Descriptor: "MESH: Infant, Newborn" / Topic: mesh: female - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. The Role of Regulator Catabolite Control Protein A (CcpA) in Streptococcus agalactiae Physiology and Stress Response

Author: Roux, Anne-Emmanuelle, Robert, Sylvie, Bastat, Mathilde, Rosinski-Chupin, Isabelle, Rong, Vanessa, Holbert, Sébastien, Mereghetti, Laurent, Camiade, Emilie, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie et Evolution de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques / Ecology and Evolution of Antibiotics Resistance (EERA), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de bactériologie et d'hygiène hospitalière [Tours], and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)
Subjects: group B Streptococcus, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, MESH: Humans, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Usp proteins, adaptation, stress response, CcpA, MESH: Streptococcus agalactiae, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Streptococcus agalactiae, stress adaptation, stress, oxidative stress, MESH: Staphylococcal Protein A, acid resistance, carbon catabolite repression (CCR), MESH: Bacterial Proteins, MESH: Female, catabolite repression
Abstract: International audience; Abstract : Streptococcus agalactiae is a leading cause of infections in neonates. This opportunistic pathogen colonizes the vagina, where it has to cope with acidic pH and hydrogen peroxide produced by lactobacilli. Thus, in the host, this bacterium possesses numerous adaptation mechanisms in which the pleiotropic regulators play a major role. The transcriptional regulator CcpA (catabolite control protein A) has previously been shown to be the major regulator involved in carbon catabolite repression in Gram-positive bacteria but is also involved in other functions. By transcriptomic analysis, we characterized the CcpA-dependent gene regulation in S. agalactiae. Approximately 13.5% of the genome of S. agalactiae depends on CcpA for regulation and comprises genes involved in sugar uptake and fermentation, confirming the role of CcpA in carbon metabolism. We confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) that the DNA binding site called cis-acting catabolite responsive element (cre) determined for other streptococci was effective in S. agalactiae. We also showed that CcpA is of capital importance for survival under acidic and oxidative stresses and is implicated in macrophage survival by regulating several genes putatively or already described as involved in stress response. Among them, we focused our study on SAK_1689, which codes a putative UspA protein. We demonstrated that SAK_1689, highly downregulated by CcpA, is overexpressed under oxidative stress conditions, this overexpression being harmful for the bacterium in a ΔccpA mutant.Importance : Streptococcus agalactiae is a major cause of disease burden leading to morbidity and mortality in neonates worldwide. Deciphering its adaptation mechanisms is essential to understand how this bacterium manages to colonize its host. Here, we determined the regulon of the pleiotropic regulator CcpA in S. agalactiae . Our findings reveal that CcpA is not only involved in carbon catabolite repression, but is also important for acidic and oxidative stress resistance and survival in macrophages.
Published: 2022
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2. Viral hepatitis and pregnancy

Author: Miriam T. Levy, Norah A. Terrault, Ka Wang Cheung, Gonzague Jourdain, Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: MESH: Antiviral Agents, 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Premature Birth, MESH: Hepatitis, Chronic, viruses, Hepatitis C virus, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, Liver disease, MESH: Perinatal Mortality, MESH: Pregnancy, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, MESH: Infant Mortality, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, MESH: Hepatitis, Viral, Human, MESH: Diabetes, Gestational, MESH: Hepatitis C, Hepatitis, Hepatitis B virus, MESH: Hepatitis D, MESH: Humans, MESH: Hepatitis A, MESH: Hepatitis B, Hepatology, MESH: Viral Hepatitis Vaccines, business.industry, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Hepatitis E, Gastroenterology, Hepatitis A, MESH: Pregnancy Outcome, medicine.disease, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, MESH: Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, 030104 developmental biology, Immunology, MESH: Acute Disease, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, MESH: Maternal Mortality, Hepatitis D virus, MESH: Liver Cirrhosis, MESH: Viral Load, Viral hepatitis, business, MESH: Female, Viral load, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: The management of viral hepatitis in the setting of pregnancy requires special consideration. There are five liver-specific viruses (hepatitis A, B, C, D, E), each with unique epidemiology, tendency to chronicity, risk of liver complications and response to antiviral therapies. In the setting of pregnancy, the liver health of the mother, the influence of pregnancy on the clinical course of the viral infection and the effect of the virus or liver disease on the developing infant must be considered. Although all hepatitis viruses can harm the mother and the child, the greatest risk to maternal health and subsequently the fetus is seen with acute hepatitis A virus or hepatitis E virus infection during pregnancy. By contrast, the primary risks for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis D virus are related to the severity of the underlying liver disease in the mother and the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) for HBV and HCV. The prevention of MTCT is key to reducing the global burden of chronic viral hepatitis, and prevention strategies must take into consideration local health-care and socioeconomic challenges. This Review presents the epidemiology of acute and chronic viral hepatitis infection in pregnancy, the effect of pregnancy on the course of viral infection and, conversely, the influence of the viral infection on maternal and infant outcomes, including MTCT. The management of viral hepatitis in the setting of pregnancy requires special consideration. This Review examines each hepatitis virus individually to address the effect of pregnancy on the natural history of infection and how the viral infections influence maternal and infant outcomes, including mother-to-child transmission.
Published: 2020
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3. Epidemiology of Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Prospective, Multicenter, International Cohort Study

Author: de Luca, Daniele, Tingay, David G., van Kaam, Anton H., van Tuijl, Minke, Courtney, Sherry E., Kneyber, Martin C. J., Tissieres, Pierre, Tridente, Ascanio, Rimensberger, Peter C., Pillow, J. Jane, Carnielli, Virgilio P., Nobile, Stefano, Shi, Yuan, Long, Chen, Barcos, Francisca, Hochberg, Amit, Crocker, Caroline E., Harrison, Allen, Perkins, Elizabeth, Mosca, Fabio, Mercadante, Domenica, Raimondi, Francesco, Capasso, Letizia, Kallio, Merja, Raschetti, Roberto, Cillis, Annagrazia, Soreze, Yohan, Black, Lachlan, Khan, Nash, Piastra, Marco, Conti, Giorgio, Danhaive, Olivier, Gibelli, Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni, de Carvalho, Werther Brunow, Mulder, Estelle, Neonatology, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Critical care, Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE), AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hypertension pulmonaire : physiopathologie et innovation thérapeutique (HPPIT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Murdoch Children's Research Institute (MCRI), University of Melbourne, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Beatrix Children's Hospital [Groningen, Pays-Bas], University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), University of Groningen [Groningen], AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU), Hôpital Universitaire de Genève = University Hospitals of Geneva (HUG), The University of Western Australia (UWA), Telethon KIDS Institute, Dr. De Luca received funding from Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Abbvie, Vyaire, Getinge, Medtronic, Masimo, Natus, Airway Therapeutics, and Ophirex, Dr. Tingay is supported by the Victorian Government Infrastructure Support Program. Drs. Tingay and Pillow received support for article research from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) (Australia) Fellowships GNT1053889 and GNT1077691, respectively.Dr. van Kaam’s intuition received funding from Vyaire, Mallinckrodt, and Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Dr. Kneyber received funding from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, ZonMW, Stichting Vrienden Beatrix Kinderziekenhuis, and University Medical Center Groningen. Dr. Tissieres received funding from Sanofi, Inotrem, and Sedana. Dr. Pillow’s institution received funding from the NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, the NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., and Draeger Medical, for the Neonatal ARDS Project Collaboration Group Collaborators : van Tuijl, Minke, Carnielli, Virgilio P., Nobile, Stefano, Shi, Yuan, Long, Chen, Barcos, Francisca, Hochberg, Amit, Crocker, Caroline E., Harrison, Allen, Perkins, Elizabeth, Mosca, Fabio, Mercadante, Domenica, Raimondi, Francesco, Capasso, Letizia, Kallio, Merja, Raschetti, Roberto, Cillis, Annagrazia, Soreze, Yohan, Black, Lachlan, Khan, Nash, Piastra, Marco, Conti, Giorgio, Danhaive, Olivier, Gibelli, Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni, de Carvalho, Werther Brunow, and Mulder, Estelle
Subjects: Male, MESH: Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Cohort Studies, MESH: Pregnancy, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, MESH: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, cohort study Fifteen academic neonatal ICUs acute respiratory distress syndrome, Pregnancy, MESH: Child, Humans, MESH: Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn, observational, Prospective Studies, Multicenter, Child, MESH: Cohort Studies, Retrospective Studies, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn, MESH: Humans, MESH: Infant, Newborn, respiratory failure, Infant, Newborn, MESH: Retrospective Studies, respiratory failure Prospective, acute respiratory distress syndrome, International Cohort Study, neonatal intensive care unit, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, Prospective, Settore MED/38 - PEDIATRIA GENERALE E SPECIALISTICA, international, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, outcome, Female, neonate, MESH: Female
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Age-specific definitions for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are available, including a specific definition for neonates (the "Montreux definition"). The epidemiology of neonatal ARDS is unknown. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology, clinical course, treatment, and outcomes of neonatal ARDS.DESIGN: Prospective, international, observational, cohort study.SETTING: Fifteen academic neonatal ICUs.PATIENTS: Consecutive sample of neonates of any gestational age admitted to participating sites who met the neonatal ARDS Montreux definition criteria.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Neonatal ARDS was classified as direct or indirect, infectious or noninfectious, and perinatal (≤ 72 hr after birth) or late in onset. Primary outcomes were: 1) survival at 30 days from diagnosis, 2) inhospital survival, and 3) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-free survival at 30 days from diagnosis. Secondary outcomes included respiratory complications and common neonatal extrapulmonary morbidities. A total of 239 neonates met criteria for the diagnosis of neonatal ARDS. The median prevalence was 1.5% of neonatal ICU admissions with male/female ratio of 1.5. Respiratory treatments were similar across gestational ages. Direct neonatal ARDS (51.5% of neonates) was more common in term neonates and the perinatal period. Indirect neonatal ARDS was often triggered by an infection and was more common in preterm neonates. Thirty-day, inhospital, and 30-day ECMO-free survival were 83.3%, 76.2%, and 79.5%, respectively. Direct neonatal ARDS was associated with better survival outcomes than indirect neonatal ARDS. Direct and noninfectious neonatal ARDS were associated with the poorest respiratory outcomes at 36 and 40 weeks' postmenstrual age. Gestational age was not associated with any primary outcome on multivariate analyses.CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence and survival of neonatal ARDS are similar to those of pediatric ARDS. The neonatal ARDS subtypes used in the current definition may be associated with distinct clinical outcomes and a different distribution for term and preterm neonates.
Published: 2022
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4. Maternal Glycemic Dysregulation During Pregnancy and Neonatal Blood DNA Methylation: Meta-analyses of Epigenome-Wide Association Studies

Author: Elmar W. Tobi, Diana L. Juvinao-Quintero, Justiina Ronkainen, Raffael Ott, Rossella Alfano, Mickaël Canouil, Madelon L. Geurtsen, Amna Khamis, Leanne K. Küpers, Ives Y. Lim, Patrice Perron, Giancarlo Pesce, Johanna Tuhkanen, Anne P. Starling, Toby Andrew, Elisabeth Binder, Robert Caiazzo, Jerry K.Y. Chan, Romy Gaillard, Peter D. Gluckman, Elina Keikkala, Neerja Karnani, Sanna Mustaniemi, Tim S. Nawrot, François Pattou, Michelle Plusquin, Violeta Raverdy, Kok Hian Tan, Evangelia Tzala, Katri Raikkonen, Christiane Winkler, Anette-G. Ziegler, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Luigi Bouchard, Yap Seng Chong, Dana Dabelea, Janine F. Felix, Barbara Heude, Vincent W.V. Jaddoe, Jari Lahti, Brigitte Reimann, Marja Vääräsmäki, Amélie Bonnefond, Philippe Froguel, Sandra Hummel, Eero Kajantie, Marjo-Riita Jarvelin, Regine P.M. Steegers-Theunissen, Caitlin G. Howe, Marie-France Hivert, Sylvain Sebert, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, University of Oulu, Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Klinikums rechts der Isar, Hasselt University (UHasselt), Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (EGENODIA (GI3M)), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Generation R Study Group, Imperial College London, Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences [Singapour] (SICS), Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department [iPlesp] (EPAR), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), TKK Helsinki University of Technology (TKK), Colorado School of Public Health [Aurora, CO, USA] (CSPH), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University [Atlanta, GA], Recherche translationnelle sur le diabète - U 1190 (RTD), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), KK Women's and Children's Hospital [Singapore], Duke-NUS Medical School [Singapore], Liggins Institute, University of Auckland [Auckland], Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki, Finland] (FIHW), Oulu University Hospital [Oulu], Bioinformatics Institute [Singapore], Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine [Singapore], Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Institut Desbrest de santé publique (IDESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Brunel University London [Uxbridge], Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pediatrics, Binder, Elisabeth, Küpers, Leanne K., Geurtsen, Madelon L., Raikkonen, Katri, Tuhkanen, Johanna, Felix, Janine F., ALFANO, Rossella, Winkler, Christiane, Ott, Raffael, Dabelea, Dana, Khamis, Amna, Bouchard, Luigi, Bonnefond, Amélie, Canouil, Mickaël, Karnani, Neerja, Hummel, Sandra, Tobi, Elmar W, Sebert, Sylvain, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riita, Keikkala, Elina, Heude, Barbara, Pesce, Giancarlo, Steegers-Theunissen, Regine P.M., Lim, Ives Y., REIMANN, Brigitte, Caiazzo, Robert, Hian Tan, Kok, Chan, Jerry K.Y., Ronkainen, Justiina, Ziegler, Anette-G., NAWROT, Tim, Froguel, Philippe, Gluckman, Peter D., Raverdy, Violeta, Starling, Anne P., Howe, Caitlin G., Lahti, Jari, Mustaniemi, Sanna, Hivert, Marie-France, Seng Chong, Yap, Jaddoe, Vincent W.V., Perron, Patrice, Pattou, François, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Juvinao-Quintero, Diana L., Gaillard, Romy, Vääräsmäki, Marja, Plusquin, Michelle, Andrew, Toby, Kajantie, Eero, and Tzala, Evangelia
Subjects: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, MESH: Epigenome, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Epigenesis, Genetic, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Epigenome, MESH: DNA Methylation, MESH: Pregnancy, [SDV.MHEP.PED] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, HYPERGLYCEMIA, Pregnancy, Internal Medicine, Humans, MESH: Fetal Blood, MESH: Epigenesis, Genetic, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, MESH: Diabetes, Gestational, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Science & Technology, MESH: Humans, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, DNA Methylation, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Fetal Blood, Diabetes, Gestational, [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, MESH: Female, MESH: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Abstract: OBJECTIVE Maternal glycemic dysregulation during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse health outcomes in her offspring; a risk thought to be linearly related to maternal hyperglycemia. It is hypothesized that changes in offspring DNA methylation (DNAm) underline these associations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS To address this hypothesis, we conducted fixed-effect meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) results from eight birth cohorts investigating relationships between cord blood DNAm and fetal exposure to maternal glucose (Nmax= 3,503), insulin (Nmax= 2,062), and the area under the curve of glucose (AUCgluc) following oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT, Nmax= 1,505). We performed look-up analyses for identified CpG dinucleotides (CpGs) in independent observational cohorts to examine associations between DNAm and cardiometabolic traits as well as tissue-specific gene expression. RESULTS Greater maternal AUCgluc was associated with lower cord blood DNAm at neighboring CpGs cg26974062 (β= -0.013 [SE=2.1x10-3], PFDR= 5.1x10-3) and cg02988288 (β= -0.013 [SE=2.3x10-3], PFDR =0.031) in TXNIP. These associations were attenuated in women with GDM. Lower blood DNAm at these two CpGs near TXNIP was associated with multiple metabolic traits later in life, including type 2 diabetes. TXNIP DNAm in liver biopsies was associated with hepatic expression of TXNIP. We observed little evidence of associations between either maternal glucose or insulin and cord blood DNAm. CONCLUSION Maternal hyperglycemia, as reflected by AUCgluc, was associated with lower cord blood DNAm at TXNIP. Associations between DNAm at these CpGs and metabolic traits in subsequent look-up analyses suggest that these may be candidate loci to investigate in future causal and mediation analyses.
Published: 2022
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5. Anaphylaxis and Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Call for Public Health Actions

Author: Pascal Demoly, Gianenrico Senna, Michael Schatz, Sophie Carra, María José Torres, Florence Fuchs, P.M. Mertes, Mariana Castells, Luciana Kase Tanno, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Kaiser Permanente, CHU Strasbourg, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga = Regional University Hospital of Malaga [Spain], Institut Desbrest de santé publique (IDESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Vanderbilt University Medical Center [Nashville], Vanderbilt University [Nashville], and Fuchs, Florent
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, MEDLINE, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Caesarean section, Anaphylaxis, MESH: Humans, Cesarean Section, business.industry, Public health, Prevention, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, medicine.disease, Management, Pregnancy Complications, MESH: Anaphylaxis, MESH: Cesarean section, [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Epinephrine, Mortality data, Perioperative anaphylaxis, MESH: Pregnancy complications, Emergency medicine, Female, Public Health, business, MESH: Public Health, MESH: Female, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Background: Although rare, anaphylaxis during pregnancy implies a risk to both mothers and newborns.Objective: This systematic review is intended to identify key issues in the diagnosis and management of this condition to support prevention strategies and decrease the risk for death related to anaphylaxis during pregnancy.Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane, LILACS, SciELO, and Science Direct databases for manuscripts concerning the term "anaphylaxis during pregnancy," without language restrictions. We screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk for bias independently in duplicate.Results: We selected 12 articles. Frequency of anaphylaxis during maternity was estimated to be 1.5 to 3.8 per 100,000 pregnancies. Only one study provided anaphylaxis mortality data in pregnant women; the rate of anaphylaxis-related maternal mortality was estimated at 0.05/100,000 live births. No standard definition of anaphylaxis severity has been used. A total of 49% to 74% of anaphylaxis cases were described during caesarean section. Beta-lactam antibiotics (58%), latex (25%), and anesthetic agents (17%) were the main causes. In 17% of reports, causative agents were proven by allergy testing. Moreover, 72% of articles proposed the same management and treatment for a clinical episode of anaphylaxis during pregnancy as for nonpregnant patients, and the use of epinephrine in the patient's care during anaphylaxis in pregnancy.Conclusions: Few studies address anaphylaxis during pregnancy. Most have been produced by nonallergy specialists. Collaboration among different specialists involved in the care of pregnant women should be established to support preventive strategies and reduce avoidable deaths.
Published: 2021
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6. Bacterial vaginosis and other infections in pregnant women in Senegal

Author: Bonneton, Marion, Huynh, Bich-Tram, Seck, Abdoulaye, Bercion, Raymond, Sarr, Fatoumata Diene, Delarocque-Astagneau, Elisabeth, Vray, Muriel, Unité d'Epidémiologie des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Epidémiologie et modélisation de la résistance aux antimicrobiens - Epidemiology and modelling of bacterial escape to antimicrobials (EMAE), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Bactériologie Expérimentale [Dakar, Sénégal], Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale [Dakar, Sénégal], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), This study was financially supported by the Total Foundation, the African Center for Maternal and Child Health (Centre d’Excellence Africain pour la Santé de la Mère et de l’Enfant – CEA-SAMEF) and by the Department of International Cooperation of the Principality of Monaco., Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), and Bich-Tram, Huynh
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Vaginal microbiome, MESH: Vaginosis, Bacterial, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, MESH: Senegal, Humans, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, MESH: Humans, Pregnant women, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, Vaginosis, Bacterial, Bacterial vaginosis, Senegal, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Vagina, Vagina, Female, MESH: Pregnant Women, MESH: Female, Research Article
Abstract: International audience; BackgroundBacterial vaginosis (BV) is associated with a higher risk of preterm delivery and spontaneous abortion. Yet little data on BV prevalence exist for sub-Saharan countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Senegal.MethodsFrom October 2013 to December 2018, pregnant women in their third trimester were recruited in two primary health centers (one suburban, one rural) in Senegal. Healthcare workers interviewed women and collected a lower vaginal swab and a blood sample. Vaginal flora were classified into four categories using vaginal smear microscopic examination and Gram’s coloration. In our study, BV was defined as vaginal flora with no Lactobacillus spp. Variables associated with BV were analyzed using STATA® through univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 457 women provided a vaginal sample for analysis. Overall, BV prevalence was 18.6% (85/457) [95% CI 15.4–22.6]) and was similar in suburban and rural areas (18.9% versus 18.1%, p = 0.843). Multivariate analysis showed that primigravidity was the only factor independently associated with a lower risk of BV (aOR 0.35 [95% CI 0.17–0.72]).ConclusionsOur study showed significant BV prevalence among pregnant women in Senegal. Although the literature has underscored the potential consequences of BV for obstetric outcomes, data are scarce on BV prevalence in sub-Saharan African countries. Before authorities consider systematic BV screening for pregnant women, a larger study would be useful in documenting prevalence, risk factors and the impact of BV on pregnancy outcomes.
Published: 2021
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7. Multinational characterization of neurological phenotypes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

