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The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Poster Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Pharmacological Outcomes in People With Learning Disability and Epilepsy," by K. Kelly. Epilepsy is common in people with a learning disability. Researchers undertook a prospective outcome study on patients with a learning disability and epilepsy referred to the Epilepsy Unit in Glasgow, Scotland, between 1998 and 2001. Other papers that will be discussed are "Outcomes of Therapy in Patients With Epilepsy," by T.V. Mitrokhina, and A.V. Lebedeva and "Outcomes of Add on Treatment With New Generation Antiepileptic Drugs for Partial Epilepsy Patients," by D. Nikodijevic-Kedeva.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Poster Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Risk Factors for Depression and Psychosis in Patients With Epilepsy," by A. Grabowska-Grzyb. Depression and interictal psychosis are the diagnostic, therapeutic and social problems in almost 50% of patients with epilepsy. The analysis was performed on the basis of the own clinical material, for example, 203 patients with epilepsy. In data analysis numerous statistical methods were used. Other papers that will be discussed are "Pseudopsychopathic Interictal Behavior in Medio-Basal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy," by F. Bartolomel and "Personality Features in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy With Hippocampal Sclerosis (MTLE-HS)," by T.Ozcanli.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Main Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 3, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Rational Polytherapy, Exploiting Pharmacodynamic Interactions for Clinical Benefit," by E. Perucca. The rational approach to the treatment of epilepsy requires initially the use of a single drug, chosen on the basis of efficacy spectrum and expected tolerability profile. When seizures cannot be suppressed completely with a single antiepileptic drug, a trial of combination therapy is warranted. Other papers that will be discussed are "Pharmacogenetics, Ion Channels and Antiepileptic Drugs," by M. Baulac and "Deep Brain Stimulation," by P. Boon.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Discussion Group of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 3, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Structuring Epileptology in Europe," by P. Wolf. Europe was the first part of the world where the ILAE implemented a regional structure in response to the rapid growth in national memberships which started in the early 1990ies. This created issues of regional importance which could be more reasonably dealt with in the region than by the ILAE Executive. Other papers that will be discussed are "Research in Epileptology: Perspectives and Programmes for Central / Eastern Europe," by M. Baulac and "Epilepsy Management in Central Europe," by V. Komarek.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Discussion Group of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 2, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Evolution of the Concepts," by C. Dravet. Scholars C. Lombroso and G. Erba, with the video-EEG recordings, demonstrated that the drop attacks did not have a uniform mechanism and corresponded either to one myoclonic jerk or to one purely atonic phenomenon or to a tonic seizure. Other papers that will be discussed are "The Epileptic Myoclonus: Clinical and Neurophysiological Aspects," by C.A. Tassinari and "Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy in Infancy," by B. Dalla Bernardina and M. Bureau.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Poster Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 2, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Predictors of Outcome in Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy," by N.A. Tatishvili. Clinical features assessed were: occurrence of neonatal seizures, neonatal background and ictal EEG, time of appearance of infantile spasms (IS), pre-existing seizures and seizure evolution, time period between seizure appearance and treatment. Other papers that will be discussed are "Electro-Clinical Study of Infantile Seizures in a Family With Hemiplegic Migraine and Epilepsy," by P. Van Bogaert and "A Prospective Study of West Syndrome in Premature Infants With Cystic Periventricular Leukomalacia: Protocol for Earlier Detection and Treatment," by L. Popovic Miocinovic.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Poster Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 2, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "The Effect of Technological Development in Preoperative Evaluation to Surgical Outcome of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy," by A. Erdem. Techniques such as scalp and invasive video/EEG monitoring, and structural and functional imaging, have contributed a lot to the surgical treatment of temporal epilepsy in recent years. Other papers that will be discussed are "Diagnostic Value of Non-Invasive Testing in the Decision to Perform Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Surgery," by S.G. Uijl and "Electric Source Imaging in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy," by M. Gavaret.