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The National Library of Naples keeps the most conspicuous corpus of Giacomo Leopardi's autographed documents. In the article the author retraces the events that led to the formation of the documentary collection concerning the Poet. In particular, he retraces the judicial and administrative path taken by the "Leopardi papers" in the possession of Antonio Ranieri before arriving at the National Library of Naples in 1907, where they are still preserved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper is intended to be a humble attempt to redeem sociology, a discipline unjustly perceived as a handmaiden among the human sciences, from the secondary role to which it is inappropriately relegated in deference to an evergrowing trend of technicalization and formalization, even algorithmic, of economics and law and even of certain specialized branches of sociology itself. On the contrary, an attempt is made to demonstrate, keeping in the background the great work of Mireilles Delmas-Marti, that it is precisely the most general, historically-anthropologically compromised and culturologically oriented part of this discipline that is the one most capable of accounting for the complexity underlying the local/global dynamics in progress, deciphering the asynchronic and destabilizing forces that corrode the effectiveness of the rules redesigning scenarios and destinies of social actors, and partially motivating the reasons involved. It seems all the more significant and urgent to us to push academic reflection towards a revival of the "great sociology" traditionally understood, in a season of disturbing juridical nihilism and worrying déshistoricisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will attempt to reconstruct and understand the relationship between crisis, social development, legal order, and political decision-making as they have come to be intertwined in modern industrial society. Particular attention will be paid to the theme of "permanent crisis" and the problems of the "motorization of law," legal constructions, technical and scientific power in relation to processes of political legitimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the contribution of Vincenzo Cesareo to the theme of war in Ukraine, laid out in his book "The War in the Heart of Europe". Fruit of a multidisciplinary approach, Cesareo's contribution is notable not only for its stylistic clarity, but also for the spirit and passion with which he illustrates the rights of Ukraine and the wrongs of Putin: a genuine "lesson" in times of analyses that are too often partisan and/or ideologically distorted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to analyze the different forms that nontextual narrative takes related to the fundamental dimensions that characterize the video game medium, namely interactivity and game design. After providing a general definition of narrative and clarifying how its role is discussed within the scientific debate it will be proposed a semiotic model of analysis for each component and how narrative organizes each of them. Finally, two works will be analyzed where it is evident how the relationship between narrative and game design/interaction, taking into consideration the proposed models for analyzing the medium, defines not only the work itself but also the relationship with the user. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field of study on narratives and social theory is broad and constantly evolving, as well as the relation between narratives and law. From the 70s on, partticularly in the Anglo-Saxon context the movement Law and Literature emerged, both as the analysis of law as literature and literature as law. Jurists, writers and literary critics began to explore the ways in which literature can help understand law and vice versa. The interactions between law and literature continue to challenge the traditional view of law as a technical and formal discipline, thus offering a socio-cultural approach to its understanding. Like any narratives, legal narratives are not transparent and neutral views of reality, as meanings do not pre-exist the process of emplotment. Stories, including legal stories, construct facts. In this paper, after a brief review of the main features of judicial narratives, I aim to investigate the peculiar narrative dimension of narratives produced within trials for human rights violations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to identify the concrete processes by which the complex machinery of the legal system operates, a focus on the narratives of law in popular culture can be useful. However, studying narrative poses a number of theoretical and methodological pitfalls. The aim of this paper is a return to Vincenzo Tomeo's half-century-old work The Judge on the Screen. The book is an excellent example of a sociologically careful and methodologically insightful use of fictional narrative sources such as films. It can be considered a classic of 'law and culture' studies and a forerunner of the 'law and cinema' movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is an attempt to assess the potentiality of literary sources for the social sciences. It proposes a connection between the ontological conception of social reality and the methodological possibility to recur to literary narratives for social analysis. The concept of multiple reality (Alfred Schutz) is exemplified by referring chiefly to Schutz' treatment of Miguel Cervantes' novel, Don Quijote. In the concluding remarks, a complex conception of social reality is advocated, able to conceive society both in terms of social facts and social representations. Such ontological attitude may give due relevance to literature as a source of sociological data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Male violence against women is often framed in an episodic way, as an ‘individual’ deviance, thus, as a problem pertaining to the sphere of private relationships. Attention is thus diverted from its structural causes - rooted in the inequality of material and symbolic power between men and women - thus depriving the phenomenon of its public relevance and its political significance. Men’s