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Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a common and serious neurological condition that is highly fatal but so far no early diagnostic markers are available. Myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that could lead to IS by inducing autophagy and apoptosis in neuronal cells. However, there has been no report on the link between susceptibility to IS and the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MIAT. This study aimed to investigate the association between MIAT gene polymorphisms and IS risk. Methods: A total of 320 IS patients and 310 age-, sex- and race-matched controls were included in this study. Four polymorphisms (rs2157598, rs5761664, rs1894720, and rs9625066) were genotyped by using SNPscan technique. Results: Among the 4 polymorphisms of MIAT, only rs9625066 was associated with IS risk (CA vs. CC: adjusted OR = 0.55, 95% CI, 0.37–0.85, P = 0.006; AA vs. CC: adjusted OR = 0.39, 95% CI, 0.16–0.94, P = 0.036; (AA + CA vs. CC: adjusted OR = 0.53, 95% CI, 0.35–0.80, P = 0.002; A vs. C adjusted OR = 0.59, 95% CI, 0.42–0.82, P = 0.002). Haplotype analysis showed a 1.32-fold increase (95% CI, 1.05–1.67, P = 0.017) in IS risk for rs2157598-rs5761664-rs1894720-rs9625066 (A-C-G-C). Logistic regression analysis identified some independent impact factors for IS including rs9625066 AA/AC, TC, TG, HDL-C (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The rs9625066 polymorphism of MIAT might be associated with IS susceptibility in Chinese population, in which AA/CA plays a protective role in IS, whereas the CC genotype increases the risk of developing IS, suggesting it might be a marker predictive of IS risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Protein oxidation during food processing causes changes in the balance of protein–molecular interactions and protein–water interactions, ultimately leading to protein denaturation, which results in the loss of a range of functional properties. Therefore, how to control the oxidative modification of proteins during processing has been the focus of research. RESULTS: In the present study, the intrinsic fluorescence value of the myofibrillar proteins (MP) decreased and the surface hydrophobicity value increased, indicating that the heat treatment caused a significant change in the conformation of the MP. With an increase in heating temperature, protein carbonyl content increased, total sulfhydryl content decreased, and protein secondary structure changed from α‐helix to β‐sheet, indicating that protein oxidation and aggregation occurred. Sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that heat treatment can lead to the degradation of proteins, especially myosin heavy chain, although actin had a certain thermal stability. In total, 733 proteins were identified by proteomics, and the protein oxidation caused by low temperature vacuum heating (LTVH) was determined to be mild oxidation dominated by malondialdehyde and 4‐hydroxynonenal by oxidation site division. CONCLUSION: The present study has revealed the effect of LTVH treatment on the protein oxidation modification behavior of sturgeon meat, and explored the effect mechanism of LTVH treatment on the processing quality of sturgeon meat from the perspective of protein oxidation. The results may provide a theoretical basis for the precise processing of aquatic products. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aimed at the problem of synchronizing duplication in mobile database, this paper introduced the technology of multi-agent and transaction result set into synchronizing duplication of transaction level, and provided the model of synchronizing duplication in mobile database based on the technology of multi-agent. It compared with the existing models, this model had the following characteristics:a) improving the scalability of system; b) reducing the usage of mobile devices and network resources; c) proposing a series of synchronization strategy aiming at the harsh network environment. Experimental results demonstrate the excellent performance of the model and the availability in harsh network environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The micro-morphology of nutlets in 30 taxa (28 species and 2 varieties) of Microula Benth. (Boraginaceae) was surveyed by light and scanning electron microscopy. A principal coordinate-based ordination analysis (PCO) (8 morphological and 14 micro-morphological characters) was applied to explore whether taxa clustered according to the current sectional taxonomy. The nutlet epidermis showed three major features: trichomes, papillae and lamellae. Two basic trichome types could be identified: branched and unbranched. Stellate trichomes (STT) and stipitate stellate trichomes (SST) can be considered as two subtypes of branched trichomes based on shape and branching location. Three kinds of unbranched trichomes were recognized by their shapes: slender trichomes (SLT), spear-like trichomes (SPT) and conical trichomes (CT). Four types of papillae were revealed in this genus: central apiculate papillae (CAP), debris-covered convex papillae (DCP), rugous papillae (RP) and tabular papillae (TP). The lamellae was classified in five types: glossy lamellae (GL), thread-like lamellae (TL), rugous lamellae (RL), interrupted lamellae (IL) and debris-covered lamellae (DCL). The variation in the nature of surface sculpturing, nutlet shape and size, dorsal aperture shape, and attachment scar positions proved useful diagnostic characters. Taxa belonging to the same section generally clustered together in the PCO analysis. A key based on the morphology and micro-morphology of nutlets is provided to distinguish the sections of Microula. The presence of SLT, STT, DCP and DCL is consistent with the macro-morphological classification and provides additional evidence for the subgeneric delimitations. The SST, SLT, CAP, DCP, RP, DCL, GL and RL are useful in discriminating species in Microula. Additionally, the distribution of some trichomes, papillae and lamellae types is correlated with the altitudinal distribution of the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three zinc(II) halide complexes ZnL2X2 (X=Cl, Br, I; L=4-methoxylbenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone) have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The complexes exhibit powder SHG efficiency approximately ten times higher than that of urea. The molecular hyperpolarizabilities are calculated to be −2.6×10−30 esu for the free ligand L, and −4.6×10−30, −6.2×10−30, −10.1×10−30 esu for the three zinc complexes, respectively. The former two complexes crystallize in the noncentrosymmetric space group Aba2, whilst ZnL2I2 crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group P21/c and does not exhibit any SHG efficiency. The zinc(II) atom in these complexes is tetrahedrally coordinated by two neutral sulfur atoms from the corresponding thiosemicarbazones and two halide anions. The relationships between the molecular structures and nonlinear optical properties were studied based on theoretical calculation and experimental determination methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this study, the effects of the thermal ultrasonic enzyme inactivation process on flavor enhancement in sea cucumber hydrolysates (SCHs) and its impact on the inactivation of neutral proteases (NPs) were investigated. The body wall of the sea cucumber was enzymatically hydrolyzed with NPs. On the one hand, the structure of NPs subjected to different enzyme inactivation methods was analyzed using ζ-potential, particle size, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. On the other hand, the microstructure and flavor changes of SCHs were examined through scanning electron microscopy, E -nose, and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). The results indicated that thermal ultrasound treatment at 60 °C could greatly affect the structure of NPs, thereby achieving enzyme inactivation. Furthermore, this treatment generated more pleasant flavor compounds, such as pentanal and (E)-2-nonenal. Hence, thermal ultrasound treatment could serve as an alternative process to traditional heat inactivation of enzymes for improving the flavor of SCHs. • Thermal ultrasonic inactivation was comparable to traditional inactivation. • Ultrasound requires heat treatment assistance to inactivate enzyme. • Thermal ultrasound caused structural changes in neutral protease. • Thermal ultrasonic inactivation improved flavor of sea cucumber hydrolysates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the modified sturgeon myofibrillar protein was prepared by the combination of malondialdehyde and ultrasonic induction and used as the emulsifier to form a stable high internal phase Pickering emulsion (HIPPEs) with internal phase up to 75%. The results showed that combined modification reduced the fluorescence intensity, enhanced the surface hydrophobicity, changed the secondary structure, and made the protein particles smooth. The confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed the formation of a stable HIPPEs. The interfacial tension and rheological properties of protein stabilized HIPPEs were improved by the combined modification and the encapsulation efficiency of quercetin reached 89.32%. In vitro digestion showed that the combined modified protein-stabilized HIPPEs significantly improved the rate of lipid digestion and the bioavailability of quercetin while reducing the degradation of quercetin. The findings indicated that the utilization of modified sturgeon myofibrillar protein to stabilize HIPPEs hold significant promise for various biological applications, owing to its capacity as a carrier for the regulated discharge of bioactive agents. [Display omitted] • Combined induction of malondialdehyde and ultrasound enhanced the emulsifying properties of protein. • The modified myofibrillar protein was used as the stabilizer for the HIPPEs. • The modified protein increased the interfacial tension and rheological properties of HIPPEs. • Encapsulation led to ameliorative stability and the bioaccessibility of quercetin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MnHg(SeCN)4 has a three-dimensional network in which slightly distorted MnN4 and HgSe4 tetra­hedra (symmetry ) are connected by –SeCN– bridges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve efficiency flaws of TLS protocol such as frequent interaction times and high computation overload, through the analysis and research on the protocol, this paper proposed a new ECC-based protocol in which RSA was substituted by ECC. It improved the new protocol performance. Through cache handshake parameters, the number of shake hands