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Poster Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Evaluation of Gabral Gene in Idiopathic Epilepsies," by N. Cine. Improve of new diagnostic and therapeutic methods are one of the major goals of epilepsy genetic studies. The aim of this study is to determine the GABRA I gene mutation which plays a role in the genetic background of Turkish IE patients. Other papers that will be discussed are "Association Studies With GABA[B]R1 Polymorphisms and Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy in Portuguese Patients," by C. Pereira and "Lack of Association Between a GABA (B) receptor 1 Polymorphism and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy," by E. Stogmann.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Poster Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Multiple Regression Analysis of Amplitude Dynamic of Rhythms Registered in the Course of Spike-Wave Activity in Wag/Rij Rats," by L.S. Godlevsky. The proposed method of analysis of the EEG was based on the assumption that EEG is composed as a result of a summation of activity of different rhythm pacemakers. Hence, mutual relations between these pacemakers might be identified. Other papers that will be discussed are "Investigation of Hippocampal Slices Electrical Activity Character Under the Pilocarpine Influence," by R.S. Vastyanov and "Metaphit-Induced Audiogenic Seizures in Developing Rats," by D.Zivanovic.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Poster Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Public Awareness and Attitudes Toward Epilepsy in Austria," by B. Mamoli. Questions of social acceptance of epilepsy often constitute a considerable problem for patients and their relatives. The purpose of this study was to survey awareness and attitudes towards epilepsy in Austrian society. Other papers that will be discussed are "Results From an Epilepsy Poll in Madrid, Spain," by A.C. Moreno and "General Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Epilepsy Among a High School Population in Macedonia," by A.P. Dimova.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Poster Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Public Awareness and Attitudes Toward Epilepsy in Austria," by B. Mamoli. Questions of social acceptance of epilepsy often constitute a considerable problem for patients and their relatives. The purpose of this study was to survey awareness and attitudes towards epilepsy in Austrian society. Other papers that will be discussed are "Results From an Epilepsy Poll in Madrid, Spain," by A.C. Moreno and "General Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Epilepsy Among a High School Population in Macedonia," by A.P. Dimova.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Discussion Group of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Cytokines and Acute Neurodegeneration in CNS Disorders," by S. Allan. Cytokines are a large and varied group of immune molecules that have diverse actions in the brain, including a key role as mediators of acute neurodegeneration. Other papers that will be discussed are "The Role of the Interleukins in Febrile Seizures," by R. Straussberg and "The Significance of Cytokine Production in Clinical Epilepsy," by J. Peltola and K.A. Lehtimaki.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Chairman's symposium that will be held on May 30, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "From Genetics to Re-Classification of Epilepsies," by J.M. Serratosa. The development of a genetic classification of the epilepsies is resulting much more complicated than previously expected due to the following findings: mutations in different genes can result in very similar epilepsy phenotypes and the same gene mutation can express very different epilepsy phenotypes and families expressing a common form of idiopathic epilepsy are rare. Other papers that will be discussed are, "From Functional Anatomy to Seizure Semiology," by C. Baumgartner and "From Physics to Neuroimaging," by S.D. Shorvon.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the European Concerted Action and Research in Epilepsy (EUCARE) symposium that will be held on May 30, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "EUCARE Action Pack," by H. Mounfield. The EUCARE Epilepsy Action Pack has been developed to build on the European White Paper and Call to Action so that these valuable tools are used to greater effect. The Action Pack has been designed to enable people with epilepsy to improve their care and treatment. Other papers that will be discussed are "Measuring Stigma in the Real World," by M. Pfafflin and "Epidemiology of Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy," by A. Hauser.