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The article explores the emergence of Francophone Caribbean studies in Great Britain and Ireland. It focuses on the first generation of scholars—Richard D.E. Burton, Bridget Jones, Roger Little and others—who were in the vanguard of this opening up of teaching and research in French studies towards the literatures and cultures of the region. The aims of the article are four-fold: (i) to understand these developments biographically, and to consider the professional factors (notably early-career postings to universities outside Europe and early engagement in doctoral research with examples of French literature and culture that spill beyond the Hexagon) that shaped these challenges to the disciplinary status quo; (ii) to situate the emergence of Francophone Caribbean studies in relating to what Christophe Campos dubs a wider "cracking of coherence" in the study of French; (iii) to explore the ways in which historically existing disciplinary infrastructure—taking the example of the journal French Studies—adapted with varying degrees of enthusiasm to these changes; and (iv) to analyse the emergence and consolidation of a new disciplinary infrastructure in the 1970s–1990s—in Caribbean studies and Francophone literature more broadly (e.g., ASCALF, with its annual conference and publications)—to support these developments [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The corpus of contemporary translingual writing in French is varied in terms of both the origins of the authors associated with this burgeoning literary phenomenon and the range of topics that writers address. Studies of this translingual corpus tend to focus nevertheless on a recurrent set of aspects including the fictionalization of language acquisition and the active intertextual engagement of authors with canonical French literature. These emphases often feed into a set of assumptions regarding the translingual author, who is read as seeking integration, through a process of progressive accumulation of linguistic and literary competence, into a long-standing French literary tradition. This article engages with the work of the author of Hungarian origin Katalin Molnár to interrogate and disrupt this model. Molnár's oeuvre shows similarities with that of other translingual writers in that if focuses on processes of language acquisition and provides evidence of intertextual engagement. Drawing on recent scholarship on glottophobie, I demonstrate through the study of Molnár's work the under-explored potential of exophonic writing to contribute to processes not of continuity but of a more disruptive renewal of a French literature that seeks to develop a literary praxis where translingual poetics converge with a critical politics of language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article situates Mémoires d'outre-mer in current debates about lieux de mémoire, and in particular about the ways in which the concept elaborated by Pierre Nora is increasingly scrutinized in the light of its silences relating to colonial memory. Ferrier focuses on realms of memory such as the Mahajanga cemetery around which much of his text is constructed, but also engages directly with one of the subjects of Nora's collection, the school textbook Le Tour de la France par Deux Enfants, in order to open up a discussion of contemporary memory practices in contemporary France. He argues that French memory is often limited to national boundaries, and that any internal diversity is regulated, sanitized, hierarchized, with France's status as a transculturated, "travelling" culture denied in the process. The novel is a creative reaction to this mnemonic tendency, with the work situated at the intersection of the transnational and postcolonial, two concepts that are far from being synonymous but are nevertheless closely related throughout the text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses tattooing and postcolonial critical practice in the modern world and its presentation in Moroccan writer Abdelkebir Khatibi's writing. Topics discussed include Sia Fiegel's novel "They Who Do Not Grieve" (1999) and Lee Tamahori's film "Once Were Warriors" (1994), francophone context across the work of Victor Segalen and Abdelkébir Khatibi, and role of Segalen in Khatibi's formulation of a sustained body of thought on tattooing forms.

An introduction to the journal is presented which discusses topics within the issue including physical mobility as experienced by migrants and refugees, 2015 political crisis of hospitality faced with unprecedented levels of mobility of refugees and migrants, and refugee anthology.

