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2. Supply Of Hiv 1& 2 Rapid Test Specification-40 Test|box+sgot, Specification- 5x20 Ml|kit,+tissue Paper Rolls For Hospital Use Size 60 Cm X 100+ Hcv Rapid Test Specification-card, +hbsag (australia Antigen) Card+ Anti A,b & D For Blood Gr+troponin T Card S
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HIV (Viruses) ,Antigens ,Business, international - Abstract
Contract Award for Supply of hiv 1& 2 rapid test specification-40 test/box+sgot, specification- 5x20 ml/kit,+tissue paper rolls for hospital use size 60 cm x 100+ hcv rapid test specification-card, +hbsag [...]
- Published
- 2023
3. Current Trends in Validating Antibody Specificities for ELISpot by Western Blotting.
- Author
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Kurien BT and Scofield RH
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- Antibody Specificity, Blotting, Western, Cytokines, Antibodies, Antigens
- Abstract
The enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay is a highly useful and sensitive method to detect total immunoglobulin and antigen-specific antibody-secreting cells. In addition, this method can measure biological activity and immunological secretions from immune cells. In general, membrane-bound antigen allows binding of antibody secreted by B cells, or a membrane-bound analyte-specific antibody binds to the specific analyte (e.g., cytokines) elicited from cells added to the well containing the bound antibody. The response from added cells is then detected by using an anti-Ig antibody and a colorimetric substrate, while in the case of non-B cells, the elicited antigen is detected with appropriate antibodies and enzyme-conjugated antibodies. Specificity of antibodies binding the protein of interest is necessary to achieve correct results. Western blotting can be used for this with/without siRNA knockdown of proteins of interest or with the use of peptide inhibitors to inhibit the binding of specific antibodies to the target protein. Despite its general simplicity, western blotting is a powerful technique for immunodetection of proteins (notably low abundance proteins) as it provides simultaneous resolution of multiple immunogenic antigens within a sample for detection by specific antibodies. Now, we have plethora of immunoblotting methods to validate antibodies for ELISpot., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
4. Dried serum spots on pre-punched filter paper discs are ready-to-use storage and shipping devices for blood-borne antigens and antibodies.
- Author
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Billinger, Kira, Okai, Charles A., Russ, Manuela, Koy, Cornelia, Röwer, Claudia, Opuni, Kwabena F.M., Illges, Harald, Pecks, Ulrich, and Glocker, Michael O.
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FILTER paper , *WESTERN immunoblotting , *POLYACRYLAMIDE gel electrophoresis , *IMMUNOGLOBULINS , *ANTIGENS , *BLOOD proteins , *DIAGNOSTIC specimens - Abstract
Dried serum spots that are well prepared can be attractive alternatives to frozen serum samples for shelving specimens in a medical or research center's biobank and mailing freshly prepared serum to specialized laboratories. During the pre-analytical phase, complications can arise which are often challenging to identify or are entirely overlooked. These complications can lead to reproducibility issues, which can be avoided in serum protein analysis by implementing optimized storage and transfer procedures. With a method that ensures accurate loading of filter paper discs with donor or patient serum, a gap in dried serum spot preparation and subsequent serum analysis shall be filled. Pre-punched filter paper discs with a 3 mm diameter are loaded within seconds in a highly reproducible fashion (approximately 10% standard deviation) when fully submerged in 10 μl of serum, named the "Submerge and Dry" protocol. Such prepared dried serum spots can store several hundred micrograms of proteins and other serum components. Serum-borne antigens and antibodies are reproducibly released in 20 μl elution buffer in high yields (approximately 90%). Dried serum spot-stored and eluted antigens kept their epitopes and antibodies their antigen binding abilities as was assessed by SDS-PAGE, 2D gel electrophoresis-based proteomics, and Western blot analysis, suggesting pre-punched filter paper discs as handy solution for serological tests. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. A research paper from COGNANO with co-authors from Google on a large-scale dataset of antigen-antibody interactions was accepted by NeurIPS 2023
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Biological products ,Viral antibodies ,Antigens ,Machine learning ,Antibodies ,Business ,Business, international - Abstract
A new dataset for predicting antigen-antibody interactions, published in the prestigious machine learning conference NeurIPS 2023, will help accelerate AI drug discovery KYOTO, Japan -- Antibodies are the most important [...]
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- 2023
6. Supply Of Lab Reagents And Chemicals Surgical Goods And X-ray Films & Bmw S. Bilrubin Kit, Sgot Kit, Sgpt Kit, Triglyceride Kit, Malaria Antigen Card, Cholestrol Kit, Widal Kit, Ketodiostic, Microtips, Glass Slides, Ecg Paper Roll, Ecg Gelly, Sodium Ci
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Dextrose ,Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ,Antigens ,Malaria ,Glucose ,Chemical tests and reagents ,Triglycerides ,Albumin ,Business, international - Abstract
Tenders are invited for Supply Of Lab Reagents And Chemicals Surgical Goods And X-Ray Films & Bmw S. Bilrubin Kit, Sgot Kit, Sgpt Kit, Triglyceride Kit, Malaria Antigen Card, Cholestrol [...]
- Published
- 2023
7. Paper-Based Biosensors for COVID-19: A Review of Innovative Tools for Controlling the Pandemic
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Ana P.M. Tavares, Cristina E. A. Sousa, Rodrigo Martins, Maria Teresa Cruz, Ana C. Marques, Elvira Fortunato, Felismina T.C. Moreira, M. Goreti F. Sales, A. Rita Cardoso, Tomás Pinheiro, Ana Matos, and Universidade do Minho
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Diagnostic methods ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Computer science ,General Chemical Engineering ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Immunology ,02 engineering and technology ,Viral antigen ,Peptides and proteins ,Diagnostic tools ,01 natural sciences ,Biopolymers ,Pandemic ,Medical diagnosis ,Antigens ,QD1-999 ,Science & Technology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,010401 analytical chemistry ,General Chemistry ,Paper based ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,3. Good health ,Chemistry ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Perspective ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The appearance and quick spread of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease, COVID-19, brought major societal challenges. Importantly, suitable medical diagnosis procedures and smooth clinical management of the disease are an emergent need, which must be anchored on novel diagnostic methods and devices. Novel molecular diagnostic tools relying on nucleic acid amplification testing have emerged globally and are the current gold standard in COVID-19 diagnosis. However, the need for widespread testing methodologies for fast, effective testing in multiple epidemiological scenarios remains a crucial step in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Biosensors have previously shown the potential for cost-effective and accessible diagnostics, finding applications in settings where conventional, laboratorial techniques may not be readily employed. Paper- and cellulose-based biosensors can be particularly relevant in pandemic times, for the renewability, possibility of mass production with sustainable methodologies, and safe environmental disposal. In this review, paper-based devices and platforms targeting SARS-CoV-2 are showcased and discussed, as a means to achieve quick and low-cost PoC diagnosis, including detection methodologies for viral genomic material, viral antigen detection, and serological antibody testing. Devices targeting inflammatory markers relevant for COVID-19 are also discussed, as fast, reliable bedside diagnostic tools for patient treatment and follow-up., The authors acknowledge funding through projects Eco2Covid (POCI-01-02B7-FEDER-068174) and TecniCov (POCI-01-02B7-FEDER-069745), co-funded by FEDER through COMPETE2020 and Lisboa2020. T.P., A.R.C. and A.C.M. acknowledge funding to National Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., FCT, through their PhD grants, references DFA/BD/8606/2020, SFRH/BD/130107/2017 and SFRH/BD/115173/2016, respectively, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2021
8. Supply Of Microbiology Lab Reagents And Disposables Items Abo Antigen Kit,aslo Test Kit,barium Chloride,blood Group Kit A,b,& D,blood Sugar Strip,capillary Tube,cbc Paper Roll,chest Electrode,chicken Gunia,cover Slip,dengue Card Rapid Ag,dengue Card Rapi
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HIV testing ,Dengue ,Antigens ,Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ,Blood sugar ,Chemical tests and reagents ,Microbiology ,Barium ,Business, international - Abstract
Tenders are invited for Supply of microbiology lab reagents and disposables items abo antigen kit,aslo test kit,barium chloride,blood group kit a,b,& d,blood sugar strip,capillary tube,cbc paper roll,chest electrode,chicken gunia,cover slip,dengue [...]
- Published
- 2022
9. Supply Of Microbiology Pathology Disposable Itemsabo Antigen Kit, Aslo Test Kit (slide Test), Barium Chloride, Blood Group Kit A, Capillary Tube100x10, Cbc Paper Roll, Chest Electrode (disposable), Chicken Gunia Igg|igm (rapid ), Cover Slip -18mmx18mm. 2
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Antigens ,Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ,Microbiology ,Barium ,Business, international - Abstract
Tenders are invited for Supply of microbiology pathology disposable itemsabo antigen kit, aslo test kit (slide test), barium chloride, blood group kit a, capillary tube100x10, cbc paper roll, chest electrode [...]
