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The purpose of this study was to investigate the gap between library users' expected and perceived library services and to examine the role of library services in developing user satisfaction and loyalty. A quantitative research design using a questionnaire was used to investigate the research objectives. Undergraduate students were selected as the population from the Information Technology University. The questionnaire was adopted from previous literature. It was pilot tested with 50 undergraduate students and found reliable. Data was collected from 304 respondents and were analyzed using SPSS (v.20) software. The study found that library users expected a high level of service in three categories, i.e., Affect of Service, Information Control, and Library as a Place, as all mean scores were higher than 7 when rated against a scale from 1 to 9. The participants reported that they were likely to consult the library and recommend it to others. The structural equation model confirmed that better services will increase users' satisfaction with the library resources and services and will lead to winning users' loyalty. The findings from the study provided useful insight into the determinants of user satisfaction and loyalty and could be useful for other academic libraries seeking ways to increase user loyalty and user satisfaction with library resources and services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to check the online information retrieval self-efficacy among library professionals in predicting the satisfaction of patrons within universities' libraries. Design/methodology/approach: The study was grounded on Bandura four sources of self-efficacy, encompassing mastery experience, vicarious experience, social persuasion and physiological states. To accomplish this, a meticulously designed questionnaire was administered to collect data from library professionals employed in universities libraries recognized by the Higher Education Commission in Punjab and capital city of Pakistan (Islamabad). Following by the validation of assumptions, researchers conducted a multiple linear regression test to predict the outcomes of the dependent variable by using the independents variables. Additionally, a comparative evaluation was carried out among all the independent variables to determine their respective contributions to satisfaction of library patrons. Findings: The results emphasized the distinct and substantial significance of three variables, physiological states, social feedback and mastery experience in predicting the satisfaction of library patrons. Nevertheless, vicarious experience did not demonstrate a significant influence on the satisfaction of library patrons. Furthermore, influence of physiological states on the improvement of library patrons' satisfaction was relatively higher compared to other three self-efficacy sources. In conclusion, research established the essential role of online information retrieval self-efficacy in enhancing the satisfaction of library patrons. Practical implications: The findings of the study can form a solid basis for devising academic programs to train the library professionals for effective utilization of various information systems and databases. These programs play an important role in improving the self-efficacy of library professionals, ultimately refining their skills in online information retrieval. Originality/value: In essence, this study provides insights into the factors which are pivotal in effective information searching process, ultimately leading to increase the satisfaction level of library patrons which has not been previously researched in Pakistan as well as the world context. Moreover, the study significance lies in contribute to academic discourse, its potential to transform and promote the library services and as well as empower library professionals in delivering the satisfying and efficient experience for library patrons in the current digital age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The use of mobile technologies and learning devices has been increasing in every field of life, and library and information sciences are no exception. This study aims to explore the perceptions of library and information science (LIS) students regarding mobile learning (m-learning) along with their primary purposes, social media applications, advantages, disadvantages, barriers, impact and overall satisfaction with using these devices. Design/methodology/approach: A survey method was used, and data was collected from the students of 12 library schools in Pakistan for a total sample of 250 students. Findings: Their main purposes of usage, their needs, advantages, disadvantages, barriers, impacts and the level of overall satisfaction were also identified. The inferential statistics (t-test and ANOVA) also identified the difference of opinion on the basis of gender, programs, types and number of m-learning devices. Overall, the findings highlight the need for academic libraries to give mobile access (launching mobile applications) to better use library services. To ensure this, libraries must keep an eye on new advances in mobile technology, researchers' needs and related electronic library services and observe how these services are being used. Practical implications: Theoretical and practical implications have been highlighted to understand the perceptions of LIS students about m-learning devices. Originality/value: The mobile library service providers and management need to improve their services by offering services that fit the diverse needs of their users and should know how to attract modern library users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to investigate barriers faced by Pakistani university libraries to implement digital preservation programs. A questionnaire was developed and pilot tested before being sent to 70 libraries of the public sector universities and degree awarding institutions to measure the phenomena. Out of the targeted 70 libraries, 63 responded to the survey (90 % response rate). The results highlighted that a lack of institutional/national policies, financial and technological resources, and administrative support are key barriers that hinder the implementation of digital preservation practices in Pakistani university libraries. The findings of this novel study emphasize devising a national policy for digital preservation in Pakistan. Results point out key barriers to digital preservation and help designing knowledge-based systems in order to meet information and knowledge needs