interaction was less. It used SVO logic to analyze ECC-based protocol, and the result shows that it is secure. The simulation experiment and comparison with original protocol show that with the increased level of security, the new ECC-based protocol is more predominant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Phytochemical studies on the aerial parts of Dracocephalum rupestre led to the isolation of four groups of flavonoidal alkaloids, dracocephins A–D. They were elucidated as conjugates of flavanone with pyrrolidin-2-one on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. The two stereogenic centers rendered each group of the dracocephins as two pairs of enantiomers simultaneously. All of the sixteen isomers were separated successfully by chiral HPLC and their stereochemical features were determined by their CD data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of one stereoisomer. The additive relation of the chiroptical contributions resulting from the two stereogenic centers was generalized. The CD contribution of the chiral carbon in the pyrrolidin-2-one ring was proposed by subtraction of their respective contributions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A new copper complex of dmit, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bis(2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolato)-copper([C16H33(CH3)3N][Cu(dmit)2], abbreviated as CTCU, C16H33(CH3)3N = hexadecyltrimethylammonium, dmit = 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolate) has been synthesized and its structure determined by X-ray diffraction. The saturable absorption of CTCU at 1053 nm shows promise as a Q-switch dye in the near IR regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From Peucedanum praeruptorum, one new khellactone ester (3′ R )- O -acetyl-(4′ S )- O -angeloylkhellactone ( 3 ), as well as four known angular dihydropyranocoumarins ( 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 ) have been isolated. On the basis of NMR spectra and X-ray crystallography, their structures were determined. We have elucidated their absolute configuration by either chiral separation of their alkaline hydrolysis products with Rp-18 HPLC eluted with 5% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (β-HCD) or by measurement of their CD spectra. A general rule relating the position and absolute stereochemistry of the khellactone esters to the sign of their Cotton effects in CD curves is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A complex with a three-dimensional structure {[Na 3 Co(pyz) 3 (H 2 O) 4 (ClO 4 ) 2 ]} n (pyz = pyrazine-2-carboxylate anion) has been synthesized and its crystal structure determined by X-ray crystallography. The complex crystallizes in a triclinic system with a space group P ī and a = 8.598(11), b = 11.382(15), c = 14.496(19) Å, α = 87.79(2), β = 88.21(2), γ = 82.08(2)°. The Co(II) ion is located in a distorted octahedral environment with three oxygen atoms and three nitrogen atoms, from the three pyr ligands. Na(1) ion is coordinated by four oxygen atoms and two nitrogen atoms, in which O(1), O(2), O(2A), N(4A) and N(6A) come from ligand pyr while O(15) comes from H 2 O. Na(2) and Na(3) ions are each coordinated by six oxygen atoms. Through coordination of the bridging ligand pyr with Co(II) and Na(I) a three-dimensional net structure is formed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on field investigations as well as morphological and molecular systematic studies we found a new species of Bothriospermum which can be easily distinguished from all other known congeneric species by its unlobed faucal appendages and very long styles. We conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses based on a combined dataset from nrITS, plastid rps16, trnL‐trnF and trnG‐trnS regions. The results indicated that the new species indeed belongs in Bothriospermum and that it is well separated from other congeneric clusters, but that the genus Bothriospermum is paraphyletic with Nihon and Thyrocarpus clusetered within it. As a result, Bothriospermum longistylum sp. nov. is described and illustrated here. A revised key to species of Bothriospermum and a distributional map are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We develop a nonlinear beam propagation method for signal generation in inhomogeneous medium for wide-field nonlinear wave mixing microscope. Experimental results performed in wide-field coherent anti-Stokes Raman imaging have shown good agreement with the developed theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual machine security issues have been the focus of attention. The permissions of traditional management domain DomO are too large, so that the user's privacy is threatened. At the same time, once the attacker compromises DomO, it can threaten all the users. This paper presented a separate privilege virtual machine security model based on mutual trust (MTSP). It split DomO's privileges into three parts: the device driver, forming the isolated driver domain; the operations of the user's privacy, forming a DomU management domain; remaining forming Thin DomO. It achieved the startup of the system by the VMM and user together restricting each other. Combined with the model, the prototype system was implemented and security analysis and performance testing were done. It can protect the users' privacy, apportion the risk and isolate fault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