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Novartis Satellite Symposium that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Laying the Foundations for Epilepsy Diagnosis and Treatment," by P. Ryvlin. The accurate diagnosis and optimal care of patients with de novo partial seizures offer many challenges to the physician. Auras, when isolated or associated with minor loss of awareness, are often misinterpreted as reflecting psychiatric or cardiovascular disorders, leading to an average delay of several years before the epilepsy can be recognized. Other papers that will be discussed are "Modern AED Monotherapy: Fulfilling the Needs of Growing Children With Partial Seizures," by B. Bourgeois and "Time for Change? Oxcarbazepine Monotherapy in the Diverse Adult Population," by D. Schmidt.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 2, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Pathophysiology of Cortical Negative Myoclonus: An Intracerebral Electrical Stimulation Study," by G. Rubboli. The central nervous system produces chemicals that exhibit powerful controlling effects on the body; these substances are known as endogenous molecules. Other papers that will be discussed are "Assessment of Two Multivariate Seizure Prediction Methods," by M. Winterhalder and "EEG Dipole Source Localisation of Interictal Spikes Acquired During Routine Clinical Video-EEG Monitoring," by S. Meckes-Ferber.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 2, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Sexual Dysfunctions and Hormonal Changes of Antiepileptic Drugs in Male Epilepsy Patients," by A. Schwarz. Sexual disorders occur more often in people with epilepsy than in the healthy population. Both epilepsy and antiepileptic medication may have an influence on hormones and sexual function. Characteristically, however, patients do not spontaneously report these problems. Other papers that will be discussed are "Study to Improve the Treatment of Epilepsy (SITE)," by C.A. Van Donselaar and "Levetiracetam Pharmacokinetics in Patients With Intractable Epilepsy," by S. Ghattaura.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 2, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Analysis of Autoantibodies (AAB) Against Human Brain AMPA Receptor in a Patient With Partial Epilepsy," by I.Y. Kovaleva. The changing of the level of AAB to AMPA receptors can be recommended as a tool for monitoring treatment and for the prediction of treatment outcome. Other papers that will be discussed are "Extrapyramidal Motor Symptoms in Focal Seizures," by E. Trinka and "Expression and Functional Significance of MDR1 Expression in a Chronic Model of Limbic Seizures," by N. Marchi.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Importance of MRI in the Prognosis of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy in Children," by G.J. Kasprian and P.C. Brugger. MRI-morphology did not correlate with a specific histology, nor was there any correlation between the histological type of lesion and outcome. However, all children improved after surgery based on the information provided by MRI. Other papers that will be discussed are "Surgical Strategy and Outcome of Patients With Supplementary Motor Area Epilepsy and Low Grade Glioma," by R.B. Chamoun and A.M. Alaraj and "Incidence of Visual Field Defects Following Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy," by K. Novak and K. Kircher.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Fits in Fiction," by S. Heiner. Epileptic fits in the cinema are always actually faked seizures. However, among the epileptic fits shown in over 100 feature films, there is a particular form of seizure, played as a malingered one. Other papers that will be discussed are "Epilepsy in Young Adults With Autistic Disorder and Learning Disability," by S. Danleisson and "Is Vagus Nerve Stimulation Associated With QOL and Neurocognitive Improvement in Children With Encephalopathic Epilepsy?" by L. Corpaci.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "The Lam-Safe Study: Lamotrigine Versus Carbamazepine and Vaiproic Acid in Newly Diagnosed Focal and Generalised Epilepsies in Adolescents and Adults," by B.J. Steinhoff and others. Researchers investigated the efficacy and safety of lamotrigine versus carbamazepine and vaiproic acid in newly diagnosed focal and generalized epilepsies in adolescents and adults. Other papers that will be discussed are "Tolerability of Levetiracetam in 516 Patients: Analysis by Dose and Serum Concentration," by D. Weintraub and "Antiepileptic Drug Withdrawal After Anterior Temporal Lobectomy," by B.I. Lee.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Mortality in People With Epilepsy," by L.J. Stephen. Epilepsy is associated with increased mortality. Current data may be inexact due to death certification, post-mortem examination and communication deficiencies. This study aimed to collect accurate death information on the patients. Compared to their peers, Scottish people with epilepsy have significant mortality excess. Other papers that will be discussed are "Reduced Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in Victims of Sudden Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP)," by N. Eppinger and "Refractory Status Epilepticus: Risk Factors and Prognosis," by H. Meierkord.