- Published
- 2022
10. Supply Of Kits For Estimation Of Albumin, Kits For Estimation Of Cholesterol, Erba Wash Kit 4 X 50 Ml, Filter Paper 125 Mm, Kit For Testing Malarial Antigen In Blood ( Kit Of 50 Tests) Para Check Rapid, Kits For Estimation Of Protein, Kits For Estimation
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Cholesterol ,Uric acid ,Antigens ,Malaria ,Albumin ,Business, international - Abstract
Tenders are invited for Supply of kits for estimation of albumin, kits for estimation of cholesterol, erba wash kit 4 x 50 ml, filter paper 125 mm, kit for testing [...]
- Published
- 2023
11. Biobohemia Pushes Forward Antigenic Essence Technology in Released Paper
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Antigens ,Cancer vaccines ,General interest ,News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
CAMBRIDGE: Biobohemia, Inc. has issued the following news release: Biobohemia's scientists share in a released paper ('Changing Landscape of Cancer Vaccines-Novel Proteomics Platform for New Antigen Compositions') the experience gained [...]
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- 2022
12. Gold-based paper for antigen detection of monkeypox virus.
- Author
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Ye, Liya, Lei, Xianlu, Xu, Xinxin, Xu, Liguang, Kuang, Hua, and Xu, Chuanlai
- Subjects
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MONKEYPOX , *VACCINIA , *VIRUS diseases , *VIRAL proteins , *SARS-CoV-2 , *ANTIGENS , *PLANT viruses - Abstract
In 2022, the outbreak of the monkeypox virus occurred in many non-endemic countries, and the World Health Organization (WHO) assessed that this outbreak was "atypical". The establishment of a rapid and effective assay that can be used for the early diagnosis of monkeypox virus infection is crucial for outbreak prevention and control. In this study, the monkeypox virus A29 protein and the homologous vaccinia virus A27 protein and cowpox virus 162 protein were expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 for screening. We synthesized the monkeypox virus A2917–49 peptide as the immunogen and obtained 25 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the A29 protein using mouse hybridoma techniques. Then an immunochromatographic test strip method for detecting A29 was established. The strips utilizing mAb-7C5 and 5D8 showed the best sensitivity and lowest limit of detection: 50 pg mL−1 for purified A29 and specificity tests showed that the strips did not cross-react with other orthopox viruses (vaccinia virus or cowpox virus) as well as common respiratory pathogens (SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and influenza B). Therefore, this method can be used for early and rapid diagnosis of monkeypox virus infection by antigen detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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13. Electrochemical microfluidic paper-based analytical device for label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen by LDH redox probe.
- Author
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Ehzari, Hosna, Safari, Meysam, Hallaj, Rahman, and Amiri, Masoud
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SARS-CoV-2 , *LAYERED double hydroxides , *NICOTIANA benthamiana , *ANTIGENS , *OXIDATION-reduction reaction - Abstract
[Display omitted] • A µPAD was introduced for quantitative detection of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen employing electrocatalytic activity of the Ni Fe layered double hydroxide. • TO evaluate the applicability of the proposed sensor, nasopharyngeal swabs samples in COVID-19 patient samples collected. • The µPES displayed the attributes of low cost , reliability, selectivity, and high sensitivity for low-level detection of the target. In the offered study, the proposed sensor combined the innovative disposable microfluidic paper-based immunosensor and cost-effective plant-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody CR3022, expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. An electrochemical microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) was introduced for quantitative detection of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen employing electrocatalytic activity of the Ni Fe layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH). Its electrocatalytic activity asthe platform of proposed the analytical device enhanced the signal output via redox-recycling of the species the ferri/ferrocyanide [Fe(CN) 6 ]3-/4- in solution and is applied to µPAD response signal. Layered NiFe double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets with a suitable redox potential were prepared by incorporating Fe into the Ni-based LDH. With the help of Fe, the charge-transfer kinetics for the reduction of Ni3+ to Ni2+ was improved and the formation of unwanted Ni components with higher oxidation state was suppressed. The incorporated Fe as the electron transfer mediator enhanced the process of Ni(OH) 2 /NiOOH redox cycle. Under the optimum conditions, the dependency of impedance signal and SARS-CoV-2 concentration showed a linear region from 10 fg/mL-5 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.23 fg/mL. This Paper-based immunosensor device also showed long stability and good reproducibility, which can be used for the quantitative assay of the SARS-CoV-2. The results of nasal samples analysis revealed the applicability of the resulting biosensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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14. Paper-based electrochemical immunosensor for label-free detection of multiple avian influenza virus antigens using flexible screen-printed carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane electrodes.
- Author
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Lee, Daesoon, Bhardwaj, Jyoti, and Jang, Jaesung
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AVIAN influenza A virus , *CARBON electrodes , *AVIAN influenza , *ANTIGENS , *GOLD electrodes , *IMMUNE complexes - Abstract
Many studies have been conducted on measuring avian influenza viruses and their hemagglutinin (HA) antigens via electrochemical principles; most of these studies have used gold electrodes on ceramic, glass, or silicon substrates, and/or labeling for signal enhancement. Herein, we present a paper-based immunosensor for label-free measurement of multiple avian influenza virus (H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2) antigens using flexible screen-printed carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane electrodes. These flexible electrodes on a paper substrate can complement the physical weakness of the paper-based sensors when wetted, without affecting flexibility. The relative standard deviation of the peak currents was 1.88% when the electrodes were repeatedly bent and unfolded twenty times with deionized water provided each cycle, showing the stability of the electrodes. For the detection of HA antigens, approximately 10-μl samples (concentration: 100 pg/ml–100 ng/ml) were needed to form the antigen–antibody complexes during 20–30 min incubation, and the immune responses were measured via differential pulse voltammetry. The limits of detections were 55.7 pg/ml (0.95 pM) for H5N1 HA, 99.6 pg/ml (1.69 pM) for H7N9 HA, and 54.0 pg/ml (0.72 pM) for H9N2 HA antigens in phosphate buffered saline, and the sensors showed good selectivity and reproducibility. Such paper-based sensors are economical, flexible, robust, and easy-to-manufacture, with the ability to detect several avian influenza viruses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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15. A Flexible Paper-based Electrochemical Immunosensor Towards Detection of Carbohydrate Antigen 15-3.
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Hosseinzadeh, Laleh, Fattahi, Ali, and Khoshroo, Alireza
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CARBOHYDRATES ,ANTIGENS ,ELECTROCHEMICAL sensors ,IMPEDANCE spectroscopy ,CYCLIC voltammetry - Abstract
In this paper, we developed a simple and disposable electrochemical paper-based immunosensor (e-PI) based on manual screen printing method via patterned sticker label film on paper. The proposed electrochemical sensors provide the opportunity for economical singleuse analysis of biological samples. The e-PI was constructed with hydrophobic glossy paper layers on a wax paper substrate to define three-electrode system. A carbon ink was used for construction of e-PI which composed of the graphite powder and cellulose acetate. The stability of the e-PI was evaluated using electrochemical methods. Carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) antibodies to the target CA15-3 antigen were immobilized on gold-modified graphite electrodes on the e-PI. Electrochemical properties of e-PI were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The fabricated e-PI offers a vast linear range from 0.5 to 200 U mL-1 with a low limit of detection 0.15 U mL-1. Furthermore, the fabricated e-PI has acceptable stability, accuracy and high sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
16. Electrochemical paper-based antigen sensing platform using plant-derived monoclonal antibody for detecting SARS-CoV-2.
- Author
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Jaewjaroenwattana, Jutamas, Phoolcharoen, Waranyoo, Pasomsub, Ekawat, Teengam, Prinjaporn, and Chailapakul, Orawon
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MONOCLONAL antibodies , *SARS-CoV-2 , *SALIVA , *ANTIGENS , *COVID-19 testing , *FUNCTIONAL groups - Abstract
The current approaches of diagnostic platforms for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infections mostly relied on adapting the existing technology. In this work, a simple and low-cost electrochemical sensing platform for detecting SAR-CoV-2 antigen was established. The proposed sensor combined the innovative disposable paper-based immunosensor and cost-effective plant-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody CR3022, expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. The cellulose nanocrystal was modified on screen-printed graphene electrode to provide the abundant COOH functional groups on electrode surface, leading to the high ability for antibody immobilization. The quantification of the presence receptor binding domain (RBD) spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 was performed using differential pulse voltammetry by monitoring the changing current of [Fe(CN) 6 ]3-/4- redox solution. The current change of [Fe(CN) 6 ]3-/4- before and after the presence of target RBD could be clearly distinguished, providing a linear relationship with RBD concentration in the range from 0.1 pg/mL to 500 ng/mL with the minimum limit of detection of 2.0 fg/mL. The proposed platform was successfully applied to detect RBD in nasopharyngeal swab samples with satisfactory results. Furthermore, the paper-based immunosensor was extended to quantify the RBD level in spiked saliva samples, demonstrating the broadly applicability of this system. This electrochemical paper-based immunosensor has the potential to be employed as a point-of-care testing for COVID-19 diagnosis. [Display omitted] • The electrochemical paper-based device integrated with a label-free immunoassay was developed for detecting SARS-CoV-2. • A novel plant-based mAb CR3022 offers a remarkable simplicity and cost-effectiveness in terms of Ab production. • CNC containing the abundant COOH functional groups has the potential to be used as the immobilizing material. • The proposed immunosensor was successfully applied to detect SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal swabs and saliva samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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17. New Findings on Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever from Jamia Hamdard Summarized (Paper-based Aptasensor for Electrochemical Detection of Polyvalent Antigen of Dengue Virus).
