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Chronic pain is experienced by subjects according to the singular way of processing the events that involve their body. Attention to transference and countertransference phenomena has allowed a gaze shift from focusing exclusively on the patient and their conditions, towards the interpersonal space that arises in the relationship with them. This concept has generated enriching contributions that favor the care relationship between medical specialties and patients, especially those involving high degrees of complexity or deemed ‘difficult’. This article describes aspects of chronic pain management in an interdisciplinary polyclinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, it is widely accepted that experience can modify multiple aspects of the functioning and structure of the brain; however, there is still a long way to go to understand the mechanisms behind these modifications. In order to understand the relationship between experience and brain plasticity, models and paradigms have been adapted from cognitive neurosciences; one of them has been music training. In the last decades, this paradigm has strengthened because it allows us to understand the structural and functional modifications produced by training. It has been demonstrated that musicians compared to non-musicians present larger sizes of specific brain regions, in particular, the prefrontal cortex, which is associated with a better performance in executive functions tasks. In addition, long-term neuro-physiological changes have been identified in people who play an instrument. A relationship between playing an instrument and better performance in executive functions has been identified. However, the evidence of this effect is contradictory. Executive functions are a series of general control processes that help regulate thinking and behavior. Some research indicates that learning an instrument is associated with better performance in working memory, but not regarding tasks related to inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. However, other studies have revealed significant differences between musicians and non-musicians, both in working memory and tasks of cognitive flexibility as well as in inhibitory control. It is possible that the contradictory results are due to the methodological diversity through which this topic has been addressed, since some studies have carried out experimental and quasi-experimental designs, and others have developed correlational approaches. In addition, different theoretical models have been used to evaluate executive functions. For this study, we work with the theoretical model of Miyake et al. (2000), which is a solid theoretical-empirical proposal about three clearly differentiable executive functions: inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. A meta-analysis was performed with the purpose of identifying the effect of playing an instrument on executive functions as well as identifying the moderator variables. By doing this, we wanted to clarify the problem in question and the controversial results; therefore, empirical studies comparing musicians against non-musicians were included. The comparison group should not have been exposed to musical training, the participants should not present motor or cognitive disabilities, and finally, studies should report means and standard deviations for the scores on executive functions tasks. We included papers published between January 2000 and July 2017. The moderator variables studied were: age in months at the time of evaluation, age at which training began, and total years of training. The coding strategy allowed us to identify a total of 42 294 articles. The titles and abstracts were analyzed and those that did not meet the inclusion criteria were eliminated. This procedure allowed the detection of 24 articles for future analysis, and 12 out of them were finally selected. These 12 articles contributed to 60 effect sizes and 513 participants. The results showed that musicians have a better performance in executive functions tasks when they are compared to non-musicians, d = .712, n = 60, IC95% = (.57; .85), p < .0001. Additionally, the analysis of moderating variables revealed that the practice of an instrument equally benefits all executive functions, and the most important benefit occurs in older adults and children. Results support the hypothesis that the high level of difficulty involved with learning to play an instrument can influence a better performance in executive functions tasks. Our study points out the need of designing research that allows the scientific community to investigate the effect of prolonged musical training over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes how to teach and how to learn about the nature of the therapeutic relationship. This concept is the main content of the Pre-Practicum course which is a cumpulsory prerequisite for students before they begin their practicum as psychotherapists in the Master in Spirtuality and Psychotherapy degree program of Wilfrid Laurier University in the province of Ontario, Canada. The concept of therapeutic relationship is analyzed from the perspective of Piaget, Freire and Morin. This article is focused on the importance and the needs of reaching a good therapeutic relationship in order to implement the psychotherapy process and the changes that the client needs to achieve to improve his mental health. This work analyzes the concepts of transference, countertransference and therapeutic alliance from dynamic and cognitive perspectives. This article is supported by the principles of transdisciplinarity and complex thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