A special issue of French Cultural Studies in 1999 sought to explore the ways in which Modern Linguists have often tended to erase traces of their personal lives from their work. Contributors responded in an autobiographical mode by exploring the ‘hidden selves of scholars and teachers’. This article builds on these reflections by exploring the extent to which Edgar Morin’s Commune en France (1967), his contribution to the multidisciplinary project in Plozévet in Brittany, may be understood as ‘autobiographie involontaire’. The study reads Morin’s Journal de Plozévet (published in 2001, over three decades after the research was completed) in relation to the original monograph and suggests that the diary operates as the second panel of a diptych that reveals the texts’ interdependence. The journal fulfils a ‘genetic’ function, providing the sources for elements of Morin’s monograph and giving an indication of the extent to which Morin drew on the work of his wider team to complement his own observations. More importantly, however, reading the two texts in counterpoint – the one providing spontaneous reflections in the field; the other revealing their processing in the immediate aftermath of the enquête – is part of the revelation of the ‘hidden selves’ of a researcher embedded in a monograph that has been long considered a classic of post-war French sociology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles in the issue on topics including postcolonialism in France, decolonization between 1950s-1960s and difference between postcolonial and 19th century studies.

In Pierre Nora's Lieux de me ´moire project, there are no obvious references to the bagne. The omission is surprising, for this institution has long played a significant role in the French imagination. It persists in the French language in several prominent expressions, and continues to be associated with key national symbols such as the bonnet phrygien. This silencing is associated with representations of the penal colony in popular culture and in heritage practices, both of which tend to associate the bagne with 'dangerous' white French bagnards, failing accordingly to recognize the wider impact of the institution on colonized spaces. The article draws on a corpus of postcolonial representations or discussions of the bagne to propose a new, more enabling way of exploring (and memorializing) this essentially nineteenth-century phenomenon. Analysis of texts by Le ´on-Gontran Damas, Kateb Yacine, Leı ¨la Sebbar, Anouar Benmalek, Mehdi Lallaoui, and Patrick Chamoiseau suggests that this 'postcolonialization' of the penal colony through new forms of creative engagement allows the recognition of transcolonial axes of penal trans- portation, exemplified by the banishment of Kabyle rebels to New Caledonia following their revolt against the impact of French occupation in spring 1871. The article concludes by drawing on recent postcolonial engagement with concepts such as 'legacies' and 'ruins' -- particularly in the work of Ann Laura Stoler and Chamoiseau -- to suggest that alternative narratives, and new critical and aesthetic approaches to the penal colony, have begun to emerge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Those reflecting on what is 'French' about 'French studies' in the early twenty-first century must consider the transformations evident in the disciplinary field over the past century. This article gives an overview of these shifts, but focuses in particular on the increasingly pluralized and diversified objects of study now addressed in explorations of the French-speaking world, as well as on the radical changes in the ways in which those objects are now approached. Central to the analysis is an awareness of a wider Francosphere, which has served to locate France in relation to a wider network of countries and communities, and may be seen to have provincialized, as a result, in a transnational and postcolonial frame, the former colonial centre. The article concludes with a reflection on Mary Louise Pratt's designation of Modern Languages as 'knowing languages and [...] knowing the world through languages' (2002), and - in the context of French studies in the twenty-first century - asks: which languages? which world? and what forms of knowing? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reflects on the significance of translation in Caribbean region. It makes reference to the book "Found in Translation," by Nataly Kelly and Jost Zetzsche; and to the Haitian earthquake to demonstrate importance of translation. It mentions studies which shows that research into languages and cultures support work of non-governmental organizations.

