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1. Risk prediction tools in cardiovascular disease prevention: A report from the ESC Prevention of CVD Programme led by the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) in collaboration with the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association (ACCA) and the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions (ACNAP)

Author: Xavier Rossello, Jannick AN Dorresteijn, Arne Janssen, Ekaterini Lambrinou, Martijn Scherrenberg, Eric Bonnefoy-Cudraz, Mark Cobain, Massimo F Piepoli, Frank LJ Visseren, Paul Dendale, null This paper is a co-publication betw, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III [Madrid, Spain] (CNIC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), University Medical Center [Utrecht], Jessa Ziekenhuis [Hasselt], Cyprus University of Technology, Hasselt University (UHasselt), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de Cardiologie Lyon (Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL]), Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Imperial College London, University of Southern California (USC), Rossello, Xavier/0000-0001-6783-8463, Rossello, Xavier, Dorresteijn, Jannick A. N., JANSSEN, Arne, Lambrinou, Ekaterini, SCHERRENBERG, Martijn, Bonnefoy-Cudraz, Eric, Cobain, Mark, Piepoli, Massimo F., Visseren, Frank L. J., DENDALE, Paul, CarMeN, laboratoire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Allied Health Personnel, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical and Health Sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, prevention, Risk Factors, cardiovascular disease, Preventive Health Services, Advanced and Specialised Nursing, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cardiovascular nursing, Societies, Medical, Aged, 80 and over, biology, risk assessment, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Risk prediction, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Preventive cardiology, Europe, Primary Prevention, Medical–Surgical Nursing, Cardiovascular Diseases, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Female, patient, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Risk assessment, Algorithms, Adult, Cardiovascular Nursing, medicine.medical_specialty, Critical Care, Clinical Decision-Making, Cardiology, Decision Support Techniques, 03 medical and health sciences, Predictive Value of Tests, Health Sciences, Medical–Surgical, medicine, Humans, Medical history, Intensive care medicine, Association (psychology), Aged, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, patient Keywords Risk prediction, Acca, Models, Statistical, business.industry, biology.organism_classification, Lifetime risk, business, Forecasting
Abstract: Risk assessment and risk prediction have become essential in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Even though risk prediction tools are recommended in the European guidelines, they are not adequately implemented in clinical practice. Risk prediction tools are meant to estimate prognosis in an unbiased and reliable way and to provide objective information on outcome probabilities. They support informed treatment decisions about the initiation or adjustment of preventive medication. Risk prediction tools facilitate risk communication to the patient and their family, and this may increase commitment and motivation to improve their health. Over the years many risk algorithms have been developed to predict 10-year cardiovascular mortality or lifetime risk in different populations, such as in healthy individuals, patients with established cardiovascular disease and patients with diabetes mellitus. Each risk algorithm has its own limitations, so different algorithms should be used in different patient populations. Risk algorithms are made available for use in clinical practice by means of - usually interactive and online available - tools. To help the clinician to choose the right tool for the right patient, a summary of available tools is provided. When choosing a tool, physicians should consider medical history, geographical region, clinical guidelines and additional risk measures among other things. Currently, the website is the only risk prediction tool providing prediction algorithms for all patient categories, and its implementation in clinical practice is suggested/advised by the European Association of Preventive Cardiology. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: this paper was produced within the framework of the ESC Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Programme which is led by the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) in collaboration with the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association (ACCA) and the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions (ACNAP). The ESC Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Programme is supported by unrestricted educational grants. The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Rossello, X (corresponding author), Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc CNIC Carlos III, Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain. fjrossello@cnic.es
Published: 2020

2. Dabigatran in patients with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MANAGE) : an international, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Author: P J Devereaux, Emmanuelle Duceppe, Gordon Guyatt, Vikas Tandon, Reitze Rodseth, Bruce M Biccard, Denis Xavier, Wojciech Szczeklik, Christian S Meyhoff, Jessica Vincent, Maria Grazia Franzosi, Sadeesh K Srinathan, Jason Erb, Patrick Magloire, John Neary, Mangala Rao, Prashant V Rahate, Navneet K Chaudhry, Bongani Mayosi, Miriam de Nadal, Pilar Paniagua Iglesias, Otavio Berwanger, Juan Carlos Villar, Fernando Botto, John W Eikelboom, Daniel I Sessler, Clive Kearon, Shirley Pettit, Mukul Sharma, Stuart J Connolly, Shrikant I Bangdiwala, Purnima Rao-Melacini, Andreas Hoeft, Salim Yusuf, P.J. Devereaux, Shrikant I. Bangdiwala, Stuart Connolly, John Eikelboom, Janice Pogue, Daniel I. Sessler, Sara Di Diodato, Zora Gasic, Louise J. Mastrangelo, Sarah H. Molnar, Jennifer L. Swanson, Makayla L. Tosh, Jennifer R. Wells, Rafael Diaz, Clara K. Chow, Beatriz Gonzales, Skarlet Vásquez, Petr Jansky, Radovan Dušek, Christian S. Meyhoff, Pierre Coriat, Maria Wittmann, Gerald Yonga, Nandini Mathur, Elena Seletti, German Malaga, Bernadette A. Tumanan-Mendoza, Maria Pamela A. Tagle, Bruce M. Biccard, Pablo Alonso-Coello, Ekaterine Popova, Martin Shields, Yannick Le Manach, Paul Moayyedi, Sander van Zanten, Edith Fleischmann, Amit Garg, Kamilu Karaye, Edward McFalls, Alben Sigamani, Emilie Belley-Côté, Grzegorz Biedroń, Flavia Borges, Steffan Frosi Stella, Christian Haarmark Nielsen, Darryl P. Leong, Jessica Spence, Allen Tran, Katarzyna Wawrzycka-Adamczyk, Stephen S. Yang, Terence Yung, D. George Wyse, Davy Cheng, David E. Johnstone, George A. Wells, Philip Joseph, Ameen Patel, Krysten Gregus, Kelly Lawrence, Lindsay Doharris, David Conen, Jason Cheung, Jim Douketis, Douglas Wright, Spencer Wikkerink, William Dechert, Mohamed Panju, Khalid Azzam, Theodore Rapanos, Tomas Van Helder, Anjali Shroff, Jacqueline Hare, Biniam Kidane, Thang Nguyen, Larissa Leydier, Vanessa Bayaraa, Joel Parlow, Deborah A. DuMerton, Amar Thakrar, Jessica Shelley, Benoit Deligne, Roberta Daila Carling, Marko Mrkobrada, George K. Dresser, Michael J. Jacka, David Hornstein, Gerrit B. Winkelaar, Zoeb Hussain Haider, Pravina Prashant Lanjewar, Valsamma Varughese, Rajneesh Calton, Hemani Ahuja, Preetha George, Ambika Sharma, Keyur Sureshchandra Bhatt, Dhaval Odhavajibhai Mangukiya, Karshan Vira Nandaniya, Viral Vasantrai Parekh, Ashok Bhaskaran Pillai, Vidya P. Menon, Sanjay Channappa Desai, Ravinder Singh Sidhu, Sandeep Kumar Gupta, Robbie K. George, T.R. Gurunath, Leanne W. Drummond, Alexandra M. Torborg, Belinda S. Küsel, Prebashini Naidoo, Datshana P. Naidoo, Chantal Rajah, Zane Farina, Richard Peter von Rahden, Simphiwe Gumede, Chishala Chishala, Ettienne Coetzee, Robert A. Dyer, Johan Diedericks, Piotr Bielański, Bogusz Kaczmarek, Dorota Studzińska, Maciej Zaniewski, Marek Józef Libura, Tomasz Mikołaj Zacharias-Nalichowski, Aurelia A.S. Sega, Jakub Salwa, Mateusz Kózka, Jacek Górka, Anna Wludarczyk, Ilona Nowak-Kózka, Paweł Szczepan Grudzień, Jaroslaw W. Gucwa, Michał Piotr Słowiaczek, Paweł P.D. Dobosz, Ismail Gögenur, Jens Ravn Eriksen, Tine Borup, Tove Kirkegaard, Dan Isbye, Asger Sonne, Lars S. Rasmussen, Sofie Pedersen, Hannibal Troensegaard, Camilla L. Duus, Benedikte M. Halle, Ossian N. Gundel, Katrine F. Bernholm, Kristian Rønsholt Martinsen, Søren Pedersen, Theis S. Itenov, Elena Camio, Carles Vázquez, Silvia Matarin, Esther Cano, Jesús Álvarez-García, Inmaculada India, Aránzazu González-Osuna, Marc Vives, Elena Rosselló, Ana B. Serrano, Maurizio Turiel, Lorenzo Drago, Chiara Colombo, Federica Marra, Lucio Mos, Franco Arteni, Rosalba Lembo, Alessandro Ortalda, Simonetta Passarani, Zhirajr Mokini, Estevao Lanna Figueiredo, Gustavo Fonseca Werner, Joao Luiz Petriz, Lilia Nigro Maia, Ricardo R. Bergo, Dalton Bertolim Precoma, José Francisco Kerr Saraiva, Oscar Gomez Vilamajo, Eduardo Allegrini, Mariano Benzadón, Maria Leonor Parody, Ernesto A. Duronto, Adrián C. Ingaramo, Gustavo Adolfo Parra, Danny Novoa, Scott A. Miller, Sabu Thomas, Sudhakar P. Karlapudi, Mohamad H. Bourji, Subhash Banerjee, Anita Gupta, Isaac O. Opole, Michal Fischer, Victor Lecaros Mendoza, Eugenio Borja Reyes, Richard J. Pierson, Martin O. Shields, Vincent Piriou, Kai Zacharowski, Aida Rotta-Rotta, Main Paper, Sadeesh K. Srinathan, Prashant Rahate, Navneet Chaudhry, Bogani Mayosi, and Mike Sharma
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Myocardial Infarction, Placebo-controlled study, Hemorrhage, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Placebo, Antithrombins, Dabigatran, law.invention, Peripheral Arterial Disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, 030202 anesthesiology, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Perioperative Period, Stroke, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Proton Pump Inhibitors, Thrombosis, Venous Thromboembolism, General Medicine, Perioperative, Placebo Effect, medicine.disease, Troponin, Clinical trial, Treatment Outcome, Female, business, Omeprazole, medicine.drug
Abstract: Summary Background Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) increases the risk of cardiovascular events and deaths, which anticoagulation therapy could prevent. Dabigatran prevents perioperative venous thromboembolism, but whether this drug can prevent a broader range of vascular complications in patients with MINS is unknown. The MANAGE trial assessed the potential of dabigatran to prevent major vascular complications among such patients. Methods In this international, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, we recruited patients from 84 hospitals in 19 countries. Eligible patients were aged at least 45 years, had undergone non-cardiac surgery, and were within 35 days of MINS. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive dabigatran 110 mg orally twice daily or matched placebo for a maximum of 2 years or until termination of the trial and, using a partial 2-by-2 factorial design, patients not taking a proton-pump inhibitor were also randomly assigned (1:1) to omeprazole 20 mg once daily, for which results will be reported elsewhere, or matched placebo to measure its effect on major upper gastrointestinal complications. Research personnel randomised patients through a central 24 h computerised randomisation system using block randomisation, stratified by centre. Patients, health-care providers, data collectors, and outcome adjudicators were masked to treatment allocation. The primary efficacy outcome was the occurrence of a major vascular complication, a composite of vascular mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-haemorrhagic stroke, peripheral arterial thrombosis, amputation, and symptomatic venous thromboembolism. The primary safety outcome was a composite of life-threatening, major, and critical organ bleeding. Analyses were done according to the intention-to-treat principle. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01661101. Findings Between Jan 10, 2013, and July 17, 2017, we randomly assigned 1754 patients to receive dabigatran (n=877) or placebo (n=877); 556 patients were also randomised in the omeprazole partial factorial component. Study drug was permanently discontinued in 401 (46%) of 877 patients allocated to dabigatran and 380 (43%) of 877 patients allocated to placebo. The composite primary efficacy outcome occurred in fewer patients randomised to dabigatran than placebo (97 [11%] of 877 patients assigned to dabigatran vs 133 [15%] of 877 patients assigned to placebo; hazard ratio [HR] 0·72, 95% CI 0·55–0·93; p=0·0115). The primary safety composite outcome occurred in 29 patients (3%) randomised to dabigatran and 31 patients (4%) randomised to placebo (HR 0·92, 95% CI 0·55–1·53; p=0·76). Interpretation Among patients who had MINS, dabigatran 110 mg twice daily lowered the risk of major vascular complications, with no significant increase in major bleeding. Patients with MINS have a poor prognosis; dabigatran 110 mg twice daily has the potential to help many of the 8 million adults globally who have MINS to reduce their risk of a major vascular complication. Funding Boehringer Ingelheim and Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
Published: 2018

3. Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale

Author: Bruce Paper, Susan Grinslade, Hongjuan Jing, and Laurie Quinn
Subjects: Adult, Gerontology, Psychometrics, United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study, Population, Type 2 diabetes, Surveys and Questionnaires, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, education, General Nursing, Aged, Glycemic, Aged, 80 and over, Type 1 diabetes, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Obesity, Self Efficacy, Self Care, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Factor Analysis, Statistical, business
Abstract: Background and Purpose: No scales measure self-efficacy in women with Type 2 diabetes. A scale was developed and tested. Methods: Items generated, content validity index (CVI) assessed by experts, the 2-part Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (DSLF-I and DSLF-II) was piloted with 62 women, administered to 208 women, and then readministered to 30 women to determine initial reliability. Factor analysis was conducted for construct validity. Discriminant, convergent, and predictive validity was examined. Results: The CVI index was 98%. Cronbach's alphas were 0.88 (DSLF-I) and 0.82 (DSLF-II; pilot) and 0.87 and 0.86, respectively (main study); test-retest correlation was .60 (DSLF-I) and .69 (DSLF-II). There were 3 factors that emerged: diabetes knowledge of self-care activity, diabetes diet self-care, and diabetes medication self-care. Conclusions: The Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale demonstrates good initial reliability and validity.Keywords: instrument development; self-efficacy; diabetes mellitus Type 2; reliability; validity; factor analysisDiabetes mellitus affects 8.3% of the population in the United States, or 25.8 million people. More than 7 million people are estimated to be undiagnosed and unaware they have the disease (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2011). Approximately 90%-95% of persons with diabetes have Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The San Antonio Heart Study revealed a rising incidence of T2DM, with age, ethnicity, and neighborhood as significant predictors of T2DM (Burke et al., 1999).Although T2DM affects all ethnic and gender groups, there is a disparate effect. For example, African Americans are 1.6 times more likely to have diabetes than Whites and are more likely to go undiagnosed American Diabetes Association (ADA, 2005a). Complications from T2DM are also more prevalent in minority populations (Carter, Pugh, & Monterosa, 1996). In addition, diabetic women, compared to diabetic men, have a significantly higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and suffer greater adverse outcomes (D'Arrigo, 1999; Gu, Cowie, & Harris, 1999; Howard et al., 1998; Smitherman & Reis, 1997). Further, Sowers (1998) reported that the gender protectiveness for coronary heart disease (CHD) declines in women between the ages of 50 and 59 years, and that the loss of gender protectiveness increases the risk ratio for CHD to 3.5 for women with diabetes compared to 2.4 for men with diabetes (p. 618). Koerbel and Korytkowski (2003) stated that women with diabetes not only have greater risk for cardiovascular disease but they also suffer greater adverse outcomes. They cite several factors, which increase this risk in women: poorer glycemic control, elevated blood pressure and lipids, central obesity, increased depression and lower socioeconomic status. These factors contribute to increased morbidity and health care costs for women with diabetes. These data support the need for more research into prevention, detection, and cost-effective methods to effectively manage T2DM and prevent its complications in women.Maintenance of health and prevention of diabetic complications require significant changes in lifestyle management and adherence to a therapeutic diabetic regimen. Behavior change and adherence are not only difficult but are also often inadequate to maintain recommended glycemic control (Anderson, Fitzgerald, & Oh, 1993; Skelly, Marshall, Haughey, Davis, & Dunford, 1995). The importance of participation in diabetic self-care behavior in achieving glycemic control has been demonstrated by the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group (1993) for individuals with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and by the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study Group (1998) for individuals with T2DM. This goal is accomplished through a therapeutic alliance among clients, family, and health care providers to promote self-care behaviors and therapeutic modalities (ADA, 2005b). Self-care behaviors include a combination of changing or modifying eating habits, maintaining weight or achieving weight loss, participating in a physical exercise program, self-monitoring of blood glucose, and/or taking oral or injectable medication. …
Published: 2015

4. 'You Are Not Alone' Strategies for Addressing Mental Health and Health Promotion with a Refugee Women's Sewing Group

Author: Rebekah J. Salt, Emma L. Dotson, Margaret E. Costantino, and Bruce Paper
Subjects: Adult, Community-Based Participatory Research, Refugee, 050109 social psychology, Pilot Projects, Health Promotion, Social Environment, Health Services Accessibility, 03 medical and health sciences, Social support, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life (healthcare), Nursing, Intervention (counseling), Medicine, Vulnerable population, Humans, Mass Screening, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Refugees, business.industry, Mental Disorders, fungi, 05 social sciences, food and beverages, Social environment, Social Support, Emigration and Immigration, Middle Aged, Mental health, Texas, Community Mental Health Services, Group Processes, Health promotion, Quality of Life, Health Resources, Female, Pshychiatric Mental Health, business
Abstract: Resettlement can be an uncertain time for refugees as they have often suffered life-threatening circumstances prior to flight from their countries, yet few resettlement programs screen for mental health. The purpose of this study was to pilot the Refugee Health Screener-15 (RHS-15) to assess mental health and the Pathways to Wellness intervention to identify internal and structural barriers affecting resettlement with a refugee women's sewing group. Community collaborations that create healthy social and physical environments through access to resources, economic opportunities, and social support promote a holistic approach to health and can improve quality of life for this vulnerable population.
Published: 2017

5. In vivo treatment with the herbal phenylethanoid acteoside ameliorates intestinal inflammation in dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis

Author: D. H. Paper, Juergen Schoelmerich, Florian Obermeier, Nadja Dunger, K. Menzel, Werner Falk, Gerhard Rogler, Martin Hausmann, K. Balan, and Hans H Herfarth
Subjects: Necrosis, Colon, medicine.medical_treatment, Immunology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Inflammatory bowel disease, Antioxidants, Mice, Glucosides, Phenols, Weight Loss, medicine, Animals, Immunology and Allergy, Mesenteric lymph nodes, Intestinal Mucosa, Colitis, Acute colitis, Peroxidase, Respiratory Burst, Mice, Inbred BALB C, business.industry, Macrophages, Dextran Sulfate, Interleukin, medicine.disease, Respiratory burst, Cytokine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Acute Disease, Chronic Disease, Animal Studies, Cytokines, Female, Lymph Nodes, Inflammation Mediators, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Summary Recently we demonstrated that in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) macrophage-oxidative burst activity is increased and NADPH oxidase mRNA is induced. The herbal phenylethanoid acteoside isolated from Plantago lanceolata L. was shown to exhibit anti-oxidative potential. Using the dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model, in this study we have assessed whether systemic application of acteoside affects colitis. Colitis was induced by DSS in Balb/c mice. Treatment with acteoside (120, 600 µg/mouse/day) was performed intraperitoneally. The colon lengths were determined. Colonic tissue was scored histologically (max. score 8) by a blinded investigator. T cells isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were stimulated with anti-CD3 antibody in the presence of interleukin (IL)-2 (final concentration 10 U/ml). After incubation for 24 h, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ levels in supernatants were analysed by the beadlyte® cytokine detection system. Histological scoring of colonic tissue revealed that application of acteoside was followed by a significantly improved histological score. In acute colitis the histological score was 3·2 with acteoside versus 5·2 with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (P
Published: 2007

6. Investigation of the Origanum onites L. Essential Oil Using the Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay

Author: Fatih Demirci, K. Hüsnü Can Başer, D. H. Paper, Gerhard Franz, Anadolu Üniversitesi, Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı, Demirci, Fatih, and Başer, K. Hüsnü Can
Subjects: Monoterpene, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Angiogenesis Inhibitors, Gc-Ms, Cyclohexane Monoterpenes, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Allantois, In vivo, law, Oils, Volatile, Animals, Carvacrol, Food science, Thymol, Essential oil, Chromatography, biology, Chorion, General Chemistry, Origanum onites, Origanum, biology.organism_classification, Origanurn Onites L, Essential Oil, Chorioallantoic membrane, Chorioallantoic Membrane (Cam)-Assay, chemistry, Monoterpenes, Cymenes, Female, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Chickens
Abstract: 3rd World Congress on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants for Human Welfare (WOCMAP-III) -- FEB 03-07, 2003 -- CHIANG MAI, THAILAND, WOS: 000188366300017, PubMed ID: 14733504, The in vivo test on the chorioallantoic membrane of the fertilized hen's egg (CAM assay) is a current method to determine antiangiogenic, antiinflammatory activity and toxic effects of individual compounds or complex plant extracts. The method is used for testing natural compounds in small amounts for revealing various modes of action and the complex mechanisms related to angiogenesis and inflammation. Furthermore, possible side effects Such as membrane irritation, toxic, and anticoagulant properties of the investigated material in question can be detected. For the evaluation, the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of Origanum onites L., a common spice and medicinal plant, was tested for its effect in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The essential oil composition was revealed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Eighty three components were identified, representing 99.1% of the total oil. Carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene, and gamma-terpinene were found as major components and were also individually tested in the CAM assay. Along with the monoterpenes carvacrol and thymol, their methyl ether derivatives were also examined for comparison of their physiological action. Neither the essential oil nor its components showed any pronounced antiinflammatory or antiangiogenic property in the CAM assay, at 10-250 mug/pellet. However, the irritant effect of the essential oil was linked to thymol in a dose-response fashion, up to 10 mug/pellet, where it was still showing irritation.
Published: 2003