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DENGUE viruses ,DENGUE hemorrhagic fever ,ANTIGENS ,MOSQUITO-borne diseases ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,RNA viruses - Abstract
A recent report from Jamia Hamdard in New Delhi, India, discusses the development of a paper-based aptasensor for the detection of all serotypes of the Dengue virus (DENV). The aptasensor is simple, low-cost, reproducible, and disposable, making it suitable for point-of-care diagnostic applications. The research team used a three-electrode system with a silver/zinc nanocomposite as the working electrode and employed aptamers to enhance the sensor's functioning. The aptasensor demonstrated a broad linear range of 0.1-1000 μg/ml for the DENV virus, with a limit of detection of 0.1 μg/ml. This research provides a sensitive and cost-effective diagnostic tool for detecting multiple serotypes of DENV, particularly in rural areas with limited resources. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
18. B-Cell Epitope Predictions Using Computational Methods.
- Author
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Zheng D, Liang S, and Zhang C
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- Humans, Epitope Mapping methods, Computational Biology methods, Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte, Antigens
- Abstract
Identifying protein antigenic epitopes that are recognizable by antibodies is a key step in immunologic research. This type of research has broad medical applications, such as new immunodiagnostic reagent discovery, vaccine design, and antibody design. However, due to the countless possibilities of potential epitopes, the experimental search through trial and error would be too costly and time-consuming to be practical. To facilitate this process and improve its efficiency, computational methods were developed to predict both linear epitopes and discontinuous antigenic epitopes. For linear B-cell epitope prediction, many methods were developed, including PREDITOP, PEOPLE, BEPITOPE, BepiPred, COBEpro, ABCpred, AAP, BCPred, BayesB, BEOracle/BROracle, BEST, LBEEP, DRREP, iBCE-EL, SVMTriP, etc. For the more challenging yet important task of discontinuous epitope prediction, methods were also developed, including CEP, DiscoTope, PEPITO, ElliPro, SEPPA, EPITOPIA, PEASE, EpiPred, SEPIa, EPCES, EPSVR, etc. In this chapter, we will discuss computational methods for B-cell epitope predictions of both linear and discontinuous epitopes. SVMTriP and EPCES/EPCSVR, the most successful among the methods for each type of the predictions, will be used as model methods to detail the standard protocols. For linear epitope prediction, SVMTriP was reported to achieve a sensitivity of 80.1% and a precision of 55.2% with a fivefold cross-validation based on a large dataset, yielding an AUC of 0.702. For discontinuous or conformational B-cell epitope prediction, EPCES and EPCSVR were both benchmarked by a curated independent test dataset in which all antigens had no complex structures with the antibody. The identified epitopes by these methods were later independently validated by various biochemical experiments. For these three model methods, webservers and all datasets are publicly available at http://sysbio.unl.edu/SVMTriP , http://sysbio.unl.edu/EPCES/ , and http://sysbio.unl.edu/EPSVR/ ., (© 2023. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2023
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19. Analytical Method for Experimental Validation of Computer-Designed Antibody.
- Author
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Tanabe A and Tsumoto K
- Subjects
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Kinetics, Computers, Antibodies, Antigens
- Abstract
In the computational design of antibodies, the interaction analysis between target antigen and antibody is an essential process to obtain feedback for validation and optimization of the design. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters as well as binding affinity (K
D ) allow for a more detailed evaluation and understanding of the molecular recognition. In this chapter, we summarize the conventional experimental methods which can calculate KD value (ELISA, FP), analyze a binding activity to actual cells (FCM), and evaluate the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters (ITC, SPR, BLI), including high-throughput analysis and a recently developed experimental technique., (© 2023. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Heat-induced antigen retrieval utilizing modified Tris-EDTA buffer for reprobing of Western blots on nitrocellulose paper.
- Author
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Wang, Jun-Ling, Xu, Ze-Ting, Zhan, Ling, Liao, Min, and Xu, Chao-Jin
- Subjects
- *
WESTERN immunoblotting , *NITROCELLULOSE , *ANTIGENS , *VINCULIN , *CHELATING agents , *CASPASES - Abstract
The development of heat-induced antigen retrieval technologies with Tris-EDTA buffer has dramatically improved immunostaining of specific antigens for routine immunohistochemical detection (Krenacs et al., 2010) [1]. However, little evidence exists on whether heat-Induced antigen retrieval utilizing Tris-EDTA buffer can strip western blot (WB) membranes and allow sequential reprobing. Here, we serendipitously discover that ∼95 °C Tris-EDTA buffer with 0.01% Tween 20 could repeatedly strip the Nitrocellulose membranes (NC). After electroblotting, NC blots were soaked into Tris-EDTA stripping buffer (∼95 °C, 10–25min) and we could perform at least five rounds (the following antibodies used: Vinculin, Atg7, Caspase-3, UBA5, JNK and ERK1/2) stripping in sequential chemiluminescent detections. The NC membranes also show clear western signals and background without losing transferred proteins during the reprobing process of WB. Hence, this study report additional new roles of the heat-Induced antigen retrieval Tris-EDTA buffer with 0.01% Tween 20. The method is simpler, more affordable and harmless for the nitrocellulose paper, which will be helpful for effective reprobing in western blotting applications. [Display omitted] • We discover that heat-induced antigen retrieval technologies can strip the NC blots repeatedly up to 5 times. • Modified stripping protocol is composed of 0.1 M Tris, 0.01 M EDTA and 0.01% Tween-20 (pH 9.0–9.5). • The stripping buffer is easier and more efficient for probing different proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Simultaneous phenotyping of five Rh red blood cell antigens on a paper-based analytical device combined with deep learning for rapid and accurate interpretation.
- Author
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Larpant, Nutcha, Niamsi, Wisanu, Noiphung, Julaluk, Chanakiat, Wipada, Sakuldamrongpanich, Tasanee, Kittichai, Veerayuth, Tongloy, Teerawat, Chuwongin, Santhad, Boonsang, Siridech, and Laiwattanapaisal, Wanida
- Subjects
- *
DEEP learning , *BLOOD group antigens , *ABO blood group system , *ERYTHROCYTES , *ANTIGENS , *BLOOD groups , *CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks , *BLOOD transfusion - Abstract
Both the ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups play crucial roles in blood transfusion medicine. Herein, we report a simple and low-cost paper-based analytical device (PAD) for phenotyping red blood cell (RBC) antigens. Using this Rh typing format, 5 Rh antigens on RBCs can be simultaneously detected and macroscopically visualized within 12 min. The proposed Rh phenotyping relies on the presence or absence of hemagglutination in the sample zones after immobilizing the antibodies targeting each Rh antigen. The PAD was optimized in terms of filter paper type, antibodies, and distance of the visualization zone. In this study, the optimal conditions were Whatman filter paper Grade 4; anti-D, –C, -E, -c, and -e antibodies; RBC suspension of 30%; and a visualization zone of 1 cm above the sample zone. The accuracy of simultaneously phenotyping the five Rh RBC antigens in the blood samples (n = 4692) was 99.19%, comparable with the accuracy of the gold-standard tube method used by blood bank laboratories in several regions of Thailand. Furthermore, decision making based on this method can be assisted by deep learning. After implementing a two-stage objective detection algorithm (YOLO v4-tiny) and classification model (DenseNet-201), the ambiguous images (n = 48) were interpreted with 100% accuracy. The PAD integrated with customized-region convolutional neural networks can reduce the interpretation discrepancies in RBC antigen phenotyping in any laboratory. [Display omitted] • Five Rh antigens typing PADs combined with deep learning algorithm for an assisted human-decision. • Rh antigens typing PADs were tested with real blood samples and compared with the standard tube method. • Dataset of photographs following Rh PADs testing were trained and evaluated by the in-house deep learning platform CiRA CORE. • Misinterpretation caused by weak or ambiguous reactions was solved by the CiRA CORE platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. An automated fast-flow/delayed paper-based platform for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus core antigen.