The article explores the place of reparations for slavery in the contemporary politics and culture of France and the French-speaking Caribbean. Considerable attention has recently been paid to the recent decision of CARICOM leaders to set up a reparations commission, but similar questions relating to slavery and its (financial) afterlives have also been raised (and remain equally unresolved) in the Francophone world. In a press conference in Dakar in October 2012, François Hollande answered questions about the subject: "La réparation", he claimed, "elle n'est pas que morale, elle est aussi de savoir ce que nous voulons faire ensemble." (Weider, Thomas. "Couacs entre l'Elysée et Matignon sur les traites négrières." Le Monde. 14 October 2012). In the wake of these comments, legal action was launched in France by the group CRAN (Conseil représentatif des associations noires) against the Caisse des dépôts, itself accused of profiting from compensation paid by Haiti to the French state from 1825 onwards. The article draws on speeches by Sarkozy and Hollande as well as recent publications by the CRAN in order to locate reparations for slavery within the wider geopolitical, historical, and memorial context of the Francosphere. In conclusion, it will analyse one of the few cultural artefacts to address the question of reparations for slavery, the controversial 2011 comedy Case départ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the recent international growth of interest in Haiti, there has been an increased focus on the ways in which the narratives and impact of the Haitian Revolution have travelled beyond their historical and geographical points of origin. Researchers have explored the ways in which the Revolution has been actively “used” or instrumentalized in often very different cultural and ideological niches. This article asks whether interpretations of the Revolution have always been localized, and shaped by the clear national contexts in which they occur, or whether it is possible (and indeed helpful) to evoke a type of transnational or even global iconicity that sees the leader of the Revolution, Toussaint Louverture, adopted as a cipher for the wider understandings of Haiti in a global frame. Underlying this analysis is a comparison—often made but rarely scrutinized—between Louverture and Che Guevara. The article concludes with a consideration of the ways in which the status of Toussaint as a revolutionary icon in a global frame has acquired renewed intensity in recent years, but has arguably at the same time taken a new turn, as the focused implications of this iconicity for anti-colonial struggle and postcolonial reflection have lost their specificity and risked being diluted into generality. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses a research concerning the effect of dark tourism and slavery in several thanatouristic destinations including Caribbean, West Africa, and France. It highlights the historical and contemporary enslavement as well as radical transformation in education, legislation and historiography to various destinations. It also emphasizes that practice of dark tourism involves trips to Victorian cemetery and churchyard and witness public executions.

The article explores the 'significant missed rendezvous' and posthumous critical dialogue between Victor Segalen (1878-1919) and Édouard Glissant (1928-2011). It studies the ways in which the Martinican novelist, poet and theorist identified Segalen as a catalytic presence in his thought and as one of his privileged, lifelong interlocutors. The study tracks the role of Segalen's work in the steady emergence and elaboration of Glissant's thought, but also analyses the place of Glissant's readings in the progressive reassessment of Segalen's own writings (and particularly in their recent recontextualization in a postcolonial frame). The article contributes to reflections on the formation of communities of thought in which intellectuals from different moments and different ideological niches - in this case colonial and postcolonial - are drawn into dialogue in ways that appear achronological. Segalen and Glissant are presented as part of a wider community of French-language writers, linked with 'relational' ties, whose engagements with questions of contact and cultural diversity overlap, intersect and ultimately interact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including the role in postcolonial criticism in the specific context of Caribbean literature, Francophone Caribbeanists, and the Antillean- Haitian dynamic.

The article examines the representation of Haiti in the works of Martinican author Édouard Glissant. The relationship between Haiti and Martinique based on Glissant's essay "Le Discours antillais" is tackled. Glissant's focus on the revolution and independence of Haiti and his conception of the island's role in the reorientation of the Caribbean are discussed. Other works by Glissant include poetic collection "Les Indes" and the play "Monsieur Toussaint."

The article explores the international and intercultural connections of U.S. and Haiti during the U.S. occupation and World War II. The author reflects on the Haitian Revolution in the book of C. L. R. James' book "The Black Jacobins" which embodies a renewed interwar engagement and a model for popular revolution and unity. Furthermore, he relates on the political and cultural development of Haiti in the play of William Dubios titled "Haiti."

An essay on the intellectual, literary, and political activity of French poet and author Edouardo Glissant is presented. The author provides a discussion on the politics and world literature during the life time of Glissant. He argues that contribution of Glissant in the "Pour une littérature voyageuse" manifesto is in its accompanying "Pour une liteérature-monde" which lacks sociology of literature to which the world literature in French is based.