Author: Le, Trang, Gutiérrez-Sacristán, Alba, Son, Jiyeon, Hong, Chuan, South, Andrew, Beaulieu-Jones, Brett, Loh, Ne Hooi Will, Luo, Yuan, Morris, Michele, Ngiam, Kee Yuan, Patel, Lav, Samayamuthu, Malarkodi, Schriver, Emily, Tan, Amelia, Moore, Jason, Cai, Tianxi, Omenn, Gilbert, Avillach, Paul, Kohane, Isaac, Visweswaran, Shyam, Mowery, Danielle, Xia, Zongqi, Aaron, James, Agapito, Giuseppe, Albayrak, Adem, Alessiani, Mario, Amendola, Danilo, Angoulvant, François, Anthony, Li, Aronow, Bruce, Atz, Andrew, Balshi, James, Bell, Douglas, Bellasi, Antonio, Bellazzi, Riccardo, Benoit, Vincent, Beraghi, Michele, Bernal Sobrino, José Luis, Bernaux, Mélodie, Bey, Romain, Blanco Martínez, Alvar, Boeker, Martin, Bonzel, Clara-Lea, Booth, John, Bosari, Silvano, Bourgeois, Florence, Bradford, Robert, Brat, Gabriel, Bréant, Stéphane, Brown, Nicholas, Bryant, William, Bucalo, Mauro, Burgun, Anita, Cannataro, Mario, Carmona, Aldo, Caucheteux, Charlotte, Champ, Julien, Chen, Krista, Chen, Jin, Chiovato, Luca, Chiudinelli, Lorenzo, Cimino, James, Colicchio, Tiago, Cormont, Sylvie, Cossin, Sébastien, Craig, Jean, Cruz Bermúdez, Juan Luis, Cruz Rojo, Jaime, Dagliati, Arianna, Daniar, Mohamad, Daniel, Christel, Davoudi, Anahita, Devkota, Batsal, Dubiel, Julien, Esteve, Loic, Fan, Shirley, Follett, Robert, Gaiolla, Paula, Ganslandt, Thomas, García Barrio, Noelia, Garmire, Lana, Gehlenborg, Nils, Geva, Alon, Gradinger, Tobias, Gramfort, Alexandre, Griffier, Romain, Griffon, Nicolas, Grisel, Olivier, Hanauer, David, Haverkamp, Christian, He, Bing, Henderson, Darren, Hilka, Martin, Holmes, John, Horki, Petar, Huling, Kenneth, Hutch, Meghan, Issitt, Richard, Jannot, Anne Sophie, Jouhet, Vianney, Kavuluru, Ramakanth, Keller, Mark, Kirchoff, Katie, Klann, Jeffrey, Krantz, Ian, Kraska, Detlef, Krishnamurthy, Ashok, L’yi, Sehi, Leblanc, Judith, Leite, Andressa, Lemaitre, Guillaume, Lenert, Leslie, Leprovost, Damien, Liu, Molei, Lozano-Zahonero, Sarah, Lynch, Kristine, Mahmood, Sadiqa, Maidlow, Sarah, Makoudjou Tchendjou, Adeline, Malovini, Alberto, Mandl, Kenneth, Mao, Chengsheng, Maram, Anupama, Martel, Patricia, Masino, Aaron, Matheny, Michael, Maulhardt, Thomas, Mazzitelli, Maria, Mcduffie, Michael, Mensch, Arthur, Ashraf, Fatima, Milano, Marianna, Minicucci, Marcos, Moal, Bertrand, Moraleda, Cinta, Morris, Jeffrey, Moshal, Karyn, Mousavi, Sajad, Murad, Douglas, Murphy, Shawn, Naughton, Thomas, Neuraz, Antoine, Norman, James, Obeid, Jihad, Okoshi, Marina, Olson, Karen, Orlova, Nina, Ostasiewski, Brian, Palmer, Nathan, Paris, Nicolas, Pedrera Jimenez, Miguel, Pfaff, Emily, Pillion, Danielle, Prokosch, Hans, Prudente, Robson, Quirós González, Víctor, Ramoni, Rachel, Raskin, Maryna, Rieg, Siegbert, Roig Domínguez, Gustavo, Rojo, Pablo, Sáez, Carlos, Salamanca, Elisa, Sandrin, Arnaud, Santos, Janaina, Savino, Maria, Schuettler, Juergen, Scudeller, Luigia, Sebire, Neil, Balazote, Pablo Serrano, Serre, Patricia, Serret-Larmande, Arnaud, Shakeri, Zahra, Silvio, Domenick, Sliz, Piotr, Sonday, Charles, Spiridou, Anastasia, Tan, Bryce, Tan, Byorn, Tanni, Suzana, Taylor, Deanne, Terriza-Torres, Ana, Tibollo, Valentina, Tippmann, Patric, Torti, Carlo, Trecarichi, Enrico, Tseng, Yi-Ju, Vallejos, Andrew, Varoquaux, Gael, Vella, Margaret, Vie, Jill-Jênn, Vitacca, Michele, Wagholikar, Kavishwar, Waitman, Lemuel, Wassermann, Demian, Weber, Griffin, William, Yuan, Yehya, Nadir, Zambelli, Alberto, Zhang, Harrison, Zoeller, Daniela, Zucco, Chiara, Unité d'informatique médicale, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Health data- and model- driven Knowledge Acquisition (HeKA), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), UFR Médecine [Santé] - Université Paris Cité (UFR Médecine UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), AS is funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Heart Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) K23HL148394 and L40HL148910, and NIH-National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) UL1TR001420. JM is funded by NIH-National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAD) AI11679. LP is funded by NCATS Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Number UL1TR002366. GO is funded by NIH National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) P30ES017885 and National Cancer Institute (NCI) U24CA210967. SV is funded by NIH-National Library of Medicine (NLM) R01LM012095 and NCATS UL1TR001857. DM is funded by NCATS CTSA Number UL1-TR001878. ZX is funded by NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) R01NS098023., Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), National Cancer Institute, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Paris - UFR Médecine Paris Centre [Santé] (UP Médecine Paris Centre), Université de Paris (UP), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, University of Pittsburgh, Wake Forest School of Medicine, National University Health Systems, Northwestern University, University of Kansas Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania Health System, University of Michigan, University of Kentucky, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, INC., Lombardia Region Health System, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, University of Cincinnati, Medical University of South Carolina, St. Luke’s University Health Network, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, University of Pavia, APHP Greater Paris University Hospital, ASST Pavia, Hospital Universitario, University of Freiburg, Informatics and Virtual Environments (DRIVE), IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, University of North Carolina, BIOMERIS (BIOMedical Research Informatics Solutions), CEA, LIRMM, Boston Children’s Hospital, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA SB IRCCS, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Bordeaux University Hospital/ERIAS-Inserm U1219 BPH, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Inria Centre de Paris, Heidelberg University, and Pain Medicine Boston Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan Medical School, MSHI Medical University of South Carolina, Massachusetts General Hospital, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University Hospital, Clevy.io, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, PSL Université Paris, School of Biomedical Informatics, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Office of Research and Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, Nurse Department of FMB-Medicine School of Botucatu, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, National University Hospital, Chang Gung University, Medical College of Wisconsin, McGill University, Inria Lille, ICS S Maugeri IRCCS, University of Missouri, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), Université Paris Cité - UFR Médecine Paris Centre [Santé] (UPC Médecine Paris Centre), and Université Paris Cité (UPC)
Subjects: Male, Epidemiology, Cross-sectional study, Disease, Severity of Illness Index, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Child, Prevalence, MESH: COVID-19, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, Child, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Middle Aged, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Neurology, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Medicine, Female, Encephalitis, Adult, MESH: Pandemics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Science, Myelitis, MESH: Nervous System Diseases, Article, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Medical research, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, MESH: Severity of Illness Index, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, medicine, Humans, Pandemics, MESH: Prevalence, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, COVID-19, Infant, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Confidence interval, Cross-Sectional Studies, Relative risk, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Nervous System Diseases, business, MESH: Female, Neurological disorders, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:35:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-12-01 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute Neurological complications worsen outcomes in COVID-19. To define the prevalence of neurological conditions among hospitalized patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test in geographically diverse multinational populations during early pandemic, we used electronic health records (EHR) from 338 participating hospitals across 6 countries and 3 continents (January–September 2020) for a cross-sectional analysis. We assessed the frequency of International Classification of Disease code of neurological conditions by countries, healthcare systems, time before and after admission for COVID-19 and COVID-19 severity. Among 35,177 hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, there was an increase in the proportion with disorders of consciousness (5.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.7–7.8%, pFDR < 0.001) and unspecified disorders of the brain (8.1%, 5.7–10.5%, pFDR < 0.001) when compared to the pre-admission proportion. During hospitalization, the relative risk of disorders of consciousness (22%, 19–25%), cerebrovascular diseases (24%, 13–35%), nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage (34%, 20–50%), encephalitis and/or myelitis (37%, 17–60%) and myopathy (72%, 67–77%) were higher for patients with severe COVID-19 when compared to those who never experienced severe COVID-19. Leveraging a multinational network to capture standardized EHR data, we highlighted the increased prevalence of central and peripheral neurological phenotypes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, particularly among those with severe disease. Department of Biostatistics Epidemiology and Informatics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard Medical School Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh, Biomedical Science Tower 3, Suite 7014, 3501 5th Avenue Department of Pediatrics Wake Forest School of Medicine Department of Critical Care National University Health Systems Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Pittsburgh Department of Surgery National University Health Systems Department of Internal Medicine University of Kansas Medical Center Data Analytics Center University of Pennsylvania Health System Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics University of Michigan Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Kentucky Department of Legal Economic and Social Sciences University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro Health Catalyst INC. Department of Surgery ASST Pavia Lombardia Region Health System Clinical Research Unit of Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University Pediatric Emergency Department Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris National Center for Infectious Diseases Tan Tock Seng Hospital Departments of Biomedical Informatics Pediatrics Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati Department of Pediatrics Medical University of South Carolina Department of Surgery St. Luke’s University Health Network Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA UOC Ricerca Innovazione e Brand Reputation ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia IT Department Innovation & Data APHP Greater Paris University Hospital I.T. Department ASST Pavia Health Informatics Hospital Universitario, 12 de Octubre Strategy and Transformation Department APHP Greater Paris University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center University of Freiburg Digital Research Informatics and Virtual Environments (DRIVE), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children Scientific Direction IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano North Carolina Translational and Clinical Sciences (NC TraCS) Institute University of North Carolina BIOMERIS (BIOMedical Research Informatics Solutions) Department of Biomedical Informatics HEGP APHP Greater Paris University Hospital Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Data Analytics Research Center University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro Department of Anesthesia St. Luke’s University Health Network Université Paris-Saclay Inria CEA INRIA Sophia-Antipolis–ZENITH Team LIRMM Computational Health Informatics Program Boston Children’s Hospital Department of Internal Medicine University of Kentucky Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA SB IRCCS Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics University of Pavia Informatics Institute University of Alabama at Birmingham IAM Unit Bordeaux University Hospital/ERIAS-Inserm U1219 BPH Biomedical Informatics Center Medical University of South Carolina Clinical Research Informatics Boston Children’s Hospital Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia SED/SIERRA Inria Centre de Paris Health Information Technology & Services University of Michigan Internal Medicine Department Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University Heinrich-Lanz-Center for Digital Health University Medicine Mannheim Heidelberg University Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care and Pain Medicine Boston Children’s Hospital Department of Learning Health Sciences University of Michigan Medical School MSHI Medical University of South Carolina Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Division of Human Genetics Department of Pediatrics The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Center for Medical Information and Communication Technology University Hospital Renaissance Computing Institute/Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina Clinical Research Unit Saint Antoine Hospital APHP Greater Paris University Hospital Clevy.io Department of Biostatistics Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure VA Salt Lake City Health Care System MICHR Informatics University of Michigan Laboratory of Informatics and Systems Engineering for Clinical Research Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA SB IRCCS Harvard Catalyst Harvard Medical School Clinical Research Unit Paris Saclay APHP Greater Paris University Hospital Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure Tennessee Valley Healthcare System Veterans Affairs Medical Center École Normale Supérieure PSL Université Paris BIG-ARC The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Biomedical Informatics Pediatric Infectious Disease Department Hospital Universitario, 12 de Octubre Department of Infectious Diseases Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Internal Medicine Department of Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University Department of Pediatrics Boston Children’s Hospital Center for Biomedical Informatics Wake Forest School of Medicine Department of Medical Informatics University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development Biomedical Data Science Lab ITACA Institute Universitat Politècnica de València Nurse Department of FMB-Medicine School of Botucatu Management Engineering ASST Pavia Lombardia Region Health System Department of Anesthesiology University Hospital Erlangen FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine St. Luke’s University Health Network Department of Medicine National University Hospital Department of Information Management Chang Gung University Clinical & Translational Science Institute Medical College of Wisconsin Montréal Neurological Institute McGill University SequeL Inria Lille Respiratory Department ICS S Maugeri IRCCS Department of Health Management and Informatics University of Missouri Department of Oncology ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Clinical Research Unit of Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University Internal Medicine Department Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University Internal Medicine Department of Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: AI11679 Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: AI11679 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: AI11679 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences: CTSA Award #UL1TR001878 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences: CTSA Award #UL1TR002366 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: K23HL148394 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences: P30ES017885 U.S. National Library of Medicine: R01LM012095 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: R01NS098023 Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute: U24CA210967 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences: UL1TR001420 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences: UL1TR001857
Published: 2021
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8. Humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal coronaviruses in children and adults in north-eastern France

Author: Tom Woudenberg, Stéphane Pelleau, François Anna, Mikael Attia, Françoise Donnadieu, Alain Gravet, Caroline Lohmann, Hélène Seraphin, Raphaël Guiheneuf, Catherine Delamare, Karl Stefic, Julien Marlet, Etienne Brochot, Sandrine Castelain, Olivier Augereau, Jean Sibilia, François Dubos, Damia Meddour, Christèle Gras-Le Guen, Marianne Coste-Burel, Berthe-Marie Imbert-Marcille, Anne Chauvire-Drouard, Cyril Schweitzer, Amélie Gatin, Sandra Lomazzi, Aline Joulié, Hervé HAAS, Aymeric Cantais, Frederique Bertholon, Marie-France Chinazzo-Vigouroux, Mohamed SI Abdallah, Laurence Arowas, Pierre Charneau, Bruno Hoen, Caroline Demeret, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Arnaud Fontanet, Michael White, Epidémiologie et Analyse des Maladies Infectieuses - Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Malaria : parasites et hôtes - Malaria : parasites and hosts, Virologie Moléculaire et Vaccinologie / Molecular Virology and Vaccinology, Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre Hospitalier de Mulhouse, site du Hasenrain (Mulhouse), Centre Hospitalier Simone Veil de Beauvais [Beauvais], Centre hospitalier régional Metz-Thionville (CHR Metz-Thionville), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Agents infectieux, résistance et chimiothérapie - UR UPJV 4294 (AGIR ), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Laboratoire de Virologie [CHU Amiens], CHU Amiens-Picardie, Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar, CHU Strasbourg, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Nantes (CIC Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Service de Pédiatrie [CHRU Nancy], Centre de Ressources Biologiques - [Nancy] (CRB Nancy), Hôpitaux Pédiatriques de Nice Lenval (CHU-Lenval), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), agence régionale de santé Hauts-de-France (ARS), Investigation Clinique et d’Accès aux Ressources Biologiques (Plate-forme) - Clinical Investigation and Access to BioResources (ICAReB), Direction de la recherche médicale de l'Institut Pasteur, Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR - laboratoire coordonnateur), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), This work was supported by the « URGENCE COVID-19 » fundraising campaign of Institut Pasteur, by the French Government's Investissement d'Avenir program, Laboratoire d'Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Grant No. ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), and by the REACTing (Research & Action Emerging Infectious Diseases) and the RECOVER project funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 101003589., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: 101003589, H2020-SC1-PHE-CORONAVIRUS-2020,RECOVER(2020), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR), DESSAIVRE, Louise, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, and Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Response research - RECOVER - - H2020-SC1-PHE-CORONAVIRUS-20202020-02-14 - 2022-02-13 - 101003589 - VALID
Subjects: Male, Medicine (General), viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Aucun, MESH: Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Antibodies, Viral, MESH: Cross Reactions, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Seroepidemiologic Studies, MESH: Child, sero-epidemiology, seasonal coronaviruses, MESH: COVID-19, MESH: Immunity, Humoral, skin and connective tissue diseases, Child, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Clinical Trials as Topic, MESH: Middle Aged, seroprevalence, MESH: Infant, Newborn, virus diseases, Middle Aged, MESH: Infant, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Medicine, Female, France, Seasons, Research Paper, Adult, MESH: Pandemics, MESH: Clinical Trials as Topic, Adolescent, Cross Reactions, Young Adult, R5-920, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, MESH: SARS-CoV-2, Pandemics, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, MESH: Humans, SARS-CoV-2, fungi, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, COVID-19, Infant, MESH: Adult, antibody response, MESH: Male, respiratory tract diseases, Immunity, Humoral, MESH: France, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Seasons, MESH: Female, MESH: Antibodies, Viral
Abstract: Background: Children are underrepresented in the COVID-19 pandemic and often experience milder disease than adolescents and adults. Reduced severity is possibly due to recent and more frequent seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoV) infections. We assessed the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal HCoV specific antibodies in a large cohort in north-eastern France. Methods: In this cross-sectional seroprevalence study, serum samples were collected from children and adults requiring hospital admission for non-COVID-19 between February and August 2020. Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal HCoV (229E, HKU1, NL63, OC43) were assessed using a bead-based multiplex assay, Luciferase-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay, and a pseudotype neutralisation assay. Findings: In 2,408 individuals, seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies was 7-8% with three different immunoassays. Antibody levels to seasonal HCoV increased substantially up to the age of 10. Antibody responses in SARS-CoV-2 seropositive individuals were lowest in adults 18-30 years. In SARS-CoV-2 seronegative individuals, we observed cross-reactivity between antibodies to the four HCoV and SARS-CoV-2 Spike. In contrast to other antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, specific antibodies to sub-unit 2 of Spike (S2) in seronegative samples were highest in children. Upon infection with SARS-CoV-2, antibody levels to Spike of betacoronavirus OC43 increased across the whole age spectrum. No SARS-CoV-2 seropositive individuals with low levels of antibodies to seasonal HCoV were observed. Interpretation: Our findings underline significant cross-reactivity between antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal HCoV, but provide no significant evidence for cross-protective immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection due to a recent seasonal HCoV infection. In particular, across all age groups we did not observe SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with low levels of antibodies to seasonal HCoV. Funding: This work was supported by the « URGENCE COVID-19 » fundraising campaign of Institut Pasteur, by the French Government's Investissement d'Avenir program, Laboratoire d'Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Grant No. ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), and by the REACTing (Research & Action Emerging Infectious Diseases), and by the RECOVER project funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 101003589, and by a grant from LabEx IBEID (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID).
Published: 2021
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9. International Analysis of Electronic Health Records of Children and Youth Hospitalized With COVID-19 Infection in 6 Countries

Author: Bourgeois, Florence, Gutiérrez-Sacristán, Alba, Keller, Mark, Liu, Molei, Hong, Chuan, Bonzel, Clara-Lea, Tan, Amelia, Aronow, Bruce, Boeker, Martin, Booth, John, Cruz Rojo, Jaime, Devkota, Batsal, García Barrio, Noelia, Gehlenborg, Nils, Geva, Alon, Hanauer, David, Hutch, Meghan, Issitt, Richard, Klann, Jeffrey, Luo, Yuan, Mandl, Kenneth, Mao, Chengsheng, Moal, Bertrand, Moshal, Karyn, Murphy, Shawn, Neuraz, Antoine, Ngiam, Kee Yuan, Omenn, Gilbert, Patel, Lav, Jiménez, Miguel Pedrera, Sebire, Neil, Balazote, Pablo Serrano, Serret-Larmande, Arnaud, South, Andrew, Spiridou, Anastasia, Taylor, Deanne, Tippmann, Patric, Visweswaran, Shyam, Weber, Griffin, Kohane, Isaac, Cai, Tianxi, Avillach, Paul, Cruz-Rojo, Jaime, García-Barrio, Noelia, Pedrera-Jiménez, Miguel, Serrano-Balazote, Pablo, Aaron, James, Agapito, Giuseppe, Albayrak, Adem, Alessiani, Mario, Amendola, Danilo, Angoulvant, François, Anthony, Li Llj, Atz, Andrew, Balshi, James, Beaulieu-Jones, Brett, Bell, Douglas, Bellasi, Antonio, Bellazzi, Riccardo, Benoit, Vincent, Beraghi, Michele, Bernal Sobrino, José Luis, Bernaux, Mélodie, Bey, Romain, Blanco Martínez, Alvar, Bosari, Silvano, Bradford, Robert, Brat, Gabriel, Bréant, Stéphane, Brown, Nicholas, Bryant, William, Bucalo, Mauro, Burgun, Anita, Cannataro, Mario, Carmona, Aldo, Caucheteux, Charlotte, Champ, Julien, Chen, Krista, Chen, Jin, Chiovato, Luca, Chiudinelli, Lorenzo, Cimino, James, Colicchio, Tiago, Cormont, Sylvie, Cossin, Sébastien, Craig, Jean, Cruz Bermúdez, Juan Luis, Dagliati, Arianna, Daniar, Mohamad, Daniel, Christel, Davoudi, Anahita, Dubiel, Julien, Duvall, Scott, Esteve, Loic, Fan, Shirley, Follett, Robert, Gaiolla, Paula Sa, Ganslandt, Thomas, Garmire, Lana, Gradinger, Tobias, Gramfort, Alexandre, Griffier, Romain, Griffon, Nicolas, Grisel, Olivier, Haverkamp, Christian, He, Bing, Henderson, Darren, Hilka, Martin, Holmes, John, Horki, Petar, Huling, Kenneth, Jannot, Anne Sophie, Jouhet, Vianney, Kavuluru, Ramakanth, Kirchoff, Katie, Krantz, Ian, Kraska, Detlef, Krishnamurthy, Ashok, L'Yi, Sehi, Le, Trang, Leblanc, Judith, Leite, Andressa Rr, Lemaitre, Guillaume, Lenert, Leslie, Leprovost, Damien, Loh, Ne Hooi Will, Lynch, Kristine, Mahmood, Sadiqa, Maidlow, Sarah, Malovini, Alberto, Maram, Anupama, Martel, Patricia, Masino, Aaron, Matheny, Michael, Maulhardt, Thomas, Mazzitelli, Maria, Mcduffie, Michael, Mensch, Arthur, Milano, Marianna, Minicucci, Marcos, Moore, Jason, Moraleda, Cinta, Morris, Jeffrey, Morris, Michele, Mousavi, Sajad, Mowery, Danielle, Murad, Douglas, Naughton, Thomas, Norman, James, Obeid, Jihad, Okoshi, Marina, Olson, Karen, Orlova, Nina, Ostasiewski, Brian, Palmer, Nathan, Paris, Nicolas, Pfaff, Emily, Pillion, Danielle, Prokosch, Hans, Prudente, Robson, Quirós González, Víctor, Ramoni, Rachel, Raskin, Maryna, Rieg, Siegbert, Roig Domínguez, Gustavo, Rojo, Pablo, Sáez, Carlos, Salamanca, Elisa, Samayamuthu, Malarkodi, Sandrin, Arnaud, Santos, Janaina Cc, Savino, Maria, Schriver, Emily, Schuettler, Juergen, Scudeller, Luigia, Serre, Patricia, Silvio, Domenick, Sliz, Piotr, Son, Jiyeon, Sonday, Charles, Tan, Bryce Wq, Tan, Byorn Wl, Tanni, Suzana, Terriza Torres, Ana, Tibollo, Valentina, Torti, Carlo, Trecarichi, Enrico, Tseng, Yi-Ju, Vallejos, Andrew, Varoquaux, Gael, Vie, Jill-Jênn, Vitacca, Michele, Wagholikar, Kavishwar, Waitman, Lemuel, Wassermann, Demian, William, Yuan, Xia, Zongqi, Yehya, Nadir, Zambelli, Alberto, Zhang, Harrison, Zucco, Chiara, Service d'informatique médicale et biostatistiques [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Health data- and model- driven Knowledge Acquisition (HeKA), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), UFR Médecine [Santé] - Université Paris Cité (UFR Médecine UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Dr Bourgeois was funded by a grant from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund and supported by the Harvard-MIT Center for Regulatory Science. Mr Keller was funded by grant 5T32HG002295-18 from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI). Dr Aronow was funded by grant U24 HL148865 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Ms García Barrio was supported by grant PI18/00981 from the Carlos III Health Institute. Dr Gehlenborg was funded by grant T15 LM007092 from the NIH National Library of Medicine. Dr Geva was funded by grant K12 HD047349 from the NIH and Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Dr Hanauer was funded by grant UL1TR002240 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS). Drs Klann and Murphy were funded by grant 5UL1TR001857-05 from the NCATS and grant 5R01HG009174-04 from the NHGRI. Dr Luo was funded by grant R01LM013337 from the NLM. Mr Patel was funded by grant UL1TR002366 from the NCATS. Dr Gutiérrez-Sacristán was funded by grants K23HL148394 and L40HL148910 from the NIH NHLBI and grant UL1TR001420 from the NIH NCATS. Dr Visweswaran was funded by grant R01LM012095 from the NLM and grant UL1TR001857 from the NCATS. Dr Weber was supported by grants UL1TR002541 and UL1TR000005 from the NIH-NCATS, and grant R01LM013345 from the NLM., CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Paris - UFR Médecine Paris Centre [Santé] (UP Médecine Paris Centre), Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), Université Paris Cité - UFR Médecine Paris Centre [Santé] (UPC Médecine Paris Centre), and Université Paris Cité (UPC)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Pandemics, education, Health Informatics, MESH: Global Health, MESH: Hospitalization, Procalcitonin, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, MESH: Child, Epidemiology, medicine, Infection control, MESH: COVID-19, MESH: SARS-CoV-2, 030212 general & internal medicine, health care economics and organizations, MESH: Electronic Health Records, Original Investigation, MESH: Adolescent, Disease surveillance, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Research, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Child, Preschool, Retrospective cohort study, MESH: Retrospective Studies, General Medicine, medicine.disease, MESH: Infant, MESH: Male, 3. Good health, Online Only, Respiratory failure, Viral pneumonia, Cohort, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: This cohort study aims to describe international hospitalization trends and key epidemiological and clinical features of children and youth with COVID-19., Key Points Question What are international trends in hospitalizations for children and youth with SARS-CoV-2, and what are the epidemiological and clinical features of these patients? Findings This cohort study of 671 children and youth found discrete surges in hospitalizations with variable trends and timing across countries. Common complications included cardiac arrhythmias and viral pneumonia, and laboratory findings included elevations in markers of inflammation and abnormalities of coagulation; few children and youth were treated with medications directed specifically at SARS-CoV-2. Meaning These findings suggest large-scale informatics-based approaches used to incorporate electronic health record data across health care systems can provide an efficient source of information to monitor disease activity and define epidemiological and clinical features of pediatric patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infections., Importance Additional sources of pediatric epidemiological and clinical data are needed to efficiently study COVID-19 in children and youth and inform infection prevention and clinical treatment of pediatric patients. Objective To describe international hospitalization trends and key epidemiological and clinical features of children and youth with COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study included pediatric patients hospitalized between February 2 and October 10, 2020. Patient-level electronic health record (EHR) data were collected across 27 hospitals in France, Germany, Spain, Singapore, the UK, and the US. Patients younger than 21 years who tested positive for COVID-19 and were hospitalized at an institution participating in the Consortium for Clinical Characterization of COVID-19 by EHR were included in the study. Main Outcomes and Measures Patient characteristics, clinical features, and medication use. Results There were 347 males (52%; 95% CI, 48.5-55.3) and 324 females (48%; 95% CI, 44.4-51.3) in this study’s cohort. There was a bimodal age distribution, with the greatest proportion of patients in the 0- to 2-year (199 patients [30%]) and 12- to 17-year (170 patients [25%]) age range. Trends in hospitalizations for 671 children and youth found discrete surges with variable timing across 6 countries. Data from this cohort mirrored national-level pediatric hospitalization trends for most countries with available data, with peaks in hospitalizations during the initial spring surge occurring within 23 days in the national-level and 4CE data. A total of 27 364 laboratory values for 16 laboratory tests were analyzed, with mean values indicating elevations in markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, 83 mg/L; 95% CI, 53-112 mg/L; ferritin, 417 ng/mL; 95% CI, 228-607 ng/mL; and procalcitonin, 1.45 ng/mL; 95% CI, 0.13-2.77 ng/mL). Abnormalities in coagulation were also evident (D-dimer, 0.78 ug/mL; 95% CI, 0.35-1.21 ug/mL; and fibrinogen, 477 mg/dL; 95% CI, 385-569 mg/dL). Cardiac troponin, when checked (n = 59), was elevated (0.032 ng/mL; 95% CI, 0.000-0.080 ng/mL). Common complications included cardiac arrhythmias (15.0%; 95% CI, 8.1%-21.7%), viral pneumonia (13.3%; 95% CI, 6.5%-20.1%), and respiratory failure (10.5%; 95% CI, 5.8%-15.3%). Few children were treated with COVID-19–directed medications. Conclusions and Relevance This study of EHRs of children and youth hospitalized for COVID-19 in 6 countries demonstrated variability in hospitalization trends across countries and identified common complications and laboratory abnormalities in children and youth with COVID-19 infection. Large-scale informatics-based approaches to integrate and analyze data across health care systems complement methods of disease surveillance and advance understanding of epidemiological and clinical features associated with COVID-19 in children and youth.
Published: 2021
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10. Estimated impact of tafenoquine for Plasmodium vivax control and elimination in Brazil: A modelling study

