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The article presents information about the book "The Human Zoo," by Desmond Morris. Why are human beings as they are, why do they do what they do, what governs their behavior? This is the question that certain recent books in biology, anthropology, ethology, genetics and zoology have been trying to reanswer. The answer, first offered more than 200 years ago by Giambattista Vico, fleshed out by German sociology, adopted universally by doctrinaire Socialists and liberals, is that man is a historical animal. Different implications have been drawn from this answer by different people.

This article focuses on the book "History, Psychology and Culture," by Alexander Goldenweiser. This book contains papers in the form of volume. Their significance for an understanding of the development of anthropological theory in the United States is of the first order; the influence they have exerted on the course of social thought in this country and in Europe far transcends that of the usual contributions to the periodical literature of a science. Not only did the consistently high quality of these discussions call attention to them when they were first published, but, ever since, social scientists have been going to them to read their incisive, clean-cut observations and analyses, and to gain from them ideas for exploring new lines of thought.

The theatrical production "Conscience" is very genuine drama of which the beginning gives not the slightest promise. When the curtain rises upon a lonely Alaskan hut swept by paper snow and reveals a very tiresome madman who summons ghosts from behind a black curtain that he may deliver to them vague harangues about the social system in general, the combination of melodramatic nonsense and intellectual pretentiousness suggests nothing so much as a feature film which has unfortunately learned to talk. Hardly less interesting than the problem which the play has wished to present is the problem which it unconsciously raises: How is it possible that a man capable of the telling realism of the two middle acts can burden them with a first scene which seems calculated to drive spectators from the theater and with a fourth which does as much as it can to destroy the effect of what has gone before?

This article presents views of Professor Linda J. Waite, on the benefits of marriage, on the basis of her paper at the Population Association of America's annual conference, "Does Marriage Matter?" As she has discovered, marriage is good for a person. Married people have more money, more sex, more satisfaction and, longer lives than those who are unmarried. Certainly there is no need for sociology to tell that two people pooling their resources and facing life together can reap benefits closed to those who are single or who live together but keep their resources separate. This would probably be true in any society, but is particularly the case in the U.S., where for millions of people, marriage is the only social-welfare system.

The article discusses the book "The World of William Clissold," by H.G. Wells. With unnumbered reams of paper before hint and the world's most rapid pen in his hand, Wells has begun once more from the beginning, determined that this time at least nothing from the Cro-Magnon man to Henry Ford shall escape him and that of one book at least he shall be able to say, "Tis all ye know on earth or need to know." Here, prehistory and prophecy both have their place along with religion, science, economics, and sociology, and nothing that has been said before need on that account be left unsaid.

Presents letters to the editor related to recent political developments around the world. Execution of insurgents in Ireland; Isolation of the U.S. from world politics; Relationship between sociology and humanism as presented in the paper "The Humanism of Shakespeare."

The article presents information about various publications. Author Herbert Spencer's papers on "Sociology" are to appear in the form of a book during the coming autumn, and people may say for them in advance that they will form one of the most important books of the year. The recent convention of women adjourned without taking any notice of an attack which the accomplished secretaries of that body might well have been directed to throw into the form of a Syllabus of Condemned Propositions, to be used as a guide by the faithful in all lands.

David Eaton, pastor of Washington D.C.'s largest inner-city Unitarian church, spoke as follows to a white suburban audience filled with space and electronics experts: "The $23 billion we've spent going to the moon has stolen money the black man needs for job, retraining and schools." This black view of space is becoming more apparent. Even white political leaders are picking up the theme. Senator Edward Kennedy has urged in several campus speeches that space money be diverted to pressing domestic problems.

This article focuses on socio-political conditions of Chile. If any further proof were needed of the apathy with which people in the U.S. regard affairs in South America, it might be found in the almost unanimous indifference toward recent events in Chile. Two military coups d'etat within five months, involving the eclipse of the patrician class until then in the ascendancy, the exile and triumphal return of a president, and the promulgation of a new body of laws and civil guaranties, these were only the beginning.

