515 results on '"Kun Chen"'
Search Results
2. Prevalence and risk factors of mcr-1-positive volunteers after colistin banning as animal growth promoter in China: a community-based case–control study
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Yulin Fu, Jianzhong Shen, Changfeng Peng, Xiangxiao Deng, Chunyan Xu, Yuebin Ke, Bang Liu, Liu Weiwen, Lu Yang, Ziquan Lv, Dejun Liu, Hailing Ye, Yingbo Shen, Chang Cai, Jie He, Juan Liu, Yang Wang, and Kun Chen
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Volunteers ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,030106 microbiology ,Population ,Lower risk ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Escherichia coli ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Community based ,education.field_of_study ,Colistin ,Genetic heterogeneity ,business.industry ,Escherichia coli Proteins ,Case-control study ,General Medicine ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Infectious Diseases ,Carriage ,Case-Control Studies ,MCR-1 ,business ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Plasmids ,medicine.drug - Abstract
China banned the use of colistin as animal growth promoter in April 2017. Herein, we report the prevalence of mcr-1 in the intestine of healthy humans and risk factors associated with mcr-1 carriage after the implementation of the ban.We recruited 719 healthy volunteers from Shenzhen City from 1 March 2018 to 31 December 2019 to investigate the prevalence of mcr-1 in human intestine, and undertook a case-control study to ascertain the risk factors associated with the mcr-1-positive population. A further comparative study was conducted to identify differences between genetic characteristics of mcr-1-positive and mcr-1-negative Escherichia coli.Overall, 56 (7.8%, 95% CI 5.9%-10.0%, n = 719) individual faecal samples were positive for mcr-1, and prevalence of mcr-1 among individuals in 2019 (2.4%, 95% CI 8.7%-15.0%, 7/294) was significantly lower than that in 2018 (11.5%, 95% CI 1.0%-4.8%, 49/425) (p 0.0001). After the colistin ban, animal-derived food (pork and chicken meat) was no longer a risk factor for mcr-1 carriage in human intestine, whereas a higher intake of fish and seafood (75 g/day) and whole grains (150 g/day) was associated with higher and lower risk of mcr-1 carriage, respectively (OR 2.175, 95% CI 1.047-4.517; OR 0.045, 95% CI 0.004-0.567). Compared with mcr-1-negative E. coli, the mcr-1-positive E. coli had different patterns of resistance genes and genetic heterogeneity.Our study implicates aquatic food as beeing associated with mcr-1 carriage in the healthy population, even after the ban on colistin. Dietary modification (e.g. whole grains) may help to combat mcr-1-positive bacterial colonization of the gut.
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- 2022
3. Recommendations for ventilation of indoor spaces to reduce COVID-19 transmission
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Chung-Yen Chen, Jia-Kun Chen, Ta-Chen Su, and Ping-Hui Chen
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2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Ventilation ,law.invention ,Transmission (mechanics) ,law ,Ventilation (architecture) ,Emergency medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,business ,Perspectives - Published
- 2021
4. Integrated safety analysis of filgotinib in patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis receiving treatment over a median of 1.6 years
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R. Besuyen, Beatrix Bartok, Kun Chen, Franziska Matzkies, Tsutomu Takeuchi, Alan Kivitz, Gerd R Burmester, Kevin L. Winthrop, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg, Deyuan Jiang, Angelika Jahreis, Yoshiya Tanaka, and Mark C. Genovese
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Filgotinib ,antirheumatic agents ,Pyridines ,Immunology ,Rheumatoid Arthritis ,Serious infection ,Placebo ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Rheumatology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,therapeutics ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,Janus Kinase Inhibitors ,In patient ,Adverse effect ,business.industry ,Triazoles ,medicine.disease ,Tolerability ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,business ,Venous thromboembolism - Abstract
ObjectiveTo characterise safety of the Janus kinase-1 preferential inhibitor filgotinib in patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis.MethodsData were integrated from seven trials (NCT01668641, NCT01894516, NCT02889796, NCT02873936, NCT02886728, NCT02065700, NCT03025308). Results are from placebo (PBO)-controlled (through week (W)12) and long-term, as-treated (all available data for patients receiving ≥1 dose filgotinib 200 (FIL200) or 100 mg (FIL100) daily) datasets. We calculated exposure-adjusted incidence rates (EAIRs)/100 patient-years filgotinib exposure (100PYE) for treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs).Results3691 patients received filgotinib for 6080.7 PYE (median 1.6, maximum 5.6 years). During the PBO-controlled period, TEAEs, including those of grade ≥3, occurred at comparable rates with filgotinib or PBO; long-term EAIRs of TEAEs grade ≥3 were 6.4 and 7.6/100PYE for FIL200 and FIL100. EAIRs for deaths were 0.6/100PYE for FIL200, FIL100 and PBO; long-term EAIRs were 0.5 and 0.3/100PYE for FIL200 and FIL100. EAIRs for serious infection were 3.9, 3.3 and 2.4/100PYE for FIL200, FIL100 and PBO; long-term EAIRs were 1.6 and 3.1/100PYE for FIL200 and FIL100. EAIRs for herpes zoster were 0.6, 1.1, and 1.1/100PYE for FIL200, FIL100 and PBO; long-term EAIRs were 1.8 and 1.1/100PYE for FIL200 and FIL100. EAIRs for major adverse cardiovascular events were 0, 1.7 and 1.1/100PYE for FIL200, FIL100 and PBO; long-term EAIRs were 0.4 and 0.6/100PYE for FIL200 and FIL100. No venous thromboembolism occurred during the PBO-controlled period; long-term EAIRs were 0.2 and 0/100PYE for FIL200 and FIL100.ConclusionsOver a median of 1.6 and maximum of 5.6 years of exposure, safety/tolerability of FIL200 and FIL100 were similar, with a lower incidence of infections with FIL200 among the long-term, as-treated dataset.
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- 2021
5. Long‐term risk of colorectal cancer after removal of adenomas during screening colonoscopies in a large community‐based population in China
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Qian Xiao, Yimin Fang, Qilong Li, Jinhuan Yang, Meilin Wang, Qi Dong, Mingjuan Jin, Xiangxing Kong, Yingshuang Zhu, Yunfeng Zhu, Yanqin Huang, Jinjie He, Kefeng Ding, Yeting Hu, Shu Zheng, and Kun Chen
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Adenoma ,Adult ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,Colorectal cancer ,Population ,Colonoscopy ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,education ,Early Detection of Cancer ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,education.field_of_study ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Hazard ratio ,Confounding ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,stomatognathic diseases ,Oncology ,Female ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,business - Abstract
Patients with conventional adenoma removal are recommended to undergo colonoscopy surveillance to prevent colorectal cancer (CRC). However, evidence supporting the guidelines of colonoscopy surveillance is limited, especially among the Chinese population. We investigated the association between colonoscopy adenoma findings and CRC risk among individuals aged 40-74 years who underwent baseline colonoscopy from 2007 to 2016 in Jiashan and Haining, Zhejiang, China. 34 382 participants were categorized into advanced adenoma, nonadvanced adenoma and no adenoma based on adenoma findings. Multivariable Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of CRC incidence with adjustment for potential confounding factors. After a median follow-up time of 7.7 years, 113 incident cases of CRC were identified (18 occurred in 1632 participants with advanced adenoma, 16 in 3973 participants with nonadvanced adenoma and 79 in 28 777 participants with no adenoma). Compared with no adenoma group, the adjusted HR for CRC in advanced adenoma group was 4.01 (95% CI, 2.37, 6.77). For nonadvanced adenomas, individuals with ≥3 adenomas showed an increased risk of CRC (HR, 3.65; 95% CI, 1.43, 9.31), but no significantly increased risk of CRC was found for 1-2 nonadvanced adenomas, compared with those with no adenoma. Our study suggested that the risk of subsequent CRC increased in individuals with high-risk adenoma (at least one advanced adenoma or ≥3 nonadvanced adenomas), but not in those with 1-2 nonadvanced adenomas. These results provide the first evidence from the Chinese population for the current surveillance guidelines. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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- 2021
6. Safety and Efficacy of Natalizumab as Adjunctive Therapy for People With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
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Jacqueline A, French, Andrew J, Cole, Edward, Faught, William H, Theodore, Annamaria, Vezzani, Kore, Liow, Jonathan J, Halford, Robert, Armstrong, Jerzy P, Szaflarski, Sarah, Hubbard, Jagdish, Patel, Kun, Chen, Wei, Feng, Marco, Rizzo, Jacob, Elkins, Gabrielle, Knafler, Kimberly A, Parkerson, and Jose, Rafecas
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Adult ,Drug Resistant Epilepsy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Seizure types ,Natalizumab ,Phases of clinical research ,Odds ratio ,Placebo ,medicine.disease ,Epilepsy ,Treatment Outcome ,Seizures ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Anticonvulsants ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Adverse effect ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background and ObjectivesTo explore efficacy/safety of natalizumab, a humanized monoclonal anti–α4-integrin antibody, as adjunctive therapy in adults with drug-resistant focal epilepsy.MethodsParticipants with ≥6 seizures during the 6-week baseline period were randomized 1:1 to receive natalizumab 300 mg IV or placebo every 4 weeks for 24 weeks. Primary efficacy outcome was change from baseline in log-transformed seizure frequency, with a predefined threshold for therapeutic success of 31% relative reduction in seizure frequency over the placebo group. Countable seizure types were focal aware with motor signs, focal impaired awareness, and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic. Secondary efficacy endpoints/safety were also assessed.ResultsOf 32 and 34 participants dosed in the natalizumab 300 mg and placebo groups, 30 (94%) and 31 (91%) completed the placebo-controlled treatment period, respectively (one participant was randomized to receive natalizumab but not dosed due to IV complications). Estimated relative change in seizure frequency of natalizumab over placebo was −14.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] –46.1%–36.1%; p = 0.51). The proportion of participants with ≥50% reduction from baseline in seizure frequency was 31.3% for natalizumab and 17.6% for placebo (odds ratio 2.09, 95% CI 0.64–6.85; p = 0.22). Adverse events were reported in 24 (75%) and 22 (65%) participants receiving natalizumab vs placebo.DiscussionAlthough the threshold to demonstrate efficacy was not met, there were no unexpected safety findings and further exploration of possible anti-inflammatory therapies for drug-resistant epilepsy is warranted.Trial Registration InformationThe ClinicalTrials.gov registration number is NCT03283371.Classification of EvidenceThis study provides Class I evidence that IV natalizumab every 4 weeks, compared to placebo, did not significantly change seizure frequency in adults with drug-resistant epilepsy. The study lacked the precision to exclude an important effect of natalizumab.
