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In this paper, the authors present the organization of school nutrition in the primary school in Croatia and in some European Union countries and presents the main findings of researches which explored the importance of school meals for all children, especially those of lower socioeconomic status. This paper points out that school meals have a positive effect on children's academic success, which reflects in better school performance, especially in mathematics and reading. The socializing role of the school meal is explained in terms of the contribution of school nutrition in learning social skills and bringing students closer. The paper emphasizes the health aspect of nutritionally balanced and healthy school meals, which refers to the prevention and alleviation of obesity of students and other chronic diseases. In particular, the social aspect of school meals is explained, which play a significant role in the prevention of child poverty and social exclusion, which was further demonstrated during the health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the paper presents the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the distribution of school meals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Violence among children is a phenomenon that attracts the attention of experts and scientists and is researched from the perspectives of various scientific disciplines. Given the complexity, prevalence, and consequences that this phenomenon causes in society, it can be characterized as a social problem, which is present in all societies and all social groups, regardless of cultural and ethical diversity. In recent decades violence, including violence among children, has been perceived as a threat to human rights and social norms. Modern society, marked by technological advances and the ever-thinning line between reality and virtual reality, is a social risk for new forms of violence, so electronic violence is becoming more common. Through the paper, various forms of violence that occur among children will be presented, with emphasis on the similarities and differences between traditional forms and electronic violence. In the context of the Republic of Croatia, this paper will analyse the legislative framework that prescribes measures for the prevention of violence among children, the responsibility of various persons and institutions in recognizing violence, and professional measures aimed at victims and perpetrators. An attempt will be made to answer the question of how these regulations contribute to solving the social problem of violence among children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic monitoring is used and will be used for different purposes, among others for house arrest. In the paper pros and cons of electronic monitoring are analyzed, and so is the appliance of electronic monitoring on house arrest. The technology of electronic monitoring is analyzed firstly then the electronic monitoring and the influence on the house arrest is being analyzed. In this paper questions of privacy, cost, legal and other questions are being looked at for the purpose of understanding electronic monitoring and its benefits. Furthermore author gives comparison between house arrest and other measures in pre-trial detention. Author specifically referred on state of house arrest in Croatia and how appliance of electronic monitoring could affect pre-trial detention measures and pre-trial detention in general. For that purpose the pilot project from Ministry of Justice is resaerched as well as Croatians court practice in that matter. Ultimately author gives suggestions and propositions de lege ferenda how could house arrest function better, especially in Croatia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the authors aim to draw attention to the legal aspects and the possible social consequences of the Act on Golf Courses, an act that has drawn enormous media attention, particularly with respect to the very delicate institute of expropriation. We begin the paper with a general analysis of golf courses and their economic and environmental impact, as well as by a short overview of the institute of expropriation in general. This is followed by the segment in the paper in which we analyze the structure of the act in question, drawing comparisons between individual stipulations in the Act with relevant stipulations in other acts of the Croatian legal system. In a separate chapter we give a detailed analysis of norms that change the general regime of expropriation in our system. Finally, through the consideration of the formal and material constitutionality of the Act we dismiss some of the claims of unconstitutionality, while at the same time drawing attention to the core problem of the proportional nature of the end and the means in the development of golf courses. In conclusion, all we can do now is to wait for the ruling of the Constitutional Court with respect to this heated debate, a ruling that will determine the fate of what we consider to be a very dubious act. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mediation is one of the alternative ways to resolve a dispute. Due to the overburdening of the judicial apparatus, a practical and theoretical interest in mediation has recently been increased. The author of this paper deals with the legal regulation of mediation in the legal order of the Republic of Croatia. The paper begins with a general definition of mediation, which is followed by the interpretation of features of mediation. The author further emphasizes formal sources of law on mediation regarding the levels of formation and the importance of certain legal acts. Then he presents the earlier legal regulation of mediation as a prelude to a thorough review and evaluation of the «new» and currently binding legal rules from the Mediation Act, and partly from the Civil Procedure Act. The author compares rules of the «new» regulation with earlier and external solutions. Thereat he explains the causes which gave the impetus for the «new» legal regulation and then estimates the influence of regulation on the development of the institution of mediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the problem of raising rate of child labour and its different