My aim, in this paper, is to think about an emergent tradition of literary biographies in Latin America: biographies written by contemporary writers (1985 - 2016) about other writers' lives (the biographical production of seven novelists: Osvaldo Baigorria, Ricardo Strafacce, Fernando Vallejo, Carlos María Domínguez, Jorge Edwards, Santiago Roncagliolo y Rafael Gumucio). Specifically, this essay proposes to analyze the construction process of this tradition in regard to the emotional bonds that link certain writers with others and provide reasons to tell the life of others. The relationship between biographer and biographed shows a contiguity line founded in literary respect whose effects are contamination, transference and infection. Two lives are tensioned in the writing and formulate an imaginary and loving space where practices and mechanisms are put into place in order to appropriate someone else's memories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work is to analyze the scientific literature production on borderline personality disorder in Spain over the 2010-2015 period, making a comparative study of articles collected from scientific journals in the field of psychology from several perspectives: year of publication, type of journal (indexing), type of study, clinical sample and main topic. After the analysis of 80 articles obtained in WOS, Scopus, Psicodoc, Dialnet, and ISOC databases, it was found that most analysis units appear in type C and D publications in adult population and in theoretical studies, being the prevailing subject different psychotherapeutic strategies, especially Dialectic-Behavioral and Transference-Focused Therapy, although with increasing trends of new procedures applied to BPD population. The scarcity of publications on topics such as psychopharmacological and etiological studies, design of new measuring instruments, or differential diagnosis deserves special attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper is a theoretical review of transference, analyst's desire and interpretation as a psychoanalytic concepts and analytic elements. The main question is how the analyst's desire, transference, and interpretation take place in psychoanalytic clinic? Transference and interpretation are the most important elements in analysis, however, the analyst's desire occur before the analytic situation, the analyst's desire and the transference create the atmosphere to the interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lacan has made different uses about Dora in many situations to explain some concepts of his teaching. We are going to analyze some texts in this bibliographical review from 1951-1963 and to focus on some points that are based on the case study about Dora (Freud). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Buddhism as a philosophical and religious worldview does not coincide with psychoanalysis as a clinical practice and research method. Nevertheless, the intervention techniques that Buddhist masters use with their pupils can be compared with interpretation and transference since paradox, silence, and contradiction are used, but with different purposes. This paper aims to show that relationship by keeping the differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To develop, through the construction of a narrative of the analytic experience, the vicissitudes of the analyst-analysand. Development: Exposing the analytical process that took place, the transference and countertransference and the importance of neutrality and abstinence even in handling difficult cases considered for the psychoanalytic method and technique. Conclusions: The analyst must be able to protect and take care of the analytical process, to allow this to be an experience for analyzing, copper meaning a link that looks creative and hopeful psychic change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hazan and Zeifman (1994, 1999) proposed a fourphase model of the transfer of primary attachment status from parents to peers. The model focused on four main components of attachment: proximity seeking, safe haven, secure base, and separation protest. The present study evaluates the model as it applies to adolescents' relationships with parents, boyfriend/ girlfriend, and best male/female friend. Using a cross-sectional design, 533 respondents aged 13 to 23 years were asked about each of the components in each type of relationship. The results are consistent with what we call an enlargement searching model, i.e., the inclusion of significant others beyond parents in the relational net for attachment purposes, but not a substitution. The process seems influenced by both romantic relationship duration and gender. With the exception of parents, the use of one kind of relationship for attachment functions seems to be independent of the use of other kinds of relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article contains the results of a study made with the purpose of getting close to the understanding of subjective aspects that underlay the frequent demand of medical appointments, by patients. The research design was qualitative, the methodology was case studies and the information recollection technique was the in depth semi-structured interview. Nine samples were taken from frequent medical consultants of a health institution in Medellin. The results suggest that there is a search for relief and control in the medical appointment made by the frequent consultants, motivated by the suffering they manifest and have. Aspects like the tie with the doctor, patient demand and the social representations constituted are decisive for the perception of control and relief of this suffering and the beginning and maintenance of the frequent medical consultant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to analyze the transference process in motor skill learning. For this purpose, 320 boys and girls, with ages ranging from 3 to 12 years (M= 7.61; SD= 2.61),took part in nine object movement reception drills in which the following variables were cross-examined: the presence-absence of displacement (static or in motion), the corporal segments utilized (hands or arms), the movement direction (right or left), and the moving object (volleyball or tennis ball). The results indicate that what is being transferred is the common factor among them, the ocular-kinesthetic regulating system, which is constructed according to a generalized motor program and a predictive strategy of continuous control. The way that individuals group by levels of skill that represent the developmental levels of the aforementioned regulating system can also be observed. Lastly, the results are discussed, and strategies to improve the learning process in sports and physical education are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A symptom constitutes a compromise between a demand of the jouissance drive and something that acts as a law, preventing its realization. These symptoms speak, but they don't solve anything by themselves; however, they do allow for an attainment of the first subjective positions, and then give transference an opportunity to appear. Their formal wrapping, made of symbolic and imaginary elements, shelters a jouissance that stays limited in this way. Addictions are presented as a rejection of this functionality, but they also raise the question: Is it just the functionality's failure or a new formal wrapping? