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For decades, coastal destinations have been facing the need to renew their traditional tourism models, marked by high seasonality and spatial exploitation, the latter justified by the development of accommodation for second homes. The current tourism scenario offers different challenges and opportunities, which can help to modify these tourism models. In this context, the increase in life expectancy and the generalization of the development of healthy lifestyles makes it possible for new tourism models, such as health and wellness tourism, to develop as potential drivers of change. The main objective of this paper is to understand the potential of health and wellness tourism to qualify and diversify coastal tourist destinations, as well as to analyse the recent evolution of coastal tourism and its current problems. Qualitative methods based on the review of related literature, analysis of the content of the plans and the SWOT matrix, as well as the case study of a specific destination are used for this purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the importance of the historical, cultural, naval, industrial, architectural and tourist heritage of the legacy that the Enlightenment left in the city of Cartagena. It was the starting point for the implementation of new port and military functions, and it definitely marked the city. This contrasts with the lack of awareness on the part of the authorities and the citizens regarding the identity of this heritage complex. A serious touristic proposal is needed in order to project it in all its value and potential, which has similar precedents in what has been done in other cities with similar characteristics, such as Cádiz or Ferrol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the first tourists' guidebooks on Spain published between 1840 and 1930. The aim is to highlight the contrast between the socioeconomic vision of the country reflected in the foreign guidebooks aimed at the Anglo-Saxon public, where certain stereotypes maintained a notable weight, and the vision offered by the little-known Spanish guidebooks, aimed at the national tourists, which did give an account of the transformation of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the perception of the residents from a consolidated tourist destination on the economic, sociocultural and environmental impacts of the tourism model, as well as their satisfaction with it. The perception of 372 residents of Andorra is measured, based on the quantitative information obtained in a satisfaction survey. The results show that residents constitute a conscious and critical population aware of the tourism model, main economic sector of the Andorran economy. This information has implications for the management of tourism in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the increasing importance of railways in the global context, either as a means of transport or as a tourist product, this paper aims to provide an alternative to the closure of the Aranjuez-Cuenca-Utiel railway in Spain. From the point of view of sustainable tourism, it is intended to highlight the role of this railway as a backbone of territorial socioeconomic development. The recovery and enhancement of the Portuguese Duero line is presented as an example for the future of the Cuenca's Province railway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes music festivals as a territorial structuring tool as part of a larger reflection on the resilience of territories highly dependent on tourism. The results obtained from our study on the Empordà (Costa Brava), through in-depth interviews and a system of quantitative indicators, confirm that these cultural tourism products function as microclusters, creating and reinforcing stable relationships between local actors. When they become one more product in a multifunctional territory, they can contribute to making destinations and territories more resilient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper evaluates the presence of contents related to the ecological transition and the climate emergency in the Tourism degrees in Andalusia. To this end, the curricula, programs and teaching projects of the subjects were compiled and the competences and contents were analyzed. Finally, global and specific results (by universities or departments) have been obtained. The results show a limited presence of related contents and the absence of emerging concepts about global challenges and new patterns of tourism development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is an eminently visual sector, which encourages destinations to work on generating seductive representations to attract potential visitors. This paper analyses how heritage has been incorporated into the construction of the Andalusian induced image in recent decades, developing a semiotic analysis of the representations projected in the promotional material. Through this, it emerges that this image is the inheritance of the universal identity of the region built during Romanticism, in which the elements of its Arab past prevail. Finally, the study provides that territories that have a consolidated universal image, in which heritage plays a fundamental role, they use it to form their induced image due to its easy international recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the use of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) boom and a new scenario in which urban areas are beyond rural ones in terms of demographic size, new needs emerged, and with them new urban and economic models, such as Smart Cities, Smart Destinations, or Smart Tourism. This paper aims to establish a holistic definition of those concepts, deepening in the smartness model applied to a tourism destination, through a literature review that allows clarifying the beginning, the evolution, and the current situation of those concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to identify the main determinants