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- 2021
7. Circulating EVs long RNA-based subtyping and deconvolution enable prediction of immunogenic signatures and clinical outcome for PDAC
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Zhiqiang Meng, Kun Chen, Yuchen Li, Sijia Gu, Shulin Yu, Shenglin Huang, Yalei Zhang, Peng Wang, Yan Li, Ling Qian, Hongyan Lai, Hena Zhang, and Ye Li
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Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,Concordance ,immune checkpoint genes ,RM1-950 ,extracellular vesicle long RNA ,tissue-cellular origin ,Internal medicine ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,tumor microenvironment ,circulating EVs ,Tumor microenvironment ,business.industry ,Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes ,RNA ,Cancer ,Extracellular vesicle ,medicine.disease ,Subtyping ,digestive system diseases ,Cohort ,Molecular Medicine ,Original Article ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,business - Abstract
Identification of clinically applicable molecular subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is crucial to improving patient outcomes. However, the traditional tissue-dependent transcriptional subtyping strategies are invasive and not amenable to routine clinical evaluation. In this study, we developed a circulating extracellular vesicle (cEV) long RNA (exLR)-based PDAC subtyping method and provided exLR-derived signatures for predicting immunogenic features and clinical outcomes in PDAC. We enrolled 426 individuals, among which 227 PDACs served as an internal cohort, 118 PDACs from two other medical centers served as an independent validation cohort, and 81 healthy individuals served as the control. ExLR sequencing was performed on all plasma samples. We found that PDAC could be categorized into three subtypes based on plasma exLR profiles. Each subpopulation showed its own molecular features and was associated with patient clinical prognosis. The immunocyte-derived cEV fractions were altered among PDAC subtypes and interconnected with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in cancerous tissue. Additionally, we found a significant concordance of immunoregulators between tissue and blood EVs, and we harvested potential PDAC therapeutic targets. Most importantly, we constructed a nine exLR-derived, tissue-applicable signature for prognostic assessment of PDAC. The circulating exLR-based features may offer an attractive platform for personalized treatment and predicting patient outcomes in multiple types of cancer., Graphical abstract, This is the first study to use large-scale cEV transcriptome analysis for cancer risk stratification and uncover a complex interaction network of immunogenic components with clinical implications between circulatory particles and primary nidus from PDAC cases.
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- 2021
8. A Case of Parturient with Hereditary Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Case Report of a Novel Variant
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Ning Tang, Ming Huang, Chi Zhang, Xiong Wang, and Jun-Kun Chen
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Plasma Exchange ,Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic ,business.industry ,Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura ,medicine ,Humans ,Hematology ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Dermatology - Published
- 2021
9. Emerging strategies to target RAS signaling in human cancer therapy
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Ling Qian, Yalei Zhang, Kun Chen, and Peng Wang
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0301 basic medicine ,Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pyridines ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Review ,medicine.disease_cause ,Piperazines ,Malignant transformation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Neoplasms ,Drug Discovery ,Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,HRAS ,Molecular Targeted Therapy ,Molecular Biology ,RAS-targeted therapy ,RC254-282 ,Hematology ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,medicine.disease ,Phenotype ,030104 developmental biology ,Pyrimidines ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Mutation ,Cancer research ,ras Proteins ,Hotspots ,KRAS ,RAS mutations ,RC633-647.5 ,business ,Clinicopathological features ,Human cancer ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
RAS mutations (HRAS, NRAS, and KRAS) are among the most common oncogenes, and around 19% of patients with cancer harbor RAS mutations. Cells harboring RAS mutations tend to undergo malignant transformation and exhibit malignant phenotypes. The mutational status of RAS correlates with the clinicopathological features of patients, such as mucinous type and poor differentiation, as well as response to anti-EGFR therapies in certain types of human cancers. Although RAS protein had been considered as a potential target for tumors with RAS mutations, it was once referred to as a undruggable target due to the consecutive failure in the discovery of RAS protein inhibitors. However, recent studies on the structure, signaling, and function of RAS have shed light on the development of RAS-targeting drugs, especially with the approval of Lumakras (sotorasib, AMG510) in treatment of KRASG12C-mutant NSCLC patients. Therefore, here we fully review RAS mutations in human cancer and especially focus on emerging strategies that have been recently developed for RAS-targeting therapy.
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- 2021
10. Prospective assessment of diagnostic efficacy and safety of SonazoidTM and SonoVue® ultrasound contrast agents in patients with focal liver lesions
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Yi-Hong Chou, Bing Hu, Yukun Luo, Jae Young Lee, Yi Wang, Kun Chen, Yuxin Jiang, Xiaoyan Xie, Hongyan Zhai, Young Joon Lee, Ping Liang, Wen-Ping Wang, Christina Kalli, Lianfang Du, Hui-Xiong Xu, Ying Luan, Baoming Luo, Ja-Der Liang, and Ke Lv
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,business.industry ,Urology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ultrasound ,Gastroenterology ,Phases of clinical research ,Hepatology ,Confidence interval ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Microbubbles ,Contrast (vision) ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,In patient ,Radiology ,business ,media_common ,Contrast-enhanced ultrasound - Abstract
Objectives To assess the respective diagnostic value of Sonazoid™ and SonoVue® for characterizing FLLs as benign or malignant and the corresponding safety. Methods This prospective Phase 3 study was conducted at 17 centres in China and Korea (May 2014 to April 2015); 424 patients (20 to 80 years) with at least 1 untreated focal liver lesion (FLL) ( Results Sonazoid-enhanced and SonoVue-enhanced ultrasound provided a statistically significant improvement in specificity for all 3 readers comparing to unenhanced ultrasound (for Sonazoid: p = 0.0093, p = 0.002, 0.03, 0.12, respectively). Difference in accuracy improvement between the 2 groups was within the pre-specified non-inferiority margin of 20% for all 3 readers (6.1%, 95% CI: − 5.0 to 17.2; − 7.5%, 95% CI: − 18.4 to 3.5; − 0.3%, 95% CI: − 11.3 to 10.7). The diagnostic confidence level for all 3 readers increased with post-contrast images relative to pre-contrast images. Both contrast agents were well tolerated. Conclusion Results showed a similar efficacy for Sonazoid™ and SonoVue® in diagnosing FLLs as benign or malignant, and underlined the benefit of CEUS imaging over unenhanced ultrasound imaging in reaching a confident diagnosis without having to refer patients for additional imaging exams.
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- 2021
11. Longitudinal changes in fasting plasma glucose are associated with risk of cancer mortality: A Chinese cohort study
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Zhebin Yu, Mengling Tang, Kun Chen, Mengyin Wu, Zongming Yang, Jieming Lu, Peng Shen, Jianbing Wang, Hongbo Lin, and Mingjuan Jin
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0301 basic medicine ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,endocrine system diseases ,Coefficient of variation ,Risk Assessment ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Cause of Death ,Neoplasms ,cancer mortality ,Risk of mortality ,cohort study ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Medicine ,fasting plasma glucose ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,RC254-282 ,Research Articles ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Retrospective Studies ,Cancer mortality ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,variability ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Fasting ,Middle Aged ,Impaired fasting glucose ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Oncology ,Quartile ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,longitudinal change ,business ,Cancer Prevention ,Cohort study ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Numerous studies have suggested that fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was associated with the risk of mortality. However, relationship on longitudinal changes of FPG with the risk of mortality remained inconsistent. Methods We examined the association of FPG at baseline and its longitudinal changes with risk of mortality based on a cohort study in Yinzhou, China, during 2010–2018. Cox regression models and competing risk models were separately used to examine the association of FPG levels and long‐term fluctuation with risk of total and cause‐specific mortality. Results Subjects who had an impaired fasting glucose or diabetes suffered a higher risk of total mortality than subjects who had a normal fasting glucose (HRs and 95% CIs: 1.17 [1.01–1.35], 1.30 [1.10–1.53], respectively). The HR for total mortality was 1.54 (95% CI: 1.29–1.84) and for cancer mortality was 1.41 (95% CI: 1.04–1.92) in the highest quartile of coefficient of variation of FPG. Trajectory analysis indicated that subjects with a significantly changed FPG suffered a higher risk of total mortality. Conclusion According to this cohort study, we found that long‐term fluctuation of FPG was significantly associated with the risk of total and cancer mortality. Our findings suggest that long‐term fluctuation of FPG could be used as an efficient indicator for predicting the subsequent risk of mortality., Fasting plasma glucose variation could increase risk of cancer mortality. Controlling fasting plasma glucose fluctuations is of great health significance.
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- 2021
12. Low LDL-C levels are associated with risk of mortality in a Chinese cohort study
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Die Li, Jieming Lu, Liming Shui, Mengling Tang, Kun Chen, Yao Zhu, Zhebin Yu, Jianbing Wang, Mingjuan Jin, Peng Shen, Zongming Yang, Mengyin Wu, and Hongbo Lin
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medicine.medical_specialty ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Population ,Hazard ratio ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Internal medicine ,Risk of mortality ,Medicine ,Risk factor ,business ,education ,Stroke ,Cohort study - Abstract
Although low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been considered as a risk factor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, limited studies can be available to evaluate the association of LDL-C with risk of mortality in the general population. This study aimed to examine the association of LDL-C level with risk of mortality using a propensity-score weighting method in a Chinese population, based on the health examination data. We performed a retrospective cohort study with 65,517 participants aged 40 years or older in Ningbo city, Zhejiang. LDL-C levels were categorized as five groups according to the Chinese dyslipidemia guidelines in adults. To minimize potential biases resulting from a complex array of covariates, we implemented a generalized boosted model to generate propensity-score weights on covariates. Then, we used Cox proportional hazard regression models with all-cause and cause-specific mortality as the dependent variables to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). During the 439,186.5 person years of follow-up, 2403 deaths occurred. Compared with the median LDL-C group (100–130 mg/dL), subjects with extremely low LDL-C levels (group 1) had a higher risk of deaths from all-cause (HR = 2.53, 95% CI:1.80–3.53), CVD (HR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.28–2.61), ischemic stroke (HR = 2.29, 95% CI:1.32–3.94), hemorrhagic stroke (HR = 3.49, 95% CI: 1.57–7.85), and cancer (HR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.04–4.31) while the corresponding HRs in LDL-C group 2 were relatively lower than that in group 1. Low LDL-C levels were associated with an increased risk of all-cause, CVD, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and cancer mortality in the Chinese population.