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "The Antiepileptic Drug Pregnancy Registry: A Six-Year Experience," by D.F. Wyszynski and L.B. Holmes. Pregnancy registries have been developed to provide an early signal of an increased frequency of major malformations associated with prenatal exposure to the products monitored by the registry. Other papers that will be discussed are "The Safety of Antiepileptic Drugs in Pregnancy: Results of the UK Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register," by J.I. Morrow and A.J.C. Russell and "Eleven Year Interim Results of an International Observational Study of Pregnancy Outcomes Following Exposure to Lamotrigine," by J.G. Well and M.C. Cunnington.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Neurobiology symposium that will be held on May 30, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Neuropeptides: Their Role in Neurotransmission and As Functional Makers in Epilepsy," by G. Sperk. Neuropeptides are widely distributed in the peripheral and central nervous systems and are involved in numerous physiological functions. Together with classical neurotransmitters they are stored in large dense core vesicles localized at the nerve terminals from where they can be released upon nerve stimulation by exocytosis. Other papers that will be discussed are, "The Role of Somatostatin in Epilepsy: Evidence From Human Tissue," by P. Doumaud and "Galanin, Kindling and Status Epilepticus," by M. Kokaia.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Discussion Group of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 2, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Temporal Lobe Epilepsies, Recent Concepts," by C. Baumgartner. Temporal lobe epilepsies-the most frequent form of focal epilepsies-can be classified according to etiology, location of the seizure-onset zone within the temporal lobe and bilaterality. Other papers that will be discussed are "Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Seizures of Hippocampal Onset," by H.G. Wieser and "The Role of Amygdala and Temporal Polar Area," by P. Kahane.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Discussion Group of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Humoral Pathogenesis," by R. Mantegazza, P. Bernasconi and R. Spreafico. The autoimmune pathogenesis in Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE) has been proposed on the basis of the finding of antibodies against glutamate receptor 3 (GluR3) in patients' sera, and subsequently for their potential excitotoxic effect or killing activity on neuronal cells by a complement mediated mechanism. Other papers that will be discussed are "Cellular Pathogenesis," by C. Bien and "The Role of EEG and MRI," by T. Granata.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Discussion Group of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "New Developments in the Neuropathology of Focal Epilepsies," by M. Thom. Recent developments in the Neuropathology of focal epilepsy has largely occurred through expansion of research programmes in relation to the study of surgically resected tissues from adults and children with resistant epilepsy. Common pathologies include low-grade glioneuronal tumors, focal cortical malformations and hippocampal sclerosis. Other papers that will be discussed are "Molecular Neuropathology of Paediatric Epilepsies," by I. Blümcke and "Neurogenesis in the Epileptic Hippocampus," by B. Scheffler.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Discussion Group of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Non-Invasive and Invasive EEG," by F. Leutmezer. Video-EEG monitoring may be used to confirm the diagnosis of a seizure disorder, to classify seizure types, to assess seizure frequency and precipitating factors, and for surgical localisation. Although the procedure is associated with certain disadvantages, like its limited availability, the inherent cost, and the need for hospitalization, it is performed in almost all epilepsy centres for several reasons. Other papers that will be discussed are "Neuroimaging," by J.S. Duncan and "Can Epilepsy Surgery Cure Epilepsy?" by D. Schmidt.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Main Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "From Seizures to Syndromes to Diseases: Controversies," by P. Genton. Over the past decades, epilepsies have been characterized according to the tools that were prevalent and accessible to clinicians historically, they used to speak of seizures, they learned about syndromes, and have now to understand the new approaches based on concepts of epileptic diseases. Other papers that will be discussed are "Syndromic Classification: Is It Useful?" by M. Nikanorova and "Syndromes and Traits," by P. Wolf.