requiring a single-chamber ICD. [Extracted from the article]

A new study from Copenhagen University Hospital explores the use of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in pediatric patients for primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death. The study found that while the decision to place an ICD in a child is more challenging due to longer life expectancy and higher risk of complications, young patients benefit the most from ICDs despite the increased risk. The study compared outcomes for primary and secondary prevention ICDs and found no significant difference in outcomes between the two groups. The research concludes that in children, two-thirds of ICDs are used for secondary prevention, and children have higher rates of appropriate therapy and complications compared to adults. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at New York University (NYU) Langone Health examined the characteristics and outcomes of patients with spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) who experienced sudden cardiac arrest. The study found that SCAD patients with cardiac arrest had higher rates of comorbidities, including cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, and other conditions. The researchers also explored the potential impact of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy on morbidity and mortality in SCAD patients with cardiac arrest. The study concluded that SCAD patients with certain comorbidities should be closely monitored for ventricular arrhythmias, and ICD therapy may be considered, although more research is needed to determine its effectiveness. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) system that can determine whether to deliver a shock or not based on multiple patient parameters. The system includes transducers that sense physiological inputs from different parts of the body and generate individual analysis scores. An aggregate analysis score is then determined, and a shock/no shock determination is made based on whether the aggregate score meets a certain criterion. This system improves upon previous versions by considering multiple inputs in making the shock/no shock determination. The patent was filed by Joseph L. Sullivan and assigned to West Affum Holdings DAC. [Extracted from the article]

Medtronic Inc. has been issued a patent for asystole detection and response in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The patent describes techniques for detecting a long ventricular pause or asystole and providing a response by the ICD. The ICD operates in a sensing without pacing mode, during which cardiac electrical signals are sensed but no pacing pulses are scheduled or delivered. The ICD may automatically switch to a pacing mode in response to detecting asystole, or it may store asystole episode data if automatic switching is not enabled. The patent also includes details of an ICD system, a method performed by an ICD system, and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising a set of instructions for an ICD system. This patent provides an overview of the subject matter and is not intended to provide an exhaustive explanation of the apparatus and methods described. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University Hospital Center Zagreb in Croatia explored the use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in preventing sudden cardiac death (SCD) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The researchers retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 10 KTRs who received ICDs for SCD prevention. The study found that ICD implantation in carefully selected KTRs may offer survival benefits and be a valuable tool in preventing SCD. However, larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and establish clear guidelines for ICD use in this specific population. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center examined the use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) in older survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The study found that less than one-third of survivors received an ICD before discharge. Factors such as older age, female sex, history of diabetes, and presentation with acute myocardial infarction were associated with lower odds of ICD implantation, but race or ethnicity did not affect the likelihood of receiving an ICD. The study also revealed significant variation in ICD implantation rates across hospitals. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for managing alerts in a Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator (WCD) system. The WCD system is a precautionary measure for individuals at risk of Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) before receiving an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD). The patent describes a method to alert the user of the WCD system about conditions requiring attention, allowing the user to replay or silence the alerts. The patent also includes a description of a WCD system with sensors, a user interface, and processors to detect conditions, issue alerts, and provide shocks if necessary. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from San Filippo Neri Hospital in Rome, Italy explores the use of wearable cardioverter-defibrillators (WCD) in managing patients at risk for life-threatening arrhythmias. The study followed 41 patients receiving WCD and found that the devices provided continuous monitoring and the potential for prompt defibrillation when needed. The use of WCD allowed for optimized therapy and reduced the need for implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) in 69% of patients. The study concluded that WCD showed a good safety profile, low incidence of device interventions, and adequate patient adherence to WCD use. [Extracted from the article]