conditioning supply and demand in health tourism based on systems theory. An empirical analysis of medical tourism, wellness tourism and medical wellness tourism in the Province of Alicante is carried out, applying the aforementioned approach. Methodologically, the work is based on the task to systematize the existing Anglo-German literature on the subject that has not been translated into Spanish. The relevance of this article lies in the novelty of the methodological approach and its application to health tourism as well as its application to a consolidated tourist area, such as the Province of Alicante, where this modality is established and has been working for decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of the Associations of Friends of the Camino de Santiago is virtually unknown in research into the pilgrimage to Santiago. Their function is crucial for understanding the modern-day recovery of the Camino, its international fame and the conservation of many of the unique features along the way. In this paper, based on surveys and interviews, we analyse their current vision of the pilgrimage as well as their relations with public administrations and the Church. Their work, in direct contact with the pilgrims, means that they have a good knowledge of their needs, developing actions to support and guide the wayfarer. However, they are often not taken into account by the institutions that manage the Jacobean itineraries. We conclude by stating that the importance of these associations is fundamental for maintaining the dynamics of the route and that some obstacles must be overcome in order to maintain the central place they occupy in the Jacobean world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the international retirement migration from elderly Europeans into Spain and its influence on expansion of urban sprawl there. Key themes analyzed in this paper include the urban sprawl expansion during the Spanish housing bubble, the size and distribution of the elderly Europeans residents in Spain, and the link between lifestyle migrants and urban sprawl development. This paper considers the reasons for elderly Europeans moving into Spain, which are chiefly related with the weather and lifestyle. It also explores the benefits and drawbacks of these en masse lifestyle migration and the environmental and landscape impacts on Mediterranean Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper goes through a comprehensive literature review in order to properly deal with such an important topic as «the experience». This work examines the experience dimensions, how to analyze them, and how to develop and promote a tourist experience, paying attention to the brand and events as a paradigmatic promotional tool. The main contribution of this paper focus in identifying state of the art about tourist experiences research, and it shows an operative framework to put into practice the tourist experience in a destination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the end of the last century, the development of new trends and tourism consumption models has allowed the proliferation of tourist equipment in Extremadura, exploiting the heritage resources, both natural and cultural. In this paper, supply and demand of tourist sector in Extremadura are analyzed, emphasizing the classification by Tourist Territories of the regional government. For this, economic, social and patrimonial variables are studied through the Multiple Linear Regression statistic (OLS), Principal Components Analysis (PCA)and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It will be seen what Tourist Territories have implemented better strategies intend to reception of visitors, the increase of economic rents and the preservation of the population in rural areas, as well as which ones present deficiencies in their tourist development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Storytelling as strategy to transmit values and identity of a brand has acquired relevance during the last years. However, this concept is already relatively underdeveloped in academic literature on tourism destinations. This paper aims to analyze storytelling potentialities and use in a tourism destination trough traditional stories. Legends of the city of Girona (Spain) have been chosen as a case study. Results demonstrated that legends of the city have the potential to develop a storytelling strategy, but this potential is not used properly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The requirement of a sustainable management of the historical heritage sites demands the design of management control models that contemplate the particularities of those sites, beyond the architectural ones. The goal of this paper is the design of a holistic, contingent and integrator model to be used by the public and/or private managers for the sustainable management. To achieve this, a thorough bibliographic review of the specialized literature has been carried out. This model does not pretend to be universal but rather a point of reference for its adaptation to the particularities of each site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wine tourism is a growing economic activity in Castilla y León. More and more people are interested in knowing the ins and outs of the world of wine, so wine is becoming one of the pillars of rural development in the plains of the Duero. In order to achieve this key role in the territory, this activity has had to adapt to changes in the tastes of consumers and, especially, to faster and more direct new forms of communication. This paper aims to outlook the existing situation in the wineries of Castilla y León in the field of new technologies and, especially, of websites and social networks, two key tools for the development of wine tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to explore the current state of agritourism in Spain by taking a supplyside perspective. Following on from a theoretical-conceptual analysis of agritourism, the