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- 2021
13. Umbilical cord‐derived MSC and hyperbaric oxygen therapy effectively protected the brain in rat after acute intracerebral haemorrhage
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Pei-Hsun Sung, Re-Wen Wu, Tsung-Cheng Yin, Hon-Kan Yip, Kuan-Hung Chen, Kun-Chen Lin, and John Y. Chiang
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,CD31 ,medicine.medical_specialty ,CD14 ,Apoptosis ,Inflammation ,Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ,HMGB1 ,medicine.disease_cause ,Umbilical cord ,neurological function ,Umbilical Cord ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Animals ,Medicine ,Brain Diseases ,Hyperbaric Oxygenation ,mesenchymal stem cells ,biology ,business.industry ,intracerebral haemorrhage ,Original Articles ,Cell Biology ,Rats ,Disease Models, Animal ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,hyperbaric oxygen ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,biology.protein ,Molecular Medicine ,Original Article ,medicine.symptom ,NeuN ,business ,Intracranial Hemorrhages ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that combined therapy with human umbilical cord‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUCDMSCs) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) was superior to either one on preserving neurological function and reducing brain haemorrhagic volume (BHV) in rat after acute intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) induced by intracranial injection of collagenase. Adult male SD rats (n = 30) were equally divided into group 1 (sham‐operated control), group 2 (ICH), group 3 (ICH +HUCDMSCs/1.2 × 106 cells/intravenous injection at 3h and days 1 and 2 after ICH), group 4 (ICH +HBO/at 3 hours and days 1 and 2 after ICH) and group 5 (ICH +HUCDMSCs‐HBO), and killed by day 28 after ICH. By day 1, the neurological function was significantly impaired in groups 2‐5 than in group 1 (P
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- 2021
14. Budd-Chiari syndrome associated with liver cirrhosis: A case report
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Zi-Kun Chen, Ai-Ling Wei, Yi-Lei Wen, Yao-Chang Luo, Qin-Feng Huang, and Qiaobo Ye
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Budd-Chiari syndrome ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cirrhosis ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Venography ,Inferior vena cava ,03 medical and health sciences ,Liver disease ,0302 clinical medicine ,Angioplasty ,Case report ,Medicine ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Vascular malformation ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,medicine.vein ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Liver cirrhosis ,Budd–Chiari syndrome ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Radiology ,Balloon angioplasty ,business - Abstract
Background Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare heterogeneous liver disease characterized by obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow tract. The incidence of BCS is so low that it is difficult to detect in general practice and difficult to include within the scope of routine diagnosis. The clinical manifestations of BCS are not specific; hence, BCS tends to be misdiagnosed. Case summary We report the case of a 33-year-old Chinese woman who presented with progressive distension in the upper abdomen. She was initially misdiagnosed with liver cirrhosis (LC) due to abnormalities on an upper abdominal computed tomography scan. Although she was taking standard anti-cirrhosis therapy, her symptoms did not improve. Magnetic resonance imaging showed caudate lobe hypertrophy; and dilated lumbar and hemiazygos veins. Venography revealed membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava owing to congenital vascular malformation. A definitive diagnosis of BCS was made. Balloon angioplasty was performed to recanalize the obstructed inferior vena cava and the patient's symptoms were completely resolved. Conclusion BCS lacks specific clinical features and can eventually lead to LC. Clinicians and radiologists must carefully differentiate BCS from LC. Correct diagnosis and timely treatment are vital to the patient's health.
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- 2021
15. Retroperitoneal teratoma resection assisted by 3-dimensional visualization and virtual reality: A case report
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Tao Liu, Rongmu Xia, Kun Chen, and Wen-Gang Li
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Renal artery reconstruction ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Three-dimensional reconstruction ,Virtual reality ,medicine.disease ,Resection ,Visualization ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Retroperitoneal teratoma ,Case report ,Medicine ,Surgery ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Teratoma ,Radiology ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary retroperitoneal tumor is a rare type of tumor with insidious onset, large tumor size at the time of diagnosis, and often extensive involvement of surrounding tissues and blood vessels in the retroperitoneum. Surgery for primary retroperitoneal tumors is technically challenging. Preoperative imaging evaluation is critical for the selection of the optimal surgical approach and can influence complete resection and recurrence rates. Three-dimensional model reconstruction combined with virtual reality is useful for preoperative assessment. CASE SUMMARY A 17-year-old female patient was admitted for abdominal pain lasting for half a year that had been worsening for half a month. Abdominopelvic enhanced helical computed tomography revealed a retroperitoneal space-occupying lesion about 11.3 cm × 9.1 cm in size, with well-defined borders in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen. The lesion compressed the left renal artery and vein resulting in vascular displacement and deformation. A multidisciplinary team decided on the optimal treatment approach. Preoperative three-dimensional visualization and virtual reality technology were used to assess and simulate the surgical procedure. Then, retroperitoneal tumor resection along with renal artery reconstruction was decided as the treatment. Complete resection of the retroperitoneal tumor was performed. Stable blood flow was established after renal artery reconstruction. The tumor was diagnosed as mature cystic teratoma (retroperitoneal tumor) by postoperative pathologic analysis. The patient, who recovered well, was discharged after 2 wk and maintains regular follow-ups. CONCLUSION A combination of three-dimensional reconstruction and virtual reality technology before surgery improves the rate of complete resection of retroperitoneal teratoma.
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- 2021
16. Integrity of the uncinate fasciculus is associated with the onset of bipolar disorder: a 6-year followed-up study
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Xiaoyue Li, Roger S. McIntyre, Weicong Lu, Robin Shao, Suk Yu Yau, Kun Chen, Kangguang Lin, Kwok-Fai So, Wenjin Zou, Guiyun Xu, Ruoxi Zhang, and Yanling Gao
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,Uncinate Fasciculus ,Offspring ,Uncinate fasciculus ,Predictive markers ,Asymptomatic ,Gastroenterology ,Article ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,White matter ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Fractional anisotropy ,medicine ,Humans ,Bipolar disorder ,Prefrontal cortex ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Biological Psychiatry ,business.industry ,Structural integrity ,medicine.disease ,White Matter ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Diffusion Tensor Imaging ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Anisotropy ,Nerve Net ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD) are associated with aberrant uncinate fasciculus (UF) that connects amygdala-ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC) system, but the casual relationship is still uncertain. The research aimed to investigate the integrity of UF among offspring of patients with BD and investigate its potential causal association with subsequent declaration of BD. The fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of UF were compared in asymptomatic offspring (AO, n = 46) and symptomatic offspring (SO, n = 45) with a parent with BD, and age-matched healthy controls (HCs, n = 35). Logistic regressions were performed to assess the predictive effect of UF integrity on the onset of BD. The three groups did not differ at baseline in terms of FA and MD of the UF. Nine out of 45 SO developed BD over a follow-up period of 6 years, and the right UF FA predicted the onset of BD (p = 0.038, OR = 0.212, 95% CI = 0.049–0.917). The ROC curve revealed that the right UF FA predicted BD onset (area-under-curve = 0.859) with sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 77.3%. The complementary whole-brain tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) showed that widespread increases of FA were found in the SO group compared with HCs, but were not associated with the onset of BD. Our data provide evidence supporting the causal relationship between the white matter structural integrity of the amygdala-vPFC system and the onset of BD in genetically at-risk offspring of BD patients.
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- 2021
17. Excitation spectral microscopy for highly multiplexed fluorescence imaging and quantitative biosensing
- Author
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Limin Xiang, Kun Chen, Ke Xu, and Rui Yan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy ,Materials science ,Bioengineering ,Optical Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Fluorescence spectroscopy ,010309 optics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0103 physical sciences ,Spectral width ,Microscopy ,Fluorescence microscope ,medicine ,Applied optics. Photonics ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,business.industry ,QC350-467 ,Optics. Light ,Fluorescence ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,TA1501-1820 ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Spectral imaging ,Förster resonance energy transfer ,Optoelectronics ,business ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The multiplexing capability of fluorescence microscopy is severely limited by the broad fluorescence spectral width. Spectral imaging offers potential solutions, yet typical approaches to disperse the local emission spectra notably impede the attainable throughput. Here we show that using a single, fixed fluorescence emission detection band, through frame-synchronized fast scanning of the excitation wavelength from a white lamp via an acousto-optic tunable filter, up to six subcellular targets, labeled by common fluorophores of substantial spectral overlap, can be simultaneously imaged in live cells with low (~1%) crosstalks and high temporal resolutions (down to ~10 ms). The demonstrated capability to quantify the abundances of different fluorophores in the same sample through unmixing the excitation spectra next enables us to devise novel, quantitative imaging schemes for both bi-state and Förster resonance energy transfer fluorescent biosensors in live cells. We thus achieve high sensitivities and spatiotemporal resolutions in quantifying the mitochondrial matrix pH and intracellular macromolecular crowding, and further demonstrate, for the first time, the multiplexing of absolute pH imaging with three additional target organelles/proteins to elucidate the complex, Parkin-mediated mitophagy pathway. Together, excitation spectral microscopy provides exceptional opportunities for highly multiplexed fluorescence imaging. The prospect of acquiring fast spectral images without the need for fluorescence dispersion or care for the spectral response of the detector offers tremendous potential., Spectrally resolved fluorescence microscopy is achieved through frame-synchronized scanning of the excitation wavelength, thus enabling highly multiplexed fast imaging of live cells for both multitargets and quantitative biosensing.
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- 2022
18. Visit Adherence of Mild to Moderate Psoriasis Patients: A Mobile-Based Randomized Study
- Author
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Chunlei Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Song, Yangfeng Ding, Kazi Deluwar Ahmed, Xiaofei Zhang, Wenqiong Ni, Zhimiao Lin, Shoumin Zhang, Xiaomin Liu, Gang Wang, Yi Zhao, Qintian Zhou, Kun Chen, Yulin Shi, and Min Zheng
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Visit rate ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Topical treatment ,Group A ,Group B ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,visit adherence ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Psoriasis ,Internal medicine ,050602 political science & public administration ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,Original Research ,Plaque psoriasis ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,05 social sciences ,psoriasis ,medicine.disease ,0506 political science ,topical treatment ,Patient Preference and Adherence ,business ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Yi Zhao,1 Gang Wang,2 Wenqiong Ni,3 Zhiqiang Song,4 Kun Chen,5 Chunlei Zhang,6 Shoumin Zhang,7 Yangfeng Ding,8 Min Zheng,9 Yulin Shi,10 Zhimiao Lin,11 Xiaomin Liu,12 Xiaofei Zhang,13 Qintian Zhou,14 Kazi Deluwar Ahmed14 1Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Dermatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 5Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Dermatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 9Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 10Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine; Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 11Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 12Department of Dermatology, The University of Hong Kong–Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 13Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 14Scientific Affairs and MSL Department, LEOPharma China, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yi ZhaoDepartment of Dermatology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, No. 168 Litang Road, Beijing 102218, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail zhaoyimd@tsinghua.edu.cnGang WangDepartment of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail xjwgang@fmmu.edu.cnObjective: We aimed to prospectively evaluate the visit adherence in mild to moderate psoriasis patients.Methods: Plaque psoriasis patients aged 18 or above who were prescribed with a two-component formula ointment were eligible for the study. The patients were randomly assigned to group A or B, and received management with or without planned patient-doctor communication via a mobile platform. The outpatient visit was scheduled at week 2, 8, 16, 28, 48, and 52. Visit adherence was evaluated as the visit rate of the patients.Results: Two hundred twenty-one patients were included. Generally, the visit adherence dropped over time during follow-up. The visit rates in group A were 5.2– 15.7% through the 52 weeks, and similar rates were found in group B (7.5– 17.0%, vs group A, P > 0.05). A negative binomial regression model showed that older age and higher BSA were correlated with more frequent visits.Conclusion: The visit adherence of mild to moderate psoriasis patients was very low in China. Proactive inquiries of the doctors via the mobile platform failed to improve the visit adherence of the patients.Keywords: psoriasis, visit adherence, topical treatment
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- 2021
19. The clinical characteristics of cataplectic attack in narcolepsy type 1
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Huijuan Wu, Zongwen Wang, Jihui Zhang, Tao Xu, Kun Chen, Bei Huang, Jianhua Zhuang, and Zhongxin Zhao
- Subjects
Natural course ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cataplexy ,Medication history ,business.industry ,Polysomnography ,Epworth Sleepiness Scale ,General Medicine ,Positive correlation ,medicine.disease ,Disease course ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030228 respiratory system ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Narcolepsy - Abstract
Objective Cataplexy is a pathognomonic symptom of narcolepsy type 1. This study was conducted to clarify the clinical characteristics of cataplexy by staging, and to further analyse the correlations of clinical features and cataplectic stages in patients with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1). Methods We experimentally triggered patients with NT1 into cataplexy while under video-polysomnography (v-PSG) monitoring in the sleep lab. The most serious cataplectic attack from each patient was analysed. Each cataplectic episode was segmented into four stages according to the v-PSG. Correlations were analysed between cataplectic stages in pairs, and between cataplectic stages and other clinical features. Results We observed 81 cataplectic episodes in 21 patients with diverse triggers, including humorous or exciting videos, tickling, recalling horrible memories and exercising. Nine patients (43%) went through complete cataplectic attacks while the others experienced partial attacks. Four cataplectic stages (ie, triggering, resisting, atonic, and recovering) were identified according to clinical and electromyograms characteristics. Resisting stage is predominant (56.4%) in cataplexy, while atonic stage is most related with the total duration of cataplexy. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale score (ESS) has a positive correlation with the total duration of cataplexy. Both duration of cataplexy and ESS score are negatively correlated with disease course. However, medication history seems have no influence on either cataplexy duration or ESS score. Conclusion Four-stage segmentation shows the dynamic process of the cataplectic attack, which is different from the traditional classification of complete or partial cataplexy. Resisting stage is necessary for every cataplexy and might reflect the compensation mechanism, while atonic stage may be omitted in some patients. The severity of narcolepsy reduces with the extension of natural course regardless of medication history.
