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Subang Regency is designated as a pineapple commodity area due to the presence of natural resources, supporting facilities, and infrastructure. Pineapple harvest waste in the form of pineapple leaves is used by a local SME, Alfiber, as textile raw materials, such as yarn and cloth. However, there are still short fibre residues that cannot be utilized in the process. Through training activities for Alfiber members and the people of Cijambe Sub-district, Subang District, West Java, the ITB community service team provided an alternative solution for utilizing the short fibres of pineapple leaves by processing them into paper. This community service activity uses a qualitative approach consisting of four stages: the initial stage, preparation, activities, and results. The initial stage is preliminary research. The preparation stage and activities are participatory and educative and involve the ITB community service team, Alfiber, and the people of the Cijambe Sub-district. The results of the training activities prove that short fibres can be processed into paper using simple equipment and paper-making techniques such as moulding techniques. After participating in the activity, the participants succeeded in following the activity material and could make pineapple fibre paper independently. Even though it requires improvement in terms of quality, the paper can be produced into other products using paper as the primary material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accumulation of fly ash in large quantities will cause problems for the environment, such as air and water pollution and a decrease in the quality of ecosystems containing Ni, V, As, Be, Cd, Ba, Cr, Cu, Mo, Zn, Pb, Se and Ra which can affect groundwater quality and human health. This study aims to analyze the impact of waste generated from the Pulp and Paper on the environment around the industry. The data obtained is in the form of primary data from the results of the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test and direct observation in the field to identify environmental conditions around the landfill, while TLCP laboratory analysis was carried out to determine the toxic characteristics of TLCP in fly ash from the Pulp and Paper BaseKerinci. The TCLP test results for fly ash the analyzed waste Fly ash produced from the pulp and paper is suitable for use with fly ash class F2+A12O3+Fe2O3 content of 75.19%. Utilization of fly ash can be an effort to reduce the impact of fly ash on environmental pollution. The waste produced by pulp and paper obtains a metal value below the quality standard so that it does not have a negative impact on the surrounding environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The antifungal properties of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) extract on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cepae and Alternaria porri were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Thirty grams of the clove basil sterilized leaves were mashed in a sterile mortar, soaked for 24 hr in 100 mL of 96% ethanol as an extractant. The extract was filtered through sterile Whatman No. 1 filter paper and stored at 4°C for subsequent use. Three different concentrations (5, 10, and 15%) were applied using the poisoned food technique. A 4-mm diameter mycelial disc of each tested fungus was inoculated on each amended agar plate. Daily radial growth was recorded for 7 days. For the in vivo test, two different concentrations (15% and 20%) were used. No spray and mancozeb spraying were used as controls. Seed bulbs of shallots were planted in a 25 cm x 25 cm polybag and allowed to be naturally infected by Alternaria porri. The clove basil leaf extract and mancozeb were sprayed onto the plants once a week, starting when the first symptom of the purple blotch disease appeared. The results showed that clove basil leaf extract had good efficacy in inhibiting F. Oxysporum f. sp. Cepae and A. Porri in vitro, with a growth inhibition up to 55%. The extract can also reduce the disease intensity of purple blotch with an infection rate of 0.029, indicating that it has the potential to be developed as a botanical fungicide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dondai Village, Waibu District, has several potential medicinal plants that can improve the community's economy by creating new products. Service activities through the KKN/Village Wira program aim to assist and counsel the community, especially those who want to become entrepreneurs. The implementation methods are tutorials and discussions, socialization, demonstrations or training, mentoring, evaluation, and monitoring. The results obtained show that there are five products from Dondai, namely betel leaves as aromatherapy candles, putri malu leave as paper soap or betel leaf paper soap, Chinese ketepeng leaves as soap or body wash, lantana leaves as an antiseptic or hand-sanitizer, and miana lotion. As many as 97% of people are interested in making products, and 95% are interested in marketing products. It is hoped that this program can develop creativity, community knowledge, and insight to innovate to improve the standard of living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of binding credit agreements, especially in banking matters, generally uses an authentic deed drawn up by a notary as a perfect means of proof. The provision of credit followed by special guarantees has different characteristics depending on the type of collateral provided by the debtor. Therefore, the role of the Notary is not only limited to the credit agreement but also in the guarantee binding process. The purpose of this legal research is to determine the scope of duties, authorities and the role of a Notary in the implementation of credit agreement followed by a mortgage guarantee in the form of securities. This legal research is normative legal research. The data collection tool used was a literature study with due regard to primary legal materials in the form of laws and regulations and secondary legal materials, namely books, journals and other library materials related to this research. The results of the study show that securities that are used as a collateral for credit may be made with a pawn or fiduciary system depends on the object served by debtor. If the bond binding is carried out with the fiduciary system, the role of the Notary is very important considering that the fiduciary guarantee deed required to be made in the authentic deed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines law enforcement in resolving tax crimes related to invalid (fictitious) tax invoices. Taxes are the main source of revenue for the government, playing an important role in national development. Tax crimes, especially the use of illegal tax invoices, have a negative impact on state revenue and public trust in the tax system. In this paper, legal regulations in line with Law No. 16/2009 concerning General Provisions and Tax Procedures (KUP), as well as legal actions applied in the case of invalid tax invoices are discussed. This analysis includes preventive and repressive efforts carried out by the Directorate General of Taxes to overcome tax crimes. This paper emphasizes the importance of strict law enforcement, strict supervision, and education for taxpayers to prevent future tax violations. It is hoped that this paper can provide insights for academics, legal practitioners, and policymakers in improving the effectiveness of law enforcement in the field of taxation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current era of economic neoliberalization, most countries worldwide have adopted open market economy policies. This shift aims to accrue economic benefits for national development by attracting foreign investment. The investment climate, often referred to as the Investment Climate (IC), plays a crucial role in shaping the decisions of foreign investors. This paper examines the impact of the Fair and Equitable Treatment (FET) clause in Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) on the relationship between host states and investors. The FET clause is integral in protecting investors' legitimate expectations, but its vague interpretation and broad scope can lead to disputes. The paper explores how the FET clause may affect the balance between investor rights and the sovereign rights of host states. Additionally, it delves into the challenges arising from dynamic inconsistency problems and suggests strategies for minimizing