Search

The paper delves into the possibilities of computer modeling for manipulator systems within the Matlab program. The analysis is directed towards a two-link manipulator model. Within the framework of kinematic analysis, the paper confronts the solution to the inverse kinematics problem and subsequently navigates through the solution to the direct kinematics problem. The trajectory is modeled by a fifth-degree polynomial during the motion from a known initial position to the specified final position within defined working regions of the manipulator. The work encompasses graphical representation of the results. The manipulator's workspace is also delineated, considering angular constraints on both arms and illustrating the trajectories during operational movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to find out what is the content of sexual communication between mothers and children and how mothers communicate sexual topics with their children. The paper is based on a research investigation in which a qualitative research approach was applied. The data collection tool was a semistructured interview with 26 mothers who had children aged 12-18 years. Some grounded theory procedures were used in the data analysis. The results show that mothers formulate their messages about sexual intercourse depending on the age of the children and the so-called sexual events that the children have experienced. In terms of form, it turns out that mothers formulate their messages in three forms - sexual facts, sexual lessons, sexual examples. These are variable in terms of the intention that the mother wants to achieve. Mothers apply these forms separately or combine them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the authors have characterized the main directions of methodological search in teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language at the present stage: the experience of teaching this course at some Ukrainian institutions of higher education has been analyzed. The potential of teaching Ukrainian on the basis of the methodological approach / language skills / lexical topics has been specified in this paper. The authors have elucidated the criteria offered as indicative for designing textbooks and guidelines for teaching non-native speakers or foreigners. Particular attention is paid to factors that cause significant public response to learning and teaching Ukrainian considering the current geopolitical situation in Europe and in the world. The paper describes current trends in teaching Ukrainian and offers prospects for creating further methodological support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the current Czech methodology of accounting for experimental animals and animals sold as pets at retail pet stores while assessing whether the methodology is in line with ethical principles, as pets sold at retail are treated as goods in the accounts and experimental animals are accounted for as material. The paper proposes procedures for accounting for experimental animals and animals sold at retail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is concerned with the relationship between military expenditure and unemployment. The purpose of the paper is to discover the relationship between military expenditure and the unemployment rate using NATO economies as examples and to analyse possible stabilizing effects of military expenditure by means of the ARDL model. The empirical results reveal a negative correlation between military expenditure and the unemployment rate indicating possible important influence of the armed forces as an employer on the labour market in Albania, Bulgaria, Poland and Romania. However, the model results do not confirm that military expenditure could have a stabilizing effect on the state economic policy across NATO member states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of the paper is to present the results of a qualitative research that mapped the situation in the field of institutional education in the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic. In the paper we will introduce the system of institutional education in the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic and describe the most important legislation. At the end of the paper, we will discuss the findings that we have observed during our research. We will point out the common areas and the most significant differences. Our paper will offer an opportunity to better understand the specifics of each system of institutional education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on a systematic assessment of the impact of development projects on different performance areas, with an emphasis on social. In the context of the ever-evolving digital era, development projects are becoming a key element for achieving competitiveness and sustainability in all sectors. The aim of this paper is to analyze how development (housing) projects affect economic growth, firm efficiency, social interaction and sustainable development from a theoretical knowledge perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competition for working positions at the workplace constitutes one of the real problems frequently encountered in business and management ethics. Despite its frequent occurrence at the workplace, as literature research shows, theoretical reflection on the issue within applied ethics is relatively rare. The present paper aims to provide a scholarly reflection on the unfair competition for positions, which is not in compliance with the ethical rules of competition. Furthermore, significance will also be placed on providing a definition of unethical job competition, identifying the features of this pattern of behavior, as well as describing the impact of this undesirable phenomenon. The present paper contributes to the underlying reflection on the issue from the point of view of applied ethics as applied in Economics. The main task of the study is to delineate the various features of unfair competition for higher work positions and the terminology related to this issue, possible ethical theoretical apologetics, and to describe the negative consequences of such conduct and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our paper aims to examine how Anti-Semitism, its determinants, and its forms appear in Pál Závada’s selected novel and, based on this analysis, to evaluate the extent to which its various forms are represented. The paper calls for more attention to the stereotypes and prejudices underlying various manifestations of intolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors of the paper present research findings focused on the role of parents when supporting their own children during distance education (ERE). It is part of a problematic and one of the research tasks addressed in VEGA project No. 1/0550/22. The aforementioned starting points, as well as the discourse of foreign researches, led the authors of the paper to study the opinions and experiences of parents and their help and support when educating pupils during distance education in the time of the COVID 19 pandemic. The paper presents only one part of a large-scale research study with a package of research and statistical methods (analyses, on-line questionnaires, structured individual interviews, the method of Focus Groups, quasi-experiments, the SPSS program package version 2.0) and more. A total of 407 parents participated in the presented part of the research. The research results show that the parents of lower secondary education (ISCED 2) students [AM 2.1] and the parents of upper secondary education (ISCED 3) students [AM 2.3] were not entirely satisfied with the overall course of distance education (ERE) and its organisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the difference between project and final prices of construction contracts in the public sector. The project price of construction contracts is usually created using price systems, while the final prices of contracts are based on the actual interest of construction companies in the implementation of a given contract, actual cost, and the state of the market for construction works and materials. The paper presents an analysis of a total of 1,021 construction contracts awarded by the public sector in the Czech Republic in 2019-2020. These contracts are divided according to the predominant nature of the work into three categories, namely demolition, reconstruction, and construction. The authors conclude that the project and final prices of construction contracts differ, both in terms of regional destination and the nature of the subject of the contract (construction, demolition, etc.). The biggest savings were found in contracts dealing with demolition work, where secondary income can be expected in the form of sales of secondary raw materials. Moderate savings are also achieved in the case of contracts concerning reconstruction or construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper is devoted to the issue of changes in healthcare sector under the influence of Industry 4.0. The main objective of the research is to estimate the impact of Industry 4.0 concept elements in healthcare sector on national economy and social environment within the prospects and synergies for bigger use of Industry 4.0 technologies in healthcare sector. The paper draws attention to identifying the synergies brought about by Industry 4.0 in the healthcare sector. To reach this goal, methods such as analysis, comparison, synthesis, and logical deduction are to be used. The results have shown that healthcare sector is a sector that is most in need of the technological convergence regarding the factors of digitization, automation, robotics that have brought the possibility of greater and more transparent data connectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the analysis of the current methodology of manufacturing accounting in accordance with the Czech accounting standards. For the purposes of the paper, the method of process analysis is used. The paper defines the negatives of accounting procedures that have been used since 2016 and compares the current accounting procedures with the procedures used before 2016. It has been found that the current methodology according to the Czech accounting standards is in conflict with the Act No. 563/1991 Coll., on accounting. According to the former procedures, increase or decrease in manufacturing inventory were accounted for with the accounts in Class 6 – Revenue. Under the current rules, changes in manufacturing inventory are accounted for in the accounts in Class 5 – Costs. This significantly distorts the total value of costs and revenues. The financial statements prepared on the basis of such documents thus do not provide a true and fair view of the subject atter of the accounts, as required by Act No. 563/1991 Coll., on accounting. There is a conflict between the rules laid down by the Czech Accounting standards for manufacturing accounting and the requirements for financial statements under the Act No. 563/1991 Coll., on accounting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract needs to be written in English, Times New Roman, Font 6. The abstract should be no longer than 10 lines, alignment to blocks. Abstract: This research paper investigates the role of power dynamics and social status in shaping ingroup and out-group behaviour in Indian Multinational Corporations (MNCs) and examines their impact on perceived individual performance outcomes. Using a qualitative and quantitative research approach, data is collected from employees in Indian MNCs and analysed through thematic and quantitative analysis to identify power dynamics and social status and explore their influence on in-group and outgroup behaviour. The study assesses the impact of such behaviour on perceived individual performance outcomes, considering prior research highlighting its negative effects on employee engagement, job satisfaction, and overall organizational performance. The findings can help managers develop effective diversity management strategies, promoting an inclusive work environment and improving individual performance outcomes. The paper concludes by emphasizing the study's significance and potential contributions to theory and practice. By exploring the role of power dynamics and social status in shaping in-group and out-group behaviour and its impact on individual performance outcomes, this research offers valuable insights into the complexities of managing a diverse workforce in Indian MNCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the prediction of the exchange rate of the Czech Crown and its market position relative to larger currencies such as the Euro. The study examines the development of the EUR/CZK exchange rate from 2003 to 2023 using neural networks, revealing its volatile tendencies over twenty years. The analysis shows that the exchange rate fluctuated between 22 and 34 without a prolonged period of stagnation. Furthermore, a prediction for the exchange rate in the months of April, May, and June 2023 was conducted, indicating that