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Main Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Remission: Insights From the Clinic," by M.J. Brodie. Remission of seizures is the major goal in treating epilepsy. It can be defined as a decrease or subsidence in the violence of a disease. Remission is, therefore, not a cure. Many definitions and remission rates are quoted in the literature since scholar William Gowers stated in 1881 that the spontaneous cessation of seizures is an event too rare to be anticipated in any given case. Other papers that will be discussed are "Refratoriness: Insights From the Clinic," by G. Bauer and "Role of Ion Channels in the Resistance to AEDs," by W. Wadman.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Discussion Group of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. A paper that will be discussed is "Benign Myoclonic Epilepsy: What About Outcome?" by S. Zuberi. Benign myoclonic epilepsy in infancy is a rare syndrome with approximately one hundred cases reported since the first syndromic description in 1981. This figure includes 20 infants with reflex myoclonic epilepsy whose inclusion in the wider syndrome remains debatable. The two largest case series comprise 11 and 14 patients collected over many years. Other papers that will be discussed are "Benign Infantile Spasms: Nosography and Treatment," by G. Capovilla and F. Vigevano and "Focal Epilepsies in Infancy: One or More Phenotypes?" by B. Echenne, A. Roubertie, V. Humbertclaude and F. Rivier.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the GlaxoSmithKline Satellite Symposium that will be held on May 30, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Getting It Right for Children Born to Mothers With Epilepsy: Morphology," by J. Morrow. Although congenital malformations relating to the use of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) have been reported for many years, it is only recently that extensive, robust and corroborating evidence has become available. This evidence has come in the form of a number of registries that have been designed to involve large numbers of patients so as to accurately elucidate the relative risks of treatment with current AEDs. Other papers that will be discussed are "Getting It Right for the Mind," by J. Cramer and "Getting It Right for Children Born to Mothers With Epilepsy Neurodevelopment," by G.A. Baker.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Pfizer Satellite Symposium that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Is Refractory Epilepsy Preventable?" by P. Ryvlin. Although the specific criteria for the clinical definition of refractory epilepsy can be debated, it is clear that 20%-30% of patients suffer from seizures that are not adequately controlled by pharmacological treatment. Other papers that will be discussed are "Pregabalin: What Are the Prospects for This Newest AED?" by J. French and "High Dose Versus Low Dose Treatment With Antiepileptic Drugs: How Can We Define the Optimal Approach to Epilepsy Therapy?" by P. Kwan.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Janssen-Cilag Satellite Symposium that will be held on May 30, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Antiepileptic Drugs As Pro-Apoptotic Agents in the Developing Brain: Mechanism for Adverse Neurobehavioral Outcomes?" by H. Ikonomidou. Adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on the developing human brain have been recognized since the early 1970's. AEDs taken by pregnant women to prevent seizures are among the most common causes of fetal malformations, microcephaly and developmental delay. Other papers that will be discussed are "Epilepsy and Antiepileptic Drugs: Vulnerability of the Elderly," by R. Eugene Ramsay and "Topiramate As Monotherapy: Findings From Large-Scale Clinical Trials," by R. Guerrini.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the UCB Pharma Satellite Symposium that will be held on May 30, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Sequential Monotherapy, Rather Than Add-on Therapy, Should Be Our Treatment Strategy of Choice: For," by D. Schmidt. It is widely agreed that the treatment of epilepsy should be initiated with a single drug. When the initially prescribed antiepileptic drug (AED) fails to produce seizure freedom, the choice of an alternative monotherapy will still achieve seizure control in up to 30% of cases. Other papers that will be discussed are "New AEDs Have Yet to Demonstrate That They Improve Patient Outcomes: Against," by C.E. Elger and "Sequential Monotherapy, Rather Than Add-on Therapy, Should Be Our Treatment Strategy of Choice: Against," by M.J. Brodie.