30 results on '"Masashi Fujihara"'
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2. HLA-Matched Allogeneic iPS Cells-Derived RPE Transplantation for Macular Degeneration
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Shoko Fujino, Toshihiko Oda, Utako Shirono, Midori Yamamoto, Yasuo Kurimoto, Masashi Fujihara, Satoshi Sugiyama, Hirokazu Sakaguchi, Tadao Maeda, Ayumi Hono, Seiji Takagi, Kazuichi Maruyama, Masataka Igeta, Mitsuhiro Matsuzaki, Kyoko Iseki, Misato Tozaki, Chikako Hara, Naoshi Koide, Hiromi Dohi, Kohji Nishida, Motoki Terada, Yumiko Shibata, Mitsuhiro Nishida, Masaki Nomura, Naoko Hayashi, Michiko Mandai, Yasuhiko Hirami, Takashi Daimon, Kota Totani, Noriko Sakai, Masayo Takahashi, Naoki Amano, and Sunao Sugita
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medicine.medical_specialty ,retina ,macular degeneration ,lcsh:Medicine ,Human leukocyte antigen ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,Endophthalmitis ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Retina ,Retinal pigment epithelium ,immune reactions ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,General Medicine ,Macular degeneration ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Transplantation ,HLA ,iPS cells ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,surgical procedures, operative ,sense organs ,Epiretinal membrane ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,transplantation - Abstract
Immune attacks are key issues for cell transplantation. To assess the safety and the immune reactions after iPS cells-derived retinal pigment epithelium (iPS-RPE) transplantation, we transplanted HLA homozygote iPS-RPE cells established at an iPS bank in HLA-matched patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration. In addition, local steroids without immunosuppressive medications were administered. We monitored immune rejections by routine ocular examinations as well as by lymphocytes-graft cells immune reaction (LGIR) tests using graft RPE and the patient&rsquo, s blood cells. In all five of the cases that underwent iPS-RPE transplantation, the presence of graft cells was indicated by clumps or an area of increased pigmentation at 6 months, which became stable with no further abnormal growth in the graft during the 1-year observation period. Adverse events observed included corneal erosion, epiretinal membrane, retinal edema due to epiretinal membrane, elevated intraocular pressure, endophthalmitis, and mild immune rejection in the eye. In the one case exhibiting positive LGIR tests along with a slight fluid recurrence, we administrated local steroid therapy that subsequently resolved the suspected immune attacks. Although the cell delivery strategy must be further optimized, the present results suggest that it is possible to achieve stable survival and safety of iPS-RPE cell transplantation for a year.
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- 2020
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3. Bilateral retinitis after influenza virus infection in a case report
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Yasuo Kurimoto, Towa Uzu, Shin-ichiro Ito, Masayo Takahashi, Seiji Takagi, Masashi Fujihara, Sunao Sugita, Atsushi Azumi, and Yasuhiko Hirami
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Visual acuity ,genetic structures ,Retinitis ,Case Report ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,lcsh:Ophthalmology ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Central scotoma ,Retina ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Optical coherence tomography ,business.industry ,Blind spot ,Macular degeneration ,Fluorescein angiography ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,lcsh:RE1-994 ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Influenza virus ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Optic disc - Abstract
Purpose: To report 2 years’ longitudinal retinal changes using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images in a case of retinitis after influenza virus infection. Observations: A 48-year-old female complained of scotoma in the central visual field after influenza virus infection. Her best visual acuity was 20/16, her fundus examination was normal, and fluorescein angiography demonstrated no evident leakage in either the retina or the optic disc. However, SD-OCT images showed a disrupted, blurred inner-segment ellipsoid zone in the macula of both eyes. Two steroid pulse therapy sessions in the first 3 months showed temporary improvement of the central scotoma. However, atrophy of the photoreceptor layer at the juxta fovea gradually progressed in OCT images during the follow-up period. In contrast, the fovea itself was mostly intact and visual acuity was maintained in the 2-year period. Conclusions and importance: We experienced a unique case of retinitis after influenza infection, in whom progressive atrophy of the photoreceptor layer was observed in SD-OCT images. Keywords: Central scotoma, Influenza virus, Macular degeneration, Optical coherence tomography, Retinitis
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- 2020
4. A case of bilateral vasculitis associated with pineal germinoma
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Akiko Miki, Atsushi Azumi, Makoto Nakamura, Akiko Yoshida, and Masashi Fujihara
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Vasculitis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Visual acuity ,genetic structures ,Optic neuritis ,Pineal tumor ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Blurred vision ,lcsh:Ophthalmology ,Periphlebitis ,Ophthalmology ,Case report ,medicine ,Germinoma ,Retinal vasculitis ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,lcsh:RE1-994 ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Uveitis - Abstract
Purpose: To report a rare case of bilateral periphlebitis associated with a pineal germinoma. Observations: A 17-year-old male teenager presented at a local clinic complaining of blurred vision in both eyes. The treating physician identified bilateral uveitis, and prescribed the patient with a local steroid treatment. However, the inflammatory findings did not improve with the treatment, and the patient was referred to our hospital for further examination. At the first visit, his best-corrected visual acuities were 0.3 for the right eye and 0.06 for the left eye; we found no inflammation in the anterior ocular segment, but observed bilateral retinal periphlebitis and a proliferative membrane from the papilla to the macula in the ocular fundus. In addition, we found a tractional serous retinal detachment in the macula. We suspected tuberculous uveitis clinically and initiated treatment with an antituberculous drug. However, the condition of the patient did not improve. Two months after our initial examination, left optic neuritis appeared, and we initiated a steroid pulse therapy. Although the periphlebitis remained, the left optic nerve findings and the visual acuity of both eyes improved. Thus, we reduced the oral steroid dose gradually. However, two months after initiating the dose reduction, the patient suffered a consciousness disturbance, and we detected a pineal tumor by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patient was diagnosed as having a germ cell tumor by pathological examination and underwent radiation and chemotherapy. We noted marked improvements in both the periphlebitis findings and in the visual acuity following the treatment for the pineal tumor. Conclusions and importance: Cases of pineal tumor accompanied with retinal periphlebitis have been reported rarely. Because juvenile retinal vasculitis cases of unknown cause can be associated with pineal germinomas, we recommend brain MRI examinations for such cases. Keywords: Vasculitis, Optic neuritis, Pineal tumor, Germinoma
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- 2018
5. Evaluation of Transplanted Autologous Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration
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Masayo Takahashi, Yasuo Kurimoto, Kiyoko Gocho, Masashi Fujihara, Sunao Sugita, Michiko Mandai, Yasuhiko Hirami, Midori Yamamoto, and Seiji Takagi
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Pluripotent Stem Cells ,medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,Fundus Oculi ,Visual Acuity ,Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures ,Retinal Pigment Epithelium ,Transplantation, Autologous ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Autologous transplantation ,Humans ,Fluorescein Angiography ,030304 developmental biology ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,0303 health sciences ,Retina ,Retinal pigment epithelium ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Retinal ,Macular degeneration ,medicine.disease ,Fluorescein angiography ,eye diseases ,Transplantation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Choroidal neovascularization ,chemistry ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Wet Macular Degeneration ,Female ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Tomography, Optical Coherence ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Purpose To report the results after 4 years of follow-up in a previously presented first case of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) sheet autologous transplantation using multimodal imaging. Design Follow-up of a single case. Participant A patient with exudative age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Methods Transplantation of an autologous iPSC-derived RPE cell sheet after removal of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in September 2014. Main Outcome Measures The function of the graft was assessed 4 years after surgery by color fundus photography, spectral-domain (SD) OCT, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, and an adaptive optics (AO) retinal camera. Results At the 4-year follow-up, the transplanted autologous iPSC-derived RPE sheet had survived beneath the retina with slight expansion of the pigmented area and no adverse events. The outer nuclear layer above and adjacent to the graft showed acceptable thickness and an organized structure. Fluorescein angiography and SD OCT suggested the presence of vessel-like structures confined to the grafted area associated with the remaining trunk vessel of preoperative polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy but with no exudative changes. Visual acuity has been stable with no additional injections of anti–vascular endothelial growth factor agent. The choroidal volume at the graft site is relatively preserved when compared with the volume outside this site without RPE after removal of the CNV. Indocyanine green angiography revealed a preserved choriocapillaris around the iPSC-derived RPE sheet. Dark cell-like structures with a predominantly hexagonal arrangement were observed by AO imaging in an area located near the margin of the graft sheet. The average intercell distance was found to be stable over time. Conclusions Thus far, the grafted iPSC-derived RPE sheet has survived for 4 years and seems to support photoreceptors and choroidal vessels. The morphologic characteristics of the RPE are observed at the transplant site.