most neural networks produced similar values and projected no significant increase or decrease. The paper emphasizes that the algorithm of neural networks relies on past values, implying that the actual exchange rate may differ significantly from the predicted outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects the research aim and starting points of the APVV-18- 0115 project entitled Language in the City – Documenting the Multimodal Semiosphere of Linguistic Landscapes in Slovakia and in a Comparative Perspective. As formulated by its main author, Wolfgang Schulze (2018), the presented interdisciplinary project is focused on “the general research paradigms of the so-called cultural linguistics, sociolinguistics, multimodal linguistics, and cultural semiotics.” Within this context, the paper addresses the means used to express appeal in the linguistic landscape (order, ban, instruction, warning, request, or plea). The author draws on the characteristics and functions of imperative and its competitive forms in the German language, and observes their manifestations in the linguistic landscape. The analysis of the grammatical structures used for expressing the appeal deals with the material collected during the field research performed in the specifically selected parts of Erlangen, Germany. For the purpose of this analysis, the research material was complemented by the signs collected in the more frequented parts of Erlangen as well, i.e., places with increased movement and concentration of people such as the railway station, public transportation vehicles, malls, university, university library. The goal of this paper is to outline the means used in the German linguistic landscape to express an appeal and guide the behaviour of the intended recipients. The comparative perspective is applied not only in the examination and analysis of the research sample, but it also extends to the Slovak language. The results of the analysis are compared with the way an appeal is expressed in the Slovak linguistic landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work from home has become a part of everyday life for most of us. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become a necessity rather than a formerly desired benefit. An important part of this way of working is its effect on workers and how workers have handled this phenomenon of modern times. The objective of the paper was to find out how office workers perceived the transition to work from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper also examined whether office workers perceived higher productivity when working from home and whether they were able to separate private and work life. Data from a questionnaire survey distributed to 33 employees of a project office of the company T-Mobile Czech Republic a.s., who compared their experience with working from home before the pandemic and during the lockdown. The data obtained were then evaluated on the basis of relative frequency. The results show that employees were more productive when working from home, both before the pandemic and during the lockdown. At the same time, most employees did not have problems separating private and work life, unlike working parents, who reported problems related to online education during the lockdown. These findings represent certain benefit for HR departments, who can, based on these findings, decide on the length of working from home. The findings also form a basis for considering how to help employees to adapt to this newly emerged trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the paper was to assess safety of passenger cars sold in the Czech Republic in terms of the development of both active and passive safety features of cars sold between 2020-2022. Using content analysis aimed at collecting secondary data, the sales of passenger cars and their safety ratings were examined. Cluster analysis and neural networks were subsequently used to classify vehicles into selforganizing Kohonen maps, within which the movement between individual clusters was monitored. It was found that more than 25 % of vehicles sold between 2021 and 2022 changed their position compared to the year 2020. When taking into account vehicles newly introduced to the market, the average level of safety of vehicles sold compared to the year 2020. Further research could focus on a more detailed analysis of factors affecting safety on roads and their quantification for making better predictions and prevention of road accidents. It should be considered that vehicle safety ratings are based on a specific methodology and criteria and can vary significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trend of using natural materials for consumer goods has been increasingly pronounced recently. Construction industry is no exception here, with wooden house construction developing within it rapidly, and board structures utilized on a large scale. Given this, the task of searching for new technical solutions in manufacturing natural material board structures seems a crucial one. The paper describes the patented structure of corrugated veneer panel developed by the authors. Its heat insulating properties are evaluated by finding the thermal conductivity coefficient. Another advantage of the corrugated veneer panel under consideration is its capacity to help expand the scope of use of birch wood, which is currently highly limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The acquisition process of military equipment, technology, material and related services (METMS) is often accompanied by doubts about the economy of the purchase. For this reason, on the one hand, there are delays in the implementation of strategic investments, and on the other hand, there are risks of criminal prosecution of the persons involved. At the same time, the absence of the ability to objectively assess the effectiveness of the entire investment is felt. As a result of the existence of this gap, the project "Znalec" (Expert Witness) was created as a part of the Defense Research Program with the aim of assessing the possibility of creating an expert institute, which could be a professional workplace with the ability to provide an objective view of the value of acquired METMS, create an expert standard for evaluating METMS and design a system of training relevant experts. This paper deals with the first of the goals of the project, when, based on a thorough analysis, it presents a proposal for the parameters of the expert institute, the primary goal of which is to ensure an independent evaluation of the METMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, in a time of rapid development of many scientific disciplines, solutions are emerging that require knowledge from several fields. Promoting crosscurricular relationships is also becoming relevant. Its importance is also clear in higher education. It creates and deepens students' competences and enables them to take a broader view of related or underlying fields. 