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Merritt-Putnam Satellite Symposium that will be held on June 2, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "The Diagnostic Challenges Between Refractory and Pseudo-Refractory Epilepsy," by G.L. Holmes. Refractory epilepsy is a common and serious condition. The medical, social, and economic consequences of refractory epilepsy can be enormous. Recurrent seizures are associated with significant risks for death, physical injury, cognitive impairment, and psychosocial problems. Other papers that will be discussed are "Alteration in AED Targets As a Mechanism Underlying Drug Resistance," by H. Beck and "Is Refractory Epilepsy a Disorder of Transporter Systems?" by S.M. Sisodiya.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Poster Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Prevalence of Epilepsy in an Adult Population in Oppland County, Norway," by T. Svendsen. The aim of this study was to assess the age specific prevalence of epilepsy in Oppland County in the central eastern part of Norway. The study was cross-sectional and based on questionnaires and medical records. Other papers that will be discussed are "Prevalence of Epilepsy in Lipari Archipelago," by R. Musolino and "An Influence of Aetiology on Long-Term Course of Symptomatic Epilepsy," by I. Tyrlikova.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 2, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Identification of Focal Cortical Dysplasia and Neoplasms in the MRI of Children With Epilepsy Using Voxel Based Morphometry," by J.M. Bruggemann. Focal cortical dysplasia and neoplasms are often causal of intractable epilepsy in children. Detection and delineation of these lesions via visual examination of MRI can be difficult, impacting on the prognosis for surgical outcome. Other papers that will be discussed are "Comparison Between fMRI and Wada Test," by L. Borjesson and others and "Language Reorganization in Patients With Left Hemisphere Lesions and Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Magnetoencephalography Study," by E. Pataraia.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 2, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Oromotor and Dichotic Listening Performance in Rolandic Epilepsy," by O. Eeg-Olofsson. The test battery included tests for facial expression, quality of lip and tongue movements, quality and speed of syllables, quality of words and nonsense words, and quality and speed of tongue-twisting words. Sensibility on tongue and lips was tested with two-point discrimination. Other papers that will be discussed are "The Effect of Idiopathic and Cryptogenic Localisation-Related (Partial) Epilepsies on Cognitive Functions," by A.P. Aldenkampt and "Speech Disabilities of Children With a Benign Partial Epilepsy," by S. Bauch-Prater.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 2, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Differential Activation of CDK5 in Subfields of Hippocampal Sclerosis," by A. Sen. Cyclin dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is important in many aspects of neurodevelopment, neuronal function and neurodegeneration. Recent animal work has shown that cdk5 activation can specifically induce hippocampal CAl cell death. Other papers that will be discussed are "Proliferation of Neural Progenitors in Human Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Does It Really Mean Neurogenesis?" by M. Lerner-Natoli and "The Design and Synthesis of Dihydrouracil Analogues As Potential Anti-Epileptogenic Agents," by K.E. Tiedje and D.F. Weaver.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Long-Term Seizure Control in Children With Malformations of Cortical Development," by N.J. Jovic and V. Brankovic-Sreckovie. Malformations of cortical development are often recognised as underlying aetiology for intractable seizures, mental retardation and neurological deficits in children. Other papers that will be discussed are "The Spectrum of Epilepsy in Children With Hippocampal Malrotation," by G. Buyse and J. Pauwels and "Do We Need to Measure Quality of Life in Children With Epilepsy?" by M.B. Mazurkiewicz-Beldzinska and A. Matheisel.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Chromosomal Mapping and Environmental Manipulations of Absence Seizures in WAG/Rij Rats," by G. Van Luijtelaar. WAG/Rij rats are amongst the most appropriate models for the study of spontaneous childhood absence epilepsy. This phenotype is endowed with two types of spike-wave discharges (SWD), a more generalized and a more occipital one. Other papers that will be discussed are "Opposite Role of GABA-B System in Two Types of Epileptic Seizures in Immature Rats," by P. Mares and R. Slamberova and "Seizure Onset and Spread During Lifetime: An In-Vitro Study," by F. Weissinger.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Transient Lesion in the Splenium of the Corpus Callosum in Epilepsy Is Associated With Rapid Antiepileptic Drug Withdrawal," by A. Ebner. In epilepsy patients, a transient ovoid lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum has been described. Other papers that will be discussed are "Frontal Involvement in Lafora Disease: A 3 Tesla MRI Volumetry and 1H MR Spectroscopy Study," by V. Villanueva and "Short Term 1.5 t Single Voxel Spectroscopy of Hippocampal Structures in Healthy Adults: How Reproducible Are the Results?" by T. Hammen.