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While early uses of technology in the sex industry centered on increasing accessibility to pornography or expanding advertising opportunities for direct service sex workers, the growing prevalence of personalized, platform-based sexual technologies reflects the postindustrial paradigm of sexual labor in which “authentic” emotional and physical connection is increasingly prioritized. In this study, we explored how erotic webcam modeling platforms (e.g. LiveJasmin) exemplify “bounded authenticity” by offering clients an experience of “genuine” intimacy that is nevertheless constrained by both its transactional nature and technological reality. We conducted a web-based survey of LiveJasmin clients (N = 2,047) in 2020. We assessed participants’ perceptions of the authenticity of their emotional bonds with models – and the boundaries that potentially constrain these relationships – via quantitative and qualitative measures. Quantitative results revealed that 65% of participants reported having ever experienced an emotional bond with a model, with over half of participants (51.6%) reporting that they believed the models cared about their lives outside the platform. Providing nuance to these findings, qualitative results illustrated the ways in which participants’ perceptions of the emotional authenticity and boundaries of these relationships varied, with participants reporting a range of experiences that extended from perceived “real” connections to those that feel transactional and hollow, but nevertheless shaped by the platform. Our findings ultimately underscore how camsite clients’ perceptions of these relationships mirror the tension between desiring genuine feelings of emotional intimacy from the models and the market and technological constraints of these experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intro Methods Results Discussion Communication is understood to be a pillar of democracy. Therefore, governments around the world enact laws which make it easier for politicians to communicate with their constituents. However, some governments also restrict this ability during campaign seasons as a way of unclogging the media. In the United States, congressional election blackout dates are periods in which politicians are not allowed to engage in mass unsolicited mailing of political advertising. Because the prohibition only applies to unsolicited media, we theorize that we should see the transition from one type of communication to another.To test this effect, we created a database containing all tweets by all Members of Congress from the last three Congresses.We find that immediately during the blackout periods, members of Congress substantially increase the number of tweets they post.We conclude that Members of Congress are strategic in their ability to exchange communication outlets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Questiones Publicitarias is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Historia y Comunicación Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective. To identify the persuasive messages used by the unhealthy food and beverage industry in the most visited social media by Mexican children and adolescents and to determine the age group they were aimed at. Materials and methods. 892 posts from the 20 most consumed unhealthy food and beverage products and brands in Mexico were analyzed, published on the official accounts of these products and brands on YouTube, Facebook, and Instagram. The primary message was determined and classified as emotional or rational, and the target audience: children, adolescents, or both. Results. On Facebook, the proportion of ads with emotional messages (50.7%) and rational messages (49.3%) was similar. On YouTube, there was a higher proportion of rational messages (60.2%). There were 2.9 more chances for an emotional persuasive message to be aimed at children or teenagers in comparison to messages that do not have directed advertising. Conclusion. The nature of the persuasive messages analyzed depends on the social network in which they were presented. It is important to regulate the advertising of unhealthy foods and beverages on social networks that seeks to influence the behavior and purchasing decisions of children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "We have the cow - let's finally stop buying the grass and giving away the milk!" suggests that libraries should utilize the economic value of their research data. It is recommended that libraries take on a role as business partners and charge for data services in existing license agreements. The article emphasizes the importance of a data-centered redesign of research and healthcare. It is suggested that scientific libraries in the healthcare sector can offer various data services to enable personalized advertising and direct contact with customers. It is also proposed to establish a working group for medical data utilization to drive the transformation process in healthcare. [Extracted from the article]

