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[Objective] The aims of this study are to explore the response characteristics of soil physical and chemical properties and stoichiometric characteristics to stand density of Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus tabuliformis plantations in loess hilly region, and to provide scientific basis for plantation management in loess hilly region. [Methods] The soil bulk density, water content, soil organic carbon（SOC）, total nitrogen（TN） and total phosphorus（TP） contents of two plantations were measured and analyzed. The variation characteristics and vertical variation characteristics of each index with different density gradients were studied by single factor variance analysis method, and the correlation between each index was analyzed by multi-factor correlation analysis method. [Results]（1） In the vertical distribution characteristics, the SOC and TN contents of each stand showed a significant decreasing trend with the increase of soil depth. There was no significant difference in soil bulk density and TP content.（2） Robinia pseudoacacia forest density had no significant effect on soil bulk density, water content, N∶P and other indicators. SOC, TN, TP and C∶N of low density Robinia pseudoacacia forest were significantly higher than those of other densities.（3） Pinus tabulaeformis forest density had no significant effect on soil bulk density, C∶N, C∶P, N∶P and other indicators. The contents of SOC, TN and TP in high density pine forest were significantly higher than those in other density pine forest.（4） Under the same density, the soil bulk density and water content of Robinia pseudoacacia forest were higher than those of Pinus tabulaeformis forest. The SOC, TN, C∶N, C∶P, N∶P were lower than those of Pinus tabulaeformis forest, except for C∶N, the differences were significant. [Conclusion] The contents of SOC, TN and TP in low-density Robinia pseudoacacia forest were higher, while the contents of SOC, TN and TP in high-density Pinus tabulaeformis forest were higher, and the soil quality of Pinus tabulaeformis forest was relatively better than that of Robinia pseudoacacia forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intestinal microbiome has a long-term symbiosis with the body, not only participating in the formation of the intestinal barrier, but also maintaining the body′s metabolism by producing vitamins and other products necessary for host physiology. Autophagy is a cellular catabolic process used to maintain homeostasis, and it functions at a fundamental level in all tissues. In this review, we will elaborate the changes of autophagy when regulating intestinal microbiome and the changes of intestinal microbiome when autophagy changes, so as to provide more research directions for the treatment of diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective We aimed to determine the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of three different item versions of the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ), to facilitate the clinical application of CCMQ. Methods In total, 537 subjects were included in the analysis. All subjects voluntarily completed a comprehensive of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM) constitution intervention (mood, diet, daily living, exercise, and acupoints). The subjects filled out the 60-item CCMQ and the Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-36) at baseline and 3 months after the intervention. The result of the 41-item and the 30-item CCMQ were scored according to the result of the 60-item CCMQ. An anchor-based approach and a distribution-based approach were used to estimate the MCID of the three versions of the CCMQ. The anchor of the anchor-based approach was SF-36 item 1, and the analysis method were the mean change method and multiple linear regression. The standardized response mean ( SRM) was used for the distribution-based approach. Results The mean change method and multiple linear regression estimation result were averaged and rounded to whole numbers. The MCID values of the 60-item CCMQ of balanced type, qi-deficiency type, yang-deficiency type, yin-deficiency type, phlegm-dampness type, dampness-heat type, blood-stasis type, qi-depression type, and special diathesis type were 5, -5, -3, -3, -4, -4, -4, -4, and -2, respectively. The MCID values of the 41-item CCMQ were 4, -6, -4, -2, -4, -4, -4, -4, and -2, respectively. The MCID values of the 30-item CCMQ were 5, - 5, - 4, - 3, - 4, - 5, - 4, - 5, and - 2, respectively. The MCID values estimated by the anchor-based approach were higher than those estimated when SRM was 0. 2, except for the special diathesis type. Conclusion The MCID values of three different versions of the CCMQ estimated in this study can reflect the minimum score change of the CCMQ considered important and meaningful by patients, which is helpful for doctors in explaining the effect of TCM constitution intervention or setting intervention targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the relationship between ceruloplasmin（CER）, squamous cell carcinoma associated antigen（SCCA） and chronic renal failure（CRF） and their predictive value for disease progression. Methods: A total of 169 patients with chronic renal failure admitted to our hospital from April 2019 to April 2021 were selected as the study subjects. According to 12 h urinary albumin quantification,the patients were divided into microalbuminuria group（＜200 mg/24 h, 102 cases） and macroalbuminuria group（＞200 mg/24 h, 67 cases）. The laboratory indexes and serum CER and SCCA levels of the two groups were compared, and the relationship between CER, SCCA and renal function indexes of patients with chronic renal failure was analyzed. Patients were followed up for 24 months to observe the progression of the disease. Area under receiver operating Characteristic Curve（AUC） was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of CER combined with SCCA on the progression of the disease. Results: The levels of serum creatinine（Scr） and blood urea nitrogen（BUN） in moderate proteinuria group were higher than those in mild proteinuria group, and the glomerular filtration rate（GFR） was lower than that in mild proteinuria group（P＜0.05）. The levels of CER and SCCA in moderate proteinuria group were higher than those in mild proteinuria group（P＜0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that