of library users around the clock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study was intended to investigate the marketing of library and information services in medical college libraries in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. Research Methodology: The study employed a descriptive survey research design. The population consisted of 55 medical library in-charges, irrespective of their administrative set-up (public and private). A self-administrated questionnaire comprising five-point Likert scale was prepared. Which was pilot-tested and revised. The questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection consisted of seven main research questions with 72 items. The descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation of the data were analyzed by using IBM SPSS-23. Results: All the targeted respondents participated in the survey. Administratively, 18 medical colleges were functioning under the public sector domain, while 37 medical colleges were run by the private sector. The finding demonstrated the necessity of marketing library and information services in order fulfill the objectives of the library and inform patrons of the value of library use. Most of the medical libraries marketed themselves by providing valuable library services to their clientele. The competencies required for librarians in marketing library services are the ability to answer the user's query and evaluate, improve as well as introduce value-added services in the libraries. Furthermore, study's finding revealed that lack of funds, lack of the latest facilities to market library services and unsupportive attitude of administrations were the leading factors militating against marketing library services. Conclusion: Based on the findings it was concluded that more funds should be allocated, workshops and seminars should also be organized for librarians to train them on how to market their library services effectively. The curriculum of Library and Information Science/Information Management should be redesigned to accommodate marketing courses. Finally, librarians must be committed to improve their competencies and market their services in befitting manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to examine academic library services and facilities for university students at the tertiary level in Punjab. It has been observed that all educational institutions specifically higher education has an academic library to facilitate the students in terms of their academic activities and research-oriented tasks. This study has been conducted to measure the response of library patrons of two Public Sector Universities in Punjab, Pakistan. The unit of analysis has been based on the enrolled students of the University of Gujrat, Gujrat, and Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan. A sample of 16 students (8 students from each university and half male and female student ratio) has been selected using a purposive sampling technique. An interview guide has been developed and a case study method has been used to conduct in-depth interviews of the library Patrons. It is worth stating that researchers conducted interviews in the academic library of the relevant universities' main campus. Data analysis has been done with reference thematic analysis technique. The study finding asserted that library patrons reported that research support services and internet facilities had been provided by the library administration. Similarly, the study findings revealed that a silent zone of study, printing, and photocopy facility had been provided to support academic activities at the university. Likewise, the study results indicated that an online public access catalog, reference and periodical section, and open reading area had also been provided by the library staff to the library patron for the smooth running of research activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study has been designed to examine the digitalization of resources in academic libraries in Pakistan. The world continues its flow of digitalization through the internet such as people starting jobs online, online selling and purchasing businesses, online shares, and investment during the time of Coronavirus. Hence, the digitalization of libraries has no exemption. A purposive sampling technique has been employed to select 16 participants (8 students and 8 library professionals) from the academic library of the University of Gujrat. Further, an interview guide has been developed to conduct case studies. The data collection process takes place within ten working days. Similarly, the data has been presented as a thematic analysis and discussion has been made accordingly to conclude. The study findings conclude that academic libraries digitalize their resources for the smooth running of academic activities for the library patrons including AV aids, e-books, e-journals, online databases, online library services, e-resources, internal facilities, online discussion forums, online queries, and provisional material online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose-The purpose of the study was to assess the usefulness of digital library resources & services, and the value of multidisciplinary databases among postgraduate researchers/students. This research study is an investigation of technology acceptance behaviours of university library users in Lahore, Pakistan. It also works on user's perception and usage of digital databases, user's level of satisfaction, user's ease of use and usefulness to use digital library databases and identifications of factors affecting accessing digital databases. This research study is based on the TAM model in the context of technology acceptance by postgraduate researchers. Design/methodology/approach-This is a quantitative research study based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and two basic variables i.e. perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) adopted to check the acceptance level of library users through an adapted questionnaire-survey of 243 post-graduate students of higher degree-awarding universities/institutes of Pakistan, accredited from Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan. Findings-The findings of this study discovered that the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of the system are significant predictors that play the primary role in accepting the particular system. The effect of moderating variables with respect to gender and age impacts the acceptance level. The findings of this research study also show that female researchers use