If the great mass of mankind, having to work hard in occupations which do not provide much culture for the mind and yet absorb all the attention learned "to see things as they are" with as much facility as an Oxford professor, they would be more than human. Critic Matthew Arnold has displayed in his latest, as indeed in all his sociological papers, considerable difficulty in seeing things as they are himself. Matthew Arnold and Thomas Carlyle have both taken up the position of critics of society, pure and simple, and for persons of a certain temperament no talk can be easier or more delightful. Society in every country in full of defects, defects both of form and substance.

Editorial. Focuses on social problems in towns and cities of California. Water, agriculture and educational problem of the town Ripley in Riverside County; Problem of eleven farm-labor families, mostly Mexican American, functioning in an agricultural cooperative near Salinas; Efforts of the state to solve social problems.

The article discusses the book "Culture As History: The Transformation of American Society in the Twentieth Century," by Warren I. Susman. If analytical models and quantitative techniques borrowed from the social sciences have challenged easy assumptions and cleaned up sloppy thinking they have also been a mixed blessing for the writing of history. While most historians huddle in these bunkers, defending ever smaller patches of real estate, there is and has always been a more fruitful way to conceive of the writing of history.

The author and his wife were living the dormitory life of the American Academy in Rome and the author was much preoccupied with writing a novel, with literary concepts, with reviewing his own life's resources for literary creation, with the experience of discovering a foreign culture in which the old structures and guides that sustained his thoughts, emotions and conduct at home were so relaxed, whether awake or sleeping, that it was as though he was living in a barely controlled chaos. The author attempts to write an essay on the subject of desegregation and the Southern Congressmen's defiance of the Supreme Court.

Comments have been made about the American culture like how spoiled are their children, how hurried their meals are, how incessant they talk about money. Many changes in American manners and morals have been matters of period rather than place. At a certain point, in America and Europe alike, the upper and then the middle class-lower-class living cuts here too close to the bone, take up tennis or bridge, stop wearing corsets or start using wrist watches; or life in many places grows more informal, living more mechanized, language more downright. This is truer than ever today, when the speed of communication and transport has internationalized behavior and naturalizes ideas overnight

The only way for a science to get real recognition is by real demonstration. Accumulations of undeniable facts and objective study of them form the only safe foundation for any scientific structure. No one can deny that the facts of society's life have formed an object of interest and observation for many centuries. A man can count the legs of a fly and report his findings without having his heart wrung because he thinks there are too many or too few. But when he observes the life of the society within which he himself lives, moves, and has his being, or some other human society near by, it is the rule that he shall approve or disapprove, be edified or horrified, by what he observes.

This article focuses on the author H.G. Wells. The author says that Wells remains the copious and incessant spokesman for the younger generation, which he has stung into consciousness of itself. A writer so full of tendency as Wells, constantly setting father against son and son against father, is obviously something more or less than a novelist, quite irrespective of his sociological treatises. The author says that he was glad to be assured that Wells's air of passionate earnestness and transparent candor was not merely an aspect of his literary technique.

Much nervous attention is being given to what women are writing these days— not as literary achievements but as samples of their psycho-political nature and sneak previews of their power. These monthly publications provide insights that the more incisive self-analyses do not, for they purportedly recycle the thinking of women who rely upon them for opinions which they do not realize they have, as consumers, already expressed. Judging by the millions of subscribers attributed to such publications, this is a base operation of mass training for the feminine role that so frustrates those women who have been intellectually liberated but remain socially repressed.

The article presents information on two books "Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity," by Francis Fukuyama and "Jihad vs. McWorld," by Benjamin R. Barber. "Trust," is 200 pages too long and repeats every point many times. But everyone in a certain milieu will talk about it, because as a crash course in comparative political economy and sociology it enables them to think they know what they're talking about when they chit-chat about lifetime employment in Japan or the high cost of the German welfare state. Barber's book is also one of convergence, but with a difference. He understands that culture is not an abstraction but an economy and, like all economies, comes wrapped in the arms of force and money.