CER and SCCA levels were positively correlated with Scr and BUN, but negatively correlated with GFR（P＜0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that GFR,CER and SCCA were independent predictors of chronic renal failure（P＜0.05）. According to ROC curve analysis, the AUC of CER combined with SCCA in predicting the progression of chronic renal failure was 0.926,which was significantly higher than 0.683 of GFR（P＜0.05）. Conclusion: The levels of CER and SCCA are negatively correlated with renal function in patients with chronic renal failure. The combined efficacy of CER and SCCA in predicting the progression of patients’ disease is good and worthy of clinical attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nano-selenium, as a kind of new functional nanomaterials, has attracted wide attention from all over the word. Compared with inorganic selenium, organic selenium or elemental selenium, nano-selenium has a lot of outstanding features, including high biological activity, low toxicity, and large surface area. Biosynthetic process is regarded as a relatively efficient and environment-friendly pathway to produce nanomaterials. Our previous study found that Bacillus subtilis subspecies stercoris strain XP, as a biocontrol bacteria strain, not only had strong resistance to selenium or salt, but also had strong ability of transform inorganic selenium with higher toxicity into selenium nanoparticle (SeNP) with higher bioactivity and safety. Furthermore, the strain XP has been confirmed to have higher safety and bioactivity compared to those identified strains. But so far, the SeNP yield from selenite reduction by strain XP metabolism is inefficient, which seriously hinders the wide application of this technology. As we all known, fermentation process parameters have great influence on the selenite reduction and SeNP yield. Choosing appropriate parameters can increase in the SeNP production, as well as reduce the cost of SeNP synthesis. Response surface methodology (RSM) has been considered to be an effective method of process parameter optimization. In this study, the synthesis conditions (e.g., selenite concentration, speed of cultivation, dosage of inoculation) were further optimized to improve the biological efficiency of SeNP synthesis by strain XP. The fermentation conditions were optimized by single factor test, Box-Behnken design (BBD), and response surface methodology. Firstly, the effects of different initial Se (IV) concentrations (1-8 mmol/L) in the culture medium, shaker speeds (120-200 r/min), and the amounts of strain XP inoculation (0.5-10%) on SeNP production were tested by single factor experiment. The production of SeNP increased first and then decreased with gradual increase of initial Se (IV) concentrations. With the shaking speed going up from 120 r/min to 200 r/min, SeNP production also increased first and then decreased. When the inoculum amount of strain XP was between 0.5% and 10%, the yield of SeNP enhanced rapidly along with the increase of inoculum amount. The results showed that each selected experiment parameter had a strong influence on the SeNP production within their scopes: 1-4 mmol/L Se(IV), 120-180 r/min, and 2.5%-10%, respectively. Based on it, the optimal range of each indicator was confirmed. Meanwhile, the above three factors were taken as the influencing factors and SeNP production was used as the response index. Secondly, the Box-Behnken response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the fermentation conditions of strain XP used for SeNP biosynthesis. Finally, the optimal theoretical value of fermentation condition obtained through response surface experiments were verified by actual experiments. The results indicated that the optimal fermentation condition for SeNP biosynthesis by Bacillus subtilis XP were as follows: initial Se (IV) concentration of 3.4 mmol/L, shaker speed of 157 r/min, and inoculum amount of 9.9%. The SeNP production was 1.82 mmol/L under the optimum condition, which was increased by more than 60% over that under normal condition. Moreover, the seed germination experiment was conducted for confirming the bio-activity of SeNP biosynthesis under optimized culture condition. Application of SeNP could effectively stimulate the Indian lettuce seed vigor and promote the germination process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective A holistic and comprehensive analysis of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutions health states was conducted to explore the impact of different concurrently clamped constitution histories on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Methods　Using the convenient sampling method, the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire-41 entry short version, the Chinese verison of SF- 36, and other tools were used to measure the unpaid blood donor population aged 18 to 60 years old, and the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis was used to explore configuration of the TCM constitution that affected HRQOL. Results The mean age of the 2 254 study subjects included in the analysis was (30. 72±9. 78) years. The percentage of gentleness constitution was 35. 71%, and 33. 81% had a combination of more than 3 types biased constitutions. Three categories of TCM constitution groupings negatively influenced HRQOL in the physiological domain. First, non-gentleness constitution, qi-deficiency constitution, yang-deficiency constitution, phlegm-wetness constitution, and blood-stasis constitution were the core conditions; second, non-gentleness constitution, qi-deficiency constitution, phlegm-wetness constitution, blood-stasis constitution and special diathesis constitution were the core conditions; and third, all eight biased constitutions were present as core conditions. Three categories of TCM constitution groupings negatively influenced HRQOL in the psychological domain. First, non-gentleness constitution, qideficiency constitution, phlegm-wetness constitution, blood-stasis constitution, and qi-depression constitution were the core conditions; second, non-gentleness constitution, qi-deficiency constitution, yin-deficiency constitution, wetness-heat constitution, and qi-depression constitution were the core conditions; and third, all eight biased constitutions occurred as core conditions. Conclusion　The fuzzyset qualitative comparative analysis method with a configuration