- Author
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Boonkaew, Suchanat, Yakoh, Abdulhadee, Chuaypen, Nattaya, Tangkijvanich, Pisit, Rengpipat, Sirirat, Siangproh, Weena, and Chailapakul, Orawon
- Subjects
- *
HEPATITIS C virus , *HEPATITIS B virus , *HEPATITIS associated antigen , *BIOLOGICAL assay , *ANTIGENS , *BIOMARKERS - Abstract
Electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) are useful analytical devices that serve as point-of-care testing (POCT) devices for various clinical biomarkers in view of their simplicity, portability, and low-cost format. However, multistep reagent manipulation usually restricts the performance of the device for end users. Herein, we developed a sequential ePAD for sequential immunosensing fluid delivery by integrating dual flow behaviors (fast-flow/delayed) within a single paper platform for the simultaneous detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C core antigen (HCVcAg). In the present work, a fast-flow channel was used for the automated washing of unbound antigens, while a delayed channel was created to store a redox reagent for further electrochemical analysis with a single buffer loading (the analysis time can be completed within 500 s). Hence, the undesirable complex procedure of multi-step reagent manipulation is scarcely needed by the user. The detection limit of the proposed ePAD was as low as 18.2 pg mL−1 for HBsAg and 1.19 pg mL−1 for HCVcAg. In addition, this proposed ePAD was also proven to be effective in real clinical sera from patients to verify its biological applicability. The ePAD sensor shows high promise as an easy-to-use, portable, and extendable sensor for other multiplex biological assays. [Display omitted] • ePAD for simultaneous HBsAg and HCVcAg was created. • First time employment of dual flow behaviors on ePAD for hepatitis markers sensing. • ePAD shows an easy to use, portability, and broad sensing applicability. • The sensor was applied to detect hepatitis markers in real clinical sera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Ternary Nanostructure Coupling Flip-Flap Origami-Based Aptasensor for the Detection of Dengue Virus Antigens.
- Author
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Hasan, Mohd. Rahil, Singh, Saumitra, Sharma, Pradakshina, Rawat, Chhaya, Khanuja, Manika, Pilloton, Roberto, and Narang, Jagriti
- Subjects
VIRAL antigens ,DENGUE viruses ,ANTIGENS ,TRANSMISSION electron microscopes ,SCANNING electron microscopes ,DEVELOPING countries ,FENITROTHION - Abstract
There is currently a lot of interest in the construction of point-of-care devices stemming from paper-based origami biosensors. These devices demonstrate how paper's foldability permits the construction of sensitive, selective, user-friendly, intelligent, and maintainable analytical devices for the detection of several ailments. Herein, the first example of the electrochemical aptasensor-based polyvalent dengue viral antigen detection using the origami paper-folding method is presented. Coupling it with an aptamer leads to the development of a new notation known as OBAs, or origami-based aptasensor, that presents a multitude of advantages to the developed platform, such as assisting in safeguarding the sample from air-dust particles, providing confidentiality, and providing a closed chamber to the electrodes. In this paper, gold-decorated nanocomposites of zinc and graphene oxide (Au/ZnO/GO) were synthesized via the chemical method, and characterization was conducted by Scanning Electron Microscope, Transmission Electron Microscope, UV-Vis, and XRD which reveals the successful formation of nanocomposites, mainly helping to enhance the signal and specificity of the sensor by employing aptamers, since isolation and purification procedures are not required. The biosensor that is being demonstrated here is affordable, simple, and efficient. The reported biosensor is an OBA detection of polyvalent antigens of the dengue virus in human serum, presenting a good range from 0.0001 to 0.1 mg/mL with a limit of detection of 0.0001 mg/mL. The reported single-folding ori-aptasensor demonstrates exceptional sensitivity, specificity, and performance in human serum assays, and can also be used for the POC testing of various viral infections in remote areas and underdeveloped countries, as well as being potentially effective during outbreaks. Highlights: (1) First report on origami-based aptasensors for the detection of polyvalent antigens of DENV; (2) In-house construction of low-cost origami-based setup; (3) Gold-decorated zinc/graphene nanocomposite characterization was confirmed via FESEM/UV-Vis/FTIR; (4) Cross-reactivity of dengue-aptamer has been deduced; (5) Electrochemical validation was conducted through CV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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24. Title of presented paper: Rhnull -- a golden blood.
- Author
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Orczyk, Michał and Orzechowska, Martyna
- Subjects
BLOOD groups ,ANTIGENS ,PHENOTYPES ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS - Abstract
Introduction and aim. The Rh blood group system consists of at least 61 independent antigens. It was first described in 1939 and has since played a key role in blood group differentiation. The classical division distinguishes Rh+ and Rh- groups, however, an atypical phenotype known as Rhnull is also present, which is associated with the formation of all-antibodies on contact with Rh antigens, which can pose a significant problem in patients who have it and require blood transfusions. Material and methods. Four case reports and one review paper were used. The articles are from 1992-2020. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were used. Key words used in the search were blood transfusion, golden blood and Rhnull. Analysis of literature. The Rhnull blood phenotype (also called "golden blood") is a rare blood type with a prevalence of about 1 in 6 million people. To date, at least 43 individuals belonging to 14 families with the Rhnull phenotype are known, with reports in the literature up to 2018. A mutation in the RHCE gene is most often responsible for its formation. The characteristic feature of "golden blood" is the absence of all Rh antigens on red blood cells. Previous reports indicate its role in the development of hemolytic anemia secondary to a defect in the erythrocyte cell membrane. Conclusion. The presence of rare blood phenotypes can pose a significant problem in the process of blood transfusion in patients. Blood marriages, common in eastern countries and Africa, play an important role in the formation of the Rhnull phenotype, which is more common there compared to other regions of the world. Further genetic studies are needed to find the mutations underlying the development of Rh group incompatibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
25. Application of chimeric antigens to paper-based diagnostics for detection of West Nile virus infections of Crocodylus porosus: a novel animal test case.
- Subjects
WEST Nile fever ,ANIMAL experimentation ,JAPANESE encephalitis viruses ,ANTIGENS ,WEST Nile virus - Abstract
A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the development of a novel diagnostic test for West Nile virus (WNV) infections in crocodiles. The researchers created a lateral flow assay (LFA) using chimeric viral antigens derived from the Binjari virus (BinJV) and modified to display the outer proteins of WNV. The LFA demonstrated 100% sensitivity and specificity in detecting WNV seroconversion in crocodiles, with results obtained in less than 15 minutes. The researchers suggest that this method could be adapted for detecting vector-borne virus infections in humans and other animals. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
26. Blood Grouping by Seed Extract: An Innovative Approach in Forensic Science.
- Author
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Shrivastav, Kajal and Manhas, Sakshi
- Abstract
Background: Blood grouping is a fundamental technique in forensic science, aiding in the identification of individuals involved in criminal investigations and accidents. This research paper introduces a pioneering method that employs plant seed extracts for blood grouping, aiming to revolutionize the field by providing a novel and cost-effective approach. The context and purpose of the study revolve around addressing the limitations of traditional blood grouping methods and exploring the feasibility of utilizing natural compounds present in seeds to determine blood types accurately. The study's primary focus was to investigate the potential of various seed extracts to agglutinate or inhibit the agglutination of blood samples. By conducting extensive experiments and analyses, the research uncovered significant findings. Certain seed extracts exhibited remarkable specificity in agglutinating with distinct blood types, mimicking the reaction patterns seen in conventional blood grouping systems. Conversely, other seed extracts demonstrated inhibitory effects on agglutination, further enhancing the discriminatory power of the approach. This research thus establishes a clear correlation between seed extracts and blood types, demonstrating their potential for accurate blood grouping. Results: In summary, this paper presents a groundbreaking advancement in forensic science by proposing a new perspective on blood grouping using natural seed extracts. The technique's simplicity and cost-effectiveness make it particularly appealing for implementation in resource-constrained settings. Additionally, the ability to utilize common plant seeds found in various geographical regions enhances its practicality and accessibility. Furthermore, the results suggest that this innovative approach has the potential to complement existing blood grouping methods, providing an additional tool for forensic experts to employ. Conclusions: The implications of this research are substantial for both forensic science and criminal investigations. The proposed seed extract-based blood grouping method could substantially expedite the identification process, aiding law enforcement agencies and forensic practitioners. Moreover, its applicability in situations where traditional methods are unavailable or impractical, such as in remote locations or developing countries, underscores its significance. Overall, this study not only introduces a cutting-edge technique for blood grouping but also paves the way for future research avenues in exploring the potential of natural compounds in forensic science applications. In conclusion, this research marks a significant step forward in the realm of blood grouping techniques. The study's findings open up new possibilities for innovative approaches in forensic science and offer promising avenues for enhancing accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility in the field of blood type determination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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27. Peter J. Diggle's discussion contribution to the papers in Session 3 of the Royal Statistical Society's Special Topic Meeting on Covid‐19 Transmission: 11 June 2021.
- Author
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Diggle, Peter J.