3D models are a very suitable tool to support cross-curricular relationships, where their importance is not only in the creation of the 3D model itself, but the results obtained in this way are also fully applicable in the educational field as a visualization tool. This is an interesting activity for students, but also the creation of models hides a number of possible complications that can complicate their creation and if the model fails, it can discourage the student. Therefore, it is important to be able to react correctly and choose the appropriate course of action. It is not necessary to obtain new photographs, but manual intervention in the creation of the 3D model is sufficient. The method of creating 3D models and their importance in the educational sphere have already been presented in several of our publications, for example [1-6]. However, practical implementations show that although students are very positive about this activity, they often encounter problems in post-processing. It is on post-processing procedures that we will focus in our paper. Using concrete examples, we will show the three basic editing methods we have proposed (adding manual tie-points; editing a meshed model by removing point clouds and properly removing the visible part of the model), which once mastered, students will be able to solve most problems in the creation of 3D models without deeper technical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the paper was to analyse the 2017-2022 time period using chronologically ordered time series with information on wheat and rapeseed prices. To assess the price development in the period under study, possible trends and seasonality. Furthermore, to confirm or refute dependence of agricultural commodity prices on the COVID-19 pandemic using correlation method. Three research questions were formulated and answered through these scientific methods. Descriptive analysis was used to process the chronologically ordered time series, graphs were used for visualization. Statistical indicators for mathematical expression such as mean, median, minimum and maximum were identified. In order to determine trend or seasonality, a trend line was plotted on graphs showing no statistically significant indicator which would confirm this. Correlation analysis showed low linear dependence between commodity prices and extreme events such as COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summer visits to coastal sea destinations are the most represented in world tourism, accounting for 55% of global tourist travel. A seaside vacation is a form of relaxation and recreation with numerous benefits for a person's psychological, physical, and mental health. Sea water and air rich in marine minerals have a profound effect on the human psyche and provide a pleasant holiday in relation to oceanographic motifs as the main tourist attractions during the summer season. This paper explores the key tourism attributes of seawater from the perspectives of sea recreational tourism and humans' health and comfort. Chemical composition, temperature, salinity, dynamics, and water purity have been identified as major attractiveness factors (elements) for planning healthy sea activities and the swimming tourist season at coastal destinations. It was found that tropical and subtropical coastal regions are mostly touristically significant, while coastal desert regions are gaining significant popularity. The study's findings are educational and applicable to the tourist valorisation and tourism planning of the seas, as well as for understanding the new trends in global sea tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy prices are a widely discussed topic and their development influences everyday life of every person. This paper deals with the development of electricity and natural gas prices in the years 2017 - 2022 with the aim to evaluate this development and determine the impact of extreme events on this development. For the purposes of describing the development, the descriptive analysis of electricity and natural gas time series was used. The impact of extreme events represented by the COVID-19 pandemic was determined using the correlation analysis. The results show that in the monitored period, the development of electricity prices was more stable that the prices of natural gas. However, the correlation between the average increment in the number of patients with COVID-19 and the prices of energy commodities could not be confirmed. To prove the influence the above extreme events, a more complex analysis would be necessary, which would include other factors that could have an impact on energy prices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the development of the global copper market using sentiment analysis to analyse the opinions, feelings, and subjectivities of the research subject. Particular attention is paid to one of the most important international mining companies in the world, Freeport-McMoRan. Texts related to Freeport-McMoRan and the relevant copper market were processed using MS Excel software and artificial intelligence, specifically recurrent neural networks. Sentiment analysis was followed by regression analysis to track the copper price trend over the same period. Confirmed the existence of inverse relationship between the copper price and the results of the sentiment analysis performed. Positive results of the sentiment analysis affect the sentiment of the copper market, thereby affecting the copper price with a time lag. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, a number of experts in the Czech Republic and Slovakia are ceasing their activities. For many of them, the reason is mandatory examinations; in some other cases, it is, for example, the unclear liability of the expert witness along with large penalties for violation of given rules. The purpose of the paper is to define the fundamental parameters of expert witness liability in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in the light of the global trends in the field. The primary method to achieve this goal was content analysis. The data source used was legal documents, as well as opinions published in scholarly and expert publications. The liability of expert witnesses lies not only in the compliance with the set rules and standards but also in the ability to adapt to new challenges and ensure that their wok is as relevant and accurate as possible. Expert witnesses thus bear liability at multiple levels, including ethics, professional standards, legal obligations, and practical considerations. Nevertheless, there is no established judicial practice in this area in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper was to map the price development of selected metal commodities - gold and silver from 1 January 2015 to 1 January 2023, to determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on their price development and whether there is a linear relationship between the prices of these commodities. The validity of the correlation between the prices of gold and silver was examined using correlation analysis. Granger causality confirmed a statistically significant relationship between past gold and silver prices, indicating their mutual predictive value for future prices. The price data was obtained by content analysis and evaluated by graphical analysis. During the period under review, the price of both commodities increased, and the curves of both commodities followed a similar pattern. The gold price evolved from the original value of CZK 877.19/g to the price quoted on 1 January 2023, which was CZK 1,327/g. The price of silver also saw a price development, from CZK 11.64/g to CZK 17.43/g. From an investment point of view, the COVID-19 pandemic had a positive effect on both commodities, as prices increased significantly, especially for gold, which can serve as an investment metal in times of economic crises. The biggest limitation of the work were events such as the COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine, which influenced the price development of both commodities and thus could have affected the results of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines laypeople's strategic decision-making by focusing on the example of tertiary education enrollment, a strategic life choice with long-term implications. The study design follows a standard decision-making approach, considering available alternatives, evaluation criteria, and decision-making process while exploring emotions' role in this context. Qualitative responses from a survey (n=527) were analyzed and coded for quantitative analysis. The findings reveal differences between the reported decision-making process and the standard approach, emphasizing the influence of emotions. Two distinct decision-making paths related to short- and long-term benefits in enrollment choices were identified, leading to policy recommendations. The research highlights the mediating effect of dominantly negative emotions on decision and satisfaction and the distinctive relationship between dominantly positive and negative emotions on decision outcomes. Particularly, the role of dominantly negative emotions in the long-term context suggests their influence in enhancing strategic orientation during decision-making processes. Additionally, the study challenges the conventional separation between causes, evaluation criteria, and alternatives in decision-making models, suggesting the need for improved methods that account for interconnectedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to identify the essential factors affecting CFROI (based on a comparative analysis of theoretical sources, case studies and conclusions from our research) with a subsequent analysis of the implementation process of this method. The consequence of the connection is the systematic, holistically incorporated principles of the method into managers' decision-making. The procedure for applying the CFROI method consists of eight parts, namely data collection, determination of the value of depreciated assets and their useful life, calculation of the value of depreciated assets at current prices, calculation of the value of non-depreciated assets, determination of the value of the investment, quantification of cash flow, calculation of the CFROI indicator and its economic interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global business literacy is generally considered one of the key competencies important for functioning in today's interconnected global business world. Despite some studies investigating its determinants carried out worldwide, findings related to Central Europe are rather scarce. The aim of this paper is to identify the effects especially of stay abroad experiences, but also other related factors on cultivation of global business literacy of university students. For this purpose, a total of 255 business students from the Czech Republic and Slovakia filled out the online questionnaire. The results of correlation and regression analysis showed that the most important factor for cultivating global business literacy is the completion of a course related to international business, followed by the intensity of interactions with foreigners. The stay abroad experiences significantly positively affect only the self-efficacy dimension of global business literacy. Overall, it appears that global business literacy can be well developed also through internalization activities at home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, innovations introduced in companies that are exposed to a complex business environment are a hot topic of discussion. Their growth and sustainability are intrinsically linked to innovation processes. In order for enterprises to move forward, this very issue with its emphasis on strategic sustainability in such enterprises represents, in our view, a research gap that needs to be continuously explored in greater depth. In the present paper, we focus on Slovak enterprises that are based on the development of new products in Slovakia and which are also part of a stagnant innovation environment. Attention is drawn to selected aspects influencing innovation in enterprises, which should be perceived by companies not as a burden, but as an intrinsic need for their further development and their sustainability in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the issue of motivation for military service in the Czech Armed Forces. It aims to map the Institutional-Occupational (I-O) motivations of the generation of Czech recruits currently starting their military career. The research sample consisted of 1557 recruits. Institutional preference was confirmed. The