A new study from the University of Rochester Medical Center explores the use of prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) for patients with symptomatic heart failure. The study examines different scoring systems that can help identify subgroups of patients who would benefit the most from ICDs and mitigate complications. The review also discusses the use of cardiac MRI to predict ventricular arrhythmia and the potential for genetic analysis to identify patients at increased risk. While the scoring models are not yet ready for implementation in clinical guidelines, they could assist in decision-making for borderline cases. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Cape Town in South Africa examined the profile and outcomes of young patients treated with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) at a tertiary hospital. The study found that arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and repaired congenital heart disease were the leading causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients under 35 years old who received secondary-prevention ICDs. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy was the most common cause of SCD in patients who received primary-prevention ICDs. The study also reported that 7.9% of patients died and 5.2% received a heart transplant during the follow-up period. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers from Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in Iran examined the relationship between air pollution and ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD). The study found a significant correlation between increased air pollution and an increase in the incidence of VA in patients with ICD. The researchers concluded that clinicians should pay attention to this issue and explain it to patients, although further research is needed to determine the specific types and amounts of pollutants involved. This information is important for individuals with ICDs and may help inform public health policies regarding air pollution. [Extracted from the article]

A multidisciplinary review conducted by the Inter-American Society of Cardiology and the Latin-American Heart Rhythm Society focused on the appropriate use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in heart failure patients. The review examined the epidemiology of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and tools for identifying malignant ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and performing risk stratification. The study found that ICDs are useful in both primary and secondary prevention of SCD in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, the low rate of ICD implantation in many Latin American countries is still being researched. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in West Haven, Connecticut aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation in patients aged 70 years and older. The study randomly assigned 167 participants to receive either optimal medical therapy (OMT) or OMT plus ICD. The results showed that mortality rates were similar between the two groups, but there was a trend favoring the ICD over the first 36 months of follow-up. However, the study did not recruit enough participants to reach the target sample size, and future studies will need to consider patient treatment preferences. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of ICD in elderly patients. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Cedars Sinai Medical Center in Beverly Hills, California, evaluated the performance of an extravascular implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in detecting and treating ventricular fibrillation (VF) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) in a global population. The study found that the EV-ICD accurately detected induced and spontaneous VT/VF episodes, but also resulted in inappropriate shocks in some cases. The most common cause of inappropriate shocks was oversensing of myopotentials and P-wave oversensing. The study suggests that optimizing sensing at implantation and incorporating a P-wave oversensing discriminator may help reduce inappropriate shocks. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Federal University Ceara in Fortaleza, Brazil, examined the use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) in patients with chronic Chagas heart disease (CCHD). The study found that patients with secondary prevention and an ejection fraction less than 30% were more likely to receive appropriate therapies from the ICD. Additionally, patients with congestive heart failure, elevated functional class, and age over 75 years had higher mortality rates. The study highlights the importance of ICDs in managing CCHD and identifies predictors of mortality and appropriate device therapy in this population. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in Iran explored the relationship between air pollution and supraventricular arrhythmias (SVAs) in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). The study found that there was a significant association between air pollution and the incidence of SVAs in these patients. However, the researchers noted that further studies with larger sample sizes and conducted in multiple centers are needed to definitively establish this relationship. This research provides valuable insights into the potential impact of air pollution on heart health. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Gelsenkirchen, Germany compared the long-term complications and outcomes of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators (S-ICD) and transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillators (TV-ICD) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis. The study found that patients with S-ICD had statistically fewer device infections and hospitalizations, as well as lower cardiac mortality compared to the TV-ICD group. However, there was no significant difference in overall mortality between the two groups. This research provides valuable insights for healthcare professionals treating renal patients on dialysis. [Extracted from the article]

The article examines the outcomes of patients with ventricular tachycardia undergoing catheter ablation, focusing on those with and without prior implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) interventions. Topics discussed include the impact of previous ICD therapies on ablation outcomes, the relationship between non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmic recurrences, and the importance of early referral for catheter ablation to improve patient outcomes.