Author: Nekkab, Narimane, Lana, Raquel, Lacerda, Marcus, Obadia, Thomas, Siqueira, André, Monteiro, Wuelton, Villela, Daniel, Mueller, Ivo, White, Michael, Malaria : parasites et hôtes - Malaria : parasites and hosts, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI), NN, MW, DV, and RL received funding from the Medicines for Malaria Venture (https://www.mmv.org/). NN has been in part supported by the Pasteur-Roux-Cantarini Fellowship by Institut Pasteur (https://research.pasteur.fr/en/call/pasteur-roux-cantarini-fellowship_call-for-application_2019-autumn-session/). NN, IM, and MW are supported by the Supporting Preparedness in the Asia-Pacific Region through Knowledge (SPARK) project under the ASEAN-Pacific Infectious Disease and Response program (APIDDaR) (https://www.spark.edu.au/). IM is supported by NHMRC Principal Research Fellowship (GNT1155075) (https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/funding/find-funding/research-fellowships). DV is a CNPq/Brazil research fellow (https://www.gov.br/cnpq/pt-br). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript., and The authors would like thank Penny Grewal Daumerie, Elodie Jambert, Melanie Larson, Gonzalo Domingo, and Alexandre Menezes for their valued contributions, support, and fruitful discussions.
Subjects: Male, Plasmodium, Epidemiology, MESH: Disease Eradication, Primaquine, Geographical locations, Medical Conditions, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Drug Metabolism, MESH: Child, Medicine and Health Sciences, Prevalence, Secondary Prevention, MESH: Aminoquinolines, Child, MESH: Models, Theoretical, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Secondary Prevention, Pharmaceutics, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Drugs, Chloroquine, Middle Aged, MESH: Infant, MESH: Plasmodium vivax, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Aminoquinolines, Medicine, Female, Brazil, Research Article, Adult, Adolescent, Antimalarials, Young Adult, Drug Therapy, Parasite Groups, parasitic diseases, Parasitic Diseases, Malaria, Vivax, Humans, Pharmacokinetics, Disease Eradication, MESH: Prevalence, Aged, Pharmacology, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Biology and Life Sciences, Infant, MESH: Malaria, Vivax, MESH: Adult, South America, Models, Theoretical, Tropical Diseases, MESH: Antimalarials, MESH: Male, Malaria, Parasitology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, People and places, Plasmodium vivax, MESH: Brazil, Apicomplexa, MESH: Female
Abstract: Background Despite recent intensification of control measures, Plasmodium vivax poses a major challenge for malaria elimination efforts. Liver-stage hypnozoite parasites that cause relapsing infections can be cleared with primaquine; however, poor treatment adherence undermines drug effectiveness. Tafenoquine, a new single-dose treatment, offers an alternative option for preventing relapses and reducing transmission. In 2018, over 237,000 cases of malaria were reported to the Brazilian health system, of which 91.5% were due to P. vivax. Methods and findings We evaluated the impact of introducing tafenoquine into case management practices on population-level transmission dynamics using a mathematical model of P. vivax transmission. The model was calibrated to reflect the transmission dynamics of P. vivax endemic settings in Brazil in 2018, informed by nationwide malaria case reporting data. Parameters for treatment pathways with chloroquine, primaquine, and tafenoquine with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) testing were informed by clinical trial data and the literature. We assumed 71.3% efficacy for primaquine and tafenoquine, a 66.7% adherence rate to the 7-day primaquine regimen, a mean 5.5% G6PDd prevalence, and 8.1% low metaboliser prevalence. The introduction of tafenoquine is predicted to improve effective hypnozoite clearance among P. vivax cases and reduce population-level transmission over time, with heterogeneous levels of impact across different transmission settings. According to the model, while achieving elimination in only few settings in Brazil, tafenoquine rollout in 2021 is estimated to improve the mean effective radical cure rate from 42% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 41%–44%) to 62% (95% UI 54%–68%) among clinical cases, leading to a predicted 38% (95% UI 7%–99%) reduction in transmission and over 214,000 cumulative averted cases between 2021 and 2025. Higher impact is predicted in settings with low transmission, low pre-existing primaquine adherence, and a high proportion of cases in working-aged males. High-transmission settings with a high proportion of cases in children would benefit from a safe high-efficacy tafenoquine dose for children. Our methodological limitations include not accounting for the role of imported cases from outside the transmission setting, relying on reported clinical cases as a measurement of community-level transmission, and implementing treatment efficacy as a binary condition. Conclusions In our modelling study, we predicted that, provided there is concurrent rollout of G6PDd diagnostics, tafenoquine has the potential to reduce P. vivax transmission by improving effective radical cure through increased adherence and increased protection from new infections. While tafenoquine alone may not be sufficient for P. vivax elimination, its introduction will improve case management, prevent a substantial number of cases, and bring countries closer to achieving malaria elimination goals., In this modelling study, Narimane Nekkab and colleagues estimate that tafenoquine usage could result in a 38% reduction in P. vivax transmission over 2021-25., Author summary Why was this study done? Radical cure with tafenoquine plus chloroquine has been recently approved to treat P. vivax malaria; however, the impact of improving individual-level effective radical cure—by overcoming non-compliance with primaquine with this single-dose regimen—on population-level transmission is unknown. Depending on age, pregnancy and lactating status, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) phenotypic activity and drug metabolism, treatment eligibility and effective radical cure rates may vary across different populations with variable transmission. What did the researchers do and find? With mathematical modelling, we accounted for these complex dynamics to consider the non-linear dynamics of primaquine and tafenoquine treatment on the burden of P. vivax malaria across a range of settings and for various implementation strategies. To our knowledge, our work is the first to show how rolling out tafenoquine in populations will improve case management of P. vivax, reduce transmission, and prevent a substantial number of cases, even in settings with high rates of effective case management with primaquine. However, tafenoquine alone will not lead to P. vivax elimination. What do these findings mean? Accounting for the factors that lead to a variable degree of impact, our results can guide countries considering introducing tafenoquine with G6PD deficiency testing as part of tailored intervention strategies adapted to their local context. Overall, tafenoquine will have several public health benefits; however, it should be considered as an additional tool along with other interventions to reach elimination goals in the proposed time frame.
Published: 2021
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11. First probable case of congenital Zika syndrome in Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Author: Souksakhone Viengphouthong, Phommady Vetsaphong, Somphavanh Somlor, Virginie Pommelet, Elodie Calvez, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Paul T. Brey, Thonglakhone Xaybounsou, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Mother and Child Hospital [Vientiane, Laos], Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, The work was supported by the Institut Pasteur du Laos., and We thank the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Mother and Child Hospital in Vientiane capital city for their clinical support. We also thank the Arbovirus and Emerging Viral Diseases Laboratory of the Institut Pasteur du Laos for technical support.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Microcephaly, Probable Case, 030106 microbiology, LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC, education, MESH: Asia, Southeastern, MESH: Zika Virus, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, MESH: Microcephaly, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Lao PDR, MESH: Pregnancy, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, medicine, ZikV Infection, MESH: Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Congenital Zika syndrome, Aedes, MESH: Humans, biology, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Outbreak, MESH: Adult, General Medicine, MESH: Aedes, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, MESH: Male, 3. Good health, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Flavivirus, Infectious Diseases, Geography, MESH: Laos, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Zika virus (ZIKV) is a Flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, and was responsible for a worldwide outbreak between 2013 and 2016. However, no ZIKV outbreak has been described in Southeast Asia since 2017. In this study, we report the first microcephaly case with probable ZIKV infection during pregnancy in Lao People's Democratic Republic.
Published: 2021
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12. Tocolysis after preterm premature rupture of membranes: Time for change?

Author: Elsa Lorthe, Gilles Kayem, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Geneva University Hospital (HUG), CHU Trousseau [APHP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture, Tocolysis, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, 0504 sociology, Pregnancy, Humans, Medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Obstetrics, 05 social sciences, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, 050401 social sciences methods, Obstetrics and Gynecology, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, medicine.disease, Tocolytic Agents, Reproductive Medicine, MESH: Tocolysis, Female, business, Premature rupture of membranes, MESH: Female, MESH: Tocolytic Agents
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021
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13. Identification of PITX3 mutations in individuals with various ocular developmental defects

Author: Caroline Michot, Julie Plaisancié, Marta Corton, Edouard Cottereau, Julian Delanne, Nicolas Chassaing, Nicola K. Ragge, Jacmine Pechmeja, Celia Zazo Seco, P Calvas, Tatiana Lupasco, Carmen Ayuso, Unité différenciation épidermique et auto-immunité rhumatoïde (UDEAR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de génétique médicale [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Service d'Ophtalmologie [Hopital Purpan - Toulouse], Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de génétique [Tours], Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Oxford Brookes University, Birmingham Women’s and Children’s Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, CARBILLET, Véronique, Service Génétique Médicale [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Service d'Ophtalmologie [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Céphalique [CHU Toulouse], and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, genetic structures, MESH: Congenital Abnormalities / pathology, medicine.disease_cause, Microphthalmia, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Child, Peters anomaly, Microphthalmos, PITX3, Eye Abnormalities, Child, Genetics (clinical), MESH: Heterozygote, Genetics, Sanger sequencing, MESH: Aged, MESH: Microphthalmos / pathology, Mutation, MESH: Infant, Newborn, sclereocornea, MESH: Congenital Abnormalities / genetics, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Pedigree, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Congenital cataracts, symbols, Female, Heterozygote, MESH: Mutation, Adolescent, MESH: Pedigree, Biology, MESH: Transcription Factors / genetics, Cataract, Congenital Abnormalities, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Cataracts, Anterior segment mesenchymal disorder, medicine, Humans, MESH: Homeodomain Proteins / genetics, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, Homeodomain Proteins, Anophthalmia, MESH: Humans, Genetic heterogeneity, MESH: Child, Preschool, MESH: Microphthalmos / genetics, Infant, Newborn, MESH: Eye Abnormalities / pathology, Infant, MESH: Cataract / pathology, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, eye diseases, Ophthalmology, 030104 developmental biology, MESH: Cataract / genetics, MESH: Eye Abnormalities / genetics, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Eye development, sense organs, MESH: Female, Transcription Factors
Abstract: Background: Congenital cataract displays large phenotypic (syndromic and isolated cataracts) and genetic heterogeneity. Mutations in several transcription factors involved in eye development, like PITX3, have been associated with congenital cataracts and anterior segment mesenchymal disorders. Materials and methods: Targeted sequencing of 187 genes involved in ocular development was performed in 96 patients with mainly anophthalmia and microphthalmia. Additionally, Sanger sequencing analysis of PITX3 was performed on a second cohort of 32 index cases with congenital cataract and Peters anomaly and/or sclereocornea. Results: We described five families with four different PITX3 mutations, two of which were novel. In Family 1, the heterozygous recurrent c.640_656dup (p.Gly220Profs*95) mutation cosegregated with eye anomalies ranging from congenital cataract to Peters anomaly. In Family 2, the novel c.669del [p.(Leu225Trpfs*84)] mutation cosegregated with dominantly inherited eye anomalies ranging from posterior embryotoxon to congenital cataract in heterozygous carriers and congenital sclereocornea and cataract in a patient homozygous for this mutation. In Family 3, we identified the recurrent heterozygous c.640_656dup (p.Gly220Profs*95) mutation segregating with congenital cataract. In Family 4, the de novo c.582del [p.(Ile194Metfs*115)] mutation was identified in a patient with congenital cataract, microphthalmia, developmental delay and autism. In Family 5, the c.38G>A (p.Ser13Asn) mutation segregated dominantly in a family with Peters anomaly, which is a novel phenotype associated with the c.38G>A variant compared with the previously reported isolated congenital cataract. Conclusions: Our study unveils different phenotypes associated with known and novel mutations in PITX3, which will improve the genetic counselling of patients and their families.
Published: 2021
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14. Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome is characterized by genetic heterogeneity

Author: Joelle Bignon-Topalovic, Ken McElreavey, Raja Brauner, Anu Bashamboo, Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild [Paris], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Génétique du Développement humain - Human developmental genetics, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This study was supported by Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild and Laboratoire Lilly France in the form of funding awarded to RB., and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pituitary gland, Heredity, Pituitary Diseases, 030105 genetics & heredity, Gene mutation, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Bioinformatics, Nervous System, Medical Conditions, MESH: Pituitary Gland, MESH: Child, Cryptorchidism, Medicine and Health Sciences, Morphogenesis, MESH: Nerve Tissue Proteins, MESH: Dwarfism, Child, Agenesis of the corpus callosum, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, MESH: Genetic Association Studies, Pituitary stalk, Heterozygosity, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Genetic Heterogeneity, MESH: Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Anemia, Hematology, Micropenis, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Ectopic Posterior Pituitary, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pituitary Gland, Child, Preschool, Medicine, Female, Anatomy, Pathogens, Research Article, MESH: Pituitary Diseases, MESH: Mutation, Science, Urology, Endocrine System, Dwarfism, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Biology, Genetic Heterogeneity, 03 medical and health sciences, Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Congenital Disorders, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Birth Defects, Genetic Association Studies, MESH: Humans, Genetic heterogeneity, Hypogonadism, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Biology and Life Sciences, Infant, medicine.disease, Hypoglycemia, MESH: Male, Neuroanatomy, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 030104 developmental biology, Metabolic Disorders, Mutation, MESH: Female, Neuroscience, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by an absent or ectopic posterior pituitary, interrupted pituitary stalk and anterior pituitary hypoplasia, as well as in some cases, a range of heterogeneous somatic anomalies. A genetic cause is identified in only around 5% of all cases. Here, we define the genetic variants associated with PSIS followed by the same pediatric endocrinologist. Exome sequencing was performed in 52 (33 boys and 19 girls), including 2 familial cases single center pediatric cases, among them associated 36 (69.2%) had associated symptoms or syndromes. We identified rare and novel variants in genes (37 families with 39 individuals) known to be involved in one or more of the following—midline development and/or pituitary development or function (BMP4, CDON, GLI2, GLI3, HESX1, KIAA0556, LHX9, NKX2-1, PROP1, PTCH1, SHH, TBX19, TGIF1), syndromic and non-syndromic forms of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CCDC141, CHD7, FANCA, FANCC, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCG, IL17RD, KISS1R, NSMF, PMM2, SEMA3E, WDR11), syndromic forms of short stature (FGFR3, NBAS, PRMT7, RAF1, SLX4, SMARCA2, SOX11), cerebellum atrophy with optic anomalies (DNMT1, NBAS), axonal migration (ROBO1, SLIT2), and agenesis of the corpus callosum (ARID1B, CC2D2A, CEP120, CSPP1, DHCR7, INPP5E, VPS13B, ZNF423). Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome is characterized by a complex genetic heterogeneity, that reflects a complex phenotypic heterogeneity. Seizures, intellectual disability, micropenis or cryptorchidism, seen at presentation are usually considered as secondary to the pituitary deficiencies. However, this study shows that they are due to specific gene mutations. PSIS should therefore be considered as part of the phenotypic spectrum of other known genetic syndromes rather than as specific clinical entity.
Published: 2020
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15. Episiotomy practices in France: epidemiology and risk factors in non-operative vaginal deliveries

Author: Clesse Christophe, Quantin Catherine, Cottenet Jonathan, Goueslard Karine, Lighezzolo-Alnot Joelle, Sagot Paul, Scheffler Michele, University of London [London], Laboratoire de psychologie de l'interaction et des relations intersubjectives (INTERPSY), Université de Lorraine (UL), ELSAN Polyclinique Majorelle, Service Biostatistiques et Informatique Médicale (CHU de Dijon) (DIM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Epidemiologie Clinique/Essais Cliniques (CIC-EC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (B2PHI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lighezzolo-Alnot, Joëlle, and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Episiotomy, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Practice Patterns, Physicians' / trends, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, lcsh:Medicine, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Logistic regression, Article, [SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Shoulder dystocia, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Practice Patterns, Physicians' / statistics & numerical data, MESH: Pregnancy, Meconium, MESH: Risk Factors, Epidemiology, Medicine, MESH: Episiotomy / adverse effects, MESH: Episiotomy / statistics & numerical data, 030212 general & internal medicine, Risk factor, lcsh:Science, education, education.field_of_study, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Obstetrics, lcsh:R, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Health care, MESH: Adult, MESH: Retrospective Studies, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, MESH: France, Risk factors, lcsh:Q, business, MESH: Episiotomy / trends, MESH: Female, Cohort study
Abstract: Episiotomy use has decreased due to the lack of evidence on its protective effects from maternal obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Indications for episiotomy vary considerably and there are a great variety of factors associated with its use. The aim of this article is to describe the episiotomy rate in France between 2013 and 2017 and the factors associated with its use in non-operative vaginal deliveries. In this retrospective population-based cohort study, we included vaginal deliveries performed in French hospitals (N = 584) and for which parity was coded. The variable of interest was the rate of episiotomy, particularly for non-operative vaginal deliveries. Trends in the episiotomy rates were studied using the Cochran-Armitage test. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with episiotomy according to maternal age and parity. Between 2013 and 2017, French episiotomy rates fell from 21.6 to 14.3% for all vaginal deliveries (p
Published: 2020
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16. Maternal body mass index in early pregnancy and severe asphyxia-related complications in preterm infants

Author: Sven Cnattingius, Neda Razaz, Stefan Johansson, Ayoub Mitha, Ruoqing Chen, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Hôpital Jeanne de Flandres, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: MESH: Asphyxia, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Overweight, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, MESH: Gestational Age, Mass index, 030212 general & internal medicine, 2. Zero hunger, Obstetrics, nationwide cohort study, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Gestational age, General Medicine, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Miscellaneous, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Cohort, MESH: Sweden, Maternal body mass index, Female, preterm morbidity, medicine.symptom, Infant, Premature, MESH: Infant, Premature, medicine.medical_specialty, Gestational Age, MESH: Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Asphyxia, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Humans, AcademicSubjects/MED00860, MESH: Overweight, Sweden, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, medicine.disease, Obesity, Confidence interval, Pregnancy Complications, Relative risk, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: BackgroundLittle is known about the associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) and asphyxia-related morbidity in preterm infants (MethodsIn this Swedish population-based cohort of 62 499 singleton non-malformed preterm infants born from 1997 to 2011, risks of low Apgar scores (0–3) at 5 and 10 minutes, neonatal seizures and intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) were estimated through two analytical approaches. In the conventional approach, the denominator for risk was all live births at a given gestational age. In the fetuses-at-risk (FAR) approach, the denominator for risk was ongoing pregnancies at a given gestational age.ResultsUsing the conventional approach, adjusted risk ratios per 10-unit BMI increase were 1.32 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13–1.54] and 1.37 (95% CI 1.12–1.67) for low Apgar scores at 5 and 10 minutes, respectively; 1.28 (95% CI 1.00–1.65) for neonatal seizures; and 1.18 (95% CI 1.01–1.37) for IVH. Using the FAR approach, corresponding risks were higher. These associations varied by gestational age (ConclusionsIncreasing maternal BMI in early pregnancy is associated with increased risks of severe asphyxia-related complications in preterm infants. Our findings add to the evidence to support interventions to reduce obesity in woman of reproductive age.
Published: 2020
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17. Congenital Leishmaniasis in a Newborn Infant Whose Mother was Coinfected With Leishmaniasis and HIV

Author: Sylvie Lariven, Florence Michard, Aline Rideau, Sandrine Houzé, Anais Lemoine, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Christophe Ravel, A. Faye, Lahcene Allal, Agnès Bourgeois Moine, Nicolas Argy, Laurence Choudat, Pierre Buffet, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris (UPD5 Pharmacie), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Mère et enfant en milieu tropical : pathogènes, système de santé et transition épidémiologique (MERIT - UMR_D 216), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Paris (UP), Services de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Bichat], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Robert Debré Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Département d'Anatomo-Pathologie [Hôpital Bichat], Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses [CHRU Montpellier] (CNR-L), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge (BIGR (UMR_S_1134 / U1134)), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine [Paris] (INTS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Paris (UP), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Université de Paris - UFR Médecine Paris Centre [Santé] (UP Médecine Paris Centre), Université de Paris (UP), Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables (ECEVE (U1123 / UMR_S_1123)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université de Paris (UP), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord
Subjects: Pediatrics, MESH: Leishmaniasis, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Parasite Load, Amphotericin B failure, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Congenital, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Leishmania–HIV coinfection, Medicine, Leishmania infantum, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Transplacental, Leishmaniasis, 0303 health sciences, Fetal Growth Retardation, biology, Coinfection, Transmission (medicine), MESH: Infant, Newborn, Brain, General Medicine, MESH: HIV Infections, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Leishmania infantum, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Transplacental transmission, MESH: Fetal Growth Retardation, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Brain, 030225 pediatrics, Humans, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, MESH: Humans, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, MESH: Adult, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Infant newborn, MESH: Coinfection, MESH: Parasite Load, Visceral leishmaniasis, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: In utero transmission of Leishmania infantum is the putative mechanism of congenital leishmaniasis. However, this hypothesis is based on limited research. In addition, the consequences for infant newborn development remain to be clarified by additional data. We report here the occurrence, specific management, and monitoring of congenital leishmaniasis in a newborn infant whose mother was coinfected with leishmaniasis and human immunodeficiency virus; transplacental transmission, confirmed by overt clinical disease at birth, was documented, which provides, to our knowledge, the first evidence of hepatic and neurologic impairment in an infant with congenital visceral leishmaniasis.
Published: 2020
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18. [Psychological development of children born by medically assisted procreation]

Author: Fond, G., Franc, N., Sarfati, Y., Purper-Ouakil, D., Boyer, L., Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Département Pédiatrie [CHRU Montpellier], Pôle Femme Mère Enfant [CHRU Montpellier], and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)
Subjects: Reproductive Techniques, Assisted, MESH: Reproductive Rights, Psychology, Child, MESH: Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, MESH: Pregnancy, Child Development, Pregnancy, MESH: Child, Humans, MESH: Infertility, Child, MESH: Psychology, Child, MESH: Child Development, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, MESH: Humans, Reproductive Rights, MESH: Child, Preschool, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Child Health, Infant, Newborn, Infant, MESH: Infant, MESH: France, MESH: Reproductive Techniques, Assisted, Patient Rights, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Child, Preschool, Infertility, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, MESH: Patient Rights, Female, France, MESH: Child Health, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; L’Académie nationale de médecine (ANM) a émis en septembre 2019 un rapport sur le projet de loi relatif à la bioéthique [1]. Ce rapport concernait, entre autres, l’extension de l’accès à l’assistance médicale à la procréation aux couples de femmes et aux femmes célibataires. Le critère médical d’infertilité, qui conditionnait cet accès serait désormais supprimé, comme c’est le cas dans certains pays européens comme la Belgique et l’Espagne. La prise en charge par l’assurance maladie reste identique et se trouve étendue aux nouveaux publics éligibles.
Published: 2020
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19. Pertussis epidemiology in Tunisian infants and children and characterization of Bordetella pertussis isolates: results of a 9-year surveillance study, 2007 to 2016