7. Hypoglycemic, anticomplement and anti-HIV activities of Spathodea campanulata stem bark

Author: G. Laekeman, E. De Clercq, A. J. Vlietinck, Myriam Witvrouw, Gerhard Franz, G. Niyonzima, B. Van Poel, Luc Pieters, and D. H. Paper
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Anti-HIV Agents, Pharmaceutical Science, Decoction, In Vitro Techniques, Biology, Pharmacology, Plant Epidermis, Mice, Complement Inactivator Proteins, Column chromatography, Drug Discovery, medicine, Animals, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Gabon, Stem bark, Glucose tolerance test, Plants, Medicinal, medicine.diagnostic_test, Plant Extracts, Anti hiv, Glucose Tolerance Test, biology.organism_classification, Complementary and alternative medicine, Molecular Medicine, Spathodea, Female
Abstract: Spathodea campanulata stem bark decoction (SCD) has shown hypoglycemic activity in mice. It was separated by column chromatography into different fractions, which were evaluated for their hypoglycemic, anticomplement and anti-HIV activities. The most polar fraction exerted by far the most prominent effect in different biological models.
Published: 1999

8. Ilex aquifolium: Protection Against Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Lipid Peroxidation

Author: D. H. Paper, Klaus Müller, and Klaus Ziereis
Subjects: Antioxidant, Neutrophils, Leukotriene B4, Rutin, medicine.medical_treatment, Pharmaceutical Science, Hyperoside, Mice, Inbred Strains, Analytical Chemistry, Lipid peroxidation, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biosynthesis, Chlorogenic acid, Drug Discovery, medicine, Animals, 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid, Lipoxygenase Inhibitors, Hydrogen peroxide, Skin, Brain Chemistry, Flavonoids, Pharmacology, Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase, Plants, Medicinal, Plant Extracts, Organic Chemistry, Complementary and alternative medicine, chemistry, Biochemistry, Deoxyribose, Liposomes, Molecular Medicine, Cattle, Female, Quercetin, Lipid Peroxidation, Medicine, Traditional, Chlorogenic Acid
Abstract: The ethanolic extract of Ilex aquifolium L. (Aquifoliaceae) concentration-dependently inhibited leukotriene B4 biosynthesis in isolated bovine PMNL with an IC50 value of about 60 micrograms/ml, whereas the effect on epidermal 12(S)-HETE biosynthesis was much less pronounced. The extract also inhibited the non-enzymatic, peroxyl radical-stimulated lipid peroxidation in model membranes and was further a scavenger of the iron-dependent generation of hydroxyl radicals from hydrogen peroxide as determined by protection against deoxyribose degradation. While inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis was not mediated by its known phenolic constituents such as hyperoside, rutoside, and chlorogenic acid, these compounds were responsible for the inhibitory effects of I. aquifolium against non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation and deoxyribose degradation.
Published: 1998

9. Detained adolescents' attitudes about pregnancy and parenthood

Author: Bruce Paper, Patricia J. Kelly, and Janna Lesser
Subjects: Male, Parents, Adolescent, Population, Logistic regression, Developmental psychology, Pregnancy, medicine, Juvenile, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner, Humans, Justice (ethics), education, education.field_of_study, people.profession, medicine.disease, Juvenile detention, Health promotion, Cross-Sectional Studies, Adolescent Behavior, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, Psychology, people, Attitude to Health
Abstract: Introduction The purpose of this study was to examine attitudes and behaviors associated with parenthood and pregnancy among adolescents in the juvenile justice system. Method A cross-sectional survey of attitudes and behaviors about parenthood was conducted with 300 adolescents residing in three juvenile detention centers. Results Data revealed high rates of risky behaviors that resulted in parenthood/pregnancy and generally positive attitudes about being an adolescent parent. Positive attitudes about parenthood (P = .000) and lower self-efficacy to not have sex (P = .021) were significantly correlated with having been pregnant or having fathered a child. Logistic regression showed positive attitudes about parenthood and the combination of drinking and driving together were significant predictors of pregnancy (P ≤ .05). Discussion Pediatric nurse practitioners working with adolescents in the juvenile justice system who routinely provide prevention counseling and implement health promotion programs must take into account the reality that many adolescents in this population are or will become parents and do not consider pregnancy as an outcome to be necessarily avoided. Moving beyond primary and secondary prevention strategies to implement programs to prevent second pregnancies and enhance parenting skills will provide needed health benefits to these adolescent parents.
Published: 2007

10. Antenatal manifestation of congenital pancreatoblastoma in a fetus with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Author: G. P. e. l. i. z. z. o., . G. Conoscenti, Vesce, Fortunato, Guerrini, . P., Cavazzini AUTHOR CORRECTIONS: Two of the author names in the above paper, . L., published in the April issue of Prenatal Diagnosis, The correct names are Fortunato Vesce, were supplied e. r. r. o. n. e. o. u. s. l. y., and The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused, Pietro G. u. e. r. r. i. n. i.
Subjects: congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Pancreatic disease, Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome, Pregnancy, High-Risk, Pancreatoblastoma, Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome, Prenatal diagnosis, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Pregnancy, Neoplasms, medicine, complications/pathology/ultrasonography, Humans, Prenatal, Cyst, Tomography, Genetics (clinical), Ultrasonography, Fetus, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Infant, complications/surgery/ultrasonography, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, complications/pathology/ultrasonography, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Maternal Age, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal, complications/surgery/ultrasonography, Pancreatic Neoplasms, complications/surgery/ultrasonography, Pregnancy, Pregnancy, High-Risk, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome, Ultrasonography, Newborn, Uniparental disomy, X-Ray Computed, Pancreatic Neoplasms, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment Outcome, Female, High-Risk, Pancreas, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Maternal Age
Abstract: Antenatal detection of an isolated abdominal cyst was found to be a pancreatoblastoma in a female fetus with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Prenatal and post-natal features and management of this very rare tumour are discussed. Molecular investigation disclosed a mosaic paternal 11p15 uniparental disomy in the tumoral cells. The prognosis of a congenital pancreatoblastoma is good if complete surgical excision is achieved. However, the association with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome requires a prolonged follow-up because of the increased risk of developing malignant tumours.
Published: 2003

11. Structurally related immunological effects of triterpenoid saponins

Author: M, Bernhardt, C, Sturm, K H, Shaker, D H, Paper, G, Franz, and K, Seifert
Subjects: Immunity, Cellular, Plants, Medicinal, Macrophages, Tetrazolium Salts, In Vitro Techniques, Saponins, Lymphocyte Activation, Triterpenes, Cell Line, Mice, Structure-Activity Relationship, Thiazoles, Phagocytosis, Mice, Inbred DBA, Animals, Female, Cell Division, Cells, Cultured, Spleen
Abstract: The influence of the triterpenoid saponins 1-10 has been investigated on murine spleenocytes in the lymphocyte transformation test and on murine macrophages in an phagocytosis assay. The lymphocyte transformation test and the phagocytosis assay showed that the tested compounds have no stimulating effect. However, a significant inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by the triterpenoid saponins 2, 6 and 10 was demonstrated.
Published: 2001

12. Gynaecological complications in women with bleeding disorders

Author: Paper R
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, General surgery, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic, Hemorrhage, Hematology, General Medicine, Coagulation Protein Disorders, Hemophilia A, Surgery, von Willebrand Diseases, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Female, business, Genital Diseases, Female, Genetics (clinical)
Published: 2000

13. Selective inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis by the polysulphated carbohydrate l-carrageenan

Author: Walter Woodrow Burns, Richard Hoffman, and D. H. Paper
Subjects: Male, Cancer Research, TGF alpha, Angiogenesis, medicine.medical_treatment, Basic fibroblast growth factor, Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Toxicology, Carrageenan, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Endothelium, Cells, Cultured, Pharmacology, DNA synthesis, Cell growth, Growth factor, Prostatic Neoplasms, DNA, DNA, Neoplasm, Molecular biology, Growth Inhibitors, Endothelial stem cell, Oncology, chemistry, Biochemistry, Cell culture, Depression, Chemical, Female, Fibroblast Growth Factor 2, Cell Division
Abstract: l-Carrageenan is a polysulphated carbohydrate that antagonises some heparin-binding growth factors. We assessed the effect of l-carrageenan on the proliferation of a panel of cell lines, some of which require heparin-binding growth factors for mitogenesis. The importance of growth factor antagonism for the anti-proliferative activity was also determined. Cell proliferation was determined by cell counts and a tetrazolium dye (MTT) assay, and DNA synthesis was determined by thymidine incorporation. The proliferation of the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-dependent endothelial cell line FBHE was inhibited by daily administration of l-carrageenan in a dose-dependent manner [concentration inhibiting cell growth by 50% (IC50 value), approx. 0.5 microgram/ml]. However, excess bFGF did not reverse the inhibitory effect. DNA synthesis was completely inhibited by concentrations of l-carrageenan that nonetheless allowed significant protein synthesis to occur. The proliferation of the androgen-dependent prostate-carcinoma cell line LNCaP was also inhibited by l-carrageenan (IC50 value, 5.5 micrograms/ml) and the cells were arrested at the G1/S boundary. l-Carrageenan inhibited DNA synthesis in MCF-7 cells stimulated by bFGF and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) but not in those stimulated by insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Blocking IGF-1-mediated DNA synthesis with anti-IGF-1 receptor antibody alpha IR3 enhanced the inhibitory activity of l-carrageenan against MCF-7 cells grown in serum. A number of other transformed and non-transformed cell lines were either partially inhibited or not inhibited by l-carrageenan. l-Carrageenan had low anti-coagulant activity. l-Carrageenan is a selective anti-proliferative agent and warrants further investigation for anti-angiogenic therapy (in view of its activity against endothelial cells) and for the treatment of androgen-dependent prostate cancer.
Published: 1995

14. [Polysaccharides from Nerium oleander: structure and biological activity]

Author: B M, Müller, F, Rosskopf, D H, Paper, J, Kraus, and G, Franz
Subjects: Male, Mice, Inbred C3H, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Plants, Medicinal, Cell Survival, Plant Extracts, Hydrolysis, Macrophages, In Vitro Techniques, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, Methylation, Mice, Structure-Activity Relationship, Phagocytosis, Polysaccharides, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Animals, Immunologic Factors, Female, Protease Inhibitors, Lymphocytes, Mitogens, Limulus Test
Abstract: A water extraction of crushed leaves of Nerium oleander yielded 2.3% of a crude polysaccharide. The main fraction (67%) represents a pectic polysaccharide mainly composed of galacturonic acid besides rhamnose, arabinose and galactose. The polysaccharide structure was characterized by NMR, mild acid- and pectinase treatment combined with GC-MS analyses. In vivo tests for a possible antitumor activity did not result in a significant action. Investigation of immunomodulating activity brought some indications for mitogenic activity and a weak macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity. Increase of phagocytosis could not be doubtlessly assigned to the polysaccharide due to the high amount of endotoxin in the homogenous fraction OLE 2.
Published: 1991

15. Use of sulfonated primers to detect and type papillomavirus in cell cultures and cervical biopsies

Author: Michael Friedman, Israel Nur, and Thierry Paper
Subjects: Sexually transmitted disease, Biopsy, Molecular Sequence Data, Cervix Uteri, Biology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Primer dimer, Genetics, Humans, DNA Probes, HPV, Papillomaviridae, Polymerase chain reaction, Electroblotting, Cells, Cultured, Base Sequence, DNA–DNA hybridization, General Medicine, Virology, Molecular biology, Blotting, Southern, Poly C, chemistry, Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Recombinant DNA, Female, Primer (molecular biology), Ethidium bromide, Sulfur, Plasmids
Abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) was detected by using two sets of deoxyribonucleotide primers for differentiating between 'low-risk' types (HPV11 and HPV6) and 'high-risk' (hri) types (HPV16, HPV18 and HPV33). A new application of the Chemiprobe method for labeling DNA was used to detect products of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 36 cervical biopsies. This method, first demonstrated by Uchimura et al. (submitted), is based on the sulfonation of a polycytidylic acid tail of 5-20 monomers attached to the 5' end of either one or both of the PCR primers. This procedure can increase the sensitivity of detection of PCR products more than 100-fold with respect to ethidium bromide (EtdBr) staining. Various methods were used to detect hri HPV DNA in the 36 clinical samples. The number of positive results obtained was as follows, two by Southern-blot hybridization; five by PCR amplification followed by electrophoresis and detection of products by EtdBr staining; six by PCR amplification using one or two sulfonated C-tailed primers followed by electroblotting and immunoenzymatic visualization; and five by hybridization of sulfonated genomic viral recombinant with a PCR product immobilized on a membrane. The yield of the PCR product was significantly greater when one of the primers was C-tailed than when both or neither of the primers were C-tailed. PCR employing sulfonated C-tailed oligo primers is very specific and sensitive, and the entire procedure can be employed as a nonradioactive substitute for radioactive dot-blot or Southern-blot hybridization procedures, routinely used for detection of HPV in clinical samples.
Published: 1991

16. Age-dependent changes in tolerizability with rabbit gamma-globulin in the Biozzi high and low-responder lines of mice

Author: Katsuji Nakano, Short Papers, Brian H. Sabiston, and Bernhard Cinader
Subjects: Lipopolysaccharides, Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Lipopolysaccharide, Immunology, Age dependent, Biology, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, law.invention, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Immune system, law, Internal medicine, Immune Tolerance, medicine, Animals, Immunology and Allergy, B cell, Gamma globulin, Low responder, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunization, chemistry, Suppressor, Female, gamma-Globulins
Abstract: The antibody response to rabbit gamma-globulin (RGG) of high-responder, but not of low-responder Biozzi mice decreased with age. Injection with aggregate-freed RGG reduced the response of high-responder but not of low-responder mice to subsequent injections with aggregated RGG. This reduction in the antibody response, formed by high-responder mice, decreased with increasing age; aggregate-freed RGG appeared to sensitize 6-month-old low-responder mice to a subsequent injection with aggregated RGG. When animals, not pretreated with aggregate-freed RGG, were immunized with RGG and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the immune response was greatly enhanced. The response of both pretreated low and high responders was substantially smaller than that of corresponding animals which were not given aggregate-freed RGG, prior to immunization. LPS revealed an inhibitory effect on low-responder mice of aggregate-freed RGG, which was not detected upon immunization with heat-aggregated RGG alone. The involvement of nonspecific suppressor cells and of B cell tolerance in low-responder mice is discussed.
Published: 1979

17. Composition of the lymphoid cell populations from omental milky spots during the immune response in C57BL/Ka mice

Author: Robert V. Rouse, Bruno Kyewski, Short Paper, and Kazimir Dux
Subjects: B-Lymphocytes, Stromal cell, medicine.drug_class, T-Lymphocytes, Immunology, Cell, Mice, Inbred Strains, T lymphocyte, Biology, Monoclonal antibody, Mice, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lymphatic system, Immune system, Antigen, medicine, Animals, Immunology and Allergy, Cytotoxic T cell, Female, Lymphocytes, Omentum
Abstract: The lymphoid cell composition of milky spots was analyzed in unprimed mice before and after i.p. immunization with sheep red blood cells. Milky spots contained surface immunoglobulin-positive B lymphocytes, and T cells of the helper and cytotoxic phenotype. After secondary antigen challenge (a) the number of lymphocytes increased up to 40-fold, (b) B and T cells were found to segregate into distinct areas in situ, and (c) lymphocytes were found to associate with I-A-negative stromal cells in vivo. These findings qualify milky spots as a peripheral lymphoid organ exhibiting a remarkable change in number and composition of lymphocytes in response to a local antigen stimulus.
Published: 1986

18. The migration of lymphocytes in the fetal lamb

Author: R.N.P. Cahill, D.C. Poskitt, John B. Hay, Short Paper, Iver Heron, and Z. Trnka
Subjects: Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, T-Lymphocytes, Immunology, Sheep fetus, Spleen, Thoracic Duct, Fetus, Antigen, Cell Movement, Pregnancy, Intestine, Small, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Animals, Lymphocytes, Lung, Sheep, biology, Small intestine, Chromium Radioisotopes, medicine.anatomical_structure, Liver, embryonic structures, Fetal lamb, biology.protein, Female, Lymph, Antibody
Abstract: The migration of 51Cr-labeled autologous lymphocytes from intestinal or prescapular lymph was compared in fetal lambs and adult sheep. A subpopulation of lymphocytes present in intestinal lymph of adults which migrated to the small intestine was not found in fetal intestinal lymph. There were marked differences in the migration of fetal and adult lymphocytes to the lungs and liver. In spite of the absence of circulating antibodies or immunoglobulins and of extrinsic antigen in the immunologically virgin sheep fetus, the circulation of lymphocytes through the spleen and lymph nodes of fetal lambs was more intense than in the adult.
Published: 1979

19. Comparison of a Barcode-Based Smartphone Application to a Questionnaire to Assess the Use of Cleaning Products at Home and Their Association with Asthma Symptoms