online library databases conveniently and preferably, as compared to male researchers. Implications-The results of this research study will help out teachers, students, and institutional administration in their academic pursuits. The faculty can get a better idea of how to teach and lead researchers from the available digital information resources and services provided by the university libraries. It will also help in decision making about the selection or rejection of resources for the library's users/students. Originality/value-This research study provides valuable/important insights into key factors that impact and affect user's perception & intention to use and accept library technological services and digital resources from the Pakistani perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's technological world, information literacy has become essential, which involves the effective and ethical identification, access, evaluation, and utilization of information. Public libraries are significant contributors to the promotion of information literacy, especially in developing countries such as Pakistan, where information access is limited. The aim of study is to identify effects and role of information literacy in public libraries of Pakistan, identify the issues and challenges faced by libraries, and propose recommendations assess in the improvisation of in literacy programs. This study based on, primary, secondary and tertiary data and information was collected from different information sources such as research article, websites, books, ejournals etc. The outcomes of the research are Public libraries in Pakistan do not offer standardized information literacy programs. Students are the main users of public libraries in Pakistan, followed by instructors and researchers. The majority of Pakistani public libraries have modest digital resource holdings. Pakistan's public libraries are not effectively utilizing technology to advance information literacy. Basic computer skills and information searches are the main topics covered in Pakistani public libraries' information literacy programs. There is a need to create more thorough information literacy courses that encompass research techniques, critical thinking, and online behavior. Promoting information literacy in Pakistan is significantly hampered by the absence of skilled workers in public libraries. To increase information literacy, public libraries in Pakistan must work with schools and universities. Furthermore these findings may prove helpful in promoting information literacy programs in Pakistan's public libraries. Furthermore, the suggestions could help policymakers, library professionals, and educators in creating and implementing effective strategies that cater to the diverse population of Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This descriptive study examined the Shah Abdul Latif Public Library in Shahdadpur, Sindh, Pakistan, with the aim of understanding its features, resources, services, and knowledge dissemination and community engagement. The study used mixed-method approach and collected data was presented in simple tables and charts. Research provided comprehensive description with aim of rules and regulations of library and the literature review explored the significance of public libraries as information centers and their role in community engagement and lifelong learning. The historical background of library may provide the understanding of basic foundation of public libraries in Pakistani cities, like Shahdadpur. During the study data was gathered with deep unbiased based observations and also conducted insights from face-to-face interviews with library staff, including librarian Asadullah Talpur, and also used open ended questionnaire, to understand the library's operations, challenges, and community initiatives. On-site observations assessed the library's physical layout, facilities, and usage patterns. The findings contribute to the existing literature and provide a comprehensive description of the Shah Abdul Latif Public Library. This research revealed the library's available resources and lacking in the services including books and digital materials, availability of technological equipments within library that support users to update from 21st century skills and services such as literacy programs facilities that was provided to the community members in different kind events. The findings and recommendations may prove to assist library staff in improvisation of library services and facilities and also assist other libraries to overcome the challenges faced by library professionals and user. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study sought to understand library users' opinions, attitudes, and needs regarding using artificial intelligence (AI) in libraries. A survey questionnaire was administered to 71 respondents from academic and public libraries throughout the region. This survey examined a range of topics related to AI use in libraries, such as its perceived benefits and drawbacks; ethical and privacy considerations; user demographics; and factors influencing user adoption of and satisfaction with AI-powered services. The survey results revealed a generally positive attitude toward AI use in libraries. However, concerns were raised regarding such decisions' privacy and ethical ramifications. Libraries must consider user needs and expectations when implementing and managing AI-powered systems. At the same time, further research is necessary to explore different topics related to this emerging technology field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to find out relationship between customer relationship management (CRM) practices and barriers in university libraries of Pakistan. The study also focused on CRM's barriers and its correlation with types of university, regions of university and gender. This study adopted correlational research design with survey method based on quantitative data collection. A structured and open-ended questionnaire was distributed among the head/in-charge librarians of universities libraries in Pakistan. The results have demonstrated that major barriers of CRM are financial resources/budget, qualified, experienced and trained staff, human resource satisfaction and motivation, information technology infrastructure, CRM knowledge and understanding by staff, library culture and collaboration, library users, and leadership commitment. Insignificant variations were found in the overall mean score of CRM barriers based on types of university, regions of university, and gender of the