manifestations. Convention on the Rights of the Child (further: Convention) is undoubtedly the most important instrument of legal child protection and the affirmation of the child's status as the matter of law. Therefore, its role and importance in protecting the child against economic exploitation and, what is even more serious - problems of child labour, will be discussed. The paper also presents the role of the Convention's Facultative protocols which regulate the questions regarding the issue of ivovment of children in armed conflicts, child trafficking, child prostitution and pornography, as well as the role of the Convention of the International Labour Organization which protects the children's rights to protection from economic exploitation. As the Republic of Croatia accepted and ratified the Convention on the Rights of Child along with its Facultative protocols, it is obliged to apply them in Croatian legislation, that will be shown on the examples of family, work and criminal law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child is an international treaty that grants all children a comprehensive set of rights. These include the right of every child to a standard of living adequate for the child's physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development. An elementary part of the standard of living is child care and protection. The Republic of Croatia, as a Party to the Convention, is obligated to take all appropriate measures to secure the recovery of maintenance for the child; to undertake all appropriate legislative, administrative, and other measures for the implementation of recognized right and guarantee the child such protection and care as is necessary for his or her well-being. The paper analyzes the system of child maintenance in Croatian Family Law in accordance with the state's responsibility to ensure efficient protection and exercise child's right to maintenance. The paper also analyzes the new provisions of the Family Law Act intended to improve and simplify the procedure of exercising the child's rights to maintenance through courts and thus to provide better efficiency in the realization of this right. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers the child's right to contact with the non-resident parent and with its broader family as granted by Articles 8 and 9 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In terms of the right to contact, there is an issue of maintaining personal relations between the child and the parent living in different countries (Article 11 of the Convention) as well as an issue of the child's procedural right to express its views in proceedings deciding on some of its rights, including the right to contact (Article 12 of the Convention). Finally, there is the so-called standard Article 3 of the Convention which is aimed at protection of the child's right to its best interest being respected in all the proceedings deciding on its rights. Besides the above child's conventional rights which influence exercising the right to contact, the paper also includes an overview of the legislation from the Family Act, by means of which the Republic of Croatia fulfils its international obligation to respect the above child's rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child is an international treaty that grants all children a comprehensive set of rights. These include the right of every child to a standard of living adequate for the child's physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development. An elementary part of the standard of living is child care and protection. The Republic of Croatia, as a Party to the Convention, is obligated to take all appropriate measures to secure the recovery of maintenance for the child; to undertake all appropriate legislative, administrative, and other measures for the implementation of recognized right and guarantee the child such protection and care as is necessary for his or her well-being. The paper analyzes the system of child maintenance in Croatian Family Law in accordance with the state's responsibility to ensure efficient protection and exercise child's right to maintenance. The paper also analyzes the new provisions of the Family Law Act intended to improve and simplify the procedure of exercising the child's rights to maintenance through courts and thus to provide better efficiency in the realization of this right. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the problem of raising rate of child labour and its different manifestations. Convention on the Rights of the Child (further: Convention) is undoubtedly the most important instrument of legal child protection and the affirmation of the child's status as the matter of law. Therefore, its role and importance in protecting the child against economic exploitation and, what is even more serious - problems of child labour, will be discussed. The paper also presents the role of the Convention's Facultative protocols which regulate the questions regarding the issue of ivovment of children in armed conflicts, child trafficking, child prostitution and pornography, as well as the role of the Convention of the International Labour Organization which protects the children's rights to protection from economic exploitation. As the Republic of Croatia accepted and ratified the Convention on the Rights of Child along with its Facultative protocols, it is obliged to apply them in Croatian legislation, that will be shown on the examples of family, work and criminal law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers the child's right to contact with the non-resident parent and with its broader family as granted by Articles 8 and 9 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In terms of the right to contact, there is an issue of maintaining personal relations between the child and the parent living in different countries (Article 11 of the Convention) as well as an issue of the child's procedural right to express its views in proceedings deciding on some of its rights, including the right to contact (Article 12 of the Convention). Finally, there is the so-called standard Article 3 of the Convention which is aimed at protection of the child's right to its best interest being respected in all the proceedings deciding on its