violence against women, on the other hand, is rooted in the inequalities of power operating in societies and is to be considered the instrument through which men try to preserve, within society, their position of material and symbolic dominance over women. With this paper we propose an analysis of the reflections on gender-based violence, with an emphasis on the discourses that help to frame the issue from a socio-political perspective and that focus on gender-based violence as a tool through which patriarchal society reproduces itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez’s political leadership is a new phenomenon. The objective of the paper is to understand the genesis of AOC’s political leadership by holding together the different aspects of its success, namely digital nativism, female and intersectional leadership, the functioning of its political machine. At the same time, it aims to connect the AOC case to the specific aspects of the American political system, namely its specific populist/progressive tradition and the functioning of large party-network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Luca Serianni (Rome, 1947-2022) was a master of Italian language history studies. In the spring of 2022, he donated a collection of ancient books to the Angelica Library in Rome, including some eighteenth- and nineteenth-century medical treatises. This paper takes its cue from the donation to recall Luca Serianni's great sensitivity for specialised lexicon, for the "voices" of writers and speakers and for the "voices" gathered in vocabularies. To his fine talent for suggesting original reading paths and to his analytical accuracy Serianni added a profound passion for didactics; his scientific and human teaching will leave a deep legacy in the description of ancient and modern Italian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we will try to understand the "conceptual" perspective of sociology as one of the possible lines drawn within the cultural horizon of the social sciences. And this can be easily understood if we understand by "sociological culture" a knowledge that is not reducible to a scientific disciplinary sector or to an analytical technicality (an instrumental apparatus) aimed at data collection, but as a conceptual process capable of developing a cognitive orientation aimed at grasping the existential situation of man starting from his historical, concrete and social condition. The aim of this work is therefore, more than anything else, to grasp the process of conceptualisation of social experience starting from the cultural formations within which the relationship between thought and society, or rather, between mental structures and historical-social conditions, develops concretely and reflectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper, starting from a broad analysis of the weberian sociological conception, investigates the problem of "meaning" by comparing it with other similar concepts (use, customs, etc.) and arriving at the more general one of the "images of the world" (weltbild) which is less themed but undoubtedly central in his thought. The second part of the paper examines the visions of the world that generated capitalism, modern political imaginaries and contemporary metamorphoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper begins with a philosophical, literary and historiographical framework to address issues of epistemological interest. After the comparison between the schools of thought that have discussed the theme of memory and identity, the second part of this work deepens the operational and methodological expendability of the concepts analysed, starting from the sociological reading of Paul Ricoeur, considered within the personalist current to which he belongs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes youth work approaches from the perspective of youth policies with the aim of deepening the links with social and educational policies. At an empirical level, the analysis is conducted through a focus group with national youth workers and two case studies of organizations active in vulnerable contexts. The results highlight the relevance of continuity on synchronic multi-actors network and diachronic relationships, increased by the Covid19 emergency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 1988 with d.p.r. 448, a regulatory device has been introduced in our country which as inspired and regulates the strategies and policies of intervention in relation to juvenile deviance. For different reasons, criminal welfare is implemented in distinct ways between the regional divisions, producing different local emergencies and different approaches in the case of foreign or indigenous minors. Criticalities also emerge from the regulatory provision whose model of inspiration (juvenile probation) manifests limits and the need for revision. The paper presents the results of a research whose quantitavive-qualitative methodological structure reveals the presence of some perverse effects and the underestimated risk of juvenile recidivism rate with the consequent underestimation of the reproduction of serious deviant models that persist and they spread among young people, especially in many southern regions already characterized by mafia-type criminal embeddednes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After using Bourdieu to clarify why and with what consequence flexploitation has become a widespread work mode, we articulate a specific hypothesis: in critical times of instable and temporary work, a number of initiatives emerge, some of which configure themselves as active responses to the state of precariousness brought about by flexplotiation policies. Practices of physical culture such as argentine tango represent one example of such initiatives aiming at recreating those threatened or impoverished conditions of bodily, temporal and relational life we do not seem willing to give up. Our paper takes into account the outcome of a qualitative research on tango dancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten years after the signing of the Istanbul Convention (2011), the Italian legislative framework on violence against women has greatly evolved. The timing of the writing