respondents. There is a strong negative (inverse) relationship exist among CRM practices and overall barriers as well as its four sub-facets, while three attributes having moderate negative relationship respectively. This study has numerous practical and theoretical contributions about CRM for academic libraries, especially those engaged in customer relationship management strategies, practices and implementation. The results enlighten library employees to be effective, proactive and successful performers for users' satisfaction, retention and loyalty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is aimed at determining the future role of libraries in Pakistan as perceived by the Millennials (people born during the 1980's and late 1990's) considering the current ongoing digital development. The quantitative research design, based on survey has been used for the study. The population consisted of students from large and medium sized general universities of Lahore, Pakistan. Stratified purposive sampling technique was carried out to select the pool of the subjects e. A self-constructed and validated instrument was used to collect data. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS (16.0). The results revealed that Millennials want future libraries to allow easy access to a wide range of reading material in both print and digital form. They want to be able to round the clock access to electronic and print resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to investigate the current status and online services portfolio of web OPACs and barriers users' face while searching information on web OPACs of public and private sector university libraries in Lahore. The inquirer adopted quantitative survey method and distributed self administrated (peer reviewed and pilot test) questionnaire among 425 library users who were selected using stratified convenient sampling technique. This study illustrated various types of service being offer and uncovered number of barriers and redundancies that users' of public and private sector university libraries face while searching information remotely on web OPACs. This research study would benefit library administrators and web OPAC designers in the make web OPACs more effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to assess effectiveness of electronic services in university libraries in Punjab, Pakistan. The study adopted the quantitative research method to achieve its objectives. The quantitative data were collected through the questionnaire from library users in eight public universities by employing the convenience sampling technique. The findings of the study reveal that the libraries did not offer adequate electronic services. The respondents did not seem satisfied with the electronic services as most of them did not give their opinions about the services. The findings of the study will be helpful for university authorities and the library administration to take necessary measures to design and offer electronic services keeping in view users' needs and expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This study aimed to look into the interest in and use of WhatsApp technology among National College of Business Administration & Economics (NCBAE) University Pakistan library users. Design/methodology/approach A Google Forms questionnaire was designed and emailed to students from various departments at the National College of Business Administration and Economics University of Pakistan. SPSS 22 was used to tabulate and analyze the data for this paper. Findings According to one study, WhatsApp is a robust and cutting-edge technology that might be integrated with digital library services to reach out to library consumers. This technology will assist library patrons in receiving high-quality services. Some technological and human resource variables may impact service delivery and hence must be addressed. As a result, library management is advised to take the required steps to integrate WhatsApp with digital library services to ensure efficient and effective service delivery. Practical implications WhatsApp is one of the most widely used social networking applications, with many organizations, including libraries, using it. This technology is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to patrons on campus and in remote locations. As a result, the quality of library services will improve, and users will be more satisfied. Originality/value This research examines WhatsApp technology in the context of Pakistan's National College of Business Administration and Economics University. This is the researcher's first attempt to address a vital topic. This research will benefit the National College of Business Administration and Economics University's library patrons and the whole academic community in Lahore. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the interest and use of WhatsApp technology among the library users of National Defence University Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire in google forms was created shared with the students of five departments of National Defence University Pakistan via email. The data were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS 22 for this paper. Findings This study revealed that WhatsApp is a robust and state of the art technology that could be embedded with digital library services to approach the library's patrons. This technology will help the library users getting quality services. Some technical and human resource factors could affect the delivery of services and hence need to be addressed. Therefore, it is recommended that library management should take necessary action to Embedded WhatsApp with Digital library services to ensure efficient and effective service delivery. Practical implications The WhatsApp is one of the most prominet technologies in social media applications that is deployed by many organizations including libraries. This technologies help the patrons at campus and remote places around the clock. Consequently, it will increase the quality of library services with greater satisfaction among users. Originality/value This study focuses on WhatsApp technology in the academic environment of National Defence University, Pakistan. This study is the first attempt of the researcher to highlight the critical issue. This study will be helpful for the library users of National Defence University and the entire academic setup in Islamabad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rationale of this report was to evaluate the current use of electronic resources among users of medical college