What—in the context of the francophone world—is the relationship between social memories and official memory, between the memories of former colonisers and those of the former colonised? What are the links between literary and cultural manifestations of memory and the actually existing memories that these take as their objects of study? The aim of the article is to situate Didier Daeninckx's New Caledonia 'cycle' within the context of current debates surrounding colonial memory in France. Daeninckx focuses on the existence of competing memories, and explores the ways in which often divergent, even contradictory accounts may be read together contrapuntally, permitting the elaboration of what Ricœur dubs a 'récit partagé'. Cannibale and Le Retour d'Ataï suggest that such memories are situated in multiple locations, in the islands of Melanesia as well as in France itself. This article accordingly explores, in the frame of contemporary memory debates, the relationships between France and the wider francophone world of former colonies and overseas territories. Foregrounding key questions relating to the articulation of links between culture and empire in metropolitan France, it suggests the need for identification of more complex spaces and models in the light of which globalised postcolonial formations may be studied and understood. Quels sont—dans le contexte du monde francophone—les rapports entre la mémoire individuelle et la mémoire officielle, entre la mémoire des anciens colonisateurs et celle des anciens colonisés? Quels sont les rapports entre les manifestations littéraires ou culturelles de la mémoire et les souvenirs réels qui servent d'objet à de telles représentations? L'objectif de cet article, c'est de situer le 'cycle' kanak de Didier Daeninckx dans le contexte des débats actuels autour de la mémoire coloniale en France. Daeninckx se fixe sur la concurrence des traditions mémorielles, et explore la façon dont des histoires souvent divergentes et même contradictoires se prêtent à une lecture en contrepoint, ce qui permet l'élaboration d'une forme de ce que Ricœur appelle le 'récit partagé'. Selon des textes tels que Cannibale et Le Retour d'Ataï , il faut situer la mémoire coloniale dans des lieux multiples, en Mélanésie ainsi qu'en France elle-même. L'article explore de cette façon les rapports entre la France et le monde francophone des anciennes colonies et des possessions actuelles d'outre-mer. Il met en relief des questions-clé pour ceux qui s'intéressent aux rapports entre la culture et l'empire dans la France contemporaine, et avance la nécessité d'établir des espaces et des modèles plus complexes—espaces et modèles à la lumière desquels on peut étudier et comprendre des phénomènes mémoriels qui sont en même temps transnationaux et postcoloniaux. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the author's views on the aspects of the manifesto in "Pour Une Litterature-Monde En Francais" ( A World Literature in French) that were identified by writer Mary Ann Caws. It explores the relationship between the content and the three additional aspects including self-sufficiency, emphasis on newness, and self-positioning. The author suggests that the publication of the manifesto should employ self-sufficiency and originality in its context.