This article focuses on the new program of documentary historical coordination, designed to remedy a congenital defect in the U.S. culture. By temperament forward-looking, Americans have been unconscionably careless of their past. the U.S. has gloried each day in the new dawn, in the splendor of which all yesterdays are forgotten. U.S. has its small band of Historical Society devotees and Civil war buffs. Whatever the U.S. Congress may have expected, it could not in the nature of bureaucratic process have anticipated the on rush of the present enterprise, which now promises to rescue from oblivion.

A steady stream of books well illustrates the smoldering intensity of the race problem in the U.S. Every shade of opinion is usually represented, but in the list the hopelessly bitter anti-African American screed is fortunately lacking. Through these books is illustrated a serious effort by white and colored writers alike to deal in a scientific spirit with what is the least solved and the least understood of the social problems in the U.S.; to apply to it the laboratory method so warmly urged as the necessary resolvent in all matters sociological.

This article focuses on the social conditions in Wyoming. very few Wyoming cities have any kind of civil service-a reform associated more with the turn of the century than with the space age. However far Wyoming may have lagged behind the country, some of its citizens were sprinting frantically to catch up. And by the time November, 1969 had dawned the concept was being considered, at least in some places, that events in Wyoming were a manifestation of a significant change in the structure of thought and feeling across the U.S. in relation to the war in Vietnam and other matters as well.

The article discusses why the 1999 protests that halted the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Ministerial Conference in Seattle, Washington, was a transformational event for American citizens opposed to globalization. Also discussed is the economic impact on U.S. citizens as a consequence of the WTO’s globalization scheme, such as job loss from increased offshoring, the pressure on U.S president Barack Obama to maintain WTO’s status quo, and the need for Obama’s commitment to trade reform.

The article presents incidents related to the world politics. Boris Kagarlitsky, a Russian opposite leader has been given an apology by "Komsomolskaya Pravda", which published an enormous attack on him by Gubenko and Piskarev. Komsomolskaya Pravda announced in its edition of August 26 that Boris does have the benefits of higher education, has been a longtime student of sociology and is a member of the Soviet Sociological Association. The newspaper says it will not again be requiring the services of comrades Gubenko and Piskarev. One of the topics mercifully untouched during the U.S. vice president George Bush and Michael Dukakis debate was Israel and the treatment of Palestinians.

The article presents information on the book "From Yale to Jail: The Life Story of a Moral Dissenter," by David Dellinger. The "endless demonstrations" against the war contributed to creating a society in which "the guardrails" of "community and family rules of conduct" were removed. The result ever since has been "the splattering of one ungodly tragedy after another across the evening news." Never mind the question of whether the protests in August 1968, which involved fewer than 10,000 participants, were truly representative of a decade of anti-Vietnam War protest.

The article presents information on the book "Embattled Paradise. The American Family in an Age of Uncertainty," by Arlene Skolnick. Skolnick's book, a wide-ranging and in the postwar years, is a useful antidote to the bleak rhetoric of loss and decline. Skolnick, a family scholar, attempts to move the family history debate away from jeremiads and moralistic denunciations. In a climate of Cultural dislocation, it has been easy enough for many critics to fasten on certain aspects of the changing family as symptoms of decay. But Skolnick argues, such moralizing is and misleading.

The article presents an interview with writer Penwright Profound. His single novel was published in 1947, entitled "That Was the World War Two That Was," and is based on his experiences in Europe cleaning and adjusting spark plugs for trucks of the stoned Red Ball Express while on special assignment as a non-commissioned officer. Since the shattering impact of that first work upon the reading public, Profound has produced a stream of memoirs, travel and popular sociology. But unsated, his public awaits completion of his work-in-progress Profound's first major work-in-progress Profound's first major work of fiction in nearly two decades.

Art--including dramatic art--is not, as it is sometimes supposed to be, a trivial thing. It is just as important as any of the other means by which men express their criticism of life, and its freedom is just as essential for the healthy functioning of society as any other freedom. There is no argument for the freedom of thought and of the press which does not apply with equal force to dramatic. It is impossible to set any legal standard of decency, for the simple reason that decency is purely a matter of changing convention.