conflicts. Case studies involving disputes, such as the Churchill Mining vs. Indonesia case, illustrate the complexities surrounding FET. The paper concludes by proposing measures to clarify and limit the FET clause's application to strike a balance between investor protection and host state sovereignty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contains an analysis of the importance of the involvement of the Constitutional Court in overseeing the process of amending the 1945 Constitution by the MPR so that the results are always in line with the provisions of Article 37 of the 1945 Constitution. Although the law has provided guidelines that the MPR can only make changes to the articles of the constitution as previously proposed, there is a potential for the MPR to ignore these provisions, thus opening up the opportunity for abuse of power that can harm the interests of the people. The proposed solution to correct the MPR's mistakes for violating article 37 of the 1945 Constitution is that the Constitutional Court must overturn the MPR's decision through a judicial review mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While previous studies have investigated the productivity of the better construction (in the forms had better, ’d better and better) in British and US English (USE), to present knowledge, no large‐scale comparisons on the use of this construction in other English dialects have been carried out. The present paper aims to address the existing research gap by exploring the synchronic use and grammaticalization rate of better in 20 world Englishes. The analysis of corpus data reveals that better is more grammaticalized in USE than in British English, and even more in Singapore English (SgE) data, where the construction seems to be more grammaticalized than in any other dialect. The hypothesis of a functional need in SgE for deontic better is tested. It is shown why SgE ‘needs’ alternative deontic constructions in a modal system where (semi‐)modals of necessity have been shown to express higher rates of ‘dynamic’ modality than in other dialects. The substrate reinforcement from a parallel construction in Mandarin is presented as a potential driving factor justifying the selection of better as a deontic marker in this particular variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the turnover intentions of medical and non-medical personnel at RS XYZ, Bogor Regency, both directly and indirectly through organizational commitment. The approach used is quantitative, involving hypothesis testing. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from all medical and non-medical personnel of RS XYZ, Bogor Regency, via questionnaires. A total of 201 suitable samples were evaluated using PLS-SEM. The study's findings show that Organizational Commitment has a negative impact on Turnover Intentions, Organizational Culture has a negative impact on Organizational Commitment, Organizational Culture has a positive impact on Turnover Intentions, and Organizational Commitment mediates Organizational Culture and Turnover Intentions. The paper highlights many shortcomings and makes recommendations for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender communication is a concept that refers to the different ways of communicating between men and women. This is influenced by the roles and stereotypes attached to each gender in society. One example is the stereotype related to men's role as cooks. In a patriarchal society, men's roles are often connoted with strength and independence, while women's roles are more often identified with cleanliness and domestic help. This stereotype also affects the perception of men as cooks. It is not uncommon for them to be perceived as not having the ability or interest in cooking as it is considered a task better suited for women. However, this role is gradually shifting. More and more men are starting to cook and work as cooks, however, the stereotypes attached are still an issue that needs to be discussed. How do these stereotypes affect gender communication in the context of men's roles as cooks? Thus, this paper will discuss gender communication and stereotypes towards the role of men as cooks. Some of the questions that will be answered include how patriarchal culture and gender affect people's perceptions of men as cooks, how gender communication occurs in the context of men's roles as cooks, what is the impact of stereotypes on gender communication and men's roles in cooking and what factors influence men's roles as cooks. With this discussion, it is hoped that it can provide a deeper understanding of the complexity of gender roles and communication in the context of men's roles as cooks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An elderly person is someone who has reached the age of 60 years and over, men or women who have decreased ability to adapt and are unable to meet their own daily needs. The elderly have the potential to experience anemia due to changes in the characteristics of the elderly, comorbidities, decreased nutritional absorption. Anemia is a condition where the levels of hemoglobin (Hb) or red blood cells (erythrocytes) decrease. Hemoglobin acts as a transporter of oxygen (O2) from the lungs throughout the body and exchanges it with carbohydrate dioxide (CO2) from the tissues to be excreted through the lungs. Iron (Fe) is needed in hemopoesis (blood formation), namely in the synthesis of hemoglobin. This study aims to look at the relationship between iron (serum iron) and hemoglobin levels as a potential for iron deficiency anemia in the elderly in Taman District, District. Sidoarjo. This scientific paper research uses primary data, descriptive analytical observational methods. The number of respondents was 25 people. This research uses the Pearson correlation test to see the level of relationship between SI and Hb. Conclusion: The results of the study show that there is a strong relationship between SI and Hb with p=0.000 and r=0.649. The average hemoglobin level was 10.52 g/dl with normal results of 12% and low results of 88%. The average serum iron value was 91.68 µg/dl with normal results of 92% and low 8%. Elderly people with low hemoglobin levels do not necessarily have low serum iron. Low Hb values without being influenced by a decrease in SI can be caused by deficiencies of other nutrients and chronic diseases (inflammation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tuberculosis (TB) is widely known as a highly contagious infectious disease in the world. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a common global health problem, causing many people to become infected each year. Indonesia occupies the second largest contributor to death from this disease worldwide, after HIV-AIDS. Every year, TB claims the lives of 1.5 million people worldwide. Currently, India is ranked second globally in terms of the number of people affected by tuberculosis, after India itself. This information comes from a 2020 report published by WHO. The global incidence of tuberculosis in 2020 amounted to 10 million cases and resulted in 1.2 million deaths globally. In 2020, Indonesia reported a total of 824,000 cases which was further exacerbated by the start of the Covid-19 virus pandemic. Garlic is a plant that has various biological properties, including antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and cardiovascular effects. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of garlic extract (Allium sativum) in inhibiting the proliferation of Mycobacterium tuberculosa. Researchers conducted a literature search using Google Scholar, NCBI, and sciencedirect.com using the keywords Mycobacterium tuberculosa, garlic, and Allium sativum. Furthermore, a total of six papers that met the predetermined inclusion criteria were examined. Garlic, a recognized antimicrobial agent, was used in the study to combat Mycobacterium tuberculosa. Garlic is known for its inherent antimicrobial properties. Allicin is a bioactive compound found in garlic that exhibits antibacterial properties. Allicin, a chemical found in garlic (Allium sativum Linn), has antibacterial properties that can effectively inhibit tuberculosis-causing germs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to obtain an analysis of Indonesia's partnership with Pacific countries and the prospect of Papua becoming a Hub or liaison between Indonesia and Pacific countries. Indonesia's national interest may also make Papua one of the strategic locations to become a gateway in the cooperation scheme that will be built within the framework of the Pacific Elevation introduced by Indonesia in 2019 in New Zealand for Indonesian overseas politics to Pacific countries. From here the concept of "Pacific elevation" can simply be interpreted as Indonesia's ongoing efforts to improve and further strengthen friendships and partnerships with its various partners in the Pacific region. This research uses a qualitative research method in which it finds data based on secondary data through literature and literature studies of both print and electronic media including data via the internet. The data collected is then processed using data triangulation analysis techniques, namely collecting, verifying and finding the truth in the data to be presented. The output of this research is the importance of Indonesia building partnership relationships with south Pacific countries in order to achieve Indonesia's national goals so that harmonious relations are built in the region and economic, social and cultural activities, especially Melanesian culture, can be well established with these countries. On the ot her hand, this new era of Indonesia's partnership with the Pacific allows Papua to become a gateway for economic, social and cultural activities with South Pacific countries so that the spirit of Pacific Elevation is expected to minimize issues related to an independent Papua that will disrupt Indonesia's domestic stability and also in the international environment or international forums. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted pathogen and is the main cause of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in Indonesia. One of the prevention measures used to tackle this disease is using HPV Vaccine. Previous studies have shown that HPV vaccine acceptance is influenced by lack of knowledge regarding the vaccine, high cost, and contradicting local beliefs and faiths. The aim of this study is to identify the factors influencing HPV vaccine acceptance in ASEAN countries. Three databases were searched for qualitative and quantitative studies published up to August 2023. Papers were included if they were in English or Indonesian, available in full text, and had a focus on knowledge, cost, beliefs, acceptance of the HPV vaccine. Among 23 studies, most mentioned factors regarding HPV vaccination acceptance are knowledge, cost, and beliefs. Despite being frequently discussed, knowledge doesn't always represent vaccine acceptance rate. There are no contradictions found regarding cost as a factor within those studies. Vaccination cost is the main factor that influences HPV vaccine acceptance. Though a common factor, knowledge may not always represent HPV vaccine acceptance. Other factors such as beliefs also contribute to HPV vaccine's acceptance in ASEAN countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background : Indonesia is one of the countries that is prone to earthquakes, especially tectonic earthquakes, because of its geographical location between three large plates. As an Indonesian society, studying natural phenomena from an early age is very important. Therefore, the involvement of educated young people is needed to minimize the impact of earthquakes. Stacked (Stacko for Education) is present as a learning medium for earthquake disaster preparedness based on card games derived from paper waste. The Uno card comes from recycled paper. After that, paper is used to print cards containing questions about earthquake disaster preparedness. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze programs, program implementation, elaborate on internalization and contribution, leadership impact, program evaluation and supporting and inhibiting factors of kiai pesantren efforts in internalizing the independence attitude of students. Method: The approach chosen in this study is a qualitative approach with analytical descriptive methods. Results: : shows that: First, the kiai leadership program consists of learning programs, training programs and practice in the field. Second, the implementation of the program is carried out by providing exemplary attitudes, providing motivation, and instilling positive behaviors, especially in the individuals of students. Third, internalization and contribution of kiai leadership by adhering to the values of honesty through, candid and objective speech impacts the attitudes and behaviors of saritri to be honest not manipulative, especially in entrepreneurship. Fourth, the impact is the growth of the spirit of independence of students through the management process of pesantren education to foster and realize the independence attitude and entrepreneurial skills of students. Fifth, program evaluation is carried out through non-attitude scale tests. Sixth, Inhibiting factors, there is a public view that pesantren are not to give birth to entrepreneurs but to produce scholars, the lack of resources (human and natural), equipment, raw materials and capital / finance pesantren, lack of partnership institutions and business capital pesantren. And the supporting factors, there are: support of facilities and infrastructure; support from kiai and ustadz for their students to become independent students; through education and training; The learning process from the pesantren experience that began with direct practical activities in the field students also wanted to follow in the footsteps of the founder kiai. Conclusion: Pesantren as an education provider has advantages compared to other educational institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Since the economic reforms in 1978, multinational companies have begun to arrive, invest, and operate in China. This was because China had low wages, huge markets, and loose government policies. China is often associated with a negative perception as a center for cheap labor and low-quality products. The MiC 2025 agenda aims to change that negative perception. Besides, this agenda also plans to catch up with China's high-tech in the global market. This paper uses the neo-mercantilism theory, assuming that the Chinese government's initiation to accumulate state wealth by protecting the domestic market and supporting foreign investment. Through MiC 2025, the government plans to strengthen China's dominance in the global market. Purpose: This paper aims to describe the influence of the MiC 2025 agenda on multinational companies (MNCs) in China. Methods: This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Results: The results show that MNCs receive both opportunities and challenges from the realization of the MiC 2025 agenda, which the author divides into 4 major subchapters, namely 1) economic competition, 2) collaboration and technology transfer, 3) robotization of labor, and 4) tariff war with the United States. Conclusion: MNCs need to adapt and restructure amidst the MiC 2025 agenda initiated by the government to operate optimally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Indonesia is one of the countries that is prone to earthquakes, especially tectonic earthquakes, because of its geographical location between three large plates. As an Indonesian society, studying natural phenomena from an early age is very important. Therefore, the involvement of educated young people is needed to minimize the impact of earthquakes. Stacked (Stacko for Education) is present as a learning medium for earthquake disaster preparedness based on card games derived from paper waste. The Uno card comes from recycled paper. After that, paper is used to print cards containing questions about earthquake disaster preparedness. Purpose: Know the steps to make educational game cards from paper waste Method: The 4D research and development model is divided into 4 main stages, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. Results: The reults of the study obtained characteristics of paper waste used for good playing cards and can be used systematically. Paper waste that is reprocessed into cards has the potential to reduce the amount of paper waste. Conclusion: Making cards from paper waste can be done through a paper printer quickly and can produce a lot of paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this study was to investigate the complex relationship between HRM (Human Resources Management) practices, organizational engagement, and employee retention using mediation analysis. The sampling procedure used a purposive sampling design to select a total of 82 skilled employees at a mining contractor company. Mediation analysis uses the PROCESS Hayes macro. The results show that several HRM