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- 2018
6. Use of Wide-Field Fundus Camera, Fundus Autofluorescence, and OCT in Cases of Pigmented Paravenous Retinochoroidal Atrophy
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Masayo Takahashi, Goji Tomita, Yasuo Kurimoto, Shogo Yamamoto, So Goto, Seiji Takagi, Midori Yamamoto, Yasuhiko Hirami, and Masashi Fujihara
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0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Fundus Oculi ,Fundus camera ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ophthalmology ,Medicine ,Humans ,Macula Lutea ,Fluorescein Angiography ,Pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Choroid ,Retinal Degeneration ,Reproducibility of Results ,Eye Diseases, Hereditary ,Equipment Design ,Middle Aged ,Wide field ,Fundus autofluorescence ,030104 developmental biology ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Female ,business ,Tomography, Optical Coherence - Published
- 2017
7. Autologous Induced Stem-Cell-Derived Retinal Cells for Macular Degeneration
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Chikara Shinohara, Akishi Onishi, Chihiro Okada, Shinya Yamanaka, Noriko Sakai, Hiroshi Akimaru, Midori Yamamoto, Hiroyuki Kamao, Akira Watanabe, Kenichiro Hata, Shigeki Tanishima, Masashi Fujihara, Kanako Fujita, Yuko Kitano, Motoki Terada, Tomoko Ito, Masayo Takahashi, Azusa Tanaka, Yui Nomiya, Yumiko Shibata, Yasuo Kurimoto, Yasuo Ohara, Masanori Sawada, Naoko Takasu, Kenichi Yoshida, Chikako Morinaga, Masahiro Nakamura, Shin Kawamata, Masafumi Umekage, Naoki Amano, Sunao Sugita, Sachiko Ohta, Fumiyo Kitaoka, Seishi Ogawa, Junko Kuwahara, Michiko Mandai, Yasuhiko Hirami, Takashi Daimon, and Masahiro J. Go
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ,Cell Culture Techniques ,Retinal Pigment Epithelium ,Regenerative medicine ,Transplantation, Autologous ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Macular Degeneration ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ophthalmology ,Medicine ,Humans ,Induced pluripotent stem cell ,Macular edema ,Aged ,Retina ,business.industry ,Retinal ,Cell Differentiation ,General Medicine ,Macular degeneration ,Fibroblasts ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Transplantation ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Feasibility Studies ,Female ,sense organs ,Stem cell ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
We assessed the feasibility of transplanting a sheet of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in a patient with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The iPSCs were generated from skin fibroblasts obtained from two patients with advanced neovascular age-related macular degeneration and were differentiated into RPE cells. The RPE cells and the iPSCs from which they were derived were subject to extensive testing. A surgery that included the removal of the neovascular membrane and transplantation of the autologous iPSC-derived RPE cell sheet under the retina was performed in one of the patients. At 1 year after surgery, the transplanted sheet remained intact, best corrected visual acuity had not improved or worsened, and cystoid macular edema was present. (Funded by Highway Program for Realization of Regenerative Medicine and others; University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry [UMIN-CTR] number, UMIN000011929 .).
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- 2017
8. Optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with retinitis pigmentosa who have normal visual acuity
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Seiji Takagi, Michiko Mandai, Yasuhiko Hirami, Chisato Miyakoshi, Goji Tomita, Masayo Takahashi, Yasuo Kurimoto, and Masashi Fujihara
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Visual acuity ,genetic structures ,Fundus Oculi ,Visual Acuity ,optical coherence tomography angiography ,Retina ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Foveal ,Ophthalmology ,inner segment ellipsoid ,retinitis pigmentosa ,Retinitis pigmentosa ,Medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Fluorescein Angiography ,External limiting membrane ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,coefficient correlation ,General Medicine ,Foveal avascular zone ,Optical coherence tomography angiography ,Original Articles ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Normal visual acuity ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Female ,Original Article ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Tomography, Optical Coherence ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Purpose To investigate flow area changes measured using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA; RTVue XR Avanti®) in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with preserved visual acuity (VA). Methods This was an age‐ and refraction‐matched case–control study. Consecutive patients with a best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of ≥20/20 and normal subjects were recruited. Fifty eyes (32 patients) and 22 eyes (12 controls) were included. The flow area and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were measured in both superficial and deep layers within a 3 × 3 mm central area of the fovea. Association between OCTA parameters and the length of the inner segment ellipsoid (ISe) and external limiting membrane (ELM), the area without abnormal fluorescence in fundus autofluorescence (normal FAF area ratio) and the area of I‐2e of the Goldmann perimeter were analysed using mixed‐effects regression analysis. Results Foveal avascular zones were significantly smaller in patients with RP than in controls in superficial (p = 0.004) but not in deep layers (p = 0.25). The flow area in superficial (p = 0.007) and deep layers (p = 0.004) was significantly smaller in patients with RP than in controls. In patients with RP, flow areas in the superficial layers, but not in the deep layers, were significantly associated with the lengths of ISe (p = 0.001) and ELM (p = 0.002) and the I‐2e area (p = 0.036), but not with the normal FAF area ratio (p = 0.399). Conclusion Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)‐measured flow area in superficial layers gradually reduced with RP progression and may be a useful parameter of RP pathogenesis.