Author: Lemire, Pierre, Temam, Sofia, Quinot, Catherine, Sévin, Etienne, Remacle, Sophie, Supernant, Karine, Dumas, Orianne, Le Moual, Nicole, Eyriey, E., Licinia, A., Vellement, A., Pin, Isabelle, Hofmann, P., Hullo, Églantine, Llerena, Catherine, Morin, X., Morlot, A., Lepeule, Johanna, Lyon-Caen, Sarah, Philippat, Claire, Quentin, Joane, Siroux, Valérie, Slama, Rémy, Faraldo, Beatrice, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, MGEN Foundation for Public Health [Paris] (FESP-MGEN), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), EpiConcept [Paris], The Sepages Study Group., Fondation d’entreprise MGEN pour la santé publique (FESP MGEN), Anses-PNR-EST-2015-1-022/Ademe-1594C0091, Anses-PNR-EST-2017-1-101/Ademe-1762C0021 Seventh Framework Programme, FP7: FP7/2007-206, N308333-HELIX European Research Council, ERC: N 311765-E-DOHaD Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR: 14-CE21-0007-01, 19-CE36-0003-01, ANR 18-CE36-005, ANR-12-PDOC-0029-01, ANR-15-IDEX, ANR-15-IDEX-02 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm Fondation de France: CLI-MATHES—00081169 Commissariat Général à l'Investissement, CGI Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail, ANSES: PNR-EST-2018-1-264 Agir pour les Maladies Chroniques, Acknowledgments: We acknowledge the role of SEPAGES cohort study group: E. Eyriey, A. Licinia, A. Vellement (Groupe Hospitalier Mutualiste, Grenoble), I. Pin, P. Hofmann, E. Hullo, C. Llerena (Grenoble University Hospital, La Tronche), X. Morin (Clinique des Cèdres, Echirolles), A. Morlot (Clinique Belledonne, Saint-Martin d’Hères), J. Lepeule, S. Lyon-Caen, C. Philippat, I. Pin, J. Quentin, V. Siroux, R. Slama (Inserm, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes IAB research center). We thank A. Benlakhryfa, L. Borges, Y. Gioria, clinical research assistants, J. Giraud, M. Marceau, M.-P. Martin, nurses, E. Charvet, A. Putod, midwives, M. Graca, K. Gridel, C. Pelini, fieldworkers, K. Guichardet, A. Levanic, C. Martel, E. Quinteiro neuropsychologists, the sta↵ from Grenoble Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC): J.-L. Cracowski, C. Cracowski, E. Hodaj, D. Abry, N. Gonnet and A. Tournier. A warm thank you also to M. Althuser, S. Althuser, F. Camus-Chauvet, P. Dusonchet, S. Dusonchet, L. Emery, P. Fabbrizio, P. Ho↵mann, D. Marchal André, X. Morin, E. Opoix, L. Pacteau, P. Rivoire, A. Royannais, C. Tomasella, T. Tomasella, D. Tournadre, P. Viossat, E. Volpi, S. Rey, E. Warembourg and clinicians from Grenoble University Hospital for their support in the recruitment of the study volunteers. We also thank A. Buchet, S.F. Caraby, J.-N. Canonica, J. Dujourdil, E. Eyriey, P. Hofmann, M. Jeannin, A. Licina, X. Morin, A. Nicolas, and all midwives from the four maternity wards of Grenoble urban areas. We thank B. Chevolon, C. Cornes, A.S. Gauchez, D. Guergour, P. Faure, J. Arnaud for thyroid hormones assessment. We thank the team of L. Chaperod (EFS) for its implication on the immunological aspects of the project. We thank G. Uzu (IRD) and J.-L. Ja↵rezo (CNRS) for their implication on PM oxidative potential assessment. We thank F.-X. Leupert, O. Bonnet and L. Goirand for the access to the birth certificate database from the Conseil Général de l’Isère. Sépages biospecimens are stored at Grenoble University Hospital (CHU-GA) biobank (bb-0033-00069), we would like to thank the whole CRB team, led by P. Mossuz and P. Lorimier, and in particular the technicians for the huge work of biospecimens processing and pooling: W. Jayar and L. Than, as well as G. Schummer. The Internet platform for secured data collection was developed by Epiconcept Paris (E. Sevin, S. Ployart, A. Polaert). SEPAGES data are stored thanks to Inserm RE-CO-NAI platform funded by Commissariat Général à l’Investissement, with the implication of Sophie de Visme (Inserm DSI). Many thanks to M.A. Charles, RE-CO-NAI coordinator, for her support. Finally, and importantly, we would like to express our sincere thanks to participants of the SEPAGES study. The authors are grateful for the help received from Ines Taarit and Mathias Clément to update the cleaning products ingredients database., Funding: The cohort was supported by the European Research Council (consolidator grant N 311765-E-DOHaD, PI, R. Slama), by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-206, grant N308333-HELIX, PI, M. Vrijheid), by ANR, the French Research Agency (PAPER project ANR-12-PDOC-0029-01, PI, J. Lepeule, SHALCOH project, 14-CE21-0007-01, PI, R. Slama, GUMME project, PI, R. Slama, ETAPE ANR 18-CE36-005, PI, J. Lepeule, EDeN project 19-CE36-0003-01, SYMER project, ANR-15-IDEX-02, PI, U. Schlattner, Mobil’Air project, ANR-15-IDEX, PI, S. Mathy, supported by University Grenoble-3Alpes), by ANSES (CNAP and HYPAXE projects, PI C. Philippat, PENDORE project, PNR-EST-2018-1-264, PI, V. Siroux), by Plan Cancer (Canc’Air project, PI, P. Guénel), by Association de Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC, PI, P. Guénel), by AGIR pour les maladies chroniques (PI, R. Slama and PRENAPAR project, V. Siroux), and Fonds de Recherche pour la Santé Respiratoire (FRSR, PI, I. Pin) and by Fondation de France (CLI-MATHES—00081169, J. Lepeule). We acknowledge the support of ANSES, Inserm and AGIR pour les maladies chroniques, for SEPAGES feasibility study. The support of 'SCUSI 2017' Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes programme is also acknowledged. COBANET-Sepages project was support by Anses and Ademe (COBANET: Anses-PNR-EST-2015-1-022/Ademe-1594C0091, PI: N Le Moual, CRESPINET: Anses-PNR-EST-2017-1-101/Ademe-1762C0021, PI: N Le Moual). Pierre Lemire benefited from a PhD scholarship of the University of Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, France., The cohort was supported by the European Research Council (consolidator grant N 311765-E-DOHaD, PI, R. Slama), by the European Community?s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-206, grant N308333-HELIX, PI, M. Vrijheid), by ANR, the French Research Agency (PAPER project ANR-12-PDOC-0029-01, PI, J. Lepeule, and EDeN project 19-CE36-0003-01, SYMER project, ANR-15-IDEX-02, PI, U. Schlattner, Mobil?Air project, ANR-15-IDEX, PI, S. Mathy, supported by University Grenoble-3Alpes), by ANSES (CNAP and HYPAXE projects, PI C. Philippat, PENDORE project, PNR-EST-2018-1-264, PI, V. Siroux), by Plan Cancer (Canc?Air project, PI, P. Gu?nel), by Association de Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC, PI, P. Gu?nel), by AGIR pour les maladies chroniques (PI, R. Slama and PRENAPAR project, V. Siroux), and Fonds de Recherche pour la Sant? Respiratoire (FRSR, PI, I. Pin) and by Fondation de France (CLIMATHES?00081169, J. Lepeule). We acknowledge the support of ANSES, Inserm and AGIR pour les maladies chroniques, for SEPAGES feasibility study. The support of ?SCUSI 2017? R?gion Auvergne-Rh?ne-Alpes programme is also acknowledged. COBANET-Sepages project was support by Anses and Ademe (COBANET: Anses-PNR-EST-2015-1-022/Ademe-1594C0091, PI: N Le Moual
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, Smartphone application, Logistic regression, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Environmental health, Epidemiology, Odds Ratio, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Association (psychology), smartphone application, Asthma, household cleaning products, business.industry, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Asthma symptoms, Odds ratio, asthma, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030228 respiratory system, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Smartphone, business, Kappa, Disinfectants
Abstract: International audience; Household disinfectant and cleaning products (HDCPs) assessment is challenging in epidemiological research. We hypothesized that a newly-developed smartphone application was more objective than questionnaires in assessing HDCPs. Therefore, we aimed to compare both methods, in terms of exposure assessments and respiratory health effects estimates. The women of the SEPAGES birth cohort completed repeated validated questionnaires on HDCPs and respiratory health and used an application to report HDCPs and scan products barcodes, subsequently linked with an ingredients database. Agreements between the two methods were assessed by Kappa coefficients. Logistic regression models estimated associations of HDCP with asthma symptom score. The 101 participants (18 with asthma symptom score ≥1) scanned 617 different products (580 with available ingredients list). Slight to fair agreements for sprays, bleach and scented HDCP were observed (Kappa: 0.35, 0.25, 0.11, respectively). Strength of the associations between HDCP and asthma symptom score varied between both methods but all odds ratios (OR) were greater than one. The number of scanned products used weekly was significantly associated with the asthma symptom score (adjusted-OR [CI 95%]: 1.15 [1.00–1.32]). This study shows the importance of using novel tools in epidemiological research to objectively assess HDCP and therefore reduce exposure measurement errors.
Published: 2021

20. The association between sedentary behavior and sarcopenia among adults aged ≥65 years in low-and middle-income countries

Author: Louis Jacob, Lee Smith, Deepti Adlakha, Mark A. Tully, Nicole E Blackburn, Ai Koyanagi, Paolo Caserotti, Pinar Soysal, Nicola Veronese, Guillermo Felipe López Sánchez, Davy Vancampfort, Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), University of Ulster, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), National Institute on Aging, NIA: 08-CN-0020, OGHA 04034785, R01‐AG034479, R21‐AG034263, Y1-AG-1005, Y1‐AG‐1005–01, YA1323– 08‐CN‐0020, This paper uses data from WHO?s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323? 08-CN-0020, Y1-AG-1005?01 and through research grants R01-AG034479 and R21-AG034263., Funding: This paper uses data from WHO’s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323– 08‐CN‐0020, Y1‐AG‐1005–01 and through research grants R01‐AG034479 and R21‐AG034263., SOYSAL, PINAR, Smith, L., Tully, M., Jacob, L., Blackburn, N., Adlakha, D., Caserotti, P., Soysal, P., Veronese, N., Sánchez, G.F.L., Vancampfort, D., and Koyanagi, A.
Subjects: Male, Sarcopenia, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, WORLD-HEALTH-ORGANIZATION, Logistic regression, Continuous variable, older adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Gait, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Low- and middle-income countries, Hand Strength, Sedentary behavior, musculoskeletal system, 3. Good health, PREVALENCE, TIME, OBESITY, Older adults, Income, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Article, Odds, SKELETAL-MUSCLE MASS, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, OLDER-ADULTS, Aged, Science & Technology, business.industry, Public health, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, body regions, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Cross-Sectional Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, Ageing, Low and middle income countries, FAT, Sedentary Behavior, business, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Environmental Sciences, Demography, low- and middle-income countries, older adults, sarcopenia, sedentary behavior
Abstract: The present study aimed to assess the association between sedentary behavior and sarcopenia among adults aged &ge, 65 years. Cross-sectional data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health were analyzed. Sarcopenia was defined as having low skeletal muscle mass and either a slow gait speed or a weak handgrip strength. Self-reported sedentary behavior was assessed as a continuous variable (hours per day) and also as a categorical variable (0&ndash, &lt, 4, 4&ndash, 8, 8&ndash, 11, &ge, 11 hours/day). Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between sedentary behavior and sarcopenia. Analyses using the overall sample and country-wise samples were conducted. A total of 14,585 participants aged &ge, 65 years were included in the analysis. Their mean age was 72.6 (standard deviation, 11.5) years and 55% were females. Compared to sedentary behavior of 0&ndash, 4 hours/day, &ge, 11hours/day was significantly associated with 2.14 (95% CI = 1.06&ndash, 4.33) times higher odds for sarcopenia. The country-wise analysis showed that overall, a one-hour increase in sedentary behavior per day was associated with 1.06 (95% CI = 1.04&ndash, 1.10) times higher odds for sarcopenia, while the level of between-country heterogeneity was low (I2 = 12.9%). Public health and healthcare practitioners may wish to target reductions in sedentary behavior to aid in the prevention of sarcopenia in older adults.
Published: 2020

21. Fruit and vegetable consumption and sarcopenia among older adults in low- and middle-income countries

Author: Hans Oh, Louis Jacob, Ai Koyanagi, Lin Yang, Marco Solmi, Nicola Veronese, Lee Smith, Josep Maria Haro, Jae Il Shin, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), National Institute on Aging, NIA: OGHA 04034785, PI15/00862, R01‐AG034479, R21‐AG034263, Y1‐AG‐1005–01, YA1323–08‐CN‐0020 European Regional Development Fund, FEDER: ERDF?FEDER, Acknowledgments: This paper uses data from WHO’s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323–08‐CN‐0020, Y1‐AG‐1005–01 and through research grants R01‐AG034479 and R21‐AG034263. Ai Koyanagi’s work is supported by the PI15/00862 project, integrated into the National R + D + I and funded by the ISCIII‐General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF‐FEDER)., This paper uses data from WHO?s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323?08?CN?0020, Y1?AG?1005?01 and through research grants R01?AG034479 and R21?AG034263. Ai Koyanagi?s work is supported by the PI15/00862 project, integrated into the National R + D + I and funded by the ISCIII?General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF?FEDER)., Koyanagi, A., Veronese, N., Solmi, M., Oh, H., Shin, J.I., Jacob, L., Yang, L., Haro, J.M., and Smith, L.
Subjects: Male, Future studies, Logistic regression, Persones grans, older people, Eating, 0302 clinical medicine, Vegetables, vegetable, fruit, low- and middle-income countries, older people, sarcopenia, vegetable, low- and middle-income countries, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, 80 and over, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, Hand Strength, Smoking, Age Factors, 3. Good health, Income, Female, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Alcohol Drinking, Population, lcsh:TX341-641, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Article, Odds, sarcopenia, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, medicine, Humans, education, Developing Countries, Exercise, Poverty, Hortalisses, Adult health, Aged, Consumption (economics), business.industry, Low‐ and middle‐income countries, fruit, medicine.disease, Fruita, Cross-Sectional Studies, Low and middle income countries, Fruit, Sarcopenia, Older people, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, human activities, Food Science, Demography
Abstract: Fruit and vegetable consumption may protect against sarcopenia but there are no studies on this topic from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, we assessed this association among older adults from six LMICs. Community-based cross-sectional data of the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health were analyzed. Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of low skeletal muscle mass based on indirect population formula, and either slow gait or low handgrip strength. Quintiles of vegetable and fruit consumption were created based on the number of servings consumed on a typical day. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. The sample consisted of 14,585 individuals aged &ge, 65 years (mean (SD) age 72.6 (11.4) years, 55% females). Adjusted analyses showed that overall, compared to the lowest quintile (Q1), the highest quintile (Q5) of fruit consumption was associated with a 40% lower odds for sarcopenia (OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.42-0.84) but this association was largely driven by the strong association among females (e.g., Q5 vs. Q1 OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.24&minus, 0.73), with no significant associations found among males. Vegetable consumption was not significantly associated with sarcopenia. Future studies of longitudinal design may shed light on whether increasing fruit consumption among older females in LMICs may reduce risk for sarcopenia.
Published: 2020

22. Zika virus enhances monocyte adhesion and transmigration favoring viral dissemination to neural cells

Author: Emma Partiot, Nilda Vanesa Ayala-Nunez, Jacky G. Goetz, Gautier Follain, Judith R.E. Roels, Anita Eckly, Béatrice Uring-Lambert, Maxime Chazal, Raphael Gaudin, Gillian Hale, Frank M. J. Jacobs, Sandrine Bourdoulous, Orestis Faklaris, Sherif R. Zaki, Aurélie Hirschler, Nolwenn Jouvenet, Margot Carocci, Florian Bakoa, Sarah Cianférani, Christine Carapito, Frédéric Doussau, Brigid C. Bollweg, François Delalande, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Immuno-Rhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Département Sciences Analytiques et Interactions Ioniques et Biomoléculaires (DSA-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-Center for Neurosciences, Génomique virale et vaccination, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), BioCampus Montpellier (BCM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie et pharmacologie des plaquettes sanguines: hémostase, thrombose, transfusion, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work has received funding from the French State via the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the program Investissements d’avenir (IdEx Université de Strasbourg) to RG. This work was supported by an ATIP-AVENIR starting grant to RG. The research leading to these results has received funding from the People Program (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007–2013) under REA grant agreement no. PCOFUND-GA-2013-609102, through the PRESTIGE program coordinated by Campus France, and from the French Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS), both attributed to NVAN. Experiments conducted by G.F. and J.G.G. were funded by Plan Cancer (OptoMetaTrap), Ligue contre le Cancer, Idex Attractivités (University of Strasbourg), and by institutional funds from INSERM and University of Strasbourg. G.F. was supported by a doctoral fellowship from Ligue Contre le Cancer. Mass spectrometry experiments were supported by the French Proteomic Infrastructure (ProFI, ANR-10-INBS-08-03). F.B. is a recipient of a PhD grant provided by ANRT (Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie). N.J. is funded by Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR-16-CE15-0025-01), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Pasteur. CDC contributions to this paper written and edited by G.L.H. and B.C.B. in their private capacity. No official support or endorsement by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services is intended, nor should be inferred. All authors read, provided feedback, and approved the paper. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The following reagent was obtained through the NIH AIDS Reagent Program, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH: HIV-1 NL4-3 AD8 Infectious Molecular Clone (pNL(AD8)) from Dr. Eric O. Freed (cat# 11346)., ANR-16-CE15-0025,Viro-Storm,Mécanismes de production incontrôlée de cytokines au cours de l'infection virale(2016), European Project: 609102,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND,PRESTIGE(2014), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), BioCampus (BCM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EFS-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), jouvenet, nolwenn, Mécanismes de production incontrôlée de cytokines au cours de l'infection virale - - Viro-Storm2016 - ANR-16-CE15-0025 - AAPG2016 - VALID, PRES Towards International Gain of Excellence - PRESTIGE - - EC:FP7:PEOPLE2014-09-01 - 2019-08-31 - 609102 - VALID, Equipe Direction scientifique, Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IRCAM-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IRCAM-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Neuro-Immunologie Virale, Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire (LPQM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan), Biologie et pharmacologie des plaquettes sanguines: hémostase, thrombose, transfusion (http://www.u949.inserm.fr/), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-EFS, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Département des Sciences Analytiques, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg, France (LSMBO-DSA-IPHC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Immunorhumathologie moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Molecular Neuroscience (SILS, FNWI)
Subjects: Central Nervous System, 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Neurons, General Physics and Astronomy, MESH: Organoids, MESH: Monocytes, Monocytes, Zika virus, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration, Cerebellum, MESH: Animals, lcsh:Science, MESH: Embryonic Stem Cells, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Zebrafish, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Neurons, Multidisciplinary, Zika Virus Infection, Cell adhesion molecule, food and beverages, Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Microbiologie et Parasitologie, Phenotype, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Organoids, Mechanisms of disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, MESH: Cell Survival, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Endothelium, Cell Survival, Science, MESH: Zika Virus, Biology, MESH: Endothelium, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Virus, MESH: Cell Adhesion, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, medicine, Animals, Humans, MESH: Central Nervous System, Cellular microbiology, Cell adhesion, MESH: Zebrafish, Embryonic Stem Cells, MESH: Humans, Monocyte, fungi, Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration, Zika Virus, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Embryonic stem cell, MESH: Cerebellum, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Q, MESH: Disease Models, Animal, Cell Adhesion Molecules, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Zika virus (ZIKV) invades and persists in the central nervous system (CNS), causing severe neurological diseases. However the virus journey, from the bloodstream to tissues through a mature endothelium, remains unclear. Here, we show that ZIKV-infected monocytes represent suitable carriers for viral dissemination to the CNS using human primary monocytes, cerebral organoids derived from embryonic stem cells, organotypic mouse cerebellar slices, a xenotypic human-zebrafish model, and human fetus brain samples. We find that ZIKV-exposed monocytes exhibit higher expression of adhesion molecules, and higher abilities to attach onto the vessel wall and transmigrate across endothelia. This phenotype is associated to enhanced monocyte-mediated ZIKV dissemination to neural cells. Together, our data show that ZIKV manipulates the monocyte adhesive properties and enhances monocyte transmigration and viral dissemination to neural cells. Monocyte transmigration may represent an important mechanism required for viral tissue invasion and persistence that could be specifically targeted for therapeutic intervention., Zika virus (ZIKV) can infect the central nervous system, but it is not clear how it reaches the brain. Here, Ayala-Nunez et al. show in ex vivo and in vivo models that ZIKV can hitch a ride in monocytes in a Trojan Horse manner to cross the endothelium and disseminate the virus.
Published: 2019

23. Anthropometric deficits and the associated risk of death by age and sex in children aged 6–59 months: A meta‐analysis

Author: Susan Thurstans, Stephanie V. Wrottesley, Bridget Fenn, Tanya Khara, Paluku Bahwere, James A. Berkley, Robert E. Black, Erin Boyd, Michel Garenne, Sheila Isanaka, Natasha Lelijveld, Christine M. McDonald, Andrew Mertens, Martha Mwangome, Kieran S. O'Brien, Heather Stobaugh, Sunita Taneja, Keith P. West, Saul Guerrero, Marko Kerac, André Briend, Mark Myatt, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), SOUtenabilité et RésilienCE (SOURCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Epicentre [Paris] [Médecins Sans Frontières], United States Agency for International Development, USAID, Irish Aid: HQPU/2021/ENN, This paper is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and by funding from Irish Aid (grant number (HQPU/2021/ENN). The contents are entirely the responsibility of its authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government or represent or reflect Irish Aid policy., Tampere University, and Clinical Medicine
Subjects: Male, Adolescent, wasting, Thinness, underweight, 3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics, Clinical Research, Prevalence, Humans, sex, Child, Growth Disorders, Pediatric, Nutrition and Dietetics, Anthropometry, Nutrition & Dietetics, Wasting Syndrome, Prevention, Malnutrition, stunting, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Obstetrics and Gynecology, mortality, Good Health and Well Being, age, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, Zero Hunger, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Risk of death from undernutrition is thought to be higher in younger than in older children, but evidence is mixed. Research also demonstrates sex differences whereby boys have a higher prevalence of undernutrition than girls. This analysis described mortality risk associated with anthropometric deficits (wasting, underweight and stunting) in children 6–59 months by age and sex. We categorised children into younger (6–23 months) and older (24–59 months) age groups. Age and sex variations in near-term (within 6 months) mortality risk, associated with individual anthropometric deficits were assessed in a secondary analysis of multi-country cohort data. A random effects meta-analysis was performed. Data from seven low-or-middle-income-countries collected between 1977 and 2013 were analysed. One thousand twenty deaths were recorded for children with anthropometric deficits. Pooled meta-analysis estimates showed no differences by age in absolute mortality risk for wasting (RR 1.08, p = 0.826 for MUAC < 125 mm; RR 1.35, p = 0.272 for WHZ < −2). For underweight and stunting, absolute risk of death was higher in younger (RR 2.57, p < 0.001) compared with older children (RR 2.83, p < 0.001). For all deficits, there were no differences in mortality risk for girls compared with boys. There were no differences in the risk of mortality between younger and older wasted children, supporting continued inclusion of all children under-five in wasting treatment programmes. The risk of mortality associated with underweight and stunting was higher among younger children, suggesting that prevention programmes might be justified in focusing on younger children where resources are limited. There were no sex differences by age in mortality risk for all deficits.
Published: 2022