practices in the form of compensation, and training and development have an influence on employee retention through mediation of organizational engagement. This research was conducted in the coal mining industry in Indonesia and the analysis is based on data that cannot be generalized across various sectors and the wider international environment. The results provide useful information for human resource practitioners. Analysis of HRM Practices and Organizational Engagement yields detailed retention information for practitioners, enabling them to target the right employees with the right strategies. This study expands the literature by empirically adding evidence that the relationship of HRM Practices mediated by Organizational Engagement to Employee Retention in the mining industry coal in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The art of films has become part of human entertainment since several centuries ago, starting from traditional methods such as oral fairy tales, literature, theater, and other visual arts. In this modern era, film entertainment can not only be made with real-world actors and settings, but can be made digitally through computers. From 2D animation to 3D animation, motion capture is the next step over conventional 3D animation, but the complicated procedure and cost of the equipment needed to get started with motion capture discourages many amateur animators and cinematographers. Pedro Nogueira said in his paper on Motion Capture Fundamentals, motion capture has various advantages over traditional computer animation such as a faster process, ease of capturing complex. movements and physical interactions between objects. However, this method has disadvantages such as specific hardware and software that must be used and higher manufacturing costs. Based on these problems, the authors propose a system and procedure, where the motion capture approach can be carried out effectively, efficiently, and at low costs. This study utilizes several components such as the Raspberry Pi and ultrasonic sensors as extension modules, as well as the Blender3D platform which will produce animated videos that utilize motion capture using the point tracking method from one camera. Raspberry Pi is used because the integrated WiFi module can communicate with the telegram server which finally, with the help of ultrasonic sensors, can provide camera altitude information that is sent to users via the Telegram application with the help of the telegram bot. This information will be used by the user as a reference to ensure that the camera in 3D space in the animation becomes more accurate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the dynamics of the role of intelligence in the reform era in relation to democracy and human rights. Intelligence reform places intelligence more ideally attuned to reform values. However, intelligence practices in the reform era were not as perfect as imagined. In this paper, there are intelligence opportunities and challenges in the future, as part of intelligence development efforts. This paper uses the theory of democratic intelligence owned by Uri Bar-Joseph. The conclusion of this paper is that intelligence as a tool of state security institutions can also have a great opportunity to promote democratic values if law enforcement is really implemented. However, these efforts are not as easy as turning the palm of the hand, because intelligence is still facing challenges that have not been resolved to date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information system security is very important because in today's digital era, people increasingly rely on information technology and store sensitive data digitally. This paper involves a search in various literature sources, including papers/journals related to information system security. A total of 100 relevant papers/journals published between 2019 and 2023 were identified and screened. The main findings are commonly discussed challenges in information security include data leakage, unstructured data storage that causes data to be easily lost, lack of attention to the importance of security within the scope of information systems, and lack of solutions that provide real-time monitoring. And best practices to minimize the occurrence of problems in information system security include using more sophisticated firewalls, developing existing applications, conducting regular information system security audits. A systematic literature review provides an up-to-date overview of current information systems security research and identifies key topics for future research. These findings can help people assess their security posture and strategy in today's digital age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The South China Sea dispute has emerged as a complex and highly contentious issue with significant implications for regional stability. From a realist perspective, these disputes reflect power struggles and influence among claimant states, driven by their desire to secure strategic interests in the region. Neighboring countries, recognizing the impact of China's rise as a great power, have responded by boosting their military capabilities and forming alliances to counterbalance China's growing influence. However, analyzing South China Sea disputes through a realist lens provides valuable insights into power struggles, vested interests, and security issues underlying the conflict. Through a critical review of territorial claims, legal frameworks, and the historical context of disputes, this paper provides a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted nature of such disputes. In addition, the report explores the geopolitical implications and involvement of major powers in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of online loan applications provides a new practical and unsecured option in accounts receivable agreements, allowing many people to use this service. However, the thing that stands out in online loans is related to the behavior of collection officers from fintech P2P Lending companies by not applying ethics and consumer protection principles such as billing cases on the AdaKami application that commit terror, intimidation and threats so that they are detrimental to consumers as users of the application. The purpose of this study is to determine the application of a billing code of ethics that guarantees legal certainty in fintech P2P Lending and legal protection for victims who experience losses for the occurrence of the collection in question. This research uses normative juridical law research methods with a statutory approach (statute approach), analytical approach (analytical approach), and case approach (case approach). The main data collection is carried out by looking at several literatures, undergraduate scientific papers, and laws and regulations to obtain secondary data. The results showed that the application of the billing code of ethics in fintech P2P Lending is still not optimal due to the lack of legal regulations that can adequately protect consumers from actions taken by fintech P2P Lending. Better regulation and legal coordination between relevant parties are needed to enforce the law and protect consumer rights from violations committed by fintech P2P lending companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism village as a tourism destination is a proven way out for improving society’s welfare as well as a sustainable tourism destination. This paper aims for demonstrating initial effort in a community in order to build tourism village, in accordance to the sustainable tourism development. This literature study shows that tourism awareness group called Pokdarwis has succeeded in building strong relationship in community to realize the vision of improving welfare of village community. This success is shown from the establishment of nine business units (BUMdes) and the increasing welfare of community with the opening of new positions in tourism sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of mobile broadband services and digital services has an impact on the need for a larger frequency spectrum so that anticipation is needed in frequency spectrum management so that frequency use can be optimal. Smart and efficient use of spectrum is essential to advance improved communication and digital development and to maximize the contribution of digital development to economic growth, but government decisions also have implications for industrial, economic and social development. High frequency spectrum