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,COMMUNITIES ,SARS-CoV-2 ,VACCINATION ,ANTIGENS - Abstract
Several authors have mentioned the importance of allowing for the susceptible proportion of the population. Firstly, while we do know local vaccination numbers, accurate estimation of asymptomatic or mildly asymptomatic case-numbers is problematic, even with the availability of data from high-quality randomised prevalence surveys such as the REACT study (Riley et al., [1]). Peter J. Diggle's discussion contribution to the papers in Session 3 of the Royal Statistical Society's Special Topic Meeting on Covid-19 Transmission: 11 June 2021. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2022
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28. Electrochemical immunoassay for detection of hepatitis C virus core antigen using electrode modified with Pt-decorated single-walled carbon nanotubes.
- Author
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Pusomjit, Pannaporn, Teengam, Prinjaporn, Chuaypen, Natthaya, Tangkijvanich, Pisit, Thepsuparungsikul, Nichanan, and Chailapakul, Orawon
- Subjects
CARBON nanotubes ,HEPATITIS C virus ,PLATINUM electrodes ,IMMUNOASSAY ,ANTIGENS ,ELECTRODES ,DETECTION limit - Abstract
Pt nanoparticles deposited on single-walled carbon nanotubes (PtSWCNTs), synthesized via the deposition precipitation (DP) method, were introduced as a substrate for immobilizing antibodies on an electrode surface and then enhancing the electrochemical sensitivity. A PtSWCNT-modified paper-based screen-printed graphene electrode was successfully developed to diagnose hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The hepatitis C virus core antigen (HCV-cAg) level was determined by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) using [Fe(CN)
6 ]3−/4− as a redox solution. In the presence of HCV-cAg, the DPV current response decreased with increasing HCV-cAg concentration. Under the optimal conditions, the change in current response provides a good linear correlation with the logarithm of HCV-cAg concentration in the range 0.05 to 1000 pg mL−1 (RSD < 5%), and the limit of detection was 0.015 pg mL−1 (or 0.71 fmol L−1 ). Furthermore, the proposed immunosensor has been utilized to quantify HCV-cAg in human serum samples with reliable results compared with standard immunoassays (% relative error < 10%). This sensor offers a simple, sensitive, selective, disposable, and inexpensive means for determination of HCV-cAg in human serum samples. The paper-based label-free immunosensor is versatile and feasible for clinical diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
29. Nanocarriers of antigen proteins for vaccine delivery.
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Lopes Chaves L, Dourado D, Prunache IB, Manuelle Marques da Silva P, Tacyana Dos Santos Lucena G, Cardoso de Souza Z, Muniz Mendes Freire de Moura P, Nunes Bordallo H, Rocha Formiga F, and de Souza Rebouças J
- Subjects
- Humans, Animals, Drug Delivery Systems methods, Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System chemistry, Vaccines administration & dosage, Vaccines immunology, Nanoparticles, Antigens administration & dosage, Antigens immunology, Antigens chemistry, Drug Carriers chemistry
- Abstract
Nanoformulations in vaccinology provide antigen stability and enhanced immunogenicity, in addition to providing targeted delivery and controlled release. In the last years, much research has been focused on vaccine development using virus-like particles, liposomes, emulsions, polymeric, lipid, and inorganic nanoparticles. Importantly, nanoparticle interactions with innate and adaptive immune systems must be clearly understood to guide the rational development of nanovaccines. This review provides a recap and updates on different aspects advocating nanoparticles as promising antigen carriers and immune cell activators for vaccination. Moreover, it offers a discussion of how the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles are modified to target specific cells and improve vaccine efficacy., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2024
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30. Systematic development of immunohistochemistry protocol for large cryosections-specific to non-perfused fetal brain.
- Author
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Pandurangan K, Jayakumar J, Savoia S, Nanda R, Lata S, Kumar EH, S S, Vasudevan S, Srinivasan C, Joseph J, Sivaprakasam M, and Verma R
- Subjects
- Humans, Animals, Immunohistochemistry, Antibodies, Brain metabolism, Tissue Fixation methods, Antigens metabolism, Formaldehyde
- Abstract
Background: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is an important technique in understanding the expression of neurochemical molecules in the developing human brain. Despite its routine application in the research and clinical setup, the IHC protocol specific for soft fragile fetal brains that are fixed using the non-perfusion method is still limited in studying the whole brain., New Method: This study shows that the IHC protocols, using a chromogenic detection system, used in animals and adult humans are not optimal in the fetal brains. We have optimized key steps from Antigen retrieval (AR) to chromogen visualization for formalin-fixed whole-brain cryosections (20 µm) mounted on glass slides., Results: We show the results from six validated, commonly used antibodies to study the fetal brain. We achieved optimal antigen retrieval with 0.1 M Boric Acid, pH 9.0 at 70°C for 20 minutes. We also present the optimal incubation duration and temperature for protein blocking and the primary antibody that results in specific antigen labeling with minimal tissue damage., Comparison With Existing Methods: The IHC protocol commonly used for adult human and animal brains results in significant tissue damage in the fetal brains with little or suboptimal antigen expression. Our new method with important modifications including the temperature, duration, and choice of the alkaline buffer for AR addresses these pitfalls and provides high-quality results., Conclusion: The optimized IHC protocol for the developing human brain (13-22 GW) provides a high-quality, repeatable, and reliable method for studying chemoarchitecture in neurotypical and pathological conditions across different gestational ages., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors of this paper declare no conflicting interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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31. Investigators at Jiangnan University Detail Findings in Monkeypox (Gold-based Paper for Antigen Detection of Monkeypox Virus).
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MONKEYPOX ,VACCINIA ,ANTIGENS ,COMMUNICABLE diseases ,DNA viruses - Published
- 2023
32. A portable immunosensor provides sensitive and rapid detection of Borrelia burgdorferi antigen in spiked blood.
- Author
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Kim, Sangsik, Samanta, Kamalika, Nguyen, Brandon T., Mata-Robles, Samantha, Richer, Luciana, Yoon, Jeong-Yeol, and Gomes-Solecki, Maria
- Subjects
BORRELIA burgdorferi ,MONOCLONAL antibodies ,ANTIGENS ,LYME disease ,DETECTION limit ,SMARTPHONES - Abstract
There are no assays for detecting B. burgdorferi antigen in blood of infected Lyme disease individuals. Here, we provide proof-of-principle evidence that we can quantify B. burgdorferi antigen in spiked blood using a portable smartphone-based fluorescence microscope that measures immunoagglutination on a paper microfluidic chip. We targeted B. burgdorferi OspA to develop a working prototype and added examples of two antigens (OspC and VlsE) that have diagnostic value for discrimination of Lyme disease stage. Using an extensively validated monoclonal antibody to OspA (LA-2), detection of OspA antigen had a broad linear range up to 100 pg/mL in 1% blood and the limit of detection (LOD) was 100 fg/mL (= 10 pg/mL in undiluted blood), which was 1000 times lower than our target of 10 ng/mL. Analysis of the two other targets was done using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. OspC antigen was detected at LOD 100 pg/mL (= 10 ng/mL of undiluted blood) and VlsE antigen was detected at LOD 1–10 pg/mL (= 0.1–1 ng/mL of undiluted blood). The method is accurate and was performed in 20 min from sample to answer. When optimized for detecting several B. burgdorferi antigens, this assay may differentiate active from past infections and facilitate diagnosis of Lyme disease in the initial weeks of infection, when antibody presence is typically below the threshold to be detected by serologic methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Proof of concept in utilizing the peptidoglycan skeleton of pathogenic bacteria as antigen delivery platform for enhanced immune response.
- Author
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Jia Z, Liu R, Chang Q, Zhou X, De X, Yang Z, Li Y, Zhang C, Wang F, and Ge J
- Subjects
- Animals, Mice, Bacteria metabolism, Immunity, Mucosal, Adjuvants, Immunologic, Vaccines, Subunit, Skeleton metabolism, Peptidoglycan, Antigens
- Abstract
Subunit vaccines are becoming increasingly important because of their safety and effectiveness. However, subunit vaccines often exhibit limited immunogenicity, necessitating the use of suitable adjuvants to elicit robust immune responses. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that pathogenic bacteria can be prepared into a purified peptidoglycan skeleton without nucleic acids and proteins, presenting bacterium-like particles (pBLP). Our results showed that the peptidoglycan skeletons screened from four pathogens could activate Toll-like receptor1/2 receptors better than bacterium-like particles from Lactococcus lactis in macrophages. We observed that pBLP was safe in mouse models of multiple ages. Furthermore, pBLP improved the performance of two commercial vaccines in vivo. We confirmed that pBLP successfully loaded antigens onto the surface and proved to be an effective antigen delivery platform with enhanced antibody titers, antibody avidity, balanced subclass distribution, and mucosal immunity. These results indicate that the peptidoglycan skeleton of pathogenic bacteria represents a new strategy for developing subunit vaccine delivery systems., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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34. Immunomodulation profile of the biosimilar trastuzumab MYL-1401O in a bioequivalence phase I study.