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- 2021
20. Co-occurrence of Vitiligo and Psoriasis in an 11-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report
- Author
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Jia-An Zhang, Yi-Qun Jiang, Kun Chen, Min-Zhi Wu, and Rong Li
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Dermatology ,Vitiligo ,lcsh:RL1-803 ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Diseases ,Psoriasis ,lcsh:Dermatology ,Medicine ,Girl ,business ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,media_common - Abstract
Introduction:. Vitiligo and psoriasis are common skin diseases, while its co-occurrence in one patient is rare. Here, we reported a patient with co-occurrence of vitiligo and psoriasis. Case presentation:. An 11-year-old girl developed depigmented patches on her right chin for 6 months. The noticed areas of depigmented skin steadily increased in size with no clinical symptoms. Wood's lamp examination and laser scanning confocal revealed the clinical diagnosis of co-occurrence of vitiligo and psoriasis. Discussion:. Speculations related to co-pathogenesis of vitiligo and psoriasis are still elusive, some explanations of this phenomenon like of isomorphic reaction, shared genetic basis of autoimmunity and inflammation, shared cellular immune pathways including Th1, Th17 and related cellular molecules such as TNF-α, IFN-α, IL-17 have been reported. Conclusion:. The analysis and summary of the underlying association in co-occurrence of psoriasis and vitiligo may amplify future therapeutic options for both disease.Clinicians should pay attention to the methods that could simultaneously improve these two conditions.
- Published
- 2020
21. Alteration in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 by PM1 during the development of emphysema in rats
- Author
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Ta Chih Hsiao, Shu-Chuan Ho, Han Pin Kuo, Kai Jen Chuang, Jen-Kun Chen, Hsiu-Chu Chou, Yi Ying Chen, Hsiao Chi Chuang, Po-Hao Feng, and Kang-Yun Lee
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Medicine ,010501 environmental sciences ,Lung injury ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,Lactate dehydrogenase ,COPD ,Medicine ,030304 developmental biology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,0303 health sciences ,Angiotensin II receptor type 1 ,biology ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Original Articles ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Neutrophil elastase ,Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ,biology.protein ,Smooth muscle hypertrophy ,business ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Introduction Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) provides an adhesion site for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Patients with COPD could have severe outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The objective of this study was to investigate ACE2 regulation by air pollution during the development of COPD. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to unconcentrated traffic-related air pollution for 3 and 6 months. We examined lung injury markers, oxidative stress, inflammation, emphysema, ACE2 and angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) and 2 (AT2) in the lungs after exposure. Results Lung injury occurred due to an increase in permeability and lactate dehydrogenase cytotoxicity was observed after 6 months of exposure to fine particulate matter of, Short-term exposure to PM1 increases ACE2 overexpression in lungs. Long-term exposure to PM1 decreases the ACE2 overexpression in emphysema. Air pollution may be a risk for #SARSCoV2 adhesion during the development of COPD. https://bit.ly/2Vfykur
- Published
- 2020
22. Tailored duration of adjuvant trastuzumab for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer
- Author
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Miao Mo, Lei Fan, Xin Wang, Ke-Da Yu, Han Chen, and Wan-Kun Chen
- Subjects
Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,Article ,Recurrence risk ,03 medical and health sciences ,Breast cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Trastuzumab ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Confidence interval ,Outcomes research ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,business ,Adjuvant ,medicine.drug - Abstract
We assumed that the effect of adjuvant trastuzumab on survival is mediated by the treatment time and we conducted this trial-level meta-regression to determine the appropriate length of treatment. Twelve adjuvant trastuzumab trials (from January 2000 to June 2019, consisting of 20,271 patients) were included. We considered 12-month trastuzumab treatment as the standard. The primary study endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS). By quantifying the relationship between shortened treatment time (month) and altered recurrence risk (expressed as hazard ratio), we found the regression coefficient β was 0.05 (95% confidence interval: 0.02–0.08, P = 0.002), indicating the recurrence risk would increase 5.1% for each month that treatment was shortened. Accordingly, 3, 6, and 9-month reductions in treatment time resulted in 16%, 35%, and 57% increases in recurrence risk, respectively. We revealed a significant linear association between shortened treatment time of trastuzumab and recurrence risk. The clinical duration of adjuvant trastuzumab should be tailored.
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- 2020
23. Gasdermin D inhibition confers antineutrophil-mediated cardioprotection in acute myocardial infarction
- Author
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Feng Chen, Zizhuo Tu, Kai Jiang, Sheng Xu, Jie Qian, Kun Chen, John Hwa, Tingting Shi, Yaozu Xiang, Dandan Wang, Lan Shen, and Yue Xu
- Subjects
Male ,Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins ,Cardiac function curve ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neutrophils ,Cardiology ,Myocardial Infarction ,Gene Knockout Techniques ,Mice ,Immunopathology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Leukocytosis ,Myocardial infarction ,Ventricular remodeling ,Heart Failure ,Mice, Knockout ,Cardioprotection ,Ventricular Remodeling ,business.industry ,Myocardium ,General Medicine ,Phosphate-Binding Proteins ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Heart failure ,Female ,Bone marrow ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induces blood leukocytosis, which correlates inversely with patient survival. The molecular mechanisms leading to leukocytosis in the infarcted heart, remain poorly understood. Using an AMI mouse model, we identified gasdermin D (GSDMD) in activated leukocytes early in AMI. We demonstrated that GSDMD is required for enhanced early mobilization of neutrophils to the infarcted heart. Loss of GSDMD resulted in attenuated IL-1β release from neutrophils and subsequent decreased neutrophils and monocytes in the infarcted heart. Knockout of GSDMD in mice significantly reduced infarct size, improved cardiac function, and increased survival post AMI. Through a series of bone marrow transplantation studies and leukocytes depletion experiments, we further clarified that excessive bone marrow derived and GSDMD-dependent early neutrophil production and mobilization (24 hours post AMI), contributed to the detrimental immunopathology after AMI. Pharmacological inhibition of GSDMD also conferred cardioprotection post AMI, through reduction of scar size and enhancement of heart function. Our study provides new mechanistic insights into molecular regulation of neutrophil generation and mobilization after AMI, and supports GSDMD as a new target for improved ventricular remodeling and reduced heart failure after AMI.
- Published
- 2022
24. Efficacy of Tai Chi on Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Mei Ha, Yu Shi, Suofei Zhang, Kun Chen, Yuhui Yang, Ya Lu, and Yu Luo
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Disease ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Quality of life ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Adverse effect ,Dialysis ,Rehabilitation ,Research and Theory ,business.industry ,Cardiorespiratory fitness ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Exercise Therapy ,Systematic review ,Chronic Disease ,Quality of Life ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Female ,Tai Ji ,business ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Previous systematic reviews elucidate the efficacy of Tai Chi on the rehabilitation and treatment for various chronic diseases. Yet, no consensus has been reached on its efficacy and safety from those with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to critically summarize what is already known about the prevailing benefits of Tai Chi for CKD patients. There was no evidence that Tai Chi had adverse effects on CKD patients. Long-term Tai Chi exercises could improve quality of life, cardiorespiratory fitness, and physical motor function for the end-stage renal disease (ERSD) patients undergoing dialysis. Regular Tai Chi exercises might exert modest influences in delaying CKD progression for mild–moderate CKD patients. However, there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate positive effects of Tai Chi exercises on bone health of the ESRD patients. Accordingly, rigorously designed, longer-term studies of Tai Chi are warranted to identify its efficacy on CKD patients across different stages, especially targeting potential mechanisms in terms of Tai Chi altering biological gene profile expressions.
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- 2021
25. A rare case of self‐healing giant condyloma acuminatum
- Author
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Ziwei Wang, Dan Huang, Xuyue Zhou, Chao Luan, Linxi Liu, Rong Li, Kun Chen, and Shuang Jin
- Subjects
Adult ,Sexually transmitted disease ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Dermatology ,Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor ,Malignant transformation ,Young Adult ,immune system diseases ,Rare case ,Humans ,Medicine ,cardiovascular diseases ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Cervical cancer ,Giant condyloma acuminatum ,Hpv types ,business.industry ,HPV infection ,General Medicine ,Anus Neoplasms ,medicine.disease ,Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ,Condylomata Acuminata ,External genitalia ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,cardiovascular system ,Female ,business - Abstract
Giant condyloma acuminatum (GCA) which is also called Buschke-Lowenstein tumor. It is a rare tumor of the anorectal area and external genitalia associated with low-risk HPV types 6 or 11. GCA has a high-rate of recurrence (66%) and malignant transformation (56%). The clinical features of GCA are progression of exophytic, ulcerative, and cauliflower-shaped tumors, it has significant dimensions and may undergo malignant transformation such as squamous cell carcinoma or cervical cancer. It is difficult to treat GCA, and it may be impossible for GCA to self-healing, but we herein report a rare case of a 19-year-old female with self-healing GCA.