A study conducted by investigators from New York University (NYU) Langone Health examined the risk of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with mildly to moderately reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) who underwent permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation. The study found that patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) had significantly higher rates of VT/VF, suggesting an increased risk for the development of malignant ventricular arrhythmias. The researchers concluded that patients in this population may benefit from additional risk stratification and consideration for upfront implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the University of Milan discusses the clinical and ethical considerations surrounding the removal of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) upon patient request. The research highlights the high rate of psychological distress and reduced quality of life in patients with ICDs, particularly in younger individuals. The article presents a case study of a young patient who requested the removal of their ICD due to psychological device intolerance, which was only possible after extensive psychological evaluation and adherence to Italian law on informed consent. The research emphasizes the importance of a patient-centered approach and shared decision making between patients and medical care teams. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been submitted for a detailed alarm messaging system for wearable cardioverter defibrillators (WCDs). The WCD continuously monitors a patient's heart and delivers an electric shock if certain arrhythmias are detected. The proposed system would alert the user of the WCD through a remote device, personalized with the user's health and location data. It would also allow for troubleshooting and emergency alerts, including contacting emergency personnel and the user's attending physician. The patent application was filed by inventors from Washington state and the assignee is West Affum Holdings Dac. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Copenhagen University Hospital discusses the impact of driving restrictions on patients who have received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The study found that both professional and private driving restrictions following ICD implantation can negatively affect employment and daily living activities. Among active professional drivers, 33% lost their job due to driving restrictions, and 47% of those working prior to ICD implantation reported limitations in maintaining employment. The study highlights the need for further research and support for individuals affected by these restrictions. [Extracted from the article]

A recent preprint abstract discusses the safety and efficacy of cardiac sympathetic denervation (CSD) for ventricular arrhythmias. The study aimed to explore the long-term outcomes, safety, and effectiveness of CSD by measuring the event rates of recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTA) and implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shocks after CSD. The analysis included 15 studies with a total of 373 patients, and the results showed promising outcomes for CSD as a treatment strategy for recurrent VTA that is unresponsive to traditional therapies. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents new research from the University of Rochester indicating that digoxin use is linked to a significantly increased risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmia and death in heart failure patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). Topics discussed include the association of digoxin with mortality, the study's methodology involving landmark clinical trials, and the statistical findings that highlight the risks associated with digoxin therapy.