- Author
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Audran, R., Chtioui, H., Thierry, A. C., Mayor, C. E., Vallotton, L., Dao, K., Rothuizen, L. E., Maghraoui, A., Pennella, E. J., Brunner-Ferber, F., Buclin, T., and Spertini, F.
- Subjects
IMMUNOREGULATION ,TRASTUZUMAB ,CYTOKINES ,GRANULOCYTE-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ,ANTIGENS - Abstract
The initial Phase-I single centre, single dose, randomized, double-blind, cross-over study was planned to assess the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic bioequivalence of the trastuzumab biosimilar (MYL-1401O) compared to the reference Herceptin
® . Their respective immunomodulation profile presented in this paper involved healthy males receiving a single infusion of both monoclonals, separated by a washout period. Sixty parameters were assessed in total, including serum cytokines, peripheral mononuclear cell (PBMC) subsets, cell activation and response to recall antigens and mitogen, pre- and post- infusion, as well as a cytokine release assay (CRA) at baseline. Trastuzumab infusion induced a transient and weak peak of serum IL-6 at 6 h, and a modulation of mononuclear cell subset profile and activation level, notably CD16 + cells. Except for CD8 + T cells, there were no significant differences between Herceptin® and MYL-1401O. In CRA, PBMC stimulated with MYL-1401O or Herceptin® similarly secreted IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, and IL-10, but no or low level of IL-2. Interestingly, some observed adverse events correlated with IL-2 and IFN-γ in CRA. MYL-1401O exhibited a very similar immunomodulation profile to Herceptin® , strongly supporting its bioequivalence. This approach may thus be included in a proof-of-concept study. CRA may be used as a predictive assay for the evaluation of clinical monoclonals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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35. PCNEO, a New Proficiency Testing Program for Flow Cytometric Analysis of Plasma Cell Neoplasms From the College of American Pathologists Diagnostic Immunology and Flow Cytometry Committee.
- Author
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Dorfman, David M., Devitt, Katherine A., Wei Cui, Bashleben, Christine, Naharro, Elena C. Frye, Hedley, Benjamin, Hupp, Meghan, Karlon, William J., Murphy, Claire E., Cherian, Sindhu, Olteanu, Horatiu, Seifert, Robert P., Rosado, Flavia N., and Linden, Michael A.
- Subjects
- *
FLOW cytometry , *MULTIPLE myeloma , *ACADEMIC medical centers , *IMMUNOGLOBULIN light chains , *EVALUATION of human services programs , *GLYCOPROTEINS , *CELL lines , *PERIPHERAL circulation , *ANTIGENS , *CYTOPLASM , *MEDICAL laboratories , *QUALITY assurance , *CASE studies , *STAINS & staining (Microscopy) , *PLASMACYTOMA - Abstract
Context.--In 2018 the College of American Pathologists Diagnostic Immunology and Flow Cytometry Committee designed and implemented a new plasma cell neoplasia flow cytometry proficiency testing program--PCNEO--to allow clinical flow cytometry laboratories to monitor and assess their performance compared with a peer group. Objective.--To report the results from the first 4 years of the PCNEO program. Design.--Program participants were sent 2 sets of challenges per year, each including 1 wet challenge and 2 dry challenges, with associated clinical and laboratory findings. The wet challenges were composed of myeloma cell line specimens (with or without dilution in preserved whole blood) for flow cytometric analysis. The dry (paper) challenges were composed of clinical case summaries and images of flow cytometric test results from various flow cytometry laboratories of committee members. Results.--A total of 116 to 145 laboratories from 17 countries enrolled in the proficiency testing program. For the wet challenges, almost all participants (97%--100%; cumulative, 98.2%) correctly identified the presence of neoplastic plasma cell populations based on flow cytometric analysis of undiluted myeloma cell lines. Slightly fewer participants (89.0%--97.4%; cumulative, 95.2%) correctly identified the presence of neoplastic plasma cell populations based on flow cytometric analysis of diluted myeloma cell lines (10% or 50% dilutions into peripheral blood) intended to better represent a typical clinical sample. There was generally agreement among 80% or more of participants for positive or negative staining for CD38, CD138, CD19, CD20, and surface and cytoplasmic K and λ light chains. Similarly, 84% to 100% of participants were able to correctly identify the presence of neoplastic plasma cell populations in paper challenges, including the presence of small, neoplastic plasma cell populations (0.01%--5.0% clonal plasma cells) and the presence of nonneoplastic plasma cell populations (correctly identified by 91%--96% of participants). Conclusions.--Participant performance in the new proficiency testing program was excellent overall, with the vast majority of participants able to perform flow cytometric analysis and identify neoplastic plasma cell populations and to identify small plasma cell clones or expanded populations of reactive plasma cells in dry challenge flow cytometry results. This program will allow laboratories to verify the accuracy of their testing program and test interpretations for the assessment of patients suspected of having a plasma cell neoplasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Patent Application Titled 'Protein For Rapid, Efficient Capture Of Antigens' Published Online (USPTO 20230305002)
- Subjects
Antigens ,Health - Abstract
2023 OCT 17 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at TB & Outbreaks Week -- According to news reporting originating from Washington, D.C., by NewsRx journalists, a patent [...]
- Published
- 2023
37. Correction: Wang et al. A VLP-Based Vaccine Displaying HBHA and MTP Antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Induces Potentially Protective Immune Responses in M. tuberculosis H37Ra Infected Mice. Vaccines 2023, 11 , 941.
- Author
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Wang, Juan, Xie, Tao, Ullah, Inayat, Mi, Youjun, Li, Xiaoping, Gong, Yang, He, Pu, Liu, Yuqi, Li, Fei, Li, Jixi, Lu, Zengjun, and Zhu, Bingdong
- Subjects
MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis ,IMMUNE response ,TUBERCULOSIS ,MICE ,ANTIGENS - Abstract
Graph: Figure 7 Immunization schedule and protective efficacy of immunization with LV20 in adjuvant DP against M. tuberculosis H37Ra infection. A VLP-Based Vaccine Displaying HBHA and MTP Antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Induces Potentially Protective Immune Responses in M. tuberculosis H37Ra Infected Mice. After conducting an investigation in collaboration with the academic editors, the authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper: We changed the title of the paper from "A VLP-Based Vaccine Displaying HBHA and MTP Antigens of I Mycobacterium tuberculosis i Induces Protective Immune Responses in I M. tuberculosis i H37Ra Infected Mice" to "A VLP-Based Vaccine Displaying HBHA and MTP Antigens of I Mycobacterium tuberculosis i Induces Potentially Protective Immune Responses in I M. tuberculosis i H37Ra Infected Mice". [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Immobilized cellulose nanospheres enable rapid antigen detection in lateral flow immunoassays.
- Author
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Solin, Katariina, Beaumont, Marco, Borghei, Maryam, Orelma, Hannes, Mertens, Pascal, and Rojas, Orlando J.
- Subjects
CELLULOSE ,ANTIGEN analysis ,VIRAL antigens ,PROTEIN-protein interactions ,IMMUNOASSAY ,ANTIGENS - Abstract
Rapid diagnostic systems are essential in controlling the spread of viral pathogens and efficient patient management. The available technologies for low-cost viral antigen testing have several limitations, including a lack of accuracy and sensitivity. Here, we introduce a platform based on cellulose II nanoparticles (oppositely charged NPan and NPcat) for effective control of surface protein interactions, leading to rapid and sensitive antigen tests. Passivation against non-specific adsorption and augmented immobilization of sensing antibodies is achieved by adjusting the electrostatic charge of the nanoparticles. The interactions affecting the performance of the system are investigated by microgravimetry and confocal imaging. As a proof-of-concept test, SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid sensing was carried out by using saliva-wicking by channels that were stencil-printed on paper. We conclude that inkjet-printed NPcat elicits strong optical signals, visible after a few minutes, opening the opportunity for cost-effective and rapid diagnostic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Study Findings from University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Advance Knowledge in Animal Science (The Antigenic Structure Characterization of Oestrus Ovis Larvae).