7′-Hydroxyriccardin C ( 1) and marchantin E ( 2), two macrocyclic bisbibenzyls with a stereogenic center at the ethylene bridge from Chinese liverworts, were investigated stereochemically. Compound 1 was found to be optically active and occurred as a pair of dynamically interchangeable atropisomers at room temperature due to the low barrier of rotation around the biaryl bond, while 2 was a racemic mixture, which was successfully resolved by chiral HPLC into two enantiomers. Their absolute configurations were unequivocally assigned by analysis of temperature-dependent NMR spectra, X-ray crystallographic diffraction, and comparison of experimental and calculated ECD data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A new BEDT-TTF-based radical salt, β-(BEDT-TTF)(HSO4) [BEDT-TTF=bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene], has been synthesized by oxidative electrocrystallization. The crystal structure was determined by four-circle X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to monoclinic system, C2/c space group with the unit cell parameters of: a =1.5996(2)nm, b =1.06173(10)nm, c =1.15083(11)nm, β =120.534(8)°, V =1.6834(3)nm3, and R =0.0611. In the title crystal, the BEDT-TTF radicals are stacked to form columns along the [101] axis and the molecular planes of BEDT-TTFs in adjacent columns are parallel to each other. The inter-stack side-by-side S…S short contacts along the b-axis help to form a kind of cationic conducting sheet parallel to (101) plane. The room temperature conductivity at certain direction on (101) plane of β-(BEDT-TTF)(HSO4) single crystal was measured to be 11.7Scm−1. From 100K to 290K, the resistivity–temperature curve demonstrates its typical semiconductivity with an excitation energy of 0.26eV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Four undescribed labdane diterpenoids, 1,2-dehydro-3,7-dioxo-manoyl oxide (1), 1,2-dehydro-7β-hydroxy-3-oxo-manoyl oxide (2), 3,7-dioxo-manoyl oxide (3), and 3β-hydroxy-7-oxo-manoyl oxide (4) together with three known diterpenoids (5–7) and four highly methoxylated bibenzyls (8–11) were isolated from the liverwort Frullania inouei. The absolute structures of 1–4 were established by combined analysis of NMR data, CD data coupled with TDDFT CD calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurement. Cytotoxicity tests to human tumor KB, KB/VCR, K562 or K562/A02 cells showed bibenzyls 8–11 inhibited cell proliferation with ID50 values ranging from 11.3 to 49.6μM and overcame the multidrug resistance (MDR) with the reversal fold (RF) values ranging from 3.19 to 10.91 (5μM) for vincristine-resistant KB/VCR and RF values from 4.40 to 8.26 (5μM) for adriamycin-resistant K562/A02 cells, respectively. However, none of the diterpenoids were found to be active (ID50 >50μM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A new molecular conductor (n-Bu4N)[Ni(dmit)2]4·MeCN (dmit=2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolato) has been synthesized and its X-ray structure has been determined. The crystal exhibits conductivity 0.1Ω−1 cm−1 at room temperature and a semi-conducting behavior with small activation energy of 0.170eV (at 295K) and 0.065eV (at 95K). The coordination anions are arranged in a parallel fashion in the crystal forming two-dimensional networks, in which the face-to-face π–π longitudinal intermolecular interactions are stronger than the side-by-side S⋯S transverse interactions. The anionic stacks along the b-direction exhibit a type of tetrad structure. Infrared spectra suggest that the tetrad {4[Ni(dmit)2]}− may consist of one mono-anion [Ni(dmit)2]− and three neutral [Ni(dmit)2] units. The bond analysis further suggests that the single electron in the HOMO of [Ni(dmit)2]− can delocalize to its two neighboring [Ni(dmit)2] molecules to some extent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Two novel compounds, 2,5-bis(9-hydroxyfluoren-9-yl)-[2,2′] bithiophene (BHFBT) and 2,5-bis(9-hydroxyfluoren-9-yl)-[2,2′:5′,2″] trithiophene (BHFTT) consisting of thiophene rings and two fluorenyl groups have been synthesized and characterized. The crystal structures were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction method. The compound BHFBT maintained guest-free crystal structure, but BHFTT only obtained crystal structure with inclusion of guest molecules. The two fluorenyl groups were situated at opposite sides for BHFBT while at the same side for BHFTT. Consequently, the two C–OH bonds directed to the same side to each other for BHFBT but directed to opposite sides for BHFTT. Red shift of their optical absorption and emission spectra has also been observed with the increasing number of thiophene rings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Structures and nonlinear optical properties of dimethylcroconate (DMCC) and dibenzoylcroconate (DBCC) are reported. The SHG active DMCC crystal packed in non-centrosymmetric P212121 space group. The DBCC crystal has a host–guest structure and crystallized in centrosymmetric P21/n space group. In DBCC crystal, the host DBCC molecules build channels along the b direction with the guest benzene molecules trapped in the channels. DSC, XRD, SHG and structural studies reveal that these benzene molecules can be removed at 90°C, accompanying the loss