prices in the long run will have an impact on the low performance of the telecommunications industry and will have implications for the small contribution of GDP growth in the telecommunications sector. The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of valuation policies on the sustainability of the telecommunications industry and optimization of PNBP. The research method used is qualitatively descriptive, secondary data collection techniques are carried out literature studies and documentation. The conclusion of this study is that it is necessary to determine the optimal criteria in the reducing factors in the BHP Radio Frequency policy to have a sustainability impact on the telecommunications industry and still be able to contribute to optimal state revenue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In online loan services, there are many problems regarding disseminating personal data by online loan providers without notifying or asking permission from their customers. Related to this, legal protection for personal data in online loan services and sanctions for violations. The purpose of this paper is to find out legal protection. personal data of online loan customers. The method used is a normative legal method with an approach to facts and legislation. The results of the study show that legal protection and sanctions for violators of personal data in online loans have been stated in the regulation of the financial services authority No. 77/POJK.01/ 2016 concerning information technology-based lending and borrowing services, which is emphasized in article 26 that the organizer is obliged to be responsible for maintaining the confidentiality, integrity and availability of customer personal data and its use must obtain approval from the customer unless otherwise stipulated by the provisions of the law. Sanctions for violations of customer personal data are regulated in Article 47 paragraph (1), namely administrative sanctions in the form of written warnings, fines, obligation to pay certain money, restrictions on business activities and revocation of licenses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shift of social life from local realities towards national and global dimensions adds complexity to the handling of disputes. Although the law seeks to resolve disputes, there are still instances of failures in dispensing justice. In this context, the government has endeavored to improve the substance, structure, and legal culture through medium-term development policies. The research objective of this paper is likely to evaluate and analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of Supreme Court Regulation Number 4 of 2019 concerning the Procedure for Simple Lawsuits in the Kudus District Court. The approach used is sociological juridical or non-doctrinal legal research, involving field observations and studies on the functioning of the law in society. Primary data was obtained through structured interviews with judges, litigants, and legal representatives at the Kudus District Court. Meanwhile, secondary data, as supporting information, was obtained through literature studies covering legislation and relevant court decisions. Data collection methods included field research with participant observation and interviews, as well as literature research. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively to narrow down and limit the data according to the core issues under investigation. This study notes that the Kudus District Court has been implementing simple lawsuits since the enforcement of Supreme Court Regulation Number 2 of 2015, later updated by Supreme Court Regulation Number 4 of 2019. While further evaluation is still needed to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of the Simple Lawsuit implementation, the regulatory changes indicate the government's and judicial institutions' efforts to enhance the quality and efficiency of dispute resolution in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The upland communities described by Hüsken (1998) are contested areas where community members - farmers - are in constant competition with each other. Farmers fight to be the most successful, even at the expense of others. This situation portrays farmers as highly rational beings, far from the common notion of the roamantism of village life, full of solidarity and mutual help. This paper aims to examine the transformation of the rural economy, which in recent times has become based not only on agriculture but also on tourism. We start from the question of whether the transformation of rural livelihoods, with the expansion of the business sector in the village, is able to promote the inclusion and integration of more farmers and, at the same time, to reduce the spirit of competition. A brief look at the field findings shows that the expansion of the business sector in the village does not necessarily create opportunities for excluded farmers to participate in this new business - tourism. This research was conducted using participant observation and interviews in a highland village, Desa Rejo, that is undergoing a transformation from agriculture to tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maglev trains are considered for urban transport and intercity transport systems. On low-medium speed Maglev trains, the operating routine is shorter than that of high-speed trains. Therefore, EMS and LIM technologies are preferred from the point of view of construction costs. However, in high-speed operation, EDS and NGO technologies are preferred for handling, and reliability. In addition, as the development of high temperature superconductors and new types of permanent magnets develop, stronger and more cost-effective magnetic energy will be used for Maglev trains. The authors believe this technology can be utilized not only for railway applications but also aircraft launch systems and spacecraft launch systems. The need for a new and improved transportation system prompted many countries to be interested and seek to develop Maglev railways. However, although Maglev trains have been studied and developed for approximately half a century, few countries have the knowledge and expertise to do so. This review paper attempts to describe the current complete system in detail and summarizes the basic core technologies of Maglev trains from an electrical engineering point of view. The research hopes to be useful for people interested in this to assimilate Maglev train technology including magnetic levitation, propulsion, guidance, and power supply systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Objectives: a) To find out and analyze the Legal Arrangements for Customer Personal Data Protection in banking mobile banking services are still happening to the detriment of customers. b) To find out and analyze the Bank's Responsibility for the Confidentiality of Customer Personal Data in accordance with Law no. 27 of 2022. The method applied in this legal research is the study of normative juridical research methods, which refers to substance research from laws and regulations, books, journals and papers as well as other jurisprudence. However, this research is also based on empirical research where the data is taken from field studies. As a result, the theory of legal protection and legal certainty has a close relationship in legal regulation to the protection of customer personal data in mobile banking services. Legal protection theory emphasizes the importance of protecting human rights, including the right to personal data protection. The right to personal data protection is a human right guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945 (UUD 1945) Article 28G Paragraph (1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of information technology has had a significant impact on the world of investment, with the emergence of online-based stock investment applications. Along with its popularity, legal protection of investors has become very important. This study aims to analyze and evaluate the legal protection mechanism provided to investors on online-based stock investment applications. The method applied in this legal research is the study of normative juridical research methods, which refers to research on substance analysis of laws and regulations, books, journals and papers as well as other jurisprudence. Normative research because research specifications are more made on secondary instructions in the library. The results showed that legal protection for investors in online stock investment