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To establish areas of agreement or disagreement on some fundamental theoretical concepts, tools and techniques in psychoanalysis recommendations within the group of local colleagues. Development: By means of a survey, whose results are processed statistically and are discussed, we will seek to clarify the common elements of local analysts. Results and Conclusions: The common ground is established around the technical elements, particularly, the use of transference, counter-transference and the analytical setting. Narcissism, as an element of the theory, is another binding factor. Acceptance of the various theoretical models, it is consensual and therefore not configured as a common ground. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The identity and the human sexuality are a dialectic pair that runs through the analytical work. Sexuality both confronts us with the most enigmatic of the object and our own self, and allows us to greater intimacy with others and gives us the ineffable sense of being, throughout our lives, ourselves. In the analytic relationship, the sexuality is present in a disturbing way. The sexuality in the transfer is always unsettling, disruptive for the convenience of interpretations related to infantile dependence. The breakthrough, however expected to be, leaves us speechless and surprised. The sexuality never shows how or where we expect it. I will present clinical material that led me to think of this dialectic pair sexuality, identity, in their mutual determination, their disruption and confrontation, its very complex interdependence. The dialectical relationship between subjectivity and sexuality become more complex through vectors of interdependence and mutual determination, as well as infinite tension, disruption and mutual threats. As a result of a certain fear of the eroticism of the transference-countertransference's links, it seems that there becomes a des-libidinization of analytical links and thus, their sterility. The aim of the analyst is to understand the enigmatic, his psychosexuality is at the time of the analytical work, channeled and directed to understanding the mind of the patient. From that place of ethics, his sexed self enters in transference dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is about issues related to adoption, which is also a subject of other disciplines, such as pediatrics, sociology, laws, etc. The author tries to find out or poses the question if there are psychopathological issues related to adoption or if considering adoption itself a disorder is a projection of universal troubles in parent-children relationships. After an eventually traumatic event (abandonment, infertility) it can display different outcomes, such as a mutual adaptation and growth or different levels of failure in family links, that may be harmful for subjectivity. Some troubles may be due to difficulties in processing the family romance, described by Sigmund Freud. This can appear in phantasies -about robbing or incest-, dreams and acting out, such as returning children back, reciprocal ill-treatment or runaways in adolescence. In clinical work we can see that often it is difficult for parents to fully adopt their kid -biologic or not- but also this difficulty can be originated in the child, who cannot "adopt" his new parents. The author also describes issues related to transference and counter-transference in psychoanalytic treatment with adopted children and their parents. As an example, the author relates the case of a girl that was in psychoanalytical treatment between her 11 and 15 years of age. At last, the author sets a question about possible difficulties in the relationship of adopted people with their own children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I consider the field W. R. Bion had explore concerning the dream and the function of dreaming like a mental process. I present a dream sequence from a patient who experienced a traumatic mourning from a first dream-ideogram until complexes dreams that shows his attempts of think about the loss he has suffer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author describes how Yolanda creates her lifelong family novel across the years. Yolanda is an adopted daughter who begins her four phase analysis at the age of 4, concluding it when she was 25. During all this time the patient creates her family novel confronting different fantasies related to her adoption. In the first phase (4-8 years): she goes from a first version stating that: "My mother had no life… I was born from a Petra (stone)" to the fantasy: "One mother stole my other mother". In the second phase (8-11 years): her fantasies concerning her origin spin around a triangular relation, formed by two women (two mothers) and a child. Then she confronts the two couples of denigrated parents and creates the third fantasy related with her adoption: "My parents were so poor they couldn't have me". In the third phase (17-18 years): she analyses her first pregnancy and her voluntary abortion as a way to understand, through action, the reasons for her adoption and to elaborate identification with a filicidic mother. In the fourth phase (21-25 years): she establishes a stable link with her boyfriend. She gets pregnant again and she gives birth to her child. Assuming