The article focuses on the author's philosophical opinion about Germany. According to him there is something overwhelming in the spectacle of a great nation lying prostrate in utter collapse. Whether one regards Germany's present fate as a kind of divine punishment for overweening insolence, or think of her as a sturdy nation surrounded and ultimately crushed by jealous and grasping neighbors equally alarmed at her military power and her growing commercial success, there is occasion for what the poet called the tears of mortality in such a doom.

Recent conventions in Washington of the American Chemical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science-both of which gave considerable attention to basic food and population problems-cast some of the penetrating and objective lighting of science upon the confused political, economic, and Military issues which daily make the headlines in the newspapers. The American Association for the Advancement of Science was celebrating its centenary, and the presence of old Maithus, the population man, was strongly felt, somewhat as the shadow of Karl Marx falls across politics in this centennial year of the Communist Manifesto.

The hippies are happening. They know a lot of things the squares don't. They know that marijuana is mildly pleasant and doesn't give you lung cancer; that it is better to make love than war; that most things taught in college must be unlearned later in life; that it is healthier to be spontaneous, communal and tolerant than repressed, materialistic and bigoted. All this being eagerly granted, the point must now be made that the hippies have been overrated. Their ultimate vision is in no way superior to that of the New Left. The hippies will not change the U.S. because change means pain, and the hippie subculture is rooted in the pleasure principle. They have an intellectual flabbiness that permits them to equate an original talent with a put-on. For this reason they are vulnerable to the kind of exploitation symbolized by the Jefferson Airplane commercial. They lack the energy, stability and private pain to serve as the "new proletariat" that some in the New Left perceive them to be.

Presents several letters to the editor. Social conditions in Soviet Union in 1925; Origin of the word "Pluck"; Description of magazines focusing on Soviet Union.

The article discusses books and authors. The title of the book "Principles of Social Psychology" is misleading, for the nature of the contents does not nearly justify the title, either with or without the obscurely placed sub-title, "as Developed in a Study of Economic and Social Conflict." The author James M. Williams has not addressed himself to the major problems of social psychology raised by other prominent sociologists, although he has made use by application of some of the conclusions of the theories.

The article presents information on the book "The Principles of Sociology," by Edward Alsworth Ross. Salient characteristic of the book is the range of the data from which illustrative material is culled. Writer Ross is far-traveled, who has literally surveyed mankind from China to Peru. His instances have frequently the piquancy of an eye-witness report and even apart from personal reminiscences he reveals a genuine talent for the use of striking and even convincing examples. Of all the numerous problems treated there is probably not a single one that is settled by an appeal to first principles.

The article presents information on the book "Social Thought From Lore to Science," by Hatry Elmer Barnes and Howard Becker. This is a huge enterprise carried out with courage and ability. The first volume surveys the history of social thought from its beginning with the preliterate peoples who, the authors point out, must have had social thought even if they could not write, up to the latest cyclical theory of Pitirim Sorokin, who, the authors do not point out, insists on writing even when he hasn't much social thought. The second volume, abandoning the chronological for the national, surveys the present trends in sociology from England to Japan, including the Scandinavian countries and including also so piquant a caption as emigre Ukrainian sociology.

Presents several letters to the editor. Goals of second American Writers' Congress, held in New York from June 4 to 6, 1937; Details of challenges related to fascism; Social problems of Germans and Italians.

The author says that one of the best ways to damn a man, if people can not ignore him or vilify him outright, is to build a legend around him. That makes him a hazy and unreal figure and takes the edge off whatever sharp meaning his life might otherwise have. His life traced a pattern which, if it were followed by other middle-class lives, would burst the bounds of our entire present social system. And so those who have feared him, unable to fight his influence in any other way, have welcomed the chance to make him incredible.

The article focuses on the book "The Meaning of Individualism," by Henry Hazlitt. The problem which the title suggests is perhaps the crucial problem of author's time. There is at present an astonishingly widespread confusion of thought which has led an increasing number of writers to denounce "individualism" in general without giving us any clear idea of what they mean by the term, and without having any themselves. "Individualism" is usually !represented, both by its champions and by its enemies, as a very simple doctrine, when in reality it is a word covering several distinct and often complex doctrines.