Author: Sylvain Brisse, Ikram Ben Fraj, Amel Kechrid, Nicole Guiso, Hanen Smaoui, Sophie Guillot, Valérie Bouchez, Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Béchir Hamza Children's Hospital, Biodiversité et Epidémiologie des Bactéries pathogènes - Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre National de Référence de la Coqueluche et autres bordetelloses (CNR), This work received no specific grant from any funding agency. The French National Reference Center is supported financially by Institut Pasteur and Public Health France., and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Bordetella pertussis, Whooping Cough, Bordetella, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Bordetella pertussis, MESH: Genotype, Nasopharynx, MESH: Child, Genotype, MESH: Cough, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Child, Bordetella holmesii, MESH: Immunoblotting, biology, pertussis, Incidence (epidemiology), MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Bronchi, General Medicine, MESH: Whooping Cough, MESH: Infant, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Trachea, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, surveillance, Female, epidemiology, Pertactin, MESH: Tunisia, Microbiology (medical), Tunisia, Immunoblotting, 030106 microbiology, Bronchi, MESH: Phenotype, Microbiology, Bordetella parapertussis, MESH: Cyanosis, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents, Humans, Genotyping, Cyanosis, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Infant, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Male, MESH: Nasopharynx, MESH: Prospective Studies, 030104 developmental biology, Cough, genotyping, business, MESH: Female, MESH: Trachea
Abstract: International audience; Purpose. Pertussis remains a public health concern in most countries. Our study aimed to prospectively explore the epidemiology of pertussis in the Tunis area of Tunisia between 2007 and 2016, and to characterize the virulence-associated genes of the collected Bordetella pertussis isolates.Methodology. Infants and children hospitalized at the Children’s Hospital of Tunis, Tunisia, between 2007 and 2016 for suspicion of pertussis were enrolled in the study. Culture and real-time PCR (qPCR) assays targeting IS481, IS1001, recA, H-IS1001 and ptxP were used to confirm the pertussis diagnosis. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of recovered isolates was performed.Results/Key findings. A total of 1844 children were included in the study. Overall, 306 children (16.6 %) with Bordetella infection were confirmed by qPCR. Among them, 265 (86.6 %) were confirmed as having B. pertussis (IS481+, ptxP+, H-IS1001−), 18 (5.9 %) as having Bordetella parapertussis (IS481−, IS1001+) and 11 (3.6 %) as having Bordetella spp. (IS481+, ptxP−, H-IS1001−). No Bordetella holmesii (IS481+, IS1001−, H-IS1001+) was identified. The estimated pertussis incidence in the Tunis area was 134/100 000 in children aged less than 5 years. Two epidemic peaks were observed in 2009 and 2014. Ten B. pertussis isolates were cultured and characterized. Deficiency in pertactin expression was not observed, and genotyping of the isolates revealed a predominant allelic profile: ptxP3-ptxA1-prn2-fim2-1-fim3-2.Conclusion. This study demonstrated that pertussis is still present as a cyclical disease in Tunisia, despite high primo-vaccination coverage with a pertussis whole-cell vaccine. The predominant genotype of Tunisian B. pertussis isolates is similar to isolates circulating in countries using the acellular vaccine.
Published: 2019
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20. Geographic distribution of anti-Leptospira antibodies in humans in Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Author: V. Akran, Sylla Aboubacar, Abdoulaye Ouattara, Syndou Meite, Pascale Bourhy, Stephane Kan Kouassi, Mireille Dosso, Stephane Koffi, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny (UFHB), Biologie des Spirochètes / Biology of Spirochetes, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Geography, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Disease, MESH: Leptospira, Medical microbiology, Seroepidemiologic Studies, MESH: Child, MESH: Antibodies, Bacterial, Child, Socioeconomics, Leptospira, MESH: Aged, education.field_of_study, MESH: Middle Aged, Geography, biology, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Leptospirosis, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Antibodies, Bacterial, MESH: Infant, Leptospirosis, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Female, Adult, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, MESH: Cote d'Ivoire, 030106 microbiology, Population, Subtropics, Serogroup, Antibodies, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, education, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, Bacterial disease, Côte d’Ivoire, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Infant, MESH: Adult, MESH: Serogroup, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Male, Cote d'Ivoire, 030104 developmental biology, MESH: Female
Abstract: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease with a worldwide importance, mostly frequent in tropical and subtropical countries. In Côte d'Ivoire, little is known about leptospirosis and human data are sparse. This disease is usually misdiagnosed with other febrile illnesses, and determining high-risk areas could allow better management of this disease, leading to policies. This study aims to map leptospirosis exposure areas by determining geographic distribution of anti-Leptospira antibodies in humans in Côte d'Ivoire. A total of 384 serum samples were randomly selected in the national surveillance system for communicable diseases in 2014. All the 82 health districts were include in the study. Serums were screened by ELISA at Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire and confirmed by MAT in the National Reference Centre for leptospirosis in Institut Pasteur in Paris. In these samples, ELISA screened 90 specimens showing anti-Leptospira antibodies and 36 specimens were confirmed by MAT (9.4%). Observed cases were mostly located in health districts of the western and the southern parts of the country. People with anti-Leptospira antibodies had a mean age of 34.5 years old and a sex ratio of 2. This pattern corresponds to active low-income farmers working into agricultural fields. This study reveals circulation of leptospirosis in human population in Côte d'Ivoire. The disease seems to be more frequent in the western and the southern parts of the country. Active low-income farmers working into agricultural fields without personal protective gear could be one of the most at-risk populations.
Published: 2018
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21. Long-term persistence of monotypic dengue transmission in small size isolated populations, French Polynesia, 1978-2014

Author: Bernard Cazelles, Anavaj Sakuntabhai, Carlos J. Dommar, Henrik Salje, Xavier Rodó, Richard Paul, Maite Aubry, Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau, Yoann Teissier, Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales [Sciences] - Université Paris Cité, Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Génétique fonctionnelle des maladies infectieuses - Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICREA Infection Biology Laboratory (Department of Experimental and Health Sciences), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal), Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses - Mathematical modelling of Infectious Diseases, Unité de modélisation mathématique et informatique des systèmes complexes [Bondy] (UMMISCO), Université de Yaoundé I-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Interdisciplinary and Global Environmental Studies (iGLOBES), University of Arizona-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Commission Seventh Framework Program [FP7/2007-2013] for the DENFREE project under Grant Agreement n ̊ 282378.Délégation à la Recherche de la Polynésie française, European Project: 282378,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-single-stage,DENFREE(2012), Université de Paris - UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales [Sciences], Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord])-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université de Yaoundé I-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paul, Richard [0000-0002-0665-5089], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: Male, Serotype, Topography, Epidemiology, RC955-962, French Polynesia, Social Sciences, Dengue virus, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, MESH: Dengue Virus, Geographical locations, 0302 clinical medicine, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, MESH: Child, MESH: Incidence, Child, Islands, Aged, 80 and over, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Middle Aged, Geography, Incidence, Eukaryota, Spatial epidemiology, MESH: Polynesia, Island hopping, MESH: Infant, Viral Persistence and Latency, 3. Good health, Medical Microbiology, MESH: Young Adult, Viral Pathogens, Child, Preschool, Public aspects of medicine, Zoology, MESH: Disease Transmission, Infectious, Human Geography, Serogroup, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Humans, Epidemics, Microbial Pathogens, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Flaviviruses, MESH: Child, Preschool, Organisms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, MESH: Adult, Dengue Virus, medicine.disease, Invertebrates, Insect Vectors, Species Interactions, 030104 developmental biology, Period (geology), Human Mobility, People and places, MESH: Female, RNA viruses, 0301 basic medicine, Spatial Epidemiology, MESH: Dengue, Disease Vectors, medicine.disease_cause, Mosquitoes, Dengue fever, Dengue, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Medicine and Health Sciences, MESH: Aged, Population size, Incidence (epidemiology), MESH: Infant, Newborn, Middle Aged, Insects, Air Travel, Infectious Diseases, Viruses, Female, Pathogens, RA1-1270, Research Article, Adult, Arthropoda, Adolescent, Oceania, 030231 tropical medicine, Polynesia, Young Adult, Virology, medicine, Animals, MESH: Epidemics, Landforms, Biology and life sciences, Infant, Newborn, Geomorphology, MESH: Serogroup, MESH: Male, Earth Sciences, Viral Transmission and Infection
Abstract: Understanding the transition of epidemic to endemic dengue transmission remains a challenge in regions where serotypes co-circulate and there is extensive human mobility. French Polynesia, an isolated group of 117 islands of which 72 are inhabited, distributed among five geographically separated subdivisions, has recorded mono-serotype epidemics since 1944, with long inter-epidemic periods of circulation. Laboratory confirmed cases have been recorded since 1978, enabling exploration of dengue epidemiology under monotypic conditions in an isolated, spatially structured geographical location. A database was constructed of confirmed dengue cases, geolocated to island for a 35-year period. Statistical analyses of viral establishment, persistence and fade-out as well as synchrony among subdivisions were performed. Seven monotypic and one heterotypic dengue epidemic occurred, followed by low-level viral circulation with a recrudescent epidemic occurring on one occasion. Incidence was asynchronous among the subdivisions. Complete viral die-out occurred on several occasions with invasion of a new serotype. Competitive serotype replacement has been observed previously and seems to be characteristic of the South Pacific. Island population size had a strong impact on the establishment, persistence and fade-out of dengue cases and endemicity was estimated achievable only at a population size in excess of 175 000. Despite island remoteness and low population size, dengue cases were observed somewhere in French Polynesia almost constantly, in part due to the spatial structuration generating asynchrony among subdivisions. Long-term persistence of dengue virus in this group of island populations may be enabled by island hopping, although could equally be explained by a reservoir of sub-clinical infections on the most populated island, Tahiti., Author summary Dengue virus is the most significant arthropod-borne virus infecting man. Understanding how long dengue virus can persist in populations of varying size is key to understanding its epidemiology. This is, however, impossible to achieve in settings where dengue is endemic, because of continued human movement and is further complexified by the occurrence of several co-circulating serotypes. By contrast, French Polynesia, an isolated group of 72 inhabited islands in the South Pacific, has had intermittent majoritarily monotypic dengue epidemics since the 1940s and offers a unique opportunity to address questions of viral persistence, turnover and the importance of spatial sub-structure in determining dengue epidemiology. Collating and analyzing a database of laboratory-confirmed dengue cases from across French Polynesia over a 35 year period we were able to show that dengue virus die-out can occur with or without replacement by a new serotype, monotypic transmission of dengue viruses fails to be maintained within small island populations but can persist for years among isolated islands connected via air and sea links. This remarkable long-term persistence of dengue virus in French Polynesia could be maintained by asynchronous viral transmission among connected islands and/or by repeated seeding from a reservoir of sub-clinical infections in the most populated island, Tahiti.
Published: 2020
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22. Epigenome-wide meta-analysis of blood DNA methylation in newborns and children identifies numerous loci related to gestational age

Author: Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Catherine Allard, Andres Cardenas, Olivia Solomon, Barbara Heude, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, Wilfried Karmaus, Terence Dwyer, Katri Räikkönen, Darina Czamara, Olena Gruzieva, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Manolis Kogevinas, Simon Kebede Merid, Hongmei Zhang, Wenche Nystad, Florianne O L Vehmeijer, Erik Melén, Susan Ewart, Lu Gao, Michelle Plusquin, Sarah E. Reese, Munawar Hussain Soomro, Marie-France Hivert, Zdenko Herceg, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Janine F. Felix, Luigi Bouchard, Göran Pershagen, Jordi Sunyer, Alexei Novoloaca, Joseph L. Wiemels, Elisabeth B. Binder, John P. Newnham, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Ellen A. Nohr, Nabila Kazmi, Carrie V. Breton, Ashok Kumar, Juha Kere, Nina Holland, Josep M. Antó, Debbie A Lawlor, Karen Huen, Rae-Chi Huang, Inger Kull, Brenda Eskenazi, Paolo Vineis, Matthias Wielscher, Monica Cheng Munthe-Kaas, Catarina Almqvist, Cilla Söderhäll, Lucas A. Salas, Jean Bousquet, Alvin T. Kho, Patrice Perron, Petter Brodin, Martine Vrijheid, Kelan G. Tantisira, Per Magnus, Scott T. Weiss, Faisal I. Rezwan, Nour Baïz, Stephanie J. London, Gemma C Sharp, Phillip E. Melton, Emily Oken, Luigi Gagliardi, John W. Holloway, Gerard H. Koppelman, Siri E. Håberg, Caroline L Relton, Leanne K. Küpers, Denise Anderson, Jari Lahti, Tim S. Nawrot, Mariona Bustamante, Priyadarshini Kachroo, S. Hasan Arshad, Dawn L. DeMeo, Liesbeth Duijts, Sylvain Sebert, Shanshan Zhao, Eva Corpeleijn, Judith M. Vonk, Christian M. Page, Harold Snieder, Pooja Jain, Akram Ghantous, Anna Bergström, Cheng-Jian Xu, Ritu Roy, Rezwan, Faisal Ibne/0000-0001-9921-222X, Holloway, John/0000-0001-9998-0464, Lawlor, Debbie A/0000-0002-6793-2262, Salas, Lucas A/0000-0002-2279-4097, Cardenas, Andres/0000-0003-2284-3298, Sharp, Gemma/0000-0003-2906-4035, Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Reproductive Origins of Adult Health and Disease (ROAHD), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Doctoral Programme in Cognition, Learning, Instruction and Communication, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Developmental Psychology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, STEMM - Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Juha Kere / Principal Investigator, Research Programs Unit, HUS Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District, UNIVERSITY OF OULU, Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, International Agency for Cancer Research (IACR), MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit [Bristol, Royaume-Uni] (MRC IEU), University of Bristol [Bristol], Bristol Medical School, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Groningen [Groningen], Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC), Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center [San Francisco], Southern California University of Health Sciences (SCU), Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department [iPlesp] (EPAR), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre [London], Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust-King‘s College London, Imperial College London, Hasselt University (UHasselt), Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Cranfield University, University of Memphis (U of M), University of Oulu, Department of Biology and Biocenter Oulu, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Curtin University [Bentley, WA, Australie], The University of Western Australia (UWA), NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine [Stockholm, Sweden] (Region Stockholm), University of Southern California (USC), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), USL Tuscany Northwest, NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Partenaires INRAE, University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), CHUS – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke, QC, Canada], University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Durham] (NIEHS-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer - International Agency for Research on Cancer (CIRC - IARC), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University [New York], Telethon KIDS Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital [Boston, MA], Département des Sciences Fondamentales [Saguenay, QC, Canada], Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (CBMR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), University of Southampton, The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary's Hospital-University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health (NDWRH), University of Oxford- John Radcliffe Hospital [Oxford University Hospital], Murdoch Children's Research Institute (MCRI), Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University [Atlanta, GA], Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Sachs' Children's Hospital, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Research Team on Early life Origins of Health (EarOH), Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Brigham & Women’s Hospital [Boston] (BWH), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], University of Basel (Unibas), Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], School of Public Health [Berkeley], University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Beatrix Children's Hospital, Folkhälsan Research Center, Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17165 Sweden., Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Erasmus MC other, and Pediatrics
Subjects: Male, Physiology, MESH: Epigenome, Fetal Development, Epigenome, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Child, MATERNAL SMOKING, CORD BLOOD, Aetiology, Child, Lung, Genetics & Heredity, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, ASSOCIATION, ALSPAC, 3. Good health, Child, Preschool, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Epigenetics, Infant, Premature, Clinical Sciences, Development, 03 medical and health sciences, Clinical Research, Genetics, Humans, Transcriptomics, Premature, Molecular Biology, MESH: Adolescent, 0604 Genetics, Pregnancy, MESH: Humans, Science & Technology, MESH: Child, Preschool, lcsh:R, PRENATAL ARSENIC EXPOSURE, Infant, DNA, DNA Methylation, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Genetic Loci, COHORT PROFILE, MESH: Female, 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Premature Birth, Nutrition and Disease, lcsh:Medicine, Reproductive health and childbirth, MESH: DNA Methylation, Voeding en Ziekte, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, RUNX3 GENE, Genetics (clinical), RISK, Pediatric, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: DNA, Gestational age, Premature birth, Cord blood, DNA methylation, Premature Birth, Molecular Medicine, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, MESH: Fetal Development, MESH: Infant, Premature, lcsh:QH426-470, Adolescent, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, MESH: Genetic Loci, [SDV.MHEP.PED] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, medicine, Preschool, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Fetus, business.industry, Research, Human Genome, Infant, Newborn, CHILDHOOD ASTHMA, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Preterm birth, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Newborn, MESH: Male, lcsh:Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, 3111 Biomedicine, WEIGHT, business
Abstract: Background Preterm birth and shorter duration of pregnancy are associated with increased morbidity in neonatal and later life. As the epigenome is known to have an important role during fetal development, we investigated associations between gestational age and blood DNA methylation in children. Methods We performed meta-analysis of Illumina’s HumanMethylation450-array associations between gestational age and cord blood DNA methylation in 3648 newborns from 17 cohorts without common pregnancy complications, induced delivery or caesarean section. We also explored associations of gestational age with DNA methylation measured at 4–18 years in additional pediatric cohorts. Follow-up analyses of DNA methylation and gene expression correlations were performed in cord blood. DNA methylation profiles were also explored in tissues relevant for gestational age health effects: fetal brain and lung. Results We identified 8899 CpGs in cord blood that were associated with gestational age (range 27–42 weeks), at Bonferroni significance, P − 7, of which 3343 were novel. These were annotated to 4966 genes. After restricting findings to at least three significant adjacent CpGs, we identified 1276 CpGs annotated to 325 genes. Results were generally consistent when analyses were restricted to term births. Cord blood findings tended not to persist into childhood and adolescence. Pathway analyses identified enrichment for biological processes critical to embryonic development. Follow-up of identified genes showed correlations between gestational age and DNA methylation levels in fetal brain and lung tissue, as well as correlation with expression levels. Conclusions We identified numerous CpGs differentially methylated in relation to gestational age at birth that appear to reflect fetal developmental processes across tissues. These findings may contribute to understanding mechanisms linking gestational age to health effects.
Published: 2020
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23. The genomic and clinical landscape of fetal akinesia

Author: Eva Maria Christina Schwaibold, Katharina Schoner, Harald von Pein, Haluk Topaloglu, Harald Ehrhardt, Goknur Haliloglu, Raoul Heller, Haicui Wang, Mona Kreutzer, Mireille Cossée, Andreas Hahn, Slavica Ostojic, Anne Schänzer, Cho-Ming Chao, Mert Karakaya, Özgür Duman, Janine Altmüller, Nursel Elcioglu, Susanne Motameny, Hülya-Sevcan Daimagüler, Holger Thiele, Anne Koy, Özkan Özdemir, Sebahattin Cirak, Marion Imbert-Bouteille, Kerstin Becker, Amit Kawalia, Jens Reimann, Peter Nürnberg, Matthias Pergande, Jens H. Westhoff, Center for Molecular Medicine [Cologne] (CMMC), University of Cologne, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Experimental Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne Center for Genomics [Cologne] (CCG), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Institute of Human Genetics [Cologne], Universitätsklinikum Köln (Uniklinik Köln)-University of Cologne, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Marmara University [Kadıköy - İstanbul], Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU), Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia [Belgrade, Serbia] (MCHCI), Akdeniz University, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Philipps University of Marburg, Department of Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University, University Children's Hospital of Heidelberg [Heidelberg, Germany], Institute of Human Genetics [Heidelberg, Germany], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Service de génétique médicale [Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Hacettepe University Children's Hospital, Genetic Health Service New Zealand, Faculty of Medicine [Cologne], University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne]-University of Cologne, Pergande, Matthias, Motameny, Susanne, Oezdemir, Oezkan, Kreutzer, Mona, Wang, Haicui, Daimagueler, Huelya-Sevcan, Becker, Kerstin, Karakaya, Mert, Ehrhardt, Harald, Elcioglu, Nursel, Ostojic, Slavica, Chao, Cho-Ming, Kawalia, Amit, Duman, Ozgur, Koy, Anne, Hahn, Andreas, Reimann, Jens, Schoner, Katharina, Schaenzer, Anne, Westhoff, Jens H., Schwaibold, Eva Maria Christina, Cossee, Mireille, Imbert-Bouteille, Marion, von Pein, Harald, Haliloglu, Goknur, Topaloglu, Haluk, Altmueller, Janine, Nuernberg, Peter, Thiele, Holger, Heller, Raoul, and Cirak, Sebahattin
Subjects: Male, Candidate gene, Myopathy, VARIANTS, Fetal akinesia, MESH: Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Child, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, MESH: Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Exome, Copy-number variation, Child, MESH: High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Genetics (clinical), Genetics, Arthrogryposis, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Genetic Predisposition to Disease, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, RNA-Binding Proteins, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Fetal Diseases, MESH: Fetal Diseases, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, ASAH1, Female, MESH: DNA Copy Number Variations, medicine.symptom, Adult, GENETICS, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, MESH: Trans-Activators, MESH: Arthrogryposis, Biology, ASPM, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Muscular Diseases, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Adolescent, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, MESH: Humans, MUTATIONS, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, MESH: Muscular Diseases, Infant, NEMALINE MYOPATHY, Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, Congenital myopathy, MESH: Male, MESH: RNA-Binding Proteins, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, DISTAL ARTHROGRYPOSIS, Trans-Activators, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Fetal akinesia has multiple clinical subtypes with over 160 gene associations, but the genetic etiology is not yet completely understood.Methods: In this study, 51 patients from 47 unrelated families were analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques aiming to decipher the genomic landscape of fetal akinesia (FA).Results: We have identified likely pathogenic gene variants in 37 cases and report 41 novel variants. Additionally, we report putative pathogenic variants in eight cases including nine novel variants. Our work identified 14 novel disease-gene associations for fetal akinesia: ADSSL1, ASAH1, ASPM, ATP2B3, EARS2, FBLN1, PRG4, PRICKLE1, ROR2, SETBP1, SCN5A, SCN8A, and ZEB2. Furthermore, a sibling pair harbored a homozygous copy-number variant in TNNT1, an ultrarare congenital myopathy gene that has been linked to arthrogryposis via Gene Ontology analysis.Conclusion: Our analysis indicates that genetic defects leading to primary skeletal muscle diseases might have been underdiagnosed, especially pathogenic variants in RYR1. We discuss three novel putative fetal akinesia genes: GCN1, IQSEC3 and RYR3. Of those, IQSEC3, and RYR3 had been proposed as neuromuscular disease-associated genes recently, and our findings endorse them as FA candidate genes. By combining NGS with deep clinical phenotyping, we achieved a 73% success rate of solved cases.
Published: 2020
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24. Early needle aspiration of large infant cephalohematoma: a safe procedure to avoid esthetic complications