this child as his son, she also assumes herself as the child of her adoptive parents and take them as her family. The author argues that it is during the analytical process and thanks to the transferential link when the adopted kids can confront and work out the first narcissistic wounds caused by their adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This paper is a reflexion about the difference between past and history, highlighted by Lacan. Development: Through reading some of Freud's basic texts about technique and analysing a clinical situation, the author reflects on the notions of symptom, interpretation and transference. Results and Conclusions: The symptom, for example, as a representative of the repressed, is shown here as an indispensable guide, because it contains the remains of the language that can link the missing history, and therefore, using the transfer may find ways for reconstruction. The concept of transference is explained by questioning its pathological vision. Finally, the paper ends considering the dynamics of transference, finding many interesting sequences on the way the psychoanalytic cure operates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To show, how in a family group, the emptiness (negative) is the element common all members of the family that leads to deny the other's existence. The negative or that which cannot be represented, it's manifested as the uncanny. Development: Through clinical vignettes is illustrated as in the counter transference, the analyst discovers the uncanny to hide the negative. The use of denial and the splits manifests themselves as bizarre. The presence of the analyst allows the recovery and processing of split-off aspects of each family member so they can recognize and be recognized as subjects of that group. Results and Conclusions: The use of counter contratransference is essential to ensure the registration of the negative at different levels: in the preverbal, verbal language, and defense mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This paper states that those factors traditionally used by psychiatry for the assessment of suicidal risk are insufficient and not conclusive since they appear outside the clinical experience. Development: The author shows how clinical interview, which is not included among those factors, is the most sensitive and determinating element, since it gives direct evidence of their presence or absence. Results and conclusions:The patient's ability to receive and utilize the therapist's contributions is related to his or her capability to establish emotional links. When K link is achieved, the unconscious factors that underlie the suicidal act can be known and elaborated, which in its turn runs inversely proportional to suicidal risk. The role of the interview, besides its possible therapeutic function, is to assess these aspects in the patient. Clinic cases are presented, it is discuss the role played by ethics in the counter transference of this situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The end of the analysis is asintotic due to transference. The author refers to transference as a game, with neither a fixed beginning nor ending. Should transference arise from an infantile experience of frustration then children analysis wouldn't be possible, but the relationship between parents and child is already a transference relationship. The decision to put an end to analysis refers more to the emergency of a decision which includes a loosening of links than to its results: a compromise with the consequences of that work, which implies the acceptance of what we ignore and of moments of loneliness and solitude. The ending of analysis should avoid idealization and defensive identification with the image of the analyst, the analysand has to overcome his anger and disappointment at what could not be reached, with the idea that he has benefited and enriched his life. If the analyst does not tolerate the fact of being left aside he will not be in conditions to participate in this experience, which implies a future of separation, beginning from a historization work. The analyst must be able to understand the analysand's desire for loneliness, that he may reach that capacity. He will hope that the end of the analysis happens in a favorable time, with the singularity of each analysand: and understand that to speak and listen in session has less value for the analysand than to be left on his own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It's a difficult subject, due to the ideal tensions that converge in it and to the expansion of psychic suffering issues that psychoanalysis has been dealing with. Reanalysis, legitimized in fact among us --even if elsewhere, because of their frequency or extension, would imply dubious situations or simply failures-- do provide precious material in order to put in perspective different ways of conclusion of the interminable. The same occurs with interrupted analysis, including those considered pseudo failures. Termination: arbitrary moment, even if neither irrational nor capricious, asymmetrically conceived but written "a deux", that weaves a sequence of irreversible moments ("transformational catastrophes" we would say with Bion) each one bringing its depth of events in a infinite potential continuous. This is linked to the development of mourning and narcissism. It also examines the pseudo-maturity, making reference to termination as a caricature. And it sets out certain aspirations, which are achievements in perspective of the analytical process. We define two transference elaborations that work as significative signs, and are only intelligible through psychoanalysis: Totemic Translational Fantasy and Psychoanalysis as Value. The first one refers to the effects of radical questioning about family myths relating to the origins, transgenerational wonders and disasters, and to the relative consummation of the Family Romance. Psychoanalysis as Value, for its part, accounts for the gestation of a common reference core for analyst and analysand, even if located beyond both of them, that tends to persist with relative independence respect to transferential