applications involves various aspects, ranging from laws and regulations to internal policies of application organizers. Existing regulations, both national and international, provide a legal basis that protects the rights of investors, but there are still some weaknesses in their implementation. Legal uncertainty, information transparency, and the responsibility of application operators are crucial aspects that need to be improved to improve investor protection. Regulatory alignment, the active role of supervisory authorities, and education to investors are also key steps in improving legal protection for investors on online-based stock investment applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of the existence of Article 131, jo, article 163 IS, the Law of Inheritance regulated in the Civil Code applies to Europeans and those who are equal to these Europeans. The impact of enacting population classification rules and laws applicable to each group during the Dutch colonial period. The problem in this paper is how the development of various colours of law (Rechtbedeling) in Indonesia and how the pluralism of inheritance law in Indonesia related to the development of multiple shades of law. The research method used is normative legal research and legal history. The results showed that the division of the Indonesian population based on ethnicity and class emerged during the Dutch colonial occupation. This was enacted for political interests during the Dutch colonial career in Indonesia, namely by issuing rules for classifying the population and the laws that apply to each group based on the provisions of Article 131 jo. Article 163 lS creates Pluralism of Inheritance Law, where European and Chinese groups in Indonesia are regulated in the Civil Code. For indigenous people who are not Muslims, customary inheritance law applies. In contrast, for those who are Muslims, Islamic inheritance law applies, and foreigners other than Chinese use their respective customary inheritance laws. So, the unification of inheritance law is needed to eliminate societal conflicts because the heirs are subject to different inheritance laws. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A storage shelf is a place to store files or medical records. The importance of preparing adequate medical record storage racks, to reduce the accumulation of new medical records, shorten the time of medical record officers in preparing medical records if at any time needed to maintain service quality. Purpose: The purpose of this study is how the need for active medical record storage racks for 2022-2026 at Patria IKKT Hospital. Method: The research method used is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach, in this study describes the need for medical record storage shelves in the archive room at IKKT Patria Hospital. Results: The procedure has been carried out in accordance with the (SPO) Medical Record Storage, for the years 2022 – 2026 requires 41 medical record storage racks, currently only 20 medical record storage racks are available, the drawback is the addition of 21 racks. The space is insufficient for the addition of 21 shelves, currently the available storage space is only 50 m² and has been used 49.82 m², medical record storage space and medical record work unit space are currently still integrated and unlimited. Conclusion: To add conventional paper-based medical records, it is necessary to add one more room with an area of 40.42 m². We recommend that inactive medical record depreciation be done routinely so that there is an active medical record storage rack for new patient medical records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to explore the existence and role of women in Christianity. Through a literature review of relevant sources, this paper finds that women have played important roles in Christianity since its early history, despite facing various forms of discrimination and marginalization. Women have contributed to the development of Christian theology, participated in missionary work, and played important roles in the growth of Christian communities. However, their contributions have often been overlooked and undervalued. This paper argues that recognizing and promoting the participation of women in Christianity is crucial for creating a more inclusive and egalitarian society. The implications of this study include supporting women's participation in church leadership, addressing discrimination and injustice against women in society and church, promoting a better understanding of women's roles in Christianity, and raising awareness of the importance of women's contributions to various areas of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contains optimization to find the most appropriate distribution network configuration by using the Quantum behaved Particle Swarm Optimization method to get the least power loss. this method aims to reduce power losses, increase the voltage profile, as well as determine the optimal point of installation of compensation equipment. Although this method provides a solution close to the optimum result, in solving complex OPF problems, it takes longer to determine its optimum point. This prompted the authors to conduct further studies of the proposed QPSO methods in solving OPF problems so that the resulting solution is efficient, feasible, reliable with the standard deviation allowed by the system. For the test material, two test data were used, namely system model data carried out on the Java Bali interconnection system with IEEE 13 buses with 4 distributed generations and GI BSB data consisting of five suppliers and 1 DG. Network reconfiguration is carried out by remotely adjusting the load brake switch (LBS). Program design is carried out using MATLAB R2014a software. Two algorithms were used in this study, namely the Quantum behaved Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms. The effectiveness of these two algorithms is evaluated based on the quality of the solution and the characteristics of convergence. Simulation results on the Java-Bali 1000 kV Interconnection System show that the solution from QPSO is more effective than PSO in reducing system power loss by 12.10% and can keep the system voltage profile within the limits used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sarcoptes scabiei (Dee Geer) is the mite that causes scabies or mange. The mites live in the skin layers of humans and mammals. Nowadays, S. scabiei is classified according to their hospes and S. scabiei that lives in human is called Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. Controlling and eradicating human scabies, especially at the community level, requires understanding scabies as a pathogen and its interaction with humans. This paper discusses the biology of S. scabiei var. hominis and the interactions between mites and humans as hosts [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discusses collaborative governance in managing mud-affected villages in Sidoarjo Regency. The Sidoarjo mudflow has occurred since 2004 and until now there has been no final decision regarding the arrangement of the affected villages in the three sub-districts namely Porong, Jabon and Tanggulangin. Meanwhile, the community and villages affected by the mud must immediately receive follow-up so that they can carry out their functions properly. This research serves to analyze how the process of village arrangement, supporting factors and inhibiting factors as well as efforts to overcome them. Referring to the collaborative governance model according to Ansel and Gash with a descriptive qualitative research method. The author uses data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that collaborative governance has been carried out in the process of structuring villages affected by the Sidoarjo mudflow quite well covering the initial conditions related to inadequate human resources in terms of quantity and supporting financial resources, institutional design related to institutions that are already good, basic rules that already exist, and transparency that has been carried out, facilitative leadership by stakeholders, and collaborative processes related to face to face dialogue, building trust and understanding between collaboration participants, sharing understanding and mission as well as intermediate outcomes in the form of review papers and draft regional regulations. However, there are still inhibiting factors, namely the initial condition of inadequate human resources in quantity, the process of formulating village arrangements that took too long and the community's understanding that could not be uniformed resulted in obstacles in the process of structuring villages affected by the Sidoarjo mudflow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focused is Training in User Interface Development on the Al-Jihad Foundation Surabaya Website. The purpose of this research is to find out how to design a User Interface at the Al-Jihad Foundation Surabaya and develop a User Interface design related to the addition of features. The problem of this research is whether the user interface design used by the Al Jihad Surabaya Foundation is correct and correct. The method in this study uses a qualitative case study approach. Which is where the data collection technique comes from observation of research objects and direct interviews with staff of the Al-Jihad Foundation Surabaya. The conclusions drawn from this study are the user interface is used to increase comfort and convenience on the website of the Surabaya al-Jihad Foundation, in order to attract users' interest in accessing the Surabaya Al-Jihad Foundation website. Based on the results of the questionnaire, it shows 97% of respondents like the user interface on the new website. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to describe socialization activities regarding region diplomacy as an effort to optimize foreign sources by the Government of Bandung Regency. Region diplomacy by the Government of Bandung Regency is important in an effort to utilize foreign sources for regional needs. However, region diplomacy is still limited so that the Governmentt of Bandung Regency still utilizes local and national resources to achieve its development, so socialization regarding region diplomacy is needed for the Government of Bandung Regency. The method used to achieve this goal is public education through counseling to increase understanding of region diplomacy and consultation to respond to and discuss the needs of Bandung Regency. This activity has opened the Bandung Regency Government's horizons to realize the importance of diplomatic activities in seeking foreign sources and developing domestic sources to optimize regional development. However, it is realized that region diplomacy activities require assessment and development of foreign sources, facilities and tools needed to access foreign sources, capacities and capabilities of stakeholders in diplomacy. This activity succeeded in bringing benefits to stakeholders in the ranks of the Government of Bandung Regency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Garbage is a crucial thing that must be addressed immediately so that the environment is maintained from various pollutions, air pollution, and a solution is needed regarding this matter. Based on SIPSN data (National Waste Management Information System) in 2021, the Garbage Composition Graph, namely Types of Waste, shows that of the nine items (Food Waste, Wood/Twigs/Leaves, Paper/Carton, Plastic, Rubber/Leather, Fabric, Glass, Metals, and Others), the highest percentage is food waste at 29.5%, while the lowest is rubber/leather at 3.4%. Furthermore, judging from the sources of waste divided into seven items (Households, Offices, Traditional Markets, Commercial Centers, Public Facilities, Areas, and Others), the highest and lowest percentages of these seven items are 40.7% respectively sourced from households. Stairs, 3.3% sourced from Others. The problem of waste in cities in Indonesia so far has not achieved optimal results, especially in the management of waste itself. Law No. 18 of 2008 concerning Waste Management, it is stated that waste is the rest of human daily activities or natural processes in the form of solid or semi-solid in the form of organic or inorganic substances that are biodegradable or non-biodegradable which are considered no longer useful and are disposed of into the environment. Utilization of Organic and Inorganic Waste that has utility for the environment and development, is by conducting training, especially for students of SD Negeri 11, Balai-balai Village, West Padang Panjang District, Padang Panjang City, with directions given so that they can manage trash well. Furthermore, the students who have been given knowledge, understanding, and understanding regarding this waste, are directed to make products that are useful and appropriate based on the exercises carried out. Evidently, these students are able to produce their best works, such as bags, baskets, glass drink holders, and so on. In the future, it is hoped that with this program, the use of waste in an appropriate and valuable manner can be carried out by all levels of society, so as to create a clean environment and development that runs as it should. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adsorption refrigeration system is a cooling system that offers several benefits, including being environmentally friendly due to the very small amount of global warming effect given, the lack of potential for ozone depletion, the low energy consumption of its operation, the low heat source used in its operation and good for reducing gas emissions on earth. This paper describes a combined reheating adsorption refrigeration system with three heat exchangers, as well as operating modes. The operation of the adsorption refrigeration system with combined reheating is schematically described with operational modes and diagrams. This adsorption cooling system is made up of three heat exchangers (H), one evaporator, and one condenser. The combination cycle is intended for heat exchanger systems that operate in a reheat cycle (H1 and H2) and a non-reheating cycle (H3). This paper also discusses system cycle time optimization. Research to get the optimum value of cycle time in this system is still rarely done and therefore optimization of cycle time is carried out on the system to get the best performance. The PSO (particle swarm optimization) program is paired with the MATLAB program to simulate the performance of the system under discussion while also enhancing its performance. The goal of this work is to use simulation to determine the optimal system performance versus the overall cycle time, which includes adsorption/desorption time, pre-cooling and pre-heating time as well as mass recovery time. Getting the best value for the entire cycle time is made possible by fusing the simulation of the system's process performance with performance optimization. As a results, the greatest increase in the optimization results' performance value occurs at a heat source temperature of 55°C with a longer time to achieve optimal performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the implementation of the circular economy at the Innovation and Recycling House of the Nusantara Garbage Bank at the Al Ihya Ulumaddin Kesugihan Islamic Boarding School in Cilacap which was carried out by students of the Al Ihya Ulumaddin Kesugihan Islamic Boarding School at Cilacap. This paper uses a qualitative method with a field research approach. This paper emphasizes 5 models of waste management, namely (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Replace, Repair) which are implemented in a circular economy system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of communication technology has brought changes to the media industry, coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic which forced the media to have to limit their space due to new rules. The media industry must reformulate its strategy during the pandemic and maximize digital channels. This paper seeks to examine the digitalization strategy carried out by PT Visi Media Asia Tbk or VIVA Group during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. VIVA Group implements four digital strategies for its company: the launch of online sites, video on demand, and applications, also the use of social media. VIVA Group integrates television channels into the website, as well as reformulates daypart slots on its FTA TV Channels. This digital strategy provides several changes and implications for the viability of VIVA's media industry which is examined through its financial performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Puskesmas is a health facility that organizes public health efforts and first-level individual health efforts that always strive to achieve efficiency and effectiveness of services to the community, so it needs a facility and infrastructure that supports data processing of a website-based information system that is useful for providing