libraries in Multan division. Moreover, mean variation about medical e-resources in respect of awareness, satisfaction, utilization and barriers with respondents' gender trait were also explored. This study used a questionnaire to conduct a cross-sectional survey research design. The survey questionnaire was send to the target population of medical college libraries users in Multan division of Pakistan and response rate was 88 per cent. The findings of the study shows that users of the medical libraries were slightly aware about the medical e-resources and majority of the participants were used medical e-resources for education, learning and to update knowledge purposes. In addition, Medical e-resources that are MEDLINE, PubMed, Springer Link, Science Direct, Black-Well Synergy and ProQuest Database were utilized rarely by the respondents. Users are partially satisfied with medical e-resources of libraries. Lack of training/orientation, low speed of internet, energy crisis/load shedding, lack of printing facility, non-availability of full text access to the most of Journals, lack of awareness, information overload and inadequate IT infrastructure were the major problems faced to medical colleges library users while using e-resources. There is no statistically significant difference in the mean scores of awareness, utilization, satisfaction and barriers about the medical e-resources with respect to male and female. The findings allow library professionals to be more effective, proactive, and successful in achieving digitize library services and resources. This study also made a significant contribution to the existing literature on medical e-resources and services. The findings could contribute in the promotion of digital library services and products, as well as virtual culture, in Pakistani medical college libraries, particularly in the Multan Division. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the published literature on digital library resources and the users' experiences (i.e. satisfaction level, motivating factors, and major challenges) with these resources in Pakistan. Several e-databases were consulted including Research Gate', ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to retrieve relevant literature. The study adopted a systematic literature review approach followed by PRISMA guidelines. Out of 323 articles, a total of 22 relevant studies were included based on pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings of this study reveal that most of the endusers are satisfied with the digital library resources, and they consulted these resources for academic and research endeavors. The authenticity and accuracy of the DLRs were the main motivating factors in the effective use of DLRs. Furthermore, this study consolidated several factors faced by end-users while using DLRs. The results of this study could help the policymakers, HEC authority, LIS professionals to further improve access to DLRs and resolve the problems facing end-users in the country. Moreover, the findings of this study will help the university administration and library authority to plan the subscription of resources keeping in view the associated barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to examine online library resources during the COVID-19 pandemic situation at higher educational institutions in Pakistan. During the current pandemic situations, all the educational activities have been postponed and transformed into online latterly. A cross-sectional study consisting of a sample of 2378 from library patrons of public sector universities in Pakistan. A structured questionnaire has been administered based on different parts using an attitudinal scale of (dis)agreement has been used and pre-tested randomly with the reliability value ranging from .03 to .842. It is pertinent here to mention that during the COVID-19 pandemic, all the educational activities were shifted to online mode and it was not possible to collect information physically. Hence, an online method was opted and the questionnaire was shared through emails and WhatsApp numbers of public sector university library users. The study findings reveal that COVID-19 outbreak, fear of infection, and social distancing have favorable effects on online library information resources. Similarly, the results also support the argument that accessibility of manuscripts, accessibility of periodicals, and accessibility of books have favorable effects on online library resources. The study suggested that similar nature of the study may be conducted using mixed-method research and a different set of variables in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Continuous professional development is an essential in-service and on-going learning process that provides an opportunity to young and mid-career professionals to update and align their skills in connection with the contemporary needs of library users. This study aims to identify and synthesize the literature on continuing professional development (CPD) opportunities for Pakistani librarians and information professionals. Design/methodology/approach: This study is based on descriptive literature review published by Pakistani researchers with specific reference to Pakistani librarians and information professionals. Findings: The findings revealed that albeit many initiatives have been taken by library and information science (LIS) schools and professional associations for developing the capabilities of librarians and information professionals, however, these initiatives remained spasmodic and limited to developing surface-level skills. Some emerging areas need to be addressed including information/digital literacy, research data management, data analysis and visualization and the skills to establish institutional repositories. Research limitations/implications: The study was limited to CPD literature contributed by Pakistani researchers and the efforts taken by LIS schools and professional associations. Originality/value: There is an immediate need to initiate a cohesive approach involving key stakeholders and to establish a platform purely working for CPD of librarians and information professionals focusing on current and future needs. The finding will be helpful for drawing foundation guidelines by library associations, LIS schools and librarian's parent's organizations regarding CPD opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The prime aim of this study is to review the preventive measures for libraries in current pandemic of COVID-19 in the world and suggest special safety procedures for libraries in