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- 2021
26. Melatonin against acute ischaemic stroke dependently via suppressing both inflammatory and oxidative stress downstream signallings
- Author
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Kuan-Hung Chen, Kun-Chen Lin, John Y. Chiang, Jun Guo, Hon-Kan Yip, and Sheung-Fat Ko
- Subjects
Brain Infarction ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,CD14 ,melatonin ,Inflammation ,Brain damage ,medicine.disease_cause ,Models, Biological ,Melatonin ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,oxidative stress ,Alarmins ,Animals ,ASK1 ,Toll‐like receptors ,Ischemic Stroke ,ischaemic stroke ,Cell Death ,Tissue Extracts ,business.industry ,Toll-Like Receptors ,Brain ,Original Articles ,Cell Biology ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Mitochondria ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Stroke ,TLR2 ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,TLR4 ,Molecular Medicine ,Original Article ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Biomarkers ,Oxidative stress ,Signal Transduction ,medicine.drug - Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that melatonin (Mel) therapy preserved the brain architectural and functional integrity against ischaemic stroke (IS) dependently through suppressing the inflammatory/oxidative stress downstream signalling pathways. Adult male B6 (n = 6 per each B6 group) and TLR4 knockout (ie TLR4-/- ) (n = 6 per each TLR4-/- group) mice were categorized into sham control (SCB6 ), SCTLR4-/- , ISB6 , ISTLR4-/- , ISB6 + Mel (i.p. daily administration) and ISTLR4-/- + Mel (i.p. daily administration). By day 28 after IS, the protein expressions of inflammatory (HMBG1/TLR2/TLR4/MAL/MyD88/RAM TRIF/TRAF6/IKK-α/p-NF-κB/nuclear-NF-κB/nuclear-IRF-3&7/IL-1β/IL-6/TNF-α/IFN-γ) and oxidative stress (NOX-1/NOX-2/ASK1/p-MKK4&7/p-JNK/p-c-JUN) downstream pathways as well as mitochondrial-damaged markers (cytosolic cytochrome C/cyclophilin D/SRP1/autophagy) were highest in group ISB6 , lowest in groups SCB6 and SCTLR4-/- , lower in group ISTLR4-/- + Mel than in groups ISTLR4-/- and ISB6 + Mel and lower in group ISB6 + Mel than in group ISTLR4-/- (all P
- Published
- 2020
27. High Level of IL-10 in Cerebrospinal Fluid is Specific for Diagnosis of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
- Author
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Hui Kang, Yan Ma, Zhiguang Lin, Qing Li, Jie Shao, Jingjing Ma, Kun Chen, and Bobin Chen
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Brain biopsy ,Area under the curve ,Primary central nervous system lymphoma ,medicine.disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,Interleukin 10 ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Oncology ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine ,CXCL13 ,business ,Pathological ,Craniotomy - Abstract
Purpose The pathological diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) by stereotactic brain biopsy and craniotomy is not often applicable due to the high cost and associated complications. In recent years, some biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), including interleukin 10 (IL-10), microRNAs, CXC chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13), have been reported to be associated with PCNSL. However, this conclusion was controversial. Therefore, this study was to test whether Th17 cell-related cytokines could be used to distinguish PCNSL from other brain tumors. Patients and methods Th17 cell-related cytokines in CSF were measured in 108 patients with intracranial tumors, which included 66 PCNSL patients and 42 patients with other types of brain tumors. A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to analyze the diagnostic value of the cytokines based on the area under the curve (AUC). Results The CSF IL-10 level and IL-10/IL-6 ratios were significantly higher in PCNSL than in the other brain tumors (58.2 pg/mL VS 1.5 pg/mL, p=0.001; 24.3 VS 0.6, p=0.001). When the cutoff level of IL-10 was set at 8.3 pg/mL, its sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing PCNSL were 59.0% and 98%, respectively. The CSF IL-10 levels over 5pg/mL (+LR 12.3) were of significant value for the diagnosis of PCNSL. These parameters are highly valuable in PCNSL diagnosis, but their sensitivity is less valuable. The sensitivity of IL-4 and IL-17A, the ratio of mature lymphocytes and the monocytes/macrophages ratio in CSF were relatively high. In combination, the sensitivity increased by 15% and the specificity remained above 85%. The best combination was IL-10 and IL-17A, whose sensitivity was 70% and specificity was 96%. Conclusion The CSF level of IL-10 is a useful diagnostic biomarker in patients with PCNSL. The CSF levels of IL-4, IL-17A, mature lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages can be used to increase the diagnostic value of CSF IL-10 level and IL-10/IL-6 ratio.
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- 2020
28. Survival nomogram for patients with metastatic siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction: a population-based study
- Author
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Kun Chen, Deyao Xie, Dezhi Cheng, Dongdong Yu, Xiang Zhang, Zhihao Yang, Zhifeng He, Jiandong Zhang, and Xiaofang Deng
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Adolescent ,Esophageal Neoplasms ,genetic structures ,Seer database ,Bone Neoplasms ,Adenocarcinoma ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Esophagogastric junction ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Aged, 80 and over ,Hepatology ,Brain Neoplasms ,business.industry ,Liver Neoplasms ,Gastroenterology ,Cardia ,Middle Aged ,Nomogram ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Survival Rate ,Population based study ,Nomograms ,Lymphatic Metastasis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Esophagogastric Junction ,business ,SEER Program - Abstract
The aim of this study was to construct a nomogram to predict the survival of patients with metastatic Siewert Type II adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction (AEG).Patients were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the prognostic factors. A nomogram comprising independent prognostic factors was established and evaluated using C-indexes, calibration curves, and decision curve analyses.In total 1616 eligible patients were enrolled. Race, age, bone metastasis, liver metastasis, lung metastasis, other metastasis sites, and distant lymph nodes metastasis were independent prognostic factors and were integrated to construct the nomogram. The nomogram had a C-index of 0.590 (95% CI: 0.569-0.611) in the training cohort and 0.569 (95% CI: 0.532-0.606) in the validation cohort. The calibration plots for the probabilities of 6-month and 1-year overall survival demonstrated there was an optimum between nomogram prediction and actual observation.We developed and validated a nomogram to predict individual prognosis for patients with metastatic Siewert Type II AEG, and the risk stratification system based on the nomogram could effectively stratify the patients into two risk subgroups, which can help clinicians accurately predict mortality risk and recommend personalized treatment modalities.
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- 2020
29. Combination of ultrasound-guided lumbosacral plexus block with anterior quadratus lumborum block in supine position for hip surgery: a case report
- Author
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Kun Chen, Li Wan, and Shuguang Yang
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,Hip surgery ,Pain, Postoperative ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Supine position ,business.industry ,Lumbosacral Plexus ,Ultrasound ,Nerve Block ,Sacral plexus ,Surgery ,Lumbosacral plexus ,Position (obstetrics) ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Lumbar ,Anesthesia ,Supine Position ,Lateral Decubitus Position ,Humans ,Medicine ,business ,Ultrasonography, Interventional ,Aged ,Ultrasonography - Abstract
It was widely recognized that the procedure of ultrasound-guided lumbar and sacral plexus block is required to be performed in a lateral decubitus position that patients' hips and knees were bended. It is difficult, however, for patients with hip fractures to change position because of severe pain and confined movements. We here reported a new modified combination of ultrasound-guided lumbosacral plexus block with anterior quadratus lumborum block in supine position that had been successfully applied in one elderly patient who underwent hip surgery.
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- 2020
30. Microcystin-LR impairs glucose metabolism in pancreatic β cells in vivo and in vitro
- Author
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Kun Chen, Chao Liu, Yuan Zhou, Yijiao Xu, Wanwei Yang, Guofang Chen, Xiaodong Mao, Yu Chen, Xingjia Li, and Xiao Wei
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Microcystins ,Cell Survival ,Apoptosis ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,Cyanobacteria ,Toxicology ,Impaired glucose tolerance ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,In vivo ,Insulin-Secreting Cells ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Viability assay ,Cytotoxicity ,Pancreas ,Chemistry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,In vitro ,Glucose ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), which is released from several bloom-forming cyanobacteria, on the glucose metabolism of pancreatic β cells in vivo and in vitro. Male mice and the pancreatic MIN6 cells were respectively treated with varying concentrations of MC-LR. After 3- or 6- months of MC-LR exposure, increase in the body weight of mice was found to be inhibited, and the structure of their pancreatic tissues was damaged with impaired glucose tolerance and impaired insulin secretion. Further, these toxic effects became more pronounced with time and with increased dosages. Direct cytotoxic effects of MC-LR were observed in the MIN6 pancreatic β-cells possibly due to their expression of the MC-LR specific transporter. MC-LR entered the MIN6 cells that significantly reduced the cell viability. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that MC-LR was able to induce apoptosis, possibly associated with mitochondrial damage. Above all, these findings implied that MC-LR may be transported into the pancreatic β cells and cause subsequent cytotoxicity.
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- 2020
31. Aerobic exercise impacts the anterior cingulate cortex in adolescents with subthreshold mood syndromes: a randomized controlled trial study
- Author
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Jie Liu, Runhua Wang, Kun Chen, Wenjing Zheng, Bess Yin-Hung Lam, Mabel Ngai Kiu Wong, Brendon Stubbs, Guiyun Xu, Wenjin Zou, Yanling Gao, Yanxiong Huang, Weicong Lu, Kangguang Lin, Lijie Guan, and Shengli Wang
- Subjects
Male ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Predictive markers ,Age and sex ,Gyrus Cinguli ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Article ,law.invention ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,medicine ,Psychoeducation ,Humans ,Aerobic exercise ,Gray Matter ,Exercise ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Biological Psychiatry ,Anterior cingulate cortex ,business.industry ,Subthreshold conduction ,Syndrome ,030227 psychiatry ,Clinical trial ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Mood ,nervous system ,Physical therapy ,Female ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Aerobic exercise is effective in alleviating mood symptoms while the mechanism is poorly understood. There are limited clinical trials that investigated the effect of exercise on the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a key brain region involved in mood regulations, in adolescents with subthreshold mood syndromes. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) of aerobic exercise was undertaken in a middle school in Guangzhou, China. Participants were adolescents aged 12–14 with subthreshold mood syndromes including depressive and manic symptoms and were randomly assigned to an aerobic exercise intervention or a psychoeducation control group. Participants in the exercise group received moderate-intensity exercise intervention, consisting of 30 mins running, 4 days per week for 3 months. The primary outcome in this study was structural changes in the ACC from baseline to post intervention. The trial was registered with ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT03300778). Of 56 participants who met the criteria for subthreshold mood syndromes, 39 (41.03% males) had complete MRI data, with 20 and 19 subjects in the exercise and control group, respectively. At baseline, demographic information (e.g., age and sex), clinical symptoms, and the gray matter volume and cortical thickness of ACC were matched between the two groups. After 12 weeks of treatment, participants in the exercise group displayed increased gray matter volume of the left rostral ACC (F1,30 = 5.73, p = 0.02) and increased cortical thickness of the right rostral ACC (F1,30 = 7.83, p = 0.01) when compared with the control group. No significant differences were found for caudal ACC cortical thickness and gray matter volume. Our data demonstrate that 12-week, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise can induce structural changes in the rostral ACC in adolescents with subthreshold mood syndromes.
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- 2020
32. Effect of body anthropometrics on brain structure of offspring of parents with bipolar disorder
- Author
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Qingzhe Miao, Yan Chen, Guiyun Xu, Mehala Subramaniapillai, Elisa Brietzke, Kun Chen, Roger S. McIntyre, Wenjing Zheng, Orly Lipsitz, Weicong Lu, Yanan Bi, Yanling Gao, Rodrigo B. Mansur, and Kangguang Lin
- Subjects
Parents ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,Offspring ,Asymptomatic ,Energy homeostasis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Child of Impaired Parents ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Bipolar disorder ,Biological Psychiatry ,2. Zero hunger ,Adiponectin ,business.industry ,Brain ,Anthropometry ,medicine.disease ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Endocrinology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Body mass index ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Hormone - Abstract
Background Offspring of individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) are at greater risk for developing BD. Adiponectin (ADP), a hormone produced by adipocytes, plays a central role in energy homeostasis, insulin sensitivity and inflammatory response. ADP is negatively correlated with Body Mass Index (BMI) and is abnormal in patients with BD. Understanding the role of ADP among these offspring may help identify those likely to develop BD. The primary objective of this paper was to compare ADP levels among offspring of individuals with BD (symptomatic [SO], and asymptomatic [AO]) to offspring of healthy parents (HC). The role of ADP on cognition and ROI-based gray matter values in SO and AO offspring was secondarily assessed and compared to HC. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in China by the Guangzhou Brain Hospital in offspring of individuals with and without BD. Participants underwent neuropsychiatric and cognitive assessments, MRI scans and blood analyses. BMI z-scores (zBMI) were calculated adjusting for age and gender. Results Analyses included 117 participants (HC = 48, AO = 36, SO = 33). No significant differences were observed in plasma levels of ADP optical density (OD) among HC, AO and SO participants. No significant interaction effects on cognition were observed between symptomatic status and ADP OD, symptomatic status and BMI z-score, nor symptomatic status, zBMI and ADP OD. Multivariate tests revealed a significant interaction between offspring symptomatic status, ADP OD, and zBMI on gray matter volume in the right cerebellum (p = 0.05). Conclusion These findings suggest that an interaction exists between BMI and CNS structure.
