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S・ZVI Particles were prepared by zervalent iron and NaS under anaerobic conditions, and the influence factors on the treatment of methylene blue wastewater were studied・ The results show that the surface of S-ZVI is rough with a sulfide film and has a shell core structure. The methylene blue removal rate of S-ZVI particles firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of S/Fe ratio. When the S/Fe ratio was 0・ 025, the methylene blue removal effect was the best, the removal rate was 98. 02%, and the overall reaction reached the adsorption equilibrium in 150 min, and it follows pseudo second order kinetic reaction・ The optimal pH of S・ZVI for methylene blue wastewater removal is between 6 and 8・ The removal rate of methylene blue under aerobic condition is 1 ・ 46 times that of anaerobic condition. The presence of oxygen helps to improve the removal effect of S-ZVI on methylene blue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent surge in gasoline prices has impacted travel costs which in turn have influenced model choice by travelers. Anticipating the mode choice of the public has become important in strategically developing future transportation systems. Urban travelers were surveyed. Travel mode choice behavior of travelers in different situations were obtained. The travelers were divided into private vehicles owners and non-owners groups with be willing to buy a car in the next five years, and the mixed Logit model was used to construct the travel mode choice models of the two groups under the influence of gasoline price hike. The significance of each factor was analyzed. Results show that the hiking rate of gasoline prices has a significant impact on travelers' choice of travel modes. For the private vehicle owners group, the rise of gasoline price has little impact on high-income travelers' change of car travel, and income is positively correlated with the probability of choosing by car. Age, income, travel time and travel distance have a significant impact on nonowners travelers' choice of car travel in the future. The research conclusions can provide a theoretical basis for the adjustment of gasoline prices and the formulation of traffic demand management strategies in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melanoma is the most aggressive skin malignant tumor, which is prone to early metastasis and relapse after treatment. Therapeutic tumor vaccines are new immunotherapies, which have the advantages of low toxicity and inhibiting tumor metastasis. Melanoma has a high mutation load and a large number of specific antigens. Currently, various types of tumor vaccines have been developed for melanoma, especially those based on dendritic cells (DC). Although the efficacy of therapeutic DC vaccines in melanoma has been confirmed by a number of studies, these vaccines still have problems such as insufficient immune effect and poor efficacy when used alone, and there is still a large room for improvement. In this paper, the current research status of therapeutic DC vaccines for melanoma was reviewed, and the research key points and optimization strategy of therapeutic DC tumor were prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] This paper aimed to explore the effects of liquid nitrogen quick freezing and immersion chilling and freezing on the eating quality and volatile flavors of soft-boiled chicken. [Methods] The soft-boiled chickens were treated by air blast freezing(AF) with -18 ℃, liquid nitrogen quick freezing (NF) and immersion chilling freezing (ICF), and were stored in a freezer at -18 ℃ after the core temperature of the samples reached -18 ℃. After one month storage, the soft-boiled chickens were thawed to explore the effect of different freezing methods on the eating quality of soft-boiled chicken. [Results] The freezing rate of NF and ICF treatments was about 60 times and 15 times higher than that of AF treatment respectively; the thawing losses of NF and ICF treatments were 3.82% and 3.16%, respectively, and the thawing losses of NF and ICF treatments were reduced by more than 30% compared with that of AF treatment. NF and ICF treatments were effective in maintaining color and delaying the decrease of pH value during the freezing process. The MDA content of NF and ICF treatments was 0.55 and 0.44 mg·kg-1. The flavor contents after freezing and thawing were different from those of freshly cooked soft-boiled chicken. The sensory scores of NF and ICF treatments were significantly higher than those of AF treatment. [Conclusions] Both NF and ICF treatments could prevent the quality deterioration caused by blast freezing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pattern in inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells of the Shang Dynasty likes an punishment implement stabbing into one’s eyes. Its original meaning was boy servant. It has 9 pronunciations. Its extended meanings are produced by the original meaning of " boy servant"and the core meaning of "nothing on the surface". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of digital technology, virtual spaces have attracted widespread attention. Some studies have suggested that there is a certain interaction and dependence between virtual and geospatial spaces. However, most current research interprets geospatial implications in virtual spaces using semantic interpretation methods and lacks case studies that combine specific industries. Represented by the short video industry, the digital economy industry has constructed a virtual communication space that is distinct from the geospatial space through Internet media, possessing analytical conditions and values with dual spatial attributes. Given that short videos are important carriers of virtual social networks, this study focuses on the top short video creators on Bilibili, known as "POWER UP 100," who produce original short video content from 2018 to 2021. Relying on their basic information, video information, linkage situations, and other data, this study quantifies the two virtual space attributes of selected short video creators (influence and network centrality) using methods such as Spearman's correlation coefficient and social network analysis. Furthermore, it discusses the relationship between these two attributes and their geospatial attributes (geographical location and hierarchy), thus exploring whether the virtual space attributes of short video creators depend on their geospatial attributes. This study confirms that virtual spaces exhibit a certain degree of dependence on the geospatial space. Regarding the correlation between the UP virtual level and geospatial hierarchy, there are differences in the distribution of UP creator influence levels in different cities, with larger and higher-level cities having more dispersed UP creator influence levels. High-level top creators are mostly located in super-large cities, whereas low-level cities rarely have such creators. Although virtual networking platforms can, to some extent, enable top creators to attract fans and overcome geographical limitations, the level and range of their influence remain closely tied to the geographical hierarchy within the geospatial space. Virtual space interconnectivity networks based on UPs exhibit strong distance correlation, with linkage frequency primarily determined by geographical distance. However, in virtual space interconnectivity networks based on cities, the dominant role of geographical distance weakens, whereas the role of city hierarchy increases. Therefore, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) There is only a weak positive correlation between the virtual space level of the top short video creators and the geospatial hierarchy. (2) The construction of virtual space networks by top short video creators exhibits geographical proximity and hierarchical orientation, demonstrating a certain dependence on the geospatial space. (3) The virtual space activities of the top short video creators are significantly influenced by factors such as the economic and cultural levels of their cities. This study provides guidance and inspiration for the future creative work of short video creators. However, using the short video industry as an example, it reaffirms the conclusion that the virtual space generated under media transformation cannot be detached from the existing geospatial space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main risk factors of recurrent spontancous abortion (RSA) include genetic, anatomical and endocrine factors, infection, immune dysfunction, pre-thrombotic state, systemic diseases of pregnant women and environmental factors. Clinical studies have shown that sperm quality is closely related to embryo development potential. The sperm-related factors of RSA, a variety of abnormalities in traditional semen parameters, sperm function parameters and sperm DNA / chromatin integrity, were reviewed, which provides a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of RSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Tissue-engineered bone has become an important means of repairing maxillofacial bone defects due to its minimally invasive, safe and accurate characteristics. OBJECTIVE: The model of chick chorioallantoic membrane was loaded with different intensities of electric field, to detect the blood vessel growth-related parameters, and to explore the effect of electric field on force-vascularization of tissue-engineered bone, in order to search for a method that can promote force-vascularization of tissue-engineered bone, thus increasing the repair success rate. METHODS: The model of chick chorioallantoic membrane (Inshell model) was established using the chicken embryos hatched for 8 days. The models were randomized into A, B, C, D, and E groups, followed by loaded with 0, -0.75, -1.5, -3 and +1.5 V and steady direct current electric fields at different