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- 2017
9. Effect of axial length reduction after trabeculectomy on the development of hypotony maculopathy
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Yoshiko Matsumoto, Masashi Fujihara, Makoto Nakamura, Yuko Yamada, and Akiyasu Kanamori
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Adult ,Male ,Intraocular pressure ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Biometry ,Corneal Pachymetry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Glaucoma ,Ocular Hypotension ,Trabeculectomy ,Ophthalmoscopy ,Optics ,Retinal Diseases ,Risk Factors ,Ophthalmology ,Humans ,Medicine ,Corneal pachymetry ,Risk factor ,Intraocular Pressure ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Lasers ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Axial Length, Eye ,Interferometry ,Mann–Whitney U test ,Female ,sense organs ,business ,Glaucoma, Open-Angle ,Tomography, Optical Coherence - Abstract
To measure changes in axial length before and after trabeculectomy with noncontact, partial coherence laser interferometry and identify patient factors that lead to the development of hypotony maculopathy and axial length shortening in 25 eyes with intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤6 mmHg at 4 weeks after mitomycin C-augmented trabeculectomy. A retrospective comparative case series. Hypotony maculopathy was identified with both ophthalmoscopy and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Axial length and IOP were serially measured pre- and postoperatively. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the presence of hypotony maculopathy at 4 weeks after trabeculectomy and multiple regression analysis to identify factors associated with axial length changes. Ten eyes exhibited hypotony maculopathy, whereas the remaining 15 did not. Patients with hypotony maculopathy were significantly younger (47.7 ± 6.2 years) compared with those without it (63.3 ± 9.6 years, P = 0.0002, unpaired t test). The percent reduction of axial length after trabeculectomy was significantly larger in the former group (5.91 ± 2.76 %) compared with the latter group (1.51 ± 0.91 %) (P = 0.0001, Mann–Whitney U test). Multivariate analyses showed that only age was associated with the presence of hypotony maculopathy, with an odds ratio of 0.82 (P = 0.0075), when age, sex, type of glaucoma, lens status, percent changes in axial length and IOP before and after trabeculectomy, and central corneal thickness were included as independent variables (R 2 = 0.543, P = 0.003). Age-dependent axial length reduction is a risk factor for the development of hypotony maculopathy after trabeculectomy.
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- 2014
10. Visual outcome of photodynamic therapy for typical neovascular age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy over 5 years of follow-up
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Akira Negi, Mamoru Uenishi, Hiroshi Kojima, Yasuo Kurimoto, Akiko Miki, Shigeru Honda, Tomoko Nagai, Masashi Fujihara, Masaya Nishizaki, and Mihori Kita
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Visual acuity ,genetic structures ,Fundus Oculi ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Visual Acuity ,Photodynamic therapy ,Macular Degeneration ,Ophthalmology ,Age related ,Humans ,Medicine ,Initial treatment ,Prospective Studies ,Fluorescein Angiography ,Prospective cohort study ,Aged ,Photosensitizing Agents ,Choroid ,business.industry ,Choroid Diseases ,General Medicine ,Macular degeneration ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Treatment Outcome ,Photochemotherapy ,Multicenter study ,Female ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Follow-Up Studies ,Linear dimension - Abstract
To evaluate the long-term effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on typical neovascular age-related macular degeneration (tAMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). This was a multicenter prospective study of 139 eyes from 136 patients (tAMD: 74 eyes; PCV: 65 eyes) who underwent PDT as the initial treatment. The change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), predictive factors for the BCVA at 60 months, frequency of recurrence, and mean recurrence period were analyzed. The pre-PDT BCVA and greatest linear dimension (GLD) did not differ between the two groups. The mean BCVA (logMAR) was significantly improved at 6 months post-initial PDT (post-PDT) in the PCV group (−0.11, P = 0.0091). However, at 60 months post-PDT, the mean BCVA was significantly worse than baseline in the tAMD (+0.21, P = 0.0035) and PCV (+0.21, P = 0.0076) groups. Pre-PDT BCVA, age, and GLD were the factors significantly associated with the BCVA at 60 months post-PDT. Although the frequency of recurrence did not significantly differ between the two phenotype groups, the mean recurrence period was significantly longer in the PCV group than in the tAMD group (15.7 vs. 8.6 months, P = 0.0020). PDT may not have benefits for visual acuity in cases of tAMD and PCV over 5 years of follow-up.
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- 2013
11. Apolipoprotein B100 secretion by cultured ARPE-19 cells is modulated by alteration of cholesterol levels
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Marisol Cano, J. Tian, James T. Handa, Tinghuai Wu, Peter L. Gehlbach, Miroslava Jovanovic, Celene Grayson, Philippe Margaron, and Masashi Fujihara
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Statin ,Apolipoprotein B ,biology ,Cholesterol ,medicine.drug_class ,Cerivastatin ,Biochemistry ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,Cholesteryl ester ,medicine ,biology.protein ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Secretion ,Pravastatin ,medicine.drug ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
Cholesteryl ester rich apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) lipoproteins accumulate in Bruch's membrane before the development of age-related macular degeneration. It is not known if these lipoproteins come from the circulation or local ocular tissue. Emerging, but incomplete evidence suggests that the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) can secrete lipoproteins. The purpose of this investigation was to determine (i) whether human RPE cells synthesize and secrete apoB100, and (ii) whether this secretion is driven by cellular cholesterol, and if so, (iii) whether statins inhibit this response. The established, human derived ARPE-19 cells challenged with 0-0.8 mM oleic acid accumulated cellular cholesterol, but not triglycerides. Oleic acid increased the amount of apoB100 protein recovered from the medium by both western blot analysis and (35) S-radiolabeled immunoprecipitation while negative stain electron microscopy showed lipoprotein-like particles. Of nine statins evaluated, lipophilic statins induced HMG-CoA reductase mRNA expression the most. The lipophilic Cerivastatin (5 μM) reduced cellular cholesterol by 39% and abrogated apoB100 secretion by 3-fold. In contrast, the hydrophilic statin Pravastatin had minimal effect on apoB100 secretion. These data suggest that ARPE-19 cells synthesize and secrete apoB100 lipoproteins, that this secretion is driven by cellular cholesterol, and that statins can inhibit apoB100 secretion by reducing cellular cholesterol.
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- 2010
12. Efficacy of additional topical betamethasone in persistent cystoid macular oedema after carbonic anhydrase inhibitor treatments in retinitis pigmentosa
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Yasuo Kurimoto, Shohei Kitahata, Seiji Takagi, Cody Kime, Masayo Takahashi, Masashi Fujihara, and Yasuhiko Hirami
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retina ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Intraocular pressure ,Visual acuity ,genetic structures ,medicine.drug_class ,Brinzolamide ,drugs ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dorzolamide ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,eye diseases ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Betamethasone ,Original Article ,Bromfenac ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business ,treatment medical ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
ObjectiveWe investigated the efficacy of additional topical betamethasone in persistent cystoid macular oedema (CMO) after carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) therapy.Methods and analysisThis retrospective cohort study included 16 eyes of 10 patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). All patients were previously administered CAI for at least 3 months to treat CMO secondary to RP and lacking an effective reduction (≥11%) of central foveal thickness (CFT). We administered topical 0.1% betamethasone daily in each affected eye following a preceding course of the CAI medication as a first treatment. CMO was diagnosed using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. CFT was regarded as the average of vertical and horizontal foveal thickness. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were obtained from patient medical records. We compared the CFT and BCVA between baseline and the average of 1–3, 5–7, 10–14 and 16–20 months period.ResultsIn treatments with brinzolamide in 14 eyes, dorzolamide in 2 eyes and bromfenac in 2 eyes, CFT effectively decreased in 12 of 16 eyes (81%). CFT decreased significantly in 1–3 months (326±102 µm; n=16; P=0.029) and 5–7 months (297±102 µm; n=12; P=0.022) compared with baseline but not within 10–14 months (271±96 µm; n=9; P=0.485) or 16–20 months (281±134 µm; n=9; P=0.289). There were no significant intergroup differences in BCVA throughout the study. Betamethasone treatment was stopped in three patients because of IOP elevation.ConclusionOur data suggested that additional betamethasone might improve treatments for persistent CMO. Topical steroids could be an alternative option for managing persistent CMO in RP.