changes and direct cares devoted to it. Differences between termination of analysis, the dissolution of the transference neurosis and dissolution of the transference are established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This work begins as a meditation on the passage of the repressed to consciousness, which takes place during the analytic treatment. It draws primarily on "Rememberance, Repeating and Development" (1914), incredibly rich theoretical work in which Freud made, perhaps for the first time, a theory of healing, and specifically in terms of analytical and full metapsychology. . . . . Development: During the course of this investigation, it was revealing the transference as a phenomenon in itself of great importance because it has the ability to upgrade - to stage-never expressed the unconscious rather than the symptoms, to the way of working and modifications. Conclusions: The transferance represents a shift in the unconscious structure, which opens the process of healing. It is then necessarily the question of the role of analyst. What to do with the unconscious deployment date? What is the point in the interpretation? What really make the unconscious,conscious? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The author discusses the controversial and exciting theme of countertransference, In this paper, he emphasizes the need of the analyst's presence during the time of the session and, in opposition to the cut, proposes the need to re-launch it in the direction of what the development of transference-countertransference provokes, promoted by this presence of the other and delineated by the rule of abstinence. Development: He begins on the basis that a-temporality and a-spatiality play a preponderant part in the achievement of both the patient's free association as well as the analyst's evenly suspended attention, which promotes the shaping of "transference facts" which gradually force successive insights. The analyst's advanced presence, his emotion and thoughts, origins of the incomparable influence of psychoanalysis in the development of the culture of the last century, expose him to affects and emotions provoked by the patient which are very difficult to work through. The magnitude of the anxiety reigning in today's world is extreme, and it seems that it is the task of psychoanalysis to perceive and anticipate what is to come and help it to be born. Conclusions: The author postulates the use of countertransference as one of the facets that differentiates psychoanalysis from the broad field of the psychotherapies. He mentions that the tendency to avoid it by important schools of thought in the contemporary practice of psychoanalysis places it in a controversial position, since it alludes tangentially to the relation that its exclusion may have to the tendency these days to "save" time, no matter what the cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present paper will try to summarize the history of Latin-American psychoanalysis, which through many decades promoted, and in a certain way established, developments and conceptualizations that were recognized “officially” in Anglo-Saxon and European psychoanalysis only the past years. Or only known but not ever recognized, as such contributions permit a trough convergence between the “new” and the “older” founds. Development: The development of the paper is sustained in clinical labor, particularly themes which makes through the importance of the counter-transference in psychoanalytic session and psychoanalytic processes. Those were extensible worked from authors like Racker, the Barangers, and E. Pichón Riviere, and the river-plate psychoanalysis in general. In other words, these are conceptualizations, in between the finding of a through own subjectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Establish a critical reading of the text Models for thinking, Models for implementing, text written by Eduardo Laverde Rubio. Methods: Through the commentary methodology the author (Guillermo Sánchez Medina) contrasts his ideas with those of the reference text, the author then presents his views. Results and Conclusions: The author suggests the concept of complementary models, in this notion he take the contributions of the theory of complexity. The author criticizes the one-dimensional views. The investigation of the mind, of which psychoanalysis is an example, involves multiple models approach, the critical attitude and the presence of uncertainty. Finally, the author addresses the issue of technical, focusing on the analysis of the process transference-countertransference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the “transference neurosis” concept in Freud´s work. Development: Between 1905 and 1917, Freud differentiated transference as a phenomenon immanent of the transference neurosis as an entity circumscriptive to the treatment. In this lapse of time he thought psychoanalytic treatment as a solitary battle waged between the analyst and the resistance by the transference neurosis. The transference neurosis concept liberated psychoanalytic treatment from the idea of suggestive therapy and gave it scientific status positioning. In Beyond the pleasure principle the original field on which treatment takes action was extended. In the same way, transference and compulsion to repeat were transformed in the resisted and the ego was to exert resistance. The analyst found an ally in the patient that observed and participated in the process of cure. The fight between analyst and illness was replaced by a combat within the patient between the ego and the compulsion to repeat. In The Question of Lay Analysis, although not explicitly, Freud included counter-transference as an inherent problem of the transference. In Analysis Terminable and Interminable and in An Outline of Psychoanalysis, (1940 [1938]) it is not found a re-definition of the transference neurosis to adapt it to the new idea of illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work tries to approach different developments of the analyst's position in the transference. Firstly, Lacan's conceptualization of the analyst's position through his reading