of laws and those of the rewriting of social norms, however, do not always coincide and the legal system, with its language and its practices, is still partly conditioned by socially widespread gender bias. The STEP research project - coordinated by Prof. Flaminia Saccà and the University of Tuscia-analyzed 283 sentences, issued by the Italian criminal courts, to identify stereotypes and prejudices that recur in the legal and social representation of genderbased violence. This paper analyzes how criticalities in the legal representation of violence against women are organized along two main categories of gender bias: role prejudices, that intervene in the representation of the victim and frame prejudices, that condition the modalities of violence representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at describing the resources collected in the library of the Italian politician Livio Maitan (1923-2004), books, serials, and pamphlets closely linked to his biographical and political path. Maitan himself wished that, after his death, the bibliographical heritage he collected was ordered and made available to the whole community. Eventually, in 2013, both the Maitan's library and his personal archive (the latter declared of important historical interest by law) moved to their current location, in the Roman neighborhood of Torre Spaccata. In April 2017 the library joined the Sbn Polo Roma Capitale, its collection has been largely catalogued, as well as enriched with further acquisitions. The article, highlighting the features of the library's collections, also illustrates the complexity of the political movements related to the Fourth International, in which Maitan was actively involved throughout his life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on six incunables, bound in two volumes, owned by the jurist Andrea Alciato (1492-1550), considering some hypotheses about how they have been acquired by the Vallicelliana Library of Rome. Besides taking a step further in the attempt to reconstruct the path of Alciato's Library, this study aims to describe the annotated incunables as complex objects, taking count of the cultural context in which they circulated and of their multiple nature witnessed by various textual forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The First International Caricature Exhibition (as the name said) took place in Varese in the 1903, was organized and sponsored by the city commitee which exhibited private collections, newspapers and original works of the masters of the past (Leonardo, Bernini) and contemporaries (Cappiello, Gandolin, Teja and Vamba). The exhibition was flanked by a modern advertising promotion and a cultural programme of side events and lectures. The most important event was the conference of 25 October held by Luigi Bertelli at the local Social Theatre. The article thanks to the local press rebuilds the cultural context of the event, examines the original paper of Vamba's conference, preserved at the municipal historical archive of Varese and tells about the leading figures' sensations through their direct witnesses which have come down to us. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A significant number of reuse fragments from Fabriano area sheds light on the connection developed at the beginning of XX Century between academics and the most important local cultural institutions and provides further evidence on the economical and social conditions of the "paper city" at the end of the Middle Ages. Here we remember the work of Augusto Zonghi and the fragments organization carried out by Nicola Perini (1906-1912). Each fragments has its own history that's why studing those flaps of a past that still gives voice to memories it's not just a recovery operation but also a daily exciting discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the Italian transposition of article 17 of the Copyright Directive, which provides a new liability regime applicable to online content sharing service providers for the protected works and subject matter uploaded by their users. This way, the European and Italian legislators seek to combat the 'value gap', i.e. the difference between the remuneration received by creators and performers for their works and the revenue platforms are generating by making those works accessible. The article highlights the different interests involved by the new regulation and the safeguards introduced to ensure a fair balance between all of them. For example, some provisions aim to balance the interest of rightsholders in the effective protection of their intellectual property with the interest of the services' users and the general public in the free flow of information online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to compare the "sacralization of the individual" as explored by Émile Durkheim and Erving Goffman. The paper outlines theoretical links and differences between Durkheim's thesis on the cult of the individual in modern society on one hand and Goffman's analysis of the face-to-face interaction as a secularized form of religious ritual. The analysis is eventually related to the possible use of the process of "sacralization of the individual" for our understanding of morality and social bonds in contemporary society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to interpret the current cultural representations of bodily practices by relating them to the dimension of the sacred, thus showing the ambiguity of the latter. The discussion draws on insights from Max Weber, who identifies three key stages of the body in relation to the sacred within Western culture: the orgiastic, the mystic or other-worldly asceticism, and the inner-worldly asceticism. These stages can be represented on a Cartesian plane based on two dichotomies: 'bodily over-stimulation vs. under-stimulation' on the one axe, and 'action within the world vs. escape from the world' on the other. After critically discussing Weber's perspective, the paper integrates it with other reflections and focuses on the 'missing quadrant' of such theoretical model to interpret the contemporary reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the "PALLADIOLibrary" and its interface "Andrea Palladio -- 3D