- Published
- 2018
13. Nrf2 is a critical modulator of the innate immune response in a model of uveitis
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Marisol Cano, James T. Handa, Shyam Biswal, Norihiro Nagai, Thomas W. Kensler, Michael B. Sporn, Kanako Izumi-Nagai, Masashi Fujihara, Xiaoni Kong, and Rajesh K. Thimmulappa
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Lipopolysaccharides ,Lipopolysaccharide ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ,Pharmacology ,digestive system ,environment and public health ,Biochemistry ,Retina ,Article ,Uveitis ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Physiology (medical) ,Cell Adhesion ,NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) ,medicine ,Animals ,Interleukin 6 ,Chemokine CCL2 ,Mice, Knockout ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,ICAM-1 ,Reactive oxygen species ,Innate immune system ,biology ,Interleukin-6 ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,GCLM ,Ciliary Body ,NADPH Dehydrogenase ,respiratory system ,Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ,medicine.disease ,Molecular biology ,Immunity, Innate ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,Gene Expression Regulation ,chemistry ,Cyclooxygenase 2 ,biology.protein ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Injections, Intraperitoneal - Abstract
Uveitis is an inflammatory condition that can lead to blindness. It is therefore important to understand the pathophysiology against which to develop targeted therapy. Herein, we tested whether the oxidant-responsive transcription factor Nrf2 is involved in regulating the innate immune response and oxidative damage in the LPS uveitis model. As shown by dihydroethidium staining, intraperitoneally injected LPS increased reactive oxygen species in the retina and iris-ciliary body of Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2-/- mice. After LPS injection, ICAM-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha, COX-2, iNOS, and MCP-1 mRNAs were increased more in the retina and iris-ciliary body of Nrf2-/- than in those of Nrf2+/+ mice. NQO-1 and GCLM, two Nrf2-responsive antioxidant enzymes, had reduced expression in Nrf2+/+ retinas after LPS injection, but no change in expression in Nrf2-/- mice. The number of FITC-Con A-labeled leukocytes adherent to the retinal vascular endothelium increased after LPS treatment in both Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2-/- mice compared to control injections, with more adherent leukocytes in Nrf2-/- than in Nrf2+/+ mice. Pretreatment with the Nrf2 activator 1-(2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oyl)imidazole increased antioxidant gene expression in the retina, reduced inflammatory mediator expression, and reduced leukocyte adherence to retinal vasculature after LPS treatment in Nrf2+/+ mice, but had no effect on Nrf2-/- mice. Treatment targeting the Nrf2 pathway may be a new therapy for uveitis.
- Published
- 2009
14. A human apoB100 transgenic mouse expresses human apoB100 in the RPE and develops features of early AMD
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Lars Nielsen, Masashi Fujihara, James T. Handa, and Emil D. Bartels
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Genetically modified mouse ,Apolipoprotein B ,Transgene ,Gene Expression ,Mice, Transgenic ,Retinal Pigment Epithelium ,Article ,Macular Degeneration ,Mice ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Basal (phylogenetics) ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,Genetics ,Retinal pigment epithelium ,biology ,Choroid ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Body Weight ,Dietary Fats ,Lipids ,Molecular biology ,eye diseases ,Sensory Systems ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,Microscopy, Electron ,Ophthalmology ,Phenotype ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Liver ,Apolipoprotein B-100 ,biology.protein ,sense organs ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
ApoB100 lipoprotein particles have been found to accumulate in Bruch membrane prior to the development of Age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This work was performed to determine whether mice that overexpress apoB100 in the RPE-choroid and liver develop landmarks of early AMD over time. Mice transgenic for a human genomic fragment encoding the full length human ApoB (“ApoB100” mice) and litter-mate control mice were given a normal chow or high fat diet for 12 months. Mice were evaluated for human apoB mRNA expression in the RPE/choroid and liver by RT-qPCR. Phenotypic changes associated with early AMD were evaluated by ultrastructural analysis using transmission electron microscopy. Changes were semi-quantified using linear regression analysis. Both the RPE/choroid and liver of ApoB100 mice expressed both human and mouse ApoB mRNA. Transmission electron microscopy showed ultrastructural changes consistent with early human AMD including loss of basal infoldings and accumulation of cytoplasmic vacuoles in the RPE, and basal laminar deposits containing long spacing collagen and heterogeneous debris in Bruch membrane of ApoB100 mice. In ApoB100 mice given a high fat diet, basal linear-like deposits were identified in 12 month old mice. Linear regression analysis showed that the genotype (human ApoB transgene) was a stronger influencing factor than high fat diet in producing AMD-like lesions used in this study. Human ApoB100 transgenic mice overexpress apoB in RPE and, with time, develop validated phenotypic changes that are seen in early human AMD. The phenotypic changes were aggravated by feeding a high-fat diet. The ApoB100 mouse model could be valuable in determining the role of apoB containing lipoproteins in triggering the onset of early AMD.
- Published
- 2009
15. Cataract Surgery for Residual Angle Closure after Peripheral Laser Iridotomy
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Masashi Fujihara, Kaoruko Yamamoto, Kenji Yamashiro, Yasuo Kurimoto, Atsushi Nonaka, Takuji Iwawaki, Masashi Kikuchi, and Takehisa Kondo
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Adult ,Male ,Iridectomy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Intraocular pressure ,genetic structures ,Anterior Chamber ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Eye disease ,Gonioscopy ,Ultrasound biomicroscopy ,Iris ,Glaucoma ,Dark Adaptation ,Tonometry, Ocular ,Postoperative Complications ,Lens Implantation, Intraocular ,Prone Position ,medicine ,Humans ,Intraocular Pressure ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Ultrasonography ,Aged, 80 and over ,Phacoemulsification ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,Cataract surgery ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Surgery ,Ophthalmology ,Prone position ,Female ,Laser Therapy ,sense organs ,Glaucoma, Angle-Closure ,business - Abstract
To investigate the frequency of residual angle closure after resolution of pupillary blocking by laser peripheral iridotomy and the effects of subsequent cataract surgery to resolve angle closure completely.Retrospective, consecutive, interventional study.Among 70 eyes treated with laser iridotomy, 13 with residual angle closure were treated with cataract surgery.The provocative test of angle closure by prone position in a dark room for 1 hour was performed; increases in tension ofor =8 mmHg, 6 or 7 mmHg, andor =5 mmHg were considered to be positive, suspected positive, and negative, respectively. Configuration of the anterior chamber was examined using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).Intraocular pressure (IOP), response to the dark room prone position test, and morphologic analysis by UBM were evaluated before and 3 months after cataract surgery.Residual angle closure after iridotomy was seen in 27 (38.6%) of 70 eyes; this was confirmed functionally by the dark room prone position test and morphologically by UBM. Eyes with IOP ofor =20 mmHg or with a glaucomatous visual field defect before iridotomy had a significantly higher incidence of residual angle closure after iridotomy than eyes without these findings (P0.05). In all the eyes with residual angle closure after iridotomy, the response to the prone position test became negative after cataract surgery, with significant lowering of IOP (P0.01).Residual angle closure after iridotomy was common, especially in eyes with primary angle closure and poorly controlled IOP or glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Cataract surgery was effective to resolve completely the residual angle closure after iridotomy and lower IOP.