Although discussions of the French intellectual often address engagement with anti-colonialism and the decolonisation process more generally, most notably in relation to the Algerian War of Independence, critical attention is rarely directed at the existence of a wider yet related intellectual culture that may connect the disparate parts of the French-speaking world. This article explores the rise of the postcolonial intellectual in this politico-cultural and linguistic space, and asks whether such a figure may be seen as part of a coherent tradition. Foregrounding the interdependency and regular overlap of 'French' and 'Francophone' intellectual cultures, the study creates connections between thinkers in metropolitan France and its former colonies, placed here in a dialectical, conjunctive rather than in a binary, disjunctive relationship. The article explores three case studies - those of Victor Segalen (central to the work of such key postcolonial thinkers as Edouard Glissant and Abdelkebir Khatibi), Leopold Sedar Senghor and Frantz Fanon - in order to underline the complex genealogies of the emergent tradition it identifies. It concludes with a consideration of the definitive role of the postcolonial intellectual in debates regarding the legacy of colonialism in contemporary France. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the ways in which discussion of the departmentalized French Caribbean must take into account the wider history of the region, and in particular historical links between the former ‘ vieilles colonies’, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Haiti. Studying the historical and ideological background to the departmentalization law of 1946, it suggests that Haiti serves as an inspiration for the structures on which it depends, but reveals at the same time the difficult relationship between equality and alterity it attempts to forge in the context of French Republicanism. The starting point is Glissant's observation, in Monsieur Toussaint, that the revolutionary leader risks being relegated to ‘public silence’; the article claims, however, that the presence of the Haitian revolution remains spectral. Central to the study is Césaire, both as author and politician, and the place of Haiti in his thought and work. Exploring a range of texts, including parliamentary speeches, material written for the centenary of the abolition of slavery (1948), and, most significantly, a 1960 essay on Toussaint Louverture, the article suggests that Haiti and its revolution played a key role in Césaire's initial championing of departmentalization as well as in his subsequent analysis of limitations of the 1946 law. L'article explore la façon dont l'étude de la départementalisation aux Antilles françaises doit rendre compte de l'histoire de la région en général, et surtout des liens historiques entre les anciennes ‘vieilles colonies’, Guadeloupe, Martinique et Haiti. En étudiant le fonds historique et idéologique de la loi de la départementalisation de 1946, nous suggérons d'un côté que Haïti sert d'inspiration aux structures constitutionnelles dont dépend cette législation, mais de l'autre que le pays révèle les rapports difficiles entre égalité et altérité qu'essaie de réaliser cette loi dans le cadre du républicanisme français. Le point de départ, c'est l'observation de Glissant dans Monsieur Toussaint que le leader de la révolution risque d'être relégué au ‘silence public’; l'article prétend, pourtant, que la présence de la Révolution haïtienne reste spectrale: Aimé Césaire – en tant qu'écrivain aussi bien qu'homme politique – joue un rôle central dans cette étude, qui met en relief le lieu de Haïti dans l'évolution de la pensée et de l'œuvre césariennes. Explorant une variété de textes – dont les discours à l'assemblée nationale, des matériaux produits dans le contexte du centenaire de l'abolition de l'esclavage en 1948 et, le plus important, l'essai sur Toussaint Louverture de 1960 – nous expliquons que Haïti et sa révolution font partie intégrante du soutien initial que portait Césaire à la départementalisation ainsi que de l'analyse subséquente qu'il propose des limitations de ces structures transatlantiques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores references to Haiti during the anniversary of the abolition of the slave trade in Great Britain. The article suggests there is a connection between increased mass media attention for Haiti and academic research interest in Haiti. Other topics include Haitian migrants, academic conferences, and postcolonial history.

A literary criticism of the books "All Souls' Rising," "Master of the Crossroads," and "The Stone That the Builder Refused," by Madison Smartt Bell is presented. It explores the characterization of Toussaint Louverature, a revolutionary figure who is involved in the Haitian Revolution, in light of other Haitian literature and the history of Haiti during the time of the revolution. It also discusses Toussaint as a mythological figure.

Until recent years and with several notable exceptions, there appears to have been relatively little interest in Haiti among scholars in the field of francophone studies. The article takes this apparent absence as its starting point, and explores the possible ramifications of a renewed attention to Haitian history and culture for studies of francophone postcoloniality. Central to the discussion is a series of French and British representations of the Haitian revolutionary leader Toussaint Louverture, dating from around the time of their subject's death in 1803, that have received only rare critical attention. The article suggests that any study of a ‘postcolonial’ Toussaint, evident in the work of authors such as Aimé Césaire, Bernard Dadié, René Depestre, Edouard Glissant and Jean Métellus, should take these earlier representations into account in order to elaborate a more complex account of francophone history and culture. The conclusion develops this reflection on the association of the colonial and postcolonial by suggesting the ways in which a renewed awareness of the implications of the Haitian Revolution might impact on postcolonial analyses of France itself. A quelques exceptions près, les chercheurs dans le domaine des études francophones se sont relativement peu intéressés jusqu'à une époque récente à Haïti. Adoptant cette absence d'attention en guise de point de départ, cet article met en relief les implications possibles pour l'étude du ‘fait postcolonial’ francophone d'un renouveau d'intérêt dans la littérature et la culture haïtiennes. L'étude est centrée sur une série de représentations françaises et britanniques du leader de la révolution à Saint-Domingue, Toussaint Louverture – représentations qui datent de l'époque de la mort de leur sujet en 1803, mais qui n'ont que rarement attiré une attention critique. Selon l'article, toute étude d'un Toussaint ‘postcolonial’ – chez des auteurs tels que Aimé Césaire, Bernard Dadié, René Depestre, Edouard Glissant et Jean Métellus – doit se rendre compte des représentations antérieures afin d'esquisser une version plus complexe des histoires et des cultures de l'espace francophone. Cette réflexion sur les rapports qui relient le colonial au post-colonial se développe dans la conclusion de l'article, où l'on démontre l'impact considérable de la révolution haïtienne sur une analyse postcoloniale de la France elle-même. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses various reports published within the issue, including one by Martyn Cornick on colonization in the period following World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution and another by Kate Marsh on French receptions of political leader Mahamta Gandhi.