24. Uses and perceptions of medications among French older adults: results from the 2020 French Health Barometer survey

Author: Anh Thi-Quynh Tran, Noémie Soullier, Joël Ankri, Marie Herr, Laure Carcaillon-Bentata, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm, The authors are grateful to the French Health Barometer team of the French National Public Health Agency for their work and support. They also thank Solène Drusch, PhD Candidate at Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, CESP, Anti-infective evasion and pharmacoepidemiology, for reviewing preliminary version of this paper., This study received no external funding. The French Health Barometer survey was funded by the French National Public Health Agency., and HAL UVSQ, Équipe
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Self Medication, Health survey, Health Surveys, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Cross-Sectional Studies, Older adults, Polypharmacy, Humans, Perceptions, Female, France, Self-medication, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aged
Abstract: Background There are few studies reporting on self-medication, perceptions or difficulties older adults have with their medications. This study aimed to describe the uses and the perceptions of medications among older adults in France and to identify patient groups based on that information. Methods We used data from the 2020 ‘French Health Barometer’ – a nationally-representative cross-sectional survey. We assessed polypharmacy (five or more medications), self-medication, and patient perceptions of medications. Robust Poisson regression was used to investigate socio-demographic and health-related factors associated with the outcomes. Latent class analysis was used to identify patient groups classified by the use and the perceptions of medications. Factors associated with group assignment were investigated by multinomial logistic regression. All analyses were weighted. Results The study sample comprised 1,623 respondents aged 70–85 years. Polypharmacy and self-medication were reported in 23.5 and 48.7% of the older population, respectively. Polypharmacy was associated with increasing age, low education, and impaired health status. Self-medication was associated with female sex and high education. Among individuals taking at least 1 medication, 8.2% reported not to understand all their medications, and 9.7% having difficulty taking medications as prescribed. Among individuals taking at least 2 medications, 23.2% thought that they took too many medications. Three patient groups were identified: ‘Non-polypharmacy, positive perceptions’ (62.5%), ‘Polypharmacy, positive perceptions’ (28.0%), and ‘Negative perceptions’ (9.5%). Conclusions Polypharmacy and self-medication are common in French older adults. One segment of people reported negative perceptions of their medications regardless of their polypharmacy status. This underlines the difference between the objective and perceived measures of polypharmacy.
Published: 2022

25. Association of food insecurity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in adults aged ≥50 years from low- and middle-income countries

Author: Lee Smith, Jae Il Shin, Christina Carmichael, Louis Jacob, Karel Kostev, Igor Grabovac, Yvonne Barnett, Laurie Butler, Rosie K. Lindsay, Damiano Pizzol, Nicola Veronese, Pinar Soysal, Ai Koyanagi, Smith, Lee, Shin, Jae Il, Carmichael, Christina, Jacob, Loui, Kostev, Karel, Grabovac, Igor, Barnett, Yvonne, Butler, Laurie, Lindsay, Rosie K, Pizzol, Damiano, Veronese, Nicola, Soysal, Pinar, Koyanagi, Ai, SOYSAL, PINAR, Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), Yonsei University, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), IQVIA, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, ICREA Infection Biology Laboratory (Department of Experimental and Health Sciences), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), National Institute on Aging, NIA: OGHA 04034785, R01-AG034479, R21-AG034263, Y1-AG-1005–01, YA1323–08-CN-0020, This paper uses data from WHO's Study on Global Aging and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785 , YA1323–08-CN-0020 , Y1-AG-1005–01 and through research grants R01-AG034479 and R21-AG034263 ., and European Project: 671500,H2020,H2020-FETHPC-2014,SAGE(2015)
Subjects: Male, Low- and middle-income countries, Suicide, Attempted, Suicidal Ideation, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Food Insecurity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Association of food insecurity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in adults aged ≥50 years from low- and middle-income countries.-, Journal of affective disorders, 2022, Risk Factors, Older adults, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Food insecurity, Low- and middle-income countries, Older adults, Suicidal ideation, Suicide attempts, Humans, Female, Developing Countries, Suicide attempts, Aged
Abstract: Background-\ud \ud The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between food insecurity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in adults aged ≥50 years from six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).\ud \ud Methods-\ud \ud Cross-sectional, community-based data from the World Health Organisation's Study on Global Aging and Adult Health were analyzed. Self-reported information on past 12-month suicidal ideation and suicide attempts was collected. Past 12-month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on frequency of eating less and hunger due to lack of food. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between food insecurity and suicidal ideation or suicide attempts.\ud \ud Results-\ud \ud The final analytical sample included 34,129 individuals aged ≥50 years [mean (SD) age 62.4 (16.0) years; 52.1% females]. Compared to no food insecurity, severe food insecurity was associated with a significant 2.78 (95%CI = 1.73–4.45) times higher odds for suicidal ideation, while moderate and severe food insecurity were associated with 2.59 (95%CI = 1.35–4.97) and 5.15 (95%CI = 2.52–10.53) times higher odds for suicide attempts, respectively.\ud \ud Limitations-\ud \ud The cross-sectional design, the use of self-reported wish to die as a measure of suicide ideation, and that suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were only assessed among those who had depressive symptoms, could be considered limitations of our study.\ud \ud Conclusions-\ud \ud Food insecurity was positively associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Targeting food insecurity among older adults in LMICs may lead to reduction in suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, although future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm this.
Published: 2022

26. Pre- and Postnatal Dietary Exposure to a Pesticide Cocktail Disrupts Ovarian Functions in 8-Week-Old Female Mice

Author: Léonie Dopavogui, Florence Cadoret, Gaspard Loison, Sara El Fouikar, François-Xavier Frenois, Frank Giton, Sandrine Ellero-Simatos, Frédéric Lasserre, Arnaud Polizzi, Clémence Rives, Nicolas Loiseau, Roger D. Léandri, Nicolas Gatimel, Laurence Gamet-Payrastre, Toxicologie Intégrative & Métabolisme (ToxAlim-TIM), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Développement Embryonnaire, Fertilité et Environnement (DEFE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Exposition, Perturbation Endocrino-métabolique et Reproduction (ToxAlim-EXPER), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole (IUCT Oncopole - UMR 1037), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), L.D. was supported by a Ph.D. grant from INRAE (Animal Health Department). This work was supported by a grant from the Ministry for Agriculture and Food and the Ministry for an Ecological and Solidary Transition, with the financial support of the French Biodiversity Agency (GepeTho), by ANR France (Syneract), and by Région Occitanie. This work also received funding from Agence de la Biomédecine (AOR 2019).This paper benefited from the Imag’IN Platform of the Institut Universitaire du Cancer from April 2019 to August 2021 https://www.imagin-labs.net/imagin_v2/index.php? lang=EN (last accessed on 5 June 2022). We thank X. Blanc from INRAe SAAJ (Jouy-en-Josas) for his technical support for pellet preparation., ANR-18-CE34-0009,SYNERACT,Activation synergique de recepteurs nucléaires(2018), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), LESUR, Hélène, and APPEL À PROJETS GÉNÉRIQUE 2018 - Activation synergique de recepteurs nucléaires - - SYNERACT2018 - ANR-18-CE34-0009 - AAPG2018 - VALID
Subjects: pesticide, folliculogenesis, ovary, endocrine disruption, progesterone, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Organic Chemistry, Pesticide Residues, General Medicine, Catalysis, Computer Science Applications, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Inorganic Chemistry, Dietary Exposure, Mice, Fruit, Animals, Female, Chlorpyrifos, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Pesticides, Molecular Biology, Spectroscopy
Abstract: International audience; Female infertility has a multifactorial origin, and exposure to contaminants, including pesticides, with endocrine-disrupting properties is considered to be involved in this reproductive disorder, especially when it occurs during early life. Pesticides are present in various facets of the environment, and consumers are exposed to a combination of multiple pesticide residues through food intake. The consequences of such exposure with respect to female fertility are not well known. Therefore, we aimed to assess the impact of pre- and postnatal dietary exposure to a pesticide mixture on folliculogenesis, a crucial process in female reproduction. Mice were exposed to the acceptable daily intake levels of six pesticides in a mixture (boscalid, captan, chlorpyrifos, thiacloprid, thiophanate and ziram) from foetal development until 8 weeks old. Female offspring presented with decreased body weight at weaning, which was maintained at 8 weeks old. This was accompanied by an abnormal ovarian ultrastructure, a drastic decrease in the number of corpora lutea and progesterone levels and an increase in ovary cell proliferation. In conclusion, this study shows that this pesticide mixture that can be commonly found in fruits in Europe, causing endocrine disruption in female mice with pre- and postnatal exposure by disturbing folliculogenesis, mainly in the luteinisation process.
Published: 2022
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27. Proteomic and Mechanistic Analysis of Spironolactone in Patients at Risk for HF

Author: Pierpaolo Pellicori, Blerim Mujaj, Stephane Heymans, Fozia Z Ahmed, N. Girerd, Ping Wang, Arantxa González, Hans-Peter Brunner-La-Rocca, Javier Díez, Franco Cosmi, Frank T. Edelmann, Mark R. Hazebroek, João Pedro Ferreira, Joe Cuthbert, Andrew L. Clark, Johannes Petutschnigg, Mamas A. Mamas, Roberto Latini, Job A J Verdonschot, John G.F. Cleland, Beatrice Mariottoni, Patrick Rossignol, Javed Khan, Jan A. Staessen, Burkert Pieske, Faiez Zannad, Anne Pizard, Stéphanie Grojean, Timothy Collier, Philippe Rouet, Centre d'investigation clinique plurithématique Pierre Drouin [Nancy] (CIC-P), Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aiguë et Chronique (DCAC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists [Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy] (INI-CRCT), Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu [Nancy], French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network - F-CRIN [Paris] (Cardiovascular & Renal Clinical Trialists - CRCT ), Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht University [Maastricht], London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), University of Manchester [Manchester], University of Hull [United Kingdom], Cortona Hospital, Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV), German Heart Institute Berlin, University of Glasgow, Mario Negri Institute, Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven School of Medicine, SCHOOL of MEDICINE [Louvain], Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL)-Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Centre d'anthropologie et de génomique de Toulouse (CAGT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Author Disclosures HOMAGE was funded by a grant from the European Union 7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (HEALTH-F7-305507 HOMAGE (EU FP7 305507 http://www.homage-hf.eu). Drs. Ferreira, Rossignol, Girerd, and Zannad are supported by the RHU Fight-HF, a public grant overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the second 'Investissements d’Avenir' program (reference: ANR-15-RHUS-0004), the French PIA project 'Lorraine Université d’Excellence' (reference: ANR-15-IDEX-04-LUE), Contrat de Plan Etat Lorraine IT2MP, and FEDER Lorraine. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., ANR-15-RHUS-0004,FIGHT-HF,Combattre l'insuffisance cardiaque(2015), ANR-15-IDEX-0004,LUE,Isite LUE(2015), European Project: 305507,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2012-INNOVATION-1,HOMAGE(2013), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DE CARVALHO, Philippe, Combattre l'insuffisance cardiaque - - FIGHT-HF2015 - ANR-15-RHUS-0004 - RHUS - VALID, ISITE - Isite LUE - - LUE2015 - ANR-15-IDEX-0004 - IDEX - VALID, Heart OMics in AGEing - HOMAGE - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2013-02-01 - 2019-01-31 - 305507 - VALID, RS: Carim - H02 Cardiomyopathy, Cardiologie, MUMC+: MA Med Staf Spec Cardiologie (9), and MUMC+: MA Med Staf Artsass Cardiologie (9)
Subjects: Male, Proteomics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Adipokine, Inflammation, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pharmacology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Mineralocorticoid receptor, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Fibrosis, Renin–angiotensin system, Natriuretic Peptide, Brain, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists, Heart Failure, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, business.industry, fibrosis, spironolactone, HEART-FAILURE INSIGHTS, medicine.disease, Brain natriuretic peptide, 3. Good health, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, CARDIAC MATRIX BIOMARKERS, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, chemistry, MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION, inflammation, Heart failure, Spironolactone, SURVIVAL, EPLERENONE, Female, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, heart failure prevention, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: OBJECTIVES This study sought to further understand the mechanisms underlying effect of spironolactone and assessed its impact on multiple plasma protein biomarkers and their respective underlying biologic pathways.BACKGROUND In addition to their beneficial effects in established heart failure (HF), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists may act upstream on mechanisms, preventing incident HF. In people at risk for developing HF, the HOMAGE (Heart OMics in AGEing) trial showed that spironolactone treatment could provide antifibrotic and antiremodeling effects, potentially slowing the progression to HF.METHODS Baseline, 1-month, and 9-month (or last visit) plasma samples of HOMAGE participants were measured for protein biomarkers (n = 276) by using Olink Proseek-Multiplex cardiovascular and inflammation panels (Olink, Uppsala, Sweden). The effect of spironolactone on biomarkers was assessed by analysis of covariance and explored by knowledgebased network analysis. RESULTS A total of 527 participants were enrolled; 265 were randomized to spironolactone (25 to 50 mg/day) and 262 to standard care ("control"). The median (interquartile range) age was 73 years (69 to 79 years), and 26% were female. Spironolactone reduced biomarkers of collagen metabolism (e.g., COL1A1, MMP-2); brain natriuretic peptide; and biomarkers related to metabolic processes (e.g., PAPPA), inflammation, and thrombosis (e.g., IL17A, VEGF, and urokinase). Spironolactone increased biomarkers that reflect the blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor (e.g., renin) and increased the levels of adipokines involved in the anti-inflammatory response (e.g., RARRES2) and biomarkers of hemostasis maintenance (e.g., tPA, UPAR), myelosuppressive activity (e.g., CCL16), insulin suppression (e.g., RETN), and inflammatory regulation (e.g., IL-12B).CONCLUSIONS Proteomic analyses suggest that spironolactone exerts pleiotropic effects including reduction in fibrosis, inflammation, thrombosis, congestion, and vascular function improvement, all of which may mediate cardiovascular protective effects, potentially slowing progression toward heart failure. (HOMAGE [Bioprofiling Response to Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists for the Prevention of Heart Failure]; NCT02556450) (C) 2021 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
Published: 2021

28. The association between objective vision impairment and mild cognitive impairment among older adults in low- and middle-income countries

Author: Hans Oh, Ai Koyanagi, Guillermo F. López-Sánchez, Jae Il Shin, Yvonne Barnett, Lee Smith, Pinar Soysal, Louis Jacob, Laurie T. Butler, Nicola Veronese, Shahina Pardhan, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), National Institute on Aging, NIA: 08-CN-0020, OGHA 04034785, R01-AG034479, R21-AG034263, Y1-AG-1005, YA1323, This paper uses data from WHO?s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323?08-CN-0020, Y1-AG-1005?01 and through research grants R01-AG034479 and R21-AG034263., Smith, L., Shin, J.I., Jacob, L., López-Sánchez, G.F., Oh, H., Barnett, Y., Pardhan, S., Butler, L., Soysal, P., Veronese, N., Koyanagi, A., and SOYSAL, PINAR
Subjects: Male, Gerontology, China, Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual acuity, genetic structures, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Visual impairment, Vision impairment, Logistic regression, Odds, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, Dementia, Cognitive Dysfunction, 030212 general & internal medicine, Association (psychology), Developing Countries, Aged, Low- and middle-income countries, business.industry, Mild cognitive impairment, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Smith L., Shin J. I. , Jacob L., López-Sánchez G. F. , Oh H., Barnett Y., Pardhan S., Butler L., Soysal P., Veronese N., et al., -The association between objective vision impairment and mild cognitive impairment among older adults in low- and middle-income countries.-, Aging clinical and experimental research, 2021, Vision impairment, Mild cognitive impairment, Older adults, Low- and middle-income countries, Epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Ageing, Older adults, Female, Geriatrics and Gerontology, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Aim: The association between visual impairment and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has not been investigated to date. Thus, we assessed this association among older adults from six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (China, India, Ghana, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa) using nationally representative datasets. Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. Visual acuity was measured using the tumbling ElogMAR chart, and vision impairment (at distance and near) was defined as visual acuity worse than 6/18 (0.48 logMAR) in the better-seeing eye. The definition of MCI was based on the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association criteria. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted. Results: Data on 32,715 individuals aged ≥ 50years [mean (SD) age 62.1 (15.6) years; 51.2% females] were analyzed. Compared to those without far or near vision impairment, those with near vision impairment but not far vision impairment (OR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.16–1.52), and those with both far and near vision impairment (OR = 1.70; 95% CI = 1.27–2.29) had significantly higher odds for MCI. Only having far vision impairment was not significantly associated with MCI. Conclusions: Visual impairment is associated with increased odds for MCI among older adults in LMICs with the exception of far vision impairment only. Future longitudinal and intervention studies should examine causality and whether improvements in visual acuity, or early intervention, can reduce risk for MCI and ultimately, dementia. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG part of Springer Nature.
Published: 2021

29. Bulky DNA adducts, 4-aminobiphenyl-haemoglobin adducts and diet in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) prospective study

Author: Carmen Martinez, Petra H.M. Peeters, Merethe Kumle, Paolo Vineis, Armelle Munnia, Seymour Garte, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Emmanuelle Gormally, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Antonio Agudo, Giuseppe Matullo, Bengt Järvholm, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, José Ramón Quirós, Göran Berglund, Marco Peluso, Alison M. Dunning, Rosario Tumino, Alessandro Colombi, Salvatore Panico, Timothy J. Key, Luisa Airoldi, Elio Riboli, S Bingham, Fabrizio Veglia, Rudolf Kaaks, Antonia Trichopoulou, Aurelio Barricarte, Vittorio Krogh, Christian Malaveille, Nicholas E. Day, Kim Overvad, Rodolfo Saracci, Herman Autrup, María José Tormo, Domenico Palli, J. Linseisen, Heiner Boeing, Miren Dorronsoro, Faculteit Medische Wetenschappen/UMCG, Peluso, M, Airoldi, L, Munnia, A, Colombi, A, Veglia, F, Autrup, H, Dunning, A, Garte, S, Gormally, E, Malaveille, C, Matullo, G, Overvad, K, Raaschou Nielsen, O, Clavel Chapelon, F, Linseisen, J, Boeing, H, Trichopoulou, A, Palli, D, Krogh, V, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Bueno De Mesquita, Bh, Peeters, Ph, Kumle, M, Agudo, A, Martinez, C, Dorronsoro, M, Barricarte, A, Tormo, Mj, Quiros, Jr, Berglund, G, Jarvholm, B, Day, Ne, Key, Tj, Saracci, R, Kaaks, R, Riboli, E, Bingham, S, Vineis, P., [Peluso,M, Munnia, A] Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Analytical and Biomolecular Cytology Unit, CSPO-Scientific Institute of Tuscany, Florence, Italy. [Airoldi,L, Colombi,A] Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy. [Veglia, F, Matullo,G] ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy. [Autrup,H] Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark. [Dunning, A] Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [Garte,S] Genetics Research Institute, Milan, Italy. [Gormally,E, Malaveille,C] International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. [Overhad,K] Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aalborg Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. [Raaschou-Nielsen,O] Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Clavel-Chapelon,F] INSERM (Institut National de la Sante´ et de la Recherche Me´dicale), ERI 20, EA 4045, and Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805, France. [Linseisen,J] Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, German. [Boeing,H] German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbu¨cke, Germany. [Trichopoulou,A] Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. [Palli,D] Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, CSPO-Scientiﬁc Institute of Cancer Prevention Tuscany Region, Florence, Italy. [Krogh,V] Department of Epidemiology, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy. [Tumino,R] Cancer Registry, Azienda Ospedaliera ‘Civile MP Arezzo’, Ragusa, Ital. [Panico,S] Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Universita` Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Bueno-De-Mesquita,BH] Centre for Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherland. [Peeters,PH] Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Kumle,M] Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway. [Agudo,A] Department of Epidemiology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain. [Martinez,C] Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain. [Dorronsoro,M] Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain. [Barricarte,A] Public Health Institute, Navarra, Spain. [Tormo,MJ] Epidemiology Department, Murcia Health Council, Murcia, Spain. Quiros, JR] Direccio´n General de Salud Pu´blica, Consejerı´a de Salud y Servicios Sanitarios Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. [Berglund,G] Malmo¨ Diet and Cancer Study, Lund University, Malmo¨, Sweden. [Jarvholm,G] Department of Nutritional Research, University of Umea˚, Umea˚ , Sweden. [Day,ND, Bingham,S] MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Cambridge University, UK. [Key,TJ].Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [Saracci,R] IFC National Research Council, Pisa, Italy. [Kaas,R] Division of Epidemiology, DKFZ Heidelberg, Germany. [Riboli,E] Imperial College London, London, UK. [Vineis,P] University of Turin, Turin, Italy. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK, This paper was made possible by a grant of the European Community (5th Framework Programme) to P. V. (grant QLK4–CT–1999–00 927) and a grant of the Compagnia di San Paolo to the ISI Foundation. All authors are independent from funders. Mortality data for the Netherlands were obtained from Statistics Netherlands. Also, the work described in the paper was carried out with the financial support of: Europe Against Cancer Program of the European Commission (SANCO), ISCIII, Red de Centros RCESP, C03/09, Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society, Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, UK, Stroke Association, UK, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, UK, Food Standards Agency, UK, Wellcome Trust, UK, Greek Ministry of Health, Greek Ministry of Education, Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC), Italian National Research Council, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, World Cancer Research Fund, Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Ska°ne, Sweden, Norwegian Cancer Society, and Research Council of Norway.
Subjects: Dietary Fiber, Male, Aflatoxin, Erythrocytes, Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Blood Proteins::Hemoglobins [Medical Subject Headings], medicine.medical_treatment, air pollution, RESISTANT STARCH, Medicine (miscellaneous), GUIDELINES, Carcinógenos, Body Mass Index, COLORECTAL-CANCER, Food group, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hemoglobins, Vegetables, Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Toxic Actions::Environmental Pollutants::Air Pollutants [Medical Subject Headings], Leukocytes, Aductos de ADN, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Food science, Prospective Studies, RISK, DNA adducts, Haemoglobin adducts, Non-smokers, Fibre intake, Air pollution, Publication Characteristics::Study Characteristics::Multicenter Study [Medical Subject Headings], Air Pollutants, Nutrition and Dietetics, Chemistry, Technology, Industry, Agriculture::Food and Beverages::Food::Dietary Fiber [Medical Subject Headings], Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Toxic Actions::Noxae::Carcinogens [Medical Subject Headings], COLON-CANCER, Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Processes::DNA Damage::DNA Adducts [Medical Subject Headings], Fabaceae, Middle Aged, fibre intake, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Europe, Biochemistry, 4-Aminobiphenyl, Colonic Neoplasms, Hemoglobinas, Female, SMOKERS, Alcohol Drinking, BLADDER-CANCER, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), haemoglobin adducts, non-smokers, RATS, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS, Ozone, LUNG-CANCER, DNA adduct, medicine, Humans, Contaminantes del aire, ddc:610, Carcinogen, Aged, Estudio multicéntrico, Vitamin E, Fruit, Multivariate Analysis, Fibras en la dieta, Carcinogens, Biomarkers, Food contaminant
Abstract: Udgivelsesdato: 2008-Feb-14 In contrast to some extensively examined food mutagens, for example, aflatoxins, N-nitrosamines and heterocyclic amines, some other food contaminants, in particular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and other aromatic compounds, have received less attention. Therefore, exploring the relationships between dietary habits and the levels of biomarkers related to exposure to aromatic compounds is highly relevant. We have investigated in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort the association between dietary items (food groups and nutrients) and aromatic DNA adducts and 4-aminobiphenyl-Hb adducts. Both types of adducts are biomarkers of carcinogen exposure and possibly of cancer risk, and were measured, respectively, in leucocytes and erythrocytes of 1086 (DNA adducts) and 190 (Hb adducts) non-smokers. An inverse, statistically significant, association has been found between DNA adduct levels and dietary fibre intake (P = 0.02), vitamin E (P = 0.04) and alcohol (P = 0.03) but not with other nutrients or food groups. Also, an inverse association between fibre and fruit intake, and BMI and 4-aminobiphenyl-Hb adducts (P = 0.03, 0.04, and 0.03 respectively) was observed. After multivariate regression analysis these inverse correlations remained statistically significant, except for the correlation adducts v. fruit intake. The present study suggests that fibre intake in the usual range can modify the level of DNA or Hb aromatic adducts, but such role seems to be quantitatively modest. Fibres could reduce the formation of DNA adducts in different manners, by diluting potential food mutagens and carcinogens in the gastrointestinal tract, by speeding their transit through the colon and by binding carcinogenic substances.
Published: 2008