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- 2005
16. Unique circumferential peripheral keratitis in relapsing polychondritis
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Yasuhiko Hirami, Yasuo Kurimoto, Kazuhiro Ishida, Masashi Fujihara, Chie Sotozono, Takahiro Nakamura, Seiji Takagi, and Naohiro Motozawa
- Subjects
030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Collagen disease ,business.industry ,Cartilage ,Arthritis ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Infliximab ,Keratitis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Ear Cartilage ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Prednisolone ,medicine ,business ,Relapsing polychondritis ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Rationale:Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare collagen disease characterized by inflammation and destruction of cartilage throughout the body. The paper details the clinical course of a case of RP with unique circumferential peripheral keratitis.Patient concerns:A 54-year-old Japanese wo
- Published
- 2017
17. Quantitative Evaluation of Iris Convexity in Primary Angle Closure
- Author
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Masashi Fujihara, Akihiro Nishida, Yasuo Kurimoto, Atsushi Nonaka, Takuji Iwawaki, and Masashi Kikuchi
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anterior Chamber ,Eye disease ,Microscopy, Acoustic ,Ultrasound biomicroscopy ,Iris ,Glaucoma ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Convexity ,Pupil Disorders ,Trabecular Meshwork ,Ophthalmology ,Humans ,Angle-closure glaucoma ,Medicine ,cardiovascular diseases ,Iris (anatomy) ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Pupillary block ,urogenital system ,business.industry ,Laser treatment ,fungi ,Age Factors ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Female ,Glaucoma, Angle-Closure ,business - Abstract
Purpose In eyes with primary angle closure (PAC), we quantitatively evaluated anterior bowing of the iris by means of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Design Retrospective, observational, and consecutive case series. Methods A total of 203 phakic eyes with PAC that had not undergone any surgical or laser treatment were included. Using UBM, we measured anterior chamber depth (ACD) and iris convexity (IC): the maximum distance from the posterior surface of the iris to the iris plane passing through the pupillary margin of the iris and iris root. Results The average IC was 0.22 ± 0.1 mm, although there was considerable individual variation. The IC value was correlated weakly, albeit significantly, with age ( r = 0.22, P r = −0.57, P Conclusions In eyes with PAC, older age and a more shallow ACD appear to be important causes of increased forward bowing of the iris resulting from pupillary block.
- Published
- 2007
18. Methanol-induced Retinal Toxicity Patient Examined by Optical Coherence Tomography
- Author
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Masashi Fujihara, Yasuo Kurimoto, and Masashi Kikuchi
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Visual acuity ,genetic structures ,Visual Acuity ,Nerve fiber ,Severity of Illness Index ,Retina ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Optical coherence tomography ,Edema ,Humans ,Medicine ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Methanol ,Retinal ,General Medicine ,Fluorescein angiography ,eye diseases ,Ophthalmology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Methanol poisoning ,chemistry ,Solvents ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Tomography, Optical Coherence ,Follow-Up Studies ,Papilledema - Abstract
Methanol is a highly toxic substance used as an industrial solvent and automotive antifreeze. Human consumption of methanol may result in severe visual disturbances. Because optical coherence tomography (OCT) is very useful for evaluating retinal edema and nerve fiber swelling, we used OCT to examine a patient with methanol-induced retinal toxicity. A 37-year-old man who drank industrial alcohol (100 ml/day) for 4 days. The retinal profiles were evaluated by OCT and fluorescein angiography during the course of treatment. OCT demonstrated peripapillary nerve fiber swelling and accumulation of intraretinal fluid in the acute phase. In the chronic phase, the retinal thickness was diffusely decreased. Steroid pulse therapy was not effective, and his visual acuity was 6/200 OD and 4/100 OS 2 years after the event. OCT was very useful for evaluating the severity of the retinal edema and the temporal changes in the retinal profile. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2006;50:239–241 © Japanese Ophthalmological Society 2006
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- 2006
19. Neovascular Glaucoma After Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion
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Masanori Hangai, Yasuo Kurimoto, Kaoruko Yamamoto, Takuji Iwawaki, Akitaka Tsujikawa, and Masashi Fujihara
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Male ,Intraocular pressure ,medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,Retinal Artery Occlusion ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Glaucoma ,Neovascularization ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Branch retinal artery occlusion ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Humans ,Intraocular Pressure ,Aged ,Ultrasonography ,Retina ,Laser Coagulation ,business.industry ,Retinal ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Glaucoma, Neovascular ,Cotton wool spots ,Carotid Arteries ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Laser coagulation - Abstract
Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) occurring after branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) might not be as rare as previously thought. We report a case of unilateral NVG after BRAO. A 72-year-old man with chronic heart failure suffered from BRAO in the left eye. Funduscopic examination showed retinal edema and many cotton wool spots in the superotemporal retina. Five weeks later, he had increased blurring of vision due to a second BRAO in the inferotemporal retina of the left eye. Three days later, he felt pain and had severe visual loss in the left eye. In the presence of angle neovascularization, intraocular pressure (IOP) in the left eye rose to 35 mmHg. Immediate focal photocoagulation to the affected retina diminished the neovascularization and lowered the IOP. It is possible for NVG to occur as a complication of BRAO. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2005;49:388–390 © Japanese Ophthalmological Society 2005
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- 2005
20. The ability of macular parameters and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer by three SD-OCT instruments to diagnose highly myopic glaucoma
- Author
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Akiyasu Kanamori, Akira Negi, Azusa Akashi, Masashi Fujihara, Yuko Yamada, and Makoto Nakamura
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Retinal Ganglion Cells ,medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,Nerve fiber layer ,Glaucoma ,Refraction, Ocular ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Optical coherence tomography ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Myopia ,Humans ,Macula Lutea ,Intraocular Pressure ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,High myopia ,Reproducibility of Results ,Retinal ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,eye diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,chemistry ,ROC Curve ,Disease Progression ,Cirrus ,Female ,sense organs ,business ,Tomography, Optical Coherence ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Purpose To compare the ability of circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness and macular parameters obtained by three spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) instruments to detect highly myopic glaucoma. Methods In this study, 84 glaucomatous eyes, 53 normal eyes with high myopia, and 86 normal eyes (not highly myopic) were enrolled. Each participant was imaged using Cirrus, RTVue, and 3D OCT to evaluate the average and quadrant cpRNFL thicknesses. The macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer (GCL/IPL), and mRNFL + GCL/IPL (GCC) thicknesses were analyzed. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were compared between the instruments. In addition, the best parameters for the AUC were compared between the cpRNFL parameters and macular parameters in each instrument. Results These analyses revealed similar AUCs for the average cpRNFL and GCC thicknesses between the instruments. RTVue displayed a significantly higher AUC in the nasal cpRNFL thickness than both Cirrus (P = 0.0004) and 3D OCT (P = 0.0006). 3D OCT showed higher AUCs than Cirrus in the mRNFL parameters. There were no significant differences between the best cpRNFL parameters and macular parameters in each instrument. Conclusions The average cpRNFL and GCC thicknesses that were measured using these OCT instruments exhibited similar abilities for diagnosing highly myopic glaucoma, and RTVue exhibited better diagnostic abilities than Cirrus and 3D OCT for nasal cpRNFL. 3D OCT had better ability than Cirrus in the mRNFL. Both cpRNFL and GCC in each instrument were comparable, and their measurements offered good ability for diagnosing glaucoma with high myopia. (http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index/htm9, UMIN000006900.).