perspective revealed the effect of TCM constitution on HRQOL as a multi-component combination of concurrent mechanisms. The diversity of concurrently clamped constitution and the complexity of its relationship with HRQOL were fully analyzed, and this results provide a reference direction for researchers to dig deeper into the intervention pathways of TCM constitution conditioning to enhance quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lactase drops in the treatment of lactose intolerance in premature infants, so as to promote the breastfeeding rate of premature infants. METHODS: A multi-center and non-randomized controlled clinical study was conduct, preterm infants with gestational age ≤34 weeks and symptoms of feeding intolerance admitted to neonatology departments of the Children’ s Hospital of Fudan University, the Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University and the Children’s Hospital of Shanghai were selected as research objects, which were divided into research group and control group via non-randomized method. The research group was given breast milk + lactase or liquid milk for preterm infants + lactase, while the control group was fed with deeply hydrolyzed lactose-free formula or amino acid formula. The primary observation indicators were lactose intolerance symptoms, stool pH and fecal reducing sugar; the secondary observation indicators were growth and development indicators. RESULTS: A total of 117 premature infants were enrolled from Jul. 2017 to Jul. 2020, finally 56 children in the research group and 18 children in the control group had completed the study. Compared with the control group, the research group had a greater rate of weight gain at 2 weeks of enrollment, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). There was no statistical significance in differences in the reduction of stool frequency, results of stool pH test and percentage of negative conversion of fecal reducing sugar between two groups after 2 weeks of enrollment (P>0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Both lactase and lactose-free formula can effectively treat lactase deficiency. Although the onset of action of lactase is slower than that of lactose-free formula, breast milk combined with lactase feeding can significantly help children’s weight gain without giving up breastfeeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract:Objective We aimed ( ⅰ) to explore the correlation between the public′s acute stress reaction( ASR) and the constitution of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM) during the COVID-19 epidemic and (ⅱ) to provide a basis for adjusting the constitution bias and improving the public′s ability to cope with COVID-19 under the normalized management of the epidemic. Methods From February 3 to February 15, 2022, an electronic questionnaire survey was conducted using a combination of convenient sampling and snowball sampling. Statistics of basic information (gender, age, marital status, educational background, the likelihood of believing that they are infected, the likelihood of believing that people around them are infected, whether the location is a risk area, and whether they have been vaccinated against COVID-19 ), the scores of the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ), and TCM constitution transformation scores of each subscale of a 30-Item Short Version of Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire ( CCMQ - 30) were calculated. Those with a SASRQ score of ≥40 were included in the ASR group, and those with a SASRQ score of <40 were included in the non-ASR group. The basic information and TCM constitution of the two groups were compared. Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to examine the correlation between the total SASRQ score and the transformation score of each CCMQ- 30 subscale. Results A total of 1 218 questionnaires were collected, of which 116 invalid questionnaires were excluded, so 1 102 samples were included in the final analysis. The effective rate of the questionnaire was 90. 48%. (ⅰ) There were 892 people in the non-ASR group and 210 people in the ASR group. There were no significant differences in gender, age, marital status, educational background, whether the location was a risk area, the possibility of infection, and vaccination between the two groups (P>0. 05), while there were significant differences in the possibility of believing that people around them are infected (P<0. 05); the proportion of people who perceived the possibility of infection was higher in the ASR group than in the non-ASR group. (ⅱ) There were significant differences in the scores of nine TCM constitutions between the ASR group and the non-ASR group (P< 0. 05). Correlation analysis showed that the total SASRQ score was negatively correlated with balanced constitution (r = -0. 353, P<0. 01), while it was positively correlated with eight biased constitutions; ordered based on the correlation from strong to weak, these constitutions were the following: qi-stagnation, qi-deficiency, blood-stasis, phlegm-dampness, inherited special, yin-deficiency, dampness-heat, and yang-deficiency (r = 0. 235 to 0. 367, P < 0. 01). ( ⅲ) Multiple linear regression analysis controlling for the interaction of biased constitutions showed that qi-stagnation( β′ = 0. 214, P<0. 01), qi-deficiency ( β′ = 0. 139, P<0. 05), and inherited special constitution ( β′ = 0. 088, P < 0. 01) were the independent influencing factors of ASR. Further control for confounding variables yielded similar result. Conclusion Qi-stagnation, qideficiency, and inherited special constitution have a great influence on public ASR. It is suggested to focus on adjusting qi-stagnation, qi-deficiency, and inherited special constitution to improve public physical and mental health under the normal management of the COVID-19 epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate HPV infection, subtype distribution, and age distribution in females in Kunming. Methods Flow fluorescence hybridization was used to detect HPV genotypes in 6 091 female cervical exserted cells in Kunming Maternal and Child Health Hospital in 2021. Infection rate, gene subtypes and age distribution were obtained after classification and statistics. Results 1 301 people wereinfected with HPV, the infection rate was 21.36%. Single infected persons accounted for the majority (78.94%). In all positive