rights. Besides the above child's conventional rights which influence exercising the right to contact, the paper also includes an overview of the legislation from the Family Act, by means of which the Republic of Croatia fulfils its international obligation to respect the above child's rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the author focuses on theoretical and practical aspects of statute of limitations in criminal substantial and criminal procedural law. The paper consists both of - historical and philosophical consideration, but also practical aspects of the statute in Croatian substantive criminal legislation and jurisdiction, point out the most critical issues that should be reconsidered and changed in legislation. Moreover, the author has taken the opportunity to point out the importance of moral aspects and state responsibility, when certain disfunctionalism in reaching justice occurs. The role of individual approach in prosecuting and punishing is crucial here, and the author endorses the statute of limitations only if it is subjected to the person who demonstrates rehabilitation. Within legal, moral, and philosophical doubts presented, the author finally concludes with a question: if justice is already blind, are we allowed to force it to hold a stopwatch too? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the author wanted to show the causes and effects of economy policy during a very peculiar transition period in Republic of Croatia from the moment of its independence in the early nineties until 2005. Trough a theoretic definition of stabilization policy the author intended to obtain a framework necessary to understand the historic and economical context. In order to explain major economical and non-economical causes of the state of Croatian economy the author uses different graphs of major macro economical indicator and provides their interpretation. An overview of political acts such as state stabilization programs and their implementation were necessary in order to detect main problems of the new situation in Croatian economy as well as what caused it. Furthermore, the author compared the results of the implemented stabilization policy and put them in an international context by contrasting Croatia and its economy with economical results of similar transition countries in order to obtain an objective picture. Throughout the paper the author portrayed economical spectrum of problems which existed and concluded they still exist in Croatian economy either because of the burdens of the past or because of a lack of vision of progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Author in this paper analyses ongoings and processes reffered on dissolution of laws-tate conjuction with Austaria-Hungary Monarchy, establishing State of Slovenian, Croatian and Serbs, accession Consiglio Nazionale on the position of Rijeka's Nacional Council of State SHS, D'Annunzio's campaign from Ronchi and arrival in Rijeka, and in the end, establishing separate Kvarner's state Reggenza Italiana del Carnaro, apropos Italian regency of Kvarner. Subject of this paper is, also, analysis of D'Annunzio's Constitution, which presenting very special expression of constitutional-juristic and political ideas, announces italian model of corporatism, as special ideal-poltical base of constitutionality of fasistic Italy. Moreover, there is analysis of Bloody Christmas, so called five Rijeka's days (cinque giornate di Fiume), which is the name of war for Rijeka that lasted from 24th till 29th december 1920. Author analyses, also, Opatija's pact which concluded that Rijeka's state submited to application of Rapall's agreement. Gabriele D'Annunzio left Rijeka on 18th january 1921. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to present the course of criminal proceedings in Hungary and the continantal part of Croatia at the end of the 16th and beginning of the 17th century. Author focuses on the specific historical context which surrounds the legal procedure and reveals its medieval origin. Most of the procedural forms were based on customary law while there was no idea of state sovereignity and its legislative power. Procedure was slow and ineffective and criminal prosecution always started with a private action because there was no public interest in prosecuting the criminal offences. Modernization, introduced by Habsburg monarchs at the beginning of the 16th century, which tried to install the concept of public criminal prosecution, was strongly opposed by Hungarian and Croatian nobility deeply rooted in their ancestral freedoms and privileges. This paper is based on ,,Directio methodica", a book by Ivan Kitonić, who was one of the leading experts of his time on legal procedure. ,,Directio methodica" was first published in 1619. and it was intended to serve as a guide-book for parties without any legal education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to show changes that the Penal Code brought into the Croatian legal system with regard to rape, in comparison with earlier legislation. The criminal area of rape has been spread, so that it contains not just sexual intercourse but also sexual acts equal to it. Now the perpetrator can be male or female, the victim can also be male or female, and the existence of marriage is not relevant. The new changes have opened problems which judges usually meet in practice and which the author has tried to show in her paper. Firstly, the act which is equal to sexual intercourse is not defined in the Code. Also, there are some problems about the question of complicity in this criminal act. Proposals have been made to abandon the notion that rape is a crime in which complicity is not possible. The percentage of rapes which remain in the stage of attempt is very high. Also, the Courts are faced with many difficulties in distinguishing attempted rape from the completed crime of sexual assault. It is also quite difficult to determine the factual difference between attempt and voluntary abandonment with regard to this crime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the author elaborates the lawful regulation of the principle of consciousness and fairness and the theory of this principle, which is based both on demandings and practical obedience of the principle. The author especially