- Published
- 2013
21. Comparative assessment for the ability of Cirrus, RTVue, and 3D-OCT to diagnose glaucoma
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Akira Negi, Akiyasu Kanamori, Yuko Yamada, Masashi Fujihara, Makoto Nakamura, and Azusa Akashi
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Retinal Ganglion Cells ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Materials science ,genetic structures ,Nerve fiber layer ,Glaucoma ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,Optical coherence tomography ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Humans ,Macula Lutea ,Ganglion cell layer ,Aged ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Retinal ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Inner plexiform layer ,eye diseases ,Ganglion ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,chemistry ,Area Under Curve ,Cirrus ,Female ,sense organs ,Tomography, Optical Coherence - Abstract
Purpose We compared the ability of circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness and macular parameters obtained by three spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) instruments to detect glaucoma. Methods We enrolled 87 normal eyes and 145 glaucomatous eyes (75 early glaucomatous eyes (EGs), mean deviation > -6 dB). Each participant was imaged using Cirrus, RTVue, and 3D-OCT to evaluate the average and quadrant cpRNFL thicknesses. The macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), ganglion cell layer plus inner plexiform layer (GCL/IPL), and mRNFL + GCL/IPL (ganglion cell complex [GCC]) thicknesses were analyzed. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were compared among the instruments. Results These instruments revealed similar AUCs for the average cpRNFL and GCC thicknesses in EGs, and total all-stage glaucomatous eyes (TGs). RTVue showed better performance in the nasal cpRNFL thickness than Cirrus and 3D-OCT, and better performance in the temporal cpRNFL thickness than 3D-OCT in TGs. RTVue had a higher AUC for the superior GCC thickness compared to Cirrus and 3D-OCT in EGs, and TGs. Cirrus had higher AUCs for GCL/IPL parameters in TGs, and lower AUCs for the mRNFL parameters in EGs and TGs compared to 3D-OCT. Conclusions The average cpRNFL and GCC thicknesses measured using these OCT instruments exhibited similar abilities in the diagnosis of glaucoma, and RTVue exhibited better diagnostic abilities than Cirrus and 3D-OCT for nasal cpRNFL, and superior GCC thicknesses. The diagnostic performance of Cirrus and 3D-OCT was different for GCL/IPL and mRNFL parameters. (http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr number, UMIN000006900.)
- Published
- 2013
22. Comparison of the effect between pegaptanib and ranibizumab on exudative age-related macular degeneration with small lesion size
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Yoshihiro Nishimura, Mamoru Uenishi, Maiko Taguchi, Masashi Fujihara, Shigeru Honda, and Takafumi Nagai
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medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,pegaptanib ,Pegaptanib ,Lesion ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Small Lesion ,Initial treatment ,ranibizumab ,age-related macular degeneration ,Original Research ,business.industry ,small lesion size ,Retrospective cohort study ,Clinical Ophthalmology ,Macular degeneration ,RE1-994 ,medicine.disease ,Exudative age-related macular degeneration ,eye diseases ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,Ranibizumab ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Yoshihiro Nishimura1,2, Maiko Taguchi1, Takafumi Nagai1, Masashi Fujihara1,2, Shigeru Honda2, Mamoru Uenishi11Department of Ophthalmology, Mitsubishi Kobe Hospital, Kobe, Japan; 2Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, JapanPurpose: To compare the effect of pegaptanib versus ranibizumab on exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with small lesion size.Methods: This is a retrospective study of 81 eyes from 78 patients with exudative AMD treated and followed up over 12 months. Patients with baseline best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) under 20/400 and with a greatest linear dimension of lesion over 4500 µm were excluded from the study. Twenty-six eyes from 25 patients were treated with three consecutive intravitreal injections of pegaptanib (IVP group) and 55 eyes from 54 patients were treated with three consecutive ranibizumab injections (IVR group). Each therapy was repeated as needed. The alteration in BCVA was evaluated in the IVP and IVR groups.Results: No differences were detected in baseline parameters between the IVP and IVR groups. The mean BCVA (logMAR) at month 1, 3, 6 and 12 after the initial treatment was improved from baseline in the IVP group (-0.095, -0.17, -0.18 and -0.18, respectively) and in the IVR group (-0.077, -0.15, -0.17 and -0.11, respectively), which was statistically significant. There was no difference in the change in mean BCVA between IVP and IVR groups at the same time periods.Conclusions: The visual outcome of IVP was equivalent with IVR in exudative AMD with small lesion size.Keywords: pegaptanib, ranibizumab, age-related macular degeneration, small lesion size
- Published
- 2012
23. Cigarette smoking, oxidative stress, the anti-oxidant response through Nrf2 signaling, and Age-related Macular Degeneration
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Michael B. Sporn, James T. Handa, Arthur H. Neufeld, Norihiro Nagai, Masashi Fujihara, Marisol Cano, Ai Ling Wang, Shyam Biswal, and Rajesh Thimmalappula
- Subjects
genetic structures ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Apoptosis ,Disease ,Retinal Pigment Epithelium ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antioxidants ,Article ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Macular Degeneration ,Mice ,Cigarette smoking ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Transcription factor ,business.industry ,Smoking ,Retinal ,Macular degeneration ,medicine.disease ,Sensory Systems ,eye diseases ,Ophthalmology ,Oxidative Stress ,chemistry ,Immunology ,sense organs ,business ,Oxidative stress ,Nrf2 signaling - Abstract
Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among the elderly. While excellent treatment has emerged for neovascular disease, treatment for early AMD is lacking due to an incomplete understanding of the early molecular events. Cigarette smoking is the strongest epidemiologic risk factor, yet we do not understand how smoking contributes to AMD. Smoking related oxidative damage during the early phases of AMD may play an important role. This review explores how cigarette smoking and oxidative stress to the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) might contribute to AMD, and how the transcription factor Nrf2 can activate a cytoprotective response.