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- 2020
33. Sites of distant metastases and the cancer-specific survival of metastatic Siewert type II esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma: a population-based study
- Author
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Zhifeng He, Dezhi Cheng, Wenfeng Li, Deyao Xie, Dongdong Yu, Xiaofang Deng, Zhihao Yang, Xiang Zhang, and Kun Chen
- Subjects
Male ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Seer database ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Adenocarcinoma ,Cancer specific survival ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,Esophagogastric junction ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Retrospective Studies ,Hepatology ,business.industry ,Gastroenterology ,Distant metastasis ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Population based study ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Esophagogastric Junction ,business ,SEER Program - Abstract
The effect of distant metastasis on prognosis in patients with Siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) remains elusive. Patients diagnosed as metastatic Siewert type II AEG were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and a Cox proportional hazards analysis were performed to assess the effect of distant metastases sites. We analyzed 1616 eligible patients. Liver was the most frequent metastatic site. For patients with isolated distant metastasis, the median survival time was 8, 7, 8, 10, and 11 months for patients with liver, bone, brain, lung, and distant lymph nodal metastasis, respectively (p = 0.011). The number of metastatic sites and the site of distant metastasis were independent prognostic factors for cancer-specific survival (CSS). In patients with isolated distant metastasis, using bone metastasis as reference, lung (p = 0.011) or distant lymph node metastasis (p = 0.030) was associated with better CSS, while patients with liver (p = 0.051) or brain (p = 0.488) metastasis had similar CSS compared to patients with bone metastasis. CSS in metastatic Siewert type II AEG is dependent on the metastatic site and the number of metastatic sites.
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- 2020
34. Typical neurobehavioral methods and transcriptome analysis reveal the neurotoxicity and mechanisms of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on pubertal male ICR mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Author
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Yangyang Ding, Ting Zhao, Guanghua Mao, Xiangyang Wu, Tong Xu, Yongchao Liu, Weiwei Feng, XiaoFeng Zhao, Xuchun Qiu, Liuqing Yang, and Kun Chen
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Phthalic Acids ,Morris water navigation task ,Endocrine Disruptors ,010501 environmental sciences ,Toxicology ,CREB ,Nervous System ,01 natural sciences ,Open field ,Transcriptome ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Diethylhexyl Phthalate ,Internal medicine ,Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ,medicine ,Animals ,Receptor ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Mice, Inbred ICR ,biology ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Phthalate ,Neurotoxicity ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Neurotoxicity Syndromes - Abstract
In the present study, the neurotoxicity and mechanisms of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) exposure on pubertal normal (P-normal) and pubertal type 2 diabetes mellitus (P-T2DM) mice were investigated by typical neurobehavioral methods and transcriptome analysis. Pubertal male ICR mice were orally exposed to DEHP (0.18, 1.8, 18 and 180 mg/kg/d) for 3 weeks. In Open field test, DEHP significantly increased the time in central area staying and decreased the total distance and clockwise (CW) rotation of P-normal and P-T2DM mice. Morris water maze showed that DEHP significantly increased the latency in locating platform and decreased the original platform quadrant and residence time in target quadrant of P-normal and P-T2DM mice. Transcriptome analysis results revealed the effects of DEHP exposure on neural signaling pathway including biogenic amines neurotransmitters, nerve receptors, neurobiological processes, etc. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting results showed that DEHP significantly decreased the contents of 5-HT, cAMP, GABA and Ca2+, the levels of CREB, phosphorylation of PKA, ERK1/2 and CREB, increased the levels of CaM and phosphorylation of CaMKII in P-normal and P-T2DM mice. Factorial analysis results showed that P-T2DM mice were more sensitive than those of P-normal mice. The potential neurotoxicity mechanism of DEHP may be synergistically mediated by the cAMP-PKA-ERK1/2-CREB signaling and the Ca2+ signaling pathway.
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- 2020
35. Effectiveness of digital PCR for MYD88L265P detection in vitreous fluid for primary central nervous system lymphoma diagnosis
- Author
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Ming Guan, Bobin Chen, Xinju Zhang, Yanchun Ma, Tianling Ding, and Kun Chen
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,ddPCR ,cerebrospinal fluid ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous) ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,medicine ,Digital polymerase chain reaction ,central nervous system lymphoma ,business.industry ,vitreous aspirates ,Not Otherwise Specified ,Primary central nervous system lymphoma ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,Articles ,medicine.disease ,Lymphoma ,030104 developmental biology ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,MYD88L265P mutation ,Mutation (genetic algorithm) ,business - Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare type of primary extranodal lymphoma (PEL). MYD88L265P mutation has been observed in up to 75% of PCNSL cases, however, the validity and sensitivity of digital PCR in detecting this mutation remains to be elucidated. A total of 44 PCNSL patients, 15 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (DLBCL-NOS) patients and 13 other PEL patients were enrolled in the present study. The abilities of reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to detect the MYD88L265P mutation in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) samples were compared. The results suggested that ddPCR showed superior mutation detection sensitivity when compared with RT-qPCR (58 vs. 15%; P
- Published
- 2020
36. Statistical Analysis on Heart Rate Variability for Graded Cardiopulmonary Groups with Different Exercise Intensities
- Author
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Shyan-Lung Lin, Ching-Kun Chen, Chieh-Liang Wu, Tasi-Chu Wang, Cheng-Yi Huang, and Ting-Yen Yao
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,0206 medical engineering ,Physical fitness ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,General Medicine ,020601 biomedical engineering ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Heart rate ,Cardiology ,Exercise intensity ,Moderate exercise ,Medicine ,Heart rate variability ,Statistical analysis ,Ecg signal ,business - Abstract
Physical fitness indicates favorable statuses of well-being and health and, more specifically, the ability to perform sports and daily activities. In the paper, we studied heart rate variability with electrocardiogram (ECG) signals under levels of exercise intensities for subjects with different grades of cardiopulmonary fitness. Based on the targeted maximum heart rate, three graded upright biking exercise levels were defined for the experiment: light, moderate, and vigorous. ECG signals were accessed under the rest, at three exercise intensity levels, and in their retrieval periods subsequently. The subjects were in the top 20%, middle, and bottom 20% groups of cardiopulmonary fitness norms from university freshman. Firstly, the major of heart rate variability (HRV) indices performed by spectral and time-domain analyses from collected ECG signals were explored. Statistical analysis was then conducted to identify physiological signal indices with significant differences. All appeared significant differences between the three groups in the frequency domain HRV indices, including high-frequency power (HF), total power (TP), normalized high-frequency power (nHF), normalized low-frequency power (nLF), and LF/HF. The time domain HRV parameters, meanwhile, did not exhibit significant differences among the three groups throughout the graded exercises and in the recover periods. A multiple comparison test on the TP indicated significant differences in most between-group comparisons (except for between groups middle and bottom during moderate exercise, top and middle during recovery from moderate exercise, and middle and bottom during recovery from vigorous exercise). Significant differences were found in most between-group comparisons (except for between groups middle and bottom at rest and during recovery from light and medium exercise and between top and middle during recovery from vigorous exercise).
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- 2020
37. Precision Medicine of Sodium Benzoate for the Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD)
- Author
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Shi Heng Wang, Ping Kun Chen, Hsien-Yuan Lane, Hui Ting Yang, and Chieh Hsin Lin
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cognition ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Precision medicine ,Placebo ,030227 psychiatry ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,chemistry ,Rating scale ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Sodium benzoate ,Dementia ,business ,Antipsychotic ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are associated with poorer prognosis of dementia. A 24-week study demonstrated that sodium benzoate, a D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) inhibitor, surpassed placebo in improving cognitive function in early-phase Alzheimer's disease; however, benzoate did not excel placebo in another 6-week study on BPSD. The current study examined whether the precision medicine approach was able to identify specific individuals with BPSD who could benefit from benzoate treatment. Methods In the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-week trial, 97 patients with BPSD were allocated to receive 250-1500 mg/day of sodium benzoate or placebo. Cognitive function was measured by the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) and behavioral and psychological symptoms were mainly measured by Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD). DAAO level, amino acids (L-serine, D-serine, L-alanine, and D-alanine, glycine), and two antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase) were assayed in peripheral blood. Results After benzoate treatment, DAAO inhibition was correlated with ADAS-cog decrease (p = 0.034), while baseline DAAO level was correlated with baseline BEHAVE-AD score. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that cognitive improvement after benzoate treatment was correlated with DAAO decrease, female gender, younger age, BMI, baseline BPSD severity, and antipsychotic use. Conclusion The finding suggests that sodium benzoate may have potential to benefit cognitive function in a fraction of BPSD patients after 6 weeks of treatment. Of note, the precision medicine approach may be helpful for identifying individuals who could respond to benzoate. More studies are warranted to confirm the preliminary findings. Trial registration The trial was registered online (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02103673).
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- 2020
38. Clinical features and prognosis of primary tracheal small cell carcinoma: a population-based analysis
- Author
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Deyao Xie, Zhifeng He, Zhihao Yang, Wenfeng Li, Xinbo Zhang, Xiang Zhang, Tianhao Zhao, Dezhi Cheng, Shanshan Yu, and Kun Chen
- Subjects
Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,Malignancy ,Small-cell carcinoma ,Internal medicine ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,education ,Primary tracheal carcinoma ,neoplasms ,Lymph node ,education.field_of_study ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,SEER database ,stomatognathic diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Tracheal tumor ,Original Article ,prognosis ,small cell carcinoma (SCC) ,business - Abstract
Background Primary tracheal small cell carcinoma (SCC) is an uncommon malignancy; therefore, its clinical features and prognosis are still unclear. Methods We used the population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to elucidate the clinical features and prognosis of primary tracheal SCC. The clinical features were assessed by using the chi-square test. Overall survival (OS) was computed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and a Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic factors. Results From 1973 to 2015, 1,392 primary tracheal tumor cases were reported in the SEER database, 75 (5.4%) of which were SCC. Age, sex, race, extent of disease, lymph node involvement, surgery and radiation treatment were similar between patients with SCC and those with squamous cell carcinoma (SQC), but patients with SCC were more likely to receive chemotherapy (65.8% vs. 28.2%, respectively; P
- Published
- 2020
39. Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting survival in patients with non-metastatic primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder
- Author
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Dong-Dong Yu, Wei-Kang Chen, Jian Cai, Hui Dong, Yun-Bei Xiao, Cheng-Di Li, Zhi-Gang Wu, and Kun Chen
- Subjects
Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) ,Cancer-specific survival (CSS) ,Nomogram ,non-metastatic primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder (NMACB) ,Primary adenocarcinoma ,nomogram ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Non metastatic ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,In patient ,Original Article ,business - Abstract
Background To develop a nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with non-metastatic primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder (NMACB). Methods We used a retrospective cohort study design. Patient data were obtained from the SEER database, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with CSS. A nomogram visualization model was established using R language software to predict survival rate. Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) in addition to calibration plots were used to assess the performance of the model. Results A total of 1,635 patients were included in the study. A multivariate Cox regression model indicated that age, histological type, grade, stage, and surgery were independent covariates associated with CSS. Using these prognostic factors, a nomogram was constructed. Harrell’s C indices for CSS were 0.729 in the training cohort and 0.716 in the validation cohort. AUC values were 0.769, 0.735 and 0.724 for 1, 3, and 5-year in the training cohort, and 0.738, 0.727 and 0.713 for 1, 3 and 5-year in the validation cohort, respectively. The AUC values and calibration plots indicated that the nomogram provided good predictive performance. Conclusions A nomogram for predicting CSS in patients with NMACB was developed to assist clinicians in the accurate prediction of mortality risk to allow them to recommend a personalized treatment modality.