of the centro-symmetry and resulting in the SHG active new crystalline phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Two donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) type 2,2′: 6′,2″-terpyridyl-based organic heterocyclic molecules have been efficiently synthesized via solvent-free Wittig reactions in good yields. One crystal structure of them was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction determination. The two compounds exhibit sensitive single-photon-excited fluorescence (SPEF) emission with high fluorescence quantum yields and long lifetimes. The two-photon-excited fluorescence (TPEF), two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-sections and two-photon initiation polymerization (TPIP) microfabrication experiments have been investigated. Experimental results confirm that they are effective organic two-photon photopolymerization initiators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A second-order non-linear optical organic crystal, which is made up of Λ-shaped π-conjugated molecule named as 2-methyl-4,6-di(p-N,N-dimethylaminostyryl)-s-triazine (abbreviated to DASTA) with its two branches attaching to a s-triazine ring, has been synthesized. This crystal has been determined to be in non-centrosymmetric polar P21 space group. It exhibits a powder SHG intensity of 46.2 times that of urea under 1064nm fundamental pecosecond laser pulses. The one-branched analogue, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(p-N,N-dimethylaminostyryl)-s-triazine, has also been synthesized. However, it crystallizes into centrosymmetric space group and is SHG inactive. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A conjugated and symmetric multi-branched compound, 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(4-pyridylvinyl)benzene (TKPVB), has been synthesized and the crystal structures of TKPVB and its intermediate, 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(dimethoxyphosphorylmethyl)benzene, were determined by diffraction method. TKPVB with four units of 4-vinylpyridine moieties attached to the central benzene core presents an A-π-A general framework, where A is a π-deficient pyridine ring. The single-photon and two-photon absorption and fluorescence properties in different solvents of varying polarity have been investigated. It is also found that the one- and two-photon-induced fluorescence spectra are quite similar, which indicate that the one- and two-photon allowed-excited states are the same. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Several donor-π-donor (D-π-D), acceptor-π-acceptor (A-π-A), and donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) types of organic compounds with fluorene as π bridge and dimesitylboryl group as electron acceptor, which show strong two-photon excited blue fluorescence, have been synthesized and structurally investigated. The symmetric A-π-A type of compound exhibits the shortest wavelength of two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) at λem=405 nm under the excitation of λex=730 nm; the unsymmetric D-π-A type of compound with diphenylamino as donor exhibits the most intense TPEF at blue region (λem=484 nm) with a two-photon absorption cross-section of 425 GM under λex=800 nm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A new molecular conductor (PyMe)[Ni(dmit)2]2 (PyMe = N-methylpyridinium, dmit = 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolato) has been synthesized and its structure been determined. The temperature-dependent conductivities in the range of 290–20 K reveal a semi-conducting behavior of the crystal with a small activation energy of 0.067 eV and a quite high room temperature conductivity of 2 S cm−1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) caused by ischemic stroke treatments leads to brain injury, and autophagy plays a role in the pathology. Astragaloside IV is a potential neuroprotectant, but its underlying mechanism on cerebral I/R injury needs to be explored. The objective of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of Astragaloside IV against cerebral I/R injury. Methods: Middle cerebral artery occlusion method (MCAO) and oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) method were used to simulate cerebral I/R injury in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and HT22 cells, respectively. The neurological score, 2,3,5-Triphe-nyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and transmission electron microscope were used to detect cerebral damage in SD rats. Cell viability and cytotoxicity assay were tested in vitro. Fluorescent staining and flow cytometry were applied to detect the level of apoptosis. Western blotting was conducted to examine the expression of proteins associated with autophagy. Results: This study found that Astragaloside IV could decrease the neurological score, reduce the infarct volume in the brain, and alleviate cerebral I/R injury in MCAO rats. Astragaloside IV promoted cell viability and balanced Bcl-2 and Bax expression in vitro, reduced the rate of apoptosis, decreased the expression of P62, and increased the expression of LC3II/LC3I in HT22 cells after OGD/R. Conclusions: These data suggested that Astragaloside IV plays a neuroprotective role by down-regulating apoptosis by promoting the degree of autophagy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]