directions. The images were taken at 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours. The average blood vessel length and growth angle were measured by Image J, and analyzed on SPSS 22.0 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After loaded with different currents of electric fields, the average growth rate of vessel length in the groups A, B and C was 0.012, 0.023, and 0.047 5 mm/h, respectively. Independent sample t test results revealed that after loaded with -1.5 and 0 V for 48 hours, the average length of blood vessel was (4.22 ±0.436) and (3.21±0.31) mm/mm2, respectively, and the difference was significant (P < 0.01). After loaded with -1.5 and 0 V for 48 hours, the angle of blood vessels was (21.36±20.16)° and (82.17±50.44)°, respectively, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). The chick chorioallantoic membrane around the electrode in the groups D and E degenerated and chick embryos died. These findings indicate that appropriate negative electricity promotes the growth of blood vessels, and changes the angle of blood vessel growth, suggesting that steady direct current electric field greatly affects chick chorioallantoic membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, CMC-modified nano-Fe /Ni bimetallic materials were prepared to investigate the influence factors of CMC-nano-Ni-Fe bimetallic materials on the removal of p-nitrophenol from water. The results showed that the PNP removal efficiency of the material first increased and then decreased with the increase of nickel-iron ratio, and the optimal nickel-iron ratio was 0.025.With the increase of the initial concentration of PNP, the concentration first increased and then decreased, and the optimal concentration was 30 mg/L. The reaction is greatly affected by pH, and the removal rate of PNP is acidic ＞ neutral ＞ basic. When the pH is 5, the removal rate of PNP can reach 100% after 120 minutes of reaction. The infrared spectrum of CMC-Fe/Ni composite shows that the vibration absorption peak of CMC functional group decreases with the increase of Ni/Fe ratio, but the overall structure is relatively stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives]Ascorbate peroxidase(APX)removes excess plant peroxides by using an electron donor from ascorbic acid,which is an essential mechanism in response to abiotic stress. The aim of the paper is to study the response of DcAPX gene in the process of resisitance to abiotic stress. [Methods]The DcAPX gene was cloned from carrot variety‘Kurodagosun’. Expression profiles under high and low temperature,drought,and salinity treatments were performed to further understand the roles of the gene in response to abiotic stress in carrot. The gene was submitted to GenBank and the accession number is KR364573. [Results]Sequence analysis indicated that the length of DcAPX gene was 753 bp,which encoded 250 amino acids. It is predicted that the relative molecular mass of its protein was 27.76×103,and pI was 5.65. Amino acid sequence comparison showed that the evolutionary relationship of DcAPX from carrot was close to Pimpinella brachycarpa,which both belong to the Apiaceae family. Structure analysis showed that DcAPX was made up of 38.40% alpha helix,10.40% extended strand,and 51.20% random coil. Analysis on three-dimension structure implied that the enzyme was composed of 10 alpha helixes and 4 beta sheets. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that carrot DcAPX gene was tissue-specific,and had the highest expression level in the leaf. [Conclusions]DcAPX gene was significantly induced by abiotic stress,and the gene may play important roles in resistance against abiotic stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To investigate the anti-fibrotic effect of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) in arecoline (ANE)-induced oral submucous fibrosis, and to analyze the effect of PNS on nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) signaling pathway. METHODS: CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of PNS and arecoline on the survival rate of human immortalized keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. The results of CCK-8 were used to select 75 mg/L arecoline, and 25，50 and 100 mg/L PNS as subsequent experimental concentrations. The cells were set as blank control group, model group, and low, medium and high doses (25，50 and 100 mg/L) of PNS groups. The protein and mRNA expressions of collagen type I (COL-I), E-cadherin, Nrf2, GCLC and glutathione reductase (GR) in each group were detected by Western blot and RT-qPCR. Immunofluorescence method was used to detect the entry of Nrf2 into the nucleus. Biochemical kits were used to detect the content of glutathione (GSH), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in each group of cells. DCFH-DA fluorescent probe was used to detect the content of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). RESULTS: Compared with the blank control group, the