influence of gender, age, education, partner life and parenthood on these factors were also analyzed. From an institutional point of view, significant influence of age and education was found. From an occupational point of view, results showed, that again age, education and type of partnership cohabitation have a significant influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper was to investigate the demand function for coffee in selected EU countries using content analysis, price elasticity and income elasticity calculations. The content analysis revealed 13 factors behind the demand for coffee, including quality, rare, healthy, unique and certified coffee, eco-labels, decaffeinated products, sensory and physiological characteristics, human diseases and environmental pollution as the main determinants. The relationship between the demand for coffee and its price was also examined, measuring price and income elasticities of demand. The factors behind coffee demand have created a perfectly inelastic demand in the EU. Low quality coffee is not attractive to consumers who want excellent, rare and healthy products. It is therefore concluded that there is a perfectly inelastic demand for coffee. The quantity demanded is independent of changes in coffee prices, indicating that the quantity demanded does not change despite price fluctuations (no elasticity). Coffee is classified as an inferior commodity in the EU and shows declining demand despite rising incomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper compares the development of agricultural and arable land in the Czech Republic between 2000 and 2020. It has been found that the area of agricultural and arable land had decreased. Obviously, the legal norms that are supposed to ensure its protection are not observed in practice and that there can always be found a reason to grant an exception. The paper also examines the development of the prices of agricultural and arable land in selected EU countries between the years 2000 and 2018. In all cases examined, price growth has been recorded. The area of vacant land is decreasing; therefore, the people interested in its purchase are willing to pay high prices. In the paper, the development of organic farming in the CR from the 1990s until present is addressed. There has been a massive development of this way of farming. This could be considered positive, since organic farming is beneficial for the environment, farm animals, and consumers, who can get quality food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with body shaming, which is a form of bullying behavior. This is a modern phenomenon in the 21st century, in which the communicator makes disrespectful comments about the physical appearance of the person in question or uses various forms of (cyber)bullying. Body shaming accompanied by cyber aggression is becoming more and more a part of online communication and is as dangerous and distressing for the victim as cyberbullying. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on its elimination. The aim of the present paper is to define the basic principles of body shaming, reactions to it and risks as well as to point out its negative impact and the importance of prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essential of this paper is to find out how the secondary socialization of children from home education takes place and to map the personal experiences and opinions of parents educating their children at home. The paper is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part deals with the socialization as a necessary process in the life of each individual, we describe the various types of socialization, we deal with a different concept of socialization according to where it takes place, i.e. in the home and school environment. The theoretical part forms the basis for the empirical part. For the implementation of the research, we chose qualitative research using semi-structured interviews, which were conducted with parents who currently have a child or children in home education. The limit of the presented work is a small sample of respondents and the associated impossibility to generalize the results. However, the research went into the depth of the topic and brings subjective opinions and experiences of parents. Another limit is the implementation of interviews through telephone, which do not allow to observe nonverbal expressions of respondents during the interview, which can reveal a lot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An increase in the use of alternative power sources results from the transition to a green economy and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Their deployment contributes to increasing energy self-sufficiency and independence from other countries. Despite the highly positive effects associated with the operation of alternative power sources, it is necessary to pay appropriate attention to providing their operational safety. Using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis method (FMEA), this paper assesses the causes and effects as well as estimates the Risk Priority Number of photovoltaic system failures possibly resulting in fire. The paper assesses the causes of fire in the manufacturing, transportation, installation and operation phases. The Failure Mode and Effects Analysis method allowed for estimating the Risk Priority Number, with the highest being estimated for six causes, including inverter failures, malfunctioning lightning protection and fuse box failures. In total, 20 different causes were assessed, of which more than 50% can be considered acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors deal with the issue of determining the appropriate legal bases for the processing of personal data by employee representatives. The main objective of this paper is to assess the use of the relatively new European legislation on the protection of personal data in the specific environment of individual and collective employment relationships on the part of employee representatives. In the paper, the authors try to confirm that employee representatives in addition to the consent of a natural person concerned are entitled to act in line with another legal basis - the public interest (or fulfillment of legal obligations) given their position in the implementation of individual and collective labor relations. According to the authors, the choice of a specific legal basis will be based on the assumption that the employee representatives process personal data of the natural persons concerned, e.g. for