30. Sex Differences in Outcomes of Tetralogy of Fallot Patients With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators

Author: Victor Waldmann, Abdeslam Bouzeman, Guillaume Duthoit, Linda Koutbi, Francis Bessière, Fabien Labombarda, Christelle Marquié, Jean-Baptiste Gourraud, Pierre Mondoly, Jean Marc Sellal, Pierre Bordachar, Alexis Hermida, Alain Al Arnaout, Frédéric Anselme, Caroline Audinet, Yvette Bernard, Serge Boveda, Sok Sithikun Bun, Morgane Chassignolle, Gaël Clerici, Antoine Da Costa, Maxime de Guillebon, Pascal Defaye, Nathalie Elbaz, Romain Eschalier, Rodrigue Garcia, Charles Guenancia, Benoit Guy-Moyat, Franck Halimi, Didier Irles, Laurence Iserin, François Jourda, Magalie Ladouceur, Philippe Lagrange, Mikael Laredo, Jacques Mansourati, Grégoire Massoulié, Amel Mathiron, Philippe Maury, Anne Messali, Kumar Narayanan, Cédric Nguyen, Sandro Ninni, Marie-Cécile Perier, Bertrand Pierre, Penelope Pujadas, Frédéric Sacher, Pascal Sagnol, Ardalan Sharifzadehgan, Camille Walton, Pierre Winum, Cyril Zakine, Laurent Fauchier, Raphaël Martins, Jean-Luc Pasquié, Jean-Benoit Thambo, Xavier Jouven, Nicolas Combes, Eloi Marijon, Chrystelle Akret, Jean-Paul Albenque, Vincent Algalarrondo, Christine Alonso, Denis Amet, Frédéric Ansselme, Anouk Asselin, Nicolas Badenco, Hugues Bader, Marc Badoz, Pierre Baudinaud, Nathalie Behar, Mouna Ben Kilani, Géraldine Bertaux, Cathy Bertrand, Francis Bessiere, Hughes Blangy, Damien Bonnet, Pierre Bordchar, Paul Bru, Adrien Carabelli, Christèle Cardin, Bruno Cauchemez, Tej Chalbia, Laure Champ-Rigot, Thomas Chastre, Philippe Chevallier, Nicolas Clementy, Stéphane Combes, Christian De Chillou, Maxime De Guillebon, Bruno Degand, Jean-Claude Deharo, Nicolas Derval, Sylvie Di Filippo, Guillaume Domain, Antoine Dompnier, Arnaud Dulac, Alexandre Duparc, D Cécile Duplantier, Rim El Bouazzaoui, Bogdan Enache, Fabrice Extramiana, Pierre Fiorello, Pierre Frey, Luc Freysz, Vincent Galand, Estelle Gandjbakhch, Kevin Gardey, Olivier Geoffroy, Bénédicte Godin, Samuel Goussot, Caroline Grimard, Jean-Baptiste Guichard, Michel Haissaguerre, David Hamon, Sébastien Hascoet, Karim Hasni, Jean-Sylvain Hermida, Françoise Hidden-Lucet, Mélèze Hocini, Jérome Hourdain, Peggy Jacon, Gaël Jauvert, Frédéric Jean, Nicolas Johnson, Pierre Khattar, Ziad Khoueiry, Rita Koutbi, Guillaume Laborie, Gabriel Lactu, Pierre-Marc Lallemand, Gabriel Laurent, Thomas Lavergne, Arnaud Lazarus, Laurianne Le Gloan, Christophe Leclercq, Antoine Leenhardt, Nicolas Lellouche, Christophe Loose, Philippe Mabo, Alice Maltret, Franck Mandel, Christelle Marquie, Carole Maupain, Antoine Milhelm, Paul Milliez, Adrian Mirolo, Ghassan Moubarak, Stéphane Mourot, Jacky Ollitrault, Pierre Ollitrault, Akli Otmani, Jean-Luc Pasquie, Dominique Pavin, Séverinne Philibert, Damien Poindron, Charlotte Potelle, Vincent Probst, Paul Puie, Anne Rollin, Cécile Romeyer-Bouchard, Nicolas Sadoul, Audrey Sagnard, Arnaud Savoure, Didier Scarlatti, Fabien Squara, Nikita Tanese, Jean Benoit Thambo, Olivier Thomas, Emie Varlet, Sandrine Venier, Quentin Voglimacci Stephanopoli, Xavier Waintraub, Françoise Wiart, Alexandre Zhao, Amir Zouaghi, Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Clinique Pasteur, Clinique Pasteur [Toulouse], and This work was supported by the French Institute of Health and Medical Research, Fédération Française de Cardiologie, and Société Française de Cardiologie. The authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.
Subjects: Male, Adult, Heart Defects, Congenital, Sex Characteristics, sudden death, Middle Aged, congenital heart disease, Defibrillators, Implantable, Cohort Studies, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, Tetralogy of Fallot, sex, Humans, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, women, ventricular arrhythmia
Abstract: International audience; Background: Women with congenital heart disease at high risk for sudden cardiac death have been poorly studied thus far.Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess sex-related differences in patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs).Methods: Data were analyzed from the DAI-T4F (French National Registry of Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator) cohort study, which has prospectively enrolled all patients with TOF with ICDs in France since 2010. Clinical events were centrally adjudicated by a blinded committee.Results: A total of 165 patients (mean age 42.2 ± 13.3 years) were enrolled from 40 centers, including 49 women (29.7%). Among the 9,692 patients with TOF recorded in the national database, the proportion of women with ICDs was estimated to be 1.1% (95% CI: 0.8%-1.5%) vs 2.2% (95% CI: 1.8%-2.6%) in men (P < 0.001). The clinical profiles of patients at implantation, including the number of risk factors for ventricular arrhythmias, were similar between women and men. During a median follow-up period of 6.8 years (IQR: 2.5-11.4 years), 78 patients (47.3%) received at least 1 appropriate ICD therapy, without significant difference in annual incidences between women (12.1%) and men (9.9%) (HR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.76-1.97; P = 0.40). The risk for overall ICD-related complications was similar in women and men (HR: 1.33; 95% CI: 0.81-2.19; P = 0.30), with 24 women (49.0%) experiencing at least 1 complication.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that women with TOF at high risk for sudden cardiac death have similar benefit/risk balance from ICD therapy compared with men. Whether ICD therapy is equally offered to at-risk women vs men warrants further evaluation in TOF as well as in other congenital heart disease populations. (French National Registry of Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator [DAI-T4F]; NCT03837574)
Published: 2022

31. Impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on contraception use in 2020 and up until the end of April 2021 in France

Author: Noémie Roland, Jérôme Drouin, David Desplas, Lise Duranteau, François Cuenot, Rosemary Dray-Spira, Alain Weill, Mahmoud Zureik, HAL UVSQ, Équipe, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, EPI-PHARE (EPI-PHARE), Caisse nationale d'assurance maladie des travailleurs salariés [CNAMTS]-Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament et des produits de santé [Saint-Denis] (ANSM), AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des Produits de Santé, ANSM, Funding: This research was funded by EPI-PHARE, the French National Health Insurance Fund (CNAMTS) and the French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety (ANSM). NR, DD, FC, RDS and MZ are employees of the French National Agency for Medicines and Health, JD and AW of the French National Health Insurance Fund., and Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship. We thank Anthony Saul for his help in correcting and clarifying the manuscript. Funding: This research was funded by EPI-PHARE, the French National Health Insurance Fund (CNAMTS) and the French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety (ANSM). NR, DD, FC, RDS and MZ are employees of the French National Agency for Medicines and Health, JD and AW of the French National Health Insurance Fund. Declarations of interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Subjects: Adult, Adolescent, Levonorgestrel, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Article, Young Adult, Pregnancy, Contraceptive Agents, Female, Humans, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Infant, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Healthcare access, [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Contraception, Reproductive Medicine, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Communicable Disease Control, Reproductive health, Contraceptive methods, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Sexual Health, Contraception, Postcoital, Covid-19
Abstract: International audience; Objectives: To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of reimbursed contraceptives in France after 15 months of the pandemic, according to age-group and updating previous data only pertaining to the first lockdown (2 months). Study design: We conducted a national register-based study by extracting all reimbursements of oral contraceptives (OC), emergency contraception (EC), intrauterine devices (IUD), and implants from the French National Health Insurance database (SNDS), which includes and covers 99.5% of the French population, in 2018, 2019, 2020 and from January 1, 2021 to April30, 2021. We calculated the expected use of contraceptives in 2020 and 2021 in the absence of the pandemic, based on 2018 and 2019 usage and taking annual trends into account. We assessed the difference between observed and expected dispensing rates by contraceptive type and by age-group (≤18 years old, 18< age ≤25, 25< age ≤35, >35). Results: Dispensing of all contraceptives decreased compared to expect dispensing numbers: −2.0% for OC, −5.3% for EC, −9.5% for LNG-IUS, −8.6% for C-IUD, and −16.4% for implant. This decrease in the dispensing of contraceptives was observed in all age-groups, but mainly concerned women under the age of 18 years (−22% for OC, −10% for EC, −37.2% for LNG-IUS, −36.4% for C-IUD, −26.4% for implant) and those aged 18 to 25 (−5.1% for OC, −11.9% for EC, −18.1% for LNG-IUS, −15.9% for C-IUD, −17.6% for implants). Conclusions: Our study showed that the dispensing of contraceptives in France was markedly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Prescriptions for long-acting contraceptive use and women under the age of 25 years were the most substantially impacted. Ensuring access to contraceptive methods during health emergencies must be a public health policy priority. Implications: The COVID-19 pandemic strongly impacted the dispensing of contraceptives in France with varying degrees of decreased dispensing according to the type of contraceptive, the age-group and the level of pandemic-related restrictions. The impact of these restrictions on unintended pregnancy at the population level remains undetermined.
Published: 2022

32. Urban environment and cognitive and motor function in children from four European birth cohorts

Author: Marina Vafeiadi, Raquel Soler-Blasco, Mariza Kampouri, Mònica Guxens, Martine Vrijheid, Johanna Lepeule, Llúcia González-Safont, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark Mon-Williams, John Wright, Rosie McEachan, Anne-Claire Binter, Claire Philippat, Jonathan Y. Bernard, Jordi Sunyer, Loreto Santa-Marina, Leda Chatzi, Lucia Alonso, Ainara Andiarena, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR), University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universitat Jaume I, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana [Espagne] (FISABIO), University of Bradford, University of Southern California (USC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), This work was supported by funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007–206 n◦308333, the HELIX project]. This INMA cohort was funded by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Red INMA G03/176, CB06/02/0041, PI041436, PI081151 incl. FEDER funds, FIS PI06/0867, FIS-PI09/00090, FIS and FIS-PI18/01142 incl. FEDER funds, FIS-FEDER: PI03/1615, PI04/1509, PI04/1112, PI04/1931, PI05/1079, PI05/1052, PI06/1213, PI07/0314, PI09/02647, PI11/01007, PI11/02591, PI11/02038, PI13/1944, PI13/2032, PI14/00891, PI14/01687, PI16/1288, PI16/00118 and PI17/00663, FIS-FSE: 17/00260, Miguel Servet-FEDER CP11/00178, CP15/00025, CPII16/00051, and CPII18/00018), from UE (FP7-ENV-2011 cod 282957, HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1, and H2020 n◦824989), Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT 1999SGR 00241, Fundació La marató de TV3 (090430), Generalitat Valenciana: FISABIO (UGP 15-230, UGP-15-244, and UGP-15-249), Alicia Koplowitz Foundation 2017, CIBERESP, Department of Health of the Basque Government (2013111089, 2009111069, 2013111089, 2015111065 and 2018111086), Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa (DFG06/002, DFG08/001, DFG15/221 and DFG 89/17) and annual agreements with the municipalities of the study area (Zumarraga, Urretxu , Legazpi, Azkoitia y Azpeitia y Beasain). We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the State Research Agency through the 'Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019-2023' Program (CEX2018-000806-S), and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program. The work was also supported by MICINN [MTM2015-68140- R] and Centro Nacional de Genotipado- CEGEN- PRB2- ISCIII (Spain). The Rhea project was financially supported by European projects, and the Greek Ministry of Health (Program of Prevention of obesity and neurodevelopmental disorders in preschool children, in Heraklion district, Crete, Greece: 2011–2014, 'Rhea Plus': Primary Prevention Program of Environmental Risk Factors for Reproductive Health, and Child Health: 2012–15). This paper presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) under its Collaboration for Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) for Yorkshire and Humber (UK). The EDEN study was supported by Foundation for medical research (FRM), National Agency for Research (ANR), National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte santé 2008 program), French Ministry of Health (DGS), French Ministry of Research, INSERM Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A), and Human Nutrition National Research Programs, Paris-Sud University, Nestlé, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), the European Union FP7 programs (ESCAPE, ENRIECO, Medall projects), Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD)), French Agency for Environmental Health Safety and French National Agency for Food Security (now ANSES), Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale a complementary health insurance (MGEN), French-speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM). Core support for Born in Bradford is also provided by the Wellcome Trust (WT101597MA, UK). Born in Bradford (BiB) is only possible because of the enthusiasm and commitment of the children and parents in BiB. We are grateful to all the participants, health professionals, schools and researchers who have made BiB happen. BiB receives funding from the ESRC/MRC, the Wellcome Trust (WT101597MA) and the National Institute for Health Research Yorkshire and Humber ARC (reference: NIHR20016). M. Mon-Williams was supported by a Fellowship from the Alan Turing Institute. Additional funding from the National Institute of Environmental Health Science supported Dr Chatzi (R01ES030691, R01ES029944, R01ES030364, R21ES029681, and P30ES007048). The views expressed are those of the authors, and not necessarily those of the NHS or the NIHR. None of the funders were involved in designing the study, collecting the data, analyzing or interpreting the data, deciding to submit the article for publication, or the writing of the report., HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences [Singapour] (SICS), Bradford Institute for Health Research [Bradford, UK], Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust [Bradford, UK] (BTHFT), University of Leeds, Universitat de València (UV), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Binter, Anne-Claire, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Erasmus MC other, European Commission, Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA)
Subjects: Urban environment, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, Pregnancy, Cognició en els infants, 11. Sustainability, GE1-350, 030212 general & internal medicine, Children, Motor skill, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Desenvolupament urbà, General Environmental Science, SDG 15 - Life on Land, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Air Pollutants, 4. Education, motor function, Cohort, cohort, SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities, 3. Good health, Child, Preschool, Birth Cohort, Female, Cognitive function, Psychology, Population, Gross motor skill, 03 medical and health sciences, children, Urban planning, Air Pollution, medicine, Humans, education, Motor function, cognitive function, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Environmental Exposure, medicine.disease, urban environment, Confidence interval, Environmental sciences, Spain, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Particulate Matter, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Demography
Abstract: [EN]Background: The urban environment may influence neurodevelopment from conception onwards, but there is no evaluation of the impact of multiple groups of exposures simultaneously. We investigated the association between early-life urban environment and cognitive and motor function in children. Methods: We used data from 5403 mother-child pairs from four population-based birth-cohorts (UK, France, Spain, and Greece). We estimated thirteen urban home exposures during pregnancy and childhood, including: built environment, natural spaces, and air pollution. Verbal, non-verbal, gross motor, and fine motor functions were assessed using validated tests at five years old. We ran adjusted multi-exposure models using the Deletion-Substitution-Addition algorithm. Results: Higher greenness exposure within 300 m during pregnancy was associated with higher verbal abilities (1.5 points (95% confidence interval 0.4, 2.7) per 0.20 unit increase in greenness). Higher connectivity density within 100 m and land use diversity during pregnancy were related to lower verbal abilities. Childhood exposure to PM2.5 mediated 74% of the association between greenness during childhood and verbal abilities. Higher exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy was related to lower fine motor function (-1.2 points (-2.1, -0.4) per 3.2 mu g/m3 increase in PM2.5). No associations were found with non-verbal abilities and gross motor function. Discussion: This study suggests that built environment, greenness, and air pollution may impact child cognitive and motor function at five years old. This study adds evidence that well-designed urban planning may benefit children's cognitive and motor development. Acknowledgements We are grateful to all the participating children, parents, practi-tioners and researchers in the four countries who took part in this study. This work was supported by funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-206 n 308333; the HELIX project] . This INMA cohort was funded by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Red INMA G03/176; CB06/02/0041; PI041436; PI081151 incl. FEDER funds, FIS PI06/0867, FIS-PI09/00090, FIS and FIS-PI18/01142 incl. FEDER funds, FIS-FEDER: PI03/1615, PI04/1509, PI04/1112, PI04/1931, PI05/1079, PI05/1052, PI06/1213, PI07/0314, PI09/02647, PI11/01007, PI11/02591, PI11/02038, PI13/1944, PI13/2032, PI14/00891, PI14/01687, PI16/1288, PI16/00118 and PI17/00663; FIS-FSE: 17/00260; Miguel Servet-FEDER CP11/00178, CP15/00025, CPII16/00051, and CPII18/00018) , from UE (FP7-ENV-2011 cod 282957, HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1, and H2020 n 824989) , Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT 1999SGR 00241, Fundacio La marato de TV3 (090430) , Generalitat Valenciana: FISABIO (UGP 15-230, UGP-15-244, and UGP-15-249) , Alicia Koplowitz Foundation 2017, CIBERESP, Department of Health of the Basque Government (2013111089, 2009111069, 2013111089, 2015111065 and 2018111086) , Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa (DFG06/002, DFG08/001, DFG15/221 and DFG 89/17) and annual agreements with the municipalities of the study area (Zumarraga, Urretxu , Legazpi, Azkoitia y Azpeitia y Beasain) . We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Inno-vation and the State Research Agency through the "Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019-2023" Program (CEX2018-000806-S) , and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program. The work was also supported by MICINN [MTM2015-68140-R] and Centro Nacional de Genotipado-CEGEN-PRB2-ISCIII (Spain) . The Rhea project was financially supported by European projects, and the Greek Ministry of Health (Program of Prevention of obesity and neurodevelopmental disorders in preschool children, in Heraklion district, Crete, Greece: 2011-2014; "Rhea Plus": Primary Prevention Program of Environmental Risk Factors for Reproductive Health, and Child Health: 2012-15) . This paper presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) under its Collaboration for Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) for Yorkshire and Humber (UK) . The EDEN study was supported by Foundation for medical research (FRM) , National Agency for Research (ANR) , National Institute for Research inPublic health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte sante 2008 program) , French Min-istry of Health (DGS) , French Ministry of Research, INSERM Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A) , and Human Nutrition Na-tional Research Programs, Paris-Sud University, Nestle, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS) , French National Institute for Health Education (INPES) , the European Union FP7 pro-grams (ESCAPE, ENRIECO, Medall projects) , Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD) ) , French Agency for Environmental Health Safety and French National Agency for Food Security (now ANSES) , Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale a complementary health insurance (MGEN) , French-speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM) . Core support for Born in Bradford is also provided by the Wellcome Trust (WT101597MA, UK) . Born in Bradford (BiB) is only possible because of the enthusiasm and commitment of the children and parents in BiB. We are grateful to all the participants, health professionals, schools and researchers who have made BiB happen. BiB receives funding from the ESRC/MRC, the Wellcome Trust (WT101597MA) and the National Institute for Health Research York-shire and Humber ARC (reference: NIHR20016) . M. Mon-Williams was supported by a Fellowship from the Alan Turing Institute. Additional funding from the National Institute of Environmental Health Science supported Dr Chatzi (R01ES030691, R01ES029944, R01ES030364, R21ES029681, and P30ES007048) . The views expressed are those of the authors, and not necessarily those of the NHS or the NIHR. None of the funders were involved in designing the study, collecting the data, analyzing or interpreting the data, deciding to submit the article for publication, or the writing of the report. Data sharing statement The HELIX data warehouse has been established as an accessible resource for collaborative research involving researchers external to the project. Access to HELIX data is based on approval by the HELIX Project Executive Committee and by the individual cohorts. Further details on the content of the data warehouse (data catalogue) and procedures for external access are described on the project website (http:// www.proj-ecthelix.eu/index.php/es/data-inventory) .
Published: 2022