A study conducted at Asklepios Klinik St. Georg in Hamburg, Germany, examined the outcomes of young patients undergoing implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation. The study found that the number of young patients receiving ICDs has been increasing in recent decades. Younger patients were more likely to receive an ICD than a CRT-D device, and they had a lower incidence of coronary artery disease but a higher incidence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and primary cardiac electrical diseases. Young patients had lower mortality rates during follow-up but experienced a higher rate of postoperative complications requiring revision, potentially due to a more active lifestyle. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Toho University in Tokyo, Japan, examined the impact of high-voltage device implantation in elderly Japanese patients with heart failure. The study found that the use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is lower in Japan compared to Western countries. The research analyzed the mortality rate, ventricular arrhythmias, and heart failure events in Japanese patients with a higher risk of heart failure. The study concluded that although elderly patients may have a higher risk of mortality, the benefit of high-voltage device therapy in this group is comparable to that in non-elderly patients. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Chiba University in Japan examined the efficacy of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) for primary prophylaxis in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). The study analyzed data from 451 patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) who underwent ICD implantation. After comparing the baseline characteristics of patients with NICM and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), the study found that the risk of appropriate ICD therapy was significantly higher in patients with NICM. This research provides valuable insights into the use of ICDs for primary prophylaxis in patients with NICM. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the University of Miami explores the importance of effective communication between physicians and patients in the decision-making process for implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (CRT-D). The study found that patients who engaged in structured conversations with study physicians were more willing to undergo ICD/CRT-D implantation compared to their own physicians. Additionally, patients reported higher satisfaction with the study conversation and rated study physicians higher in effectiveness of explanations and overall quality of the conversation. The findings suggest that integrating key elements from these conversations into educational materials can enhance patient acceptance of indicated device therapies. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the University of Toledo in Ohio has found disparities in the implantation of secondary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in the United States. The study analyzed data from the National Inpatient Sample from 2016 to 2020 and found that Black, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American patients were less likely to receive an ICD compared to White patients. Additionally, female patients were less likely to receive an ICD compared to male patients. These disparities have remained stable over time and further investigation is needed to address the underlying causes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Herlev-Gentofte Hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark, explored the relationship between anxiety and depression in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The study found that 22.6% of patients with an ICD develop anxiety and 15.4% develop depression. The researchers examined the role of Type D personality and expectations of ICD therapy in contributing to anxiety and depression. They found that Type D personality was independently associated with increased anxiety and depression at 12 months follow-up, while ICD expectations did not significantly impact these symptoms. The study suggests that screening cardiac patients for Type D personality may be beneficial in clinical practice. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Kanazawa University discusses the relationship between 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) activity and lethal arrhythmic events (ArE) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The study analyzed data from Japanese and European cohorts and found that the relationship between mIBG activity and ArE is influenced by patient background. The researchers observed a bell-shaped relationship between mIBG activity and ArE rates, with a high rate in the intermediate range. Machine learning was used to predict ArE risk based on clinical variables. This research provides insight into identifying patients at high risk for ArEs. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Haugesund Hospital in Norway examined the quality of life (QoL) in patients with heart failure (HF) and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD). The study found that patients with HF and ICD experienced an improvement in QoL after follow-up in outpatient HF clinics, although not to the same extent as patients without ICD. The researchers suggest that tailored interventions in outpatient HF clinics may be necessary to improve outcomes for patients with both HF and ICD. This information is important for individuals with HF and ICD who are seeking to understand the potential impact on their quality of life. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Germany examined the outcomes of young patients (under the age of 45) who received implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) or cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D) devices. The study found that younger patients were more likely to receive ICDs for secondary prevention and had lower mortality rates during follow-up compared to older patients. However, younger patients also experienced a higher rate of postoperative complications requiring revision, potentially due to a more active lifestyle. The study highlights the importance of understanding the characteristics and outcomes of this special population for optimized patient care. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Trinity College Dublin explored the experiences of patients transitioning to life with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The study involved 10 patients who were interviewed about their perceptions of the transition process. The findings revealed that patients had to make physical, psychological, and lifestyle adjustments to adapt to life with an ICD. The study emphasized the importance of education and support for patients coping with the aftermath of defibrillator implantation, and highlighted the role of nurses in initiating tailored discussions and identifying patients' needs. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Cologne, Germany, explored a rare cause of inappropriate shocks in patients with subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (S-ICDs) called "sense-B-noise." The study analyzed data from 1,158 S-ICD patients across nine centers in Europe and the USA and found that sense-B-noise occurred in 0.5% of patients with inappropriate shocks. The diagnosis of sense-B-noise was made after an inappropriate shock episode, and management options included reprogramming to the secondary vector or complete system exchange. The study highlights the need for accurate diagnosis and effective management of sense-B-noise in S-ICD patients. [Extracted from the article]