presence of this activity within the Spanish legal-administrative framework and the provisions made for it therein are examined, and its territorial distribution within Spain is described. Despite the existence of a tourism framework that is apparently favourable to agritourism, given current trends in tourism demand and Spain's great potential for tourism, the level of development and implementation of agritourism in Spain is not as advanced as that in other European countries. The recognition of agritourism and, consequently, the development of an identity that is distinct from that of other types of tourism have not, as yet, been adequately addressed in Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the Region of Murcia has promoted new tourism models related to heritage and the sea. However, despite the richness of its maritime history and heritage, it has not done so in a complementary manner. The Mar Menor-La Manga area has only boosted the maritime aspect in relation to nautical activities, leaving their heritage relegated to a second place. This paper seeks to vindicate the importance of the Maritime Heritage, History, and Culture associated with this area and to show the opportunities offered by its proper enhancement through a case study: the implementation of an underwater heritage trail in the Phoenician wreck of the "Bajo de la Campana" as part of the "Isla Grosa" Project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is an extended consensus related to the need to improve the qualification of workforce in tourism and hospitality industry. Likewise, the literature suggests the importance of HR practices to improve organizational results. This paper aims to show empiric evidence about the role of recruitment-selection and retention practices on the human capital development and organizational performance in hotel firms. The results show the important role of recruitment-selection practices, particularly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the acceptance of the technologies that make an airport an Smart Airport, by Spanish passengers. In particular, it is verified how the use of self-service technologies in the boarding, obtaining luggage tags and baggage check processes increases the passenger's satisfaction. It also shows that the desire to use new technologies in these processes and the use of video games and biometric passports is related to the age of the passengers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The international expansion of emerging-market multinationals is becoming increasingly important in recent years. This trend is also present in the hotel industry. The aim of this paper is to analyze whether traditional theoretical frameworks are applicable to cross-border investments by Chinese tourism companies or new approaches become necessary. From a multiple case study of three Chinese companies with investments in the Spanish hotel industry, our results indicate that these companies, rather than exploiting their competitive advantages, seek to obtain new sources of advantage. Moreover, instead of following a gradual process, they choose establishment modes that allow them to quickly access these strategic assets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public policies and mass tourism have promoted new urban logic associated with the gentrification process, which includes real estate speculation and the commercialization of public space. For the contextualization of this problem, which implies the relationship between residents, tourists and real estate agents / tourists, was chosen the La Barceloneta neighbourhood, in whose scenario it is observed how the demand of the visitors disagrees with the needs of the residents and how tourism activities affect the daily lives of its citizens. Likewise, this paper evaluates the socio-territorial impacts that cause a greater level of neighbourhood rejection, as well as claims and protests that require the regulation of housing for tourist use (VUT) and the use of public space, which has been achieved, although not entirely, through the approval of the PEUAT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the Catalan tourism sector progress and trend since the first Strategic Plan of Tourism in Catalonia 2005-2010 until the second Strategic Plan of Tourism of Catalonia 2013-2016 with the aim of guiding and making proposals to be included in the next Tourism Strategic Plan. The results show that, despite the second plan has progressed in some aspects with respect to the first; there are several factors that have not been corrected. In this sense, the analysis that we carry out highlights some trends than should be included in future tourism plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we have carried out a diachronic analysis about land uses evolution in Oliva through a mixed method of research, based on photo-interpretation of aerial images (years 1956, 1991, 2015) using GIS techniques, on the one hand, and by means of a comprehensive bibliographic and field work, on the other hand. From this multimethod analysis, urban development and territorial dynamics are studied in a coastal paradigmatic municipality to explain the urbanistic development of the Valencian Mediterranean coast in the last decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will analyze how the four star hotels in Madrid interact with social networks. In particular, it is found that, despite the use of social media is widespread among hotels in the Madrid region, its management for profit through sales or to manage online reputation is not as widespread. It is shown as most of the participating hotels take advantage of social networks as a communication channel but the hotels belonging to chains used widely as social media as a sales channel to generate direct revenues in the hotel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to study the factors that influence in academic performance of students in the subject of Human Resource Management in