33. Metabolic perturbations prior to hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis: Findings from a prospective observational cohort study

Author: Eva Ardanaz, Agnetha Linn Rostgaard-Hansen, Alessio Naccarati, Elisabete Weiderpass, Pekka Keski-Rahkonen, Rudolf Kaaks, Tilman Kühn, Anna Winkvist, Jośe Mariá Huerta, H. B. Bueno-De-Mesquita, Guri Skeie, Pietro Ferrari, Krasimira Aleksandrova, Gabriel Perlemuter, Augustin Scalbert, Olatz Mokoroa, Giovanna Tagliabue, Marc J. Gunter, Kim Overvad, José Ramón Quirós, Agneta Kiss, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Yahya Mahamat-Saleh, Talita Duarte-Salles, Nivonirina Robinot, Anne Tjønneland, Antonia Trichopoulou, Julie A. Schmidt, Christina C. Dahm, Roel Vermeulen, Rosario Tumino, Núria Sala, Joseph A. Rothwell, Sophia Harlid, Magdalena Stepien, Klas Sjöberg, Vivian Viallon, Neil Murphy, Anna Karakatsani, Salvatore Panico, Nicholas J. Wareham, María José Sánchez, Francesca Mancini, Domenico Palli, Mazda Jenab, Elio Riboli, Bodil Ohlsson, Kay-Tee Khaw, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut National Du Cancer, INCa: 2014-1-RT-02-CIRC-1 Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport, VWS Cancer Research UK, CRUK: C570/A16491 Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport, VWS Ligue Contre le Cancer German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm Kræftens Bekæmpelse, DCS National Research Council, NRC 6236 Hellenic Health Foundation, HHF Fondation Gustave Roussy European Commission, EC Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, CIRC Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, AIRC RD06/0020 Deutsche Krebshilfe World Cancer Research Fund, WCRF Cancerfonden Medical Research Council, MRC: MR/M012190/1, This work was supported by the French National Cancer Institute (L'Institut National du Cancer, INCA) (grant number 2014-1-RT-02-CIRC-1, PI: M. Jenab). The coordination of EPIC is financially supported by the European Commission (DG-SANCO), and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The national cohorts are supported by Danish Cancer Society (Denmark), Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle G?n?rale de l'Education Nationale, and Institut National de la Sant? et de la Recherche M?dicale (INSERM) (France), Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), and Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Hellenic Health Foundation (Greece), Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC), National Research Council, and AIRE-ONLUS Ragusa, AVIS Ragusa, Sicilian Government (Italy), Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), and Statistics Netherlands (the Netherlands), and Nordic Center of Excellence Programme on Food, Nutrition and Health (Norway), Health Research Fund (FIS), Regional Governments of Andaluc?a, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia (No. 6236) and Navarra, and ISCIII RETIC (RD06/0020) and the Catalan Institute of Oncology (Spain), Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, and Regional Government of Sk?ne and V?sterbotten (Sweden), Cancer Research UK (14136 for EPIC-Norfolk and C570/A16491 for EPIC-Oxford) and the Medical Research Council (1000143 for EPIC-Norfolk and MR/M012190/1 for EPIC-Oxford) (UK). The funding sources had no influence on the design of the study, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, the writing of the report, and or the decision to submit the paper for publication. Disclaimer: Where authors are identified as personnel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, the authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization.
Subjects: Male, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, prospective observational cohort, Glycocholic acid, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Mass Spectrometry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, Internal medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Humans, Metabolomics, Prospective Studies, Aged, Hepatitis, business.industry, Liver Neoplasms, Cancer, Feeding Behavior, hepatocellular carcinoma, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, untargeted metabolomics, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Cohort, Female, business, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Chromatography, Liquid, Cohort study
Abstract: International audience; Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development entails changes in liver metabolism. Current knowledge on metabolic perturbations in HCC is derived mostly from case-control designs, with sparse information from prospective cohorts. Our objective was to apply comprehensive metabolite profiling to detect metabolites whose serum concentrations are associated with HCC development, using biological samples from within the prospective European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort (>520 000 participants), where we identified 129 HCC cases matched 1:1 to controls. We conducted high-resolution untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics on serum samples collected at recruitment prior to cancer diagnosis. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was applied controlling for dietary habits, alcohol consumption, smoking, body size, hepatitis infection and liver dysfunction. Corrections for multiple comparisons were applied. Of 9206 molecular features detected, 220 discriminated HCC cases from controls. Detailed feature annotation revealed 92 metabolites associated with HCC risk, of which 14 were unambiguously identified using pure reference standards. Positive HCC-risk associations were observed for N1-acetylspermidine, isatin, p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid, tyrosine, sphingosine, l,l-cyclo(leucylprolyl), glycochenodeoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid and 7-methylguanine. Inverse risk associations were observed for retinol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, glycerophosphocholine, γ-carboxyethyl hydroxychroman and creatine. Discernible differences for these metabolites were observed between cases and controls up to 10 years prior to diagnosis. Our observations highlight the diversity of metabolic perturbations involved in HCC development and replicate previous observations (metabolism of bile acids, amino acids and phospholipids) made in Asian and Scandinavian populations. These findings emphasize the role of metabolic pathways associated with steroid metabolism and immunity and specific dietary and environmental exposures in HCC development.
Published: 2020

34. Halving food-related greenhouse gas emissions can be achieved by redistributing meat consumption: progressive optimization Results of the NutriNet-Santé cohort

Author: Julia Baudry, Denis Lairon, Alison Dussiot, Philippe Pointereau, Brigitte Langevin, Benjamin Allès, Pauline Rebouillat, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Mathilde Touvier, Joséphine Brunin, Serge Hercberg, François Mariotti, Hélène Fouillet, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA (UMR 0914)), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), SOLAGRO, Solagro, Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie (ADEME), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Association Solagro (Solagro), The NutriNet-Sante study is funded by FrenchMinistry of Health and Social Affairs, Sante Publique France, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers, and Sorbonne Paris Nord University. The BioNutriNet project was supported by the French National Research Agency (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) in the context of the 2013 Programme de Recherche Systemes Alimentaires Durables (ANR-13-ALID-0001). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation of data, preparation of the manuscript, and decision to submit the paper., ANR-13-ALID-0001,BioNutriNet,Consommation d'aliments issus de l'agriculture biologique: déterminants et motivation vis-à-vis de la durabilité, impact nutritionnel, économique, environnemental et toxicologique(2013), Kesse-guyot, Emmanuelle, and Systèmes Alimentaires Durables - Consommation d'aliments issus de l'agriculture biologique: déterminants et motivation vis-à-vis de la durabilité, impact nutritionnel, économique, environnemental et toxicologique - - BioNutriNet2013 - ANR-13-ALID-0001 - ALID - VALID
Subjects: Adult, Male, Meat, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Animal food, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Food Supply, Nutrition Policy, Greenhouse Gases, Nutrient, Animal science, Ruminant, Animals, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, Aged, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Consumption (economics), [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, biology, business.industry, Intensive farming, greenhouse gas emissions, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, co-product tradeoffs, Pollution, Diet, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, diet sustainability, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, 13. Climate action, Greenhouse gas, Cohort, Food processing, Environmental science, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, optimization modelling, Energy Intake, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Background Diet-related greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) mainly comes from animal-sourced foods. As progressive changes are more acceptable for a sustainable food transition, we aimed to identify nutritionally adequate and culturally acceptable optimized diets ensuring a gradual reduction in GHGe, using observed diet from a large sample of French adults, while considering the mode of food production (organic vs conventional farming) and the co-production link between milk and beef. Material and method Based on the consumption of 257 organic and conventional foods among 29,413 participants (75% women, age: 53.5 ± 14.0y) of the NutriNet-Sante study, we modelled optimal diets according to GHGe reduction scenarios in 5% steps, from 0 to 50% with nutritional, acceptability, and coproduct constraints, for men, premenopausal and menopausal women separately. Results Gradual GHGe decrease under these constraints led to optimal diets with an overall decrease in animal foods, with marked reductions in dairy products (up to −83%), together with a stable but largely redistributed meat consumption in favor of poultry (up to +182%) and pork (up to +46%) and at the expense of ruminant meat (down to −92%). Amounts of legumes increases dramatically (up to +238%). The greater the reduction in diet-related GHGe, the lower the cumulative energy demand (about −25%) and land use (about −43%). The proportion of organic food increased from ~30% in the observed diets to ~70% in the optimized diets. Conclusion Our results suggest that meeting both nutrient reference value and environmental objectives of up to 50% GHGe reduction requires the reduction of animal foods together with important substitutions between animal food groups, which result in drastic reductions in beef and dairy products. Further research is required to explore alignment with long-term health value and conflict with acceptability, in particular for even greater GHGe reductions.
Published: 2021

35. Family, social and cultural determinants of long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) use in Madagascar: secondary analysis of three qualitative studies focused on children aged 5–15 years

Author: Andry Andrianasolo, Ammy Fiadanana Njatosoa, Chiarella Mattern, Bakoly Rahaivondrafahitra, Christophe Rogier, Mauricette Andriamananjara, Aina Harimanana, Thomas Kesteman, Dolorès Pourette, Elliot Rakotomanana, Jocelyn Razafindrakoto, Emma Raboanary, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre population et développement (CEPED - UMR_D 196), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Paris (UP), Unité de Recherche sur le Paludisme [Antananarivo, Madagascar], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Hanoi] (OUCRU), Population Services International Madagascar [Antananarivo], Population Services International [Washington], Ministère de la Santé Publique [Antananarivo, Madagascar], U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative [Antananarivo] (PMI), U.S. President's Malaria Initiative [Atlanta, GA,], Institut international des sciences sociales [Antananarivo] (IISS), Primum Vitare, The publication process of this paper has been funded by USAID through the Research, Innovation, Surveillance and Evaluation (RISE) programme., Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Mosquito Control, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Adolescent, lcsh:RC955-962, LLIN use, 030231 tropical medicine, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Ethnic group, Qualitative property, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, parasitic diseases, medicine, Madagascar, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, 030212 general & internal medicine, Children over five, Insecticide-Treated Bednets, Child, Disease burden, Research, Public health, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Malaria, Infectious Diseases, Geography, Child, Preschool, Mosquito net, Female, Parasitology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Thematic analysis, Sociocultural factors, Qualitative research
Abstract: BackgroundAlthough it is accepted that long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) use is an effective means to prevent malaria, children aged 5 to 15 years do not appear to be sufficiently protected in Madagascar; the malaria prevalence is highest in this age group. The purpose of this research is to summarize recent qualitative studies describing LLIN use among the Malagasy people with a focus on children aged 5–15 years.MethodsQualitative data from three studies on malaria conducted between 2012 and 2016 in 10 districts of Madagascar were analysed. These studies cover all malaria epidemiological profiles and 10 of the 18 existing ethnic groups in Madagascar. A thematic analysis was conducted on the collected data from semi-structured interviews, direct observation data, and informal interviews.ResultsA total of 192 semi-structured interviews were conducted. LLINs are generally perceived positively because they protect the health and well-being of users. However, regional representations of mosquito nets may contribute to LLIN lower use by children over 5 years of age including the association between married status and LLIN use, which leads to the refusal of unmarried young men to sleep under LLINs; the custom of covering the dead with a mosquito net, which leads to fear of LLIN use; and taboos governing sleeping spaces for siblings of opposite sexes, which leads to LLIN shortages in households. Children under 5 years of age are known to be the most vulnerable age group for acquiring malaria and, therefore, are prioritized for LLIN use when there are limited supplies in households. In contrast, children over 5 years of age, who are perceived to be at less risk for malaria, often sleep without LLINs.ConclusionsPerceptions, social practices and regional beliefs regarding LLINs and vulnerability to malaria contribute to the nonuse of LLINs among children over 5 years of age in Madagascar. Modifying LLIN policies to account for these factors may increase LLIN use in this age group and reduce disease burden.
Published: 2021

36. Association between food insecurity and depression among older adults from low- and middle-income countries

Author: Lee Smith, Yvonne Barnett, Igor Grabovac, Hans Oh, Louis Jacob, Nicola Veronese, Lin Yang, Ai Koyanagi, Guillermo F. López-Sánchez, Jae Il Shin, Pinar Soysal, Daragh T. McDermott, SOYSAL, PINAR, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), National Institute on Aging, NIA: 08-CN-0020, OGHA 04034785, R01-AG034479, R21-AG034263, Y1-AG-1005, YA1323 Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, Newcastle University, SAgE, This paper uses data from WHO's Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the US National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323?08-CN-0020, Y1-AG-1005?01 and through research grants R01-AG034479 and R21-AG034263., Smith, L., Il Shin, J., McDermott, D., Jacob, L., Barnett, Y., López-Sánchez, G.F., Veronese, N., Yang, L., Soysal, P., Oh, H., Grabovac, I., and Koyanagi, A.
Subjects: Male, China, Psychological intervention, India, Logistic regression, Ghana, Odds, Russia, 03 medical and health sciences, South Africa, 0302 clinical medicine, older adults, Environmental health, food insecurity, Prevalence, Medicine, Humans, low- and middle-income countries, Association (psychology), Developing Countries, Mexico, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, 1. No poverty, Middle Aged, Mental health, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Food insecurity, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, low- and middle-income countrie, depression, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Smith L., Il Shin J., McDermott D., Jacob L., Barnett Y., López-Sánchez G. F. , Veronese N., Yang L., Soysal P., Oh H., et al., -Association between food insecurity and depression among older adults from low- and middle-income countries.-, Depression and anxiety, 2021, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background:\ud \ud To examine the association between self‐reported food insecurity and depression in 34,129 individuals aged ≥50 years from six low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) (China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa).\ud \ud Methods:\ud \ud Cross‐sectional, community‐based, nationally representative data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. Self‐reported past 12‐month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on frequency of eating less and hunger due to lack of food. Questions based on the World Mental Health Survey version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview were used for the endorsement of past 12‐month DSM‐IV depression. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and meta‐analysis were conducted to assess associations.\ud \ud Results:\ud \ud In total, 34,129 individuals aged ≥50 years [mean (SD) age, 62.4 (16.0) years; 52.1% females] were included in the analysis. Overall, the prevalence of moderate and severe food insecurity was 6.7% and 5.1%, respectively, while the prevalence of depression was 6.0%. Meta‐analyses based on countrywise estimates showed that overall, moderate food insecurity (vs. no food insecurity) is associated with a nonsignificant 1.69 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.82–3.48) times higher odds for depression, while severe food insecurity is significantly associated with 2.43 (95% CI = 1.65–3.57) times higher odds for depression.\ud \ud Conclusions:\ud \ud In this large representative sample of older adults from six LMICs, those with severe food insecurity were over two times more likely to suffer from depression (compared with no food insecurity). Utilizing lay health counselors and psychological interventions may be effective mechanisms to reduce depression among food‐insecure populations. Interventions to address food insecurity (e.g., supplemental nutrition programs) may reduce depression at the population level but future longitudinal studies are warranted.
Published: 2021

37. Statin Use and Skin Cancer Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study

Author: Trude Eid Robsahm, Agnès Fournier, Yahya Mahamat-Saleh, Reza Ghiasvand, Marina Kvaskoff, Manon Cairat, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Iris Cervenka, Marie Al Rahmoun, Gianluca Severi, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Cancer Registry of Norway, International Agency for Cancer Research (IACR), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), 2102 918823, NCT03285230, Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, CIRC, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR: ANR-10-COHO-0006, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm, Institut National Du Cancer, INCa: INCa_13539, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale, MGEN, We are grateful to the study participants for their continued participation and to practitioners for providing pathology reports. We also thank all members of the E3N study group, particularly Rafika Cha?t, Ghizlane Bajawi-Esselma, Amandine Gelot, Marie Fangon, Pascale Gerbouin-R?rolle, Sabine Moreira-Faria, Nad?ge Senina, Sofiane Harizi, Lyan Hoang, Anita Kowal, and Camille Laplanche for their technical assistance. The E3N cohort from the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) was supported by the Mutuelle G?n?rale de l'Education Nationale, the Gustave Roussy Institute, and the French League against Cancer. E3N-E4N is also supported by the French National Research Agency under the Investment for the Future Program (ANR-10-COHO-0006) and by the French Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation (subsidy for public service charges #2102 918823). MAR, YMS, and IC were supported by research scholarships from the French National Cancer Institute (MAR: INCa_13539), the Paris Ile-de-France region, and the French Ministry of Research, respectively. This study is listed at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03285230. The work reported in this paper was performed during Agn?s Fournier's term as a Visiting Scientist at the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Conceptualization: MK, AF, Data Curation: MAR, AF, Formal Analysis: MAR, Funding Acquisition: MAR, MK, AF, Investigation: MAR, MK, AF, Methodology: MK, AF, Project Administration: MK, AF, Resources: GS, MCBR, MK, AF, Software: MAR, AF, Supervision: MK, AF, Visualization: MAR, Validation: MK, AF, Writing - Original Draft Preparation: MAR, RG, TER, MK, AF, Writing - Review and Editing: MAR, RG, MC, YMS, IC, GS, MCBR, TER, MK, AF, Funding sources had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, writing of the report, and the decision to submit the article for publication., ANR-10-COHO-0006,E4N,Etude Epidémiologique des Enfants de femmes de l'Education Nationale(2010), HAL UVSQ, Équipe, and Cohortes - Etude Epidémiologique des Enfants de femmes de l'Education Nationale - - E4N2010 - ANR-10-COHO-0006 - COHO - VALID
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Skin Neoplasms, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Dermatology, Biochemistry, Cohort Studies, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Basal cell carcinoma, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Melanoma, Molecular Biology, Proportional Hazards Models, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Cell Biology, [SDV.MHEP.DERM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Dermatology, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Defined daily dose, Carcinoma, Basal Cell, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SP.PHARMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Skin cancer, business, Body mass index, [SDV.MHEP.DERM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Dermatology
Abstract: International audience; Epidemiological studies on statin use in relation to skin cancer risk are scarce and yielded conflicting results. We explored this association in Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de l'Education Nationale, a prospective cohort of French women born in 1925–1950. Health and lifestyle data were self-reported biennially and matched with drug reimbursement data, allowing the identification of participants’ statin use since 2004. Multivariable cause-specific hazards regression models adjusted for skin cancer risk factors estimated hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Over 2004–2014, 455 cutaneous melanoma, 1,741 basal cell carcinoma, and 268 squamous cell carcinoma cases were ascertained among 62,473 women. Compared with never use, there were no associations between ever use of statins and melanoma (hazard ratio = 1.16, 95% confidence interval = 0.94–1.44) or squamous cell carcinoma (hazard ratio = 0.89, 95% confidence interval = 0.66–1.19) risks and a decrease in basal cell carcinoma risk with ever use of statins (hazard ratio = 0.89, 95% confidence interval = 0.79–0.996). We found no trend of increasing or decreasing risks with dose, duration of use, time since first use, or age at first use and no statistically significant effect modification by pigmentary traits or residential UVR exposure. Because of the limited number of studies evaluating the associations between the use of statins and the risks of melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, these findings would deserve further investigation in other settings.
Published: 2022