In 2022, John Abramson published Sickening: How Big Pharma Broke American Healthcare and How We Can Repair It. The book illustrates how large pharmaceutical companies have become misinformation machines that have corrupted peer-reviewed journals, systematic review authors, and guideline committees. Industry influence includes selective reporting of clinical trial results and selection of control groups likely to enhance benefits and disguise side effects. Other documented forms of influence include clear conflicts of interest for members of guideline committees and even direct intimidation. The book concludes with a series of implementable reforms, such as ensuring the accuracy and completeness of evidence, developing an independent National Health Board, designing clinical research to optimize health outcomes, requiring the posting of research data so that independent scholars can replicate analyses, and ensuring the accuracy of direct consumer advertising. Abramson's book is a must read for students of medicine, public health, and public policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Casinos use Cash (Free Play), Direct Mail and E-Mail Blasts, Buffet coupons, and Hotel Marketing among other offers in order to retain their loyal customers and also to invite new players to join their loyalty club. This study assessed the effectiveness of such promotions in terms of generated gaming revenues. Data from two mid-size casinos are used for this purpose. The method of Bayesian general linear models is used to determine the effects of various promotions on gaming revenue streams. Several promotion types were shown to have a significant impact on gaming revenue streams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using another media screen while watching television has become a part of people's daily routines. The topic of multiscreening has thus received increased attention from advertising scholars in recent years. To gain a better theoretical understanding of the circumstances under which multiscreening effects occur and to offer practical guidelines to advertisers, the current study synthesizes the results of past studies on multiscreening and advertising and examines the direct effects of multiscreening on both cognitive and affective advertising outcomes, the possible moderators of those effects, and the underlying mechanisms of multiscreening with regard to advertising outcomes. The results indicate a negative direct effect of multiscreening on cognitive outcomes. The effect is weakened, however, by factors related to research, advertising, and media. In addition, the results show no direct or total effect of multiscreening on affective advertising outcomes, but this again depends on various media-, advertising-, and research-related factors. Finally, the results show that attention, enjoyment, and resistance constitute the underlying mechanisms that explain the effect of multiscreening on memory and persuasion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Edwardian period the Daily Mail utilised a range of sophisticated marketing techniques to promote its brand. This article explores a series of competitions run by the newspaper, including the Daily Mail rose. As publicity stunts, these competitions associated the newspaper's brand with the lifestyle of the suburban middle class, and were promoted through exhibitions, including the Ideal Home Show. The leisure pursuit of gardening in particular was tied into these competitions, and the newspaper offered its readers both advice on this subject and the opportunity to participate in this activity in its pages. The Mail thus played on their aspirations and associated itself with an ideal of Englishness, often targeting women in particular. Through these conceits, it attached its branding to everyday objects transforming them into vehicles for advertising. Its success meant the Mail established an enduring link with material culture into the Post-War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: The study protocol is focused on qualitative and quantitative analysis and reflection of the media image and presentation of direct and hidden alcohol advertising in the Czech mass media, with an emphasis on social network platforms with a high degree of influence on young people. It responds to the need for verified resource points for discussion of the effectiveness and extent of the existing statutory regulation of alcoholic beverage advertising and methods for its possible tightening. METHODS: For the analysis of traditional (printed) media, the method of content analysis (human coding) will be used, and quantification will be achieved through the scaling technique. For digital media, individual submissions will be assessed by using the Content Appealing to Youth Index (CAY), which has been designed and validated to quantify specific features of audio-visual alcohol advertising content. DISCUSSION: The goal of the study is to review up-to-date evidencebased materials for health policy decision making related to preventive interventions to reduce alcohol usage. The study will reveal the degree of influence and the identification of the risk factors not only of direct but especially hidden advertising also presented on social media, which in particular affect young people at a risk age for starting alcohol consumption. The attitudes, approaches, persuasive strategies, and ethical opinions on alcohol consumption are presented and preferred by the community of social