Tourism Firms from the University of Cádiz. Specifically, we analyze whether the perception on the subject is related to the effort they devote to it, and whether that performance is also related to teaching methodologies. Through an ANOVA analysis, we find that performance is related to the perception but not to the new methodologies introduced following our entry into the EHEA. The results of this study allow us to reflect on the appropriateness of the pedagogical tools we use today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Montañita commune is located in the parish of Manglaralto, Santa Elena province in Ecuador, is a tourist destination of sun and beach, where surfing is considered one of its main attractions. This paper analyzes the profile of foreign tourists visiting Montañita, as well as the motivations that led them to visit the destination and the perception of satisfaction of tourist services offered in this beach town. The data collection was carried out "in situ". The results suggest important evidence about the profile of tourists visiting Montañita, men and women arrive at the destination in different ways from several continents, mostly are singles, whose most valued motivations were enjoying the sun and the beach, followed by resting, which shows that, the beach becomes the biggest tourist attraction of this place. The variables most valued about hotel services satisfaction was the location, and about restaurant services was the quality of food and drinks. The results will assist the tourism service providers to design products and offer services according to demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diversification of the tourist market in Mexico has resulted in a growing number of destinations, some of which have been given special attention by different social agents. This paper proposes a classification of Mexican tourist destinations arranged into ten categories of territorial selectivity. Firstly, we portray the conceptual framework for this research, then we indicate the evolution of the territorial sponsorship of tourism in Mexico; further on, we make clear the methodological path followed and, finally, we explain the fundamentals of each category of tourist destinations found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the context of sustainable and responsible domestic tourism, the aim of this paper is to analyze the role of place attachment, familiarity and place identity in loyalty formation among young residents in an island tourist destination. Loyalty is defined as the intention to visit a destination again or recommend it to others. However, variables related to tourism firms and products traditionally used in tourism loyalty research are not included in this study. Results show that levels of all variables analyzed are high and a causal model is developed that explains loyalty formation exclusively using them. Although discriminatory analysis shows that there are no significant differences in responses from young residents in terms of their sex, island of residence or number of visits made to the destination, but there are some differences shown regarding sex in certain, specific causal relations of the proposed structural model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the past 25 years, it has been applied in Europe's rural areas, and especially in Extremadura, territorial strategies through the LEADER Method in order to enable their economic development. This is by means of implementation of new activities as Rural Tourism is. The objective is to keep the population and slowing emigration processes and aging. In this paper, the evolution of aids to Rural Tourism is studied, as well as its regional implementation with context indicators, such as investments and projects by area and population of Local Action Groups. Moreover, other socioeconomic and demographic variables are studied to verify the success of its initial objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the point of view of tourism, scientific knowledge of the alterations in climate and consequent sector impacts is set up as a key issue for the development of policies for adaptation and mitigation of climate change. However, all this is insufficient unless it is accompanied by the knowledge of public attitudes, beliefs and perceptions of risk showing the different stakeholders. This paper explores, based on a mixed methodology that it includes quantitative and qualitative approach, the perception of risk associated with climate change that present key actors in rural tourism. The proposed approach has allowed knowing how the impacts of climate change, its potential impacts on rural tourism businesses and local adaptation responses developed so far are perceived. Research has also enabled to detect subjective barriers to the adaptation actions that could hinder the fight against the phenomenon. From a geographical point of view, research is focused in Alt Empordà, a Catalan small region located in the northeast of the well-known Costa Brava tourism brand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social networks are a very useful tool for the promotion of services, products and destinations in the tourism sector. Therefore, given the high growth of users of social networks during the last years, the aim of this paper is to analyze the activity of the autonomous communities in social networks. To this end, through the model PRGS (Presence, Response, Generation and Suggestion), we measure the behavior and activity that the tourism brands of 11 Spanish autonomous communities are carrying out in social networks, mainly on Facebook. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last two decades, rural areas have received substantial funding to invest in the tourism sector. Investments have been destined, in many cases, to satisfy the interests of specific municipalities without correctly delimit the tourist destinations and develop a comprehensive plan to create an integrated and competitive tourist destination. This paper analyses, through the tourist destination of Valle de Ricote, how the improvement of the social structure of resident communities (tourist residents, business people, politicians and agents) and their mechanisms of communication, cooperation and consensus, are the fundamental and priority factors for the success of a rural development programme. From the creation of a solid social base, proposes an order of priority of indicators whose future observance ensures the success of a tourist development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to obtain clusters or tourist profiles based on tourist motivations, according to the model of Crompton. Data were collected from a sample of 859 individuals conducting a survey about travel motivations, intention of travelling, search for information, perception of destination image, way of taking decisions, number of trips, duration of stay and visitor expenditure and demographic and socio-economic characteristics. After doing a conglomerate analysis, four tourist profiles have been identified: rational, anthropological, emotional and hedonistic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the authors in this paper is to analyse the online corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication of hospitality companies in Spain by applying a theoretical framework that integrates two major perspectives used in the study of CSR in the tourism industry: sustainable development and stakeholder theories. The findings show that the CSR information communicated in this sector is currently scattered through the reports and websites of the companies analysed. Thus, the authors identify several areas for improvement in the CSR management and communication in the hospitality sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to examine the relevance of the price-quality assessment as an antecedent or subsequent event to tourist satisfaction, as well as their impact on visitor loyalty and the possibility to recommend the destination. It was done through two research models supported with data from land international visitors to Baja California, Mexico. At this destination, besides the importance of satisfaction for competitiveness, the positive perception of cost per satisfied visitor also allows to reconsider the price in favor of the offer. This research confirms the significance of price-quality in both models. In the first model, an exploratory purpose is best fulfilled having the price-quality assessment as an antecedent to satisfaction, while the second model seems to fit a predictive goal when the value is a consequence of satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Technologies of the Geographic Information (TGI) is a tool with great potential in spatial analysis. Faced with multiple and complex territorial issues, their ability allows a response, provided their use is implemented properly. Thus, the geography of tourism, from its territorial standpoint, can make use of this technology in the analysis of the territorial dimension of tourism. The georeferenced information (geo-information) allows to incorporate a new variable in the analysis of tourism. The spatial dimension incorporates values that enrich the analysis and allow complete the results over the territorial dynamism of tourism as well as their territorial impacts. This paper makes an approach to the application of TGI in the territorial analysis of tourism, using the example of the context of the third tourist boom in Canary island (Spain), to define and explain their effects on the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we carried out an analysis of the temporal concentration of tourism demand in the Spanish provinces for the period 1999-2012. The analysis is carried out through the use of different summary indices, which reflect different sensitivities of the measures in relation to the temporal distribution of the activity, and overnights data provided by INE. The analysis performed a descriptive analysis of provincial concentration, their temporal evolution and finally addresses the correlation between concentration and different potential explanatory variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The historic cities, defined by the interdependence between tangible and intangible cultural heritage and natural heritage, have a qualitative advantage to position themselves in the new function of internationalization. The aim of this paper is to present and analyze the process conducted by the historic town of Teruel to occupy a place in the new urban hierarchy. The city uses the myth of the Lovers as the capital/image to make the process of internationalization. A process as embodied in three strategies, with different stages of development, from the local to the international, involving a wide range of actors: the Tourist Initiatives Center with the presentation of the Medal of the Lovers, the Foundation «Bodas de Isabel» in creating the myth, and the City Council, which seeks to internationalization with the project: Europe In Love. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The opening ceremony of the Suez Canal took place on 17th November 1869. This historic event, which was celebrated at length by the media, attracted visitors from all over Europe thus generating the promotion of several packaged tours. After a brief introduction about the main facts that lead to the opening of the new sea route, this paper will focus on two singular projects of Spanish cruises, at a time when recreational trips abroad, and indeed tourism as a whole, were only proliferating amongst foreign elites. The study of these projects will help shed light on some of the differential features of the first cruise experiences in Spain which started taking place in the mid XIX century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the analysis of tourist potential as a condition for tourism planning. It talks about the tourism as a factor of development and planning as