38. Prospective Cohort Study of Infective Endocarditis in People Who Inject Drugs

Author: David R. Murdoch, Nuria Fernández-Hidalgo, Eugene Athan, Juan M. Pericàs, José M. Miró, Tomáš Freiberger, Pierre Tattevin, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Francisco Nacinovich, Marta Hernández-Meneses, Vivian H. Chu, Zeina A. Kanafani, Jacob Strahilevitz, Jaume Llopis, Cristiane da Cruz Lamas, Margaret M. Hannan, University of Barcelona, Deakin University [Burwood], University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center [Jerusalem], Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Duke University [Durham], This study was supported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (# E26/202.782/2015 to Dr. Lamas), Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (V-2003-REDC14A-O), and Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias de la Seguridad Social (FIS 00-0475) (Dr. Miro). Dr. Miro has received a personal 80:20 research grant from the Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain, for 2017 to 2021. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., Pericas, J. M., Llopis, J., Athan, E., Hernandez-Meneses, M., Hannan, M. M., Murdoch, D. R., Kanafani, Z., Freiberger, T., Strahilevitz, J., Fernandez-Hidalgo, N., Lamas, C., Durante-Mangoni, E., Tattevin, P., Nacinovich, F., Chu, V. H., Miro, J. M., and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Staphylococcus aureus, cardiac surgery, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], infective endocarditi, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Logistic regression, medicine.disease_cause, Global Health, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Interquartile range, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, Aged, Prosthetic valve, people who inject drug, Endocarditis, business.industry, Public health, Incidence, HIV, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Cardiac surgery, people who inject drugs, Infective endocarditis, opioid crisis, Female, infective endocarditis, opioid crisi, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: International audience; Background - Infective endocarditis (IE) in people who inject drugs (PWID) is an emergent public health problem. Objectives - The purpose of this study was to investigate IE in PWID and compare it with IE in non-PWID patients. Methods - Two prospective cohort studies (ICE-PCS and ICE-Plus databases, encompassing 8,112 IE episodes from 2000 to 2006 and 2008 to 2012, with 64 and 34 sites and 28 and 18 countries, respectively). Outcomes were compared between PWID and non-PWID patients with IE. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate risk factors for 6-month mortality and relapses amongst PWID. Results - A total of 7,616 patients (591 PWID and 7,025 non-PWID) were included. PWID patients were significantly younger (median 37.0 years [interquartile range: 29.5 to 44.2 years] vs. 63.3 years [interquartile range: 49.3 to 74.0 years]; p
Published: 2021

39. Association between food insecurity and fall-related injury among adults aged ≥65 years in low- and middle-income countries: The role of mental health conditions

Author: Jae Il Shin, Igor Grabovac, Louis Jacob, Lee Smith, Guillermo F. López-Sánchez, Yvonne Barnett, Pinar Soysal, Hans Oh, Nicola Veronese, Ai Koyanagi, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, This paper uses data from WHO's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785 , YA1323-08-CN-0020 , Y1-AG-1005-01 and through research grants R01-AG034479 and R21-AG034263 ., SOYSAL, PINAR, Smith, L., Shin, J.I., López-Sánchez, G.F., Veronese, N., Soysal, P., Oh, H., Grabovac, I., Barnett, Y., Jacob, L., and Koyanagi, A.
Subjects: Male, Aging, Health (social science), Low- and middle-income countries, Psychological intervention, Logistic regression, Food Supply, Odds, 03 medical and health sciences, Older adults, 0302 clinical medicine, Fall-related injury, Environmental health, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Developing Countries, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, 2. Zero hunger, 030214 geriatrics, Food insecurity, business.industry, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Confounding, Cognition, MESH: Accidental Falls, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Developing Countries, Female, Food Insecurity, Food Supply, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Prevalence, Mental health, 3. Good health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Mental Health, Low- and middle-income countrie, Anxiety, Accidental Falls, Female, Geriatrics and Gerontology, medicine.symptom, business, Gerontology, The role of mental health conditions.-, Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, cilt.96, ss.104438, 2021 [Smith L., Shin J. I. , López-Sánchez G. F. , Veronese N., Soysal P., Oh H., Grabovac I., Barnett Y., Jacob L., Koyanagi A., -Association between food insecurity and fall-related injury among adults aged ≥65 years in low- and middle-income countries]
Abstract: Purpose:\ud \ud We investigated the association between food insecurity and fall-related injury among older adults from six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and the extent to which this association is mediated by mental health.\ud \ud Methods:\ud \ud Cross-sectional, community-based, nationally representative data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. Past 12-month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on frequency of eating less and hunger due to lack of food. Fall-related injury referred to those that occurred in the past 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and mediation analysis were conducted to assess associations.\ud \ud Results:\ud \ud Data on 14,585 adults aged ≥65 years [mean (SD) age 72.5 (11.5) years; 54.9% females] were analyzed. After adjustment for potential confounders, severe food insecurity (versus no food insecurity) was associated with 1.95 (95%CI = 1.11–3.41) times higher odds for fall-related injury. Moderate food insecurity was not significantly associated with fall-related injury (OR = 1.34; 95%CI = 0.81–2.25). The mediation analysis showed that 37.3%, 21.8%, 17.7%, and 14.0% of the association between severe food insecurity and fall-related injury was explained by anxiety, sleep problems, depression, and cognition, respectively.\ud \ud Conclusion:\ud \ud Severe food insecurity was associated with higher odds for injurious falls among older adults in LMICs, and a large proportion of this association may be explained by mental health complications. Interventions to improve mental health among those who are food insecure and a strong focus on societal and government efforts to reduce food insecurity may contribute to a decrease in injurious falls.
Published: 2021

40. Physical functional performance and prognosis in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: Antonio Cuesta-Vargas, Ricardo Gómez-Huelgas, María Rosa Bernal-López, Iván José Fuentes-Abolafio, Brendon Stubbs, Luis M. Pérez-Belmonte, [Fuentes-Abolafio,IJ, Cuesta-Vargas,AI] Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Malaga, The Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), Clinimetric Group FE-14, Malaga, Spain. [Stubbs,B] Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK. [Stubbs,B] Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK. [Stubbs,B] Positive Ageing Research Intitute (PARI), Faculty of Health Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK. [Pérez-Belmonte,LM, Bernal-López,MR, Gómez-Huelgas,R] Internal Medicine Department, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Malaga (IBIMA), Regional University Hospital of Málaga, Málaga, Spain. [Pérez-Belmonte,LM] Unidad de Neurofisiología Cognitiva, Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias (CIMES), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (CEI) Andalucía Tech, Málaga, Spain. [Pérez-Belmonte,LM] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. [Bernal-López,MR, Gómez-Huelgas,R] CIBER Fisio-patología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. [Cuesta-Vargas,AI] School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health at the Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., and Brendon Stubbs is supported by a Clinical Lectureship (ICA-CL-2017-03-001) jointly funded by Health Education England (HEE) and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR). Brendon Stubbs is part funded by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. Brendon Stubbs is also supported by the Maudsley Charity, King’s College London and the NIHR South London Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) funding. This paper presents independent research. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the acknowledged institutions. María Rosa Bernal-López was supported by 'Miguel Servet Type I' program (CP15/00028) from the ISCIII-Madrid (Spain), cofinanced by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-FEDER.
Subjects: Male, lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, Hospitalización, Health Care::Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Assessment [Medical Subject Headings], Walking, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings], 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Physical functional performance, Hospitalisation, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Phenomena and Processes::Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Processes::Movement::Motor Activity::Exercise::Walking [Medical Subject Headings], Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings], Aged, 80 and over, Insuficiencia cardíaca, Pronóstico, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Cardiac surgery, Hospitalization, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Patient Care::Hospitalization [Medical Subject Headings], Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Research Design::Sensitivity and Specificity::Predictive Value of Tests [Medical Subject Headings], Meta-analysis, Female, Gait Analysis, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings], Walk Test, Functional tests, Heart failure, CINAHL, Health Care::Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings], Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Predictive Value of Tests, Humans, In patient, Mortality, Aged, Angiology, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular::Heart Function Tests::Exercise Test [Medical Subject Headings], business.industry, Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases::Heart Diseases::Heart Failure [Medical Subject Headings], Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings], Evidence-based medicine, medicine.disease, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Gait [Medical Subject Headings], Functional Status, Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings], lcsh:RC666-701, Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged::Aged, 80 and over [Medical Subject Headings], Mortalidad, Physical therapy, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Prognosis [Medical Subject Headings], Observational study, business, Rendimiento físico funcional
Abstract: Background Patients with Heart Failure (HF) show impaired functional capacities which have been related to their prognosis. Moreover, physical functional performance in functional tests has also been related to the prognosis in patients with HF. Thus, it would be useful to investigate how physical functional performance in functional tests could determine the prognosis in patients with HF, because HF is the leading cause of hospital admissions for people older than 65 years old. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarise and synthesise the evidence published about the relationship between physical functional performance and prognosis in patients with HF, as well as assess the risk of bias of included studies and the level of evidence per outcome. Methods Major electronic databases, such as PubMed, AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, Web of Science, were searched from inception to March 2020 for observational longitudinal cohort studies (prospective or retrospective) examining the relationship between physical functional performance and prognosis in patients with HF. Results 44 observational longitudinal cohort studies with a total of 22,598 patients with HF were included. 26 included studies reported a low risk of bias, and 17 included studies showed a moderate risk of bias. Patients with poor physical functional performance in the Six Minute Walking Test (6MWT), in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and in the Gait Speed Test showed worse prognosis in terms of larger risk of hospitalisation or mortality than patients with good physical functional performance. However, there was a lack of homogeneity regarding which cut-off points should be used to stratify patients with poor physical functional performance from patients with good physical functional performance. Conclusion The review includes a large number of studies which show a strong relationship between physical functional performance and prognosis in patients with HF. Most of the included studies reported a low risk of bias, and GRADE criteria showed a low and a moderate level of evidence per outcome.
Published: 2020

41. Grammatical Gender and Anthropomorphism: 'It' Depends on the Language

Author: Alican Mecit, L. J. Shrum, Tina M. Lowrey, Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Paris), and HEC Paris Research Paper Series
Subjects: Male, Sociology and Political Science, Social Psychology, Turkish, media_common.quotation_subject, 050109 social psychology, Psycholinguistics, 050105 experimental psychology, Leverage (negotiation), Perception, Animals, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, psycholinguistics, Language, media_common, Grammatical gender, 05 social sciences, anthropomorphism, Gender Identity, Linguistics, language.human_language, Antecedent (grammar), language, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Female, Psychology, Natural language
Abstract: Consumers often anthropomorphize non-human entities. In this research, we investigate a novel antecedent of anthropomorphism: language. Some languages (e.g., English) make a grammatical distinction between humans (he, she) and non-humans (it), whereas other languages (e.g., French) do not (all objects are gender-marked). We propose that such grammatical structures of languages influence the way individuals mentally represent non-human entities, and as a result, their generalized tendencies to anthropomorphize such entities. Across 10 studies, we provide evidence that speakers of languages that do not grammatically distinguish between humans and non-humans (it-less languages) anthropomorphize more than do speakers of languages that do make this distinction (non-it-less languages). We demonstrate the effects across natural languages (French, Turkish, English) and by manipulating grammatical gender. We show that the effects are observable in naturally occurring consumer contexts (e.g., secondary sales data), and that gender-marking in it-less languages influences consumers’ interactions with brands, even though the gender-markings are semantically arbitrary, and that these effects occur nonconsciously. Our findings have implications for the broader debate on the extent to which language influences thought, and also suggest ways in which managers can leverage nonconscious grammatical anthropomorphism to influence consumer perceptions, attitudes, and behavior.
Published: 2020

42. Variation in Anopheles distribution and predictors of malaria infection risk across regions of Madagascar

Author: Marcia C. Castro, Gauthier N. Emile, Romain Girod, Christopher D. Golden, Benjamin L. Rice, Hervet J. Randriamady, Nicholas J. Arisco, Luciano Michaël Tantely, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University [Cambridge], Unité d'Entomologie Médicale [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Madagascar Health and Environmental Research [Maroantsetra, Madagascar] (MAHERY), and We are grateful for the support from the United States Agency for International Development (Grant AID-FFP-A-14-00,008) implemented by Catholic Relief Services (CRS) in consortium with four local implementing partners in Madagascar. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and not necessarily the views and opinions of the United States Agency for International Development. GeoStore funds provided by Airbus Defense & Space (Grant AH08211501).
Subjects: Male, Environmental change, Range (biology), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Distribution (economics), MESH: Madagascar, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Risk Factors, Planetary health, MESH: Demography, MESH: Risk Factors, MESH: Child, Disease ecology, MESH: Animals, MESH: Ecosystem, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Land use change, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, 2. Zero hunger, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, Multilevel model, Anopheles, Middle Aged, MESH: Infant, Infectious Diseases, Geography, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Female, MESH: Mosquito Vectors, Adult, MESH: Socioeconomic Factors, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Adolescent, lcsh:RC955-962, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Malaria, Mosquito Vectors, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, MESH: Anopheles, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, Deforestation, Environmental health, Vector-borne disease, parasitic diseases, medicine, Madagascar, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Socioeconomic status, Ecosystem, Aged, Demography, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Research, MESH: Child, Preschool, MESH: Animal Distribution, Infant, MESH: Adult, 15. Life on land, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Male, Malaria, Cross-Sectional Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, Parasitology, business, Animal Distribution, MESH: Female
Abstract: Background Deforestation and land use change is widespread in Madagascar, altering local ecosystems and creating opportunities for disease vectors, such as the Anopheles mosquito, to proliferate and more easily reach vulnerable, rural populations. Knowledge of risk factors associated with malaria infections is growing globally, but these associations remain understudied across Madagascar’s diverse ecosystems experiencing rapid environmental change. This study aims to uncover socioeconomic, demographic, and ecological risk factors for malaria infection across regions through analysis of a large, cross-sectional dataset. Methods The objectives were to assess (1) the ecological correlates of malaria vector breeding through larval surveys, and (2) the socioeconomic, demographic, and ecological risk factors for malaria infection in four ecologically distinct regions of rural Madagascar. Risk factors were determined using multilevel models for the four regions included in the study. Results The presence of aquatic agriculture (both within and surrounding communities) is the strongest predictive factor of habitats containing Anopheles larvae across all regions. Ecological and socioeconomic risk factors for malaria infection vary dramatically across study regions and range in their complexity. Conclusions Risk factors for malaria transmission differ dramatically across regions of Madagascar. These results may help stratifying current malaria control efforts in Madagascar beyond the scope of existing interventions.
Published: 2020

43. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 1420 European patients with mild‐to‐moderate coronavirus disease 2019

Author: Lechien, Jerome R., Chiesa‐Estomba, Carlos M., Place, Sammy, Van Laethem, Yves, Cabaraux, Pierre, Mat, Quentin, Huet, Kathy, Plzak, Jan, Horoi, Mihaela, Hans, Stéphane, Rosaria Barillari, Maria, Cammaroto, Giovanni, Fakhry, Nicolas, Martiny, Delphine, Ayad, Tareck, Jouffe, Lionel, Hopkins, Claire, Saussez, Sven, Blecic, Serge, De Siati, Daniele R., Leich, Pierre, Souchay, Christel, Rossi, Camelia, Journe, Fabrice, Hsieh, Julien, Ris, Laurence, El Afia, Fahd, Harmegnies, Bernard, Distinguin, Lea, Chekkoury‐Idrissi, Younes, Circiu, Marta, Lavigne, Philippe, Lopez Delgado, Irene, Calvo‐Henriquez, Christian, Falanga, Chiara, Coppee, Frederique, Le Bon, Serge Daniel, Rodriguez, Alexandra, Dequanter, Didier, Cornelis, Jean‐Philippe, Vergez, Sebastien, Koenen, Lukas, Giuditta, Mannelli, Molteni, Gabriele, Tucciarone, Manuel, Radulesco, Thomas, Khalife, Mohamad, Fourneau, Anne‐Francoise, Cherifi, Soraya, Manto, Mario, Michel, Justin, Mannelli, Giuditta, Cantarella, Giovanna, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), We would like to thank Bayesia (BayesiaLab?, Chang?, France) for the Network Analysis, Jean-Louis Vincent and Michel Van Haeverbeek for the review of the paper or their useful comments, the heads of the Hospitals, which have been involved in the study, for their help in the rapid conduction of the study and the agreement of ethics committees, the European Press/Media (i.e. Le Monde, La Libre, Le Soir, MediQuality, MedScape, and Le Specialiste) for their help in the spread of the information about the study, and FRMH & UMONS for the grant and the support., Lechien, J. R., Chiesa-Estomba, C. M., Place, S., Van Laethem, Y., Cabaraux, P., Mat, Q., Huet, K., Plzak, J., Horoi, M., Hans, S., Barillari, M. R., Cammaroto, G., Fakhry, N., Martiny, D., Ayad, T., Jouffe, L., Hopkins, C., Saussez, S., Blecic, S., De Siati, D. R., Leich, P., Souchay, C., Rossi, C., Journe, F., Hsieh, J., Ris, L., El Afia, F., Harmegnies, B., Distinguin, L., Chekkoury-Idrissi, Y., Circiu, M., Lavigne, P., Lopez Delgado, I., Calvo-Henriquez, C., Falanga, C., Coppee, F., Le Bon, S. D., Rodriguez, A., Dequanter, D., Cornelis, J. -P., Vergez, S., Koenen, L., Giuditta, M., Molteni, G., Tucciarone, M., Radulesco, T., Khalife, M., Fourneau, A. -F., Cherifi, S., Manto, M., Michel, J., Mannelli, G., and Cantarella, G.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, myalgia, Male, medicine, Original, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], coronavirus, symptoms, Disease, epidemiological, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, patients, clinical, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, 0302 clinical medicine, Epidemiology, Sore throat, Prevalence, Nose, Age Factors, Headache, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Europe, medicine.anatomical_structure, COVID-19, Female, patient, medicine.symptom, Symptom Assessment, Coronavirus Infections, Sex characteristics, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Pneumonia, Viral, 03 medical and health sciences, Betacoronavirus, Sex Factors, Throat, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, Humans, Pandemics, covid‐19, rhinorrhea, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Bayes Theorem, Myalgia, coronaviru, 030104 developmental biology, business
Abstract: International audience; Background: The clinical presentation of European patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 infection is still unknown. Objective: To study the clinical presentation of COVID-19 in Europe. Methods: Patients with positive diagnosis of COVID-19 were recruited from 18 European hospitals. Epidemiological and clinical data were obtained through a standardized questionnaire. Bayesian analysis was used for analysing the relationship between outcomes. Results: A total of 1,420 patients completed the study (962 females, 30.7% of healthcare workers). The mean age of patients was 39.17 ± 12.09 years. The most common symptoms were headache (70.3%), loss of smell (70.2%), nasal obstruction (67.8%), cough (63.2%), asthenia (63.3%), myalgia (62.5%), rhinorrhea (60.1%), gustatory dysfunction (54.2%) and sore throat (52.9%). Fever was reported by 45.4%. The mean duration of COVID-19 symptoms of mild-to-moderate cured patients was 11.5 ± 5.7 days. The prevalence of symptoms significantly varied according to age and sex. Young patients more frequently had ear, nose and throat complaints, whereas elderly individuals often presented fever, fatigue and loss of appetite. Loss of smell, headache, nasal obstruction and fatigue were more prevalent in female patients. The loss of smell was a key symptom of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients and was not associated with nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea. Loss of smell persisted at least 7 days after the disease in 37.5% of cured patients. Conclusion: The clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 substantially varies according to the age and the sex characteristics of patients. Olfactory dysfunction seems to be an important underestimated symptom of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 that needs to be recognized as such by the WHO.
Published: 2020
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44. Retinal findings in pediatric patients with Usher syndrome Type 1 due to mutations in MYO7A gene