protein and mRNA expression of COL-I in the model group was up-regulated, and the protein and mRNA levels of E-cadherin, Nrf2, GCLC, nuclear Nrf2 and GR were down-regulated. The content of NADPH, MDA and ROS in the cells increased, and the content of GSH and the activity of SOD was significantly reduced. Compared with the model group, the protein and mRNA expression of COL-I was down-regulated, and the protein and mRNA expression of E-cadherin, Nrf2, GCLC, nuclear Nrf2 and GR were up-regulated in PNS 50 and 100 mg/L groups. Compared with the model group，the content of NADPH, MDA and ROS in cells decreased, and the content of GSH and the activity of SOD was significantly enhanced (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). CONCLUSION:Panax notoginseng saponins have anti-fibrosis effects in HaCaT cells, and their mechanism may be related to the activation of Nrf2/GCLC signaling pathway, thereby resisting oxidative stress and improving oral submucosal fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of survival of patients with airway stenosis requiring clinical interventions after lung transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 66 patients with airway stenosis requiring clinical interventions after lung transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Cox’s regression models were adopted to analyze the influencing factors of survival of all patients with airway stenosis and those with early airway stenosis. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the overall survival and delineate the survival curve. Results For 66 patients with airway stenosis, the median airway stenosis-free time was 72 (52,102) d, 27% (18/66) for central airway stenosis and 73% (48/66) for distal airway stenosis. Postoperative mechanical ventilation time [hazard ratio (HR) 1.037, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.005-1.070, P=0.024] and type of surgery (HR 0.400, 95%CI 0.177-0.903, P=0.027) were correlated with the survival of patients with airway stenosis after lung transplantation. The longer the postoperative mechanical ventilation time, the higher the risk of mortality of the recipients. The overall survival of airway stenosis recipients undergoing bilateral lung transplantation was better than that of their counterparts after single lung transplantation. Subgroup analysis showed that grade 3 primary graft dysfunction (PGD) (HR 4.577, 95%CI 1.439-14.555, P=0.010) and immunosuppressive drugs (HR 0.079, 95%CI 0.022-0.287, P<0.001) were associated with the survival of patients with early airway stenosis after lung transplantation. The overall survival of patients with early airway stenosis after lung transplantation without grade 3 PGD was better compared with that of those with grade 3 PGD. The overall survival of patients with early airway stenosis after lung transplantation treated with tacrolimus was superior to that of their counterparts treated with cyclosporine. Conclusions Long postoperative mechanical ventilation time, single lung transplantation, grade 3 PGD and use of cyclosporine may affect the survival of patients with airway stenosis after lung transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Sunlight pollution caused by glass curtain walls of buildings in urban environment has brought great threats to traffic safety, fire control and residents' health. At present, most researches on architecture sunlight pollution traditionally focus a local small range at specific construction based on simulation or measurement methods. We keep the way of three‑dimensional (3D) computation, dissimilarly integrates geographic resources to expand the perception range of city sunlight pollution brought by building glasses. Methods: The calculation technique of sunlight pollution builds 3D spatial relationship among road, building facade and sunlight in real urban environment, using deep‑learning image segmentation to extract glass curtain walls. Then, combined with glare evaluation model, we develop an innovative sunlight pollution model from perspective of drivers to evaluate the suitability for people. Results: Taking Shenzhen Fu‑ tian Center as an example, the multi‑level analyses of sunlight pollution are implemented by means of calculation under real time and real location, and path selection based on evaluation. Through these instances, the time sequence regularity, the spatial distribution characteristics and the path estimation of architecture sunlight pollution are revealed. Conclusions: The analyses retain space computation mode with innovations, fully utilize street view resources, and provide people the macroscopic concept, which indicates relative strength of building sunlight pollution. Additionally, the method ensures instantaneity of urban sunlight pollution acquisition and computation, to a certain extent covers shortages of current researches, and is further capable of reference evaluation in environment protection, accurate warnings and predictions of