The Banquet by Plato will be studied. Then, the above mentioned position will be developed from the ego ideal concept. Finally, the analyst's position will be approached from the re-conceptualization of the analyst's wish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nature and function of interpretation are related to the clinical facts: the acting out of a vivid situation of life or the narrative of an experience. The vital fact needs to be transformed into a narration and its elements required to be entangled into the fabric of the transference's meanings. The narration, instead, needs to be transformed in a working through: the playing enhance the bunch of meanings and leads towards the realm of a major symbolization. Psychoanalysis is conceived like a dispositive that occasionally works with enigmas and in other times works with not symbolic raw experiences. The roles of the hero, the mourning and the paying are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interpretation of transference could be seen as the psychoanalytic process which aims to discover the hidden sense of transference; or, on the contrary, it could be thought as an active function of transference in the building of the psychic meaning. There is no contradiction between these two perspectives. Bearing them in mind lets enhance the horizons of psychoanalytic technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, psychotherapy is regarded as the treatment of choice for patients with Borderline Personality Disorder(BPD). A consensus has yet to be reached, however, despite various controlled studies undertaken to determine the most suitable form of treatment. At both public and private mental health institutions, there is a growing number of BPD patients seeking treatment. These patients pose a challenge for institutional programs because their demands usually exceed the «therapeutic capacity» of conventional forms of psychiatric treatment. Due to this heavy demand, various strategies have been examined in order to treat this type of patients properly. These include short group therapy. This article presents the results of a controlled clinical study comparing the effectiveness of treatment according to the composition of the groups: a homogeneous group, consisting solely of borderline patients and another in which only half had been diagnosed with BPD while the others only had Axis 1 disorders, with no serious personality pathology. The study considered the variables of psychiatric symptomatology, quality of life, self-esteem, «ego strength», perceived social support, social adjustment and inter-personal problems. Both groups contained female subjects only. The quantitative results of the mixed group show significant changes in the psychiatric symptoms as well as the evolution of interpersonal problems and current quality of life. At the same time, the homogeneous group showed changes in the ideal quality of life and the self-esteem scale. A comparison of the base and final scores showed that the BPD group showed no reduction in psychiatric symptomatology, nor was there a positive evolution in inter-personal relations. At the same time, when other groups were compared, it was obvious that patients in the mixed group showed greater changes in interpersonal problems and depression, anxiety, paranoid and hostility symptoms. … [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors start addressing theories in a general way and giving some operational definitions of them with the purpose to make it clear to the reader the way we employ the terms. The relationship with the unconscious--both descriptive and dynamic--is also established, and with unconscious phantasies as introduced by the Object Relations theory as well. Two different kinds of implicit (also called private) theories are thus presented: on one hand those descriptively unconscious (preconscious); on the other those dynamically unconscious (unconscious) Finally, an epistemological examination of the concept of transference in Freud's work is made with the intentions to show some of these ideas put to work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conceptualizations of temporality in classic Greece and the Jewish tradition and the contributions of G Deleuze and G Agamben are developed, applying them to the comprehension of a non-chronological temporality in the psychoanalytic session. The story in the session, the words of the patient must not be thought of as the comment of what happened earlier, but the story is rather the event itself as currently developed in the session while being listened by the analyst who may interpret it and then may present it because something that happens during such analysis leads him to interrogate himself, questioning himself while waiting for a reader or a listener to come. Einstein revolutionized the idea of time relating it to the idea of space and movement thus relativizing the concept. Time is neither constant nor external to us; time stops as speed increases. Regarding time, this epistemological rupture in physics has had significant repercussions in the comprehension of historical time that may no longer be thought of as mere chronology. There is a genetic temporality and a non-genetic temporality, nonsuccessive, non-numerable but rather intensive. Differences are presented between the chronology of the medical act and the intensive temporality of the analytical listening, which intensive temporality cannot be transmitted by a technological verifiable record. The resemblances between game, work of art and historicity of the living being are affirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows a metapsychological re-creation of transference from a conceptualization of representations as the units of psychism. Transference has its origins in the effort of an unsatisfied libidinal investiture that continues to be active in the Unconscious, and which allows the primary process to inadvertently filter into the secondary process through a "false link". Therefore, a current perception becomes identified with the expectative representation, which makes the individual believe that this new person will satisfy