Author: Jaume Català-Mora, Olaia Subirà, Jesús Díaz-Cascajosa, J.M. Caminal, M. A. Claveria, Joan Prat, Natalia Coll-Alsina, Noel Padrón-Pérez, Christine Petit, Crystel Bonnet, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat [Barcelona, Spain], Hospital Sant Joan de Déu [Barcelona], Syndrome de Usher et autres atteintes rétino-cochléaires, Institut de la Vision, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), ED 515 - Complexité du vivant, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Chaire Génétique et physiologie cellulaire, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), This work received no funding, We thank the families HEALTH-F2-2010-242013 (TREATRUSH). We also thank Bradley Londres for editing and improving the use of English in this document and Dr. Anne Kurtenbach for her critical review and comments of this paper., Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Collège de France - Chaire Génétique et physiologie cellulaire
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual acuity, Adolescent, genetic structures, MYO7A, Usher syndrome, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Visual Acuity, Retina, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Ophthalmology, Medicine, Humans, Fluorescein Angiography, External limiting membrane, Child, Melanosome, Retrospective Studies, Retinal pigment epithelium, business.industry, Usher Syndrome Type 1, Retinal, medicine.disease, eye diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Child, Preschool, Myosin VIIa, Mutation, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Female, sense organs, medicine.symptom, business, Usher Syndromes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Tomography, Optical Coherence
Abstract: International audience; Purpose: To describe retinal alterations detected by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) in paediatric patients with Usher syndrome type 1 (USH1) and to compare these findings to previously published reports.Methods: Thirty-two eyes from 16 patients (11 males and 5 females) with a genetic diagnosis of USH1 because of MYO7A mutations underwent SS-OCT. Patients ranged in age from 4 to 17 years (mean, 11,13 ± 4,29). The subfoveal and macular area were analysed with SS-OCT at 1050 nm using 12 radial scans of 12.0 mm. Structural abnormalities were evaluated and correlated with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).Results: The most common qualitative retinal abnormality was external layer damage in macular area. Specific alterations included external limiting membrane loss/disruption (27 eyes; 84.4%), disruption of the Myoid zone (27 eyes; 84.4%); Ellipsoid zone disruption (28 eyes; 87.5%), and loss of the outer segments (29 eyes; 90.6%). The damage of the retinal pigment epithelium was divided according to the loss of the different layers: phagosome zone (30 eyes; 93.8%), melanosome zone (29 eyes; 90.6%) and mitochondria zone (0 eyes; 0%). The presence of cystoid macular oedema (CMO) was significantly correlated with alterations in photoreceptors. Disruption or absence of the myoid and ellipsoid zones of the photoreceptors were the only variables independently associated with decreased BCVA.Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that the physiopathologic basis of early-stage Usher syndrome (USH) may be changes in the outer retinal layer, particularly the photoreceptors, which in turn may cause alterations-such as CMO-in the inner retinal layers. Accordingly, monitoring the condition of photoreceptors during follow-up may be advisable for the early detection of pathologic changes.
Published: 2020

45. Evolution and characteristics of the use of valproate in women of childbearing age with bipolar disorder: Results from the FACE-BD cohort

Author: Nicolas Mazer, Christine Passerieux, Bruno Etain, Valerie Aubin, S Gard, Joséphine Loftus, Raoul Belzeaux, Pierre-Michel Llorca, F Poinso, Thomas Schwitzer, Ludovic Samalin, Paul Roux, Bruno Aouizerate, A. Pelletier, Ophélia Godin, Emmanuel Haffen, Emilie Olié, Caroline Dubertret, Raymund Schwan, Marion Leboyer, C. Henry, P. Courtet, Thierry Bougerol, Franck Bellivier, Mircea Polosan, L Encely, Djamila Bennabi, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Psychiatrie et Neurologie personnalisées [AP-HP Hôpital Henri-Mondor] (DHU PePsy), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique [AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-F.Widal], AP-HP Hôpitaux universitaires Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand-Widal, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Service de Psychiatrie [CHU Mondor], Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Laboratoire de recherches cliniques et en santé publique sur les handicaps psychique, cognitif et moteur (HANDIReSP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace de Monaco (CHPG), Monaco, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy-Unité D, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Hôpital psychiatrique de Nancy, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé ANR-10-COHO-10-01 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP, This multicenter, cross-sectional study included patients recruited into the FACE-BD (FondaMental Academic Centers of Expertise for Bipolar Disorders) cohort between June 2009 and June 2018. The FACE-BD cohort is based on a French national network of 12 BD Expert Centers (Besançon, Bordeaux, Clermont-Ferrand, Créteil, Colombes, Grenoble, Marseille, Monaco, Montpellier, Nancy, Paris and Versailles). This network was set up by the FondaMental Foundation ( www.fondation-fondamental.org ) and funded by the French Ministry of Research and the French Ministry of Health to build an infrastructure and to provide resources to follow clinical cohorts and comparative-effectiveness research on a patient population. This cohort and the clinical variables have been extensively described in a previous paper ( Henry et al., 2015 )., This work was funded by AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), by the Fondation FondaMental (RTRS Santé Mentale), by the Investissements d'Avenir program, by the ANR under reference ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02 and ANR-10-COHO-10-01, and by INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale). This funding source had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to submit the manuscript for publication., Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), and Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux]
Subjects: Adult, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Bipolar disorder, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Logistic regression, National cohort, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, medicine, Anticonvulsant, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Medical prescription, Women of childbearing age, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Valproate, business.industry, Valproic Acid, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Affect, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Childbearing age, Cohort, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Background: Valproate is associated with teratogenic and neurodevelopmental effects. Several agencies have restricted the conditions of its prescription in bipolar disorders (BD). We aimed to assess the evolution of valproate prescription and the clinical profile of BD women of childbearing age receiving valproate. Methods: Based on a large national cohort, we included all BD women 16–50 years old. Sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological data were recorded. Logistic regression analyses were used to describe variables associated with valproate prescription. Results: Of the 1018 included women 16–50 years old, 26.9% were treated with valproate with a mean daily dosage of 968 mg. The prevalence of BD women using valproate was 32.6% before May 2015 and 17.3% after May 2015 (p
Published: 2020

46. Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and breast cancer risk in a prospective cohort of postmenopausal women

Author: Agnès Fournier, Marc J. Gunter, Gianluca Severi, Manon Cairat, Laure Dossus, Marie Al Rahmoun, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, International Agency for Cancer Research (IACR), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Ligue Contre le Cancer Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale, MGEN Institut Gustave-Roussy Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm, Ligue Contre le Cancer (support for the E3N cohort and PhD fellowship to Manon Cairat). Acknowledgements Disclaimer, and The research was carried out using data from the Inserm (French National Institutes for Health and Medical Research) E3N cohort, which was established and maintained with the support of the Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale (MGEN), Gustave Roussy, and the French League against Cancer (LNCC). We are grateful to the study participants for their continued participation and to medical practitioners for providing pathology reports. We also thank all members of the E3N-EPIC study group, in particular Rafika Chaït, Ghizlane Esselma, Marie Fangon, Pascale Gerbouin-Rérolle, Lyan Hoang, Roselyn Gomes and the data management team, and Amandine Gelot for data management and/or technical assistance. The work reported in this paper was performed during Agnès Fournier’s term as a Visiting Scientist at the International Agency for Research on Cancer.
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Proton pump inhibitors, Breast Neoplasms, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Comorbidity, Lower risk, lcsh:RC254-282, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Medical history, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Aspirin, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Hazard ratio, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Postmenopausal women, 3. Good health, Postmenopause, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, France, business, Research Article, Cohort study
Abstract: BackgroundAlthough anti-inflammatory agents could theoretically have anticancer properties, results from cohort studies on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and breast cancer (BC) risk are inconsistent.MethodsWe investigated the association between NSAID use and BC incidence in the French E3N prospective cohort, which includes 98,995 women born between 1925 and 1950 and insured by a health insurance plan that covers mostly teachers. Self-reported information on lifestyle and medical history has been collected biennially by questionnaires and matched with data from a drug reimbursement database covering the period 2004–2014. Women who self-reported current NSAID use in the 2000 or 2002 questionnaires or with at least two reimbursements in any previous 3-month period were defined as exposed to NSAIDs. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for the association of NSAID use with BC risk.ResultsIn the current analysis, 62,512 postmenopausal women were followed between 2004 and 2014 (9 years on average, starting at a mean age of 63 years; 2864 incident BC). In multivariable models, there was no statistically significant association between NSAID use and BC risk [HR = 1.00 (0.92–1.08), compared with non-exposed women]. The NSAID-BC associations did not differ by NSAID types, BC subtypes, risk factors, and comorbidities, nor by duration and dose of use. However, a statistically significant interaction was observed by proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drug use (Pinteraction = 0.01) whereby a decreased risk of BC with NSAID use was only observed among women who also used PPI before.ConclusionOnly women who used NSAIDs after having used PPI had a lower risk of BC. This result is novel and requires replication in other studies.
Published: 2020

47. Long-term risk of stroke and its predictors in transient ischaemic attack patients in Germany

Author: Karel Kostev, Louis Jacob, Christian Tanislav, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and The authors have received no financial support for the research, authorship and/or publication of this paper.
Subjects: Male, associated predictors, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, general practices, Germany, Atrial Fibrillation, 030212 general & internal medicine, Stroke, Aged, 80 and over, Incidence, Hazard ratio, Age Factors, Atrial fibrillation, Middle Aged, stroke, 3. Good health, Neurology, Ischemic Attack, Transient, Hypertension, Cohort, Platelet aggregation inhibitor, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, transient ischaemic attack, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, long-term risk, In patient, cardiovascular diseases, Aged, Ischemic Stroke, business.industry, Anticoagulants, Protective Factors, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, Long term risk, Neurology (clinical), business, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Background and purpose: Little is known about the long-term association between transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and stroke. Therefore, the goal of this study was to analyze the long-term risk of stroke and associated predictors in a large cohort of TIA patients followed in general practices in Germany. Methods: This study included patients with an initial TIA diagnosis and subsequently followed up in one of 1262 general practices in Germany between January 2007 and December 2016 (N = 19 824 patients). The primary outcome of the study was the risk of ischaemic stroke within 10 years of the initial diagnosis of TIA. The secondary outcome was the identification of demographic, clinical and pharmaceutical variables significantly associated with stroke in TIA patients. Results: Within 10 years of the initial TIA diagnosis, 18.3% of individuals were diagnosed with stroke. Age was positively associated with stroke, with hazard ratios ranging from 1.88 in patients aged 51–60 years to 4.00 in those aged >80 years (reference group: patients aged ≤50 years). Furthermore, male sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation and ischaemic heart diseases had an additional impact on the risk of stroke. Finally, new oral anticoagulants, heparins, diuretics, angiotensin II receptor blockers and platelet aggregation inhibitors were identified as protective factors. Conclusions: In a cohort of almost 20 000 TIA patients, 18.3% were diagnosed with stroke within 10 years after the TIA index event. Several demographic, clinical and pharmaceutical variables significantly predicted the long-term risk of stroke in TIA patients.
Published: 2020

48. Secondhand Smoking and Depressive Symptoms Among In-School Adolescents

Author: Louis Jacob, Ai Koyanagi, Sarah E Jackson, Lee Smith, Josep Maria Haro, Jae Il Shin, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), University College of London [London] (UCL), ICREA Infection Biology Laboratory (Department of Experimental and Health Sciences), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC: PI15/00862 World Health Organization, WHO Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII European Regional Development Fund, FEDER, This research was based on data from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey, which was made available for use by the Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Department of the WHO and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ai Koyanagi's work is supported by the PI15/00862 project, integrated into the National R?+?D?+?I and funded by the ISCIII - General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research - and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER). LJ contributed to the design of the study, undertook the statistical analysis, managed the literature searches, wrote the first draft of the manuscript, and contributed to the correction of the manuscript. LS, SEJ, JMH, and JIS contributed to the design of the study and the correction of the manuscript. AK contributed to the design of the study, undertook the statistical analysis, and contributed to the correction of the manuscript. All authors contributed to and have approved the final manuscript. The data sets supporting the conclusions of this article are available at www.cdc.gov. No financial disclosures were reported by the authors of this paper., and Ai Koyanagi's work is supported by the PI15/00862 project, integrated into the National R + D + I and funded by the ISCIII - General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research - and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER).
Subjects: Male, Adolescent, Epidemiology, Cross-sectional study, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Developing country, Global Health, Logistic regression, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Environmental health, Prevalence, Global health, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Students, Secondhand smoke, Developing Countries, Depressive symptoms, 2. Zero hunger, Schools, Depression, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Health Surveys, 3. Good health, Food insecurity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Secondhand smoking, Female, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, business
Abstract: International audience; Introduction: Smoking has been linked with depressive symptoms in adolescents, but data on secondhand smoking and depressive symptoms in low- and middle-income countries are scarce. Thus, this study analyzes the association between secondhand smoking and depressive symptoms among in-school adolescents from 22 low- and middle-income countries. Methods: Data from the 2003–2008 Global School-Based Student Health Survey were analyzed in June 2019. Data on past-week exposure to secondhand smoke and past-year depressive symptoms were collected. The association between secondhand smoke and depressive symptoms was studied using multivariable logistic regressions and meta-analyses. Results: The sample consisted of 37,505 adolescents aged 12–15 years who never smoked. The prevalence of depressive symptoms increased from 23.0% in adolescents with no secondhand smoking to 28.9% in those with secondhand smoking every day in the past week. After adjusting for sex, age, food insecurity, and country, there was a dose–response relationship between secondhand smoking and depressive symptoms in the overall sample (0 days: reference; 1–2 days: OR=1.06, 95% CI=0.95, 1.18; 3–6 days: OR=1.38, 95% CI=1.20, 1.58; 7 days: OR=1.63, 95% CI=1.44, 1.86). The country-wise analysis showed that secondhand smoking on at least 3 days (versus
Published: 2020

49. Consumption of Fish and ω-3 Fatty Acids and Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies

Author: Hans Oh, Mingyang Song, Jae Il Shin, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Andreas Kronbichler, Gaeun Kim, Michael Eisenhut, Eun Kyoung Choi, Sun Jae Jung, Lin Yang, Marco Solmi, Gwang Hun Jeong, Eunyoung Jung, Brendon Stubbs, Keum Hwa Lee, Eunyoung Cho, Joaquim Radua, Edward Giovannucci, NaNa Keum, Hyo Jin Seong, Nicola Veronese, Hyunbong Park, Lee Smith, Gabriele Gamerith, Giuseppe Grosso, Trevor Thompson, Elena Dragioti, Sarah E Jackson, Leandro Fórnias Machado de Rezende, Shuji Ogino, Jong Yeob Kim, Hans van Vliet, Sung Hwi Hong, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research, NIHR NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care South London National Institutes of Health, NIH: R35 CA197735 Maudsley Charity King’s College London National Institutes of Health, NIH: R35 CA197735, KHL, HJS, GK, GHJ, and JYK contributed equally to this work. The authors report no funding received for this study. Author Disclosures: The authors report no conflicts of interest. BS is supported by a Clinical Lectureship (ICA-CL-2017-03-001) jointly funded by Health Education England (HEE) and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), is in part funded by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, and is also supported by the Maudsley Charity, King’s College London, and the NIHR South London Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) funding. The time effort of SO was in part supported by US National Institutes of Health grant R35 CA197735. This paper presents independent research. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the acknowledged institutions. Address correspondence to JIS (e-mail: shinji@yuhs.ac) or EKC (e-mail: ekchoi@yuhs.ac). Supplemental Table 1 is available from the 'Supplementary data'link in the online posting of the article and from the same link in the online table of contents at https://academic.oup.com/advances. Abbreviation used: ALA, α-linolenic acid, AMSTAR2, A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2, CUP, Continuous Update Project, DPA, docosapentaenoic acid, GRADE, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation, HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma, NA, not assessable, PI, prediction interval, PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, WCRF/AICR, Word Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research., The time effort of SO was in part supported by US National Institutes of Health grant R35 CA197735., Lee, K.H., Seong, H.J., Kim, G., Jeong, G.H., Kim, J.Y., Park, H., Jung, E., Kronbichler, A., Eisenhut, M., Stubbs, B., Solmi, M., Koyanagi, A., Hong, S.H., Dragioti, E., De Rezende, L.F.M., Jacob, L., Keum, N., Van Der Vliet, H.J., Cho, E., Veronese, N., Grosso, G., Ogino, S., Song, M., Radua, J., Jung, S.J., Thompson, T., Jackson, S.E., Smith, L., Yang, L., Oh, H., Choi, E.K., Shin, J.I., Giovannucci, E.L., and Gamerith, G.
Subjects: Male, Risk, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], BF, Medicine (miscellaneous), Review, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, ω-3 fatty acid, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Neoplasms, Internal medicine, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, medicine, Animals, Humans, cancer, 030212 general & internal medicine, ω-3 fatty acid, fish, cancer, umbrella review, meta-analysis, chemistry.chemical_classification, fish, Nutrition and Dietetics, umbrella review, business.industry, Endometrial cancer, Fishes, Fatty acid, Cancer, medicine.disease, R1, 3. Good health, meta-analysis, Observational Studies as Topic, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Meta-analysis, Female, Skin cancer, business, Liver cancer, Food Science
Abstract: Multiple studies have suggested that ω-3 fatty acid intake may have a protective effect on cancer risk; however, its true association with cancer risk remains controversial. We performed an umbrella review of meta-analyses to summarize and evaluate the evidence for the association between ω-3 fatty acid intake and cancer outcomes. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to December 1, 2018. We included meta-analyses of observational studies that examined associations between intake of fish or ω-3 fatty acid and cancer risk (gastrointestinal, liver, breast, gynecologic, prostate, brain, lung, and skin) and determined the level of evidence of associations. In addition, we appraised the quality of the evidence of significant meta-analyses by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. We initially screened 598 articles, and 15 articles, including 57 meta-analyses, were eligible. Among 57 meta-analyses, 15 reported statistically significant results. We found that 12 meta-analyses showed weak evidence of an association between ω-3 fatty acid intake and risk of the following types of cancer: liver cancer (n = 4 of 6), breast cancer (n = 3 of 14), prostate cancer (n = 3 of 11), and brain tumor (n = 2 of 2). In the other 3 meta-analyses, studies of endometrial cancer and skin cancer, there were no assessable data for determining the evidence levels. No meta-analysis showed convincing, highly suggestive, or suggestive evidence of an association. In the sensitivity analysis of meta-analyses by study design, we found weak associations between ω-3 fatty acid intake and breast cancer risk in cohort studies, but no statistically significant association in case-control studies. However, the opposite results were found in case of brain tumor risk. Although ω-3 fatty acids have been studied in several meta-analyses with regard to a wide range of cancer outcomes, only weak associations were identified in some cancer types, with several limitations. Considering the nonsignificant or weak evidence level, clinicians and researchers should cautiously interpret reported associations between ω-3 fatty acid consumption and cancer risks. Copyright © 2020 The Author(s) on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition.
Published: 2020

50. Risk factors for bronchiolitis hospitalization in infants: A French nationwide retrospective cohort study over four consecutive seasons (2009-2013)

Author: Jean-Christophe Rozé, Jean-Michel Hascoet, Jean-François Magny, Pierre-Henri Jarreau, Brigitte Fauroux, Elie Saliba, Michaël Schwarzinger, Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique (VIFASOM (URP_7330)), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Unité Pédiatrique de Ventilation Non Invasive et de Sommeil [CHU Necker Enfants-Malades], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Maternité Régionale Adolphe Pinard [Nancy], Développement, Adaptation et Handicap. Régulations cardio-respiratoires et de la motricité (DevAH), Université de Lorraine (UL), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Physiopathologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Translational Health Economics Network [Paris] (THEN), Sorbonne Université (SU), The present study was supported by AbbVie France. Translational Health Economics (THEN) was responsible for data collection, preparation, and validation with external sources of information. THEN received payment from AbbVie for these activities. Writing charges were funded by AbbVie France, and AbbVie approved the decision to submit the paper for publication, but the corresponding author was ultimately responsible for submitting the manuscript for publication., HASCOET, JEAN-MICHEL, Service d'assistance respiratoire et sommeil de l'enfant [CHU Necker], Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique (VIFASOM - EA 7330), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Université de Paris (UP), Regional Maternity [Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Université de Paris (UP), Department of Neonatal Medicine of Port-Royal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Port-Royal [Paris], Department of Neonatology [Paris], Department of Neonatology [Nantes], Department of Neonatology [Tours], Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS)
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, Pulmonology, Epidemiology, Physiology, Cell Transplantation, Comorbidity, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Families, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine and Health Sciences, Morphogenesis, Blood and Lymphatic System Procedures, Birth Weight, 030212 general & internal medicine, Children, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Congenital Heart Defects, Hospitals, 3. Good health, Hospitalization, Physiological Parameters, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Bronchiolitis, Medicine, Female, France, Seasons, Infants, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Down syndrome, Science, Population, Cardiology, Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.PED] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, Congenital Disorders, medicine, Humans, Birth Defects, education, Transplantation, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Omphalocele, business.industry, Body Weight, Infant, Biology and Life Sciences, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Health Care, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Age Groups, Health Care Facilities, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Medical Risk Factors, People and Places, Respiratory Infections, [SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Population Groupings, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Developmental Biology, Stem Cell Transplantation
Abstract: International audience; Objectives: Large studies are needed to update risk factors of bronchiolitis hospitalization. We performed a nationwide analysis of hospitalization rates for bronchiolitis over four consecutive bronchiolitis seasons to identify underlying medical disorders at risk of bronchiolitis hospitalization and assess their frequency.Methods: Data were retrieved from the French National Hospital Discharge database. Of all infants discharged alive from maternity wards from January 2008 to December 2013 in France (N = 3,884,791), we identified four consecutive cohorts at risk of bronchiolitis during the seasons of 2009–2010 to 2012–2013. The main outcome was bronchiolitis hospitalization during a season. Individual risk factors were collected.Results: Among infants, 6.0% were preterm and 2.0% had ≥1 chronic condition including 0.2% bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and 0.2% hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (HS-CHD). Bronchiolitis hospitalization rates varied between seasons (min: 1.26% in 2010–2011; max: 1.48% in 2012–2013; p
Published: 2020

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