specimens, the number of high-risk infection cases was more than that of low-risk infection cases. The highest infection rates were HPV52 (21.83%), HPV16 （11.38%), and HPV58 (10.76%), respectively. Participants were divided into ≤ 20 years old group, 21 to 30 years old group, 31 to 40 years old group, 41 to 50 years old group, 51 to 60 years old group and > 60 years old group according to age. The HPV infection rate was highest in the > 60 years old group, followed by the 21 to 30 years old group and the 51 to 60 years old group. Conclusions HPV infection in women in Kunming is mainly a hhigh-risk type. Elderly and people under 30 years old need to strengthen prevention and treatment education, and it is recommended that women of appropriate age receive multivalent cervical cancer vaccine as soon as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective　To develop the knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP) scale for preventive treatment of disease through constitution of Chinese medicine(KAP-PTDCCM) and test its reliability and validity, in order to provide an assessing tool for health management in preventive treatment through constitution of Chinese medicine. Methods　The KAP-PTDCCM was initially developed by referring to literature review combined with expert opinion based on the KAP Theory. A convenience sample of 922 students from three universities in Xinjiang and Beijing were investigated. Reliabilities of KAP-PTDCCM were tested by internal consistency reliability and split-half reliability. Validities of KAP-PTDCCM were tested by construct validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity. Results　The KAP-PTDCCM consisted of 24 items belonging to three dimensions: Knowledge(8 items), Belief/ Attitude(9 items), and Practice (7 items). The total Cronbach′s α value of KAP-PTDCCM was 0. 925(>0. 9) and varied from 0. 887 to 0. 943(>0. 8) for its three dimensions. Split-half reliability was 0. 960. Results of exploratory factor analysis were in accordance with KAP theory, and the cumulative contribution rate of the top three factors was 66. 33%. The indexes of confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fitness of the model. Convergent validity showed that correlation coefficients ranged from 0. 538 to 0. 838(P<0. 05), and discriminant validity showed that correlation coefficients ranged from 0. 096 to 0. 541(P<0. 05). The successful rate was 100% according to the convergent validity and discriminant validity tests. Conclusion　The 24-item scale of KAP-PTDCCM seems to show good reliability and validity for the application in evaluating the knowledge, attitude, practice, and health management effect of preventive treatment of disease through constitution of Chinese medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅｓ]Ｔｈｉｓ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｗａｓ ｔｏ ｅｘｐｌｏｒｅ ｔｈｅ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｂｉｌｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ＯＰＴＩＣＡＬ ＴＲＡｐｅｚｏｉｄ Ｍｏｄｅｌ( ＯＰＴＲＡＭ) ｆｏｒ ｓｏｉｌ ｍｏｉｓｔｕｒｅ ｅｓｔｉｍａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ Ｌｕｈｅ Ｄｉｓｔｒｉｃｔ ｕｔｉｌｉｚｉｎｇ Ｓｅｎｔｉｎｅｌ-２ ｉｍａｇｅ ｄａｔａ, ａｎｄ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅ ｔｈｅ ｓｏｉｌ ｍｏｉｓｔｕｒｅ ｒｅｔｒｉｅｖａｌ ａｃｃｕｒａｃｙ ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ ｕｔｉｌｉｚｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄ ＯＰＴＲＡＭ. [ Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ] Ｎｏｒｍａｌｉｚｅｄ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ ｖｅｇｅｔａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎｄｅｘ ( ＮＤＶＩ) ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ＯＰＴＲＡＭ ｗａｓ ｒｅｐｌａｃｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｐｈｏｔｏｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃ ｖｅｇｅｔａｔｉｏｎ ｃｏｖｅｒａｇｅ, ｗｈｉｃｈ ｗａｓ ｏｂｔａｉｎｅｄ ｂｙ ｔｈｅ ＮＤＶＩ-ＤＦＩ ｍｏｄｅｌ ｄｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｘｅｄ-ｐｉｘｅｌ ｏｆ Ｓｅｎｔｉｎｅｌ-２Ａ ｉｍａｇｅ. [Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ]Ｔｈｅ ｉｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｆ ＯＰＴＲＡＭ ｓｏｉｌ ｍｏｉｓｔｕｒｅ(Ｒ２ ＝０.３８)ｗａｓ ｓｉｍｉｌａｒ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｆｉｔｔｉｎｇ ｒｅｓｕｌｔ ｏｆ ＴＶＤＩ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ(Ｒ２ ＝０.３９), ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃ ｓｐａｔｉａｌ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ ｗａｓ ｔｒａｐｅｚｏｉｄａｌ; ｔｈｅ ＮＤＶＩ-ＤＦＩ ｍｏｄｅｌ ｗａｓ ｓｅｐａｒａｂｌｅ ｉｎ Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ; ｔｈｅ ｓｐａｔｉａｌ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＳＴＲ-Ｆｐｖ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄ ＯＰＴＲＡＭ ｍｏｄｅｌ ｃｏｎｆｏｒｍｅｄ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｂａｓｉｃ ｍｏｄｅｌ. Ｔｈｅ ｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎ ｃｏｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄ ｍｏｄｅｌ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄ １０ ｃｍ ｓｏｉｌ ｍｏｉｓｔｕｒｅ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｔｏ ０.５５. [Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎｓ]Ｔｈｅ ＯＰＴＲＡＭ ｈａｄ ａ ｇｒｅａｔ ｆｅａｓｉｂｉｌｉｔｙ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｒｅｔｒｉｅｖａｌ ｏｆ ｓｏｉｌ ｍｏｉｓｔｕｒｅ ｉｎ Ｌｕｈｅ Ｄｉｓｔｒｉｃｔ ｏｆ Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ. Ｔｈｅ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄ ＯＰＴＲＡＭ ｍｏｄｅｌ ｂａｓｅｄ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ＮＤＶＩ-ＤＦＩ ｍｏｄｅｌ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅ ｔｈｅ ｒｅｔｒｉｅｖａｌ ａｃｃｕｒａｃｙ, ｗｈｉｃｈ ａｌｓｏ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ａｐｐｌｉｅｄ ｔｏ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｍｏｄｅｌｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｆｕｔｕｒｅ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis, bone mass change, and distribution of main clinical epidemiological features in men under 50 years old and premenopausal women with bone mineral density (BMD) scores lower than average level, and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Methods ①BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and the hip was detected using a HOLOGIC DEXA machine. BMD results and the clinical data of 2100 patients were analyzed based on A, B, C, and D age groups. ②WHO Asian diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis were applied. BMD score Z >-2.0 SD was normal and Z ≤-2.0 SD was below the average in the same age group. Results ①Among the 2100 cases, 80.14% (1683/2100) had BMD score within the range of the same age people, and 19.86% (417/2 100) had BMD score lower than the range of the same age people. In those who