Author: Michèle Bigorre, A. Lamouroux, Guillaume Captier, Fabian Blanc, Service de chirurgie pédiatrique [Hôpital Lapeyronie-Arnaud de Villeneuve], Hôpital Lapeyronie [Montpellier] (CHU), Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes] (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Aide à la Décision pour une Médecine Personnalisé - Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie et Recherche Clinique - EA 2415 (AIDMP), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)
Subjects: Male, Plagiocephaly, Diseases, Severity of Illness Index, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Secondary Prevention, Local anesthesia, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Cohort Studies, MESH: Academic Medical Centers, MESH: Treatment Outcome, Academic Medical Centers, Hematoma, MESH: Anesthesia, Local, MESH: Secondary Prevention, Biopsy, Needle, MESH: Infant, Newborn, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment Outcome, [SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, Female, MESH: Skull, France, MESH: Esthetics, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Biopsy, Needle, Esthetics, [SDV.MHEP.CHI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 030225 pediatrics, MESH: Severity of Illness Index, medicine, Humans, Retrospective Studies, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Skull, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Retrospective cohort study, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Cephalohematoma, MESH: Retrospective Studies, medicine.disease, Newborn, MESH: Male, Surgery, MESH: France, MESH: Hematoma, Scalp, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, MESH: Ultrasonography, Doppler, business, Complication, MESH: Female, Nonsynostotic, Calcification, Anesthesia, Local
Abstract: International audience; Cephalohematoma is a common pathology in newborns. Observation is the primary treatment for most patients with small uncomplicated cephalohematoma. Conversely, a large cephalohematoma can lead to calcification with unesthetic local deformation or deformational plagiocephaly. The objective of the study was to evaluate the iatrogenic risk associated with early puncture under local anesthesia and oral sucrose. This is a retrospective study of 67 consecutive newborns followed at Montpellier University Hospital, France, between 2010 and 2017. Large cephalohematoma was defined on the basis of the bump projection. Due to the uncertainty of the spontaneous resorption and the risk of calcification after 4 weeks which render the needle aspiration ineffective, puncture was performed between 2 and 4 weeks of life after coagulation evaluation and ultrasound of the skull and scalp. Puncture was performed in 43 boys (64%) and 24 (36%) girls between day 15 and day 30 after birth. The cephalohematoma maximal projection measured by ultrasound ranged from 9 to 13 mm (Q1,Q4) with a median value of 12 mm. No puncture-related complication was recorded during the intervention and at the 1-month follow-up visit.Conclusion: In newborns with large and persistent unesthetic cephalohematoma, puncture under local anesthesia with oral sucrose can be safely proposed between day 15 and day 30 after birth.What is Known:• Infant cephalohematoma is a frequent pathology of newborns, consisting of a traumatic subperiosteal hematoma of the skull. Most cephalohematomas are small and require no treatment because they spontaneously disappear within the first month.• Large and non-resorptive cephalohematomas may have significant esthetic and functional consequences.What is New:• Early puncture under local anesthesia is a safe, effective, and rapid procedure, decreasing the risk of persistent skull deformities.• Puncture can be proposed for newborns with a large (high projection and/or high angle connection) persistent anesthetic cephalohematoma, between day 15 and day 30, before spontaneous calcification.
Published: 2020
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25. Prophylactic hydrocortisone in extremely preterm infants and brain MRI abnormality

Author: Alison, Marianne, Tilea, Bogdana, Toumazi, Artemis, Biran, Valérie, Mohamed, Damir, Alberti, Corinne, Bourmaud, Aurélie, Baud, Olivier, PREMILOC Trial group, AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires (NeuroDiderot (UMR_S_1141 / U1141)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre d'Investigation Clinique - Epidemiologie Clinique/essais Cliniques Hopital Robert Debre, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Male, Hydrocortisone, MESH: Logistic Models, Gastroenterology, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, ddc:618, MESH: Infant, Extremely Premature, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Confounding, Brain, Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Medicine, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Hydrocortisone, medicine.anatomical_structure, Infant, Extremely Premature, Female, medicine.symptom, Abnormality, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Brain damage, Placebo, White matter, MESH: Brain, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.PED] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, MESH: Neurodevelopmental Disorders, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, MESH: Humans, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Postmenstrual Age, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Logistic Models, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Brain Injuries, Intensive care, MESH: Brain Injuries, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Neonatology, business, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: ObjectiveTo determine whether early low-dose hydrocortisone treatment in extremely preterm infants is associated with brain damage assessed by MRI at term equivalent of age (TEA).Patients and outcomesThis is a predefined secondary analysis of brain abnormalities, observed by MRI at TEA, of patients randomly assigned to receive either placebo or hydrocortisone in the PREMILOC trial. Outcomes were based on brain abnormalities graded according to Kidokoro scores.ResultsAmong 412 survivors at TEA, 300 MRIs were performed and 295 were suitable for analysis. Kidokoro scoring was completed for 119/148 and 110/147 MRIs in the hydrocortisone and placebo groups, respectively. The distribution of the Kidokoro white matter (WM) subscore and other subscores was not significantly different between the two groups. There was, however, a significant association between a higher overall Kidokoro score and hydrocortisone treatment (5.84 (SD 3.51) for hydrocortisone and 4.98 (SD 2.52) for placebo; mean difference, 0.86; 95% CI 0.06 to 1.66; p=0.04). However, hydrocortisone was not statistically associated with moderate-to-severe brain lesions (Kidokoro overall score ≥6) in a multivariate logistic regression model accounting for potential confounding variables (adjusted OR (95% CI) 1.27 (0.75 to 2.14), p=0.38). Bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks postmenstrual age significantly predicted both WM damage (adjusted OR (95% CI) 2.70 (1.03 to 7.14), p=0.04) and global brain damage (adjusted OR (95% CI) 2.18 (1.19 to 3.99), p=0.01).ConclusionsEarly hydrocortisone exposure in extremely preterm infants is not statistically associated with either WM brain damage or overall moderate-to-severe brain lesions when adjusted for other neonatal variables.Trial registration numberEudraCT number 2007-002041-20, NCT00623740
Published: 2020
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26. Baseline characteristics and clinical symptoms related to respiratory viruses identified among patients presenting with influenza-like illness in primary care

Author: M. Valette, Clément Turbelin, S van der Werf, Sylvie Behillil, Bruno Lina, Lisandru Capai, Cécile Souty, Ana-Maria Vilcu, Shirley Masse, Thierry Blanchon, Alessandra Falchi, Isabelle Bonmarin, Thomas Hanslik, C. Pino, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de Virologie [UNIV Corse-Inserm] (EA7310), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Virpath-Grippe, de l'émergence au contrôle -- Virpath-Influenza, from emergence to control (Virpath), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Virologie [HCL, Lyon] (Institut des Agents Infectieux), Hospices civils de Lyon (HCL)-HCL Groupement Hospitalier Nord [Lyon]-Centre National de Reference des virus des Infections Respiratoires France Sud [HCL, Lyon], Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR - laboratoire coordonnateur), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Service de Médecine Interne [AP-HP Hôpital Ambroise Paré], Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 634446 to conduct the study in individuals aged 65 years or older and from Santé publique France, the national public health agency in France., European Project: 634446,H2020,H2020-PHC-2014-two-stage,I-MOVE-plus(2015), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR), Institut Pasteur [Paris], École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Rhinovirus, viruses, MESH: Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, medicine.disease_cause, Logistic regression, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Nasopharynx, MESH: Metapneumovirus, MESH: Child, Influenza-like illness, 030212 general & internal medicine, Respiratory system, Child, Respiratory Tract Infections, MESH: Orthomyxoviridae, MESH: Aged, Surveillance, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Rhinovirus, biology, MESH: Influenza, Human, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Age Factors, virus diseases, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Orthomyxoviridae, Primary care, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Young Adult, Baseline characteristics, Child, Preschool, Female, France, Seasons, Microbiology (medical), Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, 030106 microbiology, Virus, Article, MESH: Primary Health Care, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Human metapneumovirus, MESH: Diagnosis, Differential, Internal medicine, Influenza, Human, medicine, Humans, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Age Factors, Respiratory viruses, MESH: Humans, Primary Health Care, business.industry, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Respiratory infections, MESH: Adult, biology.organism_classification, Influenza, MESH: Male, MESH: Nasopharynx, respiratory tract diseases, MESH: France, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, MESH: Respiratory Tract Infections, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Metapneumovirus, business, MESH: Seasons, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Objectives: We aimed to identify patients' clinical characteristics associated with respiratory viruses identified among patients presenting with influenza-like illness (ILI).Methods: A sample of patients of all ages presenting with ILI was included by physicians of the French Sentinelles network during two seasons (2015/16 and 2016/17). Nasopharyngeal samples were tested for the presence of influenza virus (IV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human rhinovirus (HRV) and human metapneumovirus (HMPV). Patients' characteristics associated with each of the four virus classes were studied using multivariate logistic regressions.Results: A total of 5859 individuals were included in the study: 48.0% tested positive for IV, 7.9% for HRV, 7.5% for RSV and 4.1% for HMPV. Cough was associated with IV (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.81–2.52) RSV (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.75–3.74) and HMPV detection (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.40–3.45). Rhinorrhoea was associated mainly with HRV detection (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.34–2.32). Headache was associated with IV detection (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.34–2.32), whereas absence of headache was associated with RSV and HMPV detection. Dyspnoea was associated with RSV detection (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.73–3.12) and absence of dyspnoea with IV detection. Conjunctivitis was associated with IV detection (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.08–1.50). Some associations were observed only in children: dyspnoea and cough with RSV detection (age
Published: 2019
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27. Disentangling serology to elucidate henipa- and filovirus transmission in Madagascar fruit bats

Author: Alison J. Peel, Jean-Michel Heraud, Cara E. Brook, Christopher C. Broder, C. Jessica E. Metcalf, Louise Gibson, Andrew A. Cunningham, Hafaliana Christian Ranaivoson, Andrew P. Dobson, James L. N. Wood, Brook, Cara E [0000-0003-4276-073X], Cunningham, Andrew A [0000-0002-3543-6504], Peel, Alison J [0000-0003-3538-3550], Wood, James LN [0000-0002-0258-3188], Metcalf, C Jessica [0000-0003-3166-7521], Dobson, Andrew P [0000-0002-9678-1694], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Princeton University, Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Université d'Antananarivo, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Zoological Society of London - ZSL (UNITED KINGDOM), Griffith University [Brisbane], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Biological Defense Research Directorate (CCB), AI054715 (CCB), MR/P025226/1 (JLNW), Veterinary Research Grant (JLNW), Accelerate Postdoctoral Research Fellowship (AJP), Center for Health and Well-being Research Grant (CJEM), Doctoral Dissertation Improvement (CEB). Grant Number: 1600980, Graduate Research Fellowship Program (CEB), R01-AI129822-01 (JMH), Young Explorer's Grant (CEB). Grant Number: YEG-9269-13, Waitt Grant (CEB). Grant Number: W376-15, and Walbridge Graduate Research Fund (CEB)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, age-seroprevalence, MESH: Henipavirus Infections, Force of infection, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, MESH: Madagascar, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, law, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Chiroptera, MESH: Animals, Henipavirus Infections, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, education.field_of_study, biology, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Chiroptera, Pteropus, 3. Good health, Transmission (mechanics), [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Henipavirus, force of infection, filovirus, henipavirus, Population, Zoology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, Madagascar, Seroprevalence, Animals, Humans, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, MESH: Humans, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Eidolon dupreanum, Infant, Newborn, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, zoonosis, biology.organism_classification, Filoviridae, flying fox, MESH: Filoviridae, Rousettus madagascariensis, fruit bat, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Animal Science and Zoology, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Bats are reservoirs for emerging human pathogens, including Hendra and Nipah henipaviruses and Ebola and Marburg filoviruses. These viruses demonstrate predictable patterns in seasonality and age structure across multiple systems; previous work suggests that they may circulate in Madagascar's endemic fruit bats, which are widely consumed as human food. We aimed to (a) document the extent of henipa- and filovirus exposure among Malagasy fruit bats, (b) explore seasonality in seroprevalence and serostatus in these bat populations and (c) compare mechanistic hypotheses for possible transmission dynamics underlying these data. To this end, we amassed and analysed a unique dataset documenting longitudinal serological henipa- and filovirus dynamics in three Madagascar fruit bat species. We uncovered serological evidence of exposure to Hendra-/Nipah-related henipaviruses in Eidolon dupreanum, Pteropus rufus and Rousettus madagascariensis, to Cedar-related henipaviruses in E. dupreanum and R. madagascariensis and to Ebola-related filoviruses in P. rufus and R. madagascariensis. We demonstrated significant seasonality in population-level seroprevalence and individual serostatus for multiple viruses across these species, linked to the female reproductive calendar. An age-structured subset of the data highlighted evidence of waning maternal antibodies in neonates, increasing seroprevalence in young and decreasing seroprevalence late in life. Comparison of mechanistic epidemiological models fit to these data offered support for transmission hypotheses permitting waning antibodies but retained immunity in adult-age bats. Our findings suggest that bats may seasonally modulate mechanisms of pathogen control, with consequences for population-level transmission. Additionally, we narrow the field of candidate transmission hypotheses by which bats are presumed to host and transmit potentially zoonotic viruses globally.
Published: 2019
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28. Two tales: Worldwide distribution of Central Asian (CAS) versus ancestral East-African Indian (EAI) lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis underlines a remarkable cleavage for phylogeographical, epidemiological and demographical characteristics

Author: Nalin Rastogi, Yann Reynaud, David Couvin, Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries - WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), DC was awarded a Ph.D. fellowship by the European Social Funds through the Regional Council of Guadeloupe, while the work done at Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe was supported by a FEDER grant, financed by the European Union and Guadeloupe Region (Programme Opérationnel FEDER-Guadeloupe-Conseil Régional 2014-2020, Grant number 2015-FED-192)., The authors are highly grateful to various contributors who very kindly provided genotyping data to the previous versions of the database, from SpolDB1 (1999) to SpolDB4 (2006), and more recently to the SITVITWEB (2012) as well as the SITVIT2 (2018) and SITVITEXTEND (upcoming) databases., and European Project: 2015-FED-192,FEDER-Guadeloupe
Subjects: Male, MESH: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, MESH: Drug Resistance, Microbial, MESH: Geography, Epidemiology, MESH: Genotype, MESH: Child, MESH: Genetic Variation, MESH: Phylogeny, Child, Phylogeny, MESH: Middle Aged, Geography, MESH: Asia, Drug Resistance, Microbial, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Actinobacteria, Phylogeography, Biogeography, MESH: Phylogeography, MESH: Young Adult, HIV epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Medicine, Genotyping, Tuberculosis, Genotype, Science, 030106 microbiology, MESH: Bacterial Typing Techniques, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Sex Factors, Phylogenetics, Genetics, Humans, Molecular Biology Techniques, Molecular Biology, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Bacteria, MESH: Child, Preschool, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Genetic Variation, Infant, MESH: Adult, Bayes Theorem, medicine.disease, Tropical Diseases, MESH: DNA, Bacterial, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Geographic Distribution, 030104 developmental biology, Africa, MESH: India, MESH: Female, Population Genetics, Demography, 0301 basic medicine, Bacterial Diseases, Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Population Dynamics, Drug resistance, Serology, Geographical Locations, Medicine and Health Sciences, MESH: Aged, Multidisciplinary, biology, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Africa, Eastern, Middle Aged, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Infectious Diseases, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, Female, Research Article, Adult, DNA, Bacterial, Asia, Adolescent, MESH: Bayes Theorem, India, Research and Analysis Methods, Young Adult, Sex Factors, medicine, MESH: Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, MESH: Africa, Eastern, Evolutionary Biology, Population Biology, Infant, Newborn, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Male, People and Places, Earth Sciences
Abstract: International audience; The East African Indian (EAI) and Central Asian (CAS) lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) mainly infect tuberculosis (TB) patients in the eastern hemisphere which contains many of the 22 high TB burden countries including China and India. We investigated if phylogeographical, epidemiological and demographical characteristics for these 2 lineages differed in SITVIT2 database. Genotyping results and associated data (age, sex, HIV serology, drug resistance) on EAI and CAS lineages (n = 10,974 strains) were extracted. Phylogenetic and Bayesian, and other statistical analyses were used to compare isolates. The male/female sex ratio was 907/433 (2.09) for the EAI group vs. 881/544 (1.62) for CAS (p-value
Published: 2019
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29. Circulation and characterization of seasonal influenza viruses in Cambodia, 2012‐2015

Author: Savuth Chin, Yi-Mo Deng, Phalla Y, Sareth Rith, Srey Viseth Horm, Erik A. Karlsson, Amy Parry, Philippe Dussart, Chau Darapheak, Naomi Komadina, Sovann Ly, Ian G. Barr, Seng Heng, David Saunders, Reiko Tsuyouka, Philippe Buchy, Vanra Ieng, Aeron C. Hurt, Paul F. Horwood, Borann Sar, Kim Lay Chea, Lon Chanthap, Unité de Virologie / Virology Unit [Phnom Penh], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), James Cook University (JCU), Ministry of Health [Phnom Penh], National Institute of Public Health [Phnom Penh, Cambodge], Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences [Bangkok] (AFRIMS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Phnom Penh], Embassy of the United States of America, World Health Organization [Phnom Penh] (WHO), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity [Melbourne], University of Melbourne-The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Monash University [Melbourne], GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines [Singapore], GlaxoSmithKline [Headquarters, London, UK] (GSK), and The study was funded by the World Health Organization office in Cambodia.
Subjects: Male, Epidemiology, medicine.disease_cause, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Seasonal influenza, MESH: Influenza Vaccines, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Child, Influenza A virus, Child, MESH: Influenza B virus, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Drug Resistance, Viral, MESH: Influenza, Human, MESH: Infant, Newborn, virus diseases, Middle Aged, influenza B virus, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, A(H1N1)pdm09, Influenza Vaccines, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, surveillance, MESH: Sentinel Surveillance, Original Article, Female, Seasons, Cambodia, A(H3N2), MESH: Whole Genome Sequencing, medicine.drug, Adult, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, MESH: Antiviral Agents, Oseltamivir, Adolescent, MESH: Influenza A virus, Biology, Antiviral Agents, Virus, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Zanamivir, Drug Resistance, Viral, Influenza, Human, medicine, Humans, influenza A virus, Respiratory samples, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Whole Genome Sequencing, MESH: Cambodia, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Antiviral resistance, Infant, Influenza a, MESH: Adult, Original Articles, Virology, MESH: Male, chemistry, Sentinel Surveillance, MESH: Seasons, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Background: Influenza virus circulation is monitored through the Cambodian in- fluenza-like illness (ILI) sentinel surveillance system and isolates are characterized by the National Influenza Centre (NIC). Seasonal influenza circulation has previ- ously been characterized by year-round activity and a peak during the rainy season (June-November).Objectives: We documented the circulation of seasonal influenza in Cambodia for 2012-2015 and investigated genetic, antigenic, and antiviral resistance characteris- tics of influenza isolates.Patients/Methods: Respiratory samples were collected from patients presenting with influenza-like illness (ILI) at 11 hospitals throughout Cambodia. First-line screen- ing was conducted by the National Institute of Public Health and the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences. Confirmation of testing and genetic, anti- genic and antiviral resistance characterization was conducted by Institute Pasteur in Cambodia, the NIC. Additional virus characterization was conducted by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza (Melbourne, Australia).Results: Between 2012 and 2015, 1,238 influenza-positive samples were submitted to the NIC. Influenza A(H3N2) (55.3%) was the dominant subtype, followed by in- fluenza B (30.9%; predominantly B/Yamagata-lineage) and A(H1N1)pdm09 (13.9%). Circulation of influenza viruses began earlier in 2014 and 2015 than previously de- scribed, coincident with the emergence of A(H3N2) clades 3C.2a and 3C.3a, respec- tively. There was high diversity in the antigenicity of A(H3N2) viruses, and to a smaller extent influenza B viruses, during this period, with some mismatches with the north- ern and southern hemisphere vaccine formulations. All isolates tested were suscepti- ble to the influenza antiviral drugs oseltamivir and zanamivir.Conclusions: Seasonal and year-round co-circulation of multiple influenza types/sub- types were detected in Cambodia during 2012-2015.
Published: 2019
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30. Preterm premature rupture of the membranes: Guidelines for clinical practice from the French College of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF)

Author: Elsa Lorthe, Caroline Charlier, Loïc Sentilhes, Gilles Kayem, Charles Garabedian, Thomas Schmitz, Elie Azria, V. Tessier, Gael Beucher, Hugo Madar, Denis Gallot, Pierre Delorme, Muriel Doret-Dion, Marie-Victoire Senat, Charles Cazanave, AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Pôle d'Obstétrique Reproduction Gynécologie Centre Aliénor d'Aquitaine, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France., ISPUP-EPIUnit [Porto, Portugal], Universidade do Porto, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Retinoids, Development and Developmental Diseases (R2D2), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Université de Paris - UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales [Sciences], Université de Paris (UP), Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Service des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), USC EA3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales A [Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Maternité Port-Royal [CHU Cochin], Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Environnement périnatal et croissance - EA 4489 (EPS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandres, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Maternité Notre-Dame de Bon Secours [Paris], Centre hospitalier Saint-Joseph [Paris], Collège National des Sages Femmes, Partenaires INRAE, Université Paris Sud Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France, Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique [AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales [Sciences] - Université Paris Cité, Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris Cité - UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales [Sciences], and CCSD, Accord Elsevier
Subjects: Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture, Preterm premature rupture of the membranes, Prom, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, 030212 general & internal medicine, Antibiotic prophylaxis, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, [SDV.BDLR.RS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Obstetrics, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gestational age, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, MESH: Contraindications, Procedure, Necrotizing enterocolitis, Female, France, medicine.symptom, medicine.drug, Antenatal corticosteroids, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture, Asymptomatic, [SDV.BDLR.RS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction, Contraindications, Procedure, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents, Premature rupture of the membranes before fetal viability, MESH: Antibiotic Prophylaxis, medicine, Humans, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Fetal Viability, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Clindamycin, Amoxicillin, medicine.disease, Delivery, Obstetric, MESH: France, Neonatal infection, Reproductive Medicine, MESH: Delivery, Obstetric, business, Induction of labor, MESH: Female, MESH: Fetal Viability
Abstract: International audience; In France, the frequency of premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) is 2%-3% before 37 weeks' gestation (level of evidence [LE] 2) and less than 1% before 34 weeks (LE2). Preterm delivery and intrauterine infection are the major complications of preterm PROM (PPROM) (LE2). Prolongation of the latency period is beneficial (LE2). Compared with other causes of preterm delivery, PPROM is associated with a clear excess risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality only in cases of intrauterine infection, which is linked to higher rates of in utero fetal death (LE3), early neonatal infection (LE2), and necrotizing enterocolitis (LE2). The diagnosis of PPROM is principally clinical (professional consensus). Tests to detect IGFBP-1 or PAMG-1 are recommended in cases of uncertainty (professional consensus). Hospitalization is recommended for women diagnosed with PPROM (professional consensus). Adequate evidence does not exist to support recommendations for or against initial tocolysis (Grade C). If tocolysis is prescribed, it should not continue longer than 48 h (Grade C). The administration of antenatal corticosteroids is recommended for fetuses with a gestational age less than 34 weeks (Grade A) and magnesium sulfate if delivery is imminent before 32 weeks (Grade A). The prescription of antibiotic prophylaxis at admission is recommended (Grade A) to reduce neonatal and maternal morbidity (LE1). Amoxicillin, third-generation cephalosporins, and erythromycin (professional consensus) can each be used individually or eythromycin and amoxicillin can be combined (professional consensus) for a period of 7 days (Grade C). Nonetheless, it is acceptable to stop antibiotic prophylaxis when the initial vaginal sample is negative (professional consensus). The following are not recommended for antibiotic prophylaxis: amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (professional consensus), aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, first- or second-generation cephalosporins, clindamycin, or metronidazole (professional consensus). Women who are clinically stable after at least 48 h of hospital monitoring can be managed at home (professional consensus). Monitoring should include checking for clinical and laboratory factors suggestive of intrauterine infection (professional consensus). No guidelines can be issued about the frequency of this monitoring (professional consensus). Adequate evidence does not exist to support a recommendation for or against the routine initiation of antibiotic therapy when the monitoring of an asymptomatic woman produces a single isolated positive result (e.g., elevated CRP, or hyperleukocytosis, or a positive vaginal sample) (professional consensus). In cases of intrauterine infection, the immediate intravenous administration (Grade B) of antibiotic therapy combining a beta-lactam with an aminoglycoside (Grade B) and early delivery of the child are both recommended (Grade A). Cesarean delivery of women with intrauterine infections is reserved for the standard obstetric indications (professional consensus). Expectant management is recommended for uncomplicated PROM before 37 weeks (Grade A), even when a sample is positive for Streptococcus B, as long as antibiotic prophylaxis begins at admission (professional consensus). Oxytocin and prostaglandins are two possible options for the induction of labor in women with PPROM (professional consensus).
Published: 2019
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31. Chronic Granulomatous Disease in Patients Reaching Adulthood: A Nationwide Study in France