the aforementioned investiture. Transference neurosis is a psychoanalytic pillar, since only through it may one consciously and currently have access the repressed unconscious drives, a feature of childhood sexuality, and restart the psychosexual development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This investigation/intervention work sought to understand the organization of the experience and family coping in families dealing with a diagnostic impression of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) from the narratives built by the system in a therapeutic context. The design understood four moments and twelve intervention scenarios. The results showed as the families they build narrative dominant of the boy's apparent symptoms from the distinctions, prejudices and beliefs, and they spread to evidence coalition between the child and the person in charge of the child and the guiltiness between parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: La interpretación de la transferencia continúa siendo un componente fundamental en la tradición psicodinámica, a pesar de la reducida demostración empírica de su efectividad. En este estudio, los autores analizaron los efectos a largo plazo de las interpretaciones de la transferencia. Método: Se trata de un ensayo comparativo y aleatorizado, de diseño desmantelado, más evaluaciones de seguimiento al cabo de 1 y 3 años de finalizar el tratamiento. Cien pacientes en régimen ambulatorio que solicitaron psicoterapia por depresión, ansiedad, trastornos de la personalidad y problemas interpersonales fueron derivados a los terapeutas del estudio. Los pacientes fueron asignados aleatoriamente a recibir sesiones con frecuencia semanal de psicoterapia dinámica durante 1 año con interpretaciones de la transferencia y sin ellas. Se evaluaron cinco sesiones completas de cada terapia para corroborar la fidelidad al tratamiento. Los criterios de valoración fueron las Escalas de Funcionamiento Psicodinámico (Psychodynamic Functioning Scales) (puntuadas por el médico) y el Cuestionario de Problemas Interpersonales (Inventory of Interpersonal Problems) (autoevaluación). Se presupuso que las puntuaciones en la Escala de Calidad de las Relaciones Objetales (Quality of Object Relations Scale) (patrón a lo largo de la vida) y la presencia de algún trastorno de la personalidad eran variables moderadoras de los efectos del tratamiento. El cambio a lo largo del tiempo se evaluó utilizando modelos lineales mixtos. Resultados: A pesar de no haber diferencias en la eficacia de los tratamientos, ambos tratamientos demostraron una mejoría significativa durante su aplicación y también después de finalizarlos. Sin embargo, los pacientes con un patrón de peores relaciones objetales a lo largo de la vida se beneficiaron más del año de terapia con interpretaciones de la transferencia que de la terapia sin interpretaciones de la transferencia. Este efecto se mantuvo a lo largo del período de estudio de 4 años. Conclusiones: El objetivo de la interpretación de la transferencia es mantener la mejoría de las relaciones del paciente fuera de la terapia. La interpretación de la transferencia parece especialmente importante en los pacientes que presentan problemas interpersonales de larga duración y más graves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The psychoanalytic therapy of couples is defined as a treatment where the therapeutic goal is to promote insight into the own psychic reality, into the partner's psychic functioning and into their reciprocal feedbacks. It aims at producing insight into the inter-subjective functioning that characterize the consulting couple, and not at saving marriages or at harmonizing them according to social norms. Some concepts are proposed, necessary to build up the theoretical framework that a psychoanalytically oriented couple treatment needs: intrasubjectivity, inter-subjectivity, multi-directionality, unconscious alliances, intra-couple transference, narrative in common, vinculum intervention. The prescription would be dependent on the importance that the inter-subjective specific mechanisms have in the couple's conflicts. A fragment of a session is reported in order to illustrate the vinculum intervention, the specific modality of therapeutic intervention. As to the process of psychic change, the paper proposes that it depends on analyzing the transferences between the partners (intra-couple transferences), in order to promote, within the couple tie, a mental functioning closer to reality principle, that is to say, a functioning that differs from idealizations and reproaches that usually prevail in crises or conflicts of couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author discusses the possibility of differentiating between the material which corresponds to social reality and its consequences in the analytical relationship and the material which corresponds to what is called the inner world and its transferencial-contertransferencial relationship. A clinical vignette illustrates this distinction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this presentation the author tries to account for a psychoanalytic process. In this argument, concepts such as vision encounter, space construction and transformation, perspective change and shared here and now were highlighted. A key idea is the bidimensional spaces construction and transformation into three-dimensional ones, through successive perspective changes in the analytic couple, enabling the inhibited mental growth develop. Another relevant hypothesis explained is how the three-dimensional space depth allows to grasp and diferentiate the cohabitation of the different planes in which the analytic situation may be displaying. A temporal space plane with transferencial features which cohabits with the unknown temporal space. Each of these spaces requires a specific technique for its implementation. The transferential space from the absent object interpretative technique, which is represented by means of substitution in the shared here and now (absence effect), and the unknown temporal space descriptive technique, which implements the presence effects, describing