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Three new cyathane diterpenoids, cyathin W (1), cyathin V (2), and cyathin T (3), were isolated from the solid culture ofCyathus africanus. The structures and configurations of these new compounds were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic analysis including 1D NMR, 2D NMR (HSQC, HMBC, NOESY), and HR-ESI-MS experiments. Compounds1and3showed moderate inhibition against nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccaride-activated macrophages with IC50value of 80.07 and 88.87 μM, respectively. In cytotoxicity assay, compound1showed weak cytotoxicity against K562 cell line with IC50value of 12.1 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the bioactive components responsible for the the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity detected in the EtOAc extract of the mushroom Hydnellum concrescens . Two new p -terphenyl derivatives, concrescenins A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ), in along with six known compounds thelephantins L ( 3 ), I ( 4 ), J ( 5 ), K ( 6 ), dihydroauran-tiacin dibenzoate ( 7 ), and curtisian A ( 8 ) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of H. concrescens . Their chemical structures were elucidated by NMR experiments. Compounds 1 – 4 and 6 – 8 showed the inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with the IC 50 of 0.99, 3.11, 4.53, 18.77, 2.98, 5.16, and 8.34 μM, respectively. Kinetic analysis of α-glucosidase indicated that compounds 1 and 2 inhibited the activity of α-glucosidase in a noncompetitive fashion with a Ki value of 0.02 and 0.21 μM, respectively. In antioxidant evaluation, compounds 1 and 4 showed weak DPPH scavenging activity (EC 50 = 82.50 and 161.75 μM) and weak reducing ability (EC 50 = 193.57 and 152.94 μM). The current research supports the potential use of mushroom-derived p -terphenyl derivatives for the treatment of diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the capacity of CO2 storage in coal bed and the displacement of methane CH4 in coal by CO2 injection, an experiment about the CO2 adsorption and coalbed methane ( CBM) replacement in coal under given pressure was carried out with coal specimens of large size (100 mm x100 mm x 200 mm) from the No. 3 coal seam, Qinshui Basin, China. Based on the experiment, the CO2 storage capacity difference between coal containing CH4 and coal without CH4 was contrastively analyzed. The experimental results demonstrate that, the storage of CO2 in the coal specimen can amount to 11. 03 L under the in-situ stress condition of the coal bed and injection pressure of 0. 5 MPa. CO2 permeability through the coal decreases with the increase of its adsorption amount during the experiment duration of 180 min. When the CO2 injection pressure increases to 1. 0 MPa from 0. 5 MPa under the same confining stresses, the CO2 storage amount in the coal increases by 93. 00%, the storage rate increases by 13. 50% and the amount of CH4 desorption increases by 18. 13%. It is found that the amount of CH4 desorption is larger than CO2 adsorption in the initial experimental stage. After that, the amount of CH4 desorption tends to be stable but far less than CO2 adsorption amount. Under the similar experimental condition, the CO2 storage capacity in coal containing CH4 is 59. 29% more than that of coal without CH4 and the storage rate in coal containing CH, increases by 12. 51% compared that in coal without CH4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten new ergosteroids [e.g. (I) to (IV)] are isolated and their cytotoxicity is tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new experimental equipment MCQ-II for supercritical CO2-ECBM recovery test with large size specimen was designed. The equipment can measure the specimen swelling during the supercritical CO2-ECBM recovery test. With the equipment, series of experiments for supercritical CO2 seepage and CH4 recovery with supercritical CO2 displacement were carried out. It is found that, under the conditions of 50 °C and constant volumetric stress, supercritical CO2 permeability is positively related to the infiltrating pressure, while it is negatively related to the confined volumetric stress. It turns out that supercritical CO2 permeability in the coal is higher than CO2 in general condition. The rise of volumetric stress and pore pressure will increase the supercritical CO2 adsorption. Under 48 MPa and 60 MPa volumetric stress, 10. 82 to 17. 52 and 16. 12 to 20. 