Pakistan. Material and Methods: Content analysis approach was used to review the available web literature about the current position of libraries during and after COVID-19. Efforts were made to comment the preventive measures adopted by various library associations and leading libraries of the world. Results: Being a social entity, libraries in Pakistan need to adopt the COVID-19 precautionary measures as in practice in the world libraries. The library practitioners in our country have to follow the same Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in libraries for safety of their users as operated by the international library communities. Library staff and patrons should be trained to safeguard the lives of the society. The various library associations of the country should have to come forward and work for the survival of our libraries in this difficult time through awareness campaign on social media and WhatsApp groups. Online training sessions can also be arranged for the COVID-19 literacy of the library staff and library clientele. Conclusion: The adoption of COVID-19 precautionary measures in libraries will result into a better library culture. These practices will control the spread of this contagious virus to ensure a safe and healthy Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims at the assessing and improvising the services - digital library, books, journals, newspapers, Tumitin software for plagiarism, indexing.and abstracting and PhD theses - rendered by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) Library. User's satisfaction is considered as key element to assess the current status of the services in the world. In order to evaluate the services of library from the students' vintage point, the researchers sought feedback from the visitors of the HEC library using a survey research method. The research measured the users' satisfaction level about library ambience, behavior of supporting staff, number and variety of data bases, digital library, availability of journals, indexing services, access of PhD theses and plagiarism detecting facility in 2015. Sample of the study comprised of 128 library visitors. A three point Likert Scale was used from 1 (least satisfied) to 3 (most satisfied). The study expressed that the mostly users were moderately satisfied with the current services offered in the HEC library. The study will help the HEC administration to improve the HEC Library resources and services based on findings of this research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to determine the status of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the University Libraries of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It covered the details about the hardware, software, e-recourses, in each library and the role of ICT in the provision of services offered. For data collection structured interviews were conducted of the University Librarians. The sample of the study was comprised of the four selected universities: University of Peshawar, Agricultural University, University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Peshawar and Khyber Medical University (KMU). The major findings revealed that all the major University libraries in Peshawar are using ICT but not adequately or with no proper pace. This weak state of affairs with regard to the status and implementation of ICT is due to many reasons including; insufficient strength of professional staff having lack of ICT skills with absence of training, lack of support of university management having played a crucial role in the present deplorable situation of these libraries in Peshawar. Therefore, both the library and the University's management need to pay serious attention towards the above mentioned problems so that the present status of ICT in the University Libraries may be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the invention of the internet the whole map of the world has changed. The whole community of the world has integrated into a globalized community. In Pakistan the users of internet are increasing gradually. The present study has been conducted for the objectives to expose the access to social media by the students of University of the Punjab Lahore, to explore the extent of use of social media by the students and to find the puiposes of the students in using social media. The study was quantitative in nature and was delimited to undergraduate and post graduate students of 12 faculties of University of the Punjab, Lahore. Survey research method was used to collect the data through questionnaire which was adopted with minor modifications. Stratified random sampling with equal allocation technique was used to collect data. The results of the study revealed that 100% students of University of the Punjab have access to internet, 94% students use social media and their favorite social media is facebook. Majority of the students were using social media up to 2 hours in a day. The results of the study also indicated that majority of the students were using social media for sharing information, academic purposes, religious learning, preaching and entertainment purposes. Researcher has recommended that proper facilities like IT skills, training workshops, Wi-Fi facilities, Laptops, desktops should be provided to the students so that they can use social media applications in more proper way. With the help of this study the researcher will have better understandings that what and how much is the usage of social media by the students and how its use can be made more effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to investigate the phenomenon of library anxiety in a Pakistan's academic library setting and examine various dimensions that may contribute towards increasing or decreasing the level of library anxiety. With the increase in use of information communication technologies, undergraduate students feel discomfort which leads to tension, fear and the feeling of uncertainty and obstruct efficient use of the library services. A sample of 550 undergraduate students of 1 st to 4th semesters of different departments / faculties of University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore were chosen through Stratified random sampling technique (with equal allocation). AQAK was used as instrument designed by Anwer et. al for conducting this study, t-test and one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used for analyzing the data. The analysis revealed that most of the undergraduate students of different departments / faculties feel mild level of library anxiety. The results further