elaborates contents and forms of breaches of the principle, emphasizes the legal nature of the provision in Article 12 of Croatia's Obligations Act and, finally, the fact that breaches of the principle may be sued and tried in the court of law. The author also exposes the new Obligations Act draft provisions on the principle. At the end of the paper the author brings a few rulings on the breaches of the principle, compares the principle with equity and trust in English law and, finally, draws his own conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on most prominent issues of refugee law, one of the most important areas of legal practice today. The authors have completed an analysis of the relevant elements of the refugee law, such as the principle of non-refoulemet, statutory refugees, war refugees and other with a special focus on Croatia. Last part of the paper gives a glance over the selected practice of the European Court for Human Rights and a comparative display of examples for a wider perspective on the analyzed principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper are presented various forms of unloading of the Croatian judiciary - court advisers, public notaries and land registry officers. Their historical development and recent situation according to the latest amendments and the reform efforts are presented. Advantages and failures of the chosen forms are analysed and attention is given to the need of system approach in resolving the assignment of judiciary tasks to the persons who are not judges. Serious critic is given to the assignment of litigation tasks to persons who are not judges, particularly taking into account possible consequences of this practice as it is shown in the comparative legal systems. The main characteristics of the institute Rechtspfleger in German and Austrian law are presented and the accent is given to their advantages. De lege ferenda, certain amendments to unloading of the judiciary in Croatia are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world economic crisis is a key factor that will encourage fundamental reforms in the existing economic structures. With its development and consequences, it indicates the unsustainability of market fundamentalism. The established global instability sets a major challenge before Croatia: how can a small country such as Croatia overcome the incurred consequences, if the United States of America and the developed countries of the European Union have not been able to achieve that goal yet? A key hypothesis of this paper takes the view that the global economic crisis has affected the national economy to a small extent only, while the main factors of the current economic situation can be found in causes that generated and have been neglected in the past two decades. The research showed that the major part of respondents correctly identify the cases of problems in the national economy as endogenous. It receives additional foundation in a percentage of 93,5% of respondents who expressed the view that the problem of the Croatian economy are results of internal causes. At the same time, more than half of respondents believe that the world economic crisis has significantly affected the Croatian economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes tenancy right as a legal institute of socialist Yugoslavia and the style of design at the time of housing relations and its repercussions on the Croatian legislation after its transition to capitalism and open markets. Furthermore, it examines the regulation of tenancy right through its stages of development in Yugoslavia, its main characteristics and intentions of the legislator, transformation in the democratic Croatia, through the Law on Sale of Apartments with Tenancy Rights, and ultimately, his abolition by the Law of Property Leasing and the Law on Ownership and other Property Rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the author analyses the present situation and future perspective of volunteering in the Republic of Croatia, primarily considering activities in civil society. Volunteering is presented from the point of law by comparing regulations and experiences in the Republic of Croatia with those in foreign countries, so as to define the legal frame for further analyses. By encounting crucial parts of infrastructure for volunteering and their activities, and analyzing already existing researches, the author wants to present volunteering trough the view of the public, business and non-profit sector, and most importantly -- through the eyes of the citizens themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protection of children deprived of parental care is a subject which deserves our full attention. In this paper the authors present the organization and work methods of Croatia's child care institutions. By analyzing Croatian legal solutions, and by comparing them with the standards set by international community they show the problems encountered by Croatian institutions, and also emphasize the need for deinstitutionalization by suggesting acceptance of certain foreign legal solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper is to point out the possible consequences of the novel of the Family Act by which the upper age limit of an adoptee and the upper age difference between an adoptee and an adopted person are abrogated as assumptions for adoption. The author provides an insight into the general historical development of the institute of adoption and the one on Croatian legal area, emphasizing the last twenty years and focusing primarily on the age as an assumption for adoption. The central point is that, if nothing else, the time for this legislative action has not yet come considering the reality with regard to the institute of adoption and that it encourages the disruption of the principle adoption naturam imitatur, but also the contemporary principle of the best interest of the child in favour of potential adoptees. That point of view is additionally substantiated with the analyses of the comparative law situation and relevant legal acts of international law, which bring us to an conclusion that the legal status before the novel was entirely adequate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protection of children deprived of parental care is a