glare intensity for pedestrians and drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to efficiently and accurately predict traffic conflicts between motorized and non-motorized vehicles at unsignalized roundabouts, a combined prediction model (SVR-GA-BP) based on genetic algorithm optimized BP neural network (GA-BP) and support vector machine regression (SVR) was proposed. The high-precision mixed traffic flow trajectory data was collected using drone video at an unsignalized roundabout. The video recognition software Tracker was used to extract the trajectory data of motorized and non-motorized vehicles conflicts. The time to collision (TTC) parameter was chosen as the discriminant index to determine the severity of motorized and non-motorized vehicles conflicts. Based on partial correlation analysis, the traffic volume, average speed and percentage of heavy vehicles were determined as the significant influencing factors for conflicts. Five evaluation metrics, such as root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE), were selected to analyze the accuracy of the predicted values of SVR model, BP neural network and SVR-GA-BP model. The results show that the accuracy of the combined model in minor conflict prediction is 97. 1%, which is 6. 9% and 2. 5% higher than that of SVR and BP model respectively. The accuracy of the combined model in serious conflicts prediction is 96. 1%, which is 7. 3% and 5. 1% higher than that of SVR and BP model respectively. It can be seen that the SVR-GA-BP combined model can effectively predict the motorized and non-motorized vehicles traffic conflict of unsignalized roundabout with the highest accuracy, which can provide reference for the safety evaluation of the same type of intersections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to study the effect of Echinops latifolius Tausch flavonoids on immune and antioxidant indexes of mice. A total of 80 Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups, with 20 replicates in each group and one mouse in each replicate. The mice in low dose group, middle dose group, and high dose group were gavaged with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg Echinops latifolius Tausch flavonoids, respectively, and the mice in the blank control group were treated with the same amount of distilled water. The experiment lasted for 30 d. The results showed that compared with control group, the thymus and spleen indexes of the mice in each dose group were increased (P>0.05), and the thymus index of high-dose group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). The serum levels of IgG and IgA in high-dose group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), and the serum level of IgM was slightly higher than that in control group (P>0.05). The serum IgA level in medium-dose group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the serum levels of IL-1β in high-dose group and medium-dose group were extremely decreased (P<0.01), and the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in high-dose group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The serum IL-6 of mice in medium dose group was significantly rdecreased (P<0.05). The activity of SOD in serum of mice in high, medium and low dose groups were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), and GSH-Px activity was extremely higher than control group (P<0.01). The serum T-AOC of mice in high and low dose group was extremely higher than that in control group (P<0.01), and the serum MDA content of mice in high dose group was extremely lower than that in control group (P<0.01). The study indicates that the Echinops latifolius Tausch flavonoids can promote the development of immune organs in mice, enhance the antioxidant capacity of mice, and improve the immune function of mice, and adding 400 mg/kg flavonoid solution has the best effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To investigate whether Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) attenuate arecoline (ANE)-induced human oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) by regulating ferroptosis, and to study its mechanism. METHODS: The OSF model was established by treating human immortalized keratinocyte cell line HaCaT with ANE. There were 6 groups created: blank group, model group(50 mg/L ANE), low-, medium- and high-dose (12. 5, 25 and 50 mg/L)PNS groups, and liproxstatin-1 (ferroptosis inhibitor) group. The morphological changes of the cells were observed under a light microscope. Cell viabilty was detected by CCK-8 assay. Collagen type I (Col-l), solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)protein expression levels were detected by Western blot. The morphological changes of mitochondria were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The Fe2+ level was detected by FerroOrange fluorescent probe. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content was detected by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe. The content of glutathione (GSH)was determined by colorimetry. RESULTS: Compared with blank group, the majority of the cells in model group displayed long spindle shape, fibrotic appearance, unstable adhesion, and obvious morphological changes. Under electron microscope, mitochondrial double membrane density increased, and cristae decreased significantly, presenting typical ferroptosis. The expression of Col-I increased, GPX4 and SLC7A11 protein expression decreased, Fe2+ and ROS levels increased, and GSH content decreased (all/><0. 05). Compared with model group, most of the cells in low-, medium- and high-dose PNS groups were round and epit he lo id, with decreased mitochondrial membrane density, increased ridge number and normal morphology, decreased Col-I expression and ROS level, and increased GSH content (all P<0. 05). Compared with model group, the protein expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 in medium- and high-dose PNS groups were significantly increased, while the content of Fe2+ was significantly decreased (all P<0. 05). There were no significant differences in cell and mitochondrial morphology and indicator levels between liproxstatin-1 group and high-dose PNS group (all 05). CONCLUSION: Panax notoginseng saponins can alleviate OSF by preventing the ferroptosis of HaCaT cells induced by ANE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To investigate the expression of syntaxin binding protein 4 (STXBP4) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its effects on the malignant biological behavior of OSCC cells. METHODS: (1) The TIMER, GEPIA2, UALCAN, ENCORI, GEO and HPA databases were used to comprehensively study the expression of STXBP4 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissues at mRNA and protein levels. The mRNA and protein expres⁃ sion levels of STXBP4 in OSCC cell lines were detected by qPCR and Western blot, respectively. (2) The expression of STXBP4 in SCC-9 cells was down-regulated by small interfering RNA (siRNA), and knockdown (si-STXBP4-1, si-STXBP4-2 and si-STXBP4-3) groups and negative control (si-NC) group were established. Overexpression of SCAL-27 cells was achieved by lentivirus transfection, and overexpression (LV-STXBP4) group and negative control (LV-NC) group were established. The viability, colony formation and migration of OSCC cells were examined by CCK-8, plate colony formation, and Transwell assays, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of epithelial-mesen⁃ chymal transition (EMT)-related proteins. (3) By establishing a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model in nude mice, we in⁃ vestigated the effect of STXBP4 on the proliferation of OSCC cells in vivo. RESULTS: (1) Analysis of the TIMER, GE⁃ PIA2, UALCAN, ENCORI and GEO databases revealed that HNSCC tissues had higher STXBP4 mRNA levels than nor⁃ mal tissues. Immunohistochemical staining from HPA database showed that STXBP4 protein in HNSCC tissues was higher than that in normal oral mucosa tissues. In contrast to normal oral mucosa cells, STXBP4 was highly expressed in 5 OSCC cell lines (P<0. 05). (2) The relative expression of STXBP4 in SCC-9 cells transfected with si-STXBP4-1, si-STXBP4-2 and si-STXBP4-3 was significantly lower than that in si-NC group (P<0. 01). Compared with si-NC group, knockdown of STXBP4 resulted in decreased proliferation and migration of SCC-9 cells (P<0. 05). The CAL-27 cells transfected with LV-STXBP4 had considerably higher STXBP4 level than the cells in LV-NC group (P<0. 01), and had markedly better proliferation and migration abilities than those in LV-NC group (P<0. 01). The protein expression of N-cadherin decreased and that of E-cadherin increased after STXBP4 expression was knocked down, while STXBP4 overexpression exerted the opposite effects (P<0. 05). (3)In vivo, overexpression of STXBP4 increased the volume and weight of xenograft tumors in nude mice (P<0. 05). CONCLUSION: High expression of STXBP4 promotes the proliferation and migration of OSCC cells, and its effect on the migration behavior of OSCC cells may be related to EMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The study aimed to explore the molecular characteristics and the expression regulation pattern of STR gene（CsSTR） in tea plant（Camellia sinensis）, so as to lay the foundation for further functional analysis of CsSTR gene and for mining the medicinal value of tea. 【Method】By employing the RACE technology, CsSTR1 gene was cloned. The physicochemical properties, protein structure, subcellular localization and phylogenetic relationship of CsSTR1 protein were studied by the methods of bioinformatics. Expression pattern of CsSTR1 gene was analyzed by qPCR. 