explored that gender has no significant difference, Pakistani students feel slightly higher library anxiety than foreigner students and 1st semester undergraduate students feel higher Information resources and library staff anxiety than 4th semester students and 3rd semester students feel higher and significant user knowledge anxiety than 2nd and 4th semester students as well as 1st semester students have significant and higher user education anxiety than 2nd and 4th semester students. Further on the basis of findings, recommendations and suggestion to reduce or tackle the library anxiety were also provided. This type of exploration has never been done previously and the main role of this study is its innovative role in recognizing the existence and effect of library anxiety to library users in Pakistan. This study will help in the development of strategies and methods better fit in identifying and reducing the library anxiety among library users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The different parameters/ factors were designed to assess the websites of the National Libraries of Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Singapore and Sri Lanka. Thirty five web analysis parameters/ factors were used for the evaluation process of the websites. An expert evaluation method was implemented to explore the study. The website of National Library Board Singapore ranked 1st and National Archives and National Library of Bangladesh ranked at last. The recommendation is made according to the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acquiring material in public libraries is a core library activity to fulfill the unique needs of the reader's community. The present study aims to explore the trends of monograph acquisition in public libraries. The population consists of the four major public libraries of Lahore. A case study approach has been used to achieve the objectives of the study. Research is based on primarily the personal visits of the researcher to the acquisition departments of these libraries in order to collect data. Structured interviews were carried out with acquisition librarians to investigate the process of purchasing. The analysis of data reveals that a high ratio of Urdu language books has been purchased during the last decade, literature and religion being the major purchase area, whereas, art and architecture, pure sciences, and languages are the most neglected. The findings further revealed that the studied libraries have primarily been using traditional and informal techniques for acquiring material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- The objective of this study is to gauge the level of information literacy skills of faculty members of the University of Lahore. Design/methodology/approach -- To collect required data from population, survey method was used. The participants consisted of the faculty members currently working in the University of Lahore, which reflected the conditions and environment of all campuses of the University of Lahore. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the sample from population of 650 faculty members of the university. The sample size consisted of 84 faculty members in randomly selection. A questionnaire was formulated and personally managed. Therefore collected data were evaluated. Findings -- It was found that a majority of faculty members be deficient in searching catalog and its use, choice of information sources, selection of relevant sources and formulation of search strategies. Likewise, many faculty members did not successful users of the university libraries. Originality/value -- An extensive search of available literature has shown that such type of study has never been done in the faculty members of the University of Lahore. This study will definitely help to organize different information literacy programs in the university to promote and to develop the information literacy skills among faculty and to improve the teaching quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study measures the service quality of university libraries of Pakistan from the user's perspective. The data were collected (JV= 1,473) from undergradu-ate and graduate students and faculty members of 22 Pakistani universities through a locally modified LibQUAL+ survey in Urdu. Library users rated 22 core survey items on a scale of 1 (low) to 9 (high) in terms of minimum acceptable service quality, desired service quality, and perceived service quality. Study findings indicate that libraries overall do not meet users' minimum acceptable and desired levels of service quality. The zone of tolerance identified eight problematic services, most of which are related to the information control dimension. This study also indicates a wide gap between users' perceptions and expectations of service quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to reveal the current status of services in the Quaid-e-Azam Medical College library (QMC), Government College of Technology library (GCT) & University College of Engineering & Technology library (UCET) at Bahawalpur. The data were collected through questionnaire survey of library users along with interviews of special librarians. This study was confined only to the three special libraries of Bahawalpur. The data collected were analyzed and conclusions were drawn. The analyses revealed that services provide by the special libraries of Bahawalpur were not up to the mark and users were not satisfied with the quality of services. Libraries had not up to date material. Adequate computers and internet facility was not available in the libraries. Findings of the study can be useful for understanding the problems faced by the special libraries of remote/less-developed areas of Pakistan and other developing countries of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a survey of large public sector university libraries of the Punjab Province and Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT) of Pakistan. The basic purpose is to get a broader understanding of users' perceptions about the library services. The survey is based on a questionnaire containing both open and close ended questions. The data were collected through mail, e-mail and personal visits. The study reveals that although respondents have shown their overall satisfaction with the library services, but the analysis of the data about users' satisfaction with major library services shows that they were not fully satisfied with their respective library services. The library users have also highlighted many problems, which they believed should