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- 2020
40. Evaluating the predictive value of genetic risk score in colorectal cancer among Chinese Han population
- Author
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Simeng Gu, Danjie Jiang, Sangni Qian, Kun Chen, Kunhong Zhong, Qilong Li, Yingying Mao, Mingjuan Jin, Ding Ye, Jinhua Yang, and Shujuan Lin
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Colorectal cancer ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,030105 genetics & heredity ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Risk Assessment ,03 medical and health sciences ,Chinese han population ,Environmental risk ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Genetic risk ,Genetics (clinical) ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,fungi ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Predictive value ,digestive system diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,ROC Curve ,Quartile ,Female ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,business ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
Increasing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to investigate whether genetic risk scores (GRS) that aggregate information from multiple genetic variants can predict the risk of CRC in a Chinese population. Fifty candidate SNPs were selected to explore the associations with CRC in a discovery sample with 1002 CRC cases and 999 healthy controls. We modeled the significant SNPs identified by the case-control study as a multilocus weighted GRS and estimated the association of GRS with CRC. Furthermore, 300 pairs of cases and controls were included as a validation sample to confirm the finding. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the predictive power of GRS in CRC. A total of seven SNPs were found to increase the risk of CRC, and two SNPs were found to be negatively associated with CRC in the discovery sample. Relative to participants with the lowest quartile of GRS, those with the highest quartile had a 2.64-fold (95% CI: 1.99-3.51) higher risk for CRC. For every 0.1 point of GRS increase, the risk of CRC increase by 11% (95% CI: 8-14%). AUROC for GRS alone were 0.59 (95% CI: 0.57-0.62) and 0.52 (95% CI: 0.46-0.58) in the discovery and validation sample, respectively. AUROC increased to 0.62 (95% CI: 0.59-0.64) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.65-0.76) by combining environmental risk factors. Our findings support an association between GRS and risk of CRC, which provides evidence of improved prediction model for CRC in China.
- Published
- 2019
41. Genetic Variants of Homocysteine Metabolism, Homocysteine, and Frailty - Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study
- Author
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J.-F. Zhang, Xiaoyan Jiang, Xiaofeng Wang, Shun Yao, Teng Ma, Wen-Dong Xu, Ze-Kun Chen, and Xun-Ming Sun
- Subjects
Male ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Homocysteine ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Longevity ,Population ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Genotype ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Aged ,media_common ,Aged, 80 and over ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Frailty ,biology ,business.industry ,Confounding ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Ageing ,Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ,biology.protein ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business - Abstract
Recently, elevated homocysteine was reported to be associated with frailty in cross-sectional studies. However, whether homocysteine is causally associated with frailty is unknown. Here, we explore the inter-relationships between five non-synonymous genetic variants of homocysteine metabolic four genes, plasma homocysteine levels, and frailty. Data of 1480 individuals aged 70–87 years from the ageing arm of Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study were used. Five variants of the four homocysteine metabolic enzyme genes were genotyped. Frailty was defined using Fried’s phenotype criteria. The percentage of high homocysteine (>15μmol/L) is 33.3%. Two functional variants that decrease methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) activities, C677T (Ala222Val, rs1801133) and A1298C (Glu429Ala, rs1801131), were significantly associated with increased homocysteine levels (β=−1.16, p=0.01; and β=1.46, p
- Published
- 2019
42. Computer-Based 3D Simulations to Formulate Preoperative Planning of Bridge Crane Technique for Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum
- Author
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Kun Chen, Chen Yan, Huai-Cheng Jia, Jia-Xi Xu, Jingchuan Sun, Tao Xu, and Jiangang Shi
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Decompression ,Neurological function ,Neurosurgery ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,Thoracic Vertebrae ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,Clinical Research ,Preoperative Care ,medicine ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,Postoperative Care ,Preoperative planning ,Ossification ,business.industry ,Ossification, Heterotopic ,Computer based ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Decompression, Surgical ,Spine ,Surgery ,Bridge (graph theory) ,Ligamentum Flavum ,Treatment Outcome ,Radiological weapon ,Computer-Aided Design ,Female ,Spondylosis ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND The bridge crane technique is a novel surgical technique for the treatment of thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF), but its preoperative planning has not been studied well, which limits the safety and efficacy of surgery to some extent. The purpose of this study was to investigate the method of application and effect of computer-aided preoperative planning (CAPP) on the bridge crane technique for TOLF. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective multi-center included 40 patients with TOLF who underwent the bridge crane technique from 2016 to 2018. According to the utilization of CAPP, patients were divided into Group A (with CAPP, n=21) and Group B (without CAPP, n=19). Comparisons of clinical and radiological outcomes were carried out between the 2 groups. RESULTS The patients in Group A had higher post-mJOA scores and IR of neurological function than those in Group B (p0.05). Group A had shorter surgery time, fewer fluoroscopic images, and lower incidence of complications than Group B. In Group A, there was a high consistency of all the anatomical parameters between preoperative simulation and postoperative CT (p0.05). In Group B, there were significant differences in 3 anatomical parameters between postoperative simulation and postoperative CT (p0.05). In Group B, the patients with no complications had higher post-SVOR and lower SVRR and height of posterior suspension of LOC in postoperative CT than those in postoperative simulation (p0.05). CONCLUSIONS CAPP can enable surgeons to control the decompression effect accurately and reduce the risk of related complications, which improves the safety and efficacy of surgery.
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- 2019
43. New grading criterion for retinal haemorrhages in term newborns based on deep convolutional neural networks
- Author
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Jianbo Mao, Mingzhai Sun, Yuhao Luo, Kun Chen, Yirun Shao, Ling'an Chen, Caiyun Zhang, Jimeng Lao, and Lijun Shen
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,Term Birth ,Optic Disk ,Convolutional neural network ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,Retinal hemorrhages ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Deep Learning ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ophthalmology ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Humans ,Segmentation ,Grading (tumors) ,Retina ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Retinal Hemorrhage ,Retinal Vessels ,Retinal ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Neural Networks, Computer ,business ,Retinal haemorrhage ,Optic disc - Abstract
BACKGROUND To define a new quantitative grading criterion for retinal haemorrhages in term newborns based on the segmentation results of a deep convolutional neural network. METHODS We constructed a dataset of 1543 retina images acquired from 847 term newborns, and developed a deep convolutional neural network to segment retinal haemorrhages, blood vessels and optic discs and locate the macular region. Based on the ratio of areas of retinal haemorrhage to optic disc, and the location of retinal haemorrhages relative to the macular region, we defined a new criterion to grade the degree of retinal haemorrhages in term newborns. RESULTS The F1 scores of the proposed network for segmenting retinal haemorrhages, blood vessels and optic discs were 0.84, 0.73 and 0.94, respectively. Compared with two commonly used retinal haemorrhage grading criteria, this new method is more accurate, objective and quantitative, with the relative location of the retinal haemorrhages to the macula as an important factor. CONCLUSIONS Based on a deep convolutional neural network, we can segment retinal haemorrhages, blood vessels and optic disc with high accuracy. The proposed grading criterion considers not only the area of the haemorrhages but also the locations relative to the macular region. It provides a more objective and comprehensive evaluation criterion. The developed deep convolutional neural network offers an end-to-end solution that can assist doctors to grade retinal haemorrhages in term newborns.
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- 2019
44. Preactivated and disaggregated shape‐changed platelets protect kidney against from ischemia‐reperfusion injury in rat through attenuating inflammation reaction
- Author
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Pei-Lin Shao, Pei-Hsun Sung, Hon-Kan Yip, Yen-Ta Chen, Kun-Chen Lin, John Y. Chiang, Kuan-Hung Chen, Chih-Chao Yang, and Yi-Chen Li
- Subjects
Blood Platelets ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Inflammation ,02 engineering and technology ,Kidney ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Biomaterials ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Platelet ,Cell Shape ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Creatinine ,biology ,Platelet Activation ,medicine.disease ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Rats ,Disease Models, Animal ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Reperfusion Injury ,Podocin ,biology.protein ,Kidney Diseases ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Synaptopodin ,medicine.symptom ,Reperfusion injury - Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that preactivated and disaggregated shape-changed platelet (PreD-SCP) therapy significantly protected rat kidney from ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Adult-male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 24) were equally categorized into Groups 1 (sham-operated control [SC]), 2 (SC + PreD-SCP), 3 (IR only), and 4 (IR + PreD-SCP). By 72 hr after IR procedure, the circulatory levels of creatinine, blood urine nitrogen and inflammatory biomarkers (interleukin [IL]-6/tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α), and ratio of urine protein to urine creatinine were significantly higher in Group 3 than in other groups and significantly higher in Group 4 than in Groups 1 and 2, but they showed no different between Groups 1 and 2 (all p < .001). The microscopic findings showed that the expressions of kidney injury score, cellular inflammation (MMP-9/CD14//F4/80), and fibrotic area were identical to the circulatory inflammation, whereas the integrity of podocyte components (ZO-1/synaptopodin/podocin) exhibited an opposite to circulatory inflammation among the four groups (all p < .0001). The protein expressions of inflammatory (TNF-α/IL-1s/NF-κB/iNOS/TRAF6/MyD88/TLR-4), apoptotic/cell death (mitochondrial Bax/cleaved caspase-3/p-53), oxidized protein, mitogen-activated protein kinase family (p-38/p-JNK/p-c-JUN), and mitochondrial-damaged biomarkers displayed a similar pattern, whereas the antiapoptotic (Bcl-2/Bcl-XL) and integrity of mitochondrial biomarkers followed an opposite trend to circulatory inflammation among the four groups (all p < .001). PreD-SCP therapy effectively protected the kidney against IR injury.