the purposes of exercising the competencies granted by the relevant labor law regulations or for the purposes of managing internal relations of employee representatives (trade union membership as a personal data of a special category, fulfillment of rights arising from the trade union membership by a natural person). The authors substantiate their claims with relevant references to the practice, international legal documents and subsequently emphasize their use within specific labor law institutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the quantitative and qualitative systematic analysis of the multimodal semiosphere pertaining to the linguistic landscape of the selected urban spaces in Banská Bystrica. It examines public urban communication in the form of text-based public signs (road signs, billboards, street names, place names, commercial shop signs, public signs, etc.) as information units to which passers-by are exposed. This paper explores both local features and commonalities that may show the patterns of globalisation, as well as general areal and historical patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of the prediction of business and economic characteristics provide valuable information to stakeholders (business owners and managers, investors, and shareholders). The aim of the paper is to provide a comprehensive overview on methods applied in practice for predicting significant business and economic variables. The research is structured into selected key industries for most of the world's economies. An extensive literary review of the scientific papers published over the last decade revealed that the most used prediction methods include ANN, GARCH combined with ARIMA. These are the methods strong enough to capture the specifics of the industries for the economic and business prediction purposes. The LSSVM and ARIMA methods are used separately to a lesser extent. The other methods were used mainly for the purpose of vali-dation of their predicting applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to determine the actual cost of equity capital in the accommodation and food service activites sector in the Czech Republic between 2015 and 2019. The data was collected from the Albertina database and processed based on changes in retained earnings from previous years and the current financial year's profit. The results show the resulting cost of equity capital, which in the years under consideration averaged between 32.40 - 67.25% and the median values ranged between 11.78 - 22.72%. The contribution of this paper can be seen in bringing the resulting value of the actual cost of equity capital in the selected industry on which subsequent predictions for the future can be based. The limitation of the research can be seen in the use of older data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary aim of this study has been to examine the Human Resource (HR) Practice types which are being followed in various Indian Entrepreneurial Organizations with special focus on succession planning process. HR Practices provide a common understanding and order within the system. It is also a very important part of an organizations business strategy since people are working for an organization and creating a great enterprise heavily relies on how well and fairly, they are being treated. Additionally, organisations require a plan for creating, disseminating, and enforcing a set of rules and regulations that are compliant with the law and represent the proper conduct of their employees. Sound HR Practices also support the vision, mission and business strategy of an Organization. At the operational level of HR function, it helps HR Professionals to deliver in an objective way. This paper provides insights, as to the status of types of HR Practices being followed in Indian Entrepreneurial Organizations. It would help organizations to improve their HR practices. This paper also tests the relevance of influence of organization types on HR practices especially Succession Planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of the paper is to present a view of inclusive education as a tool for preventing social exclusion. Our findings were obtained through qualitative research conducted in an environment at risk of social exclusion. The results confirm the important role of education in preventing social problems. In the discussion of the results, we will point out the need for intensive involvement of special education and emphasize the need for quality training of the actors of inclusive education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the transformative effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development and implementation of advanced technologies in the Czech Republic's assisted retail sector. The pandemic accelerated digital transformation across industries, and retail was no exception. The enforced changes in shopping habits and safety measures have led to a surge in the demand for technology-driven solutions in retail, pushing businesses towards innovation to ensure continuity and resilience. The paper analyzes both qualitative and quantitative data gathered from various assisted retail businesses in the Czech Republic. The research employs a mixed-method approach, incorporating case studies, surveys, and statistical analysis to provide comprehensive insights into the swift technological transformations. The findings indicate a significant increase in the adoption of technologies such as contactless payments, augmented reality (AR), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) in retail operations. It further reveals the increased use of e-commerce platforms, digital marketing strategies, and mobile applications to promote contactless shopping. A notable aspect of the study is the rise of voice-assisted shopping, demonstrating a technological shift towards more personalized and efficient customer service. The implications of these findings suggest that the pandemic-induced circumstances have revolutionized retail technology in the Czech Republic. It also hints at the potential for other industries to learn from the strategies deployed in this sector. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for further research to assess the sustainability and long-term impact of these new technologies post-pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to identify macroeconomic factors that influence IPO implementation in selected Central and Eastern European capital markets. Survey based research has been conducted within a sample of non-financial companies operating in the Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, and Romania. The results suggest that favorable macroeconomic conditions such as GDP growth, low interest rates or positive development of local capital markets promote companies´ interest in IPO implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Performance remuneration of managers using the balanced scorecard (BSC) method has two main advantages. The first is the motivational criteria derived directly corporate strategy, the second is the "balanced" nature of remuneration based on other performance targets in addition to “traditional” financial indicators. However, the prerequisite for the effectiveness of this method is its correct use, which assumes that the essence of the method and the individual components of its methodology are correctly understood and applied. The article deals with the extent of occurrence of this method as a tool for performance remuneration in Czech companies, and the extent to which its practical application corresponds to its methodological assumptions and requirements. The paper uses a qualitative survey carried out in mid-size and large enterprises in the Czech Republic to determine to what extent the prevailing way in which the method is used can be regarded as a tool increasing the value added of performance-based management compensation, what are the basic prerequisites for an effective use of this method, and what main modifications/adaptations leading to its higher effectiveness the method allows without losing its rationale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present selected results of a probing research investigation that focused on the degree of reception and interpretation of selected literary texts in which the multilateral view of the Shoah or Holocaust is thematized. The respondents of the research were pupils of all grades of the Czech lower-secondary school. After an introduction in which we present the research methodology and briefly outline the potential of artistic narratives that contain a multilateral view of the defined events, we present the results of the research investigation. A multilateral perspective not only on the phenomenon of the Shoah or the Holocaust can develop students´ ability to critically evaluate information and can hone their argumentation skills. Finally, these works prevent a schematic view of defined events, which can lead to the prevention of forming hasty opinions or making unfounded or unreasoned judgments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the paper was to assess the safety of riding shared e-scooters and determine the causes of accidents involving them. Primary data for the research were obtained through a combination of quantitative and qualitative content analysis based on deep learning by analysing data from the WoS database entered into the VOSviewer system. A quantitative observation method was used to determine the number of shared e-scooter users who do not use safety equipment such as helmets. The data obtained were processed using the Wilcoxon test designed to test the homogeneity of two random samples in the univariate case. The observation of shared e-scooter users and social networks of e-scooter service providers showed that safety equipment is not adequately used; in addition, the users often do not know the traffic rules and often violate them. Of the 256 monitored cases of using shared e-scooters, none of the users wore a safety helmet. It can thus be concluded that it is necessary to promote the rules of the safe use of shared e-scooters. Further research could focus on proposing a methodology for assessing traffic accidents involving e-scooters and a general overview of recommendations for e-scooter safe use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the behavior of investors in times of economic crises when investing in the S&P 500 Index, gold and the cryptocurrency Bitcoin. The results of the descriptive analysis show that the decision-making of investors in times of economic crises is reflected in the development of the S&P 500 Index by a decrease in average annual prices, the opposite is the case with gold, where there is a significant increase in the market price in times of crisis. This means that investors in crisis situations consider gold to protect their capital. An analysis of the tightness of the relationship between the S&P 500 Index and the price of gold based on monthly data by Pearson correlation confirmed a moderate inverse relationship. The cryptocurrency Bitcoin has seen a massive increase in market value during the Covid-19 pandemic due to the shift of business to the online world. As in the case of gold, from the perspective of investors, this cryptocurrency was seen as a way of protecting their investments and, in addition, the possibility of maintaining solvency even in a period of restrictions. Bitcoin and other virtual financial instruments seem to be a suitable alternative to gold investments in the 21st century during the crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper captures a cross-section of the dynamics of the semiotic political linguistic landscape (PLL) in Banska Bystrica. The PLL is perceived as a linguistic landscape (LL) used for political purposes, i.e. the LL that is used to express a political stance in order to agitate, argue and defend specific politically attuned positions. The urban space contains reminiscences of the electoral struggle ahead of the 2022 local elections. The main objective was to analyse and compare chosen PLL with a time interval of one year. The author also notes the LL immediately after the Russian invasion of Ukraine in March 2022 and the reflection of these events in the semiotics of the LL. She confronts this spacial-temporal moment with the current state of affairs in March 2023. Through the methods of observation, description, analysis, and comparison, the author comes to conclusion about the misuse of the themes of war and war refugee and leavers for political reasons reflected in the LL semiotics. The research results show value clashes reflected by the layering of the studied signs, which are manifested by dialogicality and expressiveness often caused by the anonymity of their interlocutors. The study concludes that the dynamics of the LL narrative is strongly influenced by the state of war in the neighbouring country, not only in the static signs but also in the mobile signs found and examined in the LL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]