Author: Julie Bardet, Olivier Hermine, Fanny Lanternier, Nicolas Noel, Isabelle Durieu, Agathe Masseau, Olivier Lortholary, Felipe Suarez, Jacinta Bustamante, Bertrand Dunogue, Hélène Salvator, Benoit Pilmis, Marie-Anne Gougerot-Pocidalo, Stéphane Blanche, Fanny Fouyssac, Nizar Mahlaoui, Marc Lecuit, Harry Sokol, Emilie Catherinot, Vincent Barlogis, Caroline Elie, Alain Fischer, Louis-Jean Couderc, Hélène Coignard-Biehler, Karima Amazzough, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires (CEREDIH), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Département d'Immunologie, hématologie et rhumatologie pédiatriques [Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades - APHP], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Génétique Humaine des Maladies Infectieuses (Equipe Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'informatique médicale et biostatistiques [CHU Necker], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Service de pneumologie [Hôpital Foch], Hôpital Foch [Suresnes], Service de Gastroentérologie et nutrition [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Service d'Onco-Hématologie Pédiatrique [CHU Grenoble], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller University [New York], Service d'hématologie et immunologie, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Service de Pédiatrie et Hématologie Pédiatrique [CHU Timone, AP-HM], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Service de médecine interne, Hôtel-Dieu-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de médecine interne et de pathologie vasculaire [hôpital Lyon sud, HCL], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Microorganismes et Barrières de l'Hôte (Equipe avenir), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'Hématologie Adulte, Laboratory of molecular mechanisms of hematologic disorders and therapeutic implications (ERL 8254 - Equipe Inserm U1163), Chaire Médecine expérimentale (A. Fischer), Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Service d'immuno-hématologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], The CEREDIH is supported by the French Association of Patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies and is funded by the French Ministry of Health. It additionally received unrestricted educational grants from Behring, Baxalta, Octapharma, and the patient associations AT-Europe and Trophée Guillaume., We thank all clinicians of the French national Centre de Référence des Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires (CEREDIH) network for their help with this study. We also thank the CEREDIH staff: Chantal Andriamanga, Carolina Brito, Laurence Costes, Virginie Courteille, and Nathalie Devergnes., Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service de pédiatrie, d'hématologie et d'oncologie [Hôpital de La Timone - APHM], Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Collège de France - Chaire Médecine expérimentale (A. Fischer), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de pneumologie [Hôpital Foch, Suresnes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), St Giles laboratory of Human Genetics and Infectious Diseases, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Equipe avenir Microorganismes et Barrières de l'Hôte, and Collège de France (CdF)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, MESH: Registries, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, MESH: Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/diagnosis, Autoimmunity, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, chronic granulomatous disease, MESH: Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/complications, Granulomatous Disease, Chronic, 0302 clinical medicine, Chronic granulomatous disease, Cost of Illness, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Child, MESH: Bacterial Infections/etiology, MESH: Bacterial Infections/prevention & control, Registries, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, High rate, MESH: France/epidemiology, MESH: Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/epidemiology, MESH: Bacterial Infections/epidemiology, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Age Factors, MESH: Mycoses/epidemiology, transition, Bacterial Infections, sequelae, MESH: Cost of Illness, MESH: Infant, Adult height, 3. Good health, Phenotype, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Population Surveillance, MESH: Mycoses/drug therapy, MESH: Survival Analysis, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, France, Symptom Assessment, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, adulthood, Adolescent, MESH: Mycoses/prevention & control, primary immunodeficiency, MESH: Phenotype, MESH: Population Surveillance, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, MESH: Antibiotic Prophylaxis, MESH: Autoimmunity, MESH: Mycoses/etiology, medicine, Humans, In patient, MESH: Bacterial Infections/drug therapy, Retrospective Studies, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Age Factors, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Symptom Assessment, MESH: Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/mortality, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Infant, MESH: Retrospective Studies, Retrospective cohort study, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH: Male, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030104 developmental biology, Mycoses, Respiratory failure, Primary immunodeficiency, business, MESH: Female, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Background : Although prognosis of Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) has greatly improved, few studies have focused on its long-term outcome. We studied the clinical course and sequelae of CGD patients diagnosed before age 16, at various adult time points. Method : Cross-sectional French nationwide retrospective study of patients screened through the National Reference Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies (CEREDIH) registry. Results : Eighty CGD patients (71 males [88.7%], 59 X-linked [73.7%], median age 23.9 years [minimum, 16.6; maximum, 59.9]) were included, Median ages at diagnosis and last follow-up were 2.52 and 23.9 years, respectively. Seven patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A total of 553 infections requiring hospitalization occurred in 2017 patient-years. The most common site of infection was pulmonary (31%). Aspergillus spp. (17%) and Staphylococcus aureus (10.7%) were the commonest pathogens. A total of 224 inflammatory episodes occurred in 71 patients, mainly digestive (50%). Their characteristics as well as their annual frequency did not vary before and after age 16. Main sequelae were a small adult height and weight and mild chronic restrictive respiratory failure. At age 16, only 53% of patients were in high school. After age 30 years, 9/13 patients were working. Ten patients died during adulthood. Conclusions : Adult CGD patients displayed similar characteristics and rates of severe infections and inflammatory episodes that those of childhood. The high rate of handicap has become a matter of medical and social consideration. Careful follow-up in centers of expertise is strongly recommended and an extended indication of curative treatment by HSCT should be considered.
Published: 2017
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32. A prospective study on the incidence of dog bites and management in a rural Cambodian, rabies-endemic setting

Author: Aurélia Ponsich, Flavie Goutard, San Sorn, Arnaud Tarantola, Agronomes et Vétérinaires Sans Frontières (AVSF), Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Phnom Penh], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Animal et gestion intégrée des risques (UPR AGIRs), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)
Subjects: Male, Rural Population, Veterinary medicine, Attack rate, MESH: Dogs, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Rural Population, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Child, Rural, MESH: Animals, Prospective Studies, MESH: Incidence, Child, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Middle Aged, Incidence, Vaccination, Contrôle de maladies, 000 - Autres thèmes, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Épidémiologie, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux, Rabies, Veterinary (miscellaneous), Gestion du risque, Chien, MESH: Disease Management, Rage, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Rabies, Humans, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, Dog bite, Insect Science, Parasitology, MESH: Female, Demography, L73 - Maladies des animaux, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Interquartile range, Bites and Stings, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, MESH: Aged, Incidence (epidemiology), MESH: Infant, Newborn, Disease Management, Middle Aged, MESH: Bites and Stings, Prospective, Infectious Diseases, Female, Cambodia, Zone rurale, Adult, Asia, Adolescent, 030231 tropical medicine, Young Adult, Dogs, Maladie de l'homme, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Transmission des maladies, Morsure, business.industry, MESH: Cambodia, Infant, Newborn, MESH: Vaccination, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, Biting, Enquête pathologique, business
Abstract: International audience; Rabies circulates intensely in Cambodia, mainly affecting rural populations. We conducted a prospective study to estimate the baseline incidence of potentially infective dog bites in rural villages of Siem Reap province, Cambodia. The study was conducted in a convenience sample of 844 families totaling 1779 persons in four villages. The study collected data in a total of 802.3 person-years. Trained village health workers (VHW) exhaustively documented consecutive dog bites at the end of each month. Between May 15th and November 15th, 2011, a total of 40 attacks (43 bites; 1.07 bites per attack) were notified by 39 persons (50% female; one suffered two distinct incidents) to VHW. The all-age attack rate for bites over this 6-month period was 2.3% (CI95%: 1.7-3.1%), with a global incidence rate estimated at 4.84 bites/100 person-years (CI95%: 3.5-6.6). The mean age in bite victims was 20.8±18.9years (median 12.5; interquartile range 6-36; range 1-63). The dog was identified in 39 (97.5%) of cases, being the household dog in 9 (22.5%) of cases. Bites were classified as severe (WHO Category III-broken skin with bleeding) in 33 (82.5%) of cases with a severe dog bites incidence estimated at 4/100 person-years (CI95%: 2.8-5.6). The bites involved the hand or face in 1 (2.5%) case each (both Category III). In 20 incidents (50%), only rice was applied to the wounds. There were no suspected or confirmed human rabies deaths during the study period but one dog died after biting (2 others were lost to follow-up and 14 were put down by their owner). Our study documented an extremely high incidence of dog bites in of rural Cambodian adults and children. Adapted control policies for canine vaccination are urgently needed.
Published: 2016
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33. Seasonal gaps in measles vaccination coverage in Madagascar

Author: Mensah, K., Heraud, J.M., Takahashi, S., Winter, A.K., Metcalf, C.J.E., Wesolowski, A., Princeton University, Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), and CJEM, AKW and ST were supported by BMGF Grant # OPP1094793. CJEM, KM, APW were funded by Wellcome Trust Sustaining Health Grant (106866/Z/15/Z). APW is supported by a Career Award at the Scientific Interface from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund and by the National Library of Medicine of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number Dp2LM013102.
Subjects: Male, Vaccination Coverage, Health Personnel, Measles Vaccine, MESH: Measles Vaccine, MESH: Immunization Programs, Article, Disease Outbreaks, MESH: Madagascar, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Surveys and Questionnaires, Madagascar, Humans, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, MESH: Surveys and Questionnaires, Health Services Administration, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Humans, Immunization Programs, Vaccination, MESH: Child, Preschool, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, Infant, MESH: Vaccination Coverage, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Healthcare access, MESH: Health Services Administration, MESH: Infant, MESH: Male, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Measles, MESH: Health Personnel, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Seasons, MESH: Seasons, MESH: Female, Measles
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Measles elimination depends on the successful deployment of measles containing vaccine. Vaccination programs often depend on a combination of routine and non-routine services, including supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) and vaccination weeks (VWs), that both aim to vaccinate all eligible children regardless of vaccination history or natural infection. Madagascar has used a combination of these activities to improve measles coverage. However, ongoing massive measles outbreak suggests that the country was in a “honeymoon” period and that coverage achieved needs to be re-evaluated. Although healthcare access is expected to vary seasonally in low resources settings, little evidence exists to quantify temporal fluctuations in routine vaccination, and interactions with other immunization activities. METHODS: We used three data sources: national administrative data on measles vaccine delivery from 2013 to 2016, digitized vaccination cards from 49 health centers in 6 health districts, and a survey of health workers. Data were analyzed using linear regressions, analysis of variance, and t-tests. FINDINGS: From 2013 to 2016, the footprint of SIAs and VWs is apparent, with more doses distributed during the relevant timeframes. Routine vaccination decreases in subsequent months, suggesting that additional activities may be interfering with routine services. The majority of missed vaccination opportunities occur during the rainy season. Health facility organization and shortage of vaccine contributed to vaccination gaps. Children born in June were the least likely to be vaccinated on time. DISCUSSION: Evidence that routine vaccination coverage varies over the year and is diminished by other activities suggests that maintaining routine vaccination during SIAs and VWs is a key direction for strengthening immunization programs, ensuring population immunity and avoiding future outbreaks. FUNDING: Wellcome Trust Fund, Burroughs Wellcome Fund, Gates Foundation, National Institutes of Health.
Published: 2019
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34. Prevalence of G6PD Viangchan variant in malaria endemic areas in Lao PDR: an implication for malaria elimination by 2030

Author: Phonepadith Khattignavong, Pheovaly Soundala, Sengdeuane Keomalaphet, Paul T. Brey, Phoyphaylinh Prasayasith, Lavy Lorpachan, Ken Ing Cherng Ong, Tiengkham Pongvongsa, Shigeyuki Kano, Bouasy Hongvanthong, Hitomi Araki, Moritoshi Iwagami, Phonepadith Xangsayalath, Masamine Jimba, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)-Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), National Center for Global Health and Medicine [Japan] (NCGM), Institut Pasteur du Laos, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Ministry of Health [Laos], Savannakhet Provincial Health Department [Lao People’s Democratic Republic], Savannakhet Province [Lao People’s Democratic Republic], and This study was financially supported by the JICA/AMED SATREPS project for the 'Development of innovative research techniques in the genetic epidemiology of malaria and other parasitic diseases in the Lao PDR for containing their expanding endemicity.'
Subjects: Male, Rural Population, Veterinary medicine, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, Primaquine, Plasmodium vivax, MESH: Disease Eradication, MESH: Genotype, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Rural Population, hemic and lymphatic diseases, MESH: Child, Prevalence, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Middle Aged, MESH: Primaquine, Haemolysis, MESH: Hemolysis, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, MESH: Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency, Infectious Diseases, Laos, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Adolescent, Genotype, lcsh:RC955-962, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase, Malaria elimination, Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase, Hemolysis, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, parasitic diseases, Malaria, Vivax, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Disease Eradication, MESH: Prevalence, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Research, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Infant, MESH: Malaria, Vivax, MESH: Adult, Sequence Analysis, DNA, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Male, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency, Parasitology, MESH: Laos, Tropical medicine, business, MESH: Female, Malaria
Abstract: Background Primaquine is effective against the latent liver stage of Plasmodium vivax. Eliminating the latent liver stage of P. vivax is one of the necessary conditions to achieve the goal of malaria elimination in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) by 2030. However, people with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency are at risk of haemolysis when ingesting primaquine. The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of the G6PD Viangchan variant, which is said to be common in Lao PDR and which can result in severe haemolysis in patients exposed to primaquine. Methods Blood samples were collected from villagers in three malaria endemic provinces: Champasak and Savannakhet in the south, and Phongsaly in the north. Each blood sample was semi-quantitatively assayed for G6PD enzyme activity using the G6PD Assay Kit-WST Lyophilized (DOJINDO Laboratories, Japan). Blood samples that were found to be G6PD deficient were sequenced to detect G6PD Viangchan mutation. Results In total, 2043 blood samples were collected from Phongsaly (n = 426, 20.9%), Savannakhet (n = 924, 45.2%), and Champasak (n = 693, 33.9%) provinces in Lao PDR from 2016 to 2017. Of these, 964 (47.2%) were taken from male villagers and 1079 (52.8%) were taken from female villagers. G6PD Viangchan mutation was not detected in Phongsaly province in this study. In Savannakhet province, 48 of the 924 samples (45 males, 3 females) had the G6PD Viangchan mutation (n = 48, 5.2%). In Champasak province, 42 of the 693 samples (18 males, 24 females) had the G6PD Viangchan mutation (n = 42, 6.1%). Conclusions G6PD Viangchan variant, which can cause severe haemolysis in the carrier when exposed to primaquine, was detected among 6.1% of the villagers in Champasak and 5.2% in Savannakhet but not in Phongsaly in this study. G6PD Viangchan variant might be common in the south of Laos but not so in the north. In the north, other G6PD deficiency variants might be more prevalent. However, in order not to overlook anyone and ensure a safe primaquine therapy for people living in malaria endemic areas in Lao PDR, G6PD testing is necessary. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-019-2715-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2019
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35. Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface antigen-specific cytophilic IgG and control of malaria infection in a Beninese birth cohort

Author: Gregory Nuel, Paulin Sonon, Adrian J. F. Luty, Gilles Cottrell, Ibrahim Sadissou, André Garcia, Roukiyath Amoussa, Tania d’Almeida, Ambaliou Sanni, Shirley Longacre, D. Courtin, Aziz Bouraima, Florence Migot-Nabias, Rafiou Adamou, Célia Dechavanne, Michael Theisen, Kabirou Moutairou, Edmond J. Remarque, Achille Massougbodji, Jacqueline Milet, Agnès Le Port, Mère et enfant en milieu tropical : pathogènes, système de santé et transition épidémiologique (MERIT - UMR_D 216), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire (Université d'Abomey Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin) (LBBM), Université d’Abomey-Calavi = University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Biomedical Primate Research Centre [Rijswijk] (BPRC), Vaccinologie Parasitaire, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistique et Modélisation (LPSM (UMR_8001)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This paper describes work undertaken in the context of the PALNOUGENENV, 'Paludisme-Nouvéau-né-Génétique et Environnement', a project supported by Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (projet SEST2006/040/001), Ministère des Affaires Etrangères français (projet REFS No.2006-22) for their financial support. This publication was made possible through the Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS), the Institut des Sciences Biomédicales Appliquées de Cotonou (ISBA), the Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme (PNLP) for their institutional support and the Institut de Recherche et de Développment AIRD-ARTS and Ambassade de France à Cotonou (SCAC) for their PhD scholarships to Rafiou ADAMOU and Ibrahim SADISSOU., ANR-06-SEST-0040,PALNOURGENENV,survenue des premières infections palustres chez le noueau-né : déterminants génétiques, biologiques et environnementaux(2006), Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales (MERIT - UMR_D 216), University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), University of São Paulo (USP), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Institut Pasteur [Paris], and Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistiques et Modélisations (LPSM (UMR_8001))
Subjects: Male, Protozoan Proteins, Antibodies, Protozoan, MESH: Malaria, Falciparum/immunology, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, MESH: Antigens, Protozoan/immunology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Pregnancy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Benin, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Plasmodium falciparum/immunology, Longitudinal Studies, Malaria, Falciparum, MESH: Longitudinal Studies, MESH: Antibodies, Protozoan/blood, biology, Malaria vaccine, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology, Cytophilic IgG, Female, Merozoite vaccine candidate antigens, Antibody, medicine.symptom, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, 030231 tropical medicine, Plasmodium falciparum, Context (language use), Antigens, Protozoan, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Asymptomatic, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Benin, Antigen, Immunity, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, MESH: Surveys and Questionnaires, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Research, Infant, Newborn, Infant, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, MESH: Protozoan Proteins/immunology, MESH: Male, Malaria, Immunoglobulin G, Immunology, biology.protein, Parasitology, business, MESH: Immunoglobulin G/blood, MESH: Female
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Substantial evidence indicates that cytophilic IgG responses to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens play a role in protection from malaria. The specific targets mediating immunity remain unclear. Evaluating antibody responses in infants naturally-exposed to malaria will allow to better understand the establishment of anti-malarial immunity and to contribute to a vaccine development by identifying the most appropriate merozoite candidate antigens.METHODS: The study was based on parasitological and clinical active follow-up of infants from birth to 18 months of age conducted in the Tori Bossito area of southern Benin. For 399 infants, plasma levels of cytophilic IgG antibodies with specificity for five asexual stage malaria vaccine candidate antigens were determined by ELISA in infants' peripheral blood at 6, 9, 12 and 15 months of age. Multivariate mixed logistic model was used to investigate the association between antibody levels and anti-malarial protection in the trimester following the IgG quantification. Moreover, the concentrations of merozoite antigen-specific IgG were compared between a group of infants apparently able to control asymptomatic malaria infection (CAIG) and a group of infants with no control of malaria infection (Control group (NCIG)). Protective effect of antibodies was also assessed after 15 months of malaria exposure with a Cox regression model adjusted on environmental risk.RESULTS: Cytophilic IgG responses to AMA1, MSP1, MSP2-3D7, MSP2-FC27, MSP3 and GLURP R2 were associated with increasing malarial infection risk in univariate analysis. The multivariate mixed model showed that IgG1 and IgG3 to AMA1 were associated with an increased risk of malarial infection. However infants from CAIG (n = 53) had significantly higher AMA1-, MSP2-FC27-, MSP3-specific IgG1 and AMA1-, MSP1-, MSP2-FC27-, MSP3 and GLURP-R2-specific IgG3 than those from NCIG (n = 183). The latter IgG responses were not associated with protection against clinical malaria in the whole cohort when protective effect is assessed after 15 months of malaria exposition.CONCLUSION: In this cohort, merozoite antigen-specific cytophilic IgG levels represent a marker of malaria exposure in infants from 6 to 18 months of age. However, infants with resolution of asymptomatic infection (CAIG) seem to have acquired naturally immunity against P. falciparum. This observation is encouraging in the context of the development of multitarget P. falciparum vaccines.
Published: 2019
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36. Influenza epidemics observed in primary care from 1984 to 2017 in France: A decrease in epidemic size over time

Author: Souty, Cécile, Amoros, Philippe, Falchi, Alessandra, Capai, Lisandru, Bonmarin, Isabelle, van der Werf, Sylvie, Masse, Shirley, Turbelin, Clément, Rossignol, Louise, Vilcu, Ana‐Maria, Lévy‐Bruhl, Daniel, Lina, Bruno, Minodier, Laëtitia, Dorléans, Yves, Guerrisi, Caroline, Hanslik, Thomas, Blanchon, Thierry, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), EA Bioscope Corse Méditerranée : Dynamique des infections virales en milieu insulaire, Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Virpath-Grippe, de l'émergence au contrôle -- Virpath-Influenza, from emergence to control (Virpath), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence des Virus des Infections Respiratoires (dont la Grippe) [Lyon] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Institut des Agents Infectieux [Lyon] (IAI), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], We thank all general practitioners and paediatricians participating in the French Sentinelles network., Santé publique France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Génétique moléculaire des virus à ARN ((U-Pasteur_ 2 / UMR_3569)), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires, Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), and Centre National de Référence des Virus des Infections Respiratoires (dont la Grippe) [Lyon] (CNR)
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, Vaccination Coverage, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Child, MESH: Incidence, Child, Letter to the Editor, MESH: Aged, influenza‐like illness, MESH: France/epidemiology, Incidence, MESH: Influenza, Human, Vaccination, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Vaccination Coverage, Middle Aged, MESH: Infant, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, surveillance, Original Article, Female, France, influenza, Adult, Adolescent, MESH: Epidemics/statistics & numerical data, influenza-like illness, epidemics, MESH: Primary Health Care, Young Adult, primary care, Influenza, Human, Humans, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Primary Health Care, MESH: Time Factors, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Infant, MESH: Adult, Original Articles, MESH: Vaccination, MESH: Male, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Sentinel Surveillance, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Epidemiological analysis of past influenza epidemics remains essential to understand the evolution of the disease and optimize control and prevention strategies. Here, we aimed to use data collected by a primary care surveillance system over the last three decades to study trends in influenza epidemics and describe epidemic profiles according to circulating influenza viruses.METHODS: Influenza-like illness (ILI) weekly incidences were estimated using cases reported by general practitioners participating in the French Sentinelles network, between 1984 and 2017. Influenza epidemics were detected by applying a periodic regression to this time series. Epidemic (co-)dominant influenza virus (sub)types were determined using French virology data.RESULTS: During the study period, 297 607 ILI cases were reported allowing the detection of 33 influenza epidemics. On average, seasonal epidemics lasted 9 weeks and affected 4.1% of the population (95% CI 3.5; 4.7). Mean age of cases was 29 years. Epidemic size decreased over time by -66 cases per 100 000 population per season on average (95% CI -132; -0.2, P value = 0.049) and epidemic height decreased by -15 cases per 100 000 (95% CI -28; -2, P value = 0.022). Epidemic duration appeared stable over time. Epidemics were mostly dominated by A(H3N2) (n = 17, 52%), associated with larger epidemic size, higher epidemic peak and older age of cases.CONCLUSIONS: The declining trend in influenza epidemic size and height over the last 33 years might be related to several factors like increased vaccine coverage, hygiene improvements or changing in influenza viruses. However, further researches are needed to assess the impact of potential contributing factors to adapt influenza plans.
Published: 2019
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37. Prenatal particulate air pollution and DNA methylation in newborns: an epigenome-wide meta-analysis