information quickly and accurately. The system used at the Pataruman Health Center still uses a manual system using paper as a data processing tool so that in the end various problems arise. Such as the difficulty of controlling information on user data, patient data, patient registration, the process of searching for patient data becomes long and inaccurate due to the accumulation of paper containing data, and because of the perishable nature of paper, it is very possible to lose data. This research uses the waterfall method by using Apache 2.4.34 as a web server, PHP 5.6.38 as a programming language and MySQL 5.0.21 as a database. So the author created a website to support the performance of Pataruman Public Health Center, based on the results of research conducted at Pataruman Public Health Center. This website is designed with a simple display to make it easier for health center staff to use it. It can be concluded that this research has succeeded in creating an information system using the website method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of this paper is on community economic empowerment through social entrepreneurship, as an effort to follow up on the results of a survey mapping of profiles, problems and potentials of Kutamandiri Village, Tanjungsari District, Sumedang Regency. The method used in this paper is a qualitative method, with data collection techniques based on literature studies and field studies. Field studies were carried out through survey mapping of profiles, problems and potentials of Kutamandiri Village, participant observation, design thinking, and organizing community economic empowerment through entrepreneurship with various activities involving the PPM Team, KKN Team, Expert Team (instructors), and the Village Government, BUMDes, Ladies PKK, Karang Taruna and Kutamandiri villagers. Community economic empowerment through social entrepreneurship is carried out with activities that include the socialization of community economic empowerment through social entrepreneurship; coordination, discussion and consultation about superior products; product trials, training on processing of Cilembu sweet potato products and business management, and website socialization / workshop to the village admin (manager of BUMDes). Overall the community economic empowerment activities can be done well, although there are some obstacles. These constraints were overcome by efforts made by the PPM Team and other relevant parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of social media in the development of information systems has become an important and interesting topic in today's digital era. Social media such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and LinkedIn have changed the way people interact, share information and build relationships online. In the context of information system development, social media provides great potential to better understand user preferences and needs. This scientific paper aims to describe the impact and benefits of using social media in the development of information systems. By leveraging the data generated by social media, information systems developers can gather relevant and real-time information about customers, market trends and public perceptions. This social media data provides valuable insights that can be used to design and develop more responsive and relevant information systems. However, the use of social media also involves several threats that need to be addressed. Privacy threats, data security, low data quality, dissemination of inaccurate or negative information, dependence on algorithm changes, and dependence on certain social media platforms are some of the things that information system developers must pay attention to. In conclusion, the use of social media in information system development can provide significant benefits, such as a better understanding of user preferences and personalization of the experience. However, it must be recognized that the use of social media also involves certain risks and challenges. Therefore, information system developers need to implement security measures, update privacy policies, and be careful in managing social media data. With the right approach, information system developers can make good use of the potential of social media and improve the quality of the information systems being developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 booster vaccination is one of the critical strategies to reduce the increase of COVID-19 cases. Refusal of the Indonesian people to the COVID-19 booster vaccination will be a crucial barrier to achieving herd immunity. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the knowledge and attitudes of business owners and workers in the Mulyorejo subdistrict towards the COVID-19 booster vaccination. A cross-sectional study conducted on September 2022 using a validated questionnaire. The data was collected directly using google form and printed paper with a total of thirteen questions for knowledge and ten questions for attitudes. The survey was conducted on respondents in Mulyorejo subdistrict who met the inclusion criterias and agreed to participate in the study. The results show that more than 60% (n=73) participants had a good level of knowledge and 54.9% (n=62) showed positive attitude. This study shows that most respondents which are respondents in Mulyorejo sub-district had good knowledge and positive attitude regarding booster dose vaccination. However, education and health promotion are needed to increase the knowledge and negative attitudes of the other respondents, which are still not optimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. A good library not only has a nice and magnificent building, but also must have a complete and up-to-date collection, be it books, journals or other electronic collections. But all will be meaningless if the users do not know what the library has. For this reason, a good library promotion is needed, so that users know what collections the library has. This paper aims to find out how effective the promotion model is in The Universitas Terbuka library with the concept of distance education. Research methods using descriptive methods that are based on existing data. Results and Discussion From the results it is known that the promotion model at Universitas Terbuka using networks and social media in library promotion is still less effective, although there is a significant increase in numbers, but far from expected. The role of social media, Zoom, playback of eflyer about library services on each streaming service of study programs in the Universitas Terbuka has also not helped much. Conclusions and Suggestions. The Library Promotion Model using Networks and Social Media is still insignificant even though there is an increase in the use of library collections at the Universitas Terbuka, in the future the Universitas Terbuka Library needs to change and develop a new promotion strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine the recriminalization of presidential insults by reviewing the democratic system applied in Indonesia. Since the passage of Bill Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (Law 1/2023), regulations related to insulting the president have become polemics in the community. The public considers that the arrangement of presidential insults is a manifestation of the government's efforts to silence the aspirations and voices of the people in democracy. The research method used is normative law research by conducting qualitative research on legal rules in laws and regulations. This research is descriptive in nature which aims to compile a systematic, factual and accurate description of the facts. This research will describe the state of law that applies in a certain place and a certain legal event that occurs in society. This research uses secondary data consisting of laws and regulations, books, journal articles or scientific magazines, papers, and scholarly opinion literature (doctrine). The results of this study show that the democratic system in Indonesia is also subject to Pancasila as Indonesia's philosophical foundation, so that the element of freedom in democracy cannot be misused as an attempt to humiliate. In addition, the regulation of the criminal act of insulting the president can be in line with the theory of legal objectives presented by Gustav Radbruch, namely fulfilling the elements of justice, certainty, and legal expediency, if applied wisely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]