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Quantitative Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Distributions of Interictal Events in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy," by J. Bourien. The quantitative analysis of interictal transient events over long periods brings substantial information about epileptogenic zone organization. Other papers that will be discussed are "Intracerebral-EEG Low-Voltage Rapid Activity in TLE Seizures: Analysis and Modelling," by F. Wendling and "Deep EEG Recordings in the Mammillary Body in Humans," by M. De Tourtchaninoff.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Multimodal Information Guidance in a Comprehensive Neuronavigation Environment," by G. Wurm. Multimodal navigation, in which both structural and functional mapping are used for surgical planning and performance, provides a centralized information database for multidisciplinary guidance. Other papers that will be discussed are "Intraoperative High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Tailored Epilepsy Surgery," by H. Stefan and "Are Slow Waves in Frontal Lobe Epilepsy Due to the Lesion?" by M. Garcia Fernandez.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 1, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Heterogeneous Ictal Electro-Clinical Features of Infantile Spasms," by H. Hwang. Although infantile spasms (IS) are the most common catastrophic epileptic encephalopathy of infancy, the basic mechanism of ictal semiology and EEG has not been fully understood. Researchers investigated the ictal electro-clinical features of IS. Other papers that will be discussed are "Febrile Seizures in Preterm Population: Is There a Cascade From Initial Injury to Epilepsy?" by E.A. Herrgard and "The Electroclinical Spectrum of Panayiotopoulos Syndrome," by I. Manidakis.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Discussion Group of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 3, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Presurgical Strategies in Non-Lesional Temporal Lobe Patients," by W. Serles. Up to 20% of refractory epilepsy patients have negative MRI. Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy represent a considerable group in epilepsy centres performing epilepsy surgery. Only 30-50% of these are reported to become seizure free after temporal lobectomy. Other papers that will be discussed are "Value of Intracranial Recordings in Non-Lesional Patients," by G. Alarcon and "Value of Nuclear Medicine Techniques in Non-Lesional Patients," by A.M. Siegel.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Platform Session of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on May 31, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Spatial-Memory Impairments in Epilepsy Patients With Mesial Temporal Sclerosis," by M.P.H. Hendriks, R.P.C. Kessels and others. Impairments in spatial memory have been found consistently in medial temporal-lobe epilepsy patients and epileptic rats. These impairments have been linked to dysfunction of the hippocampal formation and the parahippocampal gyms. Other papers that will be discussed are "Language Lateralisation in Chronic Temporal Lobe Epilepsy As Determined by fMRI," by T. Benket, C. Brenneis and "Interictal Language Functions in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Prospective Study," by L. Bartha and T. Benke.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Discussion Group of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 3, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Do New AEDs Have a Therapeutic Range?" by P. Patsalos. To ascertain whether or not the new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are associated with clearly defined therapeutic ranges. Tentative therapeutic ranges abstracted from the clinical trial evaluation programmes of the new AEDs have been published and appear to be in use in various laboratories. Other papers that will be discussed are "Do New AEDs Have Concentration Related Side Effects?" by D. Berry and "Monitoring Metabolites of AEDs: Does This Have Any Clinical Significance?" by R. Levy.

The article presents information about abstracts of various papers that will be discussed at the Discussion Group of the 6th European Congress on Epileptology that will be held on June 3, 2004. One of the papers that will be discussed is "Initial Signs or Symptoms of Epileptic Seizures. Are They Safety Factors?" by P. Rajna, E. Csibri and A. Solyom. Warning and initial symptoms of epileptic seizures (WISE) might have extreme significance for the patients. Other papers that will be discussed are "On the Improbability of Clinical Seizure Anticipation in Human Epilepsy," by D. Velis, S.N. Kalitzin, P. Suffczynski and J. Parra and "Dynamical Changes Preceding Seizures and Their Relationship With Visually Assessed Video-EEG," by V. Navarro, J. Martinerie and M. Le Van Quyen.