Patrick Geddes, who died at Montpellier in the south of France April 17, was one of the few men of indisputable genius produced by Britain. Geddes was a pure Scot, born at Perth in 1854, is instinct a wandering scholar. He worked in the London laboratory of T. H. Huxley and made himself equally at home among the marine biologists of the French Coast and in the group of geographers and social analysis. Patrick Geddes was a flame of thought and inspiration. His professorship was a small affair of botany, at Dundee. He had established the Outlook Tower as a laboratory of sociology and civics on the castle hill of Edinburgh, had founded university halls of residence, been a pioneer of summer schools.

This article presents information on three books related to politics. The book "Japanese Militarism: Its Cause and Cure," by John M. Maki poses the problem in its true dimensions. He gives a full-length portrait, or the past and for the present, of the economic oligarchy that has always gone hand in band with the political oligarchy in Japan. The other book is "Taxes Without Tears," by Donald Bailey Marsh. This book focuses on fiscal policy and social welfare. The third book is "Tobias Smollett: Traveler-Novelist," by George M. Kahrl. This book is related to travel and a satiric insight into persons, places and society.

This article provides information on the book "The Age of Enterprise," by Thomas C. Cochran and William Miller. Early in this "social history of industrial America" Cochran and Miller assert that the people of the U.S., have not been a people essentially political, literary, metaphysical, or religious. There cannot be the shadow of doubt that business has been something very special in the American national life, it as far back as 1834. There is little essentially new in "The Age of Enterprise," and the authors emphasize that their purpose has been "simply to make the non-professional reader acquainted with what one believes to be at once the most useful and most easily available books and magazines which bear upon the subject.

When the spirit fades, the form appears." This is a fair description of the current state of professional sociology. These days the discipline of sociology falters, a victim of its misguided quest for a professionalism wrapped in the protective armor of "science." Quantitative sociologists tend to make a fetish of "hard numbers" rather than trying to understand how social groups interpret and act on the circumstances those numbers describe. But those scholars also constitute an important bulwark against the recent tendencies of others in the field who seem to privilege inspired insight over validation.

The article gives an insight into the social conditions and status of minorities in the U.S. through author's account of his personal experiences. Author is lolling at the rear of the Washington Hilton Grand Ballroom at the midpoint of the Christian Coalition "Road to Victory" conference, and waiting for Charles Colson to mount the podium and tell once more of his collision with a personal savior in a post-Watergate golf-club correctional facility. It's an after-breakfast weekend session, which means that author's outfit is filthy jeans and yesterday's shirt, set off by jowl bristles and a lung-igniting cigarette. An absolutely mountainous fellow levers himself against the wall next to author.

This article presents information on various social developments in the world. The findings and recommendations of the commission which for two years has been studying the industrial conditions of India have been published as a single report, which recommends various governmental changes to meet the economic needs of the country. The commission proposes that Imperial and provincial departments of industry and an Imperial industrial service be created. The Imperial department would be responsible for the industrial policy of the Government and the carrying out of a unique form programme of industrial development throughout the country, while the actual administrative work would devolve upon the local Governments and their industrial departments.

The article focuses on the "How to Win the War," by Alfred A. Knopf. The author argues on the disintegration of the social structure of his opponents. Analysis of his campaigns, beginning with that against Austria, certainly supports this view but there is all too little evidence that the controllers of British policy have made such an analysis and drawn the inevitable conclusions. Behind the German lines, even within the boundaries of the Reich itself, tens of millions of Hitler's victims provide explosive material for a democratic counter-revolution. This book sets out a program which could rally them to form a second, secret front against their Nazi oppressors.

Most of the peoples have reached the saturation point in the organization of societies based upon a common enthusiasm. The opportunities must be nearly exhausted for grouping persons devoted to skiing, the reform of the calendar, collecting postage stamps, and such, at annual dues of $5. The net sum thus impounded would relieve the depression or pay the European war debts. On the other hand, the reverse process never has been properly exploited. All of the popular philosophy insists on constructive action, affirmative thought, positive values. Everybody know the bluster which rascality and incompetence make about what they call "purely destructive criticism" when they feel its sting.