- Published
- 2009
24. Mice That Produce ApoB100 Lipoproteins in the RPE Do Not Develop Drusen yet Are Still a Valuable Experimental System
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Marisol Cano, Masashi Fujihara, and James T. Handa
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Retinal pigment epithelium ,genetic structures ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Apolipoprotein B ,Drusen ,Macular degeneration ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Filipin ,eye diseases ,Cell biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Western blot ,Glycation ,medicine ,biology.protein ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,sense organs ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
Purpose Mice typically produce apolipoprotein B (apoB)-48 and not apoB100. Apolipoprotein B100 accumulates in Bruch's membrane prior to basal deposit and drusen formation during the onset of AMD, raising the possibility that they are a trigger for these Bruch's membrane alterations. The purpose herein, was to determine whether mice that predominantly produce apoB100 develop features of AMD. Methods The eyes of mice that produce apoB100 were examined for apoB100 synthesis, cholesteryl esterase/filipin labeling for cholesteryl esters, and transmission electron microscopy for lipid particles and phenotype. Results Apolipoprotein B100 was abundant in the RPE-choroid of apoB100, but not wild-type mice by Western blot analysis. The apolipoprotein B100,(35)S-radiolabeled and immunoprecipitated from RPE explants, confirmed that apoB100 was synthesized by RPE. Apolipoprotein B100, but not control mice, had cholesteryl esters and lipid particles in Bruch's membrane. Immunoreactivity of ApoB100 was present in the RPE and Bruch's membrane, but not choroidal endothelium of apoB100 mice. Ultrastructural changes were consistent with aging, but not AMD when aged up to 18 months. The induction of advanced glycation end products to alter Bruch's membrane, did not promote basal linear deposit or drusen formation. Conclusions Mice that produce apoB100 in the RPE and liver secrete lipoproteins into Bruch's membrane, but not to the extent that distinct features of AMD develop, which suggests that either additional lipoprotein accumulation or additional factors are necessary to initiate their formation.
- Published
- 2014
25. Triamcinolone acetonide with vitrectomy for treatment of macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion
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Akitaka Tsujikawa, Masashi Fujihara, Takuji Iwawaki, Kaoruko Yamamoto, and Yasuo Kurimoto
- Subjects
Pars plana ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Triamcinolone acetonide ,Visual acuity ,genetic structures ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Visual Acuity ,Foveal thickness ,Vitrectomy ,Pilot Projects ,Triamcinolone Acetonide ,Macular Edema ,Injections ,Ophthalmology ,Retinal Vein Occlusion ,Medicine ,Humans ,Macular edema ,Glucocorticoids ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Intraoperative Care ,business.industry ,Capsule ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Combined Modality Therapy ,eye diseases ,Vitreous Body ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Treatment Outcome ,Branch retinal vein occlusion ,Female ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Tomography, Optical Coherence ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Purpose To review the efficacy of a combination of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injection and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for the treatment of macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Methods Seventeen eyes with macular edema associated with BRVO underwent PPV with an intraoperative injection of TA (10 mg) into the vitreous cavity. Residual or recurrent macular edema was treated with postoperative sub-Tenon capsule injections of TA (20 mg). Results With PPV and an intraoperative injection of TA, 82% of eyes showed rapid reduction of macular edema; foveal thickness decreased from 507 +/- 115 microm preoperatively to 261 +/- 123 microm 2 months after surgery (P = 0.0041). However, 59% of eyes showed recurrence of macular edema during the follow-up period. Twelve eyes with residual or recurrent macular edema received sub-Tenon capsule injections of TA; of these eyes, 9 showed substantial reduction of macular edema. Foveal thickness decreased from 381 +/- 102 microm to 256 +/- 56 microm (P = 0.0076) 2 weeks after postoperative injections of TA. At the final visit, visual acuity (logMAR) improved from 0.74 +/- 0.40 preoperatively to 0.40 +/- 0.34 (P = 0.010). Conclusion An intraoperative injection of TA in combination with PPV has the potential to facilitate the absorption of macular edema associated with BRVO. In addition, residual or recurrent macular edema can be treated with additional sub-Tenon capsule injections of TA.
- Published
- 2005
26. Angle widening and alteration of ciliary process configuration after cataract surgery for primary angle closure
- Author
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Yasuo Kurimoto, Takuji Iwawaki, Masashi Fujihara, Takehisa Kondo, Atsushi Nonaka, Kenji Yamashiro, Masashi Kikuchi, and Kaoruko Yamamoto
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Eye disease ,Ultrasound biomicroscopy ,Microscopy, Acoustic ,Scleral spur ,Glaucoma ,Cataract Extraction ,Cataract ,Ciliary processes ,Ciliary body ,Anterior Eye Segment ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Humans ,Postoperative Period ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Ciliary Body ,Cataract surgery ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Female ,sense organs ,business ,Glaucoma, Angle-Closure - Abstract
To evaluate quantitatively, by means of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), changes in the anterior segment configuration, including the ciliary processes, induced by cataract surgery in eyes with primary angle closure.Retrospective interventional case series.Thirty-one eyes of 31 patients with primary angle closure or primary angle-closure glaucoma were treated with cataract surgery. Before cataract surgery, 10 eyes had been treated with laser peripheral iridotomy, and 1 with laser peripheral iridoplasty.Configuration of the anterior chamber was examined by means of UBM before and at 3 months after cataract surgery.Using UBM, anterior chamber depth (ACD), angle opening distance at points 500 mum from the scleral spur (AOD500), and trabecular-ciliary process distance (TCPD) were measured.Not only ACD and AOD500, but also TCPD, increased significantly after cataract surgery, compared with measurements obtained before surgery (P0.001). Postoperative AOD500 was correlated significantly with postoperative TCPD (r = 0.72, P0.001) and with the amount of change of TCPD caused by cataract surgery (Delta TCPD) (r = 0.52, P0.01).Cataract surgery attenuated anterior positioning of the ciliary processes in eyes with primary angle closure, concomitant with significant widening of the angle. Cataract surgery resulted in not only complete dissolution of lens volume and pupillary block, but also attenuation of the anterior positioning of the ciliary processes, all of which contributed to postoperative widening of the angle in eyes with primary angle closure.
- Published
- 2005
27. Retinal cystoid spaces in acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
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Yasuo Kurimoto, Kaoruko Yamamoto, Masashi Fujihara, Akitaka Tsujikawa, Kenji Yamashiro, and Atsushi Nonaka
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Visual acuity ,Choroiditis ,genetic structures ,Eye disease ,Posterior pole ,Visual Acuity ,Fundus (eye) ,Retinal Diseases ,Ophthalmology ,Medicine ,Humans ,Fluorescein Angiography ,Glucocorticoids ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Retina ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Cysts ,Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome ,Exudative retinal detachment ,Middle Aged ,Fluorescein angiography ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,eye diseases ,Body Fluids ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Acute Disease ,Female ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Tomography, Optical Coherence - Abstract
Purpose Exudative retinal detachment in acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome often is associated with subfoveal yellowish round structures. This report describes the incidence and clinical characteristics of these structures. Design Interventional case series. Methods We reviewed the fundus photographs and medical records of 35 eyes of 19 Japanese patients with bilateral diffuse choroiditis at the onset of acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. Results All eyes showed subretinal fluid in the posterior pole. In addition, yellowish round structures were seen in 15 eyes (43%). Most of the yellowish structures were subfoveal in location and ranged in size from less than 1 disk diameter to 3 disk diameters. In 6 eyes with these structures, optical coherence tomography showed liquid accumulation in the retina or thin walls, which seemed to separate the cystoid spaces from the subretinal fluid. Late-phase fluorescein angiography showed pooling of dye within these structures as well as within the subretinal fluid. Immediately after corticosteroid administration was initiated, these structures began to be less obvious, and they disappeared completely within several days; there was a concomitant reduction in the subretinal fluid. At the initial visit, visual acuity in eyes with these yellowish structures was slightly less than that in eyes without them, but no differences in visual acuity were found during the period of follow-up. Conclusion Subfoveal yellowish round structures may be a common feature in acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. However, they appear to have only a minor (if any) effect on visual prognosis.