a management tool. Municipalities with the greatest tourist potential in the highland area of San Luis Potosí are used to explain and illustrate the results of the diagnosis of the region. Then, existing tourism planning instruments in force in San Luis Potosí are evaluated and a proposal for tourist use with the help of a SWOT analysis for the selected municipalities is offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By nature of their activity public administrations possess huge volumes of information that could be valuable to the market. Today, transparency, responsibility and reuse are issues of importance. Public data can be source of wealth that generates new services for citizens, who should always bear in mind that these data have been generated from tax revenues, and therefore constitute a public good. This paper broaches the analysis of information reuse in the tourist sector. Given that tourist activity is one of the great job providers in the world, and especially so in Spain, tourist administration will, by nature, generate a huge amount of information for potential commercial use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to present the situation of closed circle of dialogue between the utopia that emerges by the transformation of a dried lake from eighteenth century in tourist destination and the rationality of territorial identity. The appeared dysfunctions have serious consequences on the multifunctionality in agriculture, the wilderness progresses, and the conversion of myth into a tourist destination is impeded; the basic steps are not given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The market share is the most widely used indicator in the analysis of competitiveness in trade of goods and services. However, their use in tourism is subject to a widespread controversy, especially in those cases where goes together to the territorial analysis. This is because the goals of maximization of this variable by policy-makers, can lead to growth policies that jeopardize the economic and environmental sustainability of a resource-limited destinations. This paper discusses the use, validity and limitations of the market share as an indicator of competitiveness in tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we provide an analysis of the Spanish tourism demand growth cycle, during the period 1990-2011. The aim is twofold. Firstly, analyze tourism growth cycle, distinguishing between domestic tourism and inbound tourism. Secondly, we compare tourism growth cycle and economic growth cycle to detect a/symmetries and synchronization. The results show that nonresident tourism drags economic activity contributing to increase employment and production. However, domestic tourism generates greater activity gains, in expansion phase, while in recession generates minor losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim pursued in this paper is to analyze the tourism activity of the region Tangier- Tetouan in Morocco. In addition to the study of the main available variables statistics for the region, a fieldwork has been carried out in the framework of an extensive research project on sustainable tourism, called Ibn Battouta. The values of the region have been compared with the values of other nearby areas in the Strait of Gibraltar. As a result of the analysis performed, the tourist potential of the region has been confirmed, including the sun and beach tourism. The current global situation has raised a number of questions and queries about the tendency of this activity in Morocco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is part of the analysis of innovation policies in tourism. It studies the use of cluster policies and the configuration of clusters as planned initiatives, by focusing on the analysis of the tourist Innovative Business Group Programme in Spain. A qualitative method is used to study the point of view of managers who play a fundamental role in the Proramme. The results of the study are related to the cluster configuration process, the favourable factors and limitations of their activity, the general evaluation of the programme and the identification of proposals on how to improve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1974, Valdezcaray ski resort was built. It is located in the Sierra de la Demanda, which is crossed by the rivers Oja and Najerilla (Iberian System, in La Rioja, Spain). It is a small ski resort (22.6 Km of ski area) sponsored by the Town Hall of Ezcaray (Oja Valley), in order to boost tourism and break the regressive process that had been dragging on for decades in the Demanda area. This paper examines: i) the influence of Valdezcaray in the evolution of the population as well as in the demographic structure, and ii) the impact of the touristic sector development in primary activities (development of farms, agricultural livestock census and farmland) of the region. The results obtained indicate that the ski resort affects only a small area: the Oja Valley, especially the village of Ezcaray, but not the Najerilla Valley. In the first one, demographic trends and primary sector evolution have been positive and both of them have helped to improve the population structure. However, in the Najerilla Valley, population, livestock and farmland are still going down further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since early 2000, the EU keeps a line of helping fishing tourism projects. Along that decade were developed diverse projects in regions of Spain, which however had uneven developments, because of difficulties to make this new offer correct. The paper describes main features of the demand and analyzes the ways to design his product. Furthermore, it presents a breakthrough in the results of the effects of ongoing projects, initially complementary and combined with the destination of «sun and beach», but also related to the reduction of fishing effort as well as the impacts in local development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]