【Result】The full length of CsSTR1 cDNA was 1382 bp, containing 92 bp 5′ UTR, 159 bp 3′ UTR, 1131 bp CDS. The CsSTR1 protein had 376 aa, with the molecular weight being 41.5 kD, the theoretical isoelectric point being 6.36, the instability index being 29.74, the aliphatic index being 88.94, and the grand average of hydropathicity being-0.077. Subcelluar analysis revealed that the CsSTR1 protein was localized in vacuole. The proportions of random coil, extended strand, α-helix and β-turn in the secondary structure of CsSTR1 protein were 42.82%, 29.79%, 16.76%, and 10.64%, respectively. The three-dimensional structure of CsSTR1 protein displayed as six-bladed β-propeller. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a close genetic relationship between CsSTR1 and rice OsSTRL2 protein. qPCR results showed that CsSTR1 gene was expressed in various organs of tea plant, with higher expression levels in buds, the first leaf, the second leaf and the third leaf, with lower expression levels in flowers and fruits. Up-regulation of CsSTR1 gene was seen under low temperature, PEG simulated drought stress, MeJA and SA treatments; Expression of CsSTR1 gene was down-regulated by ABA after 24-48 hours of the treatment. 【Conclusion】The results suggest that CsSTR1 has an important role in both the buds and leaves development of tea plant and defense response to adversity stress, MeJA, SA and ABA can regulate the CsSTR1 gene expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy is one of the main methods for the treatment of brain tumors, which significantly improves the clinical efficacy. However, its side effects on normal brain tissue seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it is particularly important to find a way to effectively prevent the damage of normal brain tissue and to study its mechanism. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect and mechanism of Laminaria japonica polysaccharide intervention on radiation-induced brain injury in mice. METHODS: Ninety-six male Kunming mice, SPF grade, were randomly divided into four groups (n=24 per group): a control group, an irradiation group, a Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJP) group, and an irradiation+LJP group. All mice were given 7-day continuous administration before radiation, and then 60Go γ-rays (30 Gy) were used to establish a radiation brain injury model in mice. Immunofluorescence method was used to detect the expression of fibrinogen and activation and deposition of astrocytes in the brain tissue. The ultrastructural changes of the cerebrovascular system were investigated under transmission electron microscope. The motion trails of the mice in the Morris water maze were observed before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After radiotherapy, the expression of fibrinogen in brain tissue was significantly increased, and astrocytes were obviously activated, while the radiation plus LJP intervention significantly relieved the deposition of fibrinogen in mice. Under the electron microscope, the brain vascular endothelial cells swelled, the basement membrane was broken and shed, and the blood-brain barrier structure changed after radiation. However, the ultrastructural morphology of the mouse blood-brain barrier in the radiation+LJP group was similar to that of the control group. After radiation, the number of times and activity time of the mice passing through the platform area was significantly reduced in the Morris water maze test (P < 0.05), while the activities of the radiation mice in the platform area showed an increasing trend after the LJP intervention. These results suggest that the protective effect of LJP on radiation-induced brain injury may be mainly achieved by maintaining the stability of the blood-brain barrier structure and regulating its permeability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the common adverse drug reactions and is the main cause of withdrawal of drugs after marketing, which has attracted more and more attention of the public, and herb-induced liver injury (HILI) is a special type of DILI. In recent years, the frequent occurrence of HILI not only seriously endangers the health of patients, but also causes the controversy over the safety of traditional Chinese medicine. Therefore, this article reviews the potential risk factors for HILI from the three aspects of "patient", "drug", and "use", so as to provide a basis for the objective identification, prevention, and control of HILI and a reference for the construction of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacovigilance system represented by liver injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammasomes play an important role in the innate immunity of the liver; however, the excessive activation of inflammasomes can lead to liver inflammation and injury. The mechanism of nucleotide - binding oligomerization domain - like receptor protein 3 ( NLRP3) inflammasome - mediated liver injury has been extensively studied. Related studies have shown that the development of various liver diseases may be associated with the excessive activation of inflammasomes, especially NLRP3 inflammasome. This article reviews inflammasomes, the activation mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome, and the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in different liver diseases, so as to provide a reference for the treatment targets of liver diseases from the perspective of NLRP3 inflammasome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the correlation between different body mass index (BMI) and new-onset diabetes (NODAT) after steatotic liver transplantation in adults. Methods The clinical data of 181 patients who underwent steatotic liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into four groups including 5 patients in the thin group (BMI＜18.5 kg/m² ), 82 patients in the normal group (18.5 kg/m² ≤BMI＜24 kg/m² ), 65 patients in the overweight group (24 kg/m2 ≤BMI＜28 kg/m2 ) and 29 patients in the obese group (BMI≥28 kg/m² ). Clinical data, incidence of complications and accumulated survival rates were compared between 4 groups. Binary Logistic regression were used to assess the risk factors of diabetes after steatotic liver transplantation, and the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were drawn to analyze the 1- year,3-year and 5-year cumulative survival rates of patients. Results The serum albumin level was significantly lower in the obese group than that of the normal group and overweight group (P＜0.05). Compared with the normal group, the incidence of NODAT was significantly increased in the overweight group and obese group (P＜0.01). The incidence of NODAT was significantly higher in the obese group than that of the overweight group (P＜0.01). The incidence of NODAT was significantly higher in the obese group than that of the thin group (P＜0.05). Logistic analysis showed that the over weight (OR=3.423,95%CI:1.410-8.310) and obesity (OR=16.808,95%CI:6.023-46.907) were independent risk factors in the development of NODAT in steatotic liver transplantation (OR=1.363，95% CI：1.214-1.530). Survival curves revealed that the survival rate of the obese group was observably lower than that of the other 3 groups (Log-rank χ² =44.998，P＜0.01). Conclusion Overweight and obesity are independent risk factor for the occurrence of NODAT after steatotic liver transplantation, and rational control of BMI before surgery can significantly improve the prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Using the rapid growth period of the chorioallantoic membrane from the 8th day to the 12th day, vascular growth at bone defect end and vascular implantation of a bone graft substitute into the human body can be simulated. OBJECTIVE: To load hydroxyapatite into a chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model, and to establish an implanted revascularization model. METHODS: Twelve rosette eggs were incubated under the same suitable conditions for 8 days. After windowing, the eggs were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group was implanted with hydroxyapatite material to establish the model of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane carrying hydroxyapatite; control group was implanted with filter paper material, sealed and placed into a constant temperature and humidity box to continue to hatch. At the 12th day of incubation, length of new vessels and length of new vessels per unit area in the two groups were observed, and the angiogenesis on the hydroxyapatite and filter paper was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean length of new vessels and length of new vessels per unit area were 24.031 mm and 0.242 mm/mm2 in the experimental group, and 23.561 mm and 0.212 mm/mm2 in the control group, respectively. There were no significant differences between two groups. Additionally, vascular tissues were obviously observed on the hydroxyapatite samples in the experimental group. These experimental results show that the establishment of the model of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane carrying hydroxyapatite provides a simple and accurate in vitro animal model for studies on ideal bone graft materials and angiogenesis. The hydroxyapatite has no effect on the angiogenesis on the chorioallantoic membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the differences between parallelogram incision and fusiformis incision in the harvest of hair follicular unit. Methods From October 2017 to January 2020, the hair follicles in 127 patients were harvested by parallelogram incision or fusiformis incision. The number of hair follicles in 1 cm2 scalp stripe were calculated. The differences of follicular unit acquirement rate between parallelogram incision and fusiform incision were compared by paired t-test. Results The hair follicle acquirement rate by parallelogram incision was significant higher than that by fusiformis incision. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion In the harvest of hair follicles by scalp stripe method, parallelogram incision could achieve more hair follicles and less damages than fusiformis incision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]