40 units of carbon dioxide can be stored in per unit of coal, respectively. During the process of CH4 adsorption, CO2 adsorption and CH4 displacement by CO2, coal swelling volumetric percentage is recorded. In the experiment of CH4 displacement by supercritical CO2, more CH4 and CO2 were injected to specimen No. 1 (weakly caking coal) than specimen No. 2 (coking coal),but the replacement ratio of carbon dioxide to methane and the CO2 storage rate are almost equal, 4.01/4.16, 20.05%/20.09% Respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new 2H-pyranones and two new isocoumarin derivatives, maculanslines A-D (1–4), together with seven known compounds (5–11), were isolated from the plant pathogenic fungus Leptosphaena maculans. Their planar structures and absolute configuration were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic techniques including high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrum, 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance, as well as electronic circular dichroism. All 11 compounds were tested for their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. Compound 1 showed moderate inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with IC50 of 74.35 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nine new sesquiterpenoids, clitocybulol derivatives, clitocybulols G–O ( 1–9 ) and three known sesquiterpenoids, clitocybulols C–E ( 10 − 12 ), were isolated from the solid culture of the edible fungus Pleurotus cystidiosus . The structures of compounds 1–12 were determined by spectroscopic methods. The absolute configurations of compounds 1–9 were assigned via the circular dichroism (CD) data analysis. Compounds 1 , 6 and 10 showed moderate inhibitory activity against protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) with IC 50 values of 49.5, 38.1 and 36.0 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Twonew heterodimeric sesquiterpenes, sterhirsutins A (1)and B (2), and two new sesquiterpenes, hirsutic acidsD–E (3and 4), were identified fromthe culture of Stereum hirsutum. The absolute configurationsin 1and 2were confirmed by single-crystalX-ray diffraction experiments and electronic circular dichroism (ECD)calculations. Compounds 1and 2are likelybiosynthesized from a hirsutane-type sesquiterpene and α-humuleneby a hetero-Diels–Alder cycloaddition. Compounds 1–4showed cytotoxicity against K562 and HCT116cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four new ambuic acid derivatives (1-4), and four known derivatives (5-8), were isolated from the solid culture of a plant pathogenic fungus Pestalotiopsis neglecta. Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR experiments. The absolute configuration of the C-16 secondary alcohol in 1 was deduced via the CD data of the in situ formed [Rh2(OCOCF3)4] complex with the acetonide derivative of 1. The absolute configuration in 3 was assigned by comparison of the experimental and simulated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum. The NMR data of compound 5 was reported for the first time. In the nitric oxide (NO) inhibition assay, compounds 4, 6 and 7 showed inhibitory activity against the NO production in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage with IC50 values of 88.66, 11.20, and 20.80 µM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coicenals A–C (1–3) possessing a previously undescribed 10-(sec-butyl)-6-hydroxy-1,7,9-trimethyl-1,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-1,4-methanobenzo[d]oxepin-2(4H)-ylidene)acetaldehyde skeleton and coicenal D (4) with a new 2-(sec-butyl)-5-hydroxy-1,6,8-trimethyl-2,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-1H-4a,1-(epoxymethano)naphthalen-10-ylidene)acetaldehyde skeleton were isolated from the solid culture of the plant pathogenic fungus Bipolaris coicis. The absolute configurations in 1and 4were assigned by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1and 2were transformed into 4and 5by treatment with acetyl chloride, respectively. Compounds 1–4showed moderate inhibitory activity against NO release with IC50values of 16.34 ± 1.12, 23.55 ± 1.37, 10.82 ± 0.83, and 54.20 ± 2.82 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eryngiolide A (1), the first member of C20 diterpenoids with the skeleton deriving from a cyclododecane core fused with two γ-lactone units, was isolated from the solid culture of the edible mushroom Pleurotus eryngii. The structure of 1was elucidated by extensive analysis of NMR spectra. Compound 1exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against two human cancer lines in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The two new sterhirsutins A (I) and B (II), as well as the new hirsutic acids D (III) and E (IV) are isolated from Stereum hirsutum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents chemical formulae related to the syntheses of coicenals derivatives from A-D, diterpenoids, from the plant pathogenic fungus Bipolaris coicis published in the "Organic Letters" in 2013.