network users (especially influencers and celebrities). CONCLUSIONS: The innovativeness of the project is determined by the methodology used, which will produce comprehensive up-to-date evidence-based data for decision making in health policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The press as media advertising has been transformed by adaptative problems to the digital language. The text explores the ways of boarding these changes in nine publishers: from digital natives to the national titles and regional coverage. It treats to prepare a complete and harmonized proposal, through a work of direct observation of the advertising formats with a comparative between the standard denominations and those used in the rates of the online press. The research sheds light on how much has been inherited from print media or the need for revision of the nomenclature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Warning Labels (WL) highlight excessive amounts of critical nutrients in order to discourage consumption of unhealthful packaged food products. This study aimed to evaluate among Mexican school children, the objective understanding of traditional and numeric WL (aimed at small products) considered by the Mexican regulation, and whether cartoon characters influenced the understanding of WL. We also tested some communication strategies to facilitate the correct use of the WL. Methods: We carried out a randomized experiment in July 2019 in public elementary schools from Morelos, Mexico. Participants aged 6–13 years, were randomly assigned to one of four groups: 1) Nutrient Facts Panel (NF) (n = 120), 2) Nutrient Facts Panel with cartoon characters (NF + C) (n = 83), considered the control groups, 3) Warning Labels (WL) (n = 109), and 4) Warning Labels with cartoon characters (WL + C) (n = 96). After allocation, children assigned to both WL groups (WL or WL + C), were randomly required to watch two posters simultaneously or a video explaining how to correctly interpret WLs. Logistic regression models adjusted by sex, age and cluster (school) were fitted. Results: The percentage of children correctly choosing the healthiest or the unhealthiest option was higher for WL groups (56.8, 95%CI; 40.8–72.8) compared to NF groups (24.3, 95%CI; 20.4–28.3, p < 0.05). The understanding of traditional WL was higher (28.7, 95%CI: 22.8–35.4) than the numeric WL (19, 95%CI: 14.2–25.0, p < 0.05). But, correct answers for identifying healthy and unhealthy products were higher for numeric WL than for NF groups. Cartoon characters reduced the percentage of correct answers for choosing unhealthiest products (WL + C: 48.9, 95%CI: 25.6–72.4 vs WL: 58.7, 95%CI: 36.4–81.1, p < 0.05). The video was 2.23 times more helpful than the posters to the correct interpretation of the WL (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In scholar Mexican children, traditional and numeric WL were useful to identify healthier and unhealthier packaged products in comparison to NF, suggesting that both WL formats may effectively communicate the excessive content of nutrients of concern among children. Cartoon characters may reduce the objective understanding of the WL, underscoring the need to regulate advertising directed to children along with the implementation of front-of-pack labeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with gambling problems report more exposure and impact from gambling advertising, although less is known regarding the role of specific advertising types. Data on gamblers (n = 5830, 48.5% women, mean age = 44.27) was collected from a general population cross-sectional survey in Norway (32.7% response rate). We examined if problem gambling was associated with perceived advertising impact (on gambling involvement, awareness, and knowledge) or exposure (via internet, TV, retail outlet, newspaper, and direct advertising). We also investigated if advertising exposure was associated with advertising impact. ANOVAs revealed that problem gambling was associated with increased perceived advertising impact on gambling involvement (ω2 = 0.09, p <.001) and awareness of gambling (ω2 = 0.04, p <.001). Reported exposure to direct advertising increased linearly with problem gambling level (ω2 = 0.04, p <.001), whereas we found small/no differences in exposure to other types of advertising. Multiple regressions revealed that among advertising types, internet advertising was the strongest predictor of perceived advertising impact on gambling involvement (β = 0.1, p <.001). TV advertising was the strongest predictor of advertising impact on knowledge of gambling forms and operators (β = 0.28, p <.001) and awareness of gambling (β =.05, p <.05). Future studies should elucidate how different subtypes of internet advertising impact gambling involvement. Clinicians should assess clients' experiences with direct advertising and devise interventions for coping. Researchers should be aware that internet and direct advertising allow for more tailored content compared to other advertising types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of E-commerce, an increasing number of online platforms are conducting advertising campaigns to expand their sales. In some situations, the manufacturer is willing to share the advertising cost, while