Author: Tim S. Nawrot, Cheng Peng, Kelly M. Bakulski, Paul Yousefi, Mariona Bustamante, Lorenzo Richiardi, Josep M. Antó, Erik Melén, Göran Pershagen, Dawn L. DeMeo, Jason I. Feinberg, Cheng-Jian Xu, Gerard H. Koppelman, Carrie V. Breton, Inger Kull, Rosalind J. Wright, Akram Ghantous, Diane R. Gold, Charles Auffray, Michelle Plusquin, Nathanaël Lemonnier, Herman T. den Dekker, Johanna Lepeule, Itai Kloog, Christine Ladd-Acosta, Martine Vrijheid, Olena Gruzieva, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Bert Brunekreef, Heather E. Volk, Janine F. Felix, José Luis Ruiz, Zdenko Herceg, Stephanie J. London, Allan C. Just, Cilla Söderhäll, Simon Kebede Merid, Lu Gao, Anna Bergström, Regina Grazuleviciene, Jean Bousquet, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Liesbeth Duijts, Jordi Sunyer, Costanza Pizzi, Juha Kere, Caroline L Relton, Franca Rusconi, Manolis Kogevinas, Ulrike Gehring, Kristine B. Gutzkow, Paolo Vineis, Carles Hernandez-Ferrer, STEMM - Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Juha Kere / Principal Investigator, University Management, Research Programs Unit, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Stockholm County Council, University of Groningen [Groningen], University of Bristol [Bristol], University of Southern California (USC), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, European Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine (EISBM), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Hasselt University (UHasselt), Imperial College London, International Agency for Cancer Research (IACR), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University of Turin, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer [Florence, Italy], Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG-UPF), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute [Barcelone, Espagne] (IMIM), Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), Vytautas Magnus University - Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU), Boston Children's Hospital, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Contre les MAladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif en Languedoc-Roussillon (MACVIA-LR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes)-European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing Reference Site (EIP on AHA), Commission Européenne-Commission Européenne-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Vieillissement et Maladies chroniques : approches épidémiologique et de santé publique (VIMA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital [Stockholm, Sweden], King‘s College London, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Durham] (NIEHS-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Columbia University [New York], European Project: 733206,H2020,H2020-SC1-2016-RTD,LIFECYCLE(2017), European Project, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Epidemiology, Erasmus MC other, Pediatrics, BARBAGALLO, Maïlys, Early-life stressors and LifeCycle health - LIFECYCLE - - H20202017-01-01 - 2021-12-31 - 733206 - VALID, (7e PC / 2007-206) au titre de la convention de subvention n ° 308333 - le projet HELIX - INCOMING, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing Reference Site (EIP on AHA), and Commission Européenne-Commission Européenne-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO)
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, Male, MESH: Air Pollutants, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Epigenome, 010501 environmental sciences, SUSCEPTIBILITY, Toxicology, LUNG DEVELOPMENT, 01 natural sciences, Cohort Studies, Epigenome, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, MESH: DNA Methylation, MESH: Child, Infants nadons, 030212 general & internal medicine, CORD BLOOD, MESH: Maternal Exposure, Child, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, GENE-EXPRESSION, Air Pollutants, Aire -- Contaminació, MESH: Infant, Newborn, ASSOCIATION, ADN -- Metilació, Fetal Blood, MESH: Infant, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, Europe, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Exposome, PREGNANCY, MESH: Particulate Matter, Maternal Exposure, Meta-analysis, Child, Preschool, DNA methylation, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, MESH: Air Pollution, Adolescent, Adverse outcomes, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Environment, complex mixtures, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, Air Pollution, medicine, Humans, MESH: Fetal Blood, Epigenetics, EXPOSURE, Prenatal exposure, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, MESH: Adolescent, Pregnancy, MESH: Humans, Science & Technology, business.industry, Research, MESH: Child, Preschool, R-PACKAGE, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Newborn, Infant, CHILDHOOD ASTHMA, Environmental Sciences, DNA Methylation, medicine.disease, Particulate air pollution, MESH: Male, Genòmica, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Gene-Environment Interaction, Particulate Matter, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Female, MATTER
Abstract: Background: Prenatal exposure to air pollution has been associated with childhood respiratory disease and other adverse outcomes. Epigenetics is a suggested link between exposures and health outcomes. Objectives: We aimed to investigate associations between prenatal exposure to particulate matter (PM) with diameter
Published: 2019
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38. Monkeypox virus phylogenetic similarities between a human case detected in Cameroon in 2018 and the 2017-2018 outbreak in Nigeria

Author: Valérie Caro, Elisabeth Carniel, Martial Gide Yonga, Sara Eyangoh, Mathieu Els, Richard Njouom, Christophe Batéjat, Serge Alain Sadeuh-Mba, Alain Georges Etoundi, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Ministère de la Santé Publique [Cameroun], Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (CIBU), Institut Pasteur [Paris], This work was supported by the Centre Pasteur of Cameroon., We are thankful to the patients or their legal guardians who agreed to be enrolled in this study. We are grateful to Mrs. Gwladys Monamele for English language review., Ministère de la Santé Publique [Yaoundé, Cameroun], and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Monkeypox, Male, animal diseases, viruses, Disease Outbreaks, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Child, MESH: Animals, Public Health Surveillance, Cameroon, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Monkeypox virus, MESH: Phylogeny, Child, Phylogeny, MESH: Middle Aged, Phylogenetic tree, MESH: Public Health Surveillance, MESH: Infant, Newborn, virus diseases, respiratory system, Middle Aged, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Young Adult, Female, MESH: Genome, Viral, West African clade, MESH: Nigeria, Microbiology (medical), Adult, Adolescent, 030106 microbiology, Nigeria, Genome, Viral, Biology, Microbiology, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Monkeypox, Young Adult, parasitic diseases, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Infant, Newborn, Outbreak, MESH: Adult, MESH: Cameroon, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, MESH: Male, 030104 developmental biology, MESH: Monkeypox virus, Clinical case, Genetic relatedness, Phylogenetic relationships, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; A monkeypox virus was detected from a human clinical case in 2018 in Cameroon; a country where no human cases were reported since 1989. The virus exhibited close genetic relatedness with another monkeypox virus isolated in Nigeria during the 2017-2018 outbreak. Although our molecular findings argue in favor of an extension of the monkeypox outbreak from Nigeria into Cameroon, the possibility that the monkeypox virus detected could be indigenous to Cameroon cannot be ruled out.
Published: 2018
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39. [Preterm premature rupture of membranes: CNGOF Guidelines for clinical practice - Short version]

Author: T, Schmitz, L, Sentilhes, E, Lorthe, D, Gallot, H, Madar, M, Doret-Dion, G, Beucher, C, Charlier, C, Cazanave, P, Delorme, C, Garabedian, É, Azria, V, Tessier, M-V, Senat, G, Kayem, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD ), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Antenatal corticosteroids, Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture, MESH: Premature Birth, health care facilities, manpower, and services, MEDLINE, education, MESH: Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture, Pre-viable premature preterm rupture of membranes, Gestational Age, Infections, MESH: Prognosis, [SDV.BDLR.RS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction, MESH: Pregnancy, Preterm premature rupture of membranes, MESH: Risk Factors, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Rupture prématurée des membranes avant viabilité fœtale, MESH: Gestational Age, Antibioprophylaxie, Rupture prématurée des membranes avant terme, Humans, MESH: MEDLINE, Antibiotic prophylaxis, Fetal Death, health care economics and organizations, MESH: Humans, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Infections, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy Outcome, Déclenchement du travail, MESH: Pregnancy Outcome, Prognosis, MESH: France, Pregnancy Complications, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, MESH: Fetal Death, Premature Birth, Female, France, Induction of labor, MESH: Female, Corticostéroïdes anténatals
Abstract: To determine management of women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).Bibliographic search from the Medline and Cochrane Library databases and review of international clinical practice guidelines.In France, PPROM rate is 2 to 3% before 37 weeks of gestation (level of evidence [LE] 2) and less than 1% before 34 weeks of gestation (LE2). Prematurity and intra-uterine infection are the two major complications of PPROM (LE2). Compared to other causes of prematurity, PPROM is not associated with an increased risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity, except in case of intra-uterine infection, which is associated with an augmentation of early-onset neonatal sepsis (LE2) and of necrotizing enterocolitis (LE2). PPROM diagnosis is mainly clinical (professional consensus). In doubtful cases, detection of IGFBP-1 or PAMG-1 is recommended (professional consensus). Hospitalization of women with PPROM is recommended (professional consensus). There is no sufficient evidence to recommend or not recommend tocolysis (grade C). If a tocolysis should be prescribed, it should not last more than 48hours (grade C). Antenatal corticosteroids before 34 weeks of gestation (grade A) and magnesium sulfate before 32 weeks of gestation (grade A) are recommended. Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended (grade A) because it is associated with a reduction of neonatal mortality and morbidity (LE1). Amoxicillin, 3rd generation cephalosporins, and erythromycin in monotherapy or the association erythromycin-amoxicillin can be used (professional consensus), for 7 days (grade C). However, in case of negative vaginal culture, early cessation of antibiotic prophylaxis might be acceptable (professional consensus). Co-amoxiclav, aminosides, glycopetides, first and second generation cephalosporins, clindamycin, and metronidazole are not recommended for antibiotic prophylaxis (professional consensus). Outpatient management of women with clinically stable PPROM after 48hours of hospitalization is a possible (professional consensus). During monitoring, it is recommended to identify the clinical and biological elements suggesting intra-uterine infection (professional consensus). However, it not possible to make recommendation regarding the frequency of this monitoring. In case of isolated elevated C-reactive protein, leukocytosis, or positive vaginal culture in an asymptomatic patient, it is not recommended to systematically prescribe antibiotics (professional consensus). In case of intra-uterine infection, it is recommended to immediately administer an antibiotic therapy associating beta-lactamine and aminoside (grade B), intravenously (grade B), and to deliver the baby (grade A). Cesarean delivery should be performed according to the usual obstetrical indications (professional consensus). Expectative management is recommended before 37 weeks of gestation in case of uncomplicated PPROM (grade A), even in case of positive vaginal culture for B Streptococcus, provided that an antibiotic prophylaxis has been prescribed (professional consensus). Oxytocin and prostaglandins are two possible options to induce labor in case of PPROM (professional consensus).Expectative management is recommended before 37 weeks of gestation in case of uncomplicated PPROM (grade A).
Published: 2018
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40. Maternal-fetal transmission and adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnant women infected with Zika virus: prospective cohort study in French Guiana

Author: Najeh Hcini, Véronique Lambert, Anne Jolivet, David Baud, C. Pomar, Manon Vouga, Alice Panchaud, Léo Pomar, Guillaume Benoist, Gustavo Malinger, Dominique Rousset, Séverine Matheus, Gabriel Carles, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais, Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], University of Geneva [Switzerland], Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center [Te Aviv], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), We thank all involved personnel at the Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyannais (CHOG)., and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious* / epidemiology, MESH: Risk Assessment, MESH: Zika Virus Infection / congenital, Zika virus, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prospective cohort study, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, biology, Obstetrics, Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Pregnancy Outcome, General Medicine, MESH: Zika Virus Infection / transmission, 3. Good health, French Guiana, MESH: Young Adult, Cohort, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, medicine.symptom, Cohort study, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Prenatal diagnosis, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Asymptomatic, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, MESH: French Guiana, medicine, Humans, education, Epidemics, MESH: Epidemics, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Research, Infant, Newborn, MESH: Adult, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, MESH: Pregnancy Outcome, MESH: Prospective Studies, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Zika Virus Infection / epidemiology, MESH: Female
Abstract: ObjectivesTo estimate the rates of maternal-fetal transmission of Zika virus, adverse fetal/neonatal outcomes, and subsequent rates of asymptomatic/symptomatic congenital Zika virus infections up to the first week of life.DesignCohort study with prospective data collection and subsequent review of fetal/neonatal outcomes.SettingsReferral centre for prenatal diagnosis of the French Guiana Western Hospital.ParticipantsPregnant women at any stage of pregnancy with a laboratory confirmed symptomatic or asymptomatic Zika virus infection during the epidemic period in western French Guiana. The cohort enrolled 300 participants and prospectively followed their 305 fetuses/newborns.Main outcome measuresRate of maternal-fetal transmission of Zika virus (amniotic fluid, fetal and neonatal blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and placentas); clinical, biological, and radiological outcomes (blindly reviewed); and adverse outcomes defined as moderate signs potentially related to congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), severe complications compatible with CZS, or fetal loss. Associations between a laboratory confirmed congenital Zika virus infection and adverse fetal/neonatal outcomes were evaluated.ResultsMaternal-fetal transmission was documented in 26% (76/291) of fetuses/newborns with complete data. Among the Zika virus positive fetuses/newborns, 45% (34/76) presented with no signs/complications at birth, 20% (15/76) with moderate signs potentially related to CZS, 21% (16/76) with severe complications compatible with CZS, and 14% (11/76) with fetal loss. Compared with the Zika virus positive fetuses/neonates, those that were identified as negative for Zika virus (215/291) were less likely to present with severe complications (5%; 10/215) or fetal loss (0.5%; 1/215; relative risk 6.9, 95% confidence interval 3.6 to 13.3). Association between a positive Zika virus test and any adverse fetal/neonatal outcome was also significant (relative risk 4.4, 2.9 to 6.6). The population attributable fraction estimates that a confirmed congenital Zika virus infection contributes to 47% of adverse outcomes and 61% of severe adverse outcomes observed.ConclusionIn cases of a known maternal Zika virus infection, approximately a quarter of fetuses will become congenitally infected, of which a third will have severe complications at birth or fetal loss. The burden of CZS might be lower than initially described in South America and may not differ from other congenital infections.
Published: 2018
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41. Efficacy of tenofovir in preventing perinatal transmission of HBV infection in pregnant women with high viral loads

Author: Yongzheng Wu, Lhousseine Touqui, Ya-Yun Lin, Dunjin Chen, Guifeng Ding, Guiqin Bai, Wei-Min Wang, Keying Liu, Na Xu, Lingyan Zhang, Yan Liu, Wu, Yongzheng, Xi'an Jiaotong University (Xjtu), Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine / Institute of Infectious Diseases [Beijing, China], Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region [Urumqi, China], Mucoviscidose et bronchopathies chroniques : biopathologie et phénotype cliniques - Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchial Diseases, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), ShaanXi Provincial People Hospital [Xi’an, China], Guangzhou Medical University, Biologie cellulaire de l'Infection microbienne - Cellular Biology of Microbial Infection, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The authors acknowledge funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) - 81771615 and The General Program of Innovation of Science & Technology of Shaanxi Province (N°2016KTCL03-01)., CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: HBsAg, lcsh:Medicine, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, MESH: Tenofovir, Pregnancy, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:Science, MESH: Treatment Outcome, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Multidisciplinary, Obstetrics, Transmission (medicine), MESH: Infant, Newborn, Postpartum Period, virus diseases, Viral Load, MESH: Case-Control Studies, 3. Good health, MESH: Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, MESH: Hepatitis B virus, Treatment Outcome, HBeAg, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Gestation, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, MESH: Viral Load, Viral load, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatitis B virus, Tenofovir, MESH: Hepatitis B, Chronic, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Virus, Article, MESH: Postpartum Period, 03 medical and health sciences, Hepatitis B, Chronic, medicine, Humans, Adverse effect, MESH: Humans, business.industry, lcsh:R, Infant, Newborn, MESH: Adult, digestive system diseases, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, MESH: DNA, Viral, [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Case-Control Studies, DNA, Viral, lcsh:Q, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: Mother-to-child transmission is the major cause of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This double-blind trial tested the effect of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in preventing vertical transmission. Pregnant women who were HBsAg/HBeAg-positive with a HBV DNA titer ≥ 2×106 IU/mL were randomly assigned to the control (n = 60) and TDF-treated (n = 60) groups. TDF treatment (oral dose 300 mg/day) was initiated at 24 weeks of gestation and continued to 4 weeks after delivery. The subjects were followed up to 28 weeks postpartum. The effects of TDF on vertical transmission, outcomes of the mothers and infants and virological changes were monitored. TDF dynamically reduced the serum HBV DNA level of the mothers, particularly during the first 4 weeks of treatment. The lower viral loads were maintained in the pregnancies until delivery. Approximately 90% and 33.9% of the TDF-treated mothers had viral loads ≤2000 IU/mL after delivery and at 28 weeks postpartum, respectively. No cervical transmission or adverse effects were observed in the TDF-treated individuals, whereas 13.5% of the infants were infected with HBV in the control group. We conclude that TDF treatment initiated at 24 weeks of gestation in high-viremia, HBsAg/HBeAg-positive mothers efficiently prevents mother-to-child HBV transmission without adverse events in mothers and infants.
Published: 2018
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42. Diagnosis and management of pseudohypoparathyroidism and related disorders:first international Consensus Statement

Author: Susanne Thiele, Eileen M. Shore, Luisa De Sanctis, Thomas Eggermann, Serap Turan, Murat Bastepe, Gabriel Á. Martos-Moreno, Aurora Garcia Ramirez, Vrinda Saraff, Nina Knight, Caroline Silve, Outi Mäkitie, Agnès Linglart, Marie Laure Kottler, Emily L. Germain-Lee, Rebecca Rodado, Philip Murray, Peter Kamenický, Lars Rejnmark, Masanori Minagawa, Anya Rothenbuhler, Kathleen Freson, Timothee Choplin, Alessia Usardi, Francesca Elli, Regina Matsunaga Martin, M. Carola Zillikens, Guillemette Devernois, Harald Jüppner, David Monk, Arrate Pereda, Neveen A. T. Hamdy, Gianpaolo de Filippo, Lionel Groussin, Elvire Le Norcy, Robert J. Pignolo, Ashley H. Shoemaker, Giovanna Mantovani, Olaf Hiort, Roberto Bufo, Guiomar Perez de Nanclares, Michael A. Levine, Beatriz Lecumberri, Philip Woods, Patrick Hanna, S Faisal Ahmed, Mantovani, Giovanna, Bastepe, Murat, Monk, David, de Sanctis, Luisa, Thiele, Susanne, Usardi, Alessia, Ahmed, S. Faisal, Bufo, Roberto, Choplin, Timothee, De Filippo, Gianpaolo, Devernois, Guillemette, Eggermann, Thomas, Elli, Francesca M., Freson, Kathleen, Garcia Ramirez, Aurora, Germain-Lee, Emily L., Groussin, Lionel, Hamdy, Neveen, Hanna, Patrick, Hiort, Olaf, Juppner, Harald, Kamenicky, Peter, Knight, Nina, Kottler, Marie-Laure, Le Norcy, Elvire, Lecumberri, Beatriz, Levine, Michael A., Makitie, Outi, Martin, Regina, Angel Martos-Moreno, Gabriel, Minagawa, Masanori, Murray, Philip, Pereda, Arrate, Pignolo, Robert, Rejnmark, Lars, Rodado, Rebecca, Rothenbuhler, Anya, Saraff, Vrinda, Shoemaker, Ashley H., Shore, Eileen M., Silve, Caroline, Turan, Serap, Woods, Philip, Zillikens, M. Carola, Perez de Nanclares, Guiomar, Linglart, Agnes, Clinicum, Lastentautien yksikkö, Children's Hospital, HUS Children and Adolescents, Internal Medicine, UAM. Departamento de Medicina, UAM. Departamento de Pediatría, Instituto de Investigación del Hospital de La Princesa (IP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge [Barcelone] (IDIBELL), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Lübeck University of Applied Sciences, Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Glasgow, Italian Progressive Osseous Heteroplasia Association (IPOHA), Service d'endocrinologie pédiatrique [CHU Bicêtre], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University (RWTH), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Connecticut Children's Medical Center, University of Connecticut (UCONN), AP-HP - Hôpital Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu [Paris], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Universiteit Leiden, Thérapie génique, Génomique et Epigénomique (U 1169), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Récepteurs stéroïdiens : physiopathologie endocrinienne et métabolique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-IFR93-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biologie, génétique et thérapies ostéoarticulaires et respiratoires (BIOTARGEN), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies oro-faciales (EA 2496), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Department of Statistics [West Lafayette], Purdue University [West Lafayette], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Chiba University Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (MFT), Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Mayo Clinic [Rochester], Aarhus University Hospital, AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Vanderbilt University Medical Center [Nashville], Vanderbilt University [Nashville], University of Pennsylvania, Centre de recherche biomédicale Bichat-Beaujon (CRB3), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Marmara University [Kadıköy - İstanbul], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Immunologie et génétique du diabète de type 1, génétique multifactorielle en endocrinologie pédiatrique (U986), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Turin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Collège de France (CdF)-PSL Research University (PSL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität zu Lübeck [Lübeck] - University of Lübeck [Lübeck], Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, and Pediatric Neprology Unit, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging [Leiden, Netherlands] (NCHA), Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Txagorritxu, University of Milan, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR93-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), University of Helsinki, University of São Paulo (USP), University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, Delayed Diagnosis, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Endocrinology, Statement (logic), Drug Resistance, Parathyroid hormone, MESH: Risk Assessment, Pseudohypoparathyroidism/diagnosis, STIMULATORY G-PROTEIN, Neonatal Screening/organization & administration, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Practice Guidelines as Topic, Program Development, BRACHYDACTYLY TYPE-E, PARATHYROID-HORMONE RESISTANCE, Disorders, IMPRINTING CONTROL ELEMENT, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Pseudohypoparathyroidism, MESH: Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Prognosis, 3. Good health, Diabetes and Metabolism, MESH: Parathyroid Hormone, IDENTIFIES PDE4D MUTATIONS, Parathyroid Hormone, NUCLEOTIDE REGULATORY PROTEIN, Consensus statement, Pseudohypoparathyroidism, Practice Guidelines as Topic, MESH: Drug Resistance, Female, medicine.symptom, Parathyroid Hormone/therapeutic use, medicine.medical_specialty, Consensus, Delayed Diagnosis/adverse effects, Medicina, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, PROGRESSIVE OSSEOUS HETEROPLASIA, Parathyroid Hormone Resistance, Risk Assessment, Short stature, PATERNAL UNIPARENTAL DISOMY, Article, MESH: Prognosis, Growth hormone deficiency, GNAS INACTIVATING MUTATIONS, 03 medical and health sciences, Neonatal Screening, BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN SYNDROME, MESH: Program Development, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, MESH: Consensus, MESH: Neonatal Screening, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, GS-ALPHA-GENE, MESH: Humans, ALBRIGHT HEREDITARY OSTEODYSTROPHY, business.industry, Brachydactyly, Infant, Newborn, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, MESH: Delayed Diagnosis, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Diagnosis and management, DEPENDENT PROBE AMPLIFICATION, Family medicine, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, business, MESH: Female, Neurocognitive
Abstract: This Consensus Statement covers recommendations for the diagnosis and management of patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) and related disorders, which comprise metabolic disorders characterized by physical findings that variably include short bones, short stature, a stocky build, early-onset obesity and ectopic ossifications, as well as endocrine defects that often include resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH) and TSH. The presentation and severity of PHP and its related disorders vary between affected individuals with considerable clinical and molecular overlap between the different types. A specific diagnosis is often delayed owing to lack of recognition of the syndrome and associated features. The participants in this Consensus Statement agreed that the diagnosis of PHP should be based on major criteria, including resistance to PTH, ectopic ossifications, brachydactyly and early-onset obesity. The clinical and laboratory diagnosis should be confirmed by a molecular genetic analysis. Patients should be screened at diagnosis and during follow-up for specific features, such as PTH resistance, TSH resistance, growth hormone deficiency, hypogonadism, skeletal deformities, oral health, weight gain, glucose intolerance or type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, as well as subcutaneous and/or deeper ectopic ossifications and neurocognitive impairment. Overall, a coordinated and multidisciplinary approach from infancy through adulthood, including a transition programme, should help us to improve the care of patients affected by these disorders, This Consensus Statement and the series of consensus meetings were supported by funds from the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) action BM1208 on imprinting disorders (www.imprinting- disorders.eu), the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology (ESPE) and the European Society for Endocrinology (ESE). Travel costs and housing of the representatives of the Asian Pacific Paediatric Endocrine Society (APPES) and of the Pediatric Endocrine Society (PES) were supported by their societies. The authors received no funding from pharmaceutical companies
Published: 2018
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43. High prevalence of infection and low incidence of disease in child contacts of patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study

Author: Naira Khachatryan, Helena Huerga, Catherine Hewison, Ani Ulumyan, Nara Melikyan, Armen Hayrapetyan, Maryline Bonnet, Francis Varaine, Hakob Atshemyan, Elisabeth Sanchez-Padilla, Mathieu Bastard, Epicentre [Paris] [Médecins Sans Frontières], Médecins Sans Frontières [Paris] (MSF), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and This study was funded by Médecins Sans Frontières-France
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, Disease, MESH: Armenia, infectious diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, drug-resistance, MESH: Child, Epidemiology, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, Prevalence, MESH: Incidence, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Child, Index case, MESH: Middle Aged, Latent tuberculosis, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Latent Tuberculosis, Armenia, Middle Aged, MESH: Infant, tuberculosis, Child, Preschool, Female, epidemiology, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Tuberculin, Global Child Health, 03 medical and health sciences, Latent Tuberculosis, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Humans, MESH: Prevalence, MESH: Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, MESH: Humans, business.industry, screening, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Infant, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, bacterial infections and mycoses, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: ObjectiveWe aimed to measure the prevalence and incidence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and tuberculosis (TB) disease in children in close contact with patients with drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) in a country with high DR-TB prevalence.Design and settingThis is a prospective cohort study of paediatric contacts of adult patients with pulmonary DR-TB in Armenia. Children were screened using tuberculin skin test, interferon-gamma release assay and chest X-ray at the initial consultation, and were reassessed every 3–6 months for a period of 24 months. Children did not receive preventive treatment.Main outcome measuresPrevalence and incidence of LTBI and TB disease; factors associated with prevalent LTBI.ResultsAt initial evaluation, 3 of the 150 children included were diagnosed with TB disease (2.0%). The prevalence of LTBI was 58.7%. The incidence of LTBI was 19.9 per 100 children per year, and was especially high during the first 6 months of follow-up (33.3 per 100 children per year). No additional cases with incident disease were diagnosed during follow-up. After adjustment, prevalent LTBI was significantly associated with the child’s age, sleeping in the same house, higher household density, the index case’s age, positive smear result and presence of lung cavities.ConclusionsChildren in close contact with patients with DR-TB or in contact with very contagious patients had an increased risk of prevalent LTBI. Although none of the children developed TB disease during a 2-year follow-up period, screening for symptoms of TB disease, based on the prevalence of disease at recruitment, together with follow-up and repeated testing of non-infected contacts, is highly recommended in paediatric contacts of patients with DR-TB.
Published: 2018
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44. Loss of Sarcomeric Scaffolding as a Common Baseline Histopathologic Lesion in Titin-Related Myopathies