had lower BMD, 214 cases were males (24.24%) and 203 cases were females (16.68%, P<0.05). ②In those men who were less than 50 years old and had lower BMD score, 61 cases had malnutrition, 43 cases had functional kidney disease, 33 cases had rheumatoid disease, 33 cases had diabetes, 22 cases had surgery, and 72 cases had osteoporosis. In premenopausal women who had lower BMD score, 62 cases had malnutrition, 47 cases had surgery, 31 cases had functional kidney disease, 25 cases had thyroid disease, 23 cases had SLE, and 65 cases had osteoporosis. Conclusion The prevalent rate of low BMD is higher in men less than 50 years old than in premenopausal women (P < 0.05). The characteristics of bone mass change in the lumbar vertebrae and the hip and main clinical epidemiological features are different between different genders. The active prevention should be carried out based on the clinical epidemiological features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low selenium areas of China are covering about 72% of the land area. People who are seriously deficient in selenium always suffering a variety of diseases due to that they could not get enough selenium from the local food. Therefore, it is significant to solve the problems caused by the selenium deficiency in human body with scientific methods. Plant-based foods provide an indispensable source of carbohydrates and minerals for animals and human. Selenium in the environment can be absorbed and transformed into organic species by plants, which is a safe and effective way to meet the people's demand of selenium. Mineral nutrients required for plant growth almost come from the soil that is suitable for microbial survival, also, microorganism not only play an important role in promoting plant growth but also is advantageous to the plants absorbing and utilizing selenium in the soil effectively. In this paper, the research progress of selenium transformation in animals, plants, and microorganism were reviewed to give people some enlightenments for further improving the present situation of selenium deficiency in animals and human. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tuber of Pinellia cordata has been the extensively used as medicines in the practice of traditional Chinese medicine. Bulbil formation is the main propagation strategy of P. cordata in wild. There are two developmental stages of bulbils for each one individual: on the basis of leaf blade (upper bulbil) and on the lower part of petiole (lower bulbil). To reveal the developmental characteristics of bulbil formation in P. cordata, morphological and anatomical observation were systematically used. Morphological observation showed that the whole development process of upper or lower bulbil could be divided three stages: no visible bulbil structure, primary bulbil formation under epidermis, growth and maturation of bulbil. Correspondingly, anatomical observation showed that the whole development process of upper or lower bulbil could be divided four stages: initial cell formation, bulbil promodia formation, differentiation of bulbil, and bulbil growth continuously to maturation. The initial cell of bulbil was derived or dedifferentiated from the parenchyma cell which was located in the adaxial side of young petiole. Initial cell formation was not visible. Continuously division of the initial parenchyma cell resulted in the formation of bulbil primodium, which was a group of undifferentiated cell. The primordium continuously growth and then differentiated to form the shoot apical meristem (SAM), which was the infant bulbil on the adaxial side. Bulbil promodium formation and early primodium differentiation could be visible with white dot structure on petiole. Subsequently, differentiated bulbil growth and lateral scale leaf differentiation continuously characterized the bulbil growth stage. Bulbil growth terminated with the leaf senescence. The average diameter of maturated upper bulbil on blade and lower bulbil on petiole were (2.79 ± 0.40) mm and (2.69 ± 0.36) mm, respectively. The maturated bulbils generally were gray and ellipsoidal, and shaped with various number of external scale leaf. The inner cells of maturated bulbil contained lots of nutrients (storage). The germination rate of bulbils was up to 75% in soil culture. Morphological and anatomical observation results indicate that the development of bulbils in P. cordata is the same in P. ternata, and the development of bulbil in P. cordata is an effective reproduction strategy just like in P. ternata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Practical teaching is an important way to cultivate innovative talents,It is the key link to realize the reform of graduate teaching. Based on SWOT theory, this paper analyzes the current situation of the reform of traditional practice teaching by using SWOT theory; The advantages of innovation consciousness. The advantages of hardware scale. The problems in curriculum system, examination form and openness. The opportunity of demand promotion. The threat of security. Combined with experience in high - performance electromechanical and control system of graduate student innovation base of the National Defense Science and Technology University, Introduce relevant experience of the establishment of a hierarchical curriculum system , strengthen the information construction and safety cultural construction. To explore the scientific and standardized approach to the status quo Analysis, to devolop the action plan.e [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the protective effect of Platycodin D (PD) on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods The rats were divided into sham group, model group, low, middle and high-dose groups with 10 animals in each. The rat model of ischemia reperfusion injury was established by clamping the bilateral renal pedicles in model group, low, middle and high-dose group. The rats in sham group underwent the same modeling operation but did not clamp the renal pedicles. Before 5 minutes of modeling, the rats of low, middle and high-dose group were intra-peritoneally injected with 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg PD, respectively. After 24 h of modeling, the serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, as well as antioxidant markers[superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) ] levels in kidney tissues were measured. HE staining was used to evaluate renal tissue lesions. Immuno-histochemical staining was used to detect the expression of caspase-3 in renal tissue, the apoptosis index of renal tubular epithelial cells was evaluated by the counting of caspase-3 positive cells. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and IL-10 mRNA in renal tissues. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), p65, p-p65, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) (IκB) and p-IκB. Results Compared with sham group, the kidney lesions, serum Cr and BUN levels, apoptosis index of renal tubular epithelial cells in model group were all increased (P＜0.05) . Compared with model group, the kidney lesions, serum Cr and BUN levels, apoptosis index of renal tubular epithelial cells in low, middle and high-dose group were decreased (P＜0.05) . Compared with sham group, the level of MDA and mRNA of IL-1β and IL-6, the protein expression of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in kidney tissue in model group were all significantly increased while the level of SOD and GSH-Px and mRNA of IL-10 in rat kidney tissue were decreased (P＜0.05) . Compared with model group, the level of MDA, mRNA of IL-1β and IL-6, the protein expression of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in kidney tissue in low, middle and high-dose group were all decreased, SOD and GSH-Px and IL-10 mRNA in rat kidney tissue were increased (P＜0.05) . Conclusions Platycodin D has a protective effect on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the improvement of antioxidant capacity and inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to satisfy the experimental teaching and the specialty of Energy and Environment System Engineering, this paper designed a set of integrated platform of photo-catalytic degradation system. This platform consists of the thermostatic bath,steam generator, light-reactor, control unit, detection system, etc., it can control light intensity, relative humidity, and other reaction conditions during reaction process to ensure a continuous and stable test environment for catalyst activity. The combination of the solar energy and the effective catalysts can degrade VOCs with high efficiency, and their degradation pathways can be analyzed. Integrated with online detection technologies, this system can evaluate the activity, lifetime and poisoning of catalysts, as well as the ultimate photo-degradation results for different catalysts under various conditions. In addition, this platform can conduct comprehensive experiments related to photocatalysis in order to meet the needs of research and teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore and analysis the effects of Rituximab（RTX） in the treatment of patients with nephrotic syndrome and its effect on retinolbinding protein（RBP） and microcirculation state. Methods: From September 2018 to November 2021, 66 cases of patients with nephrotic syndrome who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital were selected as the research subjects. All patients were numbered according to the order of admission, and divided into rituximab group and matched group according to treatment methods, 33 patients in each group. The matched group were given glucocorticoid treatment, and the rituximab group were given rituximab treatment on the basis of the treatment of the matched group. The treatment were observed for 3 months, and the changes of serum RBP and microcirculation status were observed and detected. Results: After treatment, the total effective rates of the rituximab group were 97.0 %, which were higher than that of the matched group 81.8 %（P<0.05）. The quantitative and qualitative levels of urinary protein in the two groups after treatment were lower than before, and the plasma albumin in the rituximab group was lower than that in the control group, while the plasma albumin in the rituximab group was higher than that in the matched group（P<0.05）. After treatment, the nailfold microcirculation tube and flow state scores in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and the rituximab group were lower than that in the matched group（P<0.05）. The serum RBP levels in the two groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment, and the rituximab group were lower than that in the matched group（P<0.05）. The adverse reactions during the two groups were no difference compared between the two groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion: Rituximab in the treatment of patients with nephrotic syndrome can effectively improve the microcirculation state, inhibit the expression of serum RBP, improve the therapeutic effect, and improve the renal function of patients, and has good safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective　To explore the correlation of early serum uric acid fluctuations in patients after the bariatric surgery. Methods　From January 2021 to June 2022，80 patients with the metabolic syndrome who were admitted to Yan'an Hospital of Kunming and completed the follow-up one month after the surgery were selected as the objective of this research experiment.And according to the serum uric acid index one month after the surgery， they were divided into group A with the increase of serum uric acid after the operation and group B with the decrease of serum uric acid after the operation. The BMI value and the changes of various biochemical indexes were compared between the two groups before and after the bariatric surgery. Results　Surgery method， postoperative protein intake，aerobic exercise and water intake were not the reasons for the fluctuation of serum uric acid in patients after weight loss（P > 0.05），and the changes in liver function also could not explain the changes in patients 1 month after weight loss（ P > 0.05） . The changes of blood sugar and triglyceride were the main reasons for the fluctuation of postoperative blood uric acid（P < 0.05）. The greater the decrease in triglycerides after the surgery，the less likely the increase in uric acid will occur.In addition，the increase of blood uric acid at 1 month after operation was greater than the decrease of blood uric acid after the operation，and the change of blood uric acid was correlated with the change of serum creatinine and monocyte/high-density lipoprotein（MHR）（P < 0.05）. The correlation coefficients were 0.204 and 0.511 respectively.respectively. Conclusion　