- Subjects
ANIMAL science ,AGRICULTURAL colleges ,VETERINARY medicine ,ESTRUS ,LARVAE - Abstract
A study conducted by researchers at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine focused on the antigenic structure of Oestrus ovis larvae. The researchers used techniques such as electrophoresis, western blot, and immunoassay to identify and characterize the larval antigens. The study found that the western blot technique was more sensitive in detecting specific antigens compared to electrophoresis. The researchers concluded that the immunoassay test could be used to diagnose O. ovis infestation. For more information, readers can refer to the article "The Antigenic Structure Characterization of Oestrus Ovis Larvae" published in Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
40. Autoimmune Encephalitis.
- Author
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Lisak, Marijana, Špiljak, Bruno, and Pašić, Hanna
- Subjects
AUTOIMMUNE diseases ,ENCEPHALITIS ,NEUROINFLAMMATION ,DATABASES ,ANTIGENS - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of recent literature data for autoimmune encephalitis (AIE). AIE refers to inflammatory, non-infectious, immune-mediated encephalitis characterised by neuroinflammation, synthesis of neuronal autoantibodies (NAAs), directed against surface, synaptic and intracellular antigens, with subsequent neuronal dysfunction. It is characterised by heterogeneous anatomic-clinical syndromes and prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms. Due to overlapping of different clinical and diagnostic biomarkers, AIE is often considered diagnosis of exclusion and requires an extensive work-up. Systematic search of the term «autoimmune encephalitis» in the PubMed database was performed, with limitation set for systematic review in papers English, published from 2004-2022. Further analysis was performed by the search of the author's reference list and Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) website. The analysis was conducted according to PRISMA (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Outcomes that were sought included: AIE classification and presentation; diagnostic processing; treatment. Preset search of published systematic reviews in PubMed database, derived eighty six papers. Further screening of derived data, author's reference list and AEA website was performed, according to previously defined outcomes. Finally, sixteen papers were independently selected and thoroughly analysed, with relevant conclusions presented in this paper. AIE is a severe inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) disorder with a complex differential diagnosis that often remains unrecognised. AIE research has established a wide range of new autoimmune antibodies syndromes, clinical and diagnostic biomarkers, which have improved diagnostic approach and treatment. Initial application of immunotherapy improves the outcome of disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Protocol for a scoping review of potential vaccine candidates predicted by VaxiJen for different viral pathogens between 2017–2021.
- Author
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Salod, Zakia and Mahomed, Ozayr
- Subjects
BIOETHICS ,VACCINE development ,RESEARCH ethics ,MEDICAL research ,COMMUNICABLE diseases - Abstract
Background: Vaccination is essential for the prevention of infectious diseases and has helped to reduce disease-related mortality, such as pneumonia. However, traditional vaccine development is time-consuming and risky. Reverse vaccinology (RV) is a promising alternative to developing vaccines based on the in silico discovery of antigens, often termed 'potential vaccine candidates' (PVCs), using a pathogen's proteome. RV prediction technologies, such as VaxiJen (founded in 2007), are used to take the first step toward vaccine development. VaxiJen is used by researchers to identify PVCs for various diseases. A 10-year review of these PVCs was published in 2017. There has since been no review of viral PVCs predicted by VaxiJen from 2017 to 2021. The proposed scoping review aims to address this gap. Methods: This protocol is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 checklist. The review will employ Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage methodological framework, which was later enhanced by Levac et al. and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) reporting guideline will be utilized with this framework. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, and ProQuest One Academic will be searched using the term 'vaxijen'. The inclusion criteria will be English-only full-text original articles published in peer-reviewed journals and unpublished papers from 2017 to 2021. Rayyan will be used to deduplicate, screen titles and abstracts of articles. The articles' full texts will be examined. The data will be extracted using Microsoft Excel. Using a data charting form, data will be sifted and organized by key categories and themes. Discussion: This protocol was submitted for publication and went through an extensive peer review process. The review has implications for novel vaccine development against various viruses. The key limitation of this study is language bias due to the selection of English-only papers because of limited resources. This study will not require ethical clearance since it will use secondary data and will not include patients. Nevertheless, this research is part of a larger project that was submitted for ethical consideration to the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. This study's findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and provided to relevant stakeholders. Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework (OSF): https://osf.io/ht8wr [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Multi-perspectives and challenges in identifying B-cell epitopes.
- Author
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Kumar N, Bajiya N, Patiyal S, and Raghava GPS
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Sequence, Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte chemistry, Antigens
- Abstract
The identification of B-cell epitopes (BCEs) in antigens is a crucial step in developing recombinant vaccines or immunotherapies for various diseases. Over the past four decades, numerous in silico methods have been developed for predicting BCEs. However, existing reviews have only covered specific aspects, such as the progress in predicting conformational or linear BCEs. Therefore, in this paper, we have undertaken a systematic approach to provide a comprehensive review covering all aspects associated with the identification of BCEs. First, we have covered the experimental techniques developed over the years for identifying linear and conformational epitopes, including the limitations and challenges associated with these techniques. Second, we have briefly described the historical perspectives and resources that maintain experimentally validated information on BCEs. Third, we have extensively reviewed the computational methods developed for predicting conformational BCEs from the structure of the antigen, as well as the methods for predicting conformational epitopes from the sequence. Fourth, we have systematically reviewed the in silico methods developed in the last four decades for predicting linear or continuous BCEs. Finally, we have discussed the overall challenge of identifying continuous or conformational BCEs. In this review, we only listed major computational resources; a complete list with the URL is available from the BCinfo website (https://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/bcinfo/)., (© 2023 The Protein Society.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Flow-S: A Field-Deployable Device with Minimal Hands-On Effort to Concentrate and Quantify Schistosoma Circulating Anodic Antigen (CAA) from Large Urine Volumes.
- Author
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de Jong, Daniëlle, Carrell, Cody, Maganga, Jane K., Mhango, Loyce, Shigella, Peter S., Gill, Maddy, Shogren, Ryan, Mullins, Brianna, Warrick, Jay W., Changalucha, John M., van Dam, Govert J., Pham, Khanh, Downs, Jennifer A., and Corstjens, Paul L. A. M.
- Subjects
SCHISTOSOMA ,URINE ,CHILDBEARING age ,AGGLUTINATION tests ,DISPOSABLE medical devices ,ANTIGENS ,STATISTICAL power analysis - Abstract
A laboratory-based lateral flow (LF) test that utilizes up-converting reporter particles (UCP) for ultrasensitive quantification of Schistosoma circulating anodic antigen (CAA) in urine is a well-accepted test to identify active infection. However, this UCP-LF CAA test requires sample pre-treatment steps not compatible with field applications. Flow, a new low-cost disposable, allows integration of large-volume pre-concentration of urine analytes and LF detection into a single field-deployable device. We assessed a prototype Flow-Schistosoma (Flow-S) device with an integrated UCP-LF CAA test strip, omitting all laboratory-based steps, to enable diagnosis of active Schistosoma infection in the field using urine. Flow-S is designed for large-volume (5–20 mL) urine, applying passive paper-based filtration and antibody-based CAA concentration. Samples tested for schistosome infection were collected from women of reproductive age living in a Tanzania region where S. haematobium infection is endemic. Fifteen negative and fifteen positive urine samples, selected based on CAA levels quantified in paired serum, were analyzed with the prototype Flow-S. The current Flow-S prototype, with an analytical lower detection limit of 1 pg CAA/mL, produced results correlated with the laboratory-based UCP-LF CAA test. Urine precipitates occurred in frozen banked samples and affected accurate quantification; however, this should not occur in fresh urine. Based on the findings of this study, Flow-S appears suitable to replace the urine pre-treatment required for the laboratory-based UCP-LF CAA test, thus allowing true field-based applications with fresh urine samples. The urine precipitates observed with frozen samples, though less important given the goal of testing fresh urines, warrant additional investigation to evaluate methods for mitigation. Flow-S devices permit testing of pooled urine samples with applications for population stratified testing. A field test with fresh urine samples, a further optimized Flow-S device, and larger statistical power has been scheduled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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44. Researcher from Jamia Hamdard Details New Studies and Findings in the Area of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (Ternary Nanostructure Coupling Flip-Flap Origami-Based Aptasensor for the Detection of Dengue Virus Antigens).
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DENGUE hemorrhagic fever ,DENGUE viruses ,RESEARCH personnel ,ANTIGENS ,VIRAL antigens ,TRANSMISSION electron microscopes - Abstract
A new report from researchers at Jamia Hamdard in New Delhi, India, discusses the development of a paper-based origami biosensor for the detection of dengue virus antigens. The researchers synthesized gold-decorated nanocomposites of zinc and graphene oxide and coupled them with an aptamer to create an origami-based aptasensor. The biosensor demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity in detecting polyvalent antigens of the dengue virus in human serum. The researchers believe that this affordable and efficient biosensor could be used for point-of-care testing in remote areas and underdeveloped countries, as well as during outbreaks. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
45. Parameter estimation and identifiability analysis for a bivalent analyte model of monoclonal antibody-antigen binding.