A meta-analysis conducted by researchers at the University of Toledo in Ohio aimed to determine if combining amiodarone and beta-blocker therapy improves the prevention of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) shocks compared to beta-blocker monotherapy. The analysis included four studies with a total of 5,818 patients with ICDs. The results showed that the combination therapy did not significantly reduce the number of ICD shocks compared to monotherapy. The researchers recommend further randomized controlled trials to validate these findings. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the State University of New York (SUNY) Buffalo examined the mortality rates of patients with heart failure who received implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) compared to those who did not. The study analyzed data from a large electronic health record dataset covering patients in the United States from 2012 to 2020. The findings showed that patients who received ICD treatment had a 24.3% lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to those who did not receive treatment. This study suggests that ICD treatment is associated with improved mortality rates in patients with heart failure, even with advancements in heart failure treatment. The research was supported by Medtronic and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at MedStar Washington Hospital Center found that discussions about implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are rarely addressed during end-of-life care for high-risk patients. The study reviewed the medical records of 129 patients with ICDs who had a change in code status to Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) and subsequently died during hospitalization. The researchers found that 85.3% of patients did not have a documented discussion addressing ICD deactivation. The study suggests that there is a need for better visibility of ICDs in patient charts and for education of clinicians who care for these patients at the end of life. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Wright State University examined the in vivo durability of polyurethane insulated implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) leads. The study found that the ICD leads, which utilize silicone insulation and a polyurethane outer coating, demonstrated remarkable stability and performance over a wide range of in vivo exposure durations. The researchers concluded that there were no significant differences in the properties of the leads across different in vivo exposure durations, indicating that the leads maintained their structural integrity and functionality. This research provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of these medical devices in treating ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University Hospital of Bordeaux in France examined the occurrence of premature battery depletion (PBD) in patients with subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (S-ICD). The study analyzed data from 1,112 S-ICD devices implanted between October 2012 and July 2023 across nine centers in Europe and the USA. The findings revealed that 29.1% of cases experienced clinically suspected PBD, with a median time to generator removal or replacement of 65 months. The study emphasizes the importance of post-market registries and collaboration between clinicians and manufacturers to optimize safety and efficacy in S-ICD treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at MedStar Washington Hospital Center has found that implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) lead perforation can cause chest pain and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes that resemble a heart attack. The researchers presented the case of a 71-year-old woman who experienced chest pain and ST-segment elevation on her ECG after an ICD placement. Computed tomography confirmed ICD lead migration, and the patient was discharged after a lead revision. The study highlights the importance of considering lead perforation as a potential cause of chest pain in patients with ICDs. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University Hospital Zurich in Switzerland explored the impact of mindfulness on the psychological well-being of patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). The study involved 422 patients and found that higher levels of mindfulness were associated with lower levels of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Additionally, mindfulness was found to partially mediate the relationship between anxiety, depression, or PTSD and the patients' quality of life. These findings suggest that mindfulness may have a positive impact on the mental health and quality of life of ICD patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Abbott Laboratories in Sylmar, California, examined the impact of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) devices on the accuracy and functionality of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems. The study found that the coexistence of ICD devices and CGM systems did not negatively affect wireless communication or the transfer of data. The researchers concluded that these findings demonstrate that ICD devices and CGM systems can safely and effectively work together in clinical settings. This research is particularly relevant for individuals with diabetes who also have advanced heart disease. [Extracted from the article]

West Affum Holdings DAC has been issued a patent for a wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) system that uses a security NFC tag for data requests from memory. The WCD system includes a processor, memory, wireless communication module, and an NFC tag that stores information for accessing the system wirelessly. This technology allows for secure communication and configuration of the WCD system, eliminating the need for manual entry of connectivity data or physical cables. The patent provides a method for authenticating users of the accessing device and delivering electrical charge therapy to patients based on configuration data stored in the defibrillator memory. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in Iran aimed to identify predictive factors for mortality in patients undergoing implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) insertion. The study included 225 patients, with 11.1% experiencing death during the follow-up period. The results showed that being older than 65 years was associated with an increased risk of mortality, while having an ejection fraction greater than 15% was associated with a decreased risk of mortality following ICD implantation. The researchers concluded that these findings highlight the importance of precise follow-up for patients with these risk factors. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Washington aimed to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate turbulence (HRT) in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The study involved 160 patients who were randomized to either a 24-week home-based aerobic exercise program or usual care. The results showed that aerobic exercise was associated with significant improvements in parasympathetic HRV and global HRV indices, with greater adherence to the exercise program leading to greater improvements. The study concluded that moderately strenuous aerobic exercise can improve HRV in patients with an ICD. [Extracted from the article]

This patent application describes a method and device for detecting false detections of cardiac events in medical devices like pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). These false detections, known as oversensing, can lead to unnecessary therapies. The techniques outlined in the application involve identifying a specific pattern in the cardiac electrical signal to determine if the detected events are true or oversensed. By accurately identifying oversensing, the device can avoid unnecessary therapies. This information may be useful for library patrons researching heart disorders, medical devices, and advancements in cardiology. [Extracted from the article]