what is seen, producing significant, new trimmings trying to detect the patient's and analyst's effects. Both effects are understood as symbolization producers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychoanalytical 'teamwork' may be recommended for dealing with a particular kind of transference that characteristically occurs during the institutional treatment of young patients presenting psychotic or behavioral symptoms. In such cases, the degree of alienation is such that repetition is usually induced in other people (the therapists), filling in for fantasy construction that seems to be lacking in the patient's psyche. A case like that of 'Angel' can give some idea of this phenomenon, wherein several caragivers have to harbour fragmented and incompatible elements of the case's particular history, which are in need of more mental representation. Any subjective restitution and appropriation of these elements by the patient would require a sort of detour (often a trying one!) by way of the psychical space of caregivers whose initial task will be to 'work it through' among themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the effects of manipulating the type and order of presentation of transference tests. Twenty eight undergraduate students divided in 4 groups were exposed to a second order matching to sample procedure. The conditions of exposition were: ascending difficulty/complexity order of the tests, descending order and two randomly assigned orders. Results are discussed in terms of percentages of effectiveness; additionally, the latency is proposed as an alternative measure sensitive to the level of difficulty of this kind of tasks. Findings showed heterogeneity in the velocity of acquisition of the conditional discriminations during the training phase, even though the conditions of the task were equal for all the subjects. The exposition to the ascending and descending order seemed to affect negatively the effective behavioral adjustment, whereas one of the randomly assigned sequences seemed to be the best condition. The order of exposition to transference tests, in interaction with a history of early acquisition in the training phase, served to understand the findings of this study and to discuss the necessity of a systematical evaluation of the factors implied in the transference tests. It is suggested to assess the validity of different kind of transference tests and the convenience of some of them to be use in the investigation of the phenomena related to the effective and variable behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author stands to discern what, in his view, was Freud's main finding on psychical functioning more than a century ago. With that aim, he first deals with the subject of suggestion, retrieving Freud's idea, in his article Lines in Advance in Psychoanalytic Therapy (1919), according to which "it's very likely that in applying our therapy to the masses we will need to alloy the pure gold of psychoanalysis with the copper of direct suggestion". He then tries to conceptually differentiate direct suggestion, a term coming from hypnosis approaches, from suggestion such as it was used from the start of psychoanalytic method to date. The former approach gave the patient the commandment of forgetting the traumatic event, while the latter used suggestion to stimulate the patient to resolve potential transferences. In the second part of the article, the author discusses the correlation between transference, compulsion to repeat and remembering. With examples taken from some of Freud's technical papers, he underlines that the intimate relation between memories and their transference deployment is present throughout Freud's work. A detailed reading of Chapter III of Beyond the pleasure principle allows the author to search into the concept of agieren, understood as a compulsive enactment of the unconscious. The agieren emerges clinically when repression is diminished, meaning that the analytic work has already went over half the way to find it. Finally, based on the clinical material of a patient in individual analysis, an attempt is made to exemplify in what way the compulsion to repeat is put by the unconscious ego, with its obstinate drive to repress, at the service of the pleasure principle. The sense of that obstinate repression manifested as a compulsion to repeat is to avoid coming in touch with some early childhood events which left a permanent scar in the patients sense of self. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The drawings made by the analyst --as a countertransferencial response to a prolonged period in which the patient slept in the sessions--resulted in a sustancial change in the evolution of the analysis. In this paper the author describes the analytic process of a 4 years old girl with progressive loss of sight due to uveitis, as the sole symptom of a rheumatic fever. One of the main aims of the analytic work consisted in revealing the repetition in the transference of early events. This events, considered as "psychocnalytic facts", marked a before and after in the process and evolution of treatment. A peak moment in the transference is described: primitive situations lived by the patient appeared in the analysis, doing possible to recreate the inner core of the conflict. The observation of the drawings by the patient allowed to illuminate the unconscious conflict, at the same time there was an improvement of the ocular pathology with complete recovery of vision by the end of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In analytical work with an autistic child the analyst is confronted with his own countertransferentials feelings and with the "no endless terror" put into the analyst by the patient's projective identification. The analyst ability to work over his own counter-transferential anxieties and his capacity of rêverie, allows him the possibility to "contain" the patient's destructives projections and restore them in an elaborated and transitional zone, to be reintrojected by the patient through his work to repair his inner world and his objectals cathexis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]