be corrected. Findings of the study can be helpful for the library authorities and professionals for revisiting their library services and sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a survey of large public sector university libraries of the Punjab Province and Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT) of Pakistan. The basic purpose is to get a broader understanding of users' perceptions about the library services. The survey is based on a questionnaire containing both open and close ended questions. The data were collected through mail, e-mail and personal visits. The study reveals that although respondents have shown their overall satisfaction with the library services, but the analysis of the data about users' satisfaction with major library services shows that they were not fully satisfied with their respective library services. The library users have also highlighted many problems, which they believed should be corrected. Findings of the study can be helpful for the library authorities and professionals for revisiting their library services and sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Short Message Service (SMS) has become a cheap and popular source of communication in today''s society. The present study examines the mobile phone text messaging patterns of 96 university librarians from 29 public and private universities in Lahore, Pakistan. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire. Results indicate that university librarians use SMS tools, but do not prefer this technology as a means of communication through phone or e-mail. A majority of librarians use SMS to connect with friends/relatives or for entertainment purposes. They rarely use SMS to communicate with library users, professional colleagues, or administration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This study is an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of electronic resources and services in Pakistani university libraries on the basis of users'' satisfaction. A survey method was employed to conduct the research. Using convenience sampling, eight university libraries; four each from Islamabad and Lahore including two from the public sector and two from the private sector having IT applications, were included in the users survey. The total population (i.e., 40,236) of library users was very large; therefore, a reasonable, manageable and convenient sample of 800 library users, including 100 users each from the eight libraries was selected. A semi structured questionnaire was designed to collect data, while a five-point Likert Scale from 1 (Dissatisfied) to 5 (Extremely satisfied) was used to measure the satisfaction level of the respondent. The study concluded that Pakistani university libraries are offering effective electronic resources and services to their users. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article discusses library and information science in Pakistan as of April 2012, with a focus on library users and their expectations concerning library and information services provision. Topics include expectations among students and university faculty, the library service quality metric LibQUAL Protocol, and LibQUAL's reliance on disconfirmation and confirmation theory. Additional information is presented on libraries at Punjab University (PU), the knowledge of library staff, and exploratory/confirmatory factor analysis (E/CFA).

The service institutions always look for improvement of services to their clientele, They get technical support from the industry in the shape of hardware for the improvement of services. Libraries are not an exception towards accepting and implementing such technologies. The introduction of bar codes in the libraries improved services by saving librarians and users time on the one hand while on the other hand it brought accuracy towards charging different activities in libraries. The developed world has already accepted this technology and enjoying its fruits. In Pakistan, few libraries applied bar code technology as remedy to the problems of manual work. There is a need to make the librarians aware of the importance and benefits of such technologies for improvement of working conditions in the libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper based upon review of literature represents an appraisal of libraries in general as well as in Pakistani context. The authors have presented the traditional and modern library functions along with process and forms of education. The types of libraries and their roles especially the educational one have been highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to examine the development and growth of the university libraries in Pakistan. It also examines the obstacles in the provision of better library services in the universities of the country. The study is based on an extensive review of the available literature, personal observations of the author and discussions with the senior library professionals. It was found that the situation of university libraries in Pakistan is a satisfactory compared to other types of libraries, but they are not meeting the required standards and are not participating in the universities' educational and research programs satisfactorily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study on the user relationship management aspect of Dr. Muhammad Hamidullah Library at the Islamic Research Institute in Pakistan. The period of the library usage by the study's selected population is minimum one year and maximum fourteen years, while the average is four and a half years. Respondents offered observations on the library's physical settings, the library collection, the organization of library materials, frequency of staff support in locating the materials, the behavior of library staff, the library's technological infrastructure, and the information needs and resources consulted to fulfill these needs.

Purpose - To identify which library service Design/methodology/approach - Surveying experts in Pakistani libraries, a questionnaire was administered to determine both the types of library services that could generate and the viability of charging for library services. Findings - Out of 32 identified information services, 12 were identified as excellent candidates for the fee-based model. Another 16 were identified as having a better than 50 percent chance of success. Originality/value - Identifies a minimum of 28 library services that may generate funds for Pakistani libraries if they are changed to a fee-based model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]