Connections are rarely established between Roland Barthes and Nicolas Bouvier, writers whom recent commentators on post-war French-language travel literature (such as Michel Le Bris) have routinely situated in diametric opposition to each other. In an often overlooked detail of L'Empire des signes, however, a concrete link exists, for Bouvier provided a number of the photographs to which Barthes's text responds. The article will take this (albeit loose) association as the starting point of a contrastive consideration of the two authors' divergent engagements with Chinese and Japanese cultures in the 1960s and early 1970s. Barthes and Bouvier use their contact with the cultures of post-war China and Japan to explore the (im)possibilities of intercultural dialogue and to foreground challenges to the identity of the Western traveller when faced with a radically different set of cultural codes. Drawing on a range of texts (Barthes's L'Empire des signes, Journal de voyage en Chine and Alors la Chine?; Bouvier's Chronique japonaise, Le Vide et le Plein and Xian), the article will explore the contexts of the two authors' differing engagements with China and Japan, and underline the convergences and divergences present in their respective approaches to and textualizations of the cultures through which they travel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the structural organization of several French literature. The theme of "Les Carnets de Shérazade," by Leïa Sebbar dealt with modern travel and migration. Sebbar considered her observations of various languages in France. The style of authorship showed both fictional and documentary themes. In the modern British tradition of French studies, the coherence of literature organization was argued by Christophe Campos and examined the use of grammatical structure in the texts.

Focuses on the revisions of postcolonial thought. Interpretation of exoticism on anglophone postcolonialism; Contrast with the positive senses of the term in francophone postcolonialism; Resistance to cultural globalization; Impossibility of clear separation 'bad' exoticism and 'good' diversity.

Presents a narrative on the trial of Maurice Papon in France. Precedence of the trial; Progress of the cross-examination; Impact of the Algerean War on the case.

Discusses the contribution of the peripatetic to modes of travel in French travel literature. Culmination of the Romantic belief that philosophical reflection had found its ideal occasion in the walk; Suggestion that it is in the differing rhythms and practices of walking that issues relating to contemporary travel can be addressed and explored.

This article tests the hypothesis that all pandemics are inherently translational. We argue that translation and translation theory can be fruitfully used to understand and manage epidemics, as they help us explore concepts of infectivity and immunity in terms of cultural and biological resistance. After examining the linkage between translation and coronavirus disease from three different yet interlinked perspectives—cultural, medical, and biocultural—we make a case for a translational medical humanities framework for tackling the multifactorial crisis brought about by the SARS-CoV-2 infection. This innovative entanglement of perspectives has the merit of carving out a new space for translation research at the intersection of the sciences and the humanities, providing sustainable ways to conceptualize the production of science at times of crisis, and challenging conventional views of translation as a primarily linguistic and cultural phenomenon that traditionally does not engage with science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzes the sociology of Edgar Morin, focusing on Morin's study of the Breton, France commune of Plozevet, and the film he worked on with Jean Rouch. Identification of the film; What the two projects share; Why Morin's collaboration on the film was both frustrating and illuminating for him; Morin's intention in studying Plozevet.

Focuses on Victor Segalen and his writings on museology. Sense of stage-management and exhibition as framework of Segalen's museology; Ambivalent attitude towards museums; Museum and representations of the exotic; Segalen as a museum visitor and a museologist; Reaction to American and late-19th century museum.

An introduction to the articles focusing on French author and novelist Michaël Ferrier discussed within the issue is presented, including Ferrier situating himself in relation to the work of predecessors, influence of music and drawing on Ferrier's writing and biography of Ferrier's paternal grandfather.