Author: Rainiero Ávila-Polo, Edoardo Malfatti, Xavière Lornage, Chrystel Cheraud, Isabelle Nelson, Juliette Nectoux, Johann Böhm, Raphaël Schneider, Carola Hedberg-Oldfors, Bruno Eymard, Soledad Monges, Fabiana Lubieniecki, Guy Brochier, Mai Thao Bui, Angeline Madelaine, Clémence Labasse, Maud Beuvin, Emmanuelle Lacène, Anne Boland, Jean-François Deleuze, Julie Thompson, Isabelle Richard, Ana Lía Taratuto, Bjarne Udd, France Leturcq, Gisèle Bonne, Anders Oldfors, Jocelyn Laporte, Norma Beatriz Romero, Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en myologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Service de biochimie et de génétique moléculaire [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuropaediatrics, Garrahan National Paediatric Hospital, Pathology, Unit of Neuromuscular Morphology [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thérapie des maladies du muscle strié, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de génétique et biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IGBMC), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Approches génétiques intégrées et nouvelles thérapies pour les maladies rares (INTEGRARE), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-GENETHON 3-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neurology Department, CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Pathology, MESH: Connectin, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Sarcomere, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Child, Connectin, Muscular dystrophy, Child, MESH: Muscle, Skeletal, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, MESH: Sarcomeres, MESH: Infant, Newborn, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Phenotype, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Distal Myopathies, Titin, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, Sarcomeres, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Young Adult, Muscular Diseases, medicine, Humans, Myopathy, Muscle, Skeletal, Retrospective Studies, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH: Child, Preschool, Rimmed vacuoles, MESH: Muscular Diseases, Infant, Newborn, Skeletal muscle, Infant, MESH: Adult, MESH: Retrospective Studies, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, biology.protein, Neurology (clinical), MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Titin-related myopathies are heterogeneous clinical conditions associated with mutations in TTN. To define their histopathologic boundaries and try to overcome the difficulty in assessing the pathogenic role of TTN variants, we performed a thorough morphological skeletal muscle analysis including light and electron microscopy in 23 patients with different clinical phenotypes presenting pathogenic autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive (AR) mutations located in different TTN domains. We identified a consistent pattern characterized by diverse defects in oxidative staining with prominent nuclear internalization in congenital phenotypes (AR-CM) (n = 10), ± necrotic/regenerative fibers, associated with endomysial fibrosis and rimmed vacuoles (RVs) in AR early-onset Emery-Dreifuss-like (AR-ED) (n = 4) and AR adult-onset distal myopathies (n = 4), and cytoplasmic bodies (CBs) as predominant finding in hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure (HMERF) patients (n = 5). Ultrastructurally, the most significant abnormalities, particularly in AR-CM, were multiple narrow core lesions and/or clear small areas of disorganizations affecting one or a few sarcomeres with M-band and sometimes A-band disruption and loss of thick filaments. CBs were noted in some AR-CM and associated with RVs in HMERF and some AR-ED cases. As a whole, we described recognizable histopathological patterns and structural alterations that could point toward considering the pathogenicity of TTN mutations.
Published: 2018
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45. Prenatal hyperechogenic kidneys in three cases of infantile hypercalcemia associated with SLC34A1 mutations

Author: Rosa Vargas-Poussou, Marguerite Hureaux, Anne Hélène Saliou, Laurence Heidet, Alexandra Benachi, Emmanuel Spaggiari, Rémi Salomon, Arnaud Molin, Nadine Jay, Biologie, génétique et thérapies ostéoarticulaires et respiratoires (BIOTARGEN), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Service de néphrologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Institut Mondor de recherche biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Service de Génétique [AP-HP Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris], Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l'Enfant et de l'Adulte, Unité Fonctionnelle de Pharmacogénétique et Oncologie Moléculaire [AP-HP Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou] (Service de Biochimie), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Des Maladies Rénales Rares aux Maladies Fréquentes, Remodelage et Réparation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHRU de Brest - Département de Pédiatrie (CHU BREST Pédiatrie), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Centre Pluridisciplinaire de Diagnostic Prénatal |CHRU Brest], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, médecine de la reproduction [Béclère], and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Pathology, Amniotic fluid, DNA Mutational Analysis, 030232 urology & nephrology, Parathyroid hormone, Kidney, 0302 clinical medicine, Infantile hypercalcemia, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, Medicine, Hypercalciuria, MESH: DNA Mutational Analysis, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Ultrasonography, Prenatal, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Nephrocalcinosis, Nephrology, Child, Preschool, Female, SLC34A1, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Mutation, Genetic counseling, Prenatal diagnosis, Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type IIa, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, MESH: Hypercalcemia, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type IIa, Humans, Fetus, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Infant, MESH: Kidney, medicine.disease, Antenatal diagnosis, MESH: Male, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Mutation, Hypercalcemia, Differential diagnosis, business, MESH: Nephrocalcinosis, MESH: Female
Abstract: Prenatal diagnosis of hyperechogenic kidneys is associated with a wide range of etiologies and prognoses. The recent advances in fetal ultrasound associated with the development of next-generation sequencing for molecular analysis have enlarged the spectrum of etiologies, making antenatal diagnosis a very challenging discipline. Of the various known causes of hyperechogenic fetal kidneys, calcium and phosphate metabolism disorders represent a rare cause. An accurate diagnosis is crucial for providing appropriate genetic counseling and medical follow-up after birth. We report on three cases of fetal hyperechogenic kidneys corresponding to postnatal diagnosis of nephrocalcinosis. In all cases, antenatal ultrasound showed hyperechogenic kidneys of normal to large size from 22 gestational weeks, with a normal amount of amniotic fluid. Postnatal ultrasound follow-up showed nephrocalcinosis associated with hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, elevated 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D, and suppressed parathyroid hormone levels. Molecular genetic analysis by next-generation sequencing performed after birth in the three newborns revealed biallelic pathogenic variants in the SLC34A1 gene, encoding the sodium/phosphate cotransporter type 2 (Npt2a), confirming the diagnosis of infantile hypercalcemia. Nephrocalcinosis due to infantile hypercalcemia can be a cause of fetal hyperechogenic kidneys, which suggests early antenatal anomaly of calcium and phosphate metabolism. This entity should be considered in differential diagnosis. Postnatal follow-up of infants with hyperechogenic kidneys should include evaluation of calcium and phosphate metabolism.
Published: 2018
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46. Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF and Alternative Specimen Collection Methods for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Children

Author: Sara Eyangoh, Sophie Goyet, Arnaud Tarantola, Christophe Delacourt, Mathurin Cyrille Tejiokem, Abdoul-Salam Ouedraogo, Sokleaph Cheng, Laurence Borand, Boubacar Nacro, Sylvain Godreuil, Stéphane Blanche, Thu Hang Pham, Vibol Ung, Olivier Marcy, Philippe Msellati, Ngoc Lan Nguyen Thi, Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Phnom Penh], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), National Pediatric Hospital, University of Health Sciences – Cambodia, Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou [Bobo-Dioulasso] (CHUSS), Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Service d'immuno-hématologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], and This work was supported by the French National Institute for Health and Medical Research (Inserm)–ANRS (ANRS 12194, ANRS 12229) and Fondation Total.
Subjects: Male, Bodily Secretions, MESH: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, diagnosis, HIV Infections, MESH: Bodily Secretions, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Nasopharyngeal aspirate, MESH: Child, Xpert MTBRIF, Medicine, MESH: Tuberculosis, Cameroon, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, education.field_of_study, biology, Coinfection, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: HIV Infections, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, tuberculosis, Vietnam, Specimen collection, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.symptom, Cambodia, Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques, DNA, Bacterial, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Adolescent, Xpert MTB/RIF, Population, Sensitivity and Specificity, Specimen Handling, MESH: Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, children, Tuberculosis diagnosis, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, Burkina Faso, parasitic diseases, Humans, MESH: Burkina Faso, MESH: Specimen Handling, education, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Cambodia, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Nucleic acid amplification technique, MESH: Cameroon, HIV infection, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, MESH: DNA, Bacterial, MESH: Male, MESH: Sensitivity and Specificity, MESH: Coinfection, Surgery, Sputum, MESH: Vietnam, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND:The diagnosis of tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children is challenging. We assessed the performance of alternative specimen collection methods for tuberculosis diagnosis in HIV-infected children using Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert).METHODS:HIV-infected children aged ≤13 years with suspected intrathoracic tuberculosis were enrolled in 8 hospitals in Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, and Vietnam. Gastric aspirates were taken for children aged
Published: 2016
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47. Neonatal Meningococcal Meningitis In France From 2001 To 2013

Author: Corinne Levy, Laurence Caeymaex, Xavier Durrmeyer, Muhamed-Kheir Taha, Ali Bilal, Robert M. Cohen, Service de Néonatologie [CHI Créteil], Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil (CHIC), Centre National de Référence des Méningocoques et Haemophilus influenzae - National Reference Center Meningococci and Haemophilus influenzae (CNR), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre de Recherche Clinique [Créteil] (CRC), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique [Paris] (GPIP), Société Française de Pédiatrie (SFP), Financial support was provided in part by Pfizer and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Group (GPIP) of the French Pediatrics Society (SFP) and the Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV). The NRCM is funded by the Institut Pasteur and the Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS).Grants for GPIP/ACTIV from Pfizer, Novartis, Sanofi and GSK during the conduct of the study., Groupe des Pédiatres et microbiologistes de l’Observatoire National des Méningites, Members of the National Reference Center for Meningococci, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), and Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV)
Subjects: Male, MESH: Meningitis, Meningococcal/microbiology, Pediatrics, MESH: Meningitis, Meningococcal/diagnosis, Cefotaxime, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Neisseria meningitidis, medicine.disease_cause, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Aminopenicillin, late-onset, MESH: Meningitis, Meningococcal/drug therapy, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: France/epidemiology, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/drug therapy, meningitis, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiology, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Neisseria meningitidis/genetics, Female, France, Meningitis, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis, Late onset, MESH: Meningitis, Meningococcal/epidemiology, Meningitis, Meningococcal, 03 medical and health sciences, Disease severity, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Humans, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, medicine.disease, mortality, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology, Penicillin, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Meningococcal meningitis, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, neonate, business, earlyonset, MESH: Female, MESH: Neisseria meningitidis/drug effects
Abstract: International audience; Among 831 cases of neonatal bacterial meningitis occurring from 2001 to 2013, Neisseria meningitidis was the third most frequent bacterial species found. All cases occurred only in term neonates and were mainly late onset. Serogroup B accounted for 78% of cases. At diagnosis, 27% of cases had at least one sign of disease severity. All strains were susceptible to cefotaxime, but 12% showed intermediate susceptibility to penicillin G and to aminopenicillin.
Published: 2016
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48. Pregnancy Outcomes after ZIKV Infection in French Territories in the Americas

Author: Yoann Madec, Cécile Herrmann-Storck, Arnaud Fontanet, Bruno Hoen, Caroline Callier, Raymond Césaire, Dominique Rousset, Alice Monthieux, Cédric Laouénan, Manon Boullard, Anna L. Funk, Maylis Douine, S. Stegmann-Planchard, Benoit Tressières, Bruno Schaub, Fatiha Najioullah, Jean-Luc Voluménie, Eustase Janky, André Cabié, Gabriel Carles, Kinda Schepers, Samson Yassinguezo, Sylvie Cassadou, Vanessa Ardillon, Philippe Kadhel, Mathieu Nacher, Catherine Ryan, CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Maison de la Femme de la Mère et de l'Enfant [CHU de la Martinique] (MFME [Fort de France]), CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane - UFR des sciences médicales (UAG UFR SM), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Maladies infectieuses et tropicales dans la Caraïbe (MAITC EA 4537), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre Hospitalier Louis Constant Fleming, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Center for Global Health Research and Education - Centre pour la Recherche et la Formation en Santé Mondiale (CGH), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Supported by the French Ministry of Health (Soutien Exceptionnel à la Recherche et à l’Innovation), by a grant (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID) from Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases project, by the ZIKAlliance consortium (the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program), and by INSERM. This study is part of the ZIKAlliance consortium project., We thank the women who participated in this study, all the physicians, midwives, clinical research assistants, health officers, and epidemiologists who helped conduct this study in each of the French territories in the Americas: Myriam Atine, Lyderic Aubert, Marie Barrau, Kebe Beavogui, Christelle Celeste, Joelle Colat-Peyron, Elvire Couchy, Véronique Davidas, Lucetta Delver, Jacqueline Dubois, Stanie Gaete, Dorothée Harrois, Marie-Laure Lalanne-Mistrih, Mathilde Melin, Marie-France Mirane, Francelise Nadessein, Marie-Josée Pelczar, Véronique Plantier, Céline Rocquet, Magdalena Saint-Marc, Patrick Saint-Martin, Valérie Soter, Ingrid Soubdhan, Jennifer Taillefond, Lambo Velonasy, and Véronique Walter (Guadeloupe), Nicole Ambroisine, Gilda Belrose, Alain Blateau, Patricia Blondel, Isabelle Calmont, Valérie Decatrelle, Michèle Gueneret, Eugénie Jolivet, Isabelle Komla-Soukha, Corinne Plavonil, Marie-andrée Pyram, and Jean-Luc Voluménie (Martinique), Antoine Adenis, Audrey Andrieu, Luisiane Carvalho, Sandy Dabrowski, Céline Delorme, Maryvonne Dueymes, Aniza Fahrasmane, Arthur Felix, Hélène Hilderal, Anne Jolivet, Justine Krajewsky, Véronique Lambert, Thomas Lemaitre, Myriam Livain, Jérémie Pasquier, Marion Petit-Sinturel, Céline Pomar, Léo Pomar, and Stéphanie Rogier (French Guiana), and David Baud (University of Lausanne, Switzerland) and Rebecca Grant (Institut Pasteur de Paris, France) for their critical review of an earlier version of the manuscript., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Jonchère, Laurent, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Université des Antilles (UA)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microcephaly, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Chromosome Disorders, MESH: Amniotic Fluid, Zika virus, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, MESH: Martinique, ZikV Infection, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prospective cohort study, Guadeloupe, MESH: Cohort Studies, MESH: Chromosome Disorders, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Obstetrics, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy Outcome, Gestational age, MESH: Congenital Abnormalities, General Medicine, Middle Aged, French Guiana, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Fetal Diseases, MESH: Fetal Diseases, MESH: Young Adult, Cohort, Female, Pregnancy Trimesters, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, MESH: Zika Virus, Article, MESH: Microcephaly, Congenital Abnormalities, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: French Guiana, Humans, MESH: Guadeloupe, Martinique, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Pregnancy outcomes, MESH: Adolescent, Fetus, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, MESH: Adult, Zika Virus, Amniotic Fluid, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Pregnancy Outcome, Confidence interval, 030104 developmental biology, business, MESH: Female, MESH: Pregnancy Trimesters
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND:The risk of congenital neurologic defects related to Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has ranged from 6 to 42% in various reports. The aim of this study was to estimate this risk among pregnant women with symptomatic ZIKV infection in French territories in the Americas.METHODS:From March 2016 through November 2016, we enrolled in this prospective cohort study pregnant women with symptomatic ZIKV infection that was confirmed by polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay. The analysis included all data collected up to April 27, 2017, the date of the last delivery in the cohort.RESULTS:Among the 555 fetuses and infants in the 546 pregnancies included in the analysis, 28 (5.0%) were not carried to term or were stillborn, and 527 were born alive. Neurologic and ocular defects possibly associated with ZIKV infection were seen in 39 fetuses and infants (7.0%; 95% confidence interval, 5.0 to 9.5); of these, 10 were not carried to term because of termination of pregnancy for medical reasons, 1 was stillborn, and 28 were live-born. Microcephaly (defined as head circumference more than 2 SD below the mean for sex and gestational age) was detected in 32 fetuses and infants (5.8%), of whom 9 (1.6%) had severe microcephaly (more than 3 SD below the mean). Neurologic and ocular defects were more common when ZIKV infection occurred during the first trimester (24 of 189 fetuses and infants [12.7%]) than when it occurred during the second trimester (9 of 252 [3.6%]) or third trimester (6 of 114 [5.3%]) (P=0.001).CONCLUSIONS:Among pregnant women with symptomatic, PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection, birth defects possibly associated with ZIKV infection were present in 7% of fetuses and infants. Defects occurred more frequently in fetuses and infants whose mothers had been infected early in pregnancy. Longer-term follow-up of infants is required to assess any manifestations not detected at birth. (Funded by the French Ministry of Health and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02916732 .).
Published: 2018
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49. Acquisition of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in neonates: A community based cohort in Madagascar

Author: Perlinot Herindrainy, Mamitiana Alain Noah Rabenandrasana, Zafitsara Zo Andrianirina, Feno Manitra Jacob Rakotoarimanana, Michael Padget, Agathe de Lauzanne, Awa Ndir, Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin, Benoit Garin, Patrice Piola, Jean-Marc Collard, Didier Guillemot, Bich-Tram Huynh, Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau, BIRDY study group, Unité d'Epidémiologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Unité de Bactériologie Expérimentale [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Centre Hospitalier de Soavinandriana (CENHOSOA), Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (B2PHI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Phnom Penh], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Unité d'Epidémiologie des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), This work was undertaken as part of the Bacterial Infections and antibiotic Resistant Diseases among Young children (BIRDY) project (http://www.birdyprogram.org/), which is made possible by the funding of the Department of International Cooperation of the Principality of Monaco. Also this work was supported by the Institut Pasteur (PTR call)., We would like to thank all the families who participated in this study. We would also like to thank the members of the BIRDY Study Group, physicians, field investigators and community workers for their involvement in this project, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Maternal Health, MESH: Klebsiella pneumoniae, MESH: beta-Lactamases, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Labor and Delivery, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Antibiotics, Pregnancy, Medicine, Birth Weight, MESH: Incidence, lcsh:Science, MESH: Enterobacteriaceae Infections, Obstetrics, MESH: Escherichia coli, Incidence, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Bacterial Pathogens, MESH: Young Adult, Medical Microbiology, Child, Preschool, Cohort, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, MESH: Infant, Low Birth Weight, Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Madagascar, Humans, Caesarean section, Microbial Pathogens, Pharmacology, MESH: Humans, Bacteria, Proportional hazards model, Public health, lcsh:R, MESH: Child, Preschool, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Neonates, Infant, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Low birth weight, lcsh:Q, MESH: Female, Developmental Biology, 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, lcsh:Medicine, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, MESH: Madagascar, MESH: Proportional Hazards Models, Cohort Studies, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, Klebsiella, Medicine and Health Sciences, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Cohort Studies, Multidisciplinary, Neonatal sepsis, Antimicrobials, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Drugs, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Physiological Parameters, Obstetric Procedures, Female, medicine.symptom, Pathogens, Research Article, Adult, Birth weight, MESH: Multivariate Analysis, beta-Lactamases, MESH: Enterobacteriaceae, Young Adult, Enterobacteriaceae, Microbial Control, Escherichia coli, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, Cesarean Section, Body Weight, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Low Birth Weight, MESH: Male, Multivariate Analysis, Birth, Women's Health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: International audience; In low and middle income countries (LMICs), where the burden of neonatal sepsis is the highest, the spread of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) in the community, potentially contributing to the neonatal mortality, is a public health concern. Data regarding the acquisition of ESBL-PE during the neonatal period are scarce. The routes of transmission are not well defined and particularly the possible key role played by pregnant women. This study aimed to understand the neonatal acquisition of ESBL-PE in the community in Madagascar. The study was conducted in urban and semi-rural areas. Newborns were included at birth and followed-up during their first month of life. Maternal stool samples at delivery and six stool samples in each infant were collected to screen for ESBL-PE. A Cox proportional hazards model was performed to identify factors associated with the first ESBL-PE acquisition. The incidence rate of ESBL-PE acquisition was 10.4 cases/1000 newborn-days [95% CI: 8.0-13.4 cases per 1000 newborn-days]. Of the 83 ESBL-PE isolates identified, Escherichia coli was the most frequent species (n = 28, 34.1%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 20, 24.4%). Cox multivariate analysis showed that independent risk factors for ESBL-PE acquisition were low birth weight (adjusted Hazard-ratio (aHR) = 2.7, 95% CI [1.2; 5.9]), cesarean-section, (aHR = 3.4, 95% CI [1.7; 7.1]) and maternal use of antibiotics at delivery (aHR = 2.2, 95% CI [1.1; 4.5]). Our results confirm that mothers play a significant role in the neonatal acquisition of ESBL-PE. In LMICs, public health interventions during pregnancy should be reinforced to avoid unnecessary caesarean section, unnecessary antibiotic use at delivery and low birth weight newborns.
Published: 2018
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50. Identification and characterization of areas of high and low risk for asymptomatic malaria infections at sub-village level in Ratanakiri, Cambodia

Author: Vanna Mean, Saorin Kim, Marc Coosemans, Lies Durnez, Vincent Sluydts, Myrthe Pareyn, Nimol Khim, Didier Menard, Tho Sochantha, Institute of Tropical Medicine [Antwerp] (ITM), University of Antwerp (UA), National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control [Phnom Penh, Cambodia] (CNM), Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), and Funding obtained through the Department of Economy, Science and Innovation of the Flemish government.
Subjects: Male, Plasmodium, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Risk Factors, MESH: Child, Prevalence, Cluster Analysis, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Asymptomatic Infections, MESH: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, Coinfection, Pharmacology. Therapy, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Middle Aged, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.symptom, Cambodia, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Adolescent, lcsh:RC955-962, MESH: Malaria, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, MESH: Asymptomatic Infections, Asymptomatic, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Clusters, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Spatio-Temporal Analysis, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Environmental health, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, education, Biology, MESH: Prevalence, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH: Plasmodium, MESH: Cambodia, Research, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Infant, MESH: Adult, Plasmodium falciparum, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Cluster Analysis, MESH: Male, MESH: Coinfection, Malaria, Cross-Sectional Studies, Tropical medicine, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Hotspots, Parasitology, Human medicine, Asymptomatic carriers, MESH: Female, Asymptomatic carrier
Abstract: Background Malaria elimination needs a concentration of activities towards identification of residual transmission foci and intensification of efforts to eliminate the last few infections, located in so-called ‘malaria hotspots’. Previous work on characterizing malaria transmission hotspots has mainly focused on falciparum malaria and especially on symptomatic cases, while the malaria reservoir is expected to be mainly concentrated in the asymptomatic human population when transmission is low. For Plasmodium vivax, there has been less effort in identifying transmission hotspots. The main aim of this study was to uncover micro-epidemiological mechanisms of clustering of malaria infections at a sub-village level, based on geographical or behavioural features. Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed in three villages within the highest malaria endemic province of Cambodia. The survey took place in the dry season, when the malaria reservoir is expected to be low and residing in the asymptomatic part of the population. Village and field locations of households were georeferenced, blood samples were taken from as many residents as possible and a short questionnaire probing for individual risk factors was taken. Asymptomatic malaria carriers were detected by PCR, and geographical clustering analysis (SaTScan) as well as risk factor analysis were performed. Results A total of 1540 out of 1792 (86%) individuals were sampled. Plasmodial DNA was detected in 129 individuals (8.4%). P. vivax was most prevalent (5.5%) followed by Plasmodium malariae (2.1%) and Plasmodium falciparum (1.6%). Mixed infection occurred in 12 individuals. In two out of three villages geographical clustering of high and low malaria infection risk was clearly present. Cluster location and risk factors associated with the infection differed between the parasite species. Age was an important risk factor for the combined Plasmodium infections, while watching television at evenings was associated with increased odds of P. vivax infections [OR (CI): 1.86 (0.95–3.64)] and bed net use was associated with reduced odds of P. falciparum infections [OR (CI): 0.25 (0.077–0.80)]. Conclusions Clusters of malaria carriers were malaria species specific and often located remotely, outside village centres. As such, at micro-epidemiological level, malaria is not a single disease. Further unravelling the micro-epidemiology of malaria can enable programme managers to define the interventions likely to contribute to halt transmission in a particular hotspot location. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-017-2169-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2018
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