in others it is not. Additionally, recently, many online platforms have started choosing an agency contract, instead of a wholesale contract, to obtain a predetermined proportion of revenue from the manufacturer to make profits. This paper studies a scenario of a manufacturer selling through both a direct channel and a platform channel to investigate the interaction between a manufacturer's cooperative advertising strategy and a platform's distribution contract choice. We develop a stylized model based on game theory to drive the optimal prices and advertising level under different contracts. By using a representative consumer function, we drive the following interesting results. Firstly, under the wholesale contract, a manufacturer prefers cooperating only when the cost-sharing rate is small, but under an agency contract, when the revenue-sharing rate is large, the manufacturer will not choose to cooperate even if the cost-sharing rate is low. Secondly, the platform's profit does not always increase in the revenue-sharing rate. Finally, under some conditions, the platform would prefer that the manufacturer not share the cost. Specifically, when the competition intensity is small and the revenue-share rate is high, the platform would rather choose an agency contract to cover all advertising costs on its own than a wholesale contract where the manufacturer is willing to share advertising costs. We also consider direct channel advertising as well in an extension, and the qualitative results still hold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates how aliterate consumers process drug risk information. An experimental approach and 398 participants were employed to assess the effects of manipulating drug risk presentation format. When drug risk information is presented in paragraph form, highly consumer aliterate individuals display lower levels of drug risk comprehension and different levels of perceived drug risk than their less-consumer aliterate peers. Providing the same information in a bullet format attenuated consumer aliteracy driven differences in comprehension and eliminated differences in perceived drug risk. These results hold important ethical implications regarding how risk information is disclosed in direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The effect of customers' forward-looking behavior on firms' profit has been highlighted by many researchers and practitioners. This study aims to develop a mathematical model for new generation products to analyze the optimal pricing and advertising policies in the presence of homogeneous forward-looking customers. A firm that produces and sells a new generation product was considered. This firm aimed to determine the optimal pricing and advertising expenditure by maximizing the total profit. Design/methodology/approach: The demand was presented as a diffusion model inspired by the Bass diffusion model. This paper used Pontryagin's maximum principle to analyze the proposed model. The presented model was implemented in some numerical examples by proposing a heuristic solution method. Numerical examples confirmed the theoretical results. Findings: This paper found a threshold on the optimal advertising policy depends on customers' forward-looking behavior, advertising coefficient (both direct and word-of-mouth advertising) and discount rate. The funding showed that the optimal pricing path of the first generation was monotonically decreasing or increasing and, then, decreasing. Results revealed that, by increasing the customers' forward-looking behavior, the firm should reduce the price and advertising expenditure. Also, the price was shown to be negatively affected by the discount rate and word-of-mouth advertising. The profitability will improve if the firm spends more budget on advertising by increasing the discount rate and advertising effectiveness. Further, when the word-of-mouth advertising effect is high, the firm should increase the advertising expenditure first and, then, decrease it. Originality/value: Nowadays, forward-looking customers' anticipation for releasing a new generation can harm the firms' profit. In this regard, this research analyzed optimal pricing and advertising policies for a new generation product in a market populated by homogeneous forward-looking customers. To the best of the knowledge, this is the first study that investigated these two marketing policies jointly in the presence of forward-looking customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Doxa Comunicación is the property of Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo - CEU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this modern era, each and everything is computerized, and everyone has their own smart gadgets to communicate with others around the globe without any range limitations. Most of the communication pathways belong to smart applications, call options in smartphones, and other multiple ways, but e-mail communication is considered the main professional communication pathway, which allows business people as well as commercial and noncommercial organizations to communicate with one another or globally share some important official documents and reports. This global pathway attracts many attackers and intruders to do a scam