- Author
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Nguyen K, Li K, Flores K, Tomaras GD, Dennison SM, and McCarthy JM
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- Likelihood Functions, Antibodies, Monoclonal chemistry, Surface Plasmon Resonance methods, Kinetics, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Antigens
- Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is an extensively used technique to characterize antigen-antibody interactions. Affinity measurements by SPR typically involve testing the binding of antigen in solution to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) immobilized on a chip and fitting the kinetics data using 1:1 Langmuir binding model to derive rate constants. However, when it is necessary to immobilize antigens instead of the mAbs, a bivalent analyte (1:2) binding model is required for kinetics analysis. This model is lacking in data analysis packages associated with high throughput SPR instruments and the packages containing this model do not explore multiple local minima and parameter identifiability issues that are common in non-linear optimization. Therefore, we developed a method to use a system of ordinary differential equations for analyzing 1:2 binding kinetics data. Salient features of this method include a grid search on parameter initialization and a profile likelihood approach to determine parameter identifiability. Using this method we found a non-identifiable parameter in data set collected under the standard experimental design. A simulation-guided improved experimental design led to reliable estimation of all rate constants. The method and approach developed here for analyzing 1:2 binding kinetics data will be valuable for expeditious therapeutic antibody discovery research., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. https://www.elsevier.com/declaration-of-competing-interests., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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46. Experimentally Observed Conformational Changes in Antibodies Due to Binding and Paratope-epitope Asymmetries.
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Hoffstedt M, Stein MO, Baumann K, and Wätzig H
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- Epitopes, Binding Sites, Antibody, Molecular Conformation, Protein Conformation, Antibodies, Antigens
- Abstract
Understanding binding related changes in antibody conformations is important for epitope prediction and antibody refinement. The increase of available data in the PDB allowed a more detailed investigation of the conformational landscape for free and bound antibodies. A dataset containing a total of 835 unique PDB entries of antibodies that were crystallized in complex with their antigen and in a free state was constructed. It was examined for binding related conformation changes. We present further evidence supporting the theory of a pre-existing-equilibrium in experimental data. Multiple sequence alignments did not show binding induced tendencies in the solvent accessibility of residues in any specific position. Evaluating the changes in solvent accessibility per residue revealed a certain binding induced increase for several amino acids. Antibody-antigen interaction statistics were established and quantify a significant directional asymmetry between many interacting antibody and antigen residue pairs, especially a richness in tyrosine in the antibody epitope compared to its paratope. This asymmetry could potentially facilitate an increase in the success rate of computationally guided antibody refinement., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
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- 2023
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47. Epitopes, paratopes, and other topes 30 years on: Understanding what we are talking about.
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Greenspan NS
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- Humans, Epitopes, Binding Sites, Antibody, Antigens, Antibodies
- Abstract
The question of which protein antigens, such as HLA class I or class II molecules, will bind, and how well, to a given antibody is often assumed to depend exclusively on the details of protein surface structure. These structures are usually based on static models resulting from X-ray crystallography. While these notions are useful, the ultimate causal factors determining how well a given antigen binds a given antibody are based in thermodynamics and can include atomic mobility and the time-varying conformations of proteins. In this article, fundamental biophysical principles of antibody-antigen interaction are discussed, concepts critical for a deeper understanding of the pertinent molecular phenomena are highlighted, and common misunderstandings are identified and debunked., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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48. Step-by-step full factorial design to optimize a quantitative sandwich ELISA.
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Hernández CA, Pérez-Bernal M, Abreu D, Valdivia O, Delgado M, Dorta D, Domínguez AG, Pérez ER, and Sánchez-Ríos JM
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- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods, Immunoassay, Antigens
- Abstract
In this work, a quantitative sandwich ELISA was optimized, through a full factorial design of experiments (DOE) in successive steps of a preliminary protocol obtained by the method of one factor at a time (OFAT). The specificity of the optimized ELISA, the lower limit of quantification, the quantification range and the analytical sensitivity of the antigen quantification curve were evaluated, in comparison with the curve obtained from the preliminary protocol. The full factorial DOE was linked to a simple statistical processing, which facilitates the interpretation of the results in those laboratories where there is no trained statistician. The step-by-step optimization of the ELISA and the successive incorporation into the protocol of the best combination of factors and levels, allowed obtaining a specific immunoassay, with an analytical sensitivity 20 times greater and with a lower limit of antigen quantification that decreased from 156.25 at 9.766 ng/mL. As far as we know, there are no reports of optimization of an ELISA following the step-by-step scheme used in this work. The optimized ELISA will be used for the quantification of the TT-P0 protein, the active principle of a vaccine candidate against sea lice., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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49. Pre-Clinical Safety and Immunogenicity Study of a Coronavirus Protein-Based Subunit Vaccine for COVID-19.
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Shorayeva, Kamshat, Nakhanov, Aziz, Nurpeisova, Ainur, Chervyakova, Olga, Jekebekov, Kuanysh, Abay, Zhandos, Assanzhanova, Nurika, Sadikaliyeva, Sandugash, Kalimolda, Elina, Terebay, Aibol, Moldagulova, Sabina, Absatova, Zharkinay, Tulendibayev, Ali, Kopeyev, Syrym, Nakhanova, Gulnur, Issabek, Aisha, Nurabayev, Sergazy, Kerimbayev, Aslan, Kutumbetov, Lespek, and Abduraimov, Yergali
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IMMUNE response ,COVID-19 vaccines ,CORONAVIRUSES ,VACCINE trials ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Creating an effective and safe vaccine is critical to fighting the coronavirus infection successfully. Several types of COVID-19 vaccines exist, including inactivated, live attenuated, recombinant, synthetic peptide, virus-like particle-based, DNA and mRNA-based, and sub-unit vaccines containing purified immunogenic viral proteins. However, the scale and speed at which COVID-19 is spreading demonstrate a global public demand for an effective prophylaxis that must be supplied more. The developed products promise a bright future for SARS-CoV-2 prevention; however, evidence of safety and immunogenicity is mandatory before any vaccine can be produced. In this paper, we report on the results of our work examining the safety, toxicity, immunizing dose choice, and immunogenicity of QazCoVac-P, a Kazakhstan-made sub-unit vaccine for COVID-19. First, we looked into the product's safety profile by assessing its pyrogenicity in vaccinated rabbit models and using the LAL (limulus amebocyte lysate) test. We examined the vaccine's acute and sub-chronic toxicity on BALB/c mice and rats. The vaccine did not cause clinically significant toxicity-related changes or symptoms in our toxicity experiments. Finally, we performed a double immunization of mice, ferrets, Syrian hamsters, and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). We used ELISA to measure antibody titers with the maximum mean geometric titer of antibodies in the animals' blood sera totaling approximately 8 log2. The results of this and other studies warrant recommending the QazCoVac-P vaccine for clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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50. PSMA and Choline PET for the Assessment of Response to Therapy and Survival Outcomes in Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review from the Literature.
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Alongi, Pierpaolo, Laudicella, Riccardo, Lanzafame, Helena, Farolfi, Andrea, Mapelli, Paola, Picchio, Maria, Burger, Irene A., Iagaru, Andrei, Minutoli, Fabio, and Evangelista, Laura
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RADIOISOTOPE therapy ,ONLINE information services ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,ANTIANDROGENS ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,ABIRATERONE acetate ,CANCER patients ,CHOLINE ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,POSITRON emission tomography ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,DOCETAXEL ,PROSTATE-specific antigen ,MEDLINE ,COMBINED modality therapy ,PROSTATE tumors ,ANTIGENS - Abstract
Simple Summary: Radiolabeled choline and PSMA PET have been largely tested in the initial staging of prostate cancer and for biochemical recurrence. Moreover, diverse data are now available about their role in the evaluation of response to local and systematic therapies, and their predictive impact on the prognosis, before and after therapy. Therefore, in the present systematic review, we aimed to describe the available data, to summarize the current evidence in these settings of disease. The aims of this systematic review were to (1) assess the utility of PSMA-PET and choline-PET in the assessment of response to systemic and local therapy, and to (2) determine the value of both tracers for the prediction of response to therapy and survival outcomes in prostate cancer. We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed/Scopus/Google Scholar/Cochrane/EMBASE databases (between January 2010 and October 2021) accordingly. The quality of the included studies was evaluated following the "Quality Assessment of Prognostic Accuracy Studies" tool (QUAPAS-2). We selected 40 articles: 23 articles discussed the use of PET imaging with [
68 Ga]PSMA-11 (16 articles/1123 patients) or [11 C]/[18 F]Choline (7 articles/356 patients) for the prediction of response to radiotherapy (RT) and survival outcomes. Seven articles (three with [68 Ga]PSMA-11, three with [11 C]Choline, one with [18 F]Choline) assessed the role of PET imaging in the evaluation of response to docetaxel (as neoadjuvant therapy in one study, as first-line therapy in five studies, and as a palliative regimen in one study). Seven papers with radiolabeled [18 F]Choline PET/CT (n = 121 patients) and three with [68 Ga]PSMA-11 PET (n = 87 patients) were selected before and after enzalutamide/abiraterone acetate. Finally, [18 F]Choline and [68 Ga]PSMA-11 PET/CT as gatekeepers for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer with Radium-223 were assessed in three papers. In conclusion, in patients undergoing RT, radiolabeled choline and [68 Ga]PSMA-11 have an important prognostic role. In the case of systemic therapies, the role of such new-generation imaging techniques is still controversial without sufficient data, thus requiring additional in this scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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