The changes of triglyceride and blood sugar in the early postoperative period are the reasons for the increase or decrease of blood uric acid in patients with weight loss after the surgery，and the changes of blood uric acid are mainly affected by creatinine and monocyte/high density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From March to December 2017, thirteensampling sites at four rivers in Jiangyin were investigated to construct phytoplanktonic index of biotic integrity (P-IBI), evaluate river health and analyze the correlation between P-IBI and environmental factors. Through the analysis of the degree of human disturbance, the reference sites and damaged sites were divided. The discriminating power analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted on 18 candidate parameters. Finally, five parameters were selected, namely, the percentage of Bacillariophyta, the percentage of Chlorophyta, the percentage of Phormidium, the Shannon-Wiener index and the biomass of phytoplankton. Ratio method was used to get the score of each parameter and the total score of P was obtained after accumulating. The results show that the investigated dominant species of phytoplankton in the river are Oscillatoria, Anabaena and Euglena, eutrophication of water body is severe and water quality is generally poor. P has a high correlation with the river flow velocity, transparency, salinity and conductivity and soil erosion caused by human activities is the main influencing factor of the structure of phytoplankton population structure. P of four rivers is generally consistent with the water quality data. The better the water quality, the higher the P-IBI score. It is feasible to use P-IBI to evaluate river health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是最常见的痴呆类型,其病因尚未明确.近年来,AD的"微生物感染假说"备受关注,多种微生物感染与AD的发生相关.单纯疱疹病毒1型的DNA存在于AD患者的大脑中,并与淀粉样斑块共定位;细胞内单纯疱疹病毒感染不仅可引起几种淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白片段的产生,还可导致糖原合成酶激酶-3的激活和淀粉样蛋白的积累.人体胃肠道含有庞大的微生物群,肠道菌群的细菌产物进入大脑后会引起炎症并促进Aβ的蓄积.慢性牙周炎患者发生AD的风险升高,牙龈卟啉单胞菌也在AD患者的大脑中被检测出,且小鼠的慢性牙周病原体感染会引起与AD一致的病理改变.幽门螺杆菌感染也与痴呆的发生有关,一些基础研究从基因和分子水平探究其致病机制,发现Hp可通过增强γ-分泌酶的活性直接促进Aβ的产生和释放,并通过中断突触功能诱导认知障碍.螺旋体感染与AD的发生相关,从AD患者的脑组织中可培养出伯氏疏螺旋体;感染螺旋体的原代细胞内出现了Aβ沉积.另在AD患者的脑脊液中发现了真菌DNA、蛋白质,并在AD患者的大脑中检测到真菌细胞. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the intervention effect of TCM constitution health education on constitution and relevant health indicators. Methods The research design was adopted with no control group before and after the test evaluation. A total of 595 subjects were recruited. Interventions of emotion, diet, sleeping and living, exercise, and meridian and acupoint massage were concluded in the TCM constitution health education interventions. Investigated their constitution, health related quality of life(MOSSF-36) and laboratory indexes before and after the intervention of 3 months and 6 months. Results 509 subjects were available. After 3 months intervention, the score of gentleness type was significantly increased by 3.67 points (P＜0.05) while scores of pathological constitutions except yang-deficiency type were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). All of the absolute values of standardized response mean (SRM) ranged from 0.10 to 0.51. After 6 months intervention, the score of gentleness type was significantly increased by 3.67 points (P＜0.05) while scores of all pathological constitutions were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). All of the absolute values of SRM ranged from 0.23 to 0.75. Physical component summary (PCS) scores and mental component summary (MCS) scores of MOS SF-36 were significantly increased (P＜0.05) after 3 months and 6 months intervention. After 3 months intervention, systolic pressure (SP), diastolic pressure (DP), 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPG), and total cholesterol (TC) decreased significantly (P＜0.05), but high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly increased (P＜0.05). After 6 months intervention, SP, DP, 2hPG, TC, triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly decreased (P＜0.05), but HDL-C was significantly increased (P＜0.05). Conclusion TCM constitution Health education intervention can improve the constitutional conditions, clinical abnormal indexes, and the quality of life resulting in the improvement of health. However, the intervention effects were generally low, which indicates that the constitution is relatively stable. Therefore, a long-term of TCM constitution intervention is necessary for health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the effects of doxorubicin injection on the levels of lipoprotein lipase and leci-thin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in rats with nehpmtic syndrome (NS). Sixty-four SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely: matched group, low-dose adriamycin group, medium-dose adriamycin group and high-dose adriamycin group. The four groups of rats were injected with adriamycin through the tail vein at one time at 0 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, 8 mg/kg, the changes in rat kidney lipoprotein lipase and LCAT levels were detected at different time points after modeling. The body weight, daily feed intake, blood creatinine and urea nitrogen of the low-dose doxorubicin group, medium-dose doxorubicin group and high-dose doxorubicin group were lower than those of the matched group (P<0.05) at 7 d, 14 d, 21 d after modeling, the 24 h urine protein were higher than that of the matched group (P<0.05), and there were adose-dependence, the difference compared among the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The relative expression levels of renal lipoprotein lipase and lecithin cholesterol acylase in the low-dose doxorubicin group, medium-dose doxorubicin group, and high-dose doxorubicin group were lower than those in the matched group at 21 d and 28 d after modeling (P<0.05). and there were dose-dependence, the difference compared among the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). A small dose of doxorubicin can inhibit the expression of lipoprotein lipase and LCAT in rat kidneys, and can quickly and effectively establish rat model of nephrotic syndrome with good simulation effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in women of early pregnancy in Kunming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, and to explore the correlation between the level and gestational age, so as to provide suggestions for reasonable vitamin D supplement for women planning pregnancy. Methods From January 2018 to December 2020, 4 283 pregnant women in Kunming Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected as the observation subjects. They were divided into 16 to 20 years old group (97 cases), 21 to 25 years old group (999 cases), 26 to 30 years old group (1 894 cases), 31 to 35 years old group (930 cases), 36 to 40 years old group (303 cases). 