with such innovations; in particular, the intruders generate false messages with some attractive contents and post them as e-mails to global users. This kind of unnecessary and not needed advertisement or threatening mails is considered as spam mails, which usually contain advertisements, promotions of a concern or institution, and so on. These mails are also considered or called junk mails, which will be reflected as the same category. In general, e-mails are the usual way of message delivery for business oriented as well as any official needs, but in some cases there is a necessity of transferring some voice instructions or messages to the destination via the same e-mail pathway. These kinds of voice-oriented e-mail accessing are called voice mails. The voice mail is generally composed to deliver the speech aspect instructions or information to the receiver to do some particular tasks or convey some important messages to the receiver. A voice-mail-enabled system allows users to communicate with one another based on speech input which the sender can communicate to the receiver via voice conversations, which is used to deliver voice information to the recipient. These kinds of mails are usually generated using personal computers or laptops and exchanged via general e-mail pathway, or separate paid and nonpaid mail gateways are available to deal with certain mail transactions. The above-mentioned e-mail spam is considered in many past researches and attains some solutions, but in case of voice-based e-mail aspect, there will be no options to manage such kind of security parameters. In this paper, a hybrid data processing mechanism is handled with respect to both text-enabled and voice-enabled e-mails, which is called Genetic Decision Tree Processing with Natural Language Processing (GDTPNLP). This proposed approach provides a way of identifying the e-mail spam in both textual e-mails and speech-enabled e-mails. The proposed approach of GDTPNLP provides higher spam detection rate in terms of text extraction speed, performance, cost efficiency, and accuracy. These all will be explained in detail with graphical output views in the Results and Discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is common among military veterans seeking treatment in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare facilities. As chiropractic services within VA expand, well-designed pragmatic trials and implementation studies are needed to assess clinical effectiveness and program uptake. This study evaluated veteran stakeholder perceptions of the feasibility and acceptability of care delivery and research processes in a pilot trial of multimodal chiropractic care for chronic LBP. Methods: The qualitative study was completed within a mixed-method, single-arm, pragmatic, pilot clinical trial of chiropractic care for LBP conducted in VA chiropractic clinics. Study coordinators completed semi-structured, in person or telephone interviews with veterans near the end of the 10-week trial. Interviews were audiorecorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis using a directed approach explored salient themes related to trial implementation and delivery of chiropractic services. Results: Of 40 participants, 24 completed interviews (60% response; 67% male gender; mean age 51.7 years). Overall, participants considered the trial protocol and procedures feasible and reported that the chiropractic care and recruitment methods were acceptable. Findings were organized into 4 domains, 10 themes, and 21 subthemes. Chiropractic service delivery domain encompassed 3 themes/8 subthemes: scheduling process (limited clinic hours, scheduling future appointments, attendance barriers); treatment frequency (treatment sufficient for LBP complaint, more/less frequent treatments); and chiropractic clinic considerations (hire more chiropractors, including female chiropractors; chiropractic clinic environment; patient-centered treatment visits). Outcome measures domain comprised 3 themes/4 subthemes: questionnaire burden (low burden vs. time-consuming or repetitive); relevance (items relevant for LBP study); and timing and individualization of measures (questionnaire timing relative to symptoms, personalized approach to outcomes measures). The online data collection domain included 2 themes/4 subthemes: user concerns (little difficulty vs. form challenges, required computer skills); and technology issues (computer/internet access, junk mail). Clinical trial planning domain included 2 themes/5 subthemes: participant recruitment (altruistic service by veterans, awareness of chiropractic availability, financial compensation); and communication methods (preferences, potential barriers). Conclusions: This qualitative study highlighted veteran stakeholders' perceptions of VA-based chiropractic services and offered important suggestions for conducting a full-scale, veteran-focused, randomized trial of multimodal chiropractic care for chronic LBP in this clinical setting. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.govNCT03254719 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes dadvertising codes associated with gender equality. Dadvertising is a type of advertising that promotes accurate and multifaceted representations of males in their role as fathers within the home. Being an emerging trend, there are not enough studies to build empathetic and inclusive advertising messages directed at parents. For this study, a qualitative methodology was adopted to analyze the Interbank branding spot "More time to grow". Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 Peruvian parents age 25 to 39 years. Results of the analysis showed that dadvertising codes associated with gender equality in the spot are: protection, satisfaction, fellowship, emotional empowerment, equity values, emotional expression and work-family balance. These codes contribute to the construction of an advertising discourse away from traditional stereotypes, aimed at generating a positive brand identification and attitude toward parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mediterranean Journal of Communication / Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación is the property of Revista Mediterranea de Comunicacion / Mediterranean Journal of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This brief study aims to reflect on the current use of forms of address in European Portuguese. It will attempt to show that, although the use of the pronominal form Tu is beginning to gain more and more space within interpersonal relationships, the third person null subject continues to be preferred. The study is devoted to the analysis of some current examples taken from the advertising of products directed to many age groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To quantify food/beverage advertising on television in Montreal (Quebec), to estimate and characterise children's exposure and to examine trends over time.Design: Television food advertising data were licensed for nineteen food categories and eighteen stations for May 2011, 2016 and 2019. The frequency of advertisements and the average number viewed per child aged 2-11 years overall, by food category and by station type (i.e. youth-appealing (n 3) and generalist (n 15) stations) were determined. The percent change in advertising frequency and exposure between May 2011 and 2019 was calculated.Setting: Montreal, Quebec, Canada.Participants: This study used media data and did not directly involve human participants.Results: The total number of television advertisements increased by 11 % between May 2011 (n 41 084) and May 2019 (n 45 406); however, exposure to food/beverage advertisements decreased by 53 %, going from 226 ads/child in May 2011 to 107 ads/child in May 2019. Overall, the most advertised food categories in both May 2011 and 2019 were fast food (29·8 % and 39·2 %, respectively) followed by chocolate (14·2 %) in 2011 and savory snacks (9·7 %) in 2019. In May 2019, children were predominantly exposed to unhealthy food categories such as fast food (41·3 % of exposure), savory snacks (7·5 %), chocolate (5·0 %) and regular soft drinks (4·5 %), and most (89·3 %) of their total exposure occurred on generalist television stations.Conclusion: Despite Quebec's restrictions on commercial advertising directed to children under 13 years, Quebecois children are still frequently exposed to unhealthy food advertising on television. Government should tighten restrictions to protect children from this exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

However, in accordance with the Court's settled case-law, in the procedure laid down by Article 267 TFEU providing for cooperation between national courts and the Court of Justice, it is for the latter to provide the national court with an answer which will be of use to it and enable it to determine the case before it. Furthermore, in that court's view, it follows from Article 86(1) and Article 88(1) to (3) of Directive 2001/83 that that directive covers not only advertising relating to certain particular medicinal products, but also the advertising of medicinal products in general. The referring court notes that only advertising of a particular product falls within the scope of the Gesetz über die Werbung auf dem Gebiete des Heilwesens (Heilmittelwerbegesetz) (Law on the advertising of medicinal products; "the HWG"),as opposed to general advertising for an undertaking. [Extracted from the article]

Researches on public broadcasting in the world are carried out in the light of the meanings attributed to the concept of public broadcasting by the British BBC company. The BBC has attributed information, entertainment and education meanings to the concept of public broadcasting. Evaluating the concept only through these three functions is inconsistent with the reality of public and private broadcasting. Public or commercial broadcasting organizations act to persuade and mobilize the masses while educating, informing and entertaining. The revenues of national method publishers depend on licenses and taxes. In the commercial broadcast method, revenues are met from advertising broadcasts. TRT has adopted the mixed (national commercial) method in its broadcasting method. Broadcast violations in Turkey are mostly in the form of advertising. Between 01.01.2019 and 30.09.2019, RT†K applied 61.11% of the sanctions arising from broadcast violations to advertising broadcasts, and the rate reaches 78.27% when the violation decisions arising from the 4th paragraph of Article 8 are