subject which deserves our full attention. In this paper the authors present the organization and work methods of Croatia's child care institutions. By analyzing Croatian legal solutions, and by comparing them with the standards set by international community they show the problems encountered by Croatian institutions, and also emphasize the need for deinstitutionalization by suggesting acceptance of certain foreign legal solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper is to point out the possible consequences of the novel of the Family Act by which the upper age limit of an adoptee and the upper age difference between an adoptee and an adopted person are abrogated as assumptions for adoption. The author provides an insight into the general historical development of the institute of adoption and the one on Croatian legal area, emphasising the last twenty years and focusing primarily on the age as an assumption for adoption. The central point is that, if nothing else, the time for this legislative action has not yet come considering the reality with regard to the institute of adoption and that it encourages the disruption of the principle adoption naturam imitatur, but also the contemporary principle of the best interest of the child in favour of potential adoptees. That point of view is additionally substantiated with the analyses of the comparative law situation and relevant legal acts of international law, which bring us to an conclusion that the legal status before the novel was entirely adequate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses all electoral systems according to which Croatia has conducted its parliamentary elections in the period between 1990 and 2007, and the influence of each electoral system on the party system and the formation of government in Croatia. One of the most important particularities of Croatian elections have been frequent changes of electoral laws and electoral systems by which the elections have been conducted, and therefore it is hard to find a country which has changed so many different electoral systems in a relatively short period. In the first ten years of existence of Croatian democratic state all major electoral systems have been used: double ballot majority system, mixed plurality -- proportional system, and finally proportional system since 1999. Analysing the formation of government based on different electoral systems the authors offer different answers as to the best possible electoral system -- one of them arguing for a more proportionate system (election of more representatives in each electoral unit, smaller prohibitive clause) which could lead to a more representative parliament with coalition governments, the other arguing for a double ballot majority system, which could reshape the Croatian party system in a bipolar mold, and help in forming a stable government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the institute of the shipbuilding contract in general and with its regulation in the Croatian Maritime Code. After the introductory note about naval architecture, the author systematically analyzes the concept and the legal nature of the shipbuilding contracts in the Republic of Croatia, and in some foreign countries (the USA, England and Italy). The text proceeds by analyzing all essential elements of this contract, beginning with the definition of the shipbuilding contract, form of contract, execution of the contract, ownership of the boat in the construction, shipbuilders responsibilities and obligations, control of the shipbuilding construction and the types thereof, responsibility for deficiencies, price, retention right, delivery of the ship, delay of delivery and force majeure, statute of limitations, etc. Special attention is devoted to situations and execution of shipbuilding contracts with international element and the issues of applicable law and court jurisdiction. International conventions that are relevant for the unification of regulations of the shipbuilding contract are discussed, as well as the best known clauses that are most often used in practice. In conclusion the author positively evaluates current normative arrangement of the shipbuilding contract giving a brief overview of the current state of the Croatian shipbuilding industry and stressing the need for a faster restructuring and renovation of Croatian shipyards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grave violations of International Law that took place in May 1945 at Bleiburg together with related extraditions and death marches are representing one of the most traumatic episodes in Croatian history. The author examines historical background of the Bleiburg crime and for the first time in legal science deals with the legal aspects of this tragedy. Emphasis is placed on determining responsibility of states, military units and individuals for the crime. Responsibility is founded on the Rules and Customs of War as well on the judicial practice and International Conventions relevant for that time. Fundamental idea of the paper is that Bleiburg crime must not go by without punishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As we know, in 2005 the new Croatian Law of Obligations was enacted and one of the institutes which were changed was precontractual liability. In this paper, the author analyses the historical developement of this institute concentrating primarily on Jhering's culpa in contrahendo doctrine. The regulation on precontractual liability by the former Law of Obligations was also shown so as to compare it with the existing one which represents a step forward concerning the extent of this liability. Significant attention was also paid to the measure of damages. Moreover, it was interesting to see how common law countries treat precontractual liability, especially Great Britain and the USA, having in mind that their standpoint regarding this institute is somewhat different than that of civil law countries one of which is Croatia (with particular regard to the good faith principle). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author starts with an analysis of the basic facts of custody over adults, through historical review from Roman law until this day. The paper attempts to entirely incorporate valid and existing legal regulation in the Republic of Croatia related to this institute of family law and persons protected by it. The essay lists reasons for attainment of capacity to exercise rights (attainment of capacity to exercise rights, placement under custody, and reinstitution of capacity to exercise rights) and obligations imposed on the guardian by the Family Act. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last twenty five years assisted procreation has become a topic of great interest for lawmakers around the world. Ethical dillemmas associated with new procreation methods demand precise laws which leave little uncertainty. Many countries prohibit every other assisted procreation method except in vitro and artificial insemination, but there are also countries that allow even surrogate motherhood. The author begins with defining the medical techniques which constitute assisted procreation today, and continues with explaining the legal framework of assisted procreation in Sweden, Slovenia, Spain, Norway, Austria, and Croatia, with emphasis on distinctive features of each country. The last pages of the paper deal with the right of the child to information about its biological parent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses different regulation of marriage procedures in Croatia and different forms of marriage at the present. Legal historical development has greatly affected and contributed to the existing state of marriage in the legal field. According to Croatian Family Code, marriage is a legal life-long union of a man and woman. The Croatian legal system allows for a choice between civil and religious marriage with private law effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to show that the concept of State liability nowadays exists to enable the attainment of two goals: namely, the protection of the individual rights and freedoms, on the one hand, and the proper functioning of the public service on the other hand. Despite the antagonism between those two interests, they can be reconciled. If the State opts to protect the individual rights by permitting actions against it, the State gets in fact a partner who will show the spots of dysfunction within the system. Then the relevant authorities could react timely in removing them. In Croatian legislation there are several acts that provide for the liability of State for damage caused by the civil servants, but there is no comprehensive code that would regulate all aspects of State liability. Therefore, the general regime of Croatian Law on Obligations is applied to all issues not covered by those specific laws, such as the issue of causation and fault. Although Croatian positive law on State liability does not differ too much from the other European states, the case-law of Croatian Supreme Court reveals the opposite. The result of this is that the aggrieved citizen is not entitled to damages, unless the act or omission of the servant is a crime and not merely a tort. Nevertheless, there are improvements. In 2003, Croatia reintroduced the State liability for damages caused by terrorist acts and public demonstrations, military or police acts that previously existed within the Law on Obligations and then were derogated because of the overwhelming actions due to the war. This was a direct consequence of a decision of the European Court for Human Rights. Further on, the case-law of the Croatian Constitutional Court becomes more and more developed giving it the status of a guardian and a sort of Croatian legal 'avant-garde'. Although the improvements in certain spheres of Croatian law and the practice of the Croatian Constitutional Court are most welcome, it is still necessary that even ordinary courts accept such attitude in regard to the State liability. Otherwise, there is an improper balance between the interests of the State and protection of individual rights, at the prejudice of the latter. Due to the facts that Croatia is a candidate country for the membership in the EU and that one of the requirements for that is the stability of institutions guaranteeing democracy, the rule of law, human rights and the ability to take on the obligations of membership, the presentation of the current state of affaires in Croatian law is followed by a short overview of the concept of State liability in the EU law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to present flexibilization as a common name for different methods which, in order to increase profit and to keep the competition level, tend to transfer labor costs by diminishing social elements traditionally connected with work as it has been known for decades. The main mechanism to this end is reducing the restrictions and rigidness of labor law, which primarily has a negative impact on the safety of the working place, but also a positive effect on social and labour inclusion of women and elderly persons, who are recognized as hardly employable cathegories of workers. The most flexible labour relations are in the USA, but flexibilization took place first in Europe due to the transformation of the rigid labour laws in 1970s. Because of the trade unions action, the flexibilization in its basic sense, namely the cutting of costs, was transformed into "flexicurity", the system in which the state has taken over some of the social burden from the employers. There is also a detailed classification of the flexibilization methods, either legal or non-legal. Some of the current issues on this topic with respect to Croatia have been analyzed too, since the flexibilization has appeared in several reforms in the field of labor law and social security in Croatia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Condominium, or according to Croatian positive law-ownership of special part of real estate, is a complex legal institute, especially in the Croatian legal system. The purpose of this paper is to make an overview of all the main elements of condominium, together with some related legal issues. The author initially describes the concept and characteristics of condominium, with a brief outline of its historical development. Further topics are establishment, disposition and management of condominium. This legal institute has been described according to the way it is regulated by Croatian statutory law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]