41 to 45 years old group (60 cases) 6 groups. The serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D levels of 6 groups of pregnant women were compared. Results The average level of vitamin D in 4 283 pregnant women was lower than normal, and the level of 25OHD in 16 ～20 years old group was the lowest. Conclusion Gestational age is correlated with serum 25OHD level, and the serum 25OHD level in the low gestational age group is relatively low, which requires early screening and intervention for the level of 25OHD in the low gestational age women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the protective effect of cordycepin on vascular endothelial injury in rats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its mechanism. Chronic kidney disease rats (n=48) were randomly equally divided into four groups-model group, cordycepin high-dose group, cordycepin middle-dose group, cordycepin low-dose group. The cordycepin high-dose group, cordycepin middle-dose group, cordycepin low-dose group were given 160 mg/kg, 80 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg cordycepin, and the model group were given the same amount of normal saline, once a day for 2 weeks. The 24 h urine output, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr) levels of cordycepin high-dose group, cordycepin middle-dose group and cordycepin low-dose group at 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment were all lower than the model group (P<0.05), and the body weight were higher than the model group (P<0.05). The difference compared among the different dose groups were also statistically significant(P<0.05). The relative expression levels of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins in the high-dose cordycepin group, the middle- dose cordycepin group, and the low-dose cordycepin group at 2 weeks of treatment were higher than the model group (P<0.05), the glomerular sclerosis index and renal tubular injury score were lower than the model group (P<0.05), and the difference compared among different dose groups were also statistically significant (P<0.05). The application of cordycepin in rats with chronic kidney disease can exert protective effect on vascular endothelial damage, promote the improvement of the renal function of rats, and increase the weight of rats, and it is dose-dependent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 总结无症状和轻型新型冠状病毒奥密克戎 (Omicron) 毒株感染患者病毒核酸阳性持续时间≥14天 的影响因素. 方法 无症状和轻症新型冠状病毒肺炎患者2 369例, 根据病毒核酸阳性持续时间分为长时间组, 短 时间组. 长时间组患者246例, 病毒核酸阳性持续时间均≥14 d, 短时间组患者2 123例, 病毒核酸阳性持续时间均< 14天. 收集并比较两组患者的性别, 年龄, 民族, 身高, 体质量, 吸烟史等基本资料, 发热, 鼻塞, 咽痛, 流涕等临床症 状发生情况, 高血压, 糖尿病, 冠心病等既往病史, 以及是否接种疫苗等情况. 采用Logistic回归分析法分析无症状 和轻型新型冠状病毒Omicron毒株感染患者病毒核酸阳性持续时间≥14天的影响因素. 结果 长时间组患者年龄, 吸烟史, 糖尿病史, 卒中史和未接种新型冠状病毒疫苗者等资料与短时间组相比, P 均<0. 05. 年龄大和未接种新 型冠状病毒疫苗是无症状和轻型新型冠状病毒 Omicron 毒株感染患者病毒核酸阳性持续时间≥14天的危险因素. 结论 年龄和是否接种新型冠状病毒疫苗是无症状和轻型新型冠状病毒Omicron毒株感染患者病毒核酸阳性持续 时间≥14天的影响因素. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 分析慢性病患者对照顾者护理能力的期望，为照顾者的护理干预提供依据，提升其护理能力。 方法 以2013年12月至2014年2月在该院内科病房住院、符合慢性非传染性疾病诊断标准的157例患者为调查对象，采用自拟调查问卷从专注力、沟通、合作、关爱、技术、评估、评判性思维等7个方面共13个项目调查内科病房慢性病患者对其照顾者护理能力的期望，识字能力差的患者采取问答式调查，其余自行填写问卷。 结果 共发出157份问卷，收回157份问卷，有效问卷157份，其中沟通、技术、评估分别被勾选155（98.73%）、129（82.17%）、118（75.16%）例次，位列7个调查要素的前3位。不同职业、不同文化程度、不同病程慢性病患者对其照顾者护理能力的期望存在差异，但无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。不同病程慢性病患者对照顾者沟通能力的期望差异有统计学意义（F=3.86，P=0.02），病程短的患者对照顾者与医护人员沟通能力的期望高于病程长的患者，而对与家人沟通能力的期望则是病程长的患者高于病程短的患者。 结论 慢性病患者对照顾者的护理能力期望以沟通、技术、评估3个要素为主，护理人员应针对性地给予护理干预，提升照顾者的护理能力，提高护理质量。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to extract the consumer's focal point and demand characteristics for intelligent wearable equipment from massive data generated by the consumers of E-commerce platform, 1 242 reviews from Amazon.cn on smart bracelets were collected. Besides, the influence factors of the usefulness of the intelligent bracelet online comment were studied by using the text mining technique and Logistic regression method. It was found that the commentary information integrity was significantly negatively correlated with the usefulness of the review for low -reputation brands, while the correlation between these two variables was not significant for high reputation brands. For low-reputation brands, the heart rate monitoring function was the focus of consumer attention. For high-reputation brands, discussion on Bluetooth performance and battery life could improve the helpfulness of the comments. These results will help manufacturers improve products and services based on consumer demand for smart bracelets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To compare the effectiveness of laparoscopy- assisted gastrectomy （LAG） and open gastrectomy（OG） for advanced distal gastric cancer （ADGC） . Methods 56 patients with advanced distal gastric cancer from our hospital were divided into LAG group and OG group （n＝28），and each group was performed LAG and OG respectively. Operation situation， intraoperative blood loss，the number of dissected lymph nodes，postoperative passage of flatus，postoperative hospital stay and postoperative complications were observed in two groups. Results Operation time of patients was significantly longer in LAG group than OG group， but intraoperative blood loss，postoperative hospital stay， postoperative passage of flatus and postoperative complication rates were significantly lower in LAG group compared with OG group （P < 0.05） . There were no statistical differences in lymph node dissection between the two groups（P > 0.05） . Conclusion LAG had the benefits of smaller trauma， less intraoperative blood loss， faster postoperative recovery， shorter hospital stay and lower incidence of postoperative complications for surgical treatment of patients with ADGC. Therefore， LAG is suggested to be used as the first choice method for surgical treatment of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]