added to the sanctions. RT†K did not have any legal sanctions for TRT broadcasting violations other than a warning. This situation formalizes the inspection and shows that the inspection does not have a deterrent aspect. Advertising directs people to consumption by activating human desires. Advertising producers use sexuality, the female body, children and attractions to amplify the frequency of the advertisement. TRT 1 advertisements include products that are harmful to public health, and women and children are used as objects. In this way, society is faced with the problem of legitimizing unethical methods. The public broadcaster must educate and protect the public against legitimized immorality and immorality. When TRT 1 advertising broadcasts are examined, TRT gives the appearance of dependence on the unethical and unregulated advertising market that is being tried to be legitimized. All of the attractiveness elements were found in the advertisements broadcast on TRT 1 between 15-23 May 2021. This situation will cause psychological and sociological problems for children and young people. In this study; the situation analysis technique, which is defined as researching and examining an event or phenomenon in detail, was used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Although cigarette use in the United States has declined over time, smokeless tobacco (SLT) use has remained steady. Direct-mail advertising and coupon redemption have been linked to increased tobacco use, and efforts to promote SLT through direct-mail advertising may contribute to sustained SLT use. We examined reach of SLT direct-mail advertisements by recipient demographics and promotional features, including coupons.Methods: Direct-mail data (n = 418) were acquired from Comperemedia (Mintel) and coded for product type (traditional [eg, chewing tobacco], pouched [eg, moist snuff, snus], or both [traditional SLT and any pouched SLT products]); promotions (eg, coupons); flavors; and themes (eg, masculinity). Using Mintel's volume estimates for number of pieces sent, we calculated the proportion of mail volume sent by recipient demographics (age, income, region) and advertising features across product type.Results: Between July 2017 and August 2018, tobacco companies sent an estimated 249 million pieces of SLT direct-mail to US households; approximately half (49.6%) featured pouched SLT products. Across product types, over 75% of mail volume was sent to 31- to 60-year-old adults and 30-40% was sent to low-income households. The majority (>70%) of pouched SLT product mail contained coupons and flavor promotions. Outdoor and blue-collar-lifestyle themes were prominent in advertisements for all product types, along with less common adventure- and fun-related appeals.Conclusions: Coupons, flavors, and a combination of blue-collar and fun/adventure message themes were used to promote traditional and pouched SLT products through direct-mail, particularly to low-income households. Results support limits on direct-mail coupon distribution and continued surveillance of marketing appeals.Implications: There is a long history of research into tobacco advertising practices, largely focusing on cigarettes. This study highlights specific direct-mail marketing tactics used by the tobacco industry, including coupons to promote SLT products across the United States. Given the limited success in reducing SLT use and the association between direct-mail promotions and tobacco use, these study results provide support for policies to restrict use of coupons in direct-to-consumer tobacco marketing and indicate the need for continued surveillance of direct-mail advertisements as the SLT market continues to evolve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines political advertising as an integral part of the life of every citizen. After all, it has significant potential for influencing the mass consciousness. Political advertising can be different: direct advertising, during the election campaign, subliminal one and advertising in the post-election period, but its essence remains the same – is in one way or another aimed at changing or consolidating certain political convictions. The main secret of advertising action lies in the use of the deep features of human psychology. Most frequent, it does not affect the mind, but the emotions and the subconscious. That is why, according to Article 70 of the Constitution of Ukraine: «Citizens of Ukraine who have reached eighteen years of age on the day of the elections have the right to vote», hence their psyche is more resistant to various influences of political advertising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zoe Sherman's Modern Advertising and the Market for Audience Attention gives historical substance to the theory that advertisers are buying the commodity of audience attention. Attention, she maintains, was commodified as the American advertising business assumed its modern institutional form during the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. Her study is notable for extending beyond print media to outdoor and direct-mail advertising. Based in trade publications and other primary sources, the study notes the complicated institutional relations among advertisers, agents, and media. These relations usually favor big-budget advertisers, but attention is a slippery commodity, difficult to measure or control. Sherman uses Karl Polanyi's concept of fictitious commodities to explain attention as a phenomenon that is inherently ill-suited for full commodification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Direct to consumer advertising (DTCA) of prescription drugs has increased dramatically in the past two decades. The effect of this increase in advertising on the frequency of inappropriate prescribing is poorly understood, as are the factors that may underly inappropriate prescribing. A review of existing observational and experimental studies that address advertising-related prescription requests and contain some measure of prescription appropriateness demonstrate that DTCA increases prescription requests, increases the likelihood of prescription, and increases both appropriate and inappropriate prescribing. Patient expectations, insufficient information sharing, and patient satisfaction surveys are proposed contributors to potentially inappropriate prescribing in response to DTCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The cost of customer acquisition is one of the largest expenses that service firms incur due to loss-generating quotes/proposals. This paper aims to connect interactive marketing communications channels with increased customer acquisition and non-interactive marketing communications channels with decreased customer acquisition by service firms. Design/methodology/approach: Two field studies using hazard models were used to assess the probability of acquiring a new customer after the prospect first contacts the firm. Multiple discrete hazard models were used to compare channels against each other. Findings: Three interactive marketing communications channels (word-of-mouth, online review forum, search engine optimization) increased the rate of acquiring a customer over time. I also compared non-interactive channels (billboard/signage, direct mail), but the analysis did not reveal any significant impact on acquisition rate by the non-interactive marketing communications channels. Originality/value: The present study illustrates why the cost of acquisition is so high in the service sector and takes the unique step of linking interactive marketing communications channels with higher customer acquisition rates over time in a services context. Specifically, interactive marketing channels enable customers to find firms that offer the attributes that they seek, thereby increasing acquisition probabilities and decreasing acquisition costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been a paradigm shift in the manner in which movies are marketed these days. Rather than direct advertising, movie producers all over the world started harnessing the potential of Word-of-Mouth (WOM) and Word-of-Mouth-Marketing (WOMM). Studies reveal that WOM creates numerous effects over the recipients. One among them is information effect. In this article an effort is made to theoretically establish the relationship between the antecedents of information effect of WOM in Motion Picture Industry (movie genre, star value, production budget, screen count, crew reputation and poster) and their impact on the potential movie-goers (awareness, attitude change and purchase intention) based on the findings of the previous studies in this domain. Moreover, a hypothesized model portraying the relationship between the antecedents of information effect of WOM and box office revenue is added to the existing literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Customer lifetime value (CLV) is an essential measure to determine the level of profitability of a customer to a firm. Customer relationship management treats CLV as the most significant factor for measuring the level of purchases and, consequently, the profitability of a given customer. This motivates researchers to compete in developing models to maximize the value of CLV. Dynamic programming models in general--and the Q-learning model specifically--play a significant role in this area of research as a model-free algorithm. This maximizes the long-term future rewards of a certain agent, given their current state, set of possible actions, and the next state of that agent, assuming the customer represents the agent and CLV is their future reward. However, due to the stochastic nature of this problem, it is inaccurate to obtain a single crisp value for Q. In this paper, fuzzy logic and neutrosophic logic shall be utilized to search for the membership values of Q to capture the stochasticity and uncertainty of the problem. Both fuzzy Q-learning and neutrosophic Q-learning were implemented using two membership functions (i.e., trapezoidal, and triangular) to search for the optimal Q value that maximizes the customer's future rewards. The proposed algorithms were applied to two benchmark datasets: The Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD) cup 1998 direct mailing campaign dataset and the other from Kaggle, related to direct mailing campaigns. The proposed algorithms proved their effectiveness and superiority when comparing them to each other or the traditional deep Q-learning models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]