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- 2019
45. Association between CPR-related genetic variants and risk of ischemic stroke: a nested case-control study
- Author
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Shu-Chang Hu, Pei-Wen Zheng, Mengling Tang, Yao Zhu, Jianbing Wang, Mingjuan Jin, and Kun Chen
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Apolipoprotein E ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Brain Ischemia ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Genetic model ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Genetic association ,biology ,business.industry ,Vascular disease ,C-reactive protein ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Stroke ,C-Reactive Protein ,030104 developmental biology ,Neurology ,Case-Control Studies ,Nested case-control study ,biology.protein ,Etiology ,Female ,Gene-Environment Interaction ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background: Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) has been reported to be associated with risk of ischemic vascular disease including ischemic stroke. Genome-wide association studies have revealed several gene variants related to CRP concentration. Methods: We investigated genetic variants in CRP-related genes associated with ischemic stroke in a nested case-control study with 138 ischemic stroke cases and 276 controls. We sequenced the whole coding region of six CPR-related genes and selected eligible SNPs. Three genetic models (additive, dominant and recessive) were calculated by a multivariable conditional logistic regression to estimate the association between SNPs and risk of ischemic stroke. We also calculated gene-environment interactions by using a crossover analysis. Results: Three out of 10 eligible SNPs were shown to be associated with risk of ischemic stroke. rs1800947 in CRP gene (additive model: OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.00-4.23) and rs1169288 in HNF1A gene (additive model: OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.03-2.06) were associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. rs440446 in APOE gene (additive model: OR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.44-0.88) was associated with a decreased risk of ischemic stroke. Genetic risk scores models including SC-GRS and OR-GRS both showed a significant association with risk of ischemic stroke. These three SNPs interacted with smoking and red meat intake. Conclusions: Our study showed genetic variants of CRP-related genes were associated with risk of ischemic stroke. Our findings could provide useful data for the etiology of ischemic stroke.
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- 2019
46. Neurological complications after cardiac surgery
- Author
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Wei Mei, Kun Chen, and Yong Liu
- Subjects
Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Disease ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,neurological complications ,Hemoglobins ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,030202 anesthesiology ,Monitoring, Intraoperative ,Atrial Fibrillation ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Medicine ,Anesthesia ,Cardiac Surgical Procedures ,Cognitive decline ,Stroke ,cerebral tissue oxygen saturation ,Anesthetics ,Past medical history ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,business.industry ,Brain ,blood pressure ,Blood Pressure Determination ,Atrial fibrillation ,Perioperative ,hemoglobin ,medicine.disease ,NEUROANESTHESIA: Edited by Lingzhong Meng ,Cardiac surgery ,Oxygen ,Treatment Outcome ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Hypertension ,Hypotension ,Nervous System Diseases ,business ,cardiac surgery - Abstract
The significant improvements in both surgical techniques and anesthetic management for cardiac surgery have given millions of individuals who suffer from a life-threatening cardiovascular disease a new chance at life [1]. Although the overall perioperative mortality and morbidity has significantly reduced, neurological complications remain a major concern to this patient population [2,3]. Neurological complications secondary to cardiac surgery encompass a variety of disorders, including stroke, postoperative delirium (POD), and postoperative cognitive decline (POCD) [2,4]. The incidence of overt stroke (clinically symptomatic) ranges from 1.2 to 6%; whereas the covert stroke (clinically silent) detected by diffusion-weighed MRI occurs in as many as 50% of patients [5▪▪,6▪▪]. The reported incidence of POD ranges from 14 to 50% in cardiac surgical patients [2]; whereas POCD occurs in 25 to 50% of patients after cardiac surgery [2,5▪▪,7]. These neurological complications are associated with increased mortality, decreased quality of life and increased economic burden [4,8]. The cause of neurological complications is complex, elusive and likely multifactorial. Risk factors that are associated with various neurological complications include, but not limited to, age, history of previous stroke, preexisting cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, systemic inflammation, and surgical manipulation [6▪▪,9]. It should be noted that most of the risk factors, such as age and past medical history are not modifiable; whereas some factors, such as hypertension and atrial fibrillation, can be treated, optimized, and regarded as modifiable. The perioperative task is to intervene on those modifiable risk factors to further reduce neurological complications after cardiac surgery. In this review, we discuss those aspects in perioperative care that are modifiable and relevant to neurological complications after cardiac surgery based on the outcome evidence. Open in a separate window Box 1 no caption available
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- 2019
47. Preexisting Cerebral Abnormalities and Functional Outcomes After Acute Ischemic Stroke
- Author
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Yang-Kun Chen, Jian-Feng Qu, Huo-Hua Zhong, Zhi-Hao Lu, and Wei Li
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Infarction ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Brain Ischemia ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Brain mri ,Humans ,In patient ,cardiovascular diseases ,Cerebrum ,Acute ischemic stroke ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Stroke ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cardiology ,Female ,Functional status ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between preexisting cerebral abnormalities in patients with acute ischemic stroke upon their functional outcomes. Methods: We recruited 272 patients with first-ever acute ischemic stroke. Cerebral abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging included infarction, silent brain infarcts (SBI), enlarged perivascular spaces, white matter lesions (WMLs), global brain atrophy, and medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTLA). Functional outcomes were assessed using the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale and basic activities of daily living (BADL) scale, at 3 and 6 months after the index stroke. Results: Two hundred and fifty patients completed the 3-month follow-up and 246 patients completed the 6-month follow-up. Univariate analyses showed that patients with poor IADL and BADL were older, more likely to be men, had higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on admission, more frequent atrial fibrillation, and large artery atherosclerosis subtypes. They also had more frequent cortical infarcts, subcortical infarcts, infratentorial infarcts, larger infarct volume, more frequent presence of SBI, severe WMLs, and MTLA. In multiple regression analyses, NIHSS on admission, subcortical region infarct and MTLA were significant predictors of poor IADL at 3 months. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale on admission, SBI and MTLA were significant predictors of poor IADL at 6 months. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale on admission and MTLA were significant predictors of poor BADL at 3 months. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale on admission and SBI were significant predictors of poor BADL at 6 months. Conclusions: In patients with acute ischemic stroke, the presence of SBI, and severe MTLA represent significant predictors of poorer functional outcomes, thus highlighting the importance of preexisting cerebral abnormalities.
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- 2019
48. Prognostic usefulness of planar 123I-MIBG scintigraphic images of myocardial sympathetic innervation in congestive heart failure: Follow-Up data from ADMIRE-HF
- Author
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Mahesh Shah, Lars Friberg, Denis Agostini, Wayne C. Levy, Andrew Hudnut, Karthikeyan Ananthasubramaniam, Harish Chandna, Mark I. Travin, Jürgen vom Dahl, Roxy Senior, Kun Chen, Michael J. Koren, and Michael I. Miyamoto
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Ejection fraction ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,Mediastinum ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Cardiac mortality ,Lower risk ,medicine.disease ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Sudden cardiac death ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Internal medicine ,Heart failure ,cardiovascular system ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Sympathetic innervation ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
To evaluate whether planar 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy predicts risk of death in heart failure (HF) patients up to 5 years after imaging. Subjects from ADMIRE-HF were followed for approximately 5 years after imaging (964 subjects, median follow-up 62.7 months). Subjects were stratified according to the heart/mediastinum (H/M) ratio (
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- 2019
49. Clinical characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging findings in nine patients with nonalcoholic Wernicke’s encephalopathy: a retrospective study
- Author
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Man-Qiu Liang, Ya-Zhi Wang, Wei-Min Xiao, Yong-Lin Liu, Jian-Feng Qu, Yang-Kun Chen, and Zhi-Qiang Wu
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,fasting ,Mammillary body ,Encephalopathy ,Neurological disorder ,Wernicke's encephalopathy ,White matter ,thiamine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neuroimaging ,medicine ,magnetic resonance imaging ,Original Research ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,alcoholism ,business.industry ,Wernicke’s encephalopathy ,altered mental status ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,030227 psychiatry ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Radiology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Purpose Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) is a severe neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency. The most common cause of WE is alcoholism. However, there is a significant paucity of information in the existing literature relating to nonalcoholic WE. In this study, we investigated the clinical characteristics and neuroimaging findings of nine patients with nonalcoholic WE. Patients and methods We retrospectively collated clinical data from nine patients who had been diagnosed with WE in accordance with established criteria including age, gender, risk factors and clinical manifestations. We also collated initial hematological and neuroimaging findings. Results The mean age of the nine patients was 54.0±17.1 years; four of these patients (44.4%) were male. All nine patients had a history of fasting (range, 5–47 days) prior to WE. Four of the nine patients (44.4%) exhibited the classical triad, and eight (88.9%) showed alterations in mental status. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans showed that all nine patients had symmetric lesions of the medial thalamus. MRI also revealed other WE-related lesions in mammillary bodies (22.2%), the periaqueductal region (55.6%), the tectal plate of the midbrain (77.8%), cranial nerve nuclei (77.8%) and in the symmetric subcortical white matter (11.1%). Conclusion Our analysis showed that fasting is a common cause of WE in nonalcoholic patients and that MRI is a useful tool for the diagnosis of WE. The most common MRI findings were symmetrical lesions of the medial thalamus lesions, followed by the tectal plate of the midbrain and cranial nerve nuclei.
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- 2019
50. Lower-Limb Electromyography Signal Analysis for the Bottom Group of Muscles Fitness Norm before and after Intensive Exercise
- Author
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Chieh-Liang Wu, Shyan-Lung Lin, Yang-Si Huang, Tasi-Chu Wang, and Ching-Kun Chen
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,TK7800-8360 ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Norm (group) ,Physical fitness ,Electromyography ,Root mean square ,Correlation ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,medicine ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Exercise physiology ,Mathematics ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Work (physics) ,time-domain analysis ,Intensity (physics) ,frequency-domain analysis ,Hardware and Architecture ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Signal Processing ,physical fitness ,electromyography (EMG) signals ,intensive exercise ,Electronics ,business - Abstract
Muscular fitness is not only the ability of the body to adapt to work and the environment but also the operational ability of physical behavior. We speculated whether research could be conducted on the theory of muscular fitness and its qualitative/quantitative relationship based on muscular fitness and exercise physiology from the perspective of muscular endurance and muscular exploration. This study used standing long jumps as a standard metric for physical fitness to identify the bottom 20% groups. The experiment involved eight freshmen from the bottom 20% groups, and the pre-tests of the participants’ electromyography (EMG) signals under different exercise intensities were measured and after performing a set of intensive exercises for post-tests. The signal’ characteristics measured in time and frequency domains were analyzed to find the correlation between them and the participants’ muscular fitness. Weighted squats were chosen as the strength movements, which were separated into an exercise experiment and a force plate experiment. Both experiments included three different exercise intensities: 8 repetition maximum (RM), 18RM, and 28RM. The EMG signals were captured and analyzed in both time and the frequency domains. Finally, paired sample tests were performed to determine the difference of features under different exercise intensities. The comparison of readings before and after intensive exercises shows that, for the exercised experiment, a significant difference in the mean absolute (MAV), the variance of EMG (VAR), the root mean square value (RMS), and the average amplitude of change (AAC) was observed under 8RM. Under 18RM, MAV, VAR, and AAC showed a significant difference. In the force plate experiment, RMS, AAC, mean frequency (MNF), and median frequency (MDF) showed a statistically significant difference under the intensity of 18RM. As for intensity under 28RM, MAV, VAR, RMS, and AAC also showed significant difference.
- Published
- 2021
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