- Published
- 2004
28. Comparison of the Effect of Ranibizumab and Verteporfin for Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy: 12-Month LAPTOP Study Results
- Author
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Nobuhiro Bessho, Akira Negi, Michiko Mandai, Hideyasu Oh, Mamoru Uenishi, Akio Oishi, Toshiyuki Matsuoka, Shigeru Honda, Mihori Kita, Yasuo Kurimoto, Hiroshi Kojima, Tomoko Nagai, and Masashi Fujihara
- Subjects
Indocyanine Green ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Porphyrins ,Visual acuity ,genetic structures ,Visual Acuity ,Angiogenesis Inhibitors ,Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Polyps ,Double-Blind Method ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Ranibizumab ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Prospective Studies ,Fluorescein Angiography ,Coloring Agents ,Prospective cohort study ,Aged ,Photosensitizing Agents ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Verteporfin ,Choroid Diseases ,Fluorescein angiography ,eye diseases ,Surgery ,Ophthalmology ,Treatment Outcome ,Photochemotherapy ,chemistry ,Intravitreal Injections ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Indocyanine green ,Tomography, Optical Coherence ,Follow-Up Studies ,medicine.drug - Abstract
To compare the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and intravitreal ranibizumab in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).Randomized clinical trial.Multicenter.Total of 93 patients with treatment-naïve PCV.Patients were randomized to 2 arms. Patients in the PDT arm underwent a single session of PDT with verteporfin, and patients in the ranibizumab arm received 3 monthly ranibizumab injections at baseline. Additional treatment was performed as needed in each arm.Primary outcome measurement was the proportion of patients gaining or losing more than 0.2 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) units from baseline. Mean change of logMAR and central retinal thickness (CRT) were also evaluated.In the PDT arm (n = 47), 17.0% achieved visual acuity gain, 55.3% had no change, and 27.7% experienced visual acuity loss. The results were 30.4%, 60.9%, and 8.7%, respectively, in the ranibizumab arm (n = 46), significantly better than the PDT arm (P = .039). In the PDT arm, mean CRT improved (366.8 ± 113.6 μm to 289.1 ± 202.3 μm, P.001), but logMAR was unchanged (0.57 ± 0.31 to 0.62 ± 0.40). The ranibizumab arm demonstrated improvement in both CRT (418.9 ± 168.6 μm to 311.2 ± 146.9 μm, P.001) and logMAR (0.48 ± 0.27 to 0.39 ± 0.26, P = .003). Mean change of logMAR was also greater in the ranibizumab arm (P = .011).Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab is more effective than PDT for treatment-naïve PCV.
- Published
- 2013
29. Cluster Analyses of Grid-Pattern Display in Macular Parameters Using Optical Coherence Tomography for Glaucoma Diagnosis
- Author
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Maiko Naka, Makoto Nakamura, Yuko Yamada, Azusa Akashi, Masashi Fujihara, and Akiyasu Kanamori
- Subjects
Male ,Retinal Ganglion Cells ,medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,Nerve fiber layer ,Glaucoma ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nerve Fibers ,Grid pattern ,Optical coherence tomography ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Cluster Analysis ,Humans ,Macula Lutea ,Intraocular Pressure ,Receiver operating characteristic ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Retinal ,Early glaucoma ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,ROC Curve ,chemistry ,Female ,sense organs ,business ,Tomography, Optical Coherence - Abstract
PURPOSE. Using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), we assessed the ability of cluster analyses, based on the grid-pattern of macular parameters, to detect glaucoma. METHODS. We enrolled 75 normal eyes, 64 early glaucomatous eyes (EG), and 40 preperimetric glaucomatous eyes (PPG). Each participant was imaged using 3-dimensional optical coherence tomography (3D-OCT) to examine the macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL) and the thickness of the ganglion cell layer, together with the inner plexiform layer (GCL/IPL). Diagnostic criteria based on the clustering of abnormal grids from the mRNFL and GCL/IPL measurements were applied. The sensitivity and specificity of glaucoma detection were compared between the cluster criteria (CC) and the average thickness criteria (ATC) of total and hemiretinal sectors, and the cut-off criteria were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses from our normal controls. RESULTS. The specificity values of CC and ATC from mRNFL measurements were 97% and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity of CC was 94% for EG and 68% for PPG. The sensitivity of ATC was 81% for EG and 38% for PPG. The specificity values of CC and ATC from GCL/IPL measurements were 96% and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity values of CC and ATC were 92% for EG and 63% for PPG. The sensitivity of ATC was 84% for EG and 25% for PPG. When compared to ATC and ROC-based cut-off criteria, CC showed a higher diagnostic capability. CONCLUSIONS. Judging abnormality based on a clustering of abnormal grids from macular OCT parameters may be a reliable approach for diagnosing early glaucoma. (http://www.umin.ac. jp/ctr/index/htm9 number, UMIN000006900.)
- Published
- 2013
30. Chronic Cigarette Smoke Causes Oxidative Damage and Apoptosis to Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Cells in Mice
- Author
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Norihiro Nagai, Thomas E. Sussan, James T. Handa, Shyam Biswal, and Masashi Fujihara
- Subjects
Pathology/Histopathology ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,lcsh:Medicine ,Apoptosis ,Retinal Pigment Epithelium ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Andrology ,Macular Degeneration ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,Basal (phylogenetics) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,In Situ Nick-End Labeling ,medicine ,Geriatrics/Geriatric Ophthalmology ,Animals ,Humans ,lcsh:Science ,Paraformaldehyde ,030304 developmental biology ,Smoke ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,Retinal pigment epithelium ,TUNEL assay ,Smoking ,lcsh:R ,Epithelial Cells ,Retinal ,Ophthalmology/Macular Disorders ,eye diseases ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Oxidative Stress ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Tobacco Smoke Pollution ,lcsh:Q ,Bruch Membrane ,sense organs ,Oxidative stress ,Research Article - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether mice exposed to chronic cigarette smoke develop features of early age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Two month old C57Bl6 mice were exposed to either filtered air or cigarette smoke in a smoking chamber for 5 h/day, 5 days/week for 6 months. Eyes were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde/2% paraformaldehyde and examined for ultrastructural changes by transmission electron microscopy. The contralateral eye was fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde and examined for oxidative injury to the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) by 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) immunolabeling and apoptosis by TUNEL labeling. Mice exposed to cigarette smoke had immunolabeling for 8-OHdG in 85+/-3.7% of RPE cells counted compared to 9.5+/-3.9% in controls (p
- Published
- 2008
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