geodatabase", a comprehensive Information System about the architect Andrea Palladio and his work. The new system, gathering the legacy of a systematic and clearly defined original system based on an evident and effective virtualization process, allows to provide support to the problems faced, clarifying the limits, characters, potential and advantages. On a general level, the paper introduces the topic of virtualization of Information Systems related to the architectural heritage in the age of Information Technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper details the critical analysis of the emerging English colonialism in Ireland in the 17th century as elaborated by Karl Marx in a series of minor writings, i.e. the ethnological notes written between 1881 and 1882. The purpose is to highlight how in these notes Marx continues the study of Irish society as set out in Book I of Capital (1867), enriching it with a new historical-legal dimension: the study of the Act of Uniformity of 4 July 1605, whereby the British expropriated Irish people from their lands. A measure that marked both the birth of intra-European colonialism and the alliance between social sciences (legal ethnography, political economy) and domination systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study of the work of Jean-Paul Sartre and of its relevance for contemporary sociology. Following the studies of existential sociology, this work wants to use the category of the practical-inert to analyze the construction of reality. Practicoinert is a notion coined by Sartre in the Critique of Dialectical Reason (1960), outlined the unit of practical activities and material structures. This paper uses this perspective to analyze institutional life, bureaucracies, theoretical construction and rationality in the human sciences. Focusing the analysis in a comparison with Max Weber's perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper's focus is on how sociology could support current humanism's rethinking contemporarily considering the present high degree of religious as well as cultural pluralism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the question of what "form" takes on meaning in our culture through the religious and aesthetic issue of Byzantine Holy Icons. From this point of view we are going to investigate the problem of the "form beyond the form" as a shape beyond his sensitive image. In this regard as specific issue of our discussion we will consider the development of the Icon-form (as mental and conceptual shape) from the Byzantine ages to the religious painting of El Greco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reconsidering the historical presence of poverty, illegality and informal work in the South added two new diseases caused by Covid 19 pandemic, and the related resumptions of the activity of criminal organizations. This paper shows the possibility to overcome the old stereotype of the South and it tries to reflect about a way that allows to pursue and promote new territorial developmental processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is about the renovation, thanks to the Art Bonus, of the eighteenth century Globe by Vincenzo Rosa, dated 1793, which has always been situated in Salone Teresiano of the Biblioteca Universitaria of Pavia. The restoration gave us a chance to study the figure behind the author, Vincenzo Rosa, and the history and creation of the artifact, which, according to diagnostic studies, has some particularity like the direct drawing on plaster without any printed or handwritten paper placed upon, which makes it a really unique piece of art. The renovation was wanted by only a patron, Annalisa Alberici, as a memory of her parents and her husband, who were all passionate travellers, and has seen the commitment of many professionals involved in studying the artifact to restore his antique prestige and readability. The remarks and the report about this work are presented in the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A considerable part of the Palatina Lorenese manuscripts collection was catalogued between the end of the 19th and the firs half of the 20th Century. In 2019 the Biblioteca nazionale centrale di Firenze promoted a project (PAL-MO) in order to complete the description of these materials in the Manus OnLine database. This paper gives an overview of the work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays consumption dynamics analysis is carving out a growing important role within the reflection on youth condition. Consumption choices play a basic role within the identity building process, as well within the mechanisms of social interaction, and gain credit as a further medium for relationships and sharing. The paper aims to analyze the meaning of a specific consumption experience, that one of tattoos, more and more widespread among the new generations. In the article, we’ll analyze, in particular, the results of a qualitative research project carried out on a Millennials sample, young people born between 1981 and 1996, in order to pick out the reasons which in most cases drive them to tattooing. The elements we collected by means of some focus groups and semi-structured interviews have stressed a double reading: for one part of the sample, the meaning of tattoo has to be spotted just in the right drawing chosen by the individual, while for another it’s tattooing itself, the experience lived in real terms, to take the prevailing meaning, sometimes even regardless of the figure inked onto the skin. When tattoo reflects the will to expressly convey something, its meaning seems to be traced back to three different purposes: the one bound to one’ identity, the one peculiar to a rite of initiation and the one that points out an emotional bond. In conclusion, for the Millennials choosing tattooing seems to be a way of claiming their own individuality tangibly, changing their body into one of the means thanks to which they can tell the others their own story. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intent of this paper is to rethink, through the mythological figure of Pan, the “Goat god”, a possible reading of some dynamics of the modern world, the same highlighted by the studies dedicated by Girard to mimetic conflict. In this sense, particular attention is devoted to the themes of “double”, “undifferentiated” and “monstrous”. Furthermore, an attempt is made to proceed in an interdisciplinary way, taking into consideration also the convergence between empirical research and René Girard’s theory, demonstrating the link between mirror neurons (neurosciences) and mimetic theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores Girard’s ideas on the scapegoat. The aim of this paper is to identify some social and relational processes that transform a community into a place of violence and exclusion. Community studies highlight that community is ambivalent. Some scholars have proposed that the community is a social space of proximity, which responds to people’s need for identity, belonging and trust. Other scholars have observed that the community is a place of conflict, social control and violence. A sound research question is to understand what drives community towards violence. René Girard’s scapegoat theory identifies three fundamental mechanisms or strategies that leads community to violence: mimetic crisis, persecution and the spread of resentment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses, with a “genealogical” perspective that from Pascal reaches up to Girard, the hidden bond that links violence and law. Behind the law lies the “usurpation” as well as behind the social institutions lies the “sacrificial violence”. It is the task of this work to reconstruct this ambivalent connection that always structures, in its paradoxical removal, the ground of the social ties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the role of emotion and affect in the context of social media. Drawing on the works by Brian Massumi, Nigel Thrift, Zizi Papacharissi, Richard Grusin, Margaret Wetherell, the paper reflects on the need to engage more deeply with feelings and emotions as driving forces of digital affect culture and on how this digital affect culture can manifest itself within different kind of affectively charged collectivities, created via spontaneous interaction on various social media platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores Vico's reflection on symbolic creativity and the connection between this meditation and Italian contemporary democratic process, especially in the school system and in the linguistic pedagogical principles introduced by Tullio De Mauro and the Giscel (Italian Teachers Association for a democratic linguistic pedagogy). The paper relies on previous research on the Scienza nuova's conception of plurisemiotism and its specific historical evolution triggered by the political struggles between the upper class - originally the patres - and the dominated class, the "famoli" (Brook, Fortuna 2018). I argue that Vico's thought on these issues deeply influenced the Italian 1968's social movements and made possible the introduction of three fundamental laws for Italian democratization (Codignola, 1969; Falcucci, 1977; Basaglia, 1978). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the rule of metaphor in Paul Ricoeur's philosophy of language. In his Multi-Disciplinary Studies in the Creation of Meaning in Language (1975), the French philosopher shows the fundamental power of human language in constructing the world we perceive. He reveals the processes by which linguistic imagination creates and recreates meaning through metaphor. He develops a "linguistic philosophy of freedom," and a hermeneutics of the subject based on human capabilities. According to Ricoeur, to exist is to act: speaking, doing, telling, and assuming responsibility for the act committed. The very "being" of human beings is to act and the effort to be. In this perspective, the human interiority is considered as dynamic production (enérgeia, conatus): it is a complex ontology of homo capax based on the human freedom and possibilities of language. Being as act and potentiality is the dominant metacategory that governs Ricoeur's philosophical anthropology, widely developed in the work Oneself as Another (1990). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, I shall argue about the relationship among creativity, empathy, and recognition. To this aim, I will provide with an analysis of two contemporary work of art as case studies: the interactive portrait This Is Not Private by Alberto Daniele (2016) and the project Material Speculation: ISIS (2015-2016) by Morehshin Allahyari (2016). Through a phenomenological framework, my contention is to show how the engagement between the artist and the user is crucial to develop the meaning of the work of art itself, determining a creative process in which they both are involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper argues a network of interconnected hypotheses about creativity on the basis of available evidence. This evidence is largely derived from cognitive sciences, in particular from some of the most relevant lines of research concerning creativity. The main issues concern the forms of creativity, the processes involved in creativity, the stimulation of creativity, and recognition and evaluation of creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the invention of a Proto-Latin language for the film Il primo Re by M. Rovere (2019). The language was created with the explicit aim of producing a barbaric and primitivistic effect on the hearer. The method used to invent it is summed up in the formula: back in time, but still in place. We started from Classical Latin and "antiquated" it exploiting the data from historical Latin and Indo-European linguistics, but we avoided mixing Latin with different languages. The result is a particular type of language ex inventione: the single chunks that compose it are all plausible reconstructions from the scientific point of view, but they are not attested and have never co-existed as such. Language science and the human instinct for creativity (verbigeratio ludica) are therefore the two sources from which the language of the film was created. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to describe the uses of over-compound tenses in the dialects of Sardinia. As we knew (Pittau 1972, p. 112 and 156-157 and Jones 1993, p. 308) over-compound tenses are used especially in counterfactual clauses. My data (Pisano, 2010; 2016; 2018) showed that these structures can be also used in the generic expression of unreality in optative clauses. Even if previous descriptions were based on data from the Nuorese area dialects, my fieldworks (Pisano, 2010; 2016) have shown that over-compound tenses are also present in some dialects of the north of Logudoro. A paradigm of an over-compound past tense is attested also in the south of Sardinia (Pisano, 2016). In this group of varieties, however, this structure displays only an experiential value. As a matter of fact, the insertion of the extra past participle is not possible in the expression of punctual action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the domain of Indo-European linguistics, Tocharian is now playing a more important role, which has been favoured by the increasing availability of the texts. The present article examines the concept of "creativity" in historical linguistics, by analysing palaeographic and linguistic matters related to hapax legomena, emendations, and conjectural readings in Tocharian manuscripts. The goals of this short paper are twofold: (1) on the one hand, it aims to provide a new reading of the line b4 in the Tocharian B fragment B530 and comment on the new discovered word TB nekīta '±destroyer'; (2) on the other hand, it is finalised at analysing the apparent irregularities of the paradigm of TB pīto 'price, cost'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I will examine some aspects of the Indo-European theory as an example of scientific creativity. Particularly, I will focus on the first generations of scholars (Jones, Schlegel, Bopp, Grimm, Pott, and Schleicher), also referring to the ideological and cultural effects of the reception (and exploitation) of the discipline. The aim is to point out the fact that, since the first developments of the Indo-European studies, two different conceptions of the reconstructive method and its heuristic capacities are created. I will try to detect the danger, from the point of view of the solidity of the outcomes, but also from that of ideological exploitation, of the reification of the Proto-Indo-European language, and I will propose the abandonment of the persistent idea of original perfection: the myth of the origin is misleading and must therefore be reversed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to dwell on the power of creative transformation that makes use of the principle according to which the expectation of the observer always influences the matter (substance), that is the external reality of things. The intention is to demonstrate, starting from the concept of labor - to then come to that of opus - as the three guiding criteria of an artwork, which are: harmony, or the coherence between the parts of a whole; the intensity, understood as the depth and expression of the soul; and continuity as a sign that remains and that indicates the future content, are elements not at all obvious, above all when one looks at an artwork not in terms of integrity but of "judging" surface. The following reflection arose from these three questions: How can a work of art be the fruit of a perfect creation? How do you go from a laborious job to a creative work? Where does the power of creative transformation lie? The answers were many, perhaps too many, but on the last one I received only this answer: With a shift (of thought) from the struggle to the solution and with a shift (of vision) on the value of the artwork itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper treats of the story of Pygmalion's love for his statue from Ovid's version, one of the best-known myths of the classical antiquity. In Metamorphoses X, 243-297, Ovid makes a brilliant reflection about the artistic and literary creativity. Pygmalion, a devotee sculptor of Venus, despises the women and he falls in love with the statue that he made, representing an idealized female image. He is the artifex par excellence: the sculptor, refusing the reality, prefers to realize one analogous and shapes the ivory with admirable and extraordinary art that can reach the aesthetical perfection. The Pygmalion's art overcomes the reality about beauty and changes, in such way, the very idea of ancient art: the myth becomes allegory of the ability of the art sublimation and, to the meantime, with subtle self-referential implication inside Ovidian verse, of the literary poetic creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper illustrates the evolution of the law concerning legal deposit of audio and audiovisual material in Italy and its impact on the increase and nature of the collections held by the Istituto Centrale per i Beni Sonori e Audiovisivi. Moreover issues concerning the difficulty of monitoring the editorial production and ensuring the deposit of what is due are discussed also in relation with the change of the law on Legal deposit. Finally, follows an analysis on the rich variety of gadgets (toys, action figures, t-shirts, cases etc. etc.) that have been enclosed with the audio or audiovisual products deposited in the Institute. These objects represent a collection in themselves and bear witness to the transformations of pop culture in the last decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of this paper is to discuss, through a critical approach, improvements in democratic participation in European governance. The evolution of the rules of transparency of the European institutions towards interests groups representation and the increasing role of subnational local authorities are analysed in order to evaluate how the multi-level governance system cope with the problems of the international instabilities. The focus of this paper is to discuss, through a critical approach, improvements in democratic participation in European governance. The evolution of the